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361 Sentences With "pandits"

How to use pandits in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "pandits" and check conjugation/comparative form for "pandits". Mastering all the usages of "pandits" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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In one context, Kashmiri Pandits are victims looking for retribution.
The cruelty that Kashmiri Pandits experienced doesn't mitigate our callousness toward displaced Muslims.
Only a few thousand Kashmiri Hindus, mostly Pandits, still live in Muslim-majority Kashmir.
The Global Kashmiri Pandits Diaspora praised Modi's move as a vindication of their members' aspirations.
Many of them were Hindu minorities - known as Kashmiri Pandits - who later lived in camps across India.
One of the largest migrations since India's independence from Britain in 1947, many Pandits settled in refugee camps around Jammu.
"Finally Kashmiri minorities, particularly the Kashmiri Pandits, will receive justice," Vijay K. Sazawal, representing the Indo-American Kashmir Forum, said in a statement.
Hundreds of thousands of Pandits remain displaced to this day, and their fate has become a major driver of the changing of Kashmir's protected status.
A 2015 blueprint by Kashmir's local government to resettle Pandits proposed guarded colonies with schools, malls, hospitals and playgrounds, people with knowledge of the plan said.
Any return of the Kashmiri Pandits for example, many of whom had to flee threats of violence previously, would have to be done under heavy guard.
A blueprint unveiled by the state government in 2015 had proposed self-contained, heavily guarded colonies for returning Pandits, complete with schools, shopping malls, hospitals and playgrounds.
In particular, many Hindus want to see the return of the Kashmiri Pandits, Hindu residents of the valley who had to flee Islamist violence in the 1990s.
After living side-by-side with Kashmiri Muslims for centuries, Pandits fled for safety after a sharp rise in killings and attacks by Muslim militants when the insurgency flared in 1989.
WHEN Anthony Carmona, the president of Trinidad and Tobago, showed up in a Carnival parade last month wearing a head cloth, white shorts and beads like those worn by Hindu pandits, he was not expecting trouble.
When the violence began, many Pandits, as Kashmiri Hindus are known, were targeted and killed by militants, which terrified us, leading to rushed middle-of-the-night departures by most of our community, including my extended family.
I refused anything less than an open bar, I refused to ban my male friends from portions of my supposedly girls-only ceremony, and I refused the pandits' suggestion that I openly promise to bear children for my future husband.
Many of the refugee Kashmiri Pandits have been living in abject conditions in refugee camps of Jammu. The government has reported on the terrorist threats to Pandits still living in the Kashmir region. Some Hindus across India tried to help the Pandits. Bal Thackeray from Maharashtra got seats reserved in engineering colleges for the children of these Pandits.
The Kashmiri Pandits festivals include Shivratri (or Herath in the Kashmiri language) which is one of the major festivals of Kashmiri Pandits. Navreh or the Kashmiri lunar new year is also an important Pandit festival.
He speaks and spreads a positive message about Kashmir and Kashmiri Pandits.
By 1950, their population declined to 5 per cent as many Pandits moved to other parts of India due to the uncompensated land redistribution policy, the unsettled nature of Kashmir's accession to India and the threat of economic and social decline. In the 1981 census, the Kashmir Division had 124,078 Hindus, the majority of whom were Pandits. Scholar Alexander Evans estimates by 1990, there would have been 160,000–170,000 Pandits in the Kashmir Valley. Following the 1989 insurgency, a great majority of Pandits felt threatened and left the Kashmir Valley to other parts of India.
Additionally, he referred Kashmiri Pandits as "mukhbir" or informers of the Indian government.
Post-1989, Kashmiri Pandits and other minority groups in Jammu and Kashmir have been targets of jihadi elements which India alleges and blames on the Inter-Services Intelligence. The Kashmiri Pandits, a community of Hindu Brahmins, then comprising 5% of the population of the state were the primary targets of Islamic militants, who also sought to also eliminate Kashmir's record of 5000 years of Hindu Sanskrit culture and scholarship as well as the tolerant indigenous multiculturalism referred to as Kashmiriyat. As many as 170,000 Kashmiri Pandits are estimated to have fled the state due to being targeted and threatened by militant groups. In 1989, attacks on Pandits escalated and Muslim paramilitaries selectively raped, tortured and killed Kashmiri Pandits, burnt their temples, idols and holy books.
Religious specialists, such as priests, vicars, rabbis, imams and pandits are involved in many religious actions.
It had been Hizbuls aim to drive out the rest of the pandits in the valley.
Also, there are pandits in the village. Mr Sudhir rao is the bodybuilder of Pandwala Kalan who won the Mr India championship in 2014. There are also two gotra of pandits: vats, bhardwaj. These are most literate people in the village having first gazetted officer rt.
Prasanna Warrior. She is currently studying under Padma Bhushan Pandits Rajan and Sajan Mishra of Benaras Gharana.
The Indian Sociological Society gave him the Lifetime Achievement Award in 2008. His most noted work is Family and Kinship among the Pandits of Rural Kashmir (1966, 1989) Madan, T.N. (1989) Family and Kinship among the Pandits of Rural Kashmir. Second and enlarged edition. Delhi, Oxford University Press.
In 1990, the Islamic militant organisation Hizbul Mujahideen, through the columns of an Urdu daily Aftab, warned Kashmiri Pandits to leave the valley within 36 hours. Bal Thackeray got seats reserved in engineering colleges for the children of these Kashmiri Pandits in Maharashtra. He was one of the first persons to help them after which Punjab also followed suit. At a meeting with them he supported the idea that the Kashmiri Pandits could be armed for their self-defence against the Jihadis.
During the eruption of militancy in Kashmir valley, terrorism by majority sect specifically targeted the Hindu Kashmiri Pandits minority and violated their human rights.Paradise lost. BBC news. Reports by Indian government state 219 Kashmiri pandits were killed and around 140,000 migrated due to militancy while over 3000 stayed in the valley.
Kalusa or Kaloosa is a village in Bandipore, Jammu and Kashmir, India. About 72 families of Kashmiri Pandits lived in this village immediately before the mass exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from Kashmir. Presently as of January 2009, only about 4 Kashmiri Pandit families live there. The rest of the population are Kashmiri Muslims.
Two prominent Kashmiri Pandits, performance artist Inder Salim and theatre personality M. K. Raina, delivered a speech at the gathering.
All India Kashmiri Samaj (AIKS) is an organisation for Kashmiri Pandits created to voice the issues associated with the Kashmiri Pandit diaspora.
The temple is served by Gujar Gaur clan of pandits residing in Diggi. According to a "Pandi" being preserved by the clan.
According to M. K. Kaw (2001), Kashmiri Pandits, a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community hold the highest social status in Kashmir.
The US government has reported on the terrorist threat to Pandits still living in the Kashmir region. The alleged rigging of the 1987 Assembly Elections by the ruling party, National Conference, saw the rise of an armed rebellion among Kashmiris associated with the Muslim United Front (MUF), a conglomerate of several Muslim political organisations opposed to National Conference. During the eruption of the armed rebellion, the insurgents are reported to have specifically targeted the Pandits, with torture and killings. Reports by Indian government state that 219 Kashmiri Pandits were killed from 1989 to 2004 and around migrated due to militancy while over 3000 stayed in the valley The local organisation of Pandits in Kashmir, Kashmir Pandit Sangharsh Samiti after carrying out a survey in 2008 and 2009, claimed that 399 Kashmiri Pandits were killed by insurgents from 1990 to 2011 with 75% of them being killed during the first year of the Kashmiri insurgency. Motilal Bhat, the president of the Pandit Hindu Welfare Society, rejected the figure of 399 killed and said that only 219 were killed.
The local organisation of Pandits in Kashmir, Kashmir Pandit Sangharsh Samiti claimed that 399 Kashmiri Pandits were killed by insurgents. Al Jazeera states that 650 Pandits were murdered by militants. Human Rights Watch also blamed Pakistan for supporting militants in Kashmir, in same 2006 report it says, "There is considerable evidence that over many years Pakistan has provided Kashmiri militants with training, weapons, funding and sanctuary. Pakistan remains accountable for abuses committed by militants that it has armed and trained." The violence was condemned and labelled as ethnic cleansing in a 2006 resolution passed by the United States Congress.
Chandar throws their feed to them. Binti wishes this remains the same. At night, Pandits were praying. Chandar comes with Mr. Shukla and Sudha.
The first phase (beginning in 1772 and ending in 1864) is marked by three main events: translation of the Dharmaśāstras by British scholar-administrators, the use of court pandits to define laws and rules, and the rise of case law. The second phase (from 1864 to 1947) is marked by the dismissal of court pandits, the rise of legislative processes, and a codified law system.
Kashmiri separatists believe that the then Governor Jagmohan encouraged the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from the Valley by deliberately creating an atmosphere of paranoia. This, they claim, was done to "facilitate the counter-insurgency" operations and suppressing the anti-Indian uprising in Kashmir. The mass migration of Kashmiri Pandits from the Valley started on 19 January 1990 immediately preceding the first massacre of Kashmiri Muslims at Gawakadal.
Mount Harmukh Harmukh is traditionally revered by Kashmiri Pandits and in 2009 there was an attempt by them to revive pilgrimages to the site. The Mata Kheerbhawani temple shrine in Srinagar, considered one of the holiest Hindu shrines, saw the largest gathering of Kashmiri Pandits in the Kashmir valley in 2012. The shrine is located in Tullamulla village, 24 km from Srinagar in Ganderbal district.
As of 2005, it is estimated that between 250,000 and 300,000 pandits have migrated outside Kashmir since the 1990s due to persecution by Islamic fundamentalists in the largest case of ethnic cleansing since the partition of India. The proportion of Kashmiri Pandits in the Kashmir valley has declined from about 15% in 1947 to, by some estimates, less than 0.1% since the insurgency in Kashmir took on a religious and sectarian flavour. Many Kashmiri Pandits have been killed by Islamist militants in incidents such as the Wandhama massacre and the 2000 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre. The incidents of massacring and forced eviction have been termed ethnic cleansing by some observers.
Village Akingam used to have Kashmiri Pandits Bhand performers but they left the village in 1990. The people of Akingam are deeply Sufi and philosophical in outlook.
Some of the pandits who participated became jealous of Shri Vallabh and wanted to test Him. The next day was Ekadashi, a fasting day where one must fast from grains. The pandits gave Shri Vallabh rice Prasad of Shri Jagannathji (The temple is famous for this). If Shri Vallabh ate it, He would break His vow of fasting but if He did not take it, He would disrespect Lord Jagannath.
The chief perpetrators were the Jammu & Kashmir Liberation Front and the Hizbul Mujahideen. Migration continued until a vast majority of the Kashmiri Pandits were evicted out of the valley after having suffered many acts of violence, including sexual assault on women, arson, torture and extortion of property. Some of the separatist leaders in Kashmir reject these allegations. The Indian government is attempting to reinstate the displaced Pandits in Kashmir.
The Kashmiri Pandits (also known as Kashmiri Brahmins) are a group of Kashmiri Hindus and a part of the larger Shaivite Saraswat Brahmin community. They belong to the Pancha (five) Gauda Brahmana groups. from the Kashmir Valley, a mountainous region in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Kashmiri Pandits originally lived in the Kashmir Valley before Muslim influence entered the region after which large numbers converted to Islam.
It is basically about the Hindu law of inheritance (Manusmriti). The Pandits and the Maulvis were associated with judges to understand the civil law of Hindus and Muslims.
Baikunth Nath Sharga argues that, despite the etymological similarities between Kashmiri and Jewish surnames, the Kashmiri Pandits are of Indo-Aryan descent while the Jews are of Semitic descent.
He is a sharp minded and highly intellectual person. He has defeated poets and Pandits with his knowledge. He is a son of Brahmin. The second one is Kapila.
Gaad Baat (literally meaning 'Fish and Rice') is another festival for Kashmiri Pandits which focusses on the dependence of Kashmiri Pandit festivals on the sacrificial offerings. This ritual is basically for the Guardian of the House, locally called as Gar Divta, for which the sacrificial offering of fish is offered. According to Kashmiri Pandits, Gar Divta has been perceived by many acts. Some people were even said to have communicated with Him.
Telugu literature flourished during the reign of Nayakas in Tanjavur which was referred to as Southern School of Telugu Literature. Many Telugu Musicians and Pandits were part of their court.
The film is based on the Wandhama Massacre, where several Kashmiri Pandits were killed by militants before Republic Day on 26 January and focuses on a family that was massacred.
Several Indian pandits were consulted before the translation began. A committee of three Tibetan translators who had definitely been translating during the reign of Sadnalegs, 'Bro Ka.ba dPal.brtsegs, Cog.ro kLu'i rgyal.
Economic and Political Weekly, Volume 29, Number 33, pp.2145-2161. Due to discrepancies in opinions of pandits on the same matter, the East India Company began training pandits for its own legal service leading to the setting up of a Sanskrit College in Banaras and Calcutta, to help them arrive at a definitive idea of the Indian legal system. It is from here that the Hindu Personal Law had its beginnings; and more appropriately so in 1772, when Warren Hastings appointed ten Brahmin pandits from Bengal to compile a digest of the Hindu scriptural law in four main civil matters—marriage, divorce, inheritance and succession.The Hindu Personal Laws underwent major reforms over a period of time, and created social and political controversies throughout India.
However, it is clear from what we have said above that there is difference in the way Shivaratri is celebrated by the Kashmiri Pandits and by Hindus elsewhere in the country. The Pandits not only celebrate it as Bhairavotsava one day earlier but also perform quite different rituals. Further, the tradition among Hindus in general is to strictly observe a fast on the Shiva Chaturdashi day. Even taking fruit or betel leaf is considered as violation of the fast.
Henzae is an ancient traditional form of singing practised by Kashmiri Pandits at their festivals. It appears to have archaic features that suggest it is the oldest form of Kashmiri folk singing.
Our Moon has Blood Clots : The Exodus of the Kashmiri Pandits is a 2013 memoir by Indian author Rahul Pandita about the exodus of Kashmiri Hindus in the late 1989 and early 1990.
Curious about India, Biardeau joined the University of Travancore for two years in the 1950s, and studied Sanskrit texts with pandits. She visited India almost every year until the 1990s, and worked closely with pandits at the Deccan College (Pune) and the French Institute of Pondicherry. She visited places of worship in towns and villages, surveying people from different castes and collecting information about the various cults and rituals. Meanwhile, she also taught at the École pratique des hautes études.
The royal anointing ceremony (พระราชพิธีถวายน้ำอภิเษก) begins after the king is changed into his regal vestments. This elaborate and highly decorated traditional Thai costume is composed of a golden embroidered jacket, traditional silk shirt and pha nung lower garment. The king proceeds from his private apartments to the Octagonal Throne, at the east end of the Phaisan Thaksin hall, led by royal pandits and Brahmins in a specific order. King Prajadhipok shown on the Octagonal Throne, receiving homage from royal pandits, 1926.
While constructing the original temple of Nalanda in Bhutan, Gyalwang Shakya Rinchen Rinpoche saw eight men from India in a small valley next to the building site. He realised that these eight Indians must be the eight scholars (pandits) of the original Nalanda University in India. When he went to find them to see if this was true, they had disappeared. The disappearance of the Indians was taken as confirmation that these indeed were the great eight scholars (pandits) of Nalanda University.
Due to rising insurgency and Islamic militancy in the Kashmir Valley, Kashmiri Pandits were forced to flee the valley. They were targeted by militant groups such as the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front, Lashkar-e-Taiba, and Jaish-e- Mohammed. On 4 January 1990, Srinagar based newspaper Aftab released a message, threatening all Hindus to leave Kashmir immediately, sourcing it to the militant organization Hizbul Mujahideen. In the preceding months, around 300 Hindu men and women, Kashmiri Pandits, had been slaughtered and women raped.
The king of Sakti, Raja Bahadur Leeladhar Singh"Case of Sakti King's Succession""Court Stamp of Sakti state" father of Raja Surender Bahadur Singh"Sakti State History" once brought Pandits from Kashi and tried that the writings be deciphered. However, the Pandits could not succeed and the king in anger fired gunshot on the writing which damaged some of the writing area. However, now government has put a tin shed above the writing of the rocks to preserve the writings.
The two surnames have a common origin, but the reason for their difference between the two is not settled. One theory suggests that the difference stems from the forms of Kashmiri spoken by Kashmiri Pandits and Muslims. Before the Sanskritisation and Persianisation of the Kashmiri language, it used the Sharada script, and the surname had a common pronunciation. When Sanskritised Kashmiri became more widely spoken by Kashmiri Pandits and Persianised Kashmiri by Kashmiri Muslims, the surnames developed a difference in pronunciation.
In the Kashmir region, approximately 300 Kashmiri Pandits were killed between September 1989 to 1990 in various incidents. In early 1990, local Urdu newspapers Aftab and Al Safa called upon Kashmiris to wage jihad against India and ordered the expulsion of all Hindus choosing to remain in Kashmir. In the following days masked men ran in the streets with AK-47 shooting to kill Hindus who would not leave. Notices were placed on the houses of all Hindus, telling them to leave within 24 hours or die. Since March 1990, estimates of between 300,000 and 500,000 pandits have migrated outside KashmirKashmir's Pandits accuse Election Commission of discrimination against them OneIndia – 4 May 2009 due to persecution by Islamic fundamentalists in the largest case of ethnic cleansing since the partition of India.
It is believed that Syed Ali Asghar Rizvi is the great grandfather of Rizvi's in Chholas. Demographically Cholas is inhabited by Shia Sayed majority along ANSARIS (The helpers), Pandits, OBC, Dalits and other Sunni Muslims.
Nevertheless, Kamrupi pandits like Shyamal Choudhury, Amrit Bhushan Adhikary and Kaliram Medhi objected the imposition of eastern Assamese as official language of entire valley, especially in Kamrup due to distinctness and antiquity of Kamrupi language.
Bhatkhande traveled throughout India, meeting with ustads and pandits, and researching music. He began the study of ancient texts such as the Natya Shastra and Sangeet Ratnakara.Learn the Lingo – DELI. The Hindu (30 March 2007).
The trip started with the chanting of Vedas by two pandits, but soon the musicians brought out their instruments. The Beatles sang Donovan's songs, while Love and Donovan sang Beatles songs, and Horn played flute.
Many Kashmiri Pandits have been killed by Islamist militants in incidents such as the Wandhama massacre and the 2000 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre. The incidents of massacring and forced eviction have been termed ethnic cleansing by some observers.
Astrologers made this moment as the basis of their calculations of the nava varsha pratipada, marking the beginning of the Saptarshi Era. Before their exodus Kashmiri Pandits would flock to Hari Parbat in thousands to celebrate Navreh.
Many Brahmin scholars and common people had to leave Nabadwip at that time due to the oppression of the king. However, when Chand Kazi, the then ruler of Nabadwip, issued an order to the Vaishnava community to stop chanting, Mahaprabhu went to Kazi's house with his companion and rescued Kazi, which is the first instance of lawlessness movement in the history of India. During Chaitanya and later, various Pandits-Sadhaks-Vidyalankars and Sanskrit Pandits were born in Nabadwip. During the period of Chaitanya, Basudev Sarvabhauma, Raghunath Shiromani, Raghunandan etc.
The second type of shaant ceremony Munda Shau is difficult to arrange in comparison to Khura shau as it involves hundred heads of animals. The shaant festival held at hanol in Jaunsar-Bawar region in Uttarakhand was arranged after about one hundred years. About fifty- two village gods(Gram Devtas) attended the shaant festival. According to Pandit Devi Ram of Maneoti, tehsil chopal, who was among the pandits performing puja during the ceremony, told the eleven pandits conducted the puja during the ceremony in the temple for five days.
Guru Tegh Bahadur aided Kashmiri Pandits in avoiding conversion to Islam and was arrested by Aurangzeb. When offered a choice between conversion to Islam and death, he chose to die rather than compromise his principles and was executed.
Pir Bavasi Majar is situated there now. In 1858 (Vikram Samvat 1914), Takhatgarh's Janma-Patrika prepared by Pandits and pond, cremation place, temples etc. established according to the Vastu. So now the town is about 150 years old.
With the abrogation of Article 370 in Jammu and Kashmir, the script has been changed to suit the current scenario and new scenes were shot reflecting the aspirations of Kashmiri Pandits. The film was released on 18 October 2019.
The town had the decent population of Kashmiri Pandits before their exile in last decade of twentieth century. The town is named after the name Karan. At present Muslims dominate the population of the area at an estimated percentage of 99.9%.
Every year the day of Bhagwati ji is celebrated with religious zeal and fervour. Kashmiri migrant pandits come from diffenent parts of country to celebrate this day. But this celebration has lost the glamour it used to have in the past .
Madhyandina Shakha is a shakha (branch) of Shukla Yajurveda. This branch includes Madhyandina Samhita, Madhyandina Shatapatha Brahmana, Ishavasya Upanishad and Brihadaranyaka Upanishad. Recitation of this Shakha is prevalent over most of North India, Maharashtra and among Veda pandits of Gujarat.
Pandits from an early age were trained to memorize hymns in order to chant them during rituals and ceremonies without aid. Receiving assistance to remember hymns and chants was frowned upon, and were only expected to recite the hymns through memory.
Vishansar is the shortened word for Vishnusar. This lake holds great importance for Kashmiri Pandits. Vishansar in Kashmiri means the lake of Vishnu is home to many types of fishes among of which is the brown trout. It freezes during winter.
While in service, Kaw was instrumental in pushing for the reservation of seats for Kashmiri Pandits in educational institutions in the wake of the Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus. From 2003 to 2009, he served as President of the All India Kashmiri Samaj and was instrumental in pushing for the Prime Ministerial Employment Package for displaced Kashmiri Pandits. A longtime devotee of Sathya Sai Baba, he served as the Dean of the Sri Sathya Sai International Centre for human values. He also served on a number of government advisory committees, particularly in the field of higher education.
As a librarian of the Asiatic Society, Rajendralal was charged with cataloging Indic manuscripts that were collected by the Pandits of the Society. He, along with several other scholars, followed a central theme of European Renaissance that emphasised the collection of ancient texts (puthi) followed by their translation into the lingua franca. A variety of Indic texts, along with extensive commentaries, were published, especially in Bibliotheca Indica, and many were subsequently translated into English. Mitra's instructions for the Pandits to copy the texts verbatim and abide by the concept of varia lectio (different readings) has been favourably critiqued.
Colonial Hindu legal code marks a large span of nearly two-hundred years, beginning in 1772 and ending in 1947. This time period can be split into two main phases. The first phase, starting in 1772 and ending in 1864, is marked with three main proponents that include the translations of the dharmasastras by the British scholar administrators, the use of court pandits to define laws and rules, and the rise of case law. The second phase, starting in 1864 and ending in 1947, is marked by the dismissal of court pandits, rise of the legislative processes, and a codified law system.
Reports from Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch and the International Commission of Jurists confirmed Indian reports of systematic human rights violations by Pakistan-backed militants. According to a report published by Asia Watch: According to a resolution passed by the United States Congress in 2006, Islamic terrorists infiltrated the region in 1989 and forced most of the Kashmiri Pandits to flee Kashmir. According to the report, the population of Kashmiri Pandits in Kashmir had declined from 400,000 in 1989 to 4,000 in 2011. These groups targeted the Hindus in the Kashmir valley forcing an estimated 100,000 to flee.
Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya, who was one of the most distinguished Sanskrit scholars in India, was born on 22 February 1836 to a Kulin Brahmin family of the highest rank, the Bhattacharyya family of Narit, which has long been distinguished for the zealous cultivation of Sanskrit learning, and the number of learned Pandits it has produced. His father, Harinarayan Tarkasiddhanta, and his two uncles, Guruprasad Tarkapanchanan and Thakurdas Churamani, were eminent Pandits. His elder brother, Pandit Madhab Chandra Sarbabhauma, was the Sabha Pandit of Mahishadal Raj. In 1848, he married Mandakini, the daughter of Pandit Ram Chand Tarkabagis, in Jehanabad, Hooghly.
Expressing the sense of Congress that the Government of the Republic of India and the State Government of Jammu and Kashmir should take immediate steps to remedy the situation of the Kashmiri Pandits and should act to ensure the physical, political, and economic security of this embattled community. HR Resolution 344, United States House of Representatives, 15 February 2006 It stated that the Islamic terrorists infiltrated the region in 1989 and began an ethnic cleansing campaign to convert Kashmir into a Muslim state. According to the same resolution, since then nearly 400,000 Pandits were either murdered or forced to leave their ancestral homes.
Pro-India politician Abdul Rashid says Pandits forced the migration on themselves so Muslims can be killed. He says the plan was to leave Muslims alone and bulldoze them freely. The CIA has reported that at least 506,000 people from Indian Administered Kashmir are internally displaced, about half of who are Hindu Pandits. The United Nations Commission on Human Rights (UNCR) reports that there are roughly 1.5 million refugees from Indian-administered Kashmir, the bulk of who arrived in Pakistan- administered Kashmir and in Pakistan after the situation on the Indian side worsened in 1989 insurgency.
Before the Kashmir conflict, Kailash Mehra Sadhu used to be a reasonably well-known singer known for her bhajans and hymns. These hymns gained popularity after the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits, after her collaboration with the Kashmir Overseas Association of the USA.
They dominated the intellectual life of the city and established an important presence at the Mughal and other north Indian courts.O'HANLON, Rosalind, 2010. Letters home: Banaras pandits and the Maratha regions in early modern India. Modern Asian Studies, 44(2), pp.201-240.
Also, a large community of displaced Pandits from the Kashmir Valley settled up here under their rehabilitation plan, starting from the early nineties. Thus, it came to be a middle-class haven and is today a bustling locality with a vibrant cultural life.
India census, Chikkerur had a population of 6820 with 3515 males and 3305 females. Village having many archeological evidences of Sanskrit Pandits and ancient Sanskrit school to train up pupils from Mysuru palace A renowned Veterinary Scientist Dr.Mohankumar Shettar born in this village.
Pammi says to Sudha that she will suffer much sadness in life with this attitude. They travel back. Sudha distributes sweets among the Pandits for Chandar's birthday. She tells them that there is no one to take care and distribute sweet for Chandar.
However, during the 20th century most Maithili writers gradually adopted Devanagari script for Maithili. Some traditional pandits still use Tirhutā or Mithilākshara script for pātā (ceremonial letters related to important functions, such as marriage). Fonts for this script were developed in 2003.
The leaderless protest became politicized and was generally against the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government. The protesters also supported unions opposing the government's anti-labour policies and protested against recent happenings such as the 2020 JNU Attack, and showed solidarity with Kashmiri Pandits.
People mostly follow Islam. There is a shrine of Baba Naseeb Din Gazi who was basically from Iraq. There was once majority of Kashmiri Pandits who migrated to other places during the terrorism in the late 1980s and continued till the 1990s.
One reason of the splits was mostly that a former president did not accept his loss in the elections, which are regularly held in the Ārya Samāj and started a new organization. Another reason was that the Arya Pratinidhi Sabha of Trinidad had the policy to expel pandits who had committed adultery. Often these pandits joined with the opponents of the board and were willing to continue their services in the new organization. The splits were, however, bad for the development of the Ārya Samāj in Trinidad and they are, according to Richard Huntington Forbes, one of the reasons that the number of Ārya Samājīs in Trinidad gradually has diminished.
Sundarangadan visits a research centre and listens to the words of pandits. One of them reads out the five maxims of life which Sundarangadan does not accept, and argues with the pandits before deciding to evaluate their validity. Instead of pursuing his business goal, Sundarangadan returns to Sundarapuri to verify the merits of the maxims, but his father again sends him away and prohibits him from returning without riches, convincing Sundarangadan that the first maxim (a father cares only for the riches earned by his son) is true. Sundarangadan visits his mother who warmly welcomes him and is upset to know the reaction of his father.
In 1989, attacks on Kashmiri Hindus escalated and Muslim insurgents selectively raped, tortured and killed Kashmiri Pandits, burnt their temples, idols and holy books. The Pandits fled en masse from the state after which their houses were burnt by militants and their artwork and sculptures were destroyed. While cases of systematic rape of Kashmiri Muslim women by the Indian military are well documented, the details and scale of sexual violence against Kashmiri Pandit women remain yet to be researched. According to Human Rights Watch, despite threats by Islamist groups to women since 1990, reports of rape by militants were rare in the early years of the conflict.
According to a Hindu American Foundation report, the rights and religious freedom of Kashmiri Hindus have been severely curtailed since 1989, when there was an organised and systematic campaign by Islamist militants to cleanse Hindus from Kashmir. Less than 4,000 Kashmiri Hindus remain in the valley, reportedly living with daily threats of violence and terrorism. Sanjay Tickoo, who heads the KPSS, an organisation which looks after Pandits who remain in the Valley, says the situation is complex. On one hand the community did face intimidation and violence but on the other hand he says there was no genocide or mass murder as suggested by Pandits who are based outside of Kashmir.
India has constantly maintained the position of blaming Pakistan for supplying these groups with logistical support, arms, recruits and training. Militants in Kashmir reportedly tortured and killed local Kashmiri Pandits, forcing them to leave Kashmir in large numbers. Around 90% of the Kashmiri Pandits left Kashmir during the 1990s, resulting in the ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Hindus. On 21 May 1991, while former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi campaigned in Tamil Nadu on behalf of Congress (Indira), a Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) female suicide bomber assassinated him and many others by setting off the bomb in her belt by leaning forward while garlanding him.
Another name for the hill is Pradyumna Peeth.Origin It is considered sacred by the Kashmiri Pandits and hosts a temple of Shakti, who is worshipped there under the name Jagadamba Sharika Bhagawati (or simply Sharika) and depicted as having 18 arms and sitting in Shri Chakra.
An alternative theory suggests that with the advent of Islam in Kashmir, new Muslims modified their surnames to differentiate themselves from Kashmiri Pandits. A weakness of this theory, however, is that Kashmiri Muslims use Muslim forenames, which would have clearly differentiated their names from Hindu names.
This led to many fascinating discussions with learned pandits. In 1920 he founded the organisation Adhyatma Prakasha Karyalaya, which is still very active today. He was initiated into sannyasa in 1948. As a sannyasi, Satchidanandendra Swamiji lived a very simple and secluded life at his small ashram in Holenarsipur.
The festival features great masters and emerging musicians artists like Ustad Amjad Ali Khan, Pandits Rajan & Sajan Mishra , Shubha Mudgal, Aruna Sairam, Sanjay Subramanyan, Nildari Kumar, Rakesh Chaurasia, Kaushiki Chakraborty, Ronu Majumdar, Pandit Jasraj, Pandit Venkatesh Kumar, Pandit Ulhas Kashalkar, Kala Ramnath, Prabha Atre, Sudha Ragunathan and Roopa Panesar.
The Kashmiri Pandits: An Ethnic Cleansing the World Forgot, South Asia Terrorism Portal. Retrieved 10 March 2009. Archived 11 May 2009. Following the massacre Government of Jammu and Kashmir provided 2-room flats to Kashmiri Hindus in a colony exclusively built for them in Sheikhpora in Budgam District.
Mattan had a Hindu majority and spiritual history but after mass migration of kashmiri pandits that ratio declined. Mattan has produced well known writers and artists like Prem Nath Bazaz, M.K santoshi, M.K Bharat, Deepak Sidha, Nitish Kichloo, Rajinder tickoo and Shanti Lal Sidh to name a few.
The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, p. 768. He is a founder of Panun Kashmir ("Our Kashmir"), a group that advocates for the cultural rights of Pandits and a homeland.Kabir, Territory of Desire, p. 167. He views pre-Islamic culture as a source for contemporary Pandit identity.
Colonels Colony is an area in Jammu within the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is surrounded by Talab Tillo Road, Camp Road and Anand Nagar. The population is around 3,000. Most residents are Hindus—Dogra people and Kashmiri Pandits—along with a very small Muslim population.
From 1994 to 1998, the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front were accused of ethnic cleansing by using murder, arson and rape as a weapon of war to drive out hundreds of thousands of Pandits from the region. On 25 January 1998, 23 Kashmiri Pandits, including nine women and four young children living in the village of Wandhama, were killed by unknown persons wearing the uniforms of Indian Army soldiers, who had tea with them, waiting for a radio message indicating that all Pandit families in the village had been covered. Thereafter, they rounded up all the members of the Hindu households and then summarily gunned them down with Kalashnikov rifles."23 Kashmiri Hindus Gunned Down on Republic Day Eve".
The displaced Pandits, many of whom continue to live in temporary refugee camps in Jammu and Delhi, are still unable to safely return to their homeland. The lead in this act of ethnic cleansing was initially taken by the Jammu & Kashmir Liberation Front and the Hizbul Mujahideen. According to Indian media, all this happened at the instigation of Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) by a group of Kashmiri terrorist elements who were trained, armed and motivated by the ISI. Reportedly, organisations trained and armed by the ISI continued this ethnic cleansing until practically all the Kashmiri Pandits were driven out after having been subjected to numerous indignities and brutalities such as rape, torture, forcible seizure of property etc.
Ranbir Singh followed the footsteps of Zain-ul-Abidin and Avantivarman, who were former rulers of Kashmir. He employed pandits and maulvis to translate and transliterate religious texts. Sir Aurel Stein catalogued 5,000 such works. Besides religious books, books on medical sciences were also translated into Urdu, Dogri and Hindi.
A significant number of beautifully crafted Buddhist bronzes have survived. A Buddhist bhikshu was present in Baramulla in the 13th century. The Kashmiri Pandits still worship the triratna symbol. After the Islamization of Kashmir by sultans like Sikandar Butshikan, much of Hinduism was gone and a little of Buddhism remained.
The proportion of Kashmiri Pandits in the Kashmir valley has declined from about 15% in 1947 to, by some estimates, less than 0.1% since the insurgency in Kashmir took on a religious and sectarian flavour.Kashmir: The scarred and the beautiful. New York Review of Books, 1 May 2008, p. 14.
Browns fan Neel Kashkari hopes to topple California Gov. Jerry Brown. The Plain Dealer, February 11, 2014. Accessed February 11, 2014. His parents are Hindu Kashmiri Pandits who were born and raised in Srinagar in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir and immigrated to the United States in 1964.
The poem "Mahavipada" ("Great Trouble"), from the "Displaced Kashmir" section, criticizes the camps into which displaced Pandits were settled.Kabir, Territory of Desire, p. 166–167. Agnishekhar also contributed to the screenplay for the "Bollywood-style" movie Sheen, which uses Pandit displacement as the context of a love story.Kabir, Territory of Desire, p. 170.
The report of the working group was adopted by the Third Round Table in April 2007. Among other things, the report advocates recognizing the right of Kashmiri Pandits to return to "places of their original residence". This right, it argued, should be recognized without any ambiguity and made a part of state policy.
The Hindu Kashmiri Pandits, a small but prominent group, had been a favoured section of the population during Dogra rule (1846–1947). About 20 per cent of whom had left the Kashmir valley by 1950 after the land reforms. Quote: "Since a majority of the landlords were Hindu, the (land) reforms (of 1950) led to a mass exodus of Hindus from the state. ... The unsettled nature of Kashmir's accession to India, coupled with the threat of economic and social decline in the face of the land reforms, led to increasing insecurity among the Hindus in Jammu, and among Kashmiri Pandits, 20 per cent of whom had emigrated from the Valley by 1950." began to leave in much greater numbers in the 1990s.
According to a number of authors, approximately 100,000 of the total Kashmiri Pandit population of 140,000 left the valley during that decade., , Quote: "The Hindu Pandits, a small but influential elite community who had secured a favourable position, first under the maharajas, and then under the successive Congress regimes, and proponents of a distinctive Kashmiri culture that linked them to India, felt under siege as the uprising gathered force. Of a population of some 140,000, perhaps 100,000 Pandits fled the state after 1990; their cause was quickly taken up by the Hindu right." Other authors have suggested a higher figure for the exodus, ranging from the entire population of over 150,000, to 190,000 of a total Pandit population of 200,000, to a number as high as 253,000.
On 19 January 2020, the protesters at Shaheen Bagh called for a meeting in solidarity with the Kashmiri Pandits, who were the victims of the exodus in Kashmir. This was observed after a controversial tweet by filmmaker Vivek Agnihotri went viral, claiming that the protesters of Shaheen Bagh would organise an event to celebrate "Kashmiri Hindu Genocide day" on that day, which the official Twitter handle of Shaheen Bagh debunked. A statement was released which clarified that "malicious elements" were circulating false information on social media, and that the event was not to commemorate the exodus. The protesters also recognised the "injustice done" to the Kashmiri Pandits and invited them to the Shaheen Bagh protest site, where they observed a two- minute silence in solidarity.
Manjula Narayan of Hindustan Times wrote: "The form contributes to much of the power of this book that speaks of the pain of fleeing a beloved home, incorporates moving descriptions of rituals specific to the Shaivite Pandits, and weaves in oral histories and snatches of poetry from, among others, Lal Ded and Agha Shahid Ali". Soutik Biswas of Mint gave a positive review and said, "Pandita writes evocatively about passing trucks filled with scared Pandits escaping to Jammu, the women “herded like cattle”, and a man showing the family his fist and wishing them death." He however felt that journalism was the "weakest link in what is a largely engaging memoir." Amberish K Diwanji of Daily News and Analysis wrote that the book "makes for difficult reading".
The people of Sialkot were very happy and they celebrated his birth. The palace was decorated with lights for many weeks. People visited to see the palace from all parts of the country. On the advice of some local pandits astrologers and palmists, the young Prince's name was chosen to be Puran (as Poo-rann).
Hoare founded the St. John's Diocesan Girls' Higher Secondary School, Calcutta, West Bengal, India. She started many other educational institutions in India. She used to work by taking suggestions and interacting with various native clergymen and pandits to draw out an educational plan. She avoided anglicising the girls or introducing foreign dress or habits.
Explore Kashmiri Pandits In Gujarat, the regional year commences with the lunar month of Kartika after Diwali.S. Balachandra Rao. Indian Astronomy: An Introduction The solar element of lunisolar calendars begin the year in VaisakhaP. Kenneth Seidelmann (2005) Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac on Mesha Sankranti hence why the day is also called Vaisakha Sankranti.
Upanyasa or Pravachanas focus on Sanskrit and Tamil texts. Music is used sparingly to recite the shlokas. Reading the shloka and presenting its meaning is the method used by pravachan pandits. The 19th-century Paruthiyur Krishna Sastri provided interpretation and commentary for each verse; creating a new style, he is considered the father of pravachans.
Regmi Research report The inscription in stone says: Chaitra Badi 7, 1887 (44/221-22). Royal order to Naran Rosyara: Jotisi - Astrology and cultural advisory is Rosyara Family Tradition Doti district was historically a separate country ruled by the Shah family. Rosyara are pandits of the Shah family. This Shah family is different from the current King of Nepal.
Cabinet approves the proposal to provide State Government jobs and transit accommodations in the Kashmir Valley for the rehabilitation of Kashmiri migrants , Government of India, Press Information Bureau, 18 November 2015. Most families were resettled in Jammu, National Capital Region surrounding Delhi and other neighbouring states.Rehabilitation of Kashmiri Pandits , Government of India, Press Information Bureau, 15 July 2014.
According to the TM movement, the "auspicious" Brahmasthan (center point) of India is near Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh.Brahmasthan of India The site has MVA housing for thousands of pandits who perform Vedic chants. The MVA design is said to amplify the power of their peace-promoting rituals. The project is overseen by Girish Varma, one of the Maharishi's nephews.
Gurukula Patasala also Andhra Pradesh Residential School is a boarding school run by the Government of Andhra Pradesh. The kids not only study, but also live amongst their peers from 5th grade to 10th grade schooling.In gurukuls students learn in traditional way like the way in which pandits studied in asharams. They are rich in heritage.
Sikhism is the most prominent religion of the town. Other minorities includes Hinduism and Jainism. Bhullar Jatts and Shukla Pandits were the original inhabitants of the town when it was founded as a village. There were few Muslim households, who migrated elsewhere during the 1947 Partition of India and up until 1955 there was a Mosque as well.
There are four stories but the characters are interwoven with each story. "Abhimanyu" is based on child abuse, "Omar" on gay rights, "Megha" is about Kashmiri Pandits and "Afia" deals with sperm donation. I Am was released with subtitles in all regions as six different languages are spoken in the film: Hindi, English, Kannada, Marathi, Bengali and Kashmiri.
The Watal are a found in Jammu and Kashmir. The last name 'Watal'or 'Wattal' or 'Atal' is also used by Kashmiri Pandits, the Brahmin Hindu community from the Kashmir Valley. The term 'Watal' also means cobbler in Kashmiri language. The community is also known as Batal, Battal, and Batul, and have been granted Scheduled Caste status.
Doti district was historically a separate country ruled by the Shah family.2 Rosyara are pandits of the Shah family. The Shah family of Doti district is different from the current King of Nepal. Doti was independent after 1376 extended from Kali Kumaon in west to Karnali in the east, Thakurji in the North and the terai in South.
The largest community caste of Kashmiri Hindus are the Kashmiri Pandits (Kashmiri Brahmins), who are divided into several gotras, such as the priests ("gor" or "bhasha Bhatta"), astrologers ("Zutshi"), and workers ("Karkun"). The majority of Kashmiris who belong to the kshatriya varna use the surname Gourtra. The Wani are historically Banias, with subcastes, such as the Kesarwani.
These group of Brahmins have Harihara worship and Bhuvaneshwari worship as family tradition. Goddess Bhuvaneshvari is regarded as their Kula devi. Many Odia Devi Mahatmya Pandits also belong to this sub group. The revival of Utkala Brahmins is attributed to Pandit Shri Sadashiva Rathasharma who in mid 20th century re-established the Sanskrit education in around Odisha.
The initial generations stayed higher up on the Gorir mountain. Later generations stepped down to the open grounds when they noticed no threat to their lives. Over the years, people from other castes joined Gorir to provide services Jats needed. Carpenter, barbers, kumhars and even upper caste pandits and banias took up residence in the village.
A large number settled in the Jammu Division of the State and the National Capital Region of India. Some emigrated to other countries entirely. By 2011, only an estimated 2,700-3,400 Pandits remained in the Kashmir Valley. According to Indian government, more than 60,000 families are registered as Kashmiri migrants including some Sikh and Muslim families.
Farooq Ahmad Dar spread terror with his return from arms training in Pakistani Kashmir in 1990s. He was imprisoned for killings of Kashmiri Hindus and had participated in ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Pandits. His first victim was a young businessman Satish Kumar Tickoo, who was his close friend. Tickoo was shot by Dar in front of his house.
The Indian Army claims that 97% of the reports about the human rights abuse have been found to be "fake or motivated" based on the investigation performed by the Army. However, a report by the US State Department said, "Indian authorities use Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA) to avoid holding its security forces responsible for the deaths of civilians in Jammu and Kashmir." Militant violence led by the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front against 219 pandits according Jammu and Kashmir government sources has led to the migration of several hundred thousands of Kashmiri Hindu Pandits, who before their exodus comprised an estimated 10 -15% of the Kashmir valley's population. According to Asia Watch, the militant organisations forced the Hindus residing in the Kashmir valley to flee and become refugees in Delhi and Jammu.
While on a trip to Nainital, Geeta (Waheeda Rehman) meets Madan (Kamaljit) and falls in love with him. Madan is from Delhi and his father is a wealthy man. His mother played by Achla Sachdev is a superstitious woman who constantly gets poojas performed by pandits. Madan expresses his desire to marry Geeta and his parents agree to his request.
Kolte did pioneering work in the field of Mahanubhava literature. He researched about 20 ancient copper plates and stone inscriptions in Marathi, Prakrit, and Kannada languages. He decoded literature of Mahanubhav pandits, which they had written in an obscure code language in the 13th, 14th, 15th, and 16th century. He wrote exhaustive introductions to his books about the researched literature.
Dayanand Saraswati is recorded > to have been active since he was 14, which time he was able to recite > religious verses and teach about them. He was respected at the time for > taking part in religious debates. His debates were attended by large crowds. > On 22 October 1869 in Varanasi, where he won a debate against 27 scholars > and 12 expert pandits.
1997 Sangrampora massacre was the killing of seven Kashmiri Hindu villagers in Sangrampora village of Budgam district of Jammu and Kashmir on 21 March 1997 by Islamic militants.'The CRPF men guard their own lives', Rediff.com, 27 March 2003209 Kashmiri Pandits killed since 1989, say J-K cops in first report, The Indian Express, 5 May 2008. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
There are many villages near Parikshit Garh. Kailli rampur,Durveshpur, Ikla Rasoolpur, Khanpur, Bahadarpur, Behlolpur, Dabathala, Badhla, Rajpur, Poothi, Chitwana, Khatki, Dhanpura, Bali, Ramnagar, Allipur, Alampur, Edmadpur are some villages famous for their education level, employment and agriculture with prosperity. There are main crop like sugarcane, wheat, etc. Parikshit Garh area is covered by Gurjars, Bania (caste), Prajapatis , Pandits, Jat , Tyagis, goswami, Muslims.
It has a Muslim majority though there are a few villages where Pandits also lived before they were ethnically cleansed from the region. The Pandit population were in large numbers at Ajar, Sonerwani, Kaloosa, Kharapora, Mantrigam, Aragam etc. Some Pandit families at Ajar and Kaloosa did not migrate. The temple at Kaloosa, known as Sharda Mandir, dates back to old times.
When Indian scholars could not provide the texts that demonstrated this, European methods were used. After Jones announced that he intended to provide Hindus with their own laws through the mediation of English judges assisted by court appointed pandits, a legal code was in practice. The British sought consistency over time and this created a case law based on precedent.
In 1935 Panth Piploda was separated from Bombay. Panth-Piploda was a small tract of territory comprising only 10½ villages, which were held by five different thakurs. In 1765, the Peshwa of the Maratha Empire assigned the revenues from the villages to the family of Sambhaji Attaji, a Deshastha Brahmin. This ruling family was later known as the family of the Khandekar Pandits.
Chopra was born and grew up in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. His father was D. N. Chopra and veteran filmmaker Ramanand Sagar was his half-brother. His father's family originally came from Peshawar, British India. His mother was Shanti Devi Chopra who left Kashmir with him and family after the Ethnic Cleansing of Kashmiri Pandits by Jihadis in 1990.
Swami Vivekananda also visited Girnar, Kutch, Porbander, Dwaraka, Palitana, Nadiad, Nadiad ni haveli and Baroda. He remained for nine months at Porbander, furthering his philosophical and Sanskrit studies with learned pandits. Swami Vivekananda's next destinations included Mahabaleshwar, Pune, Khandwa and Indore. At Kathiawar he heard of the 1893 Parliament of the World's Religions, and was urged by his followers to attend it.
Antaragni (English: The Fire Within) is the Annual cultural festival of IIT Kanpur, held in October. It is one of the biggest college cultural festivals of Asia. The four-day-long festival, attracts participation from over 350 colleges of India. It features professional shows, competitions, performances by amateur rock bands, DJs, Ustads and Pandits, fashion shows, Indian folk dances, etc.
The British occupied the area in 1803 and Jalaun state became a British protectorate in 1806. Many of the inhabitants were Maratha Brahmins, known as 'Dakhini Pandits'. Their ancestors had been at the service of the Maratha Peshwa. Govindrao II, its last ruler, died without issue in 1840 and the state was annexed by the British in the same year.
But unlike Pratapaditya, Gopal was a philosopher. He went to Benaras (Varanasi), to study Hindu theology and philosophy. The Thakur title is an academic one bestowed upon him by the pandits of Benaras through a process of academic election. The family choose to retain it in his honour and this was allowed by the Pandit samaj (academic council) of Benaras.
On that day, mosques issued declarations that the Kashmiri Pandits were Kafirs and that the males had to leave Kashmir, convert to Islam or be killed. Those who chose to the first of these were told to leave their women behind. The Kashmiri Muslims were instructed to identify Pandit homes so they could be systematically targeted for conversion or killing.
Tripura Sundari, literally meaning "she who is lovely in the three worlds", is one of the most important goddesses worshipped in the Tantric tradition in Kashmir. Her cult is particularly popular among the Tiku clan of Kashmiri Pandits who celebrate her festival on Tiky chorum(4th.maag one day before Vasant Panchami) . The surname ‘Tiku’ is derived from "trika", according to popular etymology.
The temple is situated in the Tulmul village of Kashmir. Every year a grand fair is organised and pilgrims usually Kashmiri Pandits come to pay their obeisance to Goddess Bhawani. Also, a grand temple is built in Jammu in the Janipur area in accordance with the Kheer Bhawani temple of Kashmir. A grand fest is also organised in Jammu as well.
Chashme Shahi originally derives its name from the spring which was discovered by the great female saint of Kashmir, Rupa Bhawani, who was from the Sahib clan of Kashmiri Pandits. The family name of Rupa Bhawani was 'Sahib' and the spring was originally called 'Chashme Sahibi'. Over the years the name got corrupted and today the place is known as Chashme Shahi (the Royal Spring).
After the death of Buddhapālita (470–550), Bhāviveka refuted his views by writing a commentary on the Root Wisdom called Wisdom Lamp (Prajñāpradīpa) relying on Nāgārjuna's teachings. This text laid the foundations for the Svātantrika school."Indian Buddhist Pandits" from "The Jewel Garland of Buddhist History". Translated from the Tibetan by Lobsang N. Tsonawa, (1985) Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, Dharamsala, India, p. 15.
Kailash Nath Katju was born in the princely state of Jaora (in present- day Madhya Pradesh) on 17 June 1887. His family were Kashmiri Pandits who had settled in Jaora. His father Tribhuwan Nath Katju was a former dewan of the state. Kailash Nath was educated at the Barr High School in Jaora, when he was sent to Lahore to study at the Rangmahal High School.
In 1987 he emerged as the youngest legislator of the state winning from Pahalgam. Rafi Ahmad Mir was the only mainstream politician to stay back in the valley during peak militancy. His political activities are recognized across all sections of society. He strongly advocated the dignified return of Kashmiri Pandits, inclusion of youth into mainstream politics, and their engagement in sports and self- reliant activities.
The oldest example of Middle Bengali literature is believed to be Shreekrishna Kirtana by Boru Chandidas. In the mid-19th century, Bengali literature gained momentum. During this period, the Bengali Pandits of Fort William College did the tedious work of translating textbooks in Bengali to help teach the British local languages including Bengali. This work played a role in the background in the evolution of Bengali prose.
Singh was born in Islamabad town of Aanantag district in Jammu and Kashmir. After the Kashmiri Pandits were thrown out of Kashmir by radical muslims in early 1990s, she also went to Jammu. She studied in University of Jammu and also did Masters in International Affairs from New York’s Columbia University and starting her career she went to India and is currently residing in New Delhi.
Khrew or Khreuh is a town and notified area committee in Pulwama district in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It comes under Tehsil Pampore and District Pulwama of Union Territory of J&K.; It is located at a distance of 22 kms from Srinagar. It is famous for Jwala Ji Mandir which is a prominent place of worship for Kashmiri Pandits.
Hindu pilgrimage and marriage records were also used to be kept at this holy place. The Genealogical Society (GSU) of Utah, USA has microfilmed Hindu pilgrimage records for Haridwar and several other Hindu pilgrimage centres. Priests (pandits) located at each site would record the name, date, home-town and purpose of visit for each pilgrim. These records were grouped according to family and ancestral home.
Poshker is a village 4 km (2.5 mi) from Khag, known for its scenic beauty. Pushkar Nag is a spring located to the east of Poshker, approximately 15 km (9.3 mi) from Khag, between Khag and Ferozpora. According to local history, Kashmiri Pandits would offer prayers and take a ritual dip in the spring during the month of Saawan. Some devotees continue to perform the ritual today.
His works include, Bhațțadinākara, Śāntisāra and Dinākaroddyota. His uncle, Kamalākara Bhațța, was also a noted scholar, mostly known for his Nirņayasindhu, a popular work on smriti. Gaga Bhatt himself is known for his Bhațțacintāmaņi, a work on Mīmāṃsā. Gaga Bhatt's first reference appears in 1640 where is noted as a member of the assembly of Pandits in Kashi deciding upon the rights of a Shende Golak family.
As a kid Udhav was special. He did behave as a child but was more inclined towards spirituality. He loved Music and Bhajans from the age of 5 and when he grew 9, he always carried the Bhagwad Geta to school and at play too. He used to narrate single lines from the sacred Geeta to his friends and at times discuss the same with Pandits too.
Due to the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits the temple maintenance suffered. The temple turned into ruins and vandals desecrated the idols and damaged excellent murals, which were centuries old. The centuries-old Shivling was secretly taken away to avoid any damage to it. The springs were used as garbage dumping ground and were almost invisible in the wild vegetation that had grown in the temple complex.
He was a recluse leading a heavily guarded life in his New Delhi bungalow, very rarely giving interviews. From 1989, Kao dedicated his time largely to the task of restoring the dignity and honour of the Kashmiri Pandits. He interacted with various political leaders and the Indian government to see that the Kashmir problem was not forgotten. He died in 2002 at age 84.
Makhan Lal Fotedar (born 5 March 1932 in Mattan village, Anantnag – died 28 September 2017 in Gurgaon, Haryana ) was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress party. He was a close aide of the Nehru–Gandhi family, especially Indira Gandhi. He was also a leader of the Kashmiri Pandits. He had been a cabinet minister in the Government of India and had held important cabinet posts.
Genealogy registers, of families, maintained by Brahmin Pandits locally called as ‘Pandas’, who double up as professional genealogists, at Haridwar, has been a subject of study for many years now.Brahman pandas Divine Enterprise: Gurus and the Hindu Nationalist Movement, by Lise McKean, University of Chicago Press, 1996. . Page 151.Janasakhi Janamsakhis of Miharban and Mani Singh, Janamsakhi Tradition, Dr. Kirpal Singh, 2004, Punjabi University, Patiala. . www.globalsikhstudies.net.
Wilford employed a large staff of Indian assistants – Pandits[copyists, translators, surveyors]. Throughout the 1790s, he laboriously combed Puranic and other Sanskrit sources for geographical materials. He extracted his geographical material from the historical poems or legendary tales of the Hindus collected for him by his staff. Christopher Bayly, writing in a collection edited by Jamal Malik, also observes that Wilford, like some contemporaries, used cruder means of linguistic correlation.
Devaswami, after holding a secret meeting on the subject with prominent Kashmiri Pandits of the time, refused to accept Rinchen into Hinduism, because of Rinchen's low birth. Rinchan, at the hands of Bulbul Shah, converted to Islam and adopted the title of Sultan Sadruddin Shah. 10,000 of his subjects, including his brother-in-law Ravanachandra, converted along with him. Rinchan was attacked by rebels and was badly wounded.
In 1710 AD, Rahon was conquered by Banda Singh Bahadur after defeating mughals in the Battle of Rahon (1710).Later, it fell back into the hands of the Mughals. In 1759 AD, Rahon was seized by Dhallewali Confederacy Sikhs led by Tara Singh Gheba, and remained in their possession until Tara Singh's death, when it was added to Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s dominions. However, Pandits continued to dominate local politics.
Sanskrit Pathashala has produced a good many disciples who have become Shastris and Pandits. Noted film maker and father of Indian cinema, Dadasaheb Phalke was born here. Pradakshina (Ring routes/ Pheri) There are two pradakshinas (ring routes) in this kshetra - one round the Brahmagiri and the other one round Hariharagiri. Pilgrim has to go for pradakshina with holy garment early in the morning visiting and bathing in various tirthas.
The Jhanjhari Masjid, on the north bank of the Gomti river, was built by Ibrahim in the Sipah locality of Jaunpur township. It was a residence of Ibrahim himself, as well as a place for saints, scholars (pandits) and the army (who kept animals such as elephants, camels, horses and mules). After human destruction and flood damage, only the facade remains. This consists of an arch, high and wide.
The local people of the Kashmir valley including the Hindu pandits welcomed the Tribunal and offered their help even when they were threatened. The people according to Imroz were content that this issue is being taken up internationally. The European Parliament supported the Tribunal by inviting them to testify before Parliament's Subcommittee on Human Rights at Brussels and adopting a resolution on allegations of mass graves. in 2008.
There is no access on north and east sides, probably to face the morning glory of the Sun. In the middle of the spring there is a stone cylinder of about 3 feet height with a Shivalingam resting on it. Before the exodus of Kashmir Pandits in 1990 the water from the spring used to come out in the shape of a small brook, joining the other brook called ‘Mukhta Pukhri'.
Srinivasa Perumal Temple at Kudavasal is more than 400 years old. Kudavasal used to be a home for many Vedic Pandits and Scholars, who offered their daily prayers to "Lord Srinivasa" and conducted all kinds of Utsavams in a grand manner including "Brahmothsavam" for ages. This holy Temple witnessed several spiritual events including the most venerated "Soma Yagam" performed by great scholars like Shri. U. Ve. Agnihotram Ramanuja Tatachariar and Shri.
Ratna Sagar, Janakpur Accounts of ascetics, pandits and bards indicate that Janakpur was founded in the early 18th century. The earliest description of Janakpur as a pilgrimage site dates to 1805. Earlier archaeological evidence of the presence of an ancient city has not been found. King Janaka's palace is thought to have been located in ancient Janakpur as it is thought to be the capital of the Kingdom of the Videhas.
Among Brahmins, Mehta surname is popularly used by Anavil Brahmins and Nagar Brahmins of Valsad and Surat regions of Gujarat. In the Gujarati language, the term was used to address teachers and accountants, becoming associated with these professions. Mohyal Brahmins of Punjab region (Vaid sub-clan), Bhumihar Brahmins of Eastern India, Kashmiri Pandits settled in many Northern states of India and other Brahmin communities also use Mehta as their surname.
Stone pelting was reported from many parts in Kashmir, including upon transit camps of Kashmiri Pandits. Internet services along with train services were suspended and the national highway was shut down. The Amarnath pilgrimage was repeatedly resumed and suspended due to the unrest. More than 200 Kashmiri Pandit employees fled the transit camps during night time on 12 July due to the attacks by protesters on the camps.
Homes in Maharishi Vedic City, Iowa About 3,000 TM practitioners are estimated to live near MUM and the Golden Domes in Fairfield, Iowa, US, an area dubbed "Silicorn Valley" by locals. By 2001, Fairfield's mayor and some city council members were TM practitioners. Just outside the city limits is Maharishi Vedic City. The city's 2010 population of 1,294 includes about 1,000 pandits from India who live on a special campus.
The storyline is based around Shaan and Saima. Moosa played by Shaan grows up in a cave due to his father being killed. His father was an Imam (priest) who died in Moosa's hands when a bunch of pandits came and attacked his Mosque. Saima comes along with her father who dies as well when some evil goons attack and she is taken hostage by Shamoon (Shafqat Cheema).
By the age of 10 he was able to quote freely from the Guru Granth Sahib and Dasam Granth. In Nabha, he studied Sanskrit classics with local pandits and studied under the famous musicologist Mahant Gajja Singh. In Delhi, he studied Persian with Mawlawis. In 1883, he continued his study of Persian for two years and assisted Gurmukh Singh, a leader in the Singh Sabha Movement, in publishing Sudhararak.
Lead characters of Kashmiri birth, Aadil Khan and Sadia were cast to lend authenticity. Several Kashmiri Pandits were selected for principal cast. Also, to make refugee camps as similar as possible to the real ones 30 years ago (19 January 1990), actual refugees were cast. Approximately 4,000 out of 400,000 refugees, who are currently inhabitants of Jagti Nagrota Migrant Camp and other refugee camps agreed to take part.
So stern was his discipline that none of his Afghán soldiers dared to touch a leaf of the standing crops where they were encamped. When at Áhmedábád, he was either engaged in scattering the Kolis or in coursing with greyhounds. He preferred life under canvas on the Sábarmati sands to the viceregal surroundings of the Bhadra Palace. His civil work he used to trust to Dakhan Bráhmans and Pandits.
The present day Saraswat Brahmins who are kashmiri pandits, punjabi brahmins, Goud saraswat brahmins, Shenvis, Chitrapur saraswats, bhalvalikar, Rajapur Saraswats, and pednekars, have this event as part of their culture. This event is repeated again at (3:85):- At the forest of Tungaka in olden days sage Saraswata taught the Vedas to the ascetics. When the Vedas had been lost in consequence of the sages having forgotten them.
"Shivayaga chaturdashyam ma vrate phala bhojanam", says the Padma Purana. The Markandeya Purana going a step ahead adds: "tambulam api na dadyat vrata bhanga bhayam priye". It is not that the Kashmiri Pandits do not celebrate on the chaturdshi day, but it is a day of feasting for them. The Nilamata Purana, it may be noted, clearly says that Shivaratri is celebrated on the chaturdashi of the dark fortnight of Phalguna.
The Kashmiri Pandits had been a favoured section of the population of the valley during Dogra rule (1846–1947). 20 per cent of them left the valley as a consequence of the 1950 land reforms, Quote: "Since a majority of the landlords were Hindu, the (land) reforms (of 1950) led to a mass exodus of Hindus from the state. ... The unsettled nature of Kashmir's accession to India, coupled with the threat of economic and social decline in the face of the land reforms, led to increasing insecurity among the Hindus in Jammu, and among Kashmiri Pandits, 20 per cent of whom had emigrated from the Valley by 1950." and by 1981 the Pandit population amounted to 5 per cent of the total. An artpiece of three Kashmiri Pandit women They began to leave in much greater numbers in the 1990s during the eruption of militancy, following persecution and threats by radical Islamists and militants. The events of 19 January 1990 were particularly vicious.
Bapuji Aney was born on 20 August 1880 in a family of Sanskrit pandits at Wani in Yavatmal district of Vidarbha in Maharashtra. His father Srihari Aney was a learned pandit and mother Rakhma Bai Aney, a housewife. Bapuji Aney was second of their four son's. He came from a Deshastha Brahmin family It is said that his ancestors hailed from Telugu-speaking area with the surname "Annamraju" which was later transmuted into "Aney".
Amar Nath Kak (1889–1963) was a prominent Kashmiri lawyer and author whose most important books are Hamara Vrittanta and the Gayatri, both written in Hindi. He was the older brother of Kashmiri archaeologist and politician Ram Chandra Kak. Hamara Vrittanta contains information on the social and religious life of Kashmiri Pandits in the first half of the 20th century. It also presents the drama of the war between India and Pakistan.
Further information: Human rights abuses by insurgents, Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir and Rape by militants Islamic separatist militants are accused of violence against the Kashmir populace. . On the other hand , Indian army has also committed serious crimes like using pellet guns, torture , killing and rape etc . The militants have kidnapped and killed many civil servants and suspected informers. Tens of thousands of Kashmiri Pandits have emigrated as a result of the violence.
Kaw was born in Srinagar, then the capital of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, in 1941 to a family of Kashmiri Pandits. Kaw's family migrated to Delhi in the late 1940s in search of opportunities in newly independent India. Kaw proved academically adept and completed his matriculation exams at age 10 and obtained his master's degree in Economics from Panjab University at age 16. He also obtained an LLB from Agra University.
He realised the "mobile" (i.e. service classes) Brahmins and Pandits were most able to help him in this endeavour, and he began gathering them. He learnt the Buddhist and Jain religious works to better argue the case for Christianity in a cultural context. In 1795, Carey made contact with a Sanskrit scholar, the Tantric Saihardana Vidyavagish,Kaumudi Patrika 12 December 1912 who later introduced him to Ram Mohan Roy, who wished to learn English.
The Sukhnag (Sokhanag), known locally as the "spring of solace," cascades in a 20 ft high waterfall at Kanj Zubji. Pushkar Nag is located to the east of Poshker village between Khag and Ferozpora, and is named for the village of its origin. According to local history, during the month of Sawan, Kashmiri Pandits would offer prayers and take a ritual dip in the spring. Some devotees continue to perform the ritual today.
About the Institute. Maharishi InstituteAnderson, Alistair (26 March 2012) "CIDA Institute may become, self funded university", Business Day Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, in his farewell message on 11 January 2008, announced the establishment of the Brahmananda Saraswati Trust (BST), named in honour of his teacher, to support large groups totalling more than 30,000 peace-creating Vedic Pandits in perpetuity across India. The Patron of the Brahmanand Saraswati Trust is the Shankaracharya of Jyotir Math.
Gaga Bhatt has previously met Shivaji more than a decade before his coronation year of 1674. In 1663, he came to the Deccan. At Rajapur, Maharashtra Shivaji invited him to preside an assembly of 15 Pandits to decide on the rights of the Saraswat Brahmin community to end a local dispute. The decision at this assembly in April 1664 is prefaced by praise or prashasti for Shahaji and Shivaji by Gaga Bhatt.
Then he got in touch with the nationalist Swami Dayananda Saraswati, a radical reformer and an exponent of the Vedas, who had founded the Arya Samaj. He became his disciple and was soon conducting lectures on Vedic philosophy and religion. In 1877, a public speaking tour secured him a great public recognition. He became the first non-Brahmin to receive the prestigious title of Pandit by the Pandits of Kashi in 1877.
The protests gained momentum after the killings and for the first time communal rioting broke out in the Valley, in which three Hindus were killed. Muslims termed the anti-Dogra movement a 'religious war'. The Maharajah Hari Singh instituted the Glancy Commission to inquire into the Muslim complaints, although this move was vehemently opposed by the Kashmiri Pandits. After this major agitation Hari Singh reluctantly introduced democracy to the state following British intercession.
After the mid-1950s, Damayanti established herself as a successful solo Kathak dancer, taking training from Pandits, Achhan Maharaj, Lachhu Maharaj and Shambhu Maharaj of the Lucknow gharana and Guru Hiralal of the Jaipur gharana. Particularly, at Kathak Kendra, Delhi, she trained under Shambhu Maharaj. She was the first person to introduce "Saree" as a costume in Kathak dance. She also taught Kathak at Indira Kala Vishvaidyalaya, Khairagarh, and Kathak Kendra in Lucknow.
Many north Indian Veda Pandits recite it in a different way compared to those from Maharashtra. Many of the former pronounce the syllable ष (ṣa) as ख (kha). A large number of Shukla Yajur Vedic Mandyandina Shakha Brahmins are residing in Nashik, Maharashtra and many in Bihar (Maithil Brahmins except those belonging to Shandilya Gotra), Bengal and Uttar pradesh too. An association has also been formed with 3000 members on its roll.
Sarat Chandra Pandit (27 April 1879 – 27 April 1968), better known as ‘Dada Thakur’ (দাদাঠাকুর), was a well-known composer of humorous rhymes, writer, publisher and social critic. He had his ancestral house at Dafarpur in Jangipur Sub-division of West Bengal, India. Most of his life he resided at Jangipur town. However, the ancestral seat of the Pandits were originally at Dharmapur, a village in Rampurhat subdivision, Birbhum District of West Bengal.
Her writing concerns socio-political issues and women's concerns in general. The Indian State of Kashmir constitutes the backdrop of most of her writings, especially terrorism and the repercussions of it, notably the mass exodus of the majority community of "Kashmiri Pandits". Her magnum opus is Katha Satisar [2001]. She has been the recipient of several awards, including the Subramanya Bharati award, awarded by the President of India for her literary work.
One aspect of history that Tod studied in his Annals was the genealogy of the Chathis Rajkula (36 royal races), for the purpose of which he took advice on linguistic issues from a panel of pandits, including a Jain guru called Yati Gyanchandra.Freitag (2009), pp. 112, 120, 164. He said that he was "desirous of epitomising the chronicles of the martial races of Central and Western India" and that this necessitated study of their genealogy.
It brought fame the name, and is considered as source material on Andhra Politics. Now his political analysis hour, called "Editors Time," is immensely popular and possibly the main reason behind continued the operation of Mahaa. Known for his love of Telugu language and literature, in 2001 he started non-profit magazine "patrika," a purely Telugu literary monthly magazine. It operated for a decade solely through subscriptions from other Telugu literary pandits.
The resulting scandal was used by many Muslims of Kashmir to make fun of their Hindu neighbors about their holy man. It is said that some of the well connected Kashmiri Pandits wanted to use the same tactics on the most prominent Muslim saint of the time, Sheikh Noor-ud-din Wali. They paid Yawan Mats to seduce the Reshi. Yawan Mats tried her charms but it was the charm of the Reshi that won.
He published a book in 1687 describing the lot of helpless victims. While he was in jail, he had heard the cries of tortured people beaten with instruments having sharp teeth. All these details are noted in Charles Dellon's book, Relation de l'Inquisition de Goa (The Inquisition of Goa). The viceroy ordered that Hindu pandits and physicians be disallowed from entering the capital city on horseback or palanquins, the violation of which entailed a fine.
To be ruled by 'kafirs' was the worst kind of ignominy to befall a Muslim. Before the Sikhs came to Kashmir (1819 CE), the Afghans had ruled it for 67 years. For the Muslims, Sikh rule was the darkest period of the history of the place, while for the Kashmiri Pandits (Hindus) nothing was worse than the Afghan rule. The Sikh conquest of Kashmir was prompted by an appeal from its Hindu population.
Sri Vyasaraja Math () (formerly known as Dakshinadi Math) is one of the three premier Dvaita Vedanta monasteries (matha) descended from Jagadguru Śrī Madhvācārya through, Rajendra Tirtha and their disciples. Vyasaraja Math, along with Uttaradi Math and Raghavendra Math , are considered to be the three premier apostolic institutions of Dvaita Vedanta and are jointly referred as Mathatraya . It is the pontiffs and pandits of the Mathatraya that have been the principle architects of post-Madhva Dvaita Vedanta through the centuries.
Wanvun, literally "chorus", is a style of singing used by Kashmiri Pandits before certain rituals such as Yagnopavit and marriages. It can also be used to describe a music session at which traditional songs are sung. In the 1980s, the Indian Council for Cultural Relations expressed concern that as modern marriages were using songs from movies, there were less old people singing the traditional wanvun. In some places, wanvun is sung to celebrate the end of Ramadan.
Moropant alone among them had condensed all the three epics, Ramayana, Mahabharata and the Bhagavata, but his compositions in Āryā metre addressed pandits well versed in Sanskrit, but could not reach the masses. Shridhara did not belong to the category of saint-poets or pandit-poets. And yet he was the only one among them who could reach out so well to the masses. His simple abridged versions in the popular Ovi meter appealed to their taste.
Nurani is a commercial and residential area in Palakkad city in the state of Kerala,India. Nurani contains a heritage village populated mainly by Tamil Brahmins (Iyers). This village is famous for its culture and religious fervour. About five centuries ago, Brahmins – mostly scholars, pandits, vaidikas, priests and cooks – from Thiruvannamalai in North Arcot district and other parts of Tamil Nadu came to Nurani in search of new pastures and established their dwelling in the present Agraharam (village).
All India Kashmiri Samaj is an independent organisation, a federal setup, constituting affiliated units throughout the globe. Kashmiri Samiti was one of the affiliated unit a few years back and disaffiliated because of certain reasons. The role of the Samaj was to create a nationwide awareness campaign about the communal violence against the pandits of Kashmir. The AIKS has also been campaigning for adequate representation of Kashmiri Pandit community in state legislation and civic bodies of Jammu and Kashmir.
Divine Colours of the Divine Spring It is the most important temple for the Kashmiri Hindus in Kashmir, known as the Kashmiri Pandits, most of them who consider. Around the temple is an area covered with smooth and beautiful stones. In it are large, old-growth chinar trees beneath which the pilgrims sit or sleep on mats of grass. While most of the colours do not have any particular significance, the colour of the spring water changes occasionally.
Pandit Taranath Ram Rao Hattiangadi (1915 – 1991) was a performer and teacher of Indian classical percussion, known for his knowledge of rare talas and old compositions. He represented the Farukhabad, Delhi, and Ajrada gharanas of tabla, and the Nana Panse tradition of pakhavaj. He studied formally for 47 years—an exceptional amount of time, even in the Indian master-disciple system—under many pandits and ustads, most notably Shamsuddin Khan. He had numerous disciples and students of special training.
Kashmir's native Hindu Pandits dominated the revenue department which collected taxes from Muslim cultivators. Due to their dominance in the revenue department, the Pandit community came to hold large landholdings. Despite being a small percentage of the Valley's population, the Pandit community possessed 30 percent of land in the Valley. Their authority increased under Maharajah Ranbir Singh, who introduced the chakdari system in 1862 under which there were very easy conditions to grant allotments of uncultivated land.
Though he had no intention of ever learning Sanskrit, reacting to the defectiveness of the available translations, he became motivated to do so. By 1786, Jones' Sanskrit was good enough to decide between conflicting opinions of his pandits by reading the appropriate translation of the appropriate text. He was able to discern whose interpretation of the law was correct. Jones believed there was a fixed body of laws and codes that had been objects of corruption over time.
Hizbul militant Ashiq Hussain Faktoo was convicted for his killing. Other prominent killings included Dr. Abdul Ahad Guru who was a cardiologist and JKLF ideologue, Mirwaiz Qazi Nisar and Mirwaiz Maulvi Farooq, Mohammed Maqbool Malik, Prof. Abdul Ahad Wani, Muhammad Sultan Bhat, Abdul Ghani Lone, and Abdul Majeed Dar. Hizbul was instrumental in preventing the return of Kashmiri Pandits after their ethnic cleansing from the valley, Salahudeen spoke of them being Hindu agents whilst threatening to auction their properties.
All India Radio program at Patnitop Radio stations in Jammu and Kashmir include "AIR Srinagar", "AIR Jammu" and "Radio Sharda". Radio Jammu Kashmir was the first broadcasting centre of Jammu and Kashmir, coming into existence on 1 December 1947. Radio Sharda, a worldwide community radio service for Kashmiri Pandits, was started by Ramesh Hangloo. FM Tadka 95.0, BIG FM 92.7, Radio Mirchi and Red FM 93.5 are private FM radio stations in Jammu city and Srinagar.
According to the J & K government an amount of Rs. 71.95 crore was spent in providing relief and other facilities to the Kashmiri migrants living in Jammu and other parts in 2007–08, Rs. 70.33 crore in 2008-09 and Rs. 68.59 crore from 2009 up to January 2010. The remnants of Kashmiri Pandits have been living in Jammu, but most of them believe that, until the violence ceases, returning to Kashmir is not an option.
The bitter herb is an appetizer, stomachic and is useful in treating biliousness [bad digestion, stomach pains, constipation, and excessive flatulence (passing gas)]; the leaves are beneficial for removing phlegm from the lungs and trachea. According to Ayurvedic pandits, the herbal extract is a good remedy for tuberculosis and typhoid fever. The plant juice mixed with ginger extract is helpful for curing fevers. Tribal believe that the herb is an effective remedy for all blood diseases.
Trisong became emperor in 755 and, in post-imperial sources, is claimed to have invited Padmasambhava, Śāntarakṣita, Vimalamitra, and various other Indian teachers to come to Tibet to spread the latest understanding of the teaching. The two pandits began by establishing Samye as the first vihara in Tibet. Several Tibetans were eventually initiated as monks and a vast translation project was undertaken translating the Buddhist scriptures from Sanskrit into Classical Tibetan.Stein, R. A. (1972) Tibetan Civilization, p. 66.
Vibha Saraf was born in the Fateh Kadal neighbourhood of Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir in India. During the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from the region, her family relocated to New Delhi, India, when Saraf was three years old. She began taking classes at Shriram Bharatiya Kala Kendra, studying Hindustani classical music for four years before studying pop music for five years. Saraf worked as a management consultant for five years before quitting to pursue music.
Pandita Ramabai Sarasvati was born as Rama Dongre on 23 April 1858 in a Marathi speaking Brahmin family but later she adopted Christianity in England. Her father, Anant Shastri Dongre, a Sanskrit scholar, taught her Sanskrit at home. Orphaned at the age of 16 during the Great Famine of 1876–78, Dongre and her brother Srinivas traveled over India reciting Sanskrit scriptures. Ramabai's fame as a lecturer reached Calcutta, where the pandits invited her to speak.
The armed militants came dressed in counterfeit military uniforms.Grief, Again , Time, 31 March 2003 The attack took place between 11 pm and midnight.24 Hindus killed in Indian Kashmir , Agence France-Presse, 24 March 2003 Victims included 11 men, 11 women, and two small boys who were lined up and shot and killed by the gunmen.Appendix A – Chronology of Significant International Terrorist Incidents, 2003 (Revised 6/22/04) , United States Department of State24 Pandits killed in Kashmir , Rediff.
Farooq Ahmed Dar (), also known by his nom de guerre Bitta Karate, is the current chairman of Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front and a former Kashmiri militant. Dar has been accused of murdering multiple Kashmiri Pandits(he has confessed to these killings in a video that's available on YouTube) , during their 1990 exodus. He was imprisoned under terrorism-related charges from 1990 until 2006, before being released on bail and arrested again in 2019 for financing of terrorism.
He was one of the first persons to help them after which Punjab also followed suit. In 2009 the Oregon Legislative Assembly passed a resolution to recognise 14 September 2007, as Martyrs Day to acknowledge ethnic cleansing and campaigns of terror inflicted on non-Muslim minorities of Jammu and Kashmir by terrorists seeking to establish an Islamic state.Senate Joint Resolution 23, 75th OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY—2009 Regular Session In 2010, the Government of Jammu and Kashmir noted that 808 Pandit families, comprising 3,445 people, were still living in the Valley and that financial and other incentives put in place to encourage others to return there had been unsuccessful. According to a J&K; government report, 219 members of the community had been killed in the region between 1989 and 2004 but none thereafter. The local organisation of pandits in Kashmir, Kashmir Pandit Sangharsh Samiti after carrying out a survey in 2008 and 2009, said that 399 Kashmiri Pandits were killed by insurgents from 1990 to 2011 with 75% of them being killed during the first year of the Kashmiri insurgency.
Swami Satchidanandendra Saraswati (1880-1975) is without doubt one of the greatest exponents of traditional Advaita Vedanta in modern times. Born as Sri Yellambalase Subbarao, he worked as a school teacher in the Indian state of Karnataka.Adhyatmaprakasha Karyalaya website Retrieved 4 November 2011 He gave many lectures and wrote many articles on the Vedanta in English, Kannada and Sanskrit. His books, articles and lectures have made an important impact on disciples, pandits, sadhus and also scholars in the field of classical Indian philosophy.
Mani Singh later proceeded to Anandpur Sahib for the Vaisakhi festival, accompanied by his family. Guru Teg Bahadur had then just arrived at Anandpur Sahib after a preaching tour in the East. When Guru Teg Bahadur heeded the appeal of the Kashmiri Pandits and their request for help in saving the Hindu religion, Guru Teg Bahadur decided to proceed to Delhi. Bhai Jetha and Mani Singh and some other Sikhs remained at Anandpur with Guru Gobind Singh to look after him.
Mosques issued warnings, telling them to leave Kashmir, convert to Islam or be killed. Approximately 300,000–350,000 pandits left the valley during the mid-80s and the 90s, many of them have been living in abject conditions in refugee camps of Jammu. Gujarat (2002) One of the most violent events in recent times took place during the Gujarat riots in 2002, where it is estimated one thousand people were killed, most allegedly Muslim. Some sources claim there were approximately 2,000 Muslim deaths.
Henry Thomas Colebrooke translated the Dāyabhāga in 1810 through the use of manuscripts and pandits. Colebrooke, a Calcutta Supreme Court judge, broke the text into chapters and verses which were not in the original text and is often criticized for numerous errors in translation.Rocher,Jimutavahana's Dāyabhāga: The Hindu Law of Inheritance in Bengal, (Oxford University Press, 2002), 33. Rocher believes the mistakes were due to three factors:Rocher,Jimutavahana's Dāyabhāga: The Hindu Law of Inheritance in Bengal, (Oxford University Press, 2002), 35.
He accused the queen of actually plotting to kill the then Crown Prince Surendra and his younger brother, Prince Upendra so that her own son, Prince Ranendra, could become the next king. Jung had royal pandits read out the accusation. Ultimately, the queen and her two sons were exiled to India. King Rajendra accompanied them, and later tried to overthrow Jung Bahadur, but the king was defeated, kept under house arrest, and Prince Surendra was made the new king in 1847.
Akingam is surrounded by many heritage and sacred sites. Prominent ones include the temple of Goddess Shiva, the patron Goddess of Performing Arts, oldest Jamia Masjid (Bonagam), Biggest Jamia Masjid Sharief Pethgam, Ziyarat Sharief Sata Reshi Sahib and Ziyarat Shareef of the Islamic saint Shah-I-Asrar. It was given the status of tourist village by J&K; govt with a well established tourist center. Village Akingam used to have Kashmiri Pandits Bhand performers but they left the village in 1990.
This event happened during the Samvat 4041 (Hindu lunar date).Sh. Krishen Joo taploo possessed some valuable manuscripts too like Bhrigu Samhita which was in late Eighties taken away from his family members and now its fate is not known.He even had a huge Shiv Ling which at present is at Bohri Kadal temple. An annual Hawan used to take place coinciding with the discovery of Holy pond of Ksheer Bhawani at his residence before forced migration of Kashmiri Pandits.
The Rajmala chronicles the history of the Manikya kings of Tripura. While it serves as an invaluable source of information for the region, its historical accuracy in some aspects has been doubted. The text is split up into six parts, written over the course of several centuries under the patronage of different Tripura monarchs. It was initially commissioned by Dharma Manikya I in 1458, who bestowed the task upon the royal priest Durlabhendra and two Brahman pandits, Sukheshwar and Baneshwar.
Recently the Government of India accorded classical status to Odia in 2014. There was a time when Bengali tried to overpower Odia Language. Along with West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh tookaway many parts of Odisha letting Odisha into nothingness and despair. Mostly the Bengalis claimed that Odia is the derived form of Bengali and so the language cannot independently exist.The famous Bengali Pandits like Kantilal Bhattacharya and Rajendra Mitra claimed that “Odia ekta swotontro bhasa hobena”, i.e.
According to the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), about 300,000 Hindu Kashmiri Pandits have been forced to leave the state of Jammu and Kashmir due to Islamic militancy and religious discrimination from the Muslim majority, making them refugees in their own country. Some have found refuge in Jammu and its adjoining areas, while others in camps in Delhi and others in other states of India and other countries too. Kashmiri groups peg the number of migrants closer to 500,000.India, The World Factbook.
Kashmiriyat is the ethno-national and social consciousness and cultural values of the Kashmiri people. The term Kashmiriyat has come to signify a centuries- old indigenous secularism of Kashmir. Emerging around the 16th century, it is characterised by religious and cultural harmony, patriotism and pride for their mountainous homeland of Kashmir. In recent 2007 poll conducted by the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies in New Delhi, 84 percent of people in Srinagar want to see the return of Kashmiri Pandits.
There are three orthographical systems used to write the Kashmiri language: the Sharada script, the Devanagari script and the Perso-Arabic script. The Roman script is also sometimes informally used to write Kashmiri, especially online. The Kashmiri language is traditionally written in the Sharada script after the 8th Century A.D. This script however, is not in common use today, except for religious ceremonies of the Kashmiri Pandits. Today it is written in Perso- Arabic and Devanagari scripts (with some modifications).
Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib, Delhi Guru Har Gobind was Guru Tegh Bahadur's father. He was originally named Tyag Mal () but was later renamed Tegh Bahadur after his gallantry and bravery in the wars against the Mughal forces. He built the city of Anandpur Sahib, and was responsible for saving the Kashmiri Pandits, who were being persecuted by the Mughals. After the execution of Tegh Bahadar by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, a number of Sikh temples were built in his and his associates' memory.
Butshikan's heir, the devout Muslim Zain-ul-Abidin (1423–74), was tolerant of Hindus to the extent of sanctioning a return to Hinduism of those who had been forcibly converted to the Muslim faith, as well as becoming involved in the restoration of temples. He respected the learning of these Pandits, to whom he gave land as well as encouraging those who had left to return. He operated a meritocracy and both Brahmins and Buddhists were among his closest advisors.
The Praja Parishad remained a party of landlords and failed to develop into a mass movement, especially in rural areas. The National Conference, having implemented land reforms benefiting the rural populations, was favoured by the electorate. The Parishad was also an overwhelmingly Hindu party, and had no attraction to the Muslims. It also neglected the influential minority of Kashmiri Pandits and Ladakhi Buddhists. In the Legislative Assembly elections in 1957, the Praja Parishad put forward 17 candidates and won 6 seats.
Operation Gold Fish is a 2019 Indian Telugu-language action thriller film written and directed by Sai Kiran Adivi and produced by Vinayakudu Talkies, U&I; Entertainments. The story is inspired by true events of mass exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from the valley in the 1980s. The film starring Aadi as an NSG commando, Nithya Naresh, Sasha Chhetri, Karthik Raju and Parvateesam, has Abburi Ravi, the Telugu writer, as the antagonist. The patriotic thriller has Aadi playing an NSG commando.
Dhar (Sanskritised Kashmiri: Dhar, Persianised Kashmiri: Dar) (Urdu: دھر or ڈار, Hindi: धर or डार) is a surname of Kashmiri Hindu origin. It is native to the Kashmir Valley, and common today among Kashmiri Pandits and Kashmiri Muslims of Hindu lineage. Outside Kashmir, it is used by members of the Kashmiri diaspora, in places like Punjab, Bengal, Gujarat, and Maharashtra, and more commonly in recent times by the global Kashmiri Pandit diaspora following the Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus in 1989–1990.
The Marathi people are the Marathi-speaking migrants from present day Maharashtra and North Karnataka regions, who migrated to Uttar Pradesh during medieval period. The Marathi people, especially the Marathi Brahmins migrated to the Hindu holy city of Benares and other parts of Uttar Pradesh during the Medieval Period of India and dominated the intellectual life of the city and established an important presence at the Mughal and other north Indian courts.O'HANLON, Rosalind, 2010. Letters home: Banaras pandits and the Maratha regions in early modern India.
While their group of friends were trying to move a heavy spiritual object, the chains and belt fell apart and stood exactly at 90 degree angles facing the center of the property. Again, the pandits told that the event was caused by Lord Narasimha Swamy's presence. As construction continued, a severe water drought occurred, and no water trucks were able to deliver any supplies. So they decided to put a borewell where it went till 850 feet and no water was found and was a subsequent failure.
In 1774, Hastings wrote to the Lord Chief Justice denying the idea that India was ruled by nothing more than "arbitrary wills, or uninstructed judgments, or their temporary rulers". Hastings was confident that the Hindus and other original inhabitants of India knew written laws, and these were to be found in ancient Sanskrit texts. Initially, no European in Calcutta knew Sanskrit so Hindu pandits' were hired for the job. The original Sanskrit text was translated into a local language, which was then ultimately re-translated into English.
The Pandits fled en masse from the state after which their houses were burnt by militants and their artwork and sculptures were destroyed. In August 2000, militant groups killed 30 Hindu pilgrims in what became known as the 2000 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre.Amarnath pilgrimage resumes, BBC, 2000-08-04 The Indian government blamed the Lashkar-e-Taiba for the killings. The BBC writes that "hundreds of Hindu labourers ha[d] been leaving the Kashmir Valley" in August 2000 due to targeted killings against Hindu workers.
The Jamaat-e-Islami Kashmir or Jamaat-e-Islami Jammu and Kashmir (JIJK) is a cadre-based Soco-religious-political organization in Jammu and Kashmir, distinct from the Jamaat-e-Islami Hind. The organisation's stated position on the Kashmir conflict is that Jammu and Kashmir is a disputed territory (Indian) and the issue must be sorted as per UN or through tripartite talks between India and Pakistan and the real representatives of Jammu and Kashmir. This organization was always against the exodus of Kashmiri pandits.
A year later, she performed with the highly regarded duo Pandits Rajan-Sajan Mishra who are exponents of Banaras Vocal Gharana. She also completed Sangeet Visharad in Indian Classical music, besides taking lessons of Hindustani Vocal from Mr. Gautam Mukherjee, son-in-law of Hemant Kumar in Mumbai. She was a contestant in the first season of the show, Star Voice of India, Chhote Ustaad. However, her major breakthrough came in the second season of the show, where she performed in a good way but was eliminated.
As the holes were curved inside, many famous brilliant pandits had tried and failed to make a pearl necklace. However, the intelligent teenage daughter of the minister succeeded in finding a solution for the challenge and made the necklace with the help of some ants by using a thread soaked in ghee. Impressed upon the extraordinary intelligence of the girl who made the pearl necklace, the ruling king wanted to marry her. But as the king was inferior in caste, the minister and his related families disagreed.
Ksheer Bhawani also known as Kheer Bhawani is a temple shrine in Kashmir dedicated to Goddesss Bhawani (Durga). The temple is constructed over a sacred spring; legend has it the water in the spring kept on changing when there's some danger in the valley Kashmiri Pandits has a keen belief in the Kheer Bhawani Temple. The temple is also linked with the great Indian epic Ramayana. It is believed that it was Lord Hanumana who brought Goddess Kheer Bhawani in Kashmir along with the Nagas.
J.K. Banerji in the book Encyclopaedia of Kashmir mentions "Outstanding among the Hindu Pandits who made important contributions to Persian poetry may be mentioned the name of Pandit Taba Ram Turki "Betab" whose Jang Nama reached classic heights." Further eminent historian and author Pandit Gwasha Lal Kaul in the same book Encyclopaedia of Kashmir mentions "Jangnama by Taba Ram Turki stands on the same footing as Shahnama of Firdausi". Betab's Masnawis are prescribed for Post Graduation studies in the University of Tehran (needs authentication).
Desai was then secretary to Mahatma Gandhi, who was a family friend to the Pandits in Kathiawar. Pandit and Sarup Nehru were subsequently introduced to each other and he proposed to her the following day, writing in one note that "I have come many miles and crossed many bridges to come to you—but in the future you and I must cross our bridges hand in hand". On 10 May 1921, the anniversary of the Indian Rebellion of 1857, they married,Nanda, Bal Ram (1962). The Nehrus Motilal and Jawaharlal.
This was naturally followed by flurry of other bogus claims of deceptions by Indian informants in the fields of Medicine, Astronomy, and Literature. Wilford tried to hide his fraudulent ways and wrote to H.H. Wilson that: > he was really disgusted with the blunders, anachronisms, contradictions, > etc,. of the puranics [Pandits versed in the Puranas] and their followers. With failing health and criticism, he gradually retreated from the study of Sanskrit literature to the study of Geography and gave up hopes of Christianising India via his pro-British propaganda.
First Tamil book was printed in Lisbon on 1554 AD with Romanized Tamil script. The introduction and early development of printing in South India is attributed to missionary propaganda and the endeavours of the British East India Company. Among the pioneers in this arena, maximum attention is claimed by the Jesuit missionaries, followed by the Protestant Fathers and Hindu Pandits. Once the immigrants realized the importance of the local language, they began to disseminate their religious teachings through that medium, in effect ushering in the vernacular print culture in India.
One of the first Aryan missionaries arriving in Trinidad was Pandit Bhai Parmānand in 1910.Richard Huntington Forbes, Arya Samaj in Trinidad: An Historical Study of Hindu Organizational Process in Acculturative Conditions, Ann Arbor: University Microfilms International 1985, p. 20-21. Later various other pandits followed him. In 1929, Pandit Mehtā Jaimīnī arrived and encouraged the construction of a building in Marabella where Hindi classes were held.Richard Huntington Forbes, Arya Samaj in Trinidad: An Historical Study of Hindu Organizational Process in Acculturative Conditions, Ann Arbor: University Microfilms International 1985, p. 20-54.
Venkata Krishna Dikshitar who was a court-poet of Shahuji I composed Natesa Vijayam. Apart from this, Bhaskara Dikshit wrote Ratnatulika while Veda Kavi wrote Vidya Parinayam and Jivananda In 1693, Shahuji I renamed Thiruvisanallur as Shahajirajapuram and made a gift of this village to 46 Pandits of his court. This village soon emerged as the hub of literary, art and architectural activity. Bhulokadevendra Vilasam,Athirupavathi Kalyanam,Sankaranarayana Kalyanam,Chandrikahasa Vilasa Natakam,Koravanji and Vishnu saharasraja vilasam are some works in Tamil drama which belong to this period.
One day, King Naranarayan held some debates in his court between the Pandits and Sankardev. King Naranarayan once asked the court poets to give him, in one day, a condensed version of the entire ten cantos of the Bhagawat Purana. When all Pundits said it was not possible to do so in such a short time, Sankardev took up the challenge and accomplished the feat in one night. After he had condensed the substance of the ten chapters of the Bhagawat Purana into a small booklet, he put it into a small wooden box.
The film also narrates how the minority Hindu Kashmiri Pandits were effectively cleansed from the valley as the majority of them fled the Islamic Terrorists. At several points in the movie, Kashmiri Muslims describe how the males are picked up and taken to Pakistan to be trained as terrorists. One former terrorist describes how his job will not be completed until Islam is spread through India and the World. He is prepared to die as he is firmly convinced he will go to heaven – though he cannot describe his concept of heaven.
At times Gundert had five Pandits in his house, discussing old Indian history, philosophy and religion and studying the classical Indian literature. At his numerous visits to the villages around Tellicherry, Gundert got in close contact with the people, collected as many words, phrases and proverbs as possible and spread the Gospel. During this period, he published around thirteen books in Malayalam. Many of the material – old Malayalam documents and scriptures from Tellicherry and other places in Malabar – which Gundert had collected he later gave to University of Tübingen.
"The death toll from the famine had been overwhelming by any standards. Some authorities had suggested that the population of Srinagar had been reduced by half (from 127,400 to 60,000) while others had estimated a diminution by three-fifths of the population of the entire valley." The ban on leaving the state was lifted and many Kashmiris subsequently left the Valley and migrated to the Punjab. During the famine, Pandits claimed lands left by Muslim cultivators who had migrated to the Punjab as uncultivated land and took ownership under the chakdari system.
Boyd, R. An Introduction to Indian Christian Theology, 119; 132-133. After returning to India in 1922 Appasamy became an editor of the Christian Literature Society. This enabled him to continue his studies, turning to Sanskrit texts as well as Tamil; for which he turned to Sanskrit pandits. He was particularly interested in ‘how Ramanuja had constructed into a theological system his deep personal experience of God.’Appasamy, A.J. "My Theological Quest – The Need for an Indian Theology", in The Christian Bhakti of A.J. Appasamy – A collection of his writings, Francis, T.D, 146.
During the colonial era, the Brahmins or Pandits were acknowledged as important interlocutors of Hindu laws and customs to the British colonial administration. The colonial assumptions about an unchanging Indian society led to the curious assemblage of Sanskrit studies with contemporary issues in most South Asian departments in the US and elsewhere. It was strongly believed that an Indian sociology must lie at the conjunction of Indology and sociology. Srinivas' scholarship was to challenge that dominant paradigm for understanding Indian society and would in the process, usher newer intellectual frameworks for understanding Hindu society.
Daily routines of Hindu priests would consist of prayers as much as four to six times per day and perhaps even more. Every morning pandits are in charge of bathing the deity with water and milk, clothing the deity with traditional wear and jewellery. After conducting the rituals, the priest offers food to devotees after it has been presented in front of the god referred to as prasad. Whilst the prasad is being handed out, the priests as well as the devotees engage in singing prayers praising the deity.
Police have often approached the judiciary, for enacting bans on social networking pages that disseminated Burhan's messages. In a video released in June 2016, he assured the Amarnath pilgrims of a safe passage but had threatened to attack proposed resettlement colonies for Kashmiri Pandits, in opposition to an Israel-like solution, and colonies for armed forces. He also urged the state-police to stay out of their way, threatening to attack all security forces. Although no attack has ever been traced back to him, he is believed to have masterminded several of them.
The Emperor is said to have sent a monk or monks to India or Scythia who returned carrying the Sutra of Forty-two Chapters on a white horse. The Sutra was received by the Emperor and housed in a temple built outside the walls of Luo Yang. It was China's first Buddhist temple. Other versions mentioned in the book Indian Pandits in the Land of Snow by Sri Sarat Chandra give the following legendary versions: The legends related to this temple have direct link to the emergence and spread of Buddhism in China.
Purana-Pravachana (expounding the Puranas) is a pravachan: a lecture about scriptures in which the pauranika (pravachan pandit) is a spiritual interpreter of the scriptures. Pravachans generally have a religious theme, usually the life of a saint or a story from an Indian epic. It is easier to listen to a pandit or purohit who is conducting a Pravachan to understand some of the scriptures. Pandits such as Paruthiyur Krishna Sastri elaborate on the significance of a shloka or scripture they read, providing several angles to look at a verse or word.
Being curved holes inside, many famous brilliant pandits had tried and failed to make a pearl necklace. However the intelligent teenage daughter of the minister could succeed in finding a solution for the challenge and making the necklace with the help of some ants by using a ghee applied thread making it a pearl necklace. Impressed up on the extraordinary intelligence of the girl who made the pearl necklace the ruling king wanted to marry her. But as the king was inferior in caste, the minister and his related families disagreed.
Following the migration of the Kashmiri Pandit community, various socio-political organisations have sprung up to represent the cause of the displaced community. The most prominent among these are the All India Kashmiri Samaj or AIKS, All India Kashmiri Pandit conference, Panun Kashmir & Kashmiri Samiti. These organisations are involved in rehabilitation of the community in the valley through peace negotiations, mobilisation of human rights groups and job creation for the Pandits. Panun Kashmir has made demands for a separate homeland for the community in the southern part of Kashmir.
He redecorates his apartment and makes arrangements with Pohl's grandmother to surprise Pohl when she returns to him. Several days after her return, Pohl leaves again for the U.S. and Sieveking travels to MERU, Holland for TM's 2008 Guru Purnima celebration and conference. Sieveking attends a presentation on the construction of a campus in the Brahmasthan (center point) of India, designed for 8,000 pandits who will recite vedic chants. At a meeting with Tony Nader, the new TM movement leader, another movement leader expresses dissent and Sieveking is told to stop filming.
A candidate for the world's largest kangri Kashmiri Pandits burn kangri on the occasion of a local festival called Teela Aetham, marking the end of winter season. Isband (Peganum harmala), aromatic seeds believed to push away negative energies, are burnt in a kanger to mark a good beginning to a party. Beyond Kashmir, people of the erstwhile Hill states of Himachal, Uttarakhand, and some parts of Nepal also use other local variants of Kangri. In 2015, a shopkeeper in Srinagar commissioned a kangri, described as the world's largest, to attract customers to his textile shop.
During his reign, Krishnachandra was highly influential for Hindu religious practices, for which reason Raja Rajballabh Sen of Bikrampur sought the assistance of Krishnachandra's pandits in supporting the overturning of the prohibition on widow remarriage after his own daughter was widowed young. However, Krishnachandra strongly opposed the measure. To illustrate his feelings, legend relates, he had the visitors served the meat of a buffalo calf. Offended, they rejected the food on their honor as orthodox Hindus, and when challenged indicated that though it was not explicitly prohibited it was not practice nor custom.
On hearing this, the Brahmins ordered further excavation and, to their astonishment, found three cylindrical Vigrahas, a small granite Elephant another flat vigraha buried under the hillock. On conducting Ashtamangalya Deva Prasna (traditional practice followed in Kerala temples) by eminent Astrologer and Pandits, it was found that the cylindrical Vigrahas are of Hariharaputhra (Ayyappa), Poorna and Pushkala (the two consorts of Hariharaputhra.) The flat idol was identified as Bhagavathy (Malikapurathamma). The Deva prasna also threw light on the origin of these idols. There was a Nampoodhiripad who used to regularly visit Aryankavu for darsan of Lord Ayyappa.
However, a few British magistrates and collectors began to suspect and its usage (as well as the reliance on pandits as sources of Hindu Law) was quickly deprecated. Vidyavagish had a brief falling out with Carey and separated from the group, but maintained ties to Ram Mohan Roy.Preface to "Fallacy of the New Dispensation" by Sivanath Sastri, 1895 In 1797, Raja Ram Mohan reached Calcutta and became a "bania" (moneylender), mainly to lend to the Englishmen of the Company living beyond their means. Ram Mohan also continued his vocation as pandit in the English courts and started to make a living for himself.
In particular, they strongly objected to the Vedic tradition of animal sacrifice with subsequent meat-eating, and to hunting. According to the famous Tamil classic, Tirukkuṛaḷ, which is also considered a Jain work by some scholars: > If the world did not purchase and consume meat, no one would slaughter and > offer meat for sale. (Kural 256) Some Brahmins—Kashmiri Pandits, Bengali Brahmins and Saraswat Brahmins—have traditionally eaten meat (primarily seafood). However, in regions with strong Jain influence such as Rajasthan and Gujarat, or strong Jain influence in the past such as Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, Brahmins are strict vegetarians.
The succeeding son of Jahangir, Shah Jahan, took offence at Guru Hargobind's declaration and after a series of assaults on Amritsar, forced the Sikhs to retreat to the Sivalik Hills. The ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur, moved the Sikh community to Anandpur and travelled extensively to visit and preach in defiance of Aurangzeb, who attempted to install Ram Rai as new guru. Guru Tegh Bahadur aided Kashmiri Pandits in avoiding conversion to Islam and was arrested by Aurangzeb. When offered a choice between conversion to Islam and death, he chose to die rather than compromise his principles and was executed.
In the center of the state was the Kashmir Valley, whose population was ethnically Kashmiri and overwhelmingly Sunni Muslim with a small Hindu Brahmin minority known as Pandits, while in the east was Ladakh whose population was ethnically and culturally Tibetan and practised Buddhism. In the northeast of the state was Baltistan where the people were ethnically related to Ladakhis but practised Shia Islam while in the Gilgit Agency the population was a mixture of diverse, mostly Shia groups.Bowers, Paul. 2004. "Kashmir." Research Paper 4/28 , International Affairs and Defence, House of Commons Library, United Kingdom.
She has received negative reception for some of her work. For 2008 Mumbai attacks, she was blamed for sensationalising the events, putting lives at risk and causing deaths by identifying on live television where the hotel guests might be located. Britta Ohm wrote in 2011 that Dutt is criticised for "secular shrillness", betraying the cause of Kashmiri Pandits, over-the-top nationalism in the reporting of Kargil conflict, and for soft- pedalling Hindutva. Dutt who was group editor of NDTV moved to the role of consulting editor in February 2015 and after 21 years, she left in January, 2017.
87 pct in Kashmir Valley want independence - poll, Reuters, 13 August 2007 A 2001 MORI survey of popular opinion in the then-state of Jammu and Kashmir, including the Kashmir Valley, found 92% respondents opposed to the state being divided on the basis of religion or ethnicity. Kashmiris reject war in favour of democracy, Frontline, 8 June 2002.MORI Survey in Jammu and Kashmir, South Asia Terrorism Portal, 2001. However, scholar Christopher Snedden states that the concept of Kashmiriyat has been 'romanticised' and Kashmiriyat could not prevent antipathy and rivalry between the Kashmiri Pandits and the Kashmiri Muslims.
Some authors have found evidence that these militants had the support of the Pakistani security establishment. The incidents of violence included the Wandhama Massacre in 1998, in which 24 Kashmiri Hindus were gunned down by Muslims disguised as Indian soldiers. Many Kashmiri Non- Muslims have been killed and thousands of children orphaned over the course of the conflict in Kashmir. The 2000 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre was another such incident where 30 Hindu pilgrims were killed en route to the Amarnath temple. In the Kashmir region, approximately 300 Kashmiri Pandits were killed between September 1989 to 1990 in various incidents.
According to Sikh sources, approached by Kashmiri Pandits to help them retain their faith and avoid forced religious conversions, Guru Tegh Bahadur took on Aurangzeb. The emperor perceived the rising popularity of the Guru as a threat to his sovereignty and in 1670 had him executed, which infuriated the Sikhs. In response, Guru Tegh Bahadur's son and successor, Guru Gobind Singh, further militarised his followers, starting with the establishment of Khalsa in 1699, eight years before Aurangzeb's death. In 1705, Guru Gobind Singh sent a letter entitled Zafarnamah, which accused Aurangzeb of cruelty and betraying Islam.
Mosque released statement in loud speaker asked Hindus to leave Kashmir without their women. On 19 January 1990, Kashmiri Pandits fled from Kashmiri due to atrocities such as killing and gang rape. On 21 January 1990, two days after Jagmohan took over as governor of Jammu and Kashmir, the Gawkadal massacre took place in Srinagar when the Indian paramilitary troops of the Central Reserve Police Force opened fire on a group of Kashmiri protesters in what has been described by some authors as "the worst massacre in Kashmiri history" (along with the Bijbehara Massacre in 1993).Schofield, Victoria.
This particular poem is dedicated to Molvi Abdul Hai, whose son Rizwan crossed over the border in the 1990s and was killed on the way back, dying unburied like many others. The poem "A History of Paisley", juxtaposes a story about Shiva and Parvati with the violence in Kashmir. The poem "Farewell" talks about how the Kashmiri Pandits had to flee during the violence in the 1990s. This poem is introduced with the epigraph "They make desolation and call it peace", by which Ali alludes that the whole population of Kashmir, both Hindu and Muslims, has become captive.
Tej Kumar Tikoo, Kashmiri Pandits offered three choices by Radical Islamists, India Defence Review, 19 January 2015. According to a number of authors, approximately 100,000 of the total Kashmiri Pandit population of 140,000 left the valley during the 1990s., , Other authors have suggested a higher figure for the exodus, ranging from the entire population of over 150,000, to 190,000 of a total Pandit population of 200,000, to a number as high as 800,000. The nature of the planned exodus has remain controversial, with the involvement of then Governor Jagmohan in organising a clandestine exodus been a subject of controversy.
In particular, it was disliked by the pandits themselves. In the eyes of the critics, according to Busch, "To be a vernacular writer was to exhibit both a linguistic and an intellectual failing". A large part of the success of Keshavdas can be attributed to the paradox that he used the Sanskrit tradition in his vernacular poetry. The literary status of Brij Bhasha was already becoming accepted among the common people in the generations immediately preceding him, in large part because of the Bhakti movement that sought to revitalise Vaishnavite Hinduism and which was centred on the towns of Vrindavan and Mathura.
Muslims were non-existent in the State's civil administration and were barred from officer positions in the military. Prem Nath Bazaz, one of the few Kashmiri Pandits who joined the movement for change, described the poor conditions of the Valley's Muslim population as such: > The poverty of the Muslim masses is appalling. Dressed in rags and barefoot, > a Muslim peasant presents the appearance of a starved beggar...Most are > landless laborers, working as serfs for absentee landlords. There was a famine in Kashmir between 1877-9 and the death toll from this famine was overwhelming by any standards.
The Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib is a historic gurdwara near Parliament House in New Delhi. It was built in 1783, after Sikh military leader Baghel Singh Dhaliwal (1730–1802) captured Delhi, on 11 March 1783, and his brief stay in Delhi, led to the construction of several Sikh religious shrines within the city. This one marks the site of cremation of the ninth Sikh Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur, after his martyrdom in November 1675 for saving Hindu Kashmiri Pandits, under orders of Aurangzeb. The Gurudwara Sahib is built near old Raisina village near Raisina Hill, at present Pandit Pant Marg, took 12 years to build.
Of the 2730 bodies uncovered in 4 of the 14 districts, 574 bodies were identified as missing locals in contrast to the Indian governments insistence that all the graves belong to foreign militants. Military forces in Jammu and Kashmir operate under impunity and emergency powers granted to them by the central government. These powers allow the military to curtail civil liberties, creating further support for the insurgency. The insurgents have also abused human rights, driving Kashmiri Pandits away from the valley of Kashmir, an action regarded as ethnic cleansing The government's inability to protect the people from both its own troops and the insurgency has further eroded support for the government.
On 25 August 2019, according to the India Today, the Kashmiri Pandit community in the US held a rally supporting the decision, saying that Article 370 was "discriminatory" towards minorities in the Kashmir region. At their rally, they told personal stories of their minority status in the Kashmir valley, the religious discrimination against them, their forced exodus in the 1990s, and they wanting to "go back to their homeland [valley]" which they left due to Islamic militancy. At an Atlanta rally, the protestors alleged that the Article 370 was high discriminatory against the resident "Shias, Dalits, Gujjars, Kashmiri Pandits, Kashmiri Sikhs" in the state, according to India Today.
Rahon is said to have been founded in the first century B.C. by Raja Raghab, a Brahmin ruler, who called it Raghupur, by which name it continued to be called in correspondence by the Pandits of the city until the twentieth century. After its founding, the city came into the possession of Gujars, who were eventually driven out by the Sikh Rajputs, who in turn succumbed to the Ghorewaha Rajputs, whose conquest of the country is put down as having occurred in the time of Muhammad Ghori (d. 1206 AD). The ruler Raja Rajpal renamed the town ‘Rahon’, reportedly as tribute to a lady named ‘Raho’.
Swayambu of Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy During 1998, Mr. Rama Krishna, a small shop owner from Bangalore and his friends who were developing a 2.75 acres residential layout near Agaram village, faced obstacles in selling a part of land. During the construction of the compound, a worker experienced feelings believed to be spiritually caused. They approached many astrologers and pandits to determine the cause, and were told that they were answers from Lord Lakshmi Narasimha. Swayambu of Sri Hanuman Since Mr. Rama Krishna Guptha was in his business and unaware of Poojas to be performed, he decided to perform Poojas or donate the land to someone who can perform them.
It stars Harpreet Sandhu and Reema Nagra in the lead role with Dilbag Brar and Kirat Bhattal. It is directed by Harpreet Sandhu. The year 2015 was attributed to a few directors who took the risk of taking up different subjects with some fresh stories and some fresh actors and villains. Diljit Dosanjh, Neeru Bajwa and Mandy Takhar-starrer Sardaar Ji was blockbuster film and even achieved milestone gross earning record, according to the film pandits. Second Blockbuster film was Amrinder Gill, Sargun Mehta, Aditi Sharma and Binnu Dhillon starrer, 1945 based rural Punjabi love story Angrej which did very well both in Punjab as well as abroad.
His successor, Shah Jahan, "took offense" at Guru Hargobind's sovereignty and after a series of assaults on Amritsar forced the Sikhs to retreat to the Sivalik Hills. Guru Hargobind's successor, Guru Har Rai, maintained the guruship in the Sivalik Hills by defeating local attempts to seize Sikh land and taking a neutral role in the power struggle between Aurangzeb and Dara Shikoh for control of the Timurid dynasty. The ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur, moved the Sikh community to Anandpur and travelled extensively to visit and preach in Sikh communities in defiance of Mughal rule. He aided Kashmiri Pandits in avoiding conversion to Islam and was arrested and confronted by Aurangzeb.
The main points of its agenda were the resolution of the Kashmir dispute based on the wishes of Kashmiris, peaceful relations between India and Pakistan, protecting the state's special status, return of Kashmiri Pandits and release of all politicians from detention. Faesal was one of the political leaders detained after the revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir. As he tried to take a flight to Turkey on 14 August 2019, he was stopped and later taken into preventive detention. He was first kept at the Centaur Hotel in Srinagar and then shifted to the MLA hostel where he spent the next six months.
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar criticised Mitra's command of Sanskrit grammar; some contemporaneous writers described him as having exploited Sanskrit Pandits in the collecting and editing of ancient texts without giving them the required credit. This criticism, however, has been refuted. Many of Mitra's text commentaries were later deemed to be faulty and rejected by modern scholars. His equating of extreme examples of Tathagata Tantric traditions from GuhyaSamaja Tantra scriptures in a literal sense and as an indicator of mainstream Buddhist Tantra, "the most revolting and horrible that human depravity could think of", were criticised and rejected, especially because such texts were long historically disconnected from the culture that created and sustained them.
Afterwards, the King celebrated his wedding to Sirikit Kitiyakara, and the date of his coronation was set for 5 May 1950. As the first Thai monarch to be crowned under a constitutional system, albeit under military control, several new innovations were added to his coronation ceremony. Due to the King's poor health, the customary three days of benediction before the coronation was shortened to just one day. The royal pandits who were to hand the King the anointment water, formerly drawn from the ranks of the nobility, were to be replaced by members of the House of Representatives, representing the provinces of the kingdom.
Aryabhata accurately calculated the Earth's circumference as 24,835 miles, which was only 0.2% smaller than the actual value of 24,902 miles. Aryabhatta was the first to prepare the Indian Almanac, better known as panchangam. Rural amateur astronomers still use the panchang, while some assist the pandits in drafting the annual almanac. Indian amateur astronomers use maps that, depending on experience and intentions, may range from simple planispheres through detailed maps of very specific areas of the night sky for getting involved in projects like photographing the whole sky, the Messier objects or observing the occultation of the stars by the Moon, or studying asteroids.
Since Shaivism was the popular religion at the time in the valley, Rinchen approached Devaswami, the religious head of the Shaivas, for initiation into the Hindu religion. Devaswami, after holding a secret meeting on the subject with prominent Kashmiri Pandits of the time, refused to accept Rinchen into Hinduism, because of Rinchen's low birth. Rinchan converted to Islam after coming into contact with Sayyid Sharfudin, a Sufi preacher commonly known as Bulbul Shah, who had come to Kashmir during the reign of Suhadeva. He changed his name to Sultan Sardarudin Shah after converting to Islam, and thus became the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir.
Gyalwang Shakya Rinchen Rinpoche suspected that maybe these vultures were the eight original scholars (pandits) from Nalanda University in India. Therefore, he sought confirmation in a dream and the eight scholars appeared and gave him a teaching. Based on the selection of this site by the vultures and the dream of the eight scholars, this location was chosen as the place where he built Nalanda Monastery. During Gyalwang Shakya Rinchen’s lifetime, Nalanda Monastery in Bhutan was a thriving Buddhist teaching institution with a renowned reputation. After Gyalwang Shakya Rinchen’s final thugdham (dzongkha) /maha Samādhi (pali/sanscrit), slowly the teachings stopped and the great institute lay dormant.
It is said he had many reasons to hate the Indian security forces, but the "most obvious one being that they didn't protect him and his family when he sought their help to escape the wrath of 'extreme' militants. So he now killed Jawans with an extra zeal and pleasure and made money from it." Hamid Bhatt got the name "Gada", meaning "fish", after an encounter with Indian security forces: Even after becoming a militant, Hamid Gada would come to pour milk over the goddess at the Hindu temple. Gada and his men were responsible for the killing of police, military personnel, pro-India militants and Kashmiri Pandits.
In an issue of The Theosophist, R. Ananthakrishna Sastri wrote that the work was written by "Pandits to escape persecution" during the time of Muslim rule in India. He further remarked that the work was "not in the style of ordinary Upanishads" and its words "appear to sound more like Arabic". Bhattacharya and Sarkar categorize Allopanishad as an "Islamic Work" and write that it was written by a Hindu courtier of Akbar, as an "apocryphal chapter of the Atharvaveda". Charles Eliot suggested that the work may have been written in connection with the Din-i-Ilahi movement, and wrote that the work "can hardly be described as other than a forgery".
From the Valley of Kashmir to the Hills of the North-eastern India Seva Bharati works tirelessly for the basic human rights. The campaign for the Kashmiri Pandits or the campaign for the Pardhees of Maharashtra (labeled at birth as criminal tribe) or the Chenchu tribals of Nallamala Andhra Pradesh or the Gonds of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh the campaign for a better life and rights continues. Pardhees are one of the 150 communities that the British notified as criminals in 1871. Though the Indian republic denotified them in 1952, 60 million of them continue to be social outcasts and victims at the hands of the police.
However, throughout the collection, Ali is hopeful for the return of the pandits and the return of peace. He does though write in "A Pastoral" that the return is only possible when "the soldiers return the keys". The collection also has a letter, "Dear Shahid", informing the world about a region from which no news is reported, and where violent death is common and "Everyone carries his address in his pocket so that at least his body will reach home". The usage of letters and post offices, harbingers of information, conveys Ali's search for information despite the lack of communications, even though everyone wants to share it.
Dáud Khán, the viceroy now went into Kathiawad and Nawanaagr to collect tribute, and on his return to Áhmedábád, married the daughter of the chief of Halvad in the Jhalawad. It is related that this lady, who was with child, on hearing of Dáud Khán's death cut open her womb and saved the child at the sacrifice of her own life. Dáud Khán, though an excellent soldier and strict disciplinarian failed to distinguish himself as a civil administrator. He introduced Dakhani pandits into official posts, who levied a fee called chithyáman from landholders and took taxes from the holdings of Sayads and otherwise made themselves unpopular.
In the summer of 1979, during a "World Peace Assembly" in Amherst, Massachusetts, the Maharishi invited TM and TM-Sidhi practitioners to come together for group meditation in Fairfield and ordered the construction of two domes for this purpose. University president, Bevan Morris, oversaw the effort and according to MIU, the domes were the first structures built for the purpose of group practice of the Maharishi's TM-Sidhi program (capacity 3,000). Construction began in the fall of 1979 and the first dome was inaugurated in December by the Maharishi. Ravi Shankar (later known as "Sri Sri Ravi Shankar") and two other Indian pandits chanted Vedic hymns during the inaugural ceremony.
Shiva travels to the hidden city of Ujjain along with his entourage to meet the chief of Vasudev pandits, Gopal. He explains how the Vayuputra council—an ancient tribe left by the previous Mahadev Lord Rudra, dwelling in remote land of Pariha in the West—train a member of their tribe as the Neelkanth when "evil" rises. Shiva comes to the conclusion that it was his uncle Manobhu, who turns out to be a former Vayuputra member, trained him as Neelkanth. Seeing that Meluha is the center of manufacturing the Somras, Shiva declares a holy war on the Kingdom and appeals the people to stop using the drink.
While there are four Jamia Masjids, there are more than 30 small Masjids and a Hindu temple. Ratnipora was also inhabited by thirty Hindu ( Kashmiri Pandits) households who lived in perfect harmony with their Muslim neighbours but had to leave their homes & hearths in the year 1990 due to disturbed situation in Kashmir valley. A stream namely Naalayay-Laar flows through Ratnipora, while there are four bridges connecting the two parts. To the southeast flows a river called Romush coming from Pahoo while to the southwest flows a stream namely "Bren Kuol" coming from Puchhal, and all the three streams meet Jehlum in southern outskirts of Ratnipora.
Many followers of the traditional religions who did not convert to Islam instead migrated to other parts of India. The migrants included some Pandits, although it is possible that some of this community relocated for economic reasons as much as to escape the new rulers. Brahmins were at that time generally being offered grants of land in other areas by rulers seeking to utilise the traditionally high literacy and general education of the community, as well as the legitimacy conferred upon them by association. The outcome of this shift both in population and in religion was that the Kashmir Valley became a predominantly Muslim region.
Keshavdas Mishra was a Sanadhya Brahmin, born in 1555 probably near to Orchha at Tikamgarh. There were many pandits among his ancestors and inferences from his writings suggest that, as would be typical of a pandit, the preferred language of his family, and that to which he was exposed as a child, was Sanskrit. Those ancestors included Dinakara Mishra and Tribikrama Mishra, who had both been rewarded by Tomara rulers in Delhi and Gwalior, as well as his grandfather, Krishnadatta Mishra, and his father, Kashinatha Mishra, who had both served as scholars to the rulers of Orchha kingdom. His elder brother, Balabhadra Mishra, was also a poet.
In 2011, the State Human Rights Commission (SHRC) asked for the reopening of the case. Militant organisations such as Hizb-ul-Mujahideen, Jamiat-ul-Mujahideen and Harkat ul- Ansar have been accused of carrying out rapes. The Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front has been accused of ethnic cleansing of using murder, arson, and rape as a weapon of war to drive out hundreds of thousands of Hindu Kashmiri Pandits from the region. Preview. Preview. Following the rise of rapes by the Indian armed forces and militants, HRW has submitted that the victims of raper suffer ostracism and there is a "code of silence and fear" that prevents people from reporting such abuse.
Till the 11th century AD, the Kashmiri Pandits celebrated Mitra (Mithra) Punim, on the fourteenth (full moon) night of the bright fortnight (shukla paksha) of the Hindu autumn month of Ashvin or Ashwayuja. On this night, they remembered Mitra (Mithra), the patron divinity of honesty, friendship, contracts and meetings, by lighting a diya for him. The next morning was called Mitra Prabhat (Bamdad-e-Mithra), or the Morning of Mitra. Lotuses, rose petals and marigolds, washed in the water of the rivers Vitasta (now called Vyeth or Jhelum), along with walnuts, fruits and milk or milk-based sweets, were kept on a decorated platter in the honor of Mithra.
Sieveking travels to Colorado, USA to speak with a publisher and TM apostate who donated large sums of money that the donor felt were not used wisely. According to Sieveking's narration, if he doesn't allow Lynch to see the final cut of his film, he will be sued by Lynch's lawyer. Sieveking travels to the pandit campus at the Bramasthan of India and after dressing up like a pandit he is given a tour of the facility and finds there are eight pandits performing vedic chanting. Sieveking attends a Hindu nighttime religious festival on the Ganges river where candles are placed on leaves and floated down the river.
Lawrence provided evidence that while many of the Kashmiri Pandit officials may have been individually gentle and intelligent, as a body they were cruel and oppressive. Scholar Ayesha Jalal states that the Maharajahs nurtured ties with Kashmiri Pandits and their Dogra kinsfolk in Jammu to trample on the rights of their subjects. Christopher Snedden also states that the Kashmiri Muslims were often exploited by the Kashmiri Pandit officials. Wingate and Lawrence spent many months in the rural hinterland of Kashmir and in an unprecedented manner brought to the fore the tensions that underlay Kashmiri society between the interests of the Hindu Pandit community and the numerically preponderant Kashmiri Muslim cultivators.
However, while both acknowledged the oppression of Kashmiri Muslims, the solutions offered by Lawrence and Wingate differed from each other. While both acknowledged the responsibility of the Kashmiri Pandit community in exacerbating the situation of the Muslim cultivating classes, Wingate was far more uncompromising in demanding that the privileges of the Pandit community be eliminated. However, Lawrence proposed to provide relief to Kashmir's cultivating class without eliminating the privileges of the Kashmiri Pandits. Gawasha Nath Kaul described the poor conditions of the Valley's Muslim population in his book Kashmir Then And Now and in it he wrote that 90 percent of Muslim households were mortgaged to Hindu moneylenders.
As with Bible translations into Bengali (his own work), and into Oriya, Sanskrit, Marathi, and Assamese (with the aid of local scholars) an important early stage of the Hindi Bible rests with the work of William Carey in Serampore.George Kurian The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization, 4 Volume Set - 2011 - Page 378 "With the aid of Indian pandits, Carey translated the entire Bible into six Indian languages – Bengali, Oriya, Sanskrit, Hindi, Marathi, and Assamese – and parts of it into 29 other languages. Though this had to be revised by John Parsons of Monghyr.Bihar district gazetteers: Volume 7; Volume 7 1957 "Carey at Serampur had translated the whole of Bible in Hindi by the end of 1819.
Among regional groups, it is found among West Bengalis (23%), New Delhi Hindus (20%), Punjabis (5%) and Gujaratis (3%). Among tribal groups, Karmalis of West Bengal showed highest at 100% (16/16) followed by Lodhas (43%) to the east, while Bhil of Gujarat in the west were at 18%, Tharus of north showed it at 17%, Chenchu and Pallan of south were at 20% and 14% respectively. Among caste groups, high percentages are shown by Jaunpur Kshatriyas (87%), Kamma Chaudhary (73%), Bihar Yadav (50%), Khandayat (46%)and Kallar (44%). It is also significantly high in many Brahmin groups including Punjabi Brahmins (25%), Bengali Brahmins (22%), Konkanastha Brahmins (20%), Chaturvedis (32%), Bhargavas (32%), Kashmiri Pandits (14%) and Lingayat Brahmins (30%).
The Gentoo Code (also known as A Code of Gentoo Laws or Ordinations of the Pundits) is a legal code translated from Sanskrit (in which it was known as ) into Persian by Brahmin scholars; and then from Persian into English by Nathaniel Brassey Halhed, a British grammarian working for the East India Company. Vivādārṇavasetu is a digest of Hindu law in 21 sections (taraṅga) compiled for Warren Hastings by the pandits. The translation was funded and encouraged by Warren Hastings as a method of increasing colonial hold over the Indies. It was translated into English with a view to know about the culture and local laws of various parts of Indian subcontinent.
A November 2007 conference for Pakistani and Indian women, "Connecting Women across the Line of Control (LOC)", was held in Kashmir. Discussion topics at the conference ranged from aiding victims of violence and untreated illnesses to mobilizing women in the political and social arenas. The participants "vehemently endorsed diplomacy and peaceful negotiations in order to further the India–Pakistan peace process; withdrawal of forces from both sides of the LOC; decommissioning of militants; rehabilitation of Kashmiri Pandits to rebuild the syncretic fabric of Kashmiri society; and rehabilitation of detainees". Regardless of ethnicity, the women worked together to find solutions to problems caused by the Kashmir conflict and end the decades-long feud.
D.L. Sheth, the former director of the Center for the Study of Developing Societies in India (CSDS), listed the Indian upper castes that constituted the middle class and were traditionally "urban and professional" immediately after Independence in 1947. This list included the Khatris from Punjab, Kashmiri Pandits, Nagar Brahmins and the South Indian Brahmins; Chitpawans and CKPs (Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhus) from Maharashtra; Kayasthas from northern India; the Probasi and the Bhadralok Bengalis; the Parsis; and the upper crusts of the Muslim and Christian communities. According to P.K.Verma, "Education was a common thread that bound together with this pan Indian elite" and almost all the members of these communities could read and write English and were educated beyond school.
Further information: Rape by militants and Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir Reports from Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch and the International Commission of Jurists have confirmed Indian reports of systematic human rights violations by militants which claim Jammu and Kashmir to be part of Pakistan. The Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) has also been blamed of carrying out human rights violations, ranging from kidnapping to ethnic cleansing of several hundred thousand Hindu Kashmiri Pandits. A 2010 US state department report blamed separatist insurgents in Kashmir and other parts of the country of committing several serious abuses, including the killing of security personnel as well as civilians, and of engaging in widespread torture, rape, beheadings, kidnapping, and extortion.
Among regional groups, it is found among West Bengalis (23%), New Delhi Hindus (20%), Punjabis (5%) and Gujaratis (3%). Among tribal groups, Karmalis of West Bengal showed highest at 100% followed by Lodhas (43%) to the east, while Bhil of Gujarat in the west were at 18%, Tharus of north showed it at 17%, Chenchu and Pallan of south were at 20% and 14% respectively. Among caste groups, high percentages are shown by Jaunpur Kshatriyas (87%), kamma (73%), Bihar Yadav (50%), Khandayat (46%)and Kallar (44%). It is also significantly high in many Brahmin groups including Punjabi Brahmins (25%), Bengali Brahmins (22%), Konkanastha Brahmins (20%), Chaturvedis (32%), Bhargavas (32%), Kashmiri Pandits (14%) and Lingayat Brahmins (30%).
Calcutta's intellectual life received a great boost in 1784 with the foundation of the Asiatic Society of Bengal by Sir William Jones, with the encouragement of Warren Hastings, himself no mean Oriental scholar. Jones worked closely with the pandits of the Kalighat Temple, together with the local ulema, in translating and producing new editions of rare and forgotten texts. His study of Sanskrit with Pandit Ramlochan at Nadiya led him to posit the existence of the Indo-European family of languages. Many distinguished scholars, English and Bengali, such as Henry Thomas Colebrooke, James Prinsep and Pandit Radhakanta Sarman would grace the society's meetings and publications over the following century, vastly enriching knowledge of India's culture and past.
In local parlance, the name 'Munsiyari' refers to a 'place with snow'. Situated on the banks of Goriganga river, it is a fast-growing tourist destination, and mountaineers, glacier enthusiasts, high altitude trekkers and nature lovers commonly use it as their hub or base camp. Munsiyari also falls on the ancient salt route from Tibet and is at the entrance of the Johar Valley, which extends along the path of the Gori Ganga river to its source at the Milam Glacier. It is inhabited mainly by people of a few different caste groups including the Shauka tribe, dalits or Scheduled Castes and people categorized in other general castes comprising Kshatriya's, Pandits with a few Sikhs, Christians and Buddhists.
Ven. Dr. Tampalawela Dhammaratana, French and Sri Lankan national, was born in Sri Lanka and received his traditional Buddhist education from Sangharaja Pirivena in Kandy and Sunetradevi University College. During his very early education, he had special privilege to study under the guidance of leading traditional Buddhist monastic scholars (Royal Pandits), in Sri Lanka and he became in proficient in Pali, Sanskrit and Sinhala languages and especially Theravada Buddhism. He received his Buddhist ordination under the instruction of Most Ven. Pitadeniye Sri Ratanapala Sangha Nayake Thera of Uva Wellassa Provinces in Sri Lanka and later he received his Higher Ordination in 1976 at Siam Maha Nikaya, Malwatte Chapter in Kandy, Sri Lanka.
He was first to expose that UPA Government sold Kashmir peace to remain in power and foremost in announcing that Shri Amarnath Shrine Board Land agitation is a pro- Nationalist and Anti- Separatist agitation. He took over PDP, APHC and NC Leadership for inciting communal tension in Jammu and Kashmir and actively took the cause of Kashmiri Pandits taking refuge in their own country. Sukhminderpal Singh Grewal took over the challenge of Congress Leadership on Nuclear Deal by posing several questions, which even today remain unanswered. He went on to dub Nuclear Deal as “Bofors Sequel” and corroborated his stand by citing several statements of National Security Advisor, Congress Government and US Government Leadership.
A 3rd century Nandi statue from Kashmir. Kashmir Shaivism is an influential tradition within Shaivism that emerged in Kashmir in the 1st millennium CE and thrived in early centuries of the 2nd millennium before the region was overwhelmed by the Islamic invasions from the Hindu Kush region., Quote: "After the demise of the Trika as a lineage in Kashmir in the late 13th century, due in large measure to the invasion of Islam, a few rare manuscripts of this important and complex text..." The Kashmir Shaivism traditions became nearly extinct due to Islam except for their preservation by Kashmiri Pandits. Kashmir Shaivism has been a nondualistic school, and is distinct from the dualistic Shaiva Siddhānta tradition that also existed in medieval Kashmir.
Buddhist Tantric texts began appearing in the Gupta Empire period Wayman, Alex; The Buddhist Tantras light on Indo-Tibetan esotericism, Routledge, (2008), page 23. though there are texts with elements associated with Tantra that can be seen as early as the third century.Williams, Tribe and Wynne; Buddhist Thought: A Complete Introduction to the Indian Tradition, chapter 7 By the eighth century Tantra was a dominant force in North India and the number of texts increased with numerous Tantric pandits writing commentaries. The earliest known datable Buddhist Tantra is possibly the Mahavairocana Tantra, which was mentioned and collected by the Chinese pilgrim Wu-xing (無行) c. 680 CE.Stephen Hodge, The Mahā-vairocana-abhisaṃbodhi Tantra, with Buddhaguhya’s Commentary (London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003), 14–15.
Later in the 16th century, Tegh Bahadur became guru in 1665 and led the Sikhs until 1675. Teg Bahadur was executed by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb for helping to protect Hindus, after a delegation of Kashmiri Pandits came to him for help when the Emperor condemned them to death for failing to convert to Islam. At this point Aurangzeb had instituted forceful conversions for which they would charge citizens with various accusations granting them to have charges and execution waved off if they converted this led to a high increase of violence between the Sikhs and Hindus as well as rebellions of Aurangzeb's empire. This is an early example which illustrates how the Hindu-Muslim conflict and the Muslim-Sikh conflicts are connected.
Stone pelting was reported from many parts of Kashmir, including transit camps of Kashmiri Pandits. Train services and the pilgrimage to Amarnath Temple were suspended. All state board exams were postponed, while the Srinagar Jammu National Highway was shut to traffic. By the end of the day, over 200 people were injured and 11 protesters were killed.J&K;: 11 killed, over 200 hurt as Burhan Wani’s death sparks violence, protests, Indian Express, 10 July 2016. By 10 July, more than 20 were confirmed to have died during the unrest. More than 300 CRPF personnel were reported to have been injured. In addition, many vehicles and buildings belonging to security forces were attacked during the day with a number of them being set ablaze.
Indian social activist and writer Harsh Mander, reviewing the book in The Indian Express, calls out Karan singh to not address the "profound critique of Hinduism by Ambedkar" and points out that the book is "silent about the massacre of Muslims in Jammu in 1947, the traumatic expulsion of Kashmiri Pandits from the Valley, and decades of militancy." > "He records his conviction that what he did was for the “national good”, and > that “all the risks and dangers were worth taking if it served the country”. > But history would require much more searching self-critical introspection > with hindsight, of unhealed wounds left by these momentous political > decisions, destined to cast their long shadows for decades." Historian Harbans Singh has called the book "a must read".
Guide (1965) starring Dev Anand, was probably the best of his work during the time with all the songs super-hits as well as the film; however, it did not receive the Filmfare Award in the best music director category for that year, which remained always a discussion among the Bollywood film pandits. Aradhana (1969) is considered another landmark score in Bollywood history. The music of the movie shaped the careers of singer Kishore Kumar, lyricist Anand Bakshi and filmmaker Shakti Samanta. According to the director Shakti Samanta, originally, Mohammed Rafi was supposed to have sung all the songs in the film (he sang only two song), but he was on 2 month long tour and they didn't want to wait for 2 months.
Sri Raghavendra Swamy Mutt, Mantralayam Shri Raghavendra Math, better known as Rayara Math (popularly known as Shri Raghavendra Swamy Mutt, formarly known as Shri Kumbakonam Math) is one of the three premier Dvaita Vedanta monasteries (matha) descended through Vibudhendra Tirtha (a disciple of Ramchandra Tirtha of Uttaradi Math) and their disciples based in Mantralayam. Raghavendra Matha is located on the bank of Tungabhadra River in Mantralayam in Adoni taluk of Kurnool district in Andhra Pradesh, India. Raghavendra Math, along with Uttaradi Math and Vyasaraja Math are considered to be the three premier apostolic institutions of Dvaita Vedanta and are jointly referred as Mathatraya . It is the pontiffs and pandits of the Mathatraya that have been the principle architects of post-Madhva Dvaita Vedanta through the centuries.
Navalpakkam is a small village located in Vandavasi taluk in Tiruvannamalai district of Tamil Nadu known as S Navalpakkam and 'S' stands for 'Shotriam' Navlpakkkam is also known as Jambupura keshtram in sanskrit Jambu means Black berriesTree, Kshetram means Place. Which means we can find more Black berry trees in Navalpakkam Navalpakkam is famous for Srinivasa Perumal temple established by Srinivaasachariyar and subsequently developed by his son Ayya Kumara thathadesikan This Srinivasa perumal Temple is being managing from generations of Neelamegathathachariyars. The Neelamegathathachariyar is the first son of Ayya kumara thathadesikan The village is known for Sanskrit scholar And Veda Pandits. The festivals (Utsavams) of Srinivas Perumal temple were celebrated in great manner The annual "Bramostavam" (festival) for the Lord Srinivasa is widely celebrated.
Among the many accomplishments of the Survey were the demarcation of the British territories in India and the measurement of the height of the Himalayan giants: Everest, K2, and Kanchenjunga. The Survey had an enormous scientific impact as well, being responsible for one of the first accurate measurements of a section of an arc of longitude, and for measurements of the geodesic anomaly which led to the development of the theories of isostasy. The native surveyors made use of in the Himalayas, especially in the Tibetan region where Europeans were not allowed, were called pandits, who included the cousins Nain Singh Rawat and Krishna Singh Rawat.Peter Hopkirk, 1982, "Trespassers on the Roof of the World: The Race for Lhasa", Oxford University Press.
Domenic Marbaniang, Secularism in India, 2005 as cited by Shiv Shankar Das in "Buddha Dharma, Secular Laws and Bahujan Politics in Uttar Pradesh", Madhya Pradesh Journal of Social Sciences, Vol.19. No.1, June 2014, p. 121 By the mid-19th century, the British Raj administered India, in matters related to marriage, inheritance of property and divorces, according to personal laws based on each Indian subject's religion, according to interpretations of respective religious documents by Islamic jurists, Hindu pundits and other religious scholars. In 1864, the Raj eliminated all religious jurists, pandits and scholars because the interpretations of the same verse or religious document varied, the scholars and jurists disagreed with each other, and the process of justice had become inconsistent and suspiciously corrupt.
He resisted the forced conversions of the Hindu Kashmiri Pandits and non-Muslims, Quote: "The Guru's stance was a clear and unambiguous challenge, not to the sovereignty of the Mughal state, but to the state's policy of not recognizing the sovereign existence of Indians, their traditions and ways of life". to Islam and was publicly killed in 1675 on the orders of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in Delhi for himself refusing Mughal rulers and defying them.; ; ; Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib and Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib in Delhi mark the places of execution and cremation of his body. His martyrdom is remembered as the Shaheedi Divas of Guru Tegh Bahadur every year on 24 November, according to the Nanakshahi calendar released by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee in 2003.
D.L. Sheth, the former director of the Center for the Study of Developing Societies in India (CSDS), lists Indian communities that constituted the middle class and were traditionally "urban and professional" (following professions like doctors, lawyers, teachers, engineers, etc.) immediately after Independence in 1947. This list included the Kashmiri Pandits, the Nagar Brahmins from Gujarat; the South Indian Brahmins; the Punjabi Khatris, and Kayasthas from northern India; Chitpawans and CKPs(Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhus) from Maharashtra; the Probasi and the Bhadralok Bengalis; the Parsis and the upper crusts of Muslim and Christian communities. According to P.K.Verma, "Education was a common thread that bound together this pan Indian elite" and almost all the members of these communities could read and write English and were educated beyond school.
The Anargharāghava (Devanagari ) is a dramatised retelling of the Ramayana, and one of the most challenging pieces of classical Sanskrit poetry. It is the only surviving work by ', a Brahmin court poet, who lived some time between the 8th and 10th century CE, perhaps in Orissa or in neighbouring South India. Because of its elegant style, learned allusions and often striking imagery, the poem has been a great favourite among pandits , although it received little attention in the West until recently. The well-known epic story of Rama’s exploits is presented as a series of political intrigues and battles, and contrasted with lyrical passages of various kinds: on love and war, pride and honor, gods and demons, rites and myths, regions and cities of ancient India.
Some authorities suggested that the population of Srinagar had been reduced by half while others estimated a diminution by three-fifths of the entire population of the Valley. During the famine of 1877-9 not a single Pandit died of starvation during these annihilative years for the Muslim cultivators, according to reports received by Lawrence. During the famine the office of Prime Minister was held by a Kashmiri Pandit, Wazir Punnu, who is said to have declared that there was no real distress and that he wished that no Musulman might be left alive from Srinagar to Rambhan (in Jammu). When lands fell fallow temporarily during the famine, Pandits took over substantial tracts of them claiming that they were uncultivated waste.
The ninth Sikh Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur were beheaded here on 11 November 1675 on the orders of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb when Guru Tegh Bahadur protested against the forceful conversion of Kashmiri Pandits and dharmic people to Islam. However, before their body could be quartered and exposed to public view, it was stolen under the cover of darkness by one of his disciples, Lakhi Shah Vanjara who, then burnt his house to cremate Guru's body; today, at this site stands Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib. The trunk of the tree beneath which the head of the Guru was severed and the well used by him for taking bath during his prison term have been preserved in the shrine. Also, adjoining the gurudwara, stands the Kotwali (police station), where Guru was imprisoned and his disciples were tortured.
The theory of Kashmiri descent from lost tribes of Israel was first suggested by Al-Biruni, the famous 11th-century Persian Muslim scholar. According to Al Biruni, "In former times the inhabitants of Kashmir used to allow one or two foreigners to enter their country, particularly Jews, but at present they do not allow any Hindus whom they do not know personally to enter, much less other people." François Bernier, a 17th-century French physician and Sir Francis Younghusband, who explored this region in the 1800s, commented on the similar physiognomy between Kashmiris and Jews, including "fair skin, prominent noses," and similar head shapes. Baikunth Nath Sharga argues that, despite the etymological similarities between Kashmiri and Jewish surnames, the Kashmiri Pandits are of Indo-Aryan descent while the Jews are of Semitic descent.
There are several other festivals and Puja rites peculiar to Kashmiri Pandits, some of them dating back to hoary antiquity. One such distinctly Kashmiri festival is Khetsimavas or Yakshamavasya which is celebrated on the amavasya or the last day of the dark fortnight of Pausha (December–January). Commemorative of the coming together and co-mingling of various races and ethnic groups in prehistoric Kashmir, khichari is offered on this day as sacrificial food to Kubera indicating that the cult of Yaksha existed there from very early times. Khetsimavas appears to be a folk-religious festival - a pestle, or any stone in case that is not available, is washed and anointed with sandalwood paste and vermilion on this evening and worshipped taking it to be an image of Kubera.
Kashmiri Pandits celebrate their New Year's Day on the first day of the bright half of the month of Chaitra (Mar–Apr) and call it Navreh - the word navreh, derived from the Sanskrit nava varsha, literary meaning ‘new year’. The Kashmiri Pandit families that migrated to the plains before 1900 also celebrate Navreh. On the eve of Navreh, a platter of unhusked rice with a bread, a cup of curd, a little salt, a little sugar candy, a few walnuts or almonds, a silver coin, a pen, a mirror, some flowers (rose, marigold, crocus, or jasmine) and the new panchanga or almanac is kept and seen as the first thing on waking up in the morning. This ritual is more or less the same as the Iranian Haft-Seen and Zoroastrian Nowruz.
It played a key role in the development and popularisation of the Sharada script in North India, causing the script to be named after it, and Kashmir to acquire the moniker "Sharada Desh", meaning "country of Sharada". As one of the Maha Shakti Peethas, Hindus believe that it represents the spiritual location of the goddess Sati's fallen right hand. Sharada Peeth is one of the three holiest sites of pilgrimage for Kashmiri Pandits, alongside the Martand Sun Temple and the Amarnath Temple. As part of INR1200 crore Morni to Kalesar tourism development plan announced in January 2019, Government of Haryana is developing the historic Sharda Mata Temple of Chotta Trilokpur, along with Kalesar Mahadev temple, Kapal Mochan Tirth, Panchmukhi Hanuman temple of Basatiyawala, Lohgarh fort capital of Banda Singh Bahadur.
Correction of imbalances discovered through Maharishi Jyotish is possible, the Maharishi said, through the performance of "yagyas" by vedic pandits in India. Yagyas are ceremonies designed to restore the balance between the individual and the environment. Yagyas performed on Maha Shivaratri, (the day of Shiva), are said to enliven spiritual and material aspects of one's consciousness, and to promote progress in all areas of life; those performed on Maha Lakshmi are said to bring prosperity, growth and good fortune; while those performed on Akshaya Tritiya are said to enhance lasting success in one's activities.Cynthia Ann Humes, "Maharishi Ayur-Ved," chapter 16 in Andrew Skolnick describes Maharishi Yagyas as Hindu ceremonies to appease the gods and beseech their help on behalf of afflicted followers that can cost tens of thousands of dollars, and which the patient neither takes part in nor witnesses.
This force was opposed near the town of Etawah by Kishan Rao and Bala Rao Pandits, who were defeated and compelled to seek safety in flight across the Yamuna. Siege was then laid to the fort of Etawah by Mohsin Khan; but the fort was soon surrendered by its commander, and the district fell into the hands of the Rohillas. The occupation, however, was merely nominal at first; the zamindars refused to pay revenue to Inayat Khan and, secure in their mud forts set his authority at defiance. Strong reinforcements were sent to the Rohillas, including some artillery, under Sheikh Kuber and Mullah Baz Khan, and many of the smaller forts were levelled to the grounds; but in their ravine fortresses the zamindars of Kamait in the trans-Yamuna tract still resisted the authority of Inayat Khan.
In 1835, the British began creating a criminal code that would replace the existing criminal code which was a complex conflicting mixture of laws derived from Muslim texts (Quran) and Hindu texts (Shastras), and this common criminal code was ready by 1855. These changes were welcomed by Hindu law reform movement, but considered abrogating religion-defined rules within the Muslim law. The changes triggered discontent, call for jihad and religious war, and became partly responsible for the 1857 Indian revolt against the British rule. In 1864, after the East India Company was dissolved and India became a formal part of the British Empire, Anglo-Hindu law entered into a second phase (1864–1947), one in which British colonial courts in India relied less on the Muslim Qadis and Hindu Pandits for determining the respective religious laws, and relied more on a written law.
It was here at Anandpur that on Baisakhi of 1699, Guru Gobind Singh inaugurated the Khalsa and the Panj Piare (the five beloved ones); hence inaugurating the order of Saint-Soldiers who pledged their dedication to defend the needy, poor and oppressed and their respective social, economic and political rights. This was a tradition of one of the world's greatest martyrs Guru Tegh Bahadur (the 9th Guru) who laid down his life in the defense of the Hindus on behalf of the Pandits of Kashmir. The order of the Khalsa, at the wish of Guru Gobind Singh's would henceforth be distinguished by five symbols (a uniform of 5Ks), viz. Kes (uncut hair), Kangha (comb), Kacherra (drawers), Kara (an all-steel bracelet) and Kirpan (a sword) so that they could easily be recognized by anyone under attack.
Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan in which China is playing a third-party role. Conflict started after the partition of India in 1947 as both India and Pakistan claimed the entirety of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir with Pakistan recognizing Chinese sovereignty over the Trans-Karakoram Tract and Aksai Chin since 1963. India controls 70% of its population and approximately 55% of the land area including Jammu, Kashmir Valley, most of Ladakh, and Siachen Glacier. Pakistan controls approximately 30% of land including Azad Kashmir and Gilgit- Baltistan, however Kashmir’s king gave the complete Kashmir to India since the population of Kashmir was majorly of Kashmiri pandits who were killed brutally in 1990s by Muslim population, and China controls the remaining 15% of the land including Aksai Chin and mostly uninhabited Trans-Karakoram Tract, and part of the Demchok sector.
He became president of the Bengal Brahman Sabha, an organisation that claimed to represent a wide range of Brahman people within its territorial remit. He also headed a Brahman organisation that claimed to provide rulings regarding what it considered to be matters of Hindu tradition, and which was known as the Nadia College of Pandits. While many social reformers of the time saw caste as an outmoded and pernicious institution that served to restrict the development of India as a nation, Bhattacharya was among those who saw its traditional form as a glorious institution that was symbolic of and central to the entire concept of Hinduism and also to the country as an entity. The traditional caste-related notions, including that of varna, were things that in the past had marshalled the country into an orderly togetherness despite its diversity and the frequency with which it was invaded.
The Saraswathi Mahal library was started by Nayak Kings of Tanjavur as a Royal Library for the private intellectual enrichment of Kings and their family of Thanjavur (see Nayaks of Tanjore) who ruled from 1535 CE till 1676 CE. The Maratha rulers who captured Thanjavur in 1675 promoted local culture and further developed the Royal Palace Library until 1855. Most notable among the Maratha Kings was Serfoji II (1798–1832), who was an eminent scholar in many branches of learning and the arts. In his early age Sarfoji studied under the influence of the German Reverent Schwartz, and learned many languages including English, French, Italian and Latin. He enthusiastically took special interest in the enrichment of the Library, employing many Pandits to collect, buy and copy a vast number of works from all renowned Centres of Sanskrit learning in Northern India and other far-flung areas.
He built Akal Takhat the Throne of the Immortal and it is the highest political institution of the Sikhs and he also wore two swords of Miri and Piri. When Kashmiri Pandits were being forcefully converted to Islam my Aurangzeb Guru Tegh Bahadur (ninth Guru) was tortured and beheaded for refusing to convert by Aurangzeb at Chandni Chowk in Delhi, fellow devotees Bhai Mati Das, Bhai Sati Das and Bhai Dayala were also tortured and executed, while Guru Tegh Bahadur was forced to watch. Tenth Guru Guru Gobind Singh formed Khalsa known as Army of Akal Purakh (Immortal) and Gave 5 Ks to Khalsa. Roughly 20 percent of the Khalsa is of Muslim descent Two of the younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh ;Sahibzaade Fateh Singh aged 7 and Sahibzaade Zorawar Singh aged 9 were bricked up alive by the governor Wazir Khan in Sirhind (Punjab).
As opposition to Indian rule mounted, due to India's failure to uphold its promises to the Kashmiri people, growing Hindu chauvinism, threats to Kashmiri Muslim identity, rigged elections, the failure of the state to provide jobs to an increasing number of educated youth in the public sector and the continued domination of the administrative service by Kashmiri Pandits the Jamaat found an increase in its support. However, the mounting support for the Jamaat was also contributed in part to its advocacy of piety and social Islamisation programs. The Jamaat in particular appealed to lower middle class young men from towns such as Srinagar, Baramulla and Sopore and were typically from the first generation of educated members of their families. This class was disillusioned with the popular Sufism of Kashmiri shrines which they came to see as 'un-Islamic' and also found in the Jamaat a medium for political assertion.
During this period, he met Mughal Beg, a Muslim, whom Wilford later described as his "friend"; Mughal Beg appears to have been a Pundit or Pandit – native surveyor -, an aide for the survey involved in carrying out large scale exploration for Wilford in North-western India-Southern Punjab and Bawalpur -, in the late 1790s. He became the member of the Sanskrit scholars and Orientalists circle associated with Asiatic Society of Bengal that included William Jones, Charles Wilkins, H.H. Wilson, and H.T. Colerooke. He retired from army in 1794 and then settled in Benares where he became the Secretary to the committee of Sanskrit College, Varanasi – recently founded by British resident Jonathan Duncan in the city – funded by East India Company for the training of Pandits in Sanskrit language and literature. Wilford exercised great influence in the college, including efforts to get his own nominee for the position of Chief Pandit, just before his death too.
Arundhati Roy, Azadi, Outlook India, 25 July 2016. Panun Kashmir, an organisation for displaced Kashmiri Pandits said on 22 July that the union government should recognise the "fundamentalist upsurge" in Kashmir and asked it to take immediate steps to prevent it from becoming an "Islamist-controlled territory". It also demanded that the government publish a report detailing attacks on Kashmiri Hindus. Hurriyat chairman Syed Ali Shah Geelani on 16 July wrote a letter to several international bodies and Heads of States in several countries outlining six measures that the Indian government should take for return of normalcy in the valley: acceptance of Kashmir's disputed status along with right to self- determination, demilitarization of the valley, repealing of AFSPA and the Public Safety Act, release of all political prisoners in Kashmir along with restoration of their right to political activity, allowance to all international human rights and humanitarian organizations for working in the state and ensuring free political space to all parties in the state.
According to Bayly, the preferred method of Wilford was to sit in the company of Pandits and other Hindus, recite together with them stories from puranic and western mythology, scripture and history, finding matches and points of similarity. This correspondence was a key to find a linguistic match between similar words; thus, Misra in the Puranas was Al-Misr – ancient name for Egypt. Nigel Leask, an author, in his Francis Wilford and the colonial construction of Hindu geography, 1799–1822 says "properly speaking, there was no such thing as ancient 'Hindu geography', Wilford was led to admit that his work was more in the nature of a construction than a simple translation of his sources." Leask points that: > Sanskrit Cosmography had been metamorphosed into geography by 'follow[ing] > the track, real or imaginary, of [Hindu] deities and heroes; comparing all > their legends with such accounts of holy places in the regions of the > west...preserved by Greek mythologists; and endeavouring to provide the > identity of the places by the similarity of the names and remarkable > circumstances'.
Note that Farsi is an Arabization of the word Parsi, which is used as an endonym of Persian, and the Persian language is spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and some other regions of the former Persian Empire. The long presence of the Parsis in India distinguishes them from the smaller Zoroastrian Indian community of Iranis, who are much more recent arrivals, mostly descended from Zoroastrians fleeing the repression of the Qajar dynasty and the general social and political tumult of late 19th- and early 20th- century Iran. D.L. Sheth, the former director of the Center for the Study of Developing Societies in India (CSDS), lists Indian communities that constituted the middle class and were traditionally "urban and professional" (following professions like doctors, lawyers, teachers, engineers, etc.) immediately after Independence in 1947. This list included the Kashmiri Pandits, the Nagar Brahmins from Gujarat; the South Indian Brahmins; the Punjabi Khatris, and Kayasthas from northern India; Chitpawans and CKPs (Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhus) from Maharashtra; the Probasi and the Bhadralok Bengalis; the Parsis and the upper echelons of Muslim and Christian communities.
Amongst other activities, the AIKS has been working towards highlighting the suffering of the Kashmiri Pandit community, working towards providing timely and adequate relief for the migrants outside Jammu and Kashmir, implementation of the employment package for KP youth as well as providing a special package for Kashmiri Pandits that stayed behind in Kashmir during the exodus of the 1990s. In November 2012, the AIKS President Moti Kaul has made a demand to the Government of India for immediate enhancement of cash relief, implementation of employment package and better living conditions at migrant camp at Jagti in Jammu region of the Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir. Kaul has also accused the Indian Central Government and the J&K; State government for being insensitive to the requirements of the displaced Kashmiri Pandit community and for not taking adequate action for 22 years. AIKS has no youth wing, but encourages youth of the community to join the organization to be the second line leaders to take over the leading role in due course of time.
According to a TM website, the performance of yagyas by 7,000 pandits in India, plus hundreds of Yogic Flyers in Germany, brought "coherence and unity in the collective consciousness of Germany" and caused the fall of the Berlin Wall. One religion scholar, Michael York, considers the Maharishi to have been the most articulate spokesman for the spiritual argument that a critical mass of people becoming enlightened through the practice of "meditation and yogic discipline" will trigger the New Age movement's hoped-for period of postmillennial "peace, harmony, and collective consciousness". Religious studies scholar Carl Olson writes that the TM technique was based on "a neo-Vedanta metaphysical philosophy in which an unchanging reality is opposed to an ever-changing phenomenal world" and that the Maharishi says it is not necessary to renounce worldly activities to gain enlightenment, unlike other ascetic traditions. According to author Jack Forem, the Maharishi stated that the experience of transcendence, which resulted in a naturally increasing refinement of mind and body, enabled people to naturally behave in more correct ways.
Acting as rector of the Jesuit residence in Agra since 1659, he was involved in the persecution under Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb. Next to learning the Persian, Kannada and Hindustani languages, Roth at Agra for several years also acquired a profound knowledge of classical Sanskrit grammar and literature from local pandits. The French explorer and philosopher Francois Bernier, who got acquainted with Roth in these years, got to appreciate him as one versed in expert knowledge of the culture and philosophy of religions in IndiaBernier mentions Roth several times in his Voyage dans les États du Grand Mogol, Paris, 1671 (cf. the English translation in Travels in Hindustan, new ed., Calcutta, 1904, pp. 109 sqq.) In 1662, joined by fellow Jesuit Johann Grueber, who was on his way back from China, Roth revisited Europe by the land route via Kabul, and arrived in Rome in February 1664. Athanasius Kircher, in his monumental work China illustrata, published their itinerary, Roth’s description of the Sanskrit alphabet, and some short excerpts of Roth’s other works.Athanasius Kircher: China monumentis qua sacris qua profanis nec non variis naturae et artis spectaculis aliarumque rerum memorabilium argumentis illustrata. Amsterdam 1667; pp. 91 sqq.
One reason for this was the emergence of Sikh revivalist groups, like the Nirankaris, the Namdharis, and the Singh Sabha movement, shortly after annexation; this revivalism was spurred by a growing disaffection within the ranks of ordinary Sikhs about the perceived decline of proper Sikh practices. Sikh institutions deteriorated further under the administration of the mahants, supported by the British, who in addition to being considered as ignoring the needs of the Sikh community of the time, allowed the gurdwaras to turn into spaces for societal undesirables like petty thieves, drunks, pimps, and peddlers of unsavory and licentious music and literature, with which they themselves took part in such activities. In addition, they also allowed non- Sikh, Brahmanical practices to take root in the gurdwaras, including idol worship, caste discrimination, and allowing non-Sikh pandits and astrologers to frequent them, and began to simply ignore the needs of the general Sikh community, as they used gurdwara offerings and other donations as their personal revenue, and their positions became increasingly corrupt and hereditary. Some local congregations marshalled popular pressure against them and to relinquish control, but the large revenue derived from gurdwara estates empowered them to resist such pressure.
These changes were welcomed by Hindu law reform movement, but considered abrogating religion-defined rules within the Muslim law. The changes triggered discontent, call for jihad and religious war, and became partly responsible for the 1857 Indian revolt against the British rule.Rosie Llewellyn-Jones (2007), The Great Uprising in India: 1857-58, Boydell & Brewer, , pages 111-112David Cook (2005), Understanding Jihad, University of California Press, ISBN, pages 80-83 In 1864, after the East India Company was dissolved and India became a formal part of the British Empire, Anglo-Hindu law entered into a second phase (1864–1947), one in which British colonial courts in India relied less on the Muslim Qadis and Hindu Pandits for determining the respective religious laws, and relied more on a written law. A universal criminal code in India, that did not discriminate between people based on their religion, was adopted for the first time in 1864.JDM Derrett (1968), Religion, Law and State in India, Faber and Faber, London, It was expanded to include a universal procedural and commercial code by 1882, which overruled pre-existing Anglo-Hindu and Anglo-Muslim laws.

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