95 Sentences With "pamphleteers" | Random Sentence Generator

Both pamphleteers were hired by Oswald, rather than volunteers for the organization.

No one described political pamphleteers Thomas Paine or James Callender as responsible journalists of their day.

Pamphleteers like Sam Adams fought English-sympathetic newspapers by sensationalizing the early conflict in his writings.

If the Soviet Union couldn't surprise a platoon of pamphleteers, how can China survive an army of bloggers?

Even under British control, Heligoland was a beloved destination for throngs of German romantic painters, musicians, pamphleteers and poets.

Adams later arrested one of Jefferson's pamphleteers during the election of 1800 and tried to prosecute him under the Alien and Sedition Acts.

The pamphleteers were hired for a few minutes' work, and weren't involved in Oswald's political activities at all, let alone his assassination planning.

"There are genuine atrocities in Ireland but suddenly the pamphleteers realise that this sells and suddenly you get a pornography of violence when everyone is rushing to put out these incredibly violent and unpleasant stories, and people are rushing to buy them," says University of Southampton early modern history professor, Mark Stoyle, discussing the parliamentary pamphleteers' evolving tactics in the English Civil War.

"The family name, the foul details of the crime — the pamphleteers will have the time of their lives," predicts a member of the court.

And if the internet imploded entirely, and the major newspapers folded and local news outlets disappeared (ugh...) too, the partisan pamphleteers would rise again in their wake.

It's not like we can turn back the clock to a simpler age that never existed — pointed political rhetoric has been with us since the pamphleteers of the Revolutionary War.

Crude humor about public figures, on the other hand, predates not only Twitter and late-night television, but probably the pamphleteers of the 17th century and the town criers before them.

The museum was originally conceived as a faith-based endeavor, designed to spread the message of the gospel; early plans for the museum involved pamphleteers passing out tracts urging visitors to accept Christ.

The two artists were pitted as rivals and were subject to salacious and unfounded rumors regarding their integrity and conduct, particularly Le Brun, whose association with Marie Antoinette made her an active target of pamphleteers and letter writers.

Courts and civil libertarians used the amendment to protect speakers from government prosecution and censorship as it was practiced in the 20th century, such as the arrest of pamphleteers and the seizure of anarchist newspapers by the Post Office.

The man is referred to by JFK assassination experts as the "unidentified Cuban"; it's known that one of the pamphleteers was Charles Hall Steele Jr., a young man Oswald met at an unemployment office, but the shorter man hasn't been definitively identified.

Absent the inspiration and material backing of its state sponsors; the galvanizing spectacle of real-life, functioning Islamist regimes in Iran Afghanistan, the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), and elsewhere; the jihadist cause would have amounted to little more than a bunch of seething pamphleteers and failed revolutionaries.

Wood tracked down some of ISIS's most vocal propagandists and pamphleteers in the West, and far from being bumbling clowns—though there was certainly an element of cartoonishness in all of them—they offered cogent arguments for why the Islamic State was the only legitimate ruler of the Muslim world.

Though the quest for fresh political ideas predate modern think-tanks—be it colonial America's pamphleteers or Britain's Fabian Society, founded in 1884—they served a vital function in the 133th century by presenting government officials with thoughtful analysis and policy options that were more immediate and relevant than from academia (but ideally held to the same standard and often by practitioners holding the same qualifications).

Robert Gray Gunderson, Old Gentleman's Convention: The Washington Peace Conference of 1861. (1961) Pamphleteers North and South rarely mentioned the tariff.

1620 pamphlet mocking Frederick's flight from Prague. Contemporary pamphleteers – both Catholic and Protestant – were merciless in their portrayal of Frederick's flight from Prague. After Frederick's Garter was found in Prague, pamphleteers routinely portrayed him with his stockings falling down. On 21 January 1621, Ferdinand issued a decree against Frederick and Anhalt, accusing them of breach of peace, supporting rebels, and treason.

Throughout her career, her open-hearted generosity disarmed the pamphleteers. Among her admirers was Louis-Sextius de Jarente de La Bruyère, bishop of Orléans.Goncourt 1893, p. 68ff.

Hamilton, Ian. Keepers of the flame: Literary Estates and the Rise of Biography. London : Hutchinson, 1992Peacey, Jason. Politicians and Pamphleteers: Propaganda during the English Civil Wars and Interregnum.

Jason Peacey, Politicians and Pamphleteers (2004), pp. 149-150 and pp. 156-7. Early in 1652 he held two disputations at the house of William Webb in Bartholomew Lane, with Peter Chamberlen the third, on the questions: '1.

Her mother and a Catholic priest took her to Philadelphia. Nativist pamphleteers alleged kidnapping and murder and there was widespread public disorder. A Charlestown mobbed, inflamed by the handbills, came very close to storming the house of pastor Patrick F. Lyndon.Bennett, David Harry.

Tireless orators and propagandists, > prolific writers, journalists, pamphleteers, and initiators of multiple > enterprises, combatants at the barricades of July and October 1917, thanks > to their ever-working imaginations they have greatly contributed to creating > and sustaining both the life and the waste of this movement.

Szatmary, p. 133 Historians are divided on the impact the rebellion had on the ratification debates. Robert Feer notes that major Federalist pamphleteers rarely mentioned it and that some anti- Federalists used the fact that Massachusetts survived the rebellion as evidence that a new constitution was unnecessary.Feer, p.

Media activism has a long history in the United States including the revolutionary pamphleteers of the Revolutionary War, the abolitionist press in the decades leading up to the Civil War and the socialist press during the years of the labor movement such as The Appeal to Reason which supported the presidential candidate Eugene Debs.

The book was read and used by politicians as diverse as Jean-Baptiste Colbert, James Madison and Turgot. It was quoted and discussed by free trade pamphleteers in Britain and Physiocrats in France. It can be assumed that the book was also one of the sources of inspiration also for Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations.

Much of the public blamed Ernest for Sellis's death. The more extreme Whig papers, anti-royal pamphleteers, and caricaturists all offered nefarious explanations for Sellis's death, in which the Duke was to blame. Some stories had the Duke cuckolding Sellis, with the attack as retaliation, or Sellis killed for finding Ernest and Mrs. Sellis in bed together.

Fouché closed the Jacobin Club in a daring manner, hunting down those pamphleteers and editors, whether Jacobins or Royalists, who were influential critics of the government, so that at the time of the return of general Napoleon Bonaparte from the Egyptian campaign (October 1799), the ex-Jacobin was one of the most powerful men in France.

257 The Puritan pastor Richard Baxter classified Seekers, Ranters, Behmenists and Vanists together, as religious wild men.Orme, p. 1:81 He also cultivated pamphleteers and other surrogates to promote his political views. Henry Stubbe, introduced to Vane by Westminster head Richard Busby, became a supporter, and defended him in his Essay in Defence of the Good Old Cause, and in Malice Rebuked (1659).

While particularly calculated to appeal to Tories, the wide range of themes adopted by Jacobite pamphleteers and agents periodically drew in disaffected Whigs and former radicals: such "Whig-Jacobites" were highly valued by James II's exiled court, but seem to have mainly viewed him a potentially weak king from whom it would be easy to extract concessions in the event of a restoration.

"Big Media's" only strength is its depleting stocks of financial resources and their powerful presence during copyright investigations. Early social innovators, like Thomas Paine and other early American pamphleteers and muckrakers, set the stage for successive media revolutions. The most significant being worldwide, low-cost access to internet and having their own say about what is happening in the world.

Cassell published it in England in 1938. After the success of The Fountainhead, a revised edition of Anthem was published in the US in 1946 by Pamphleteers, Inc., a small libertarian-oriented publishing house owned by Rand's friends Leonard Read and William C. Mullendore.; A 50th Anniversary Edition was published in 1995, including an appendix which reproduces the Cassell edition with Rand's handwritten editorial changes.

In the place of the parlement, which had resigned, d'Aiguillon organised a tribunal of more or less competent judges, who were ridiculed by the pamphleteers and termed the bailliage d'Aiguillon. In 1768, the duke was forced to suppress this tribunal, and returned to court, where he resumed his intrigue with the parti devot and finally obtained the dismissal of the minister Choiseul (24 December 1770).

He is mentioned for constant attendance in the Westminster Assembly.James Reid, Memoirs of the Lives and Writings of Those Eminent Divines, who Convened in the Famous Assembly at Westminster, in the Seventeenth Century (1811), p. 83. He was approached to answer Milton's divorce tracts, as he wrote in 1659 to Richard Baxter.Jason Peacey, Politicians and Pamphleteers: Propaganda During the English Civil Wars and Interregnum (2004), p. 179.

Spas such as Bath, Epsom, and Tunbridge Wells became popular after 1550 for the rich. They enjoyed lawn bowling and dancing, as well as medical benefits. Puritan pamphleteers such as Philip Stubbes warned that these "tubs of pleasure" made drinking, gambling, and illicit sex available to all visitors.Heasim Sul, "The tubs of pleasure: Tudor and Stuart Spas." International journal of the history of sport 16.1 (1999): 148-158.

Pamphlets were used to broadcast the writer's opinions: to articulate a political ideology, for example, or to encourage people to vote for a particular politician. During times of political unrest, such as the French Revolution, pamphleteers were highly active in attempting to shape public opinion. Before the advent of telecommunications, those with access to a printing press and a supply of paper often used pamphlets to widely disseminate their ideas.

His friendship with Greene drew Nashe into the Harvey controversy, involving the brothers Richard and Gabriel Harvey. In 1590, Richard Harvey's The Lamb of God complained of the anti-Martinist pamphleteers in general, including a side- swipe at the Menaphon preface. Two years later, Greene's A Quip for an Upstart Courtier contained a passage on "rope makers" that clearly refers to the Harveys (whose father made ropes). The passage, which was removed from subsequent editions, may have been Nashe's.

Cotta did still agree with others like Reginald Scot that magic was clearly a factor in day-to-day life because many diseases displayed symptoms they could not understand, or did not respond to standard remedies. Also he asserted that eyewitness accounts were sufficient to charge a suspected witch with witchcraft.Chapter 6, Witch-hunting, Harold V. Routh, "The Advent of Modern Thought in Popular Literature: Witch Controversy; Pamphleteers" ch. 16, in The Cambridge History of English and American Literature, v.

Pamphleteers wrote tracts voicing the fear of a people who within living memory had experienced the Rule of the Major-Generals and had liked neither the imposition of military rule, nor the costs of keeping the New Model Army in being when the country was not at war with itself or others. People also remembered the "Eleven Years' Tyranny" of Charles I and feared that a standing army under royal command would allow monarchs in the future to ignore the wishes of Parliament.

John Streater (died 1687) was an English soldier, political writer and printer. An opponent of Oliver Cromwell, Streater was a "key republican critic of the regime"Jason Peacey, Politicians and Pamphleteers: Propaganda During the English Civil Wars and Interregnum (2004), p. 200. He was a leading example of the "commonwealthmen", one division among the English republicans of the period, along with James Harrington, Edmund Ludlow, and Henry Nevile.Ronald H. Fritze, William B. Robison, Historical Dictionary of Stuart England, 1603–1689 (1996), p. 121.

English personifications of Christmas were first recorded in the 15th century, with Father Christmas himself first appearing in the mid 17th century in the aftermath of the English Civil War. The Puritan-controlled English government had legislated to abolish Christmas, considering it papist, and had outlawed its traditional customs. Royalist political pamphleteers, linking the old traditions with their cause, adopted Old Father Christmas as the symbol of 'the good old days' of feasting and good cheer. Following the Restoration in 1660, Father Christmas's profile declined.

The Hardships was composed in the wake of the Excise Crisis of 1733. The controversy involved customs duties imposed at the instance of Robert Walpole, who hoped to reduce land taxes (disfavoured by the gentry, who were the majority of MPs at the time) by making up the shortfall with tariffs imposed on tobacco imports. This change met with fierce opposition. During the Crisis, political pamphleteers had argued that if one's property—and, hence, one's person—were subject to interference by another, one was not free.

English personifications of Christmas were first recorded in the 15th century, with Father Christmas himself first appearing in the mid 17th century in the aftermath of the English Civil War. The Puritan-controlled English government had legislated to abolish Christmas, considering it papist, and had outlawed its traditional customs. Royalist political pamphleteers, linking the old traditions with their cause, adopted Old Father Christmas as the symbol of 'the good old days' of feasting and good cheer. Following the Restoration in 1660, Father Christmas's profile declined.

Darby), a review of In 1753 in London there was a proposal for Jewish emancipation. It was furiously opposed by the pamphleteers of the time, who spread the fear that Jewish emancipation meant universal circumcision. Men were urged to protect: :"the best of Your property" and guard their threatened foreskins(!). It was an extraordinary outpouring of popular beliefs about sex, fears about masculinity and misconceptions about Jews, but also a striking indication of how central to their sexual identity men considered their foreskins at that time. (R.

Cleave was refusing to pay stamp duty on his newspaper, in line with other radical publishers and pamphleteers, which of course brought him into conflict with the authorities who levied fines and wanted such seditious radicals imprisoned. It was the view of radical publishers that a free press was vital to social, political and moral improvement and that the government were oppressing the people's firmly held beliefs and rights to communicate. The law was gradually reformed and the fourpenny tax on newspapers was reduced to one-penny and pamphlets had their tax removed altogether.

Meanwhile, he had to cope with rival claims of publishers Gollancz and Warburg for publishing rights. About this time he co-edited a collection titled British Pamphleteers with Reginald Reynolds. As a result of the success of Animal Farm, Orwell was expecting a large bill from the Inland Revenue and he contacted a firm of accountants of which the senior partner was Jack Harrison. The firm advised Orwell to establish a company to own his copyright and to receive his royalties and set up a "service agreement" so that he could draw a salary.

Charles as Count of Artois in 1798. Portrait by Henri-Pierre Danloux In November 1773, Charles married Marie Thérèse of Savoy. In 1775, Marie Thérèse gave birth to a boy, Louis Antoine, who was created Duke of Angoulême by Louis XVI. Louis- Antoine was the first of the next generation of Bourbons, as the king and the Count of Provence had not fathered any children yet, causing the Parisian libellistes (pamphleteers who published scandalous leaflets about important figures in court and politics) to lampoon Louis XVI's alleged impotence.Fraser, pp. 137–139.

Bull petitioned Archbishop Laud for his case to be heard at trial in 1638, but was not released until before 1641. By 1641, Bull was sick with the plague and, contrary to their prophesies, both prophets died in January 1644. After Bull's death, and in absence of their prophesied resurrection, Farnham and Bull's small group of followers claimed they had risen, and were converting the ten tribes of Israel, after which they would "reign forever". With their following diminishing, Bull and Farnham's life served as fodder for pamphleteers during the subsequent years of religious tumult.

Shortly thereafter, the two Regents and their secretary were defenestrated, but they survived the fall from the third floor.MacKay, John P; Hill, Bennett D; Buckler, John (1995). A history of Western society: from the Renaissance to 1815, Volume 2. Houghton Mifflin, Catholics maintained the men were saved by angels or by the intercession of the Virgin Mary, who caught them; later Protestant pamphleteers asserted that they survived due to falling onto a dung heap, a story unknown to contemporaries and probably coined in response to divine intervention claims.

Wagnerian opera came to foster German national enthusiasm. Modern purveyors of national mythologies have tended to pension off the poets and often appeal to the people more directly through telling phraseology in media. French pamphleteers spread the ideas of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity in the 1790s, and American journalists, politicians, and scholars popularized mythic tropes like "Manifest Destiny", "the Frontier", or the "Arsenal of Democracy". Socialists advocating ideas like the dictatorship of the proletariat have promoted catchy nation-promoting slogans such as "Socialism with Chinese characteristics" and "Kim Il-sung thought".

The tract is a direct, personal attack upon Hall through use of satire and other methods such as mockery: "Ha, ha, ha".Milton 1953 p. 726 Animadversion, literally a drawing of attention to material, was a common enough choice of pamphleteers of the time, in which writings of the opponent were quoted at some length (but selectively), and replied to in extended form and with polemic intention. Milton's technique with the quotation and response leads to a dialogue form.Nigel Smith, Literature and Revolution in England, 1640-1660 (1994), p. 41.

The immediate cause of the dispute was the insistence by the players that they had a right to select the managers of Australian cricket teams touring overseas. However the dispute was a wider one; a power struggle over who would have access to the revenue these tours raised. The players had the support of the South Australian Cricket Association and several unhappy members of Melbourne Cricket Club. The Board was dubbed tyrannical at rowdy public meetings, pamphleteers abounded, and funds were raised to send an independent team, inclusive of the Big Six, to England.

The date of Barkstead's birth is unknown, was originally a goldsmith in the Strand, and was often taunted by Robert Lilburne (a leveller) and the royalist pamphleteers with selling thimbles and bodkins. "Being sensible of the invasions which had been made upon the liberties of the nation, he took arms among the first for their defence in the quality of captain to a foot company in the regiment of Colonel Venn". citing Ludlow. On 12 August 1645 he was appointed by the House of Commons governor of Reading, and his appointment was agreed to by the Lords on 10 December.

Christopher Hill, The English Bible and the Seventeenth-Century Revolution (1993), p. 296. He wrote extensively on trade and economics, including advocacy for English trade policy during the Rump Parliament,Jason Peacey, Politicians and Pamphleteers: Propaganda During the English Civil Wars and Interregnum (2004), p. 268. In economic policy his writings had some effect: in the areas of interest rates, naturalisation of foreigners, redistribution of trades from the London centre, and inland navigation, there was a measure of economic reform in the directions he with Hartlib had proposed.J. P. Cooper, Social and Economic Policies under the Commonwealth, p.

2008 film tie-in republication paperback edition. Danny Wallace, a freelance radio producer for the BBC in London, takes three simple words uttered by a stranger on a bus—"Say yes more"—as a challenge and says "yes" to everything for a year. He says "yes" to pamphleteers on the street, the credit card offers stuffing his mailbox and solicitations on the Internet. He attends meetings with a group that believes aliens built the pyramids in Egypt, says "yes" to every invitation to go out on the town and furthers his career by saying "yes" in meetings with executives.

The East India Company set out its case against the Dutch East India Company in a pamphlet published in 1631, which was used for anti-Dutch propaganda during the First Anglo-Dutch War and revived by pamphleteers as a second war neared. When De Ruyter recaptured the West African trading posts, many pamphlets were written about presumed new Dutch atrocities, although these contained no basis in fact. Another cause of conflict was mercantile competition. The major monopolistic English trading companies had suffered from a loss of trade on the 1650s, which they attributed to illegal contraband trading and Dutch competition.

Such was the rumpus that the performance, and the rest of that opera season, were abandoned. The satirical pamphleteers had a field day, depicting the two exchanging insults and pulling at one another's head-dresses, though recent research has revealed that it was the ladies' rival supporters, rather than the singers themselves, who were the cause of the disturbance. They were further lampooned in John Gay's The Beggar's Opera, which was premiered on 29 January 1728. In spite of such fracas they continued to sing together for Handel until his company's demise in June of that year.

The University Wits is a phrase used to name a group of late 16th-century English playwrights and pamphleteers who were educated at the universities (Oxford or Cambridge) and who became popular secular writers. Prominent members of this group were Christopher Marlowe, Robert Greene, and Thomas Nashe from Cambridge, and John Lyly, Thomas Lodge, and George Peele from Oxford. Thomas Kyd is also sometimes included in the group, though he is not believed to have studied at university. This diverse and talented loose association of London writers and dramatists set the stage for the theatrical Renaissance of Elizabethan England.

The Catholic League's cause was fueled by the doctrine Extra Ecclesiam Nulla Salus. Catholic Leaguers saw their fight against Calvinism (the primary branch of Protestantism in France) as a Crusade against heresy. The League's pamphleteers also blamed any natural disaster that occurred in France at the time as God's way of punishing France for tolerating the existence of the Calvinist heresy. After a series of bloody clashes, the French Wars of Religion (1562–1598), between Catholics and Protestants, the Catholic League formed in an attempt to break the power of the Calvinist gentry once and for all.

The library, in which the last of the Stronges were killed, was believed to have dated to this original house."Buildings of County Armagh", Brett, Sir Charles E.B., 1999, p. 88-90, This was an area with a peculiar history; its 1640s, rector Robert Maxwell told pamphleteers that 154,000 Protestants had been massacred there in the 1649 Rising. That figure would have represented one tenth of the entire island of Ireland (historians put the real number of Protestants killed at somewhere between 527 and 1,259; many hundreds of Catholics were killed in reprisals by the Protestant incomers).

It excluded him from the circle of the "wits"; and he was not accepted in the circle of the lay learned, the "antiquaries" like William Camden, Sir Robert Cotton and Henry Spelman. Although Sir Henry Savile ostensibly patronized him, Casaubon could not help suspecting that it was Savile who had persuaded Richard Montagu to forestall Casaubon's book on Baronius. An exception was John Selden who was close enough to Casaubon to lend him money. Besides the jealousy of the natives, Casaubon had now to suffer the open attacks of the Jesuit pamphleteers, who, after he committed to Anglicism, detested him.

169 He had strong and sometimes controversial political opinions: in particular he was opposed full independence for the Parliament of Ireland, which was a cause dear to the hearts of Henry Grattan and his Irish Patriot Party. On account of his political opinions he was savagely attacked by pamphleteers, notably Robert Johnson, himself a future judge who eventually destroyed his career by anonymous attacks on his colleagues. Robinson himself was accused of writing vicious and scurrilous anonymous pamphlets, but Elrington Ball judges this to be unlikely. His manner was acerbic: one pamphlet refers to his "sarcastic sneer".

When Oration was published it ranked among the best-selling pamphlets of the crisis.John M. Bumsted and Charles E. Clark, "New England’s Tom Paine: John Allen and the Spirit of Liberty," William and Mary Quarterly Third Series, Vol. 21, Issue 4 (October 1964): 561, 566. Bernard Bailyn included Allen among only three colonial pamphleteers were who able to demonstrate the "concentrated fury" comparable to that found in tracts and treaties by Europe's more imaginative and capable writers.Bernard Bailyn, The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution (Cambridge, MA, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1967), 18.

In December 1780, the British Empire declared war on the Dutch Republic for intending to join the First League of Armed Neutrality, through which the Dutch sought to secure their right to trade with the American colonies in revolt. This Fourth Anglo-Dutch War was a disaster for the Netherlands, putting a heavy burden on the Dutch economy because of the British naval blockade. Orangists blamed the always obstructive city of Amsterdam, but Patriot pamphleteers opined stadtholder William V of Orange and his accomplices were the real perpetrators. They sought an alliance with America and France against Britain (and Prussia).

CH Firth and RS Rait (London, 1911), p 954. which formally abolished Christmas in its entirety, along with the other traditional church festivals of Easter and Whitsun. It was in this context that Royalist pamphleteers linked the old traditions of Christmas with the cause of King and Church, while radical puritans argued for the suppression of Christmas both in its religious and its secular aspects. In the hands of Royalist pamphlet writers, Old Father Christmas served as the symbol and spokesman of 'the good old days' of feasting and good cheer, and it became popular for Christmastide's defenders to present him as lamenting past times.

As time progressed, Jacobite discourse grew closer to mainstream Toryism; post 1710 pamphleteers began to blame the exile of the Stuarts on a "malevolent" Whig faction, rather than the nation collectively. After the Act of Settlement, Jacobite propagandists deemphasised the purely legitimist elements in their writing and by 1745, active promotion of hereditary and indefeasible right was restricted largely to a few Scots Jacobites, notably the Episcopalian Lords Pitsligo and Balmerino. They instead began to focus on populist themes such as opposition to a standing army, electoral corruption and social injustice. By the 1750s Charles himself promised triannual parliaments, disbanding the army and legal guarantees on press freedom.

Bedford joined Jeremy Collier and other pamphleteers in their crusade against the stage, and issued a series of tracts, of which one became notorious: A Serious Remonstrance in behalf of the Christian Religion against the Horrid Blasphemies and Impieties which are still used in the English Playhouses (1719). This work cited a number of scripture texts travestied, and 7,000 "immoral sentiments" collected from English dramatists, especially those of the previous four years. Bedford also gave his attention to church music; his aim was to promote a simpler style of religious music. He published The Temple Musick (Bristol, 1706), The Great Abuses of Music (1711), and The Excellency of Divine Music (1733).

The expense of the Seven Years' War (called the French and Indian War in North America) (1756–1763) had nearly doubled Britain's national debt, and as much of the war had taken place in and around North America, the British government looked for ways of directly taxing the American colonies. The 1765 Stamp Act was both a means of raising revenue and one of asserting authority over the colonies. The Burgesses instructed their agent in London, Edward Montague, to oppose the measure, and other colonial legislatures similarly instructed their representatives. Considerable debate began over the proposed measure, and in Virginia pamphleteers developed arguments Henry had made in the Parson's Cause.

When Trenchard became secretary of state (northern department) in 1693, Smith's activity against suspects and Jacobites was redoubled. On slight preliminary evidence he travelled to Lancashire with two informers, Taafe and Lunt. Some compromising letters and some arms behind a false fireplace were discovered, and five Lancashire gentlemen were arrested; but Ferguson and other pamphleteers alluded to the plot as a ridiculous sham; Taafe changed sides at the last moment, and at the trial at Manchester in October 1694 the prisoners were acquitted. Smith was charged with fabricating the depositions of the witnesses for the prosecution, and (by his own side) with having mismanaged the affair.

Lewis Hippolytus Joseph Tonna (3 September 1812 – 2 April 1857) was an English polyglot and campaigner on behalf of evangelical protestantism. Born Liverpool, son of the Spanish vice-consul and consul for the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, his father died in 1828 while he was a student in Corfu and he was compelled to find employment as an interpreter aboard the Hydra. He served on various ships until returning to England in 1835 to become a director of the Royal United Services Institute.Laughton (2004) Tonna married Charlotte Elizabeth Browne, a widow, in 1841 and the two were prolific pamphleteers for the evangelical Protestant cause.

However, the Media Standards Trust has criticized the PCC, claiming it needs to be radically changed to secure the public trust of newspapers. This is in stark contrast to the media climate prior to the 20th century, where the media market was dominated by smaller newspapers and pamphleteers who usually had an overt and often radical agenda, with no presumption of balance or objectivity. Because of the pressure on journalists to report news promptly and before their competitors, factual errors occur more frequently than in writing produced and edited under less time pressure. Thus a typical issue of a major daily newspaper may contain several corrections of articles published the previous day.

Newton's grave in Westminster Abbey Henry More's belief in the universe and rejection of Cartesian dualism may have influenced Newton's religious ideas. Later works—The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended (1728) and Observations Upon the Prophecies of Daniel and the Apocalypse of St. John (1733)—were published after his death. Newton and Boyle's mechanical philosophy was promoted by rationalist pamphleteers as a viable alternative to the pantheists and enthusiasts, and was accepted hesitantly by orthodox clergy as well as dissident preachers like the latitudinarians. The clarity and simplicity of science was seen as a way in which to combat the emotional and mystical superlatives of superstitious enthusiasm, as well as the threat of atheism.

Royalist pamphleteers state that Hammond began his military career under Sir Simon Harcourt. In the summer of 1642 he was a lieutenant in the list of the army destined for Ireland; on 6 July he obtained a commission as captain of a foot company of two hundred men, to be levied for the parliament in London and the adjoining counties, and on 11 March 1643 was appointed a captain in Essex's regiment of cuirassiers. In June 1644 Hammond, then serving under Edward Massie, distinguished himself at the capture of Tewkesbury. In the following October a quarrel between Hammond and Major Grey led to a duel in the streets of Gloucester, in which Grey lost his life.

The tariff issue was and is sometimes cited—long after the war—by Lost Cause historians and neo-Confederate apologists. In 1860–61 none of the groups that proposed compromises to head off secession brought up the tariff issue as a major issue.Robert Gray Gunderson, Old Gentleman's Convention: The Washington Peace Conference of 1861. (1961) Pamphleteers North and South rarely mentioned the tariff, and when some did, for instance, Matthew Fontaine MauryMatthew Fontaine Maury (1861/1967), "Captain Maury's Letter on American Affairs: A Letter Addressed to Rear-Admiral Fitz Roy, of England", reprinted in Frank Friedel, ed., Union Pamphlets of the Civil War: 1861–1865, Cambridge, MA: Harvard, A John Harvard Library Book, Vol. I, pp. 171–73.

In September Saltmarsh published A peace but no pacification, or, An answer to that new designe of the oath of pacification and accommodation lately printed a subject for all that love true peace and liberty to consider in response to The Oath of Pacification by Henry Parker, Saltmarsh opposing hasty accommodation by Parliament of royalists and the king.Peacey, J ( 2004) Politicians and Pamphleteers: Propaganda During the English Civil Wars Ashgate: Aldershot. Pg 115 In 1645 Saltmarsh was placed by the parliamentary Committee for Plundered Ministers in Brasted, Kent. Whilst at Brasted Saltmarsh refused his annual stipendiary, believing tithes unchristian, a matter he would raise in his pamphlet dispute with fellow clergyman John Ley in 1646.

The coal duties had always been unpopular and were the subject of attacks by pamphleteers (for example Joseph Bottomley Firth in 1887) throughout their life. Objection was taken to a tax on a basic necessity and the anomaly of a tax in London which did not apply to the rest of the country. The greater anomaly was that the area of collection – the Metropolitan Police District – was so much larger than the area in which they were spent: the Metropolitan Board of Works covered much the same area as its successor the London County Council. With the growth of the outer suburbs, their residents resented paying a tax which had very little direct benefit for them.

Newton, by William Blake; here, Newton is depicted critically as a "divine geometer". This copy of the work is currently held by the Tate Collection. Newton and Robert Boyle's approach to the mechanical philosophy was promoted by rationalist pamphleteers as a viable alternative to the pantheists and enthusiasts, and was accepted hesitantly by orthodox preachers as well as dissident preachers like the latitudinarians. The clarity and simplicity of science was seen as a way to combat the emotional and metaphysical superlatives of both superstitious enthusiasm and the threat of atheism, and at the same time, the second wave of English deists used Newton's discoveries to demonstrate the possibility of a "Natural Religion".

The LNA faced confrontation not only from their rival group the Association for Promoting the Extension of the Contagious Diseases Acts who were campaigning for the extension of the contagious diseases acts, but by society in general. Many people were appalled by her frank manner in describing sexual matters and police brutality; it drew a lot of negative attention from newspaper editors and columnists, many of whom felt it was inappropriate for a woman to behave in such manner. An example of the condemnation can be seen by an article written by Dr. Preston on 24 June: However, her actions made her a heroine among other writers, particularly suffragist pamphleteers who admired her work and continuous effort for the repeal of the acts.

The Edict of Écouen was issued in 1559, the year of the king's death. By raising the stakes, which now literally became matters of life and death, the Edict had the result of precipitating the long religious crisis in France and hastening the onset of armed civil war between armies mustered on the basis of religion, the series of French Wars of Religion, which were not settled until Henri IV's edict of toleration, the Edict of Nantes (1598). The source of the "contagion", as court pamphleteers put it, was Geneva, where the French-born John Calvin achieved undisputed religious supremacy in 1555, the same year that the French Reformed Church organized itself at a synod in Paris, not far from the royal residence at the Louvre.

In addition to the pamphlets British Pamphleteers Volume 1: From the 16th Century the 18th Century and Talking to India, by E. M. Forster, Richie Calder, Cedric Dover, Hsiao Ch'ien and Others: A Selection of English Language Broadcasts to India, Orwell edited two newspapers during his Eton years—College Days/The Colleger (1917) and Election Times (1917–1921). While working for the BBC, he collected six editions of a poetry magazine named Voice which were broadcast by Orwell, Mulk Raj Anand, John Atkins, Edmund Blunden, Venu Chitale, William Empson, Vida Hope, Godfrey Kenton, Una Marson, Herbert Read, and Stephen Spender. The magazine was published and distributed to the readers before being broadcast by the BBC. Issue five has not been recovered and was consequently excluded from W. J. West's collection of BBC transcripts.

287-8 The moral stanza added by John Matthews (London 1820) is given a topical twist by being applied to the conduct of politicians and pamphleteers during the madness of King George III.pp. 204-7 Of Ivan Krylov's two Russian versions of the fable published in 1825, "The Aged Lion" was faithful to La Fontaine's. The second, "The Fox and the Ass", was more of an adaptation: there the Ass boasts of his deed in conversation with a Fox afterwards and the moral drawn at the end is that the most lowly and sycophantic people will be the first to settle scores once the tables are turned. More modern reinterpretations of La Fontaine’s fable have included Ladislas Starevich’s film using animated puppets (1932)You Tube and several musical settings: by Louis Lacombe as part of his 15 melodies (op.

Schwoerer and Israel argue that the Declaration was essential to the Dutch winning the propaganda war after William's arrival in England. They point to the wide distribution of the Declaration and the extent to which the claims therein dominated public debate before and during the Revolution. More modern scholarship suggests that the response by William's enemies was very effective (the government-run London Gazette had a monopoly on the newspaper market) and that the claims in the Declaration actually weakened his position with the English people. Court pamphleteers, supplementing the efforts of the press, predicted that the anarchy that would result from the overthrow of a government would lead to tyranny in attempt to control it, and James' supporters among the nobility went as far as to claim that a literal reading of the Declaration recognized James' rule as justified.

The agitations stopped the compulsory teaching of Hindi in the state. The agitations also reshaped the Dravidian Movement and broadened its political base, when it shifted from its earlier pro-Tamil stance to a more inclusive one, which was both anti-Hindi and pro-English. In the words of Sumathi Ramaswamy (Professor of History at Duke University), > [The anti-Hindi agitations knit] together diverse, even incompatible, social > and political interests... Their common cause against Hindi had thrown > together religious revivalists like Maraimalai Atikal (1876-1950) with > avowed atheists like Ramasami and Bharathidasan (1891-1964); men who > supported the Indian cause like T.V. Kalyanasundaram (1883-1953) and M. P. > Sivagnanam with dravidian movement supporters like Annadurai; university > professors like Somasundara Bharati (1879-1959) and M.S. Purnalingam Pillai > (1866 -1947) with uneducated street poets, populist pamphleteers and college > students.

Many of Charles' subjects were uneasy at his creation of this small army. Pamphleteers wrote tracts voicing the fear of a people who within living memory had experienced the Rule of the Major-Generals and had liked neither the imposition of military rule, or the costs of keeping an army in being when the country was not at war with itself or others. People also remembered the "Eleven Years' Tyranny" of Charles I and feared that a standing army under royal command would allow monarchs in the future to ignore the wishes of Parliament. The English were not fully reconciled to the need for a standing army until the reign of William III when the near perpetual wars with other European states made a modest standing army a necessity to defend England and to maintain her prestige in the world.

Title page of one of many publications on the Witten-Oorlog, 1757 The Witten- Oorlog (Witts War) was a 1750s pamphlet war between the Dutch historian Jan Wagenaar and the Dutch lawyer and book-seller Elie Luzac. The main subject was whether or not the Witt brothers' execution by the people was justified and whether or not they were enemies of the state. Specifically, the pamphleteers disagreed on the wisdom of the Act of Seclusion, a secret annex in the Treaty of Westminster (1654) between the United Provinces and the Commonwealth of England in which William III, Prince of Orange, was excluded from the office of Stadtholder. The historian Pieter Geyl claimed that the true cause of the argument was based on the restoration of the government in 1748 and Wagenaar's freshly written history of Johan de Witt in 1749.

Barrington left Bradbury's congregation, and joined that of Jeremiah Hunt, D.D., independent minister and non-subscriber, at Pinners' Hall. Bradbury was brought to book by "a Dissenting Layman" in Christian Liberty asserted, in opposition to Protestant Popery, 1719, a letter addressed to him by name, and answered by "a Gentleman of Exon", in A Modest Apology for Mr. T. Bradbury, 1719. But most of the pamphleteers passed him by as an angry man, to aim at William Tong, Benjamin Robinson, Jeremiah Smith, and Thomas Reynolds, four presbyterian ministers who had issued a whip for the Salters' Hall conference in the subscribing interest, and who subsequently published a joint defence of the doctrine of the Trinity. In 1720, an attempt was made to oust Bradbury from the Pinners' Hall lectureship; in the same year he started an anti-Arian Wednesday lecture at Fetter Lane.

In times when even judicial physical punishment was still commonly allowed to cause not only intense pain and public humiliation during the administration but also to inflict permanent physical damage, or even deliberately intended to mark the criminal for life by docking or branding, one of the common anatomical target areas not normally under permanent cover of clothing (so particularly merciless in the long term) were the ear(s). Fredegund ordering the mutilation of Olericus In England, for example, various pamphleteers attacking the religious views of the Anglican episcopacy under William Laud, the Archbishop of Canterbury, had their ears cut off for those writings: in 1630 Dr. Alexander Leighton and in 1637 still other Puritans, John Bastwick, Henry Burton and William Prynne. In Scotland one of the Covenanters, James Gavin of Douglas, Lanarkshire, had his ears cut off for refusing to renounce his religious faith. In Japan, Gonsalo Garcia and his companions were similarly punished.

He was a hero of John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon, "the best-read and most widely regarded pamphleteers of prerevolutionary times." In their 1720-1723 essays Cato's Letters, they adopted Sidney's argument that "free men always have the right to resist tyrannical government"; those essays, in turn, inspired the name of the modern libertarian think tank the Cato Institute. Thomas Jefferson believed Sidney and Locke to be the two primary sources for the Founding Fathers' view of liberty. John Adams wrote to Jefferson in 1823 on the subject of Sidney: The Whig historian Thomas Babington Macaulay said of Sidney in 1828: But in 1848, Macaulay wrote of the Whig opposition to Charles II: The libertarian philosopher Friedrich Hayek quoted Sidney's Discourses on the title page of his The Constitution of Liberty: "Our inquiry is not after that which is perfect, well knowing that no such thing is found among men; but we seek that human Constitution which is attended with the least, or the most pardonable inconveniences".

The ambassador's task in the prelude to the Thirty Years' War was to keep James from aiding the Protestant states against Spain and Habsburg Austria, and to avert English attacks on Spanish possessions in the Americas. His success made him odious to the anti-Spanish and Puritan parties. The active part he took in promoting the execution of Sir Walter Raleigh aroused particular animosity. He was attacked by popular pamphleteers — Thomas Scott's extravagant propaganda, Vox populi, was widely believed — and the dramatist Thomas Middleton made him a principal character in the strange political play A Game at Chess, which was suppressed by order of the council. Portrait of Gondomar, engraving by Simon de Passe, 1622 The Howards were Gondomar's principal friends at court – Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton (died 1614), Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk, Lord High Treasurer, whose daughter was married to James's favourite, Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, Lord High Admiral, Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel, and their protégés.

Finally, the current two-language education policy followed in Tamil Nadu is also a direct result of the agitations. In the words of Sumathi Ramaswamy (Professor of History at Duke University), > [The anti-Hindi imposition agitations knit] together diverse, even > incompatible, social and political interests... Their common cause against > Hindi had thrown together religious revivalists like Maraimalai Atikal > (1876–1950) with avowed atheists like Ramasami and Bharathidasan > (1891–1964); men who supported the Indian cause like T.V. Kalyanasundaram > (1883–1953) and M. P. Sivagnanam with those who wanted to secede from India > like Annadurai and M. Karunanidhi (b. 1924); university professors like > Somasundara Bharati (1879–1959) and M.S. Purnalingam Pillai (1866 -1947) > with uneducated street poets, populist pamphleteers and college students. The anti-Hindi imposition agitations ensured the passage of the Official Languages Act of 1963 and its amendment in 1967, thus ensuring the continued use of English as an official language of India.

Noblewomen of the time would have been most likely in the public eye with their pamphlets much more than Katharina who, as a middle- class woman, tended to be less exposed since she was writing more for her local community.Zitzlsperger, Mother, Martyr and Mary Magdalene pg. 381 As a woman of this time period, Katharina did face some challenges that the male pamphleteers would not have had. In facing criticism Katharina would remind her criticizers that she never forgot her responsibility as a wife and that she was her husband’s partner. In doing so, Katharina showed his acknowledgment of her important role, and gave value to her personal contributions, “This is why my pious husband only called me his curate, although I never stood on the pulpit – something I did not have to do in my line of duties.”Zitzlsperger, Mother, Martyr and Mary Magdalene pg.388 Katharina’s voice was not just heard in Strasbourg. Martin Luther was personally familiar with her writing, and received a personal copy of Katharina’s first public text, Letter to the suffering women of the community of Kentzingen, who believe in Christ, sisters with me in Jesus Christ.

Richard Tuck, Philosophy and Government 1572–1651 (1993), p. 227.Jason Peacey, Politicians and Pamphleteers: Propaganda During the English Civil Wars and Interregnum (2004), pp. 113–5. He was a cousin of the regicide, James Temple. He was secretary to the Parliamentary Army in 1642, and secretary to the House of Commons with John Sadler in 1645.Concise Dictionary of National BiographyRobert Brenner, Merchants and Revolution: Commercial Change, Political Conflict, and London's Overseas Traders, 1550–1653 (2003), p. 572. At the same time he was secretary to Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, who emerged in 1642 in a prominent position as Parliamentary military leader..Mendle, p. 22. Parker's Observations upon some of his Majesty's late answers and expresses (1642) has been called the "single most influential tract of the period".Nigel Smith, Literature and Revolution in England, 1640–1660 (1994), p. 179. Correspondence of King Charles and Queen Henrietta Maria was captured after the royalist defeat at the Battle of Naseby in 1645. It was published, 39 letters being made public, edited and annotated by Parker, Sadler and Thomas May, as The Kings Cabinet Opened.