However, last week's dramatic attack in the Philippines by militant groups owing allegiance to Islamic State has created jitters in the region.
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As for owing allegiance, do we really want to set a precedent that has the government defining which American residents owe allegiance to the U.S. and which don't?
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He allegedly controlled other small-cap stock dealers through brokers and traders owing allegiance to him.
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It was a fall- out of the bitter feelings then prevailing amongst Brahmos owing allegiance to different units. A lifelong bachelor, he used to practice homeopathy and distribute free medicines to the poor.
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4, pp. 2891-2.See veto message by President Andrew Johnson and Trumbull stated that "What do we [the committee reporting the clause] mean by 'subject to the jurisdiction of the United States'? Not owing allegiance to anybody else. That is what it means."Congressional Globe, 1st Session, 39th Congress, pt.
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Maha Thammaracha IV (, ), born as Borommapan (, ), was the last king of the Sukhothai Kingdom. In 1419, after the death of Sai Lue Thai, his sons Phaya Ram and Phaya Ban Mueang fought for the throne. Intharacha of Ayutthaya Kingdom intervened and further divided the kingdom between the two. Ban Mueang was installed as a vassal king, owing allegiance to Ayutthaya.
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Chola Vijayalaya captured the city of Tanjore some time before 850 AD. The flight the Muttarayars of Tanjore, probably owing allegiance to the Pandyas at this time, meant the weakening of the Pandya influence north the Kaveri River.Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar. Madras, Oxford University Press. 167.
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India announced an immediate relief assistance of $500,000(equivalent to 25 million pesos) on 11 July 2017 for the relief and rehabilitation efforts underway in the city of Marawi which had come under siege on May 23, 2017, after armed terrorists belonging to the Maute group, owing allegiance to ISIS took over the city. Ships from the Indian Navy and Coast Guard regularly visits the Philippines.
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William Gordon (died 1577) was a 16th-century Scottish noble and prelate, the last of the pre-Reformation bishops of Aberdeen owing allegiance to the Roman Catholic Church. Born in Aberdeenshire, he was the son of Janet Stewart, the daughter of John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl, and her husband Alexander Gordon, 3rd Earl of Huntly.Dowden, Bishops of Scotland, p. 141; Macfarlane, "Gordon, William (d. 1577)".
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United States passports are issuable only to persons who owe permanent allegiance to the United States - i.e., citizens and non-citizen nationals of the United States.22 U.S.C. sec. 212: "No passport shall be granted or issued to or verified for any other persons than those owing allegiance, whether citizens or not, to the United States." In section 212, "allegiance" means "permanent allegiance." 26 Ops.
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Three buildings, seven huts, one temple, one charitable hospital, one library and one students' hostel were completely destroyed. Two Hindus were stabbed to death. After the Hazratbal incident, the Hindu students hostel of East Pakistan University of Engineering and Technology were pelted with stones every night. The Muslim students owing allegiance to the Jamaat-e- Islami began to call the Hindu students Indian spies.
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The Tibetan Golok people, owing allegiance to Labrang, attacked the Muslim Ninghai Army several times. The Chinese had never been able to control the Goloks before. However, this time, the Muslim Ninghai Army brought their modernized weapons, and exterminated a group of Goloks. The Muslim army then called for negotiations, during which they slaughtered the Goloks, klling "men, women and children", and drowned thousands of them in the Yellow River.
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The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is the leading Maoist organisation in India. Two major political groupings owing allegiance to Mao's ideas, namely the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War and the Maoist Communist Centre of India (MCCI), merged on 21 September 2004 to form the Communist Party of India (Maoist). The CPI (Maoist) is designated as a terrorist organisation in India under Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act.
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In the late Middle Ages the unity of Lower Alsace was lost. Strasbourg became an imperial city, owing allegiance to nobody save the emperor, and the great noble families gradually became extinct, their lands being inherited by families from across the Rhine. Lower Alsace thus had closer political connections with the rest of Germany than did Upper Alsace. After the bishop, the greatest landholder was the Count of Hanau Lichtenberg.
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Scott (1921) p.556 The judges served for a period of nine years, with their term limits all expiring at the same time, necessitating a completely new set of elections.Hudson (1930) p.719 The judges were independent and rid themselves of their nationality for the purposes of hearing cases, owing allegiance to no individual member state, but it was forbidden to have more than one judge from the same state.
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Tong Yabghu appointed governors or tuduns to manage the various tribes and people under his overlordship. In all likelihood Tong Yabghu's nephew Böri Shad, and son of Zibil/Ziebel was the commander of the Khazars, the westernmost of the tribes owing allegiance to the Western Göktürks; this branch of the family may have provided the Khazars with their first khagans in the mid seventh century.Christian 283; Artamanov 170–180.
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In the Nanoor massacre, 11 farmers owing allegiance to Trinamool Congress were killed at Suchpur, Nanoor, on 27 July 2000. In 2010, a Suri court sentenced 44 people to life imprisonment in the case. It included 4 CPI (M) members (including a Zonal Committee member) and 40 party supporters. According to press reports, it was the first time that so many people were given punishment in a single case in West Bengal.
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They were originally called Natha Pantha and Shaivas, owing allegiance to Sringeri Matha. During Emperor Vishnuvardhana’s rule, they became Vaishnavites and worshiped Tirupati Thimmappa (Balaji of Tirupati) and Sabbakka (Sharada of Sringeri). They then settled in the Mangalore-Udupi (Dakshina Kannada-Udupi) region where they spoke the Tulu language. They are said to have 10 Kutumba and 18 Bari as their primordial root families, from which a Nūru Mane or "hundred families" arose.
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Veurne, in Latin Furna, is first found in 877 as a possession of the Saint Bertin Abbey in Saint-Omer. Around 890 AD, it was noted as a successful fortification against the Viking raids. It soon was placed at the head of the castellany of Veurne, a large territory counting 42 parishes and some 8 half-independent parishes, owing allegiance to the Count of Flanders. Veurne became a city in the 12th century.
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Originally they are the migrants from Ikkeri (Keladi) Maha Samsthana (present Shimoga, Chikka Magaluru and Hassan Districts). They were originally Natha Pantha and Shivaites owing allegiance to Kigga and Sringeri Matha. Later Emperor Vishnuvardhana's rule they became Vaishnavites and worship 'Tirupati Timmappa' (Balaji of Thirupati) and 'Sabbakka' (Sharada of Sringeri). They are also called Tuluva Gowdas as they spoke Tulu when they came from Ikkeri, later in the Haleri kingdom, and settled the Mangalore-Udupi (Dakshina Kannada-Udupi) region.
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"The Golden Horde are the group to break all rules, owing allegiance to none, sworn to weirdness & quite determined to steal every idea that ain't tied down...inestimably brilliant." \- Sounds Magazine (UK) The group disbanded in spring 1994, members going their separate ways to pursue a variety of personal projects. Golden Horde supporters maintain an internet presence across social media and fan sites, with previously rare, unreleased studio, and live performances being made available as they are discovered.
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The fall of Kansala marked the end of the Kaabu Empire. The Fula army had surrounded Kansala so thoroughly that the neighboring towns could not be warned of the invasion. They were only made aware by the sound of Kansala’s gunpowder stores exploding. Kaabu’s territory was divided up into two tributaries owing allegiance to Futa Jallon. Alfa Molo’s victory is considered pyrrhic in that most of his army died on the walls of Kansala or in its explosion.
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The Sanatan Sanstha is a group seeking Hindu nationalism (rashtra) in India. It was founded in 1999 by hypnotherapist Paratpar Guru (Dr) Jayant Balaji Athavale. Persons owing allegiance to Sanatan Sanstha have been arrested in four bombings in Vashi, Thane, Panvel (all in 2007) and Goa (in 2009) and in the murders of Narendra Dabholkar (in 2013), Govind Pansare and M. M. Kalburgi (both in 2015). This has led to calls for Sanatan Sanstha to be banned.
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According to the most widely accepted version of its origin, the Ayutthaya Kingdom rose from the earlier, nearby Lavo Kingdom and Suvarnabhumi with Uthong as its first king. Ayutthaya was a patchwork of self-governing principalities and tributary provinces owing allegiance to the King of Ayutthaya under the mandala system. Its initial expansion was through conquest and political marriage. Before the end of the 15th century, Ayutthaya invaded the Khmer Empire three times and sacked its capital Angkor.
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He expanded his statement four years later on 9 March 1866, emphasizing twice that this required a man born to "parents not owing allegiance to any foreign sovereignty" so he would be "not owing a foreign allegiance".39th United States Congress via Congressional Globe 39.1 (1866) p. 1291. (middle column, 2nd paragraph) > I find no fault with the introductory clause, which is simply declaratory of > what is written in the Constitution, that every human being born within the > jurisdiction of the United States of parents not owing allegiance to any > foreign sovereignty is, in the language of your Constitution itself, a > natural-born citizen; but, sir, I may be allowed to say further that I deny > that the Congress of the United States ever had the power, or color of power > to say that any man born within the jurisdiction of the United States, not > owing a foreign allegiance, is not and shall not be a citizen of the United > States. Citizenship is his birthright and neither the Congress nor the > States can justly or lawfully take it from him.
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The highlight of the cruise was the visit to Russia which began upon the warships' arrival at Helsingfors (Helsinki) on 3 August. Finland was then an autonomous duchy owing allegiance to the Tsar. Three days later, the pair reached Kronstadt, the port serving St. Petersburg and the Americans, home-away-from-home for more than a month in which they enjoyed the warmest of welcomes. The Tsar and members of the Russian royal family visited the ships on 9 August.
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In 1912, three American Lodges owing allegiance to the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of California were already established in the Philippines. Those were Manila Lodge No. 342, Cavite Lodge No. 350 and Corregidor Lodge No. 386. The three lodges held a meeting on November 17, 1912 to fix a date for the First Convention of the delegates selected and to be selected for the purpose of considering the organization of a Grand Lodge. The Grand Lodge was officially formed on December 19, 1912.
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As one of the most influential leaders of North Karnataka region, he has been associated with many reforms including the Khalasa Banduri project, construction of Suvarna Vidhana soudha in Belgaum, establishment of South western railways headquarters in Hubli Dharwad etc. In July 2012, several BJP MLAs owing allegiance to B.S. Yeddyurappa called for the replacement of D.V. Sadananda Gowda with Shettar. After much turmoil, the BJP High Command agreed to make him the Chief minister. He was sworn in on 12 July 2012.
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Raymond VI held vast territories but his control of them was problematic. Aside from theoretically owing allegiance to the King of France, Raymond held Provence as a vassal of the Holy Roman Emperor.Setton, Kenneth Meyer; Wolff, Robert Lee and Hazard, Harry W. A History of the Crusades, Vol. 2, Univ of Wisconsin Press, 1969 Henry II of England controlled neighboring Aquitaine through his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine, who had a claim to Toulouse through her grandmother, Philippa of Toulouse, daughter of William IV, Count of Toulouse.
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Officially, religious organizations in mainland China today must be government-recognized and approved, though many unofficial unregistered organizations do exist. The Government of China wants no organization in mainland China owing allegiance to "foreign influence", in this case, the Pope in Rome. Critics of the CPCA argue that it was created precisely to establish state control over Catholicism in mainland China. The government rejects exercise of any authority by organs of the Catholic Church outside China after 1949, the year communists gained power over all of mainland China.
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Clifford Castle is a ruined castle in the village of Clifford which lies 2.5 miles to the north east of Hay-on-Wye in the Wye Valley in Herefordshire, England (). It was the caput of the feudal barony of Clifford, a Marcher Lordship (owing allegiance directly to the King, but separate from the rest of the kingdom).The castle stands in the grounds of a private house and is only open to the public on certain days of the year (including Heritage Open Days listed in the Contact section at www.cliffordcastle.org).
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Canto 5: On the way to the castle Harold hears the voice of a mysterious palmer figure warning him to copy his father's repentance when he is next tempted to violence. He attacks Metelill's bridal procession, slaying Wulfstane, but at Gunnar's behest he refrains from killing William. Canto 6: Harold and Gunnar sleep at the castle. In the morning Harold tells the page that he has been rescued from three horsemen owing allegiance to Zernebock by the palmer figure, who is Witikind doomed to wander on the earth until his son turns to grace.
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These Indigenous peoples were the Coosa and a chiefdom owing allegiance to Tuskaloosa, who were both ancestors of the future Muscogee Creek confederacy of tribes. Also described were the mound-building Chicsa or Yuchi. The expedition also described the mound town of Joara, which is believed to have been a chiefdom of the Mississippian culture, which extended throughout the Ohio and Mississippi valleys and into the Southeast. The powerful Cherokee were well established at the southern end of the Great Appalachian Valley by the 1720s, having displaced the Muscogee Creek and other tribes.
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Dillon (1999), pp. 66-68 While the rebels elsewhere within the 19th- century borders of Gansu had their own leaders - notably, Ma Zhan'ao in Hezhou (now Linxia), Ma Guiyuan in Xining, and Ma Wenlu in Suzhou (Jiuquan), -who, in the view of modern historians, were acting essentially independent from each other, there were Jahriyya members (all owing allegiance to the Ma Hualong) participating in the rebellion throughout the region.Lipman (1998), p. 121 At some points during the rebellion Ma Hualong negotiated with the authorities, and at least once he even surrendered, taking a new name, "Ma Chaoqing" ("one who attends on the Qing").
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Despite the ambiguity of Locke's definition of property, which limited property to "as much land as a man tills, plants, improves, cultivates, and can use the product of", this principle held great appeal to individuals possessed of great wealth. Locke held that the individual had the right to follow his own religious beliefs and that the state should not impose a religion against Dissenters, but there were limitations. No tolerance should be shown for atheists, who were seen as amoral, or to Catholics, who were seen as owing allegiance to the Pope over their own national government.
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Harjinder Singh Jinda was owing allegiance to the Sikh militant group Khalistan Commando Force and one of the two assassins of Arun Vaidya (the Chief of Indian army at the time of Operation Blue Star and architect of Operation Blue Star). He was responsible for three high-profile assassinations; Arjan Dass, Lalit Maken and Gen. Vaidya. He along with other militants of Khalistan Commando Force participated in Indian history's biggest bank robbery of Rs.57.0 million ($4.5 million) from Punjab National Bank, Miller Gunj branch, Ludhiana to finance the campaign for a separate Sikh state of Khalistan.
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Kamal's father Balabhadra Singh Dao was opposed to the hideous policies of the British that were unbearable for the region's farmers. He and his sons were one of the first in the region to openly revolt and were supported widely by the Gond and Binjhal Gauntias (chieftains) 42 Parganas. The family's revolt gained momentum when Surendra Sai was denied his legal right over the Chauhan throne of Sambalpur and the tribal chieftains and landlords in the region, owing allegiance to the Chauhan family took to arms. Balabhadra and Avadhut Singh, the Zamindar of Bhenden attacked the queen Mohankumari unsuccessfully.
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Many, however, ignored the proclamation, and various frontier settlement enterprises, owing allegiance to disparate colonial governments, continued. By the time of the American Revolution, the boundaries between the Thirteen Colonies that became the United States had been for the most part surveyed and agreed upon. Their land claims also corresponded in varying degrees to the actual reality on the ground in the west at the eve of the Revolution. Kentucky, for instance, was organized into a county of Virginia in 1776, with Virginia serving as practical sovereign over the area until its admission into the Union as a separate state in 1792.
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According to Mumbai Police, the bombings were carried out by Lashkar- e-Toiba and Students Islamic Movement of India (SIMI). In 2008, the city Marathi People with help of the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) under Raj Thackeray on the North Indian migrant SP Party Workers in Mumbai. Attacks included assault on North Indian taxi drivers and damage of their vehicles. There were a series of ten coordinated terrorist attacks by 10 armed terrorists owing allegiance to the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba using automatic weapons and grenades which began on 26 November 2008 and ended on 29 November 2008.
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In September 1179 he appeared in the royal court to answer charges of waging war against the king's peace. In this he appears to have been successful, but on returning home to Elfael he was met by men owing allegiance to Roger Mortimer of Wigmore and was cut down and killed on 22 September. The king was outraged as Cadwallon was under a royal safe conduct. Mortimer was imprisoned in Winchester for two years and his associates who did the killing were in turn hunted down, some turning to outlawry, others to exile and some being executed.
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In the late 17th century, many English and Scottish politicians viewed standing armies or permanent units as a danger to the liberties of the individual and a threat to society itself.Childs 1987, p. 184 The experience of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and the use of troops by both the Protectorate and James VII and II to repress political dissent created strong resistance to permanent units owing allegiance to the Crown or State. Regiments were deliberately treated as the personal property of their current Colonel, carried his name which changed when transferred and disbanded as soon as possible.
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In 2008, six persons owing allegiance to Sanatan Sanstha were arrested for planting bombs in auditoriums at Thane and Vashi and in a movie theater at Panvel. In 2011, two of the accused were found guilty and sentenced to ten years incarceration. Ramesh Gadkari and Vikram Bhave were acquitted of the terror charges under the stringent UAPA, however, the state government's appeal against the removal of UAPA is still pending in the High Court. The Maharashtra government has sought to ban the organization, and has pressed the case for a ban to the central government as well.
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He was Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh twice, from 20 January 1980 to 17 February 1980 as member of Janata Party and from 5 March 1990 to 15 December 1992 as leader of Bharatiya Janta Party. He began his political career with Jana Sangh which merged with Janata Party in 1977. Later members owing allegiance to Jana Sangh's Hindutva ideology broke away from Janata Party in 1980 to form Bharatiya Janata Party. He was first elected to Lok Sabha via bye-poll in Chhindwara in 1997 by defeating Congress strongman Kamal Nath in his home turf.
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In Thailand, the honour guard role is taken on by the King's Guard units of the Royal Thai Armed Forces. The King's Guard come from all over the Thai military, owing allegiance towards the King of Thailand and the ruling Chakri dynasty. The ceremonial uniform worn by the 1st and 2nd battalions of the 1st Infantry Regiment of the King's Guards, the seniormost of these units and more present in the public duties role, features a scarlet tunic and bearskin cap; similar to the uniforms used by foot guards in the Commonwealth of Nations. The regiment's 3rd battalion uniform features a white tunic and pink facings, with a pink bearskin cap.
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The Annales Cambriae is the source for Eowa's death in 644 at the battle of Maserfield, where Penda defeated Oswald of Northumbria. Details on Penda's reign are scarce, and it is a matter for speculation whether Eowa was an underking, owing allegiance to Penda, or if instead Eowa and Penda had divided Mercia between them. If they did divide the kingdom, it is likely that Eowa ruled northern Mercia, as Penda's son Peada was established later as the king of southern Mercia by the Northumbrian Oswiu, who defeated the Mercians and killed Penda in 656. It is possible that Eowa fought against Penda at Maserfield.
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Mān̳āḍu:a social-history of Mān̳avīra Vaḷanāḍu The Nadans would not enter Hindu temples built by higher castes until the issue was solved through campaigning movements and legislation. They claim that they were stripped of their rights and privileges due to the Nayak invasion. Gazetteers of India Tamil Nadu state: Thoothukudi district by Sinnakani: Copyrighted by the Government of Tamil Nadu,Commissioner of archives and Historical Research Page 240 The Nadar community was then divided into different opposing groups, with each Nadar climber owing allegiance to a Nadan family. The control of the lands may pass from one Nadan to another but the climbers remained always with the trees assigned to them.
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In the recent years a number of religious seminaries, small and big, owing allegiance to different sects have sprung up in Pampore town. But in most of them the students are mostly from other remoter towns. There are two high schools running in the town and a high secondary run by the government. In fact, the modern English medium schools run by one or two of the bigger seminaries, a public high school run by FALAHI AAM TRUST an educational wing of Jammati islami and Darul uloom Shah-e-Hamadan, opening soon The town has one of the oldest IQRA JAMIA MASJID located in sagripora population of samboora is 100/.
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The inscription mentioning king Epiphanes During the Hellenistic period under the Seleucids (between 312 and 64 BC), Palmyra became a prosperous settlement owing allegiance to the Seleucid king. Evidence for Palmyra's urbanisation in the Hellenistic period is rare; an important piece is the Laghman II inscription found in Laghman, modern Afghanistan, and commissioned by the Indian emperor Ashoka c. 250 BC. The reading is contested, but according to semitologist André Dupont-Sommer, the inscription records the distance to "Tdmr" (Palmyra). In 217 BC, a Palmyrene force led by Zabdibel joined the army of King Antiochus III in the Battle of Raphia which ended in a Seleucid defeat by Ptolemaic Egypt.
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On 14 September 1330 King Edward III granted crown protection to the priory for one year; it is unclear why, but it was a privilege often granted to priories in debt or with financial troubles. In 1335 the priory, the church and the hospital were all accidentally burned down. The priory was again granted protection from the Crown, this time for two years, so that the priory could collect church alms to raise money to rebuild the church, priory and hospital. During the Hundred Years War (1337-1453) many French alien houses (those owing allegiance to foreign mother houses) had their property and land seized by King Edward III.
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The route of this road runs across the parish along the path of Robbery Bottom Lane, continuing on as a public bridleway to Datchworth and then Braughing, on its eventual way to another major Roman town, Camulodonum, Colchester. Thomas de Wolvesmere is recorded as having lived in a dwelling here in 1297, and his name is considered to have led to the current name of the village. In the Middle Ages part of the village was in Mardleybury Manor, part in Rectory Manor, with the northern part owing allegiance to Broadwater Manor or Knebworth. The village remains at the point where the Districts of North Hertfordshire, East Hertfordshire and Welwyn Hatfield meet.
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This is short-lived, however, as following Maximilian's defeat, Dahau and Calamity Raven move to activate an ancient Valkyrian super weapon within the Empire, kept secret by their benefactor. Without the support of Maximilian or the chance to prove themselves in the war with Gallia, it is Dahau's last trump card in creating a new Darcsen nation. As an armed Gallian force invading the Empire just following the two nations' cease-fire would certainly wreck their newfound peace, Kurt decides to once again make his squad the Nameless, asking Crowe to list himself and all under his command as killed-in-action. Now owing allegiance to none other than themselves, the 422nd confronts Dahau and destroys the Valkyrian weapon.
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Gangavaaram village is still exist but Dibbapalem village was removed from the area and all the families are shifted to two places. Most of the people working at Visakhapatnam Steel plant are shifter near Srinagar and the people who have their living from fishing are located near peda gantyada. During this, there was a lot of tension which went on for several months leading to strikes and police firing. While 1,270 families accepted the compensation package and agreed to vacate their houses, 350 owing allegiance to the Vedika refused to leave the village, demanding categorical assurance from the management of the private port to provide permanent jobs to at least one member of the project-affected family.
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These were not considered sovereign states since they rarely achieved any degree of institutional permanence and authority was often exercised over a mobile people rather than measurable territory. Loose confederacies of this nature were the primary means of embracing a common statehood by people in many regions, such as the Central Asian steppes, throughout ancient history. Proto-states proliferated in Western Europe during the Middle Ages, likely as a result of a trend towards political decentralisation following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and the adoption of feudalism. While theoretically owing allegiance to a single monarch under the feudal system, many lesser nobles administered their own fiefs as miniature "states within states" that were independent of each other.
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After capturing Sana'a, their rule extended from Sa'ada in the north to (northeast of Taiz) in the south and Hadramawt in the east. A rival dynasty, the Ziyadids, also nominally loyal to the Abbasids, held Zabid on the western coast and at times exercised significant control over wide portions of the interior of the country. The Banu Manakh family ruled the southern highlands around Taiz, while the northern parts of the country were in practice dominated by warring tribes owing allegiance to no- one. The lack of political unity, the remoteness of the province and its inaccessible terrain, along with deep-rooted Shi'a sympathies in the local population, made Yemen "manifestly fertile territory for any charismatic leader equipped with tenacity and political acumen to realise his ambitions".
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It did not take him long to come up with a new plan. In August, 1902, he printed a two-page prospectus "in response to the importunities of many serious workers in photographic fields that I should undertake the publication of an independent magazine devoted to the furtherance of modern photography." He said he would soon launch a new journal that would be "the best and most sumptuous of photographic publications" and that it would published entirely by himself, "owing allegiance only to the interests of photography." He called the new journal Camera Work, a reference to the phrase in his prospectus statement in which he meant to distinguish artistic photographers like himself from the old-school technicians with whom he had fought for many years.
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Proposed legislation introduced in January 2011 would have required a presidential or vice presidential candidate to provide proof of birth that includes the names of the candidate's parents, and proof that the parents were United States citizens at the time of the candidate's birth; the candidate would also have to swear of affirm, "I was born a citizen of the United States of America and was subject exclusively to the jurisdiction of the United States of America, owing allegiance to no other country at the time of my birth. On the day I was born, both my birth mother and birth father were citizens of the United States of America." The proposed legislation failed to be voted out of committee.
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In contradistinction to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows (IOOF), the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America traces its origin to the original Grand United Order of Oddfellows in England, which was established in 1798. In 1810 a group split from the Order and became the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Manchester Unity. In 1819 a branch of Oddfellowship was introduced into the United States by Thomas Wildey, and remained an organic party of the Manchester Unity until 1843, when it became a separate organization under the name Independent Order of Odd Fellows. By that time there were only four known lodges of Oddfellows in the United States owing allegiance to the Grand United Order; they were located near Pottsville, Pennsylvania.
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The Manakhi family ruled the southern highlands around Taiz, while the northern parts of the country were in practice dominated by warring tribes owing allegiance to no-one. The lack of political unity, the remoteness of the province and its inaccessible terrain, along with deep-rooted Shi'a sympathies in the local population, made Yemen "manifestly fertile territory for any charismatic leader equipped with tenacity and political acumen to realise his ambitions". After travelling through Sana'a and al-Janad, Ibn Hawshab stayed for a while in Aden, where he passed himself off as a cotton merchant. Ibn Hawshab was evidently the senior of the two, but at some point, Ali ibn al-Fadl left him, moving to his home town of Jayshan (near modern ), where he independently began his mission in the mountains of Jebel Yafi'i.
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CM and Deputy CM of Tamil Nadu On 21 August 2017, both EPS and OPS factions of the AIADMK merged and O. Panneerselvam was sworn in as the Deputy Chief Minister, Finance Minister of Tamil Nadu and the convener of AIADMK. He also holds portfolios of Housing, Rural Housing, Housing Development, Slum Clearance Board and Accommodation Control, Town Planning, Urban Development, and Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. On 4 January 2018, O. Panneerselvam was elected Leader of the House in Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly. A day after the merger of two AIADMK factions, 19 MLAs owing allegiance to ousted deputy general secretary T. T. V. Dhinakaran on 22 April 2017 submitted letters to Governor, expressing lack of confidence in Chief Minister Edappadi K. Palaniswami and withdrawing support from the government.
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Similarly, in many branches of law, the doctrine of evasion prevents persons, both natural and artificial, from evading the application of obligations and liabilities already attaching to them. This represents a practical application of the policy that, as an outcome of the social contract, all persons owing allegiance to a state should be entitled to assume that everyone will receive fair and equal treatment before the law, i.e. there will be no favouritism or preferential treatment to any person by virtue of their rank or status within society. As such, this is an exception to the policy in the law of contract which usually allows the parties autonomy to enter into whatever agreement they want and which might otherwise be taken to permit the parties to exclude the normal operation of the law as between themselves (see the policy of freedom of contract).
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Kalakaua) is very desirous of mortgaging the government to some foreign government for a million dollars." Petition to the French Commissioner (translated excerpt), 1874 The king had Kepelino and four other Hawaiians arrested on charges of treason on August 7 and 8. The four others were released after the preliminary hearing on August 15 while Kepelino was committed for treason at a later hearing. Treason was defined in section 1 of chapter 6 of the Hawaiian Penal Code as: "Treason is hereby defined to be any plotting or attempt to dethrone or destroy the King, or levying of war against the King’s Government, or adhering to the enemies thereof, giving them aid or comfort, the same being done by a person owing allegiance to the Kingdom.” His trial before the Supreme Court on October 6 was the first treason trial in the kingdom since the signing of the 1840 Constitution.
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The form of composition may have been suggested by some of the satires of Lucilius, which were composed as letters to his personal friends... "From the Epistles... we gather that [Horace] had gradually adopted a more retired and meditative life, and had become fonder of the country and of study, and that while owing allegiance to no school or sect of philosophy, he was framing for himself a scheme of life, was endeavoring to conform to it, and was bent on inculcating it in others." "In both his Satires and Epistles, Horace shows himself a genuine moralist, a subtle observer and true painter of life, and an admirable writer." But in spirit the Epistles are more philosophic, more ethical and meditative. Like the Odes they exhibit the twofold aspects of Horace's philosophy, that of temperate Epicureanism and that of more serious and elevated conviction.
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Article Three, Section Three, Clause One of the Constitution provides that: > Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against > them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No > Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two > Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court. art. III, § > 3, cl. 1. Section 1 of the Crimes Act of 1790 provided that > if any person or persons, owing allegiance to the United States of America, > shall levy war against them, or shall adhere to their enemies, giving them > aid and comfort within the United States or elsewhere, and shall be thereof > convicted, on confession in open court, or on the testimony of two witnesses > to the same overt act of treason whereof he or they shall stand indicted, > such person or persons shall be adjudged guilty of treason against the > United States, and shall suffer death.Crimes Act of 1790, § 1, 1 Stat.
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Both attributions were confirmed by succession of Popes, which led to a conflict of interests between the two monasteries of Arezzo and Perugia.maginoecultura (it.) In 1206, for instance, Pope Innocent III counts Sant’Arcangelo "with all its properties" among the churches owing allegiance to the bishop of Perugia. In 1238, on the other hand, Pope Gregory IX confirmed the affiliation of the monastery to Santa Maria of Farneta. Every Ascension day, it had to pay a tribute of two measures of oil, ten measures of wheat and 20 measures of wine. This dependency of Farneta ended towards 1420; in 1332 an independent abbot presided over Sant’Arcangelo. Ties to Farneta – and San Pietro - remained close, however, for which frequent commissions by the abbots of these monasteries to the abbot of Sant’Arcangelo testify. In 1361 the church of Sant’Arcangelo figured in the property register of Perugia with a modest value of two "heavy lira" and ten "pennies". This value rose with time, especially due to the addition of the properties of Santa Maria di Ancaelle, which were wholesale added to Sant’Arcangelo.
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719 The judges were independent and rid themselves of their nationality for the purposes of hearing cases, owing allegiance to no individual member state, although it was forbidden to have more than one judge from the same state. As a sign of their independence from national ties, judges were given full diplomatic immunity when engaged in Court business The only requirements for a judge were "high moral character" and that they have "the qualifications required in their respective countries [for] the highest judicial offices" or be "jurisconsults of recognized competence in international law".Moore (1922) p.504 The first panel was elected on 14 September 1921, with Deputy Judges elected 2 days later.Scott (1921) p.557 In 1930 the number of judges was increased to 15 and a second set of elections were held on 25 September.Hudson (1931) p.23 Judges continued to hold their posts, despite the Court not sitting for most of the 1940s due to the Second World War, until they resigned en masse in October 1945.
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A history of Mysore kings is presented by It remained as a feudatory to the Vijayanagar Empire owing allegiance to the Vijayanagar kings and the Vijayanagar representative at Srirangapatna, till the fall of the Vijayanagar Empire in 1565 CE. In the vacuum that was created, Raja Wodeyar I (1578–1617) established control and became the first major ruler of the Wodeyar family. He defeated the Vijayanagar representative in a battle at Kesare near Mysore, shifted his capital from Mysore to Srirangapatna in 1610 AD.A history of the Wodeyar kings of Mysore is presented by The Wodeyars continued to rule over Mysore till the reign of Krishnaraja Wodeyar II (1734–1766), when Hyder Ali Khan and his son Tipu Sultan became the virtual rulers of Mysore. Though there were Wodeyar kings during the rule of Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan, they were mere figureheads. With the death of Tipu Sultan in 1799 under the hands of the British, the Wodeyars were reinstated to the throne of Mysore and the capital was shifted back to Mysore.
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Another similar case, though disputed by anarcho-syndicalism or even anarchism, was the Spanish Revolution of 1936 (often missed or unmentioned by official historiography), during which much of Spain's economy in most of Republican areas, some of which enjoyed a practical absence of state, was put under workers' direct collective control. In addition to this, the term communism (as well as socialism) is often used to refer to those political and economic systems and states dominated by a political, bureaucratic class, typically attached to one single Communist party that follow Marxist-Leninist doctrines and often claim to represent the dictatorship of the proletariat in a non-democratic fashion, described by critics as in a totalitarian and bureaucratic. These systems are also often called Stalinism, state capitalism, state communism or state socialism. With the Soviet Union's creation after the end of Russian Civil War that followed to initial success of Red October Revolution in Russia, other socialist parties in other countries and the Bolshevik party itself became Communist parties, owing allegiance of varying degrees to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (see Communist International).
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Proto-civilisation (French writing, British spelling) is the transitional state between a society structured as a collection of tribal chieftains, perhaps owing allegiance to a paramount chief, and the development of a full urban civilization, in which people live in a graded hierarchy of settlement types perhaps starting with isolated peasant farms, hamlets or small villages, through market towns, to centralised capital cities or ceremonial centres. It is an important stage in the genesis of a civilization, but historically appears to be an unstable threshold, often reverting to tribal or chieftain cultures if unable to "progress" to a full blown and semi-stable civilization. Examples of proto-civilisations are found preceding the development of almost all civilisations, but there are also examples of many proto-civilisations that failed to generate a separate civilisation. For example, the La Tene Celtic culture of oppida, stretching from such sites as at Hueneburg in Southern Germany, to the Belgae kingdoms of Southern Britain, show many of the characteristics of a proto-civilisation; including the settlement hierarchy already mentioned, the development of an upper "princely" class having a monopoly on institutionalised violence, the development of specialised functionaries, artisans and craftspeople.
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New Zealand has treason laws that are stipulated under the Crimes Act 1961. Section 73 of the Crimes Act reads as follows: > Every one owing allegiance to Her Majesty the Queen in right of New Zealand > commits treason who, within or outside New Zealand,— :(a) Kills or wounds or > does grievous bodily harm to Her Majesty the Queen, or imprisons or > restrains her; or :(b) Levies war against New Zealand; or :(c) Assists an > enemy at war with New Zealand, or any armed forces against which New Zealand > forces are engaged in hostilities, whether or not a state of war exists > between New Zealand and any other country; or :(d) Incites or assists any > person with force to invade New Zealand; or :(e) Uses force for the purpose > of overthrowing the New Zealand Government; or :(f) Conspires with any > person to do anything mentioned in this section. The penalty is life imprisonment, except for conspiracy, for which the maximum sentence is 14 years' imprisonment. Treason was the last capital crime in New Zealand law, with the death penalty not being revoked until 1989, years after it was abolished for murder.
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