We believe that men are born unequal, but we are all — Brahmin, sage, cobbler, outcaste — heading toward the same destiny.
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Siddarth Kara: Most of the girls trafficked from Assam, as with other parts of India, belong to low-caste or outcaste communities.
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The most compelling political relationship Guha reveals is the antagonism between Gandhi and the aforementioned B. R. Ambedkar, the pre-eminent politician of outcaste Hindus then known as "untouchables" and now as dalits.
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Scholars and sages from far-off places attended the sacrifice, hearing that Shiva would attend it. Shiva arrived with his wife Parvati and sons Ganesha and Kartikeya in the disguise of an outcaste (Dalit) or tribal family. He arrived with four Vedas (scriptures) as dogs and a dead calf. The inauspicious presence of an outcaste family was thought to have defiled the sacrifice.
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The band won the Edison Award in Holland. The band left Outcaste records in 2005 and went to sign with V2 Records and began to work on their second official release.
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Davidson also argues for the influence of non-brahmanical and outcaste tribal religions and their feminine deities (such as Parnasabari and Janguli).Davidson, Ronald M. Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social History of the Tantric Movement, p. 228, 231.
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A typical Yangban family scene from 1904. The Yoon family had an enduring presence in Korean politics from the 1800s until the 1970s. The baekjeong (백정) were an "untouchable" outcaste of Korea. The meaning today is that of butcher.
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The Bombay Jazz Palace is a compilation album released on CD in the UK by Outcaste Records on 28 January 2002.The Bombay Jazz Palace (Outcaste Records, 2001, London) The fourteen tracks featured on the CD are all influenced by both traditional Indian music, and various species of jazz and funk. The majority of the album's music dates from the 1970s or late 60s, forming part of the Western counterculture's growing interest in Asian culture. The first ten songs are by European and American musicians exploring the instrumentation, rhythms, and scales of Indian music, with varying degrees of authenticity.
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Nearly 40,000 people had been reached and helped towards gaining economic independence. In one of the Districts in Bengal an entire village of outcastes had been liberated. In another village in Madras, the crops of the outcaste converts had increased a hundredfold.
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Neeli becomes an outcaste and dies in child birth. Sankaran Nair (P.Bhaskaran), the village postman, adopts the child ignoring the protests of society. Sreedharan Nair marries Nalini (Prema), a member of an aristocratic family. Neeli’s son Mohan (Master Vipin) is brought up by the postman.
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Vithoba is said to have come as an outcaste with a bag of gold to pay for the grain and rescue Damaji. The famine of 1460 is known as Damaji Pant's famine in the Deccan region in honour of Damaji's generosity in the famine.
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The duo came together through Shabs, head of Outcaste Records, who thought that the pair's individually different sounds would complement each other in a group. The duo released their debut album Dancing Drums in 1998, which contained a culmination of drum and bass, hip hop, Indian classical music and jazz.
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Similarly, traditionally, the craftsman and the noble are ritually forbidden to enter the house of the other. Low caste people are expected not to handle farm equipment or cattle. In Ethiopia, the outcaste groups include the Weyto, who live on the shores of Lake Tana and are despised for eating hippopotamus meat.
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Born in Southampton, England, Niraj's first professional experience in music was working on Mark Hill's label. Moving to Outcaste Records in London, Niraj released the single "Walk Alone" and contributed four tracks to the album Outcaste New Breed. Since leaving Outcaste Records, Niraj has worked on the British Asian musical Baiju Bawra, which opened in London's Stratford East Theatre in 2002 and was adapted into a radio play by the BBC Asian Network in 2011 and numerous soundtracks, including, for television, the BAFTA- and Emmy-nominated Power of Art (2007), The Age of Terror (BBC, 2008), Darwin's Dangerous Idea (BBC 2008), City Beneath The Waves: Pavlopetri (2011), Origins of Us (BBC, 2011), Jimmy and The Whale Whisperer (Channel 4, 2012), Rise of the Continents (2013), Our Girl (2013), Sex and the City (HBO, 2003), The Mystery of Romes X-Tomb (2013), Food Prices: The Shocking Truth (Channel 4, 2014), Worlds Busiest Railway (2015), Six Degrees Of Separation (2015), The Secrets Of Your Food (2017) and, for film, All in Good Time (2012). In May 2006 he released "Bangles", the first song from his album Along the Dusty Road, on the Buzz-erk label.
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Before entering into politics, he was the President of Kondakarla, Atchutapuaram Mandal. He established development techniques including Harijan (outcaste) development and a cooperative society in his Kondakarla for educating deprived students. He wore Khadi clothes in his entire life. Some of his Social activities are Organising Co-operative Societies, Harijan uplift and rural welfare.
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Sharankumar Limbale (born June 1, 1956) is a Marathi language author, poet and literary critic. He has penned more than 40 books, but is best known for his autobiography Akkarmashi. Akkarmashi is translated in several other Indian languages and in English. The English translation is published by the Oxford University Press with the title The Outcaste.
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Having previously played percussion in Indus Creed,Rovi. "Shri on AllMusic." Allmusic.com. All Music, n.d. Web. 25 July 2012. . a leading rock band in India, and bass in the jazz outfit Azure Hades (with which he recorded an album), he moved to London in the 1990s and collaborated, as a bass player, with the London-based Asian acts like Talvin Singh, Nitin Sawhney and DJ Badmarsh (forming Badmarsh & Shri). Shri toured for 5 years with Sawhney, which led in 1997 to Shri's first solo album, Drum the Bass, produced by Sawhney and released by London-based label Outcaste Records. Later, Badmarsh & Shri produced two albums for Outcaste Records as a duo, Dancing Drums in 1998 and Signs in 2001. Shri released another solo album, East Rain, in 2005, with Drum the Bass Records.
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By the early 19th century, the Paraiyars had a degraded status in the Tamil society. Francis Buchanan's report on socio-economic condition of South Indians described them ("Pariar") as inferior caste slaves, who cultivated the lands held by Brahmins. This report largely shaped the perceptions of the British officials about contemporary society. They regarded Pariyars as an outcaste, untouchable community.
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Some were able to obtain some land rights and administrative positions. There was a sharp increase in community's growth, especially through conversions from the "outcaste" society. However, such measures of the Mysore rulers only widened the communal imbalance of Malabar. The East India Company — taking advantage of the situation — allied with the Hindu high castes to fight against the occupied regime.
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Harishchandra gave him all the money he had received from the sale of his wife and son. However, Vishwamitra was unhappy with the donation, and demanded more. Harishchandra then decided to sell himself. An outcaste chandala (actually the deity of dharma in disguise) offered to buy him, but Harishchandra's self-respect as a high-caste Kshatriya would not allow this.
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Laughter Through Tears is the second album released by London, England-based experimental band Oi Va Voi. Already having built a long resume of festival live appearances across Europe with no formal release, the band were honing their live show to perfection, the result was to cause the band to get booking requests from world music festivals, rock festivals, solidly touring Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia and Poland. The band, still self-managing whilst on tour, suddenly got a song from digital folklore called "7 Brothers" licensed to Outcaste for a compilation called "Future of Flamenco" which was compiled by the band's future A&R; person, Martin Morales. Martin subsequently signed to the band to outcaste which marked a watershed for the band and the level on which they operated and performed in entered a whole new realm.
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Yudi is unperturbed and claims that his homosexuality makes him an outcaste too. In a disco, Yudi and Milind confess their love for each other. They spend a week at Yudi's Place in Nalla Sopara and mock a marriage in Yudi's bedroom. Due to an extended holiday with Yudi to Shravanabelagola to see the naked statue of Gommateshwara, Milind is laid off from his work.
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In the late 1990s Arthanayake turned to music promotion working for artists as diverse as Nitin Sawhney, Judge Jules, Mos Def and Elton JohnNihal Arthanayake: How the multi-talented DJ rising to the top of mainstream radio The Independent, 14 January 2008 and it was while working for the groundbreaking Asian Beats record label Outcaste Records he promoted, amongst others Badmarsh & Shri's Signs album.
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Somasi Mara Nayanar and all the guests, were taken aback by the sight, finally Ganesha assumed his true form and informed the Nayanar about the true identity of the outcastes. The overjoyed Nayanar worshipped the outcaste Shiva and offered him the havir. After the sacrifice, Shiva appeared with Parvati in his true form and blessed Somasi Mara Nayanar, according him the status of a saint.
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Shabir "Shabs" Jobanputra is a UK music business figure, whose Outcaste and Relentless labels have had a sufficient impact on British popular culture to place him in the top 20 of The Guardians list of the most influential ethnic minority figures in the media. He is currently MD of Relentless Records, which was re-launched as a stand alone division of Sony Music in January 2012.
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Niraj Chag is a London-based musical artist and composer. His musical style mixes Indian classical influences with contemporary stylings and layered, complex beats. Niraj's tracks were initially released on the Outcaste record label and later on his own Buzz-erk label. He has written and produced three albums released under his own name: Along the Dusty Road (2006), The Lost Souls (2009) and Mud Doll (2015).
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Justin Tokimitsu Nozuka (born September 29, 1988) is a Canadian-American singer, songwriter and actor. His debut album Holly has been released in Europe, Canada, Japan and the United States. He has licensed the album to indie label Coalition Entertainment Records, distributed by Warner Music in Canada, Outcaste Records in the UK/EU distributed by EMI and Glassnote Records in the US distributed by Universal Music Group.
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From outcaste positions – "delinquents", "bad seeds", "losers", and the like – they see themselves as having moved to positions of full membership in society, and with this as having acquired the enhanced eligibilities for relationships, vocations, and ways of life that go with this new position." "This story illustrates an informal version of what OssorioOssorio, P.G. (1995). "What actually happens": The Representation of real world phenomena. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Descriptive Psychology Press.
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In 14th century, Ganga, a daughter of Unjha headman Hema Patel, was kidnapped by Muslim subedar. Their family priest, Asaita Thakar who was a brahmin, went to subedar claiming Ganga as his daughter. To prove, subedar asked him to dine with Ganga as during those time, brahmins did not dine with lower castes. He dined with her to save her but upon return, he was outcaste by Brahmins.
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The Sikh sangat was thus the melting-pot for the high and the low, the twice-born and the outcaste. It was a new fraternity emerging as the participants’ response of discipleship to the Guru. Sangats were knit into an organized system by Guru Amar Das who established manjis or preaching districts, each comprising a number of sangats. Guru Arjan appointed masands, community leaders, to look after sangats in different regions.
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Krishna granted the boon to Uttanka. Uttanka was the only other person other than Arjuna and Bhishma to get a divine vision of Krishna. Wandering in the desert, the sage became thirsty and, hoping to get water, thought of Krishna, but instead, he found a naked Chandala (an outcaste untouchable) urinating and asking him to drink the urine. The Chandala was covered in mud and surrounded by filthy dogs.
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His sons rejected the demand with scorn, stating that it would be equivalent to eating dog meat. Angered at their impudence, Vishvamitra cursed his sons to be reborn as outcaste dog-meat eaters for a thousand years, just like Vashistha's sons. Vishwamitra then turned to Shunahshepa, and asked him to recite two hymns during the sacrifice. Ambarisha and Shunahshepa then reached the palace, where the sacrificial ceremony started.
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The Rough Guide to Bhangra is a world music compilation album originally released in 2010. Part of the World Music Network Rough Guides series, the release features bhangra, a form of Punjabi music. Disc One highlights artists from the 1980s to 2000s, and Disc Two features the British band Achanak. The album was compiled by DJ Ritu, a British-born musician, BBC Radio 3 host, and co-founder of Outcaste Records.
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He visits Vithoba's temple and worships the god. He says to Vithoba that he has wronged the sultan, but he is ready to face the consequences of his noble deed, and his life was complete by worshipping Vithoba. Vithoba disguises him as a Mahar (outcaste) and reaches the sultan's court in Bidar. Vithoba introduces himself as a child who was brought up in Damaji's house and works as his servant.
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As Sena was engrossed in his prayers to Vithoba, Vithoba went to the palace in the form of Sena to serve the king, and Sena was saved.For complete tale, see Mahipati pp. 22–27 Another tale deals with a saint, Damaji, the keeper of the royal grain store, who distributed grain to the people in famine. Vithoba came as an outcaste with a bag of gold to pay for the grain.
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Albert S. Foley, Bishop Healy: Beloved Outcaste], Farrar, Strauss & Young, 1954, pp. 6-7. He says Healy owned more than 1600 acres and 60 slaves by 1840. Among these was a young slave woman named Mary Eliza Smith, whom he took as his wife in 1829. Various accounts have described Mary Eliza as "slave" or "former slave," and as mulatto or African American (the latter term includes people of mixed ancestry).
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It is a story of a burakumin schoolteacher who keeps his outcaste status secret until near the end of the novel. While Tōson was writing it each of his three children died of illness. His second novel, Haru (春 Spring, 1908), is a lyrical and sentimental autobiographical account of his youthful days with the Bungakukai group of writers. His third novel, Ie (家 The Family, 1910–1911), is considered by many to be his masterpiece.
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Based on that study, he published a book titled, 'Outcaste: The Jews of Southern Iran'. His subsequent anthropological research involved a Yemenite Community which now resides in Israel. After serving as Cantor for ten years on the East Coast, Loeb moved to Utah, with his family over 40 years ago. Cantor Loeb retired from the University of Utah where he was a faculty member of the anthropology department and served as Department Chairman for six years.
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In the 1920s a mythology formed around burakumin which claimed them to have become outcaste due to their work in the tanning industries. In fact, tanning was a minority profession among burakumin and, strictly speaking, ritual pollution was considered separately from the four occupations in the Tokugawa period. It was or who treated dead bodies of horses and cattle. Their status was immobile and they were thought to be more polluted, although hinin’s status was not necessarily immobile.
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The ancient precept, "Vedas are destroyer of agriculture and agriculture is destroyer of Vedas", is shown as one of the reasons as to why the Shudras were not allowed to learn Vedas. The fact that peasants were held as Shudras is also documented by Chinese traveller Xuanzang in the 7th century. Also, an "outcaste" who entered the profession of agriculture would be absorbed in the Shudra varna. The Shudra, states Marvin Davis, are not required to learn the Vedas.
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The First Spring: The Golden Age of India by Abraham Eraly p. 313 A few centuries later, Dubois observes that "Hindus look upon Europeans as barbarians totally ignorant of all principles of honour and good breeding... In the eyes of a Hindu, a Pariah (outcaste) and a European are on the same level." The Chinese viewed the Europeans as repulsive, ghost-like creatures, and even as devils. Chinese writers also referred to the Europeans as barbarians.
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The siblings Muktabai, Sopan, Dnyaneshwar and Nivruttinath seated on the flying wall greet Changdev seated on a tiger. In the centre, Changdev bows to Dnyaneshwar. Many miracles came to be associated with Dnyaneshwar's life, one of which was the revival of his disciple Sachchidanand's corpse. Fred Dallmyr summarizes one of these legends as follows from the hagiography by Mahipati: At age 12, Dnyaneshwar with his impoverished and outcaste siblings, went to Paithan to plead mercy from Paithan priests.
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With the help of her youngest brother-in-law Pattabhiramareddy, who was involved in Library movement, she established 'Sujana Ranjani samajam' and 'Vivekananda Granthalayam' in Potlapudi village, near Nellore to serve the society. Her friends started libraries in nearby villages Pogadadoruvu kandrika and Kotturu. She worked for the uplift of Harijan (outcaste) and poor. From 1916 to 1919 for a brief period, she was under the spell of revolutionary politics and later became the ardent disciple of Mahatma Gandhi.
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Geographically Govigama is highly concentrated in to Upcountry including Kandy, Colombo and some other interior areas of low country. These Govi and the Bathgama have traditionally been responsible for cultivation in accordance with the traditional tenure system of land-holding known as Rajakariya (duty). The Govigama caste has several endogamous sub divisions which include the Radalas (Kandyan aristocracy), Rate atto (husbandmen), Patti (shepherds), Katupulle (messengers or clerks), Nilamakkara (temple servants), Porovakara (wood cutters), Vahal (Radala servants) and Gattara (Govigama outcaste).
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The final four songs show a kind of mirror-image, with Indian musicians taking influence from popular idioms of Western music from the 1970s. Notable musicians featured include Lalo Schifrin, Dave Pike, Ravi Shankar, and George Harrison. The album has never seen a release outside of the UK, and received little attention in the mainstream press, although it was given a small review in The Guardian. Intriguingly, the Outcaste Records website suggests that track 11 is 'Tal Mala', by the Diga Rhythm Band.
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Some of the tracks on the album were later abridged and re-recorded for Laughter Through Tears, one example is the Hungarian folk song "A Csitari" whose vocals were performed by a female singer on the new album. The response to the album served to not only galvanise their following around the new release but was also nominated for a BBC World Music Award, went on to see them perform a showcase at Womex in Essen and then sign to Outcaste Records.
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Another states he was an outcaste, born to a Pariah woman and a Brahmin father. Mu Raghava Iyengar speculated that "valluva" in his name is a variation of "vallabha", the designation of a royal officer. S. Vaiyapuri Pillai derived his name from "valluvan" (a Paraiyar caste of royal drummers) and theorized that he was "the chief of the proclaiming boys analogous to a trumpet-major of an army". The traditional biographies not only are inconsistent, but also contain incredulous claims about the author of the Kural text.
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Jadhav's three autobiographical novels – Aamcha Baap Aan Amhi, (Marathi, 1993), Outcaste (English, 2002) and Untouchables (English, 2005) – depict the story of the struggle for human dignity by a Dalit family. Aamcha Baap Aan Amhi with 199 editions so far has reportedly become the largest selling book in the history of Marathi literature. Moreover, Untouchables and Aamcha Baap Aan Amhi have been translated into several Indian languages including Hindi, Gujarati, Kannada, Tamil, Urdu, Konkani, and Punjabi (Sahitya Akademi Award winner), besides French, Spanish, Korean and Thai.
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According to the story, Adi Shankaraachaarya, was on his way to the temple after finishing his bath in Ganga. Suddenly he saw a chandaala (an outcaste) and his four dogs on the way, and told him to moved away from him, as per the custom in those days. The Chandala then asked him question in two verses which is - On hearing this question, Shankara replied to these questions in five verses and touched the feet of Chandala, as a way to show respect towards him.
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The Hindu goddess Matangi is offered the taboo Uchchhishta food by the devotee in the ritually impure Uchchhishta state, with unwashed mouth and hands. Offering Uchchhishta food to Hindu deities or worship by an Uchchhishta person is prohibited in mainstream Hinduism. However, the esoteric Tantric goddess Matangi is recommended to be offered Uchchhishta food, in the polluted Uchchhishta state, with the remains of food in the mouth and hands; Matangi is associated with pollution and the outcaste and embodies the forbidden transgression of social norms.Kinsley pp.
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In 2006 Mills signed a publishing deal with Relentless/Outcaste and is currently very busy writing for many artists. Keith Tenniswood is now better known as one half of the electronic act Two Lone Swordsmen alongside Andrew Weatherall. Outside of the group he is more frequently known as Radioactive Man, and runs the Control Tower electro record label. Tenniswood has also worked with artists such as Beth Orton[Trailer Park, 1996, released on Heavenly Records] and David Holmes on his album Let's Get Killed, The Aloof and Red Snapper.
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At the time of their arrival the non-aboriginal local population had been converted to Buddhism by missionaries who had come from the north of India and from Ceylon. The Brahmins used their symbiotic relationship with the invading forces to assert their beliefs and position. Buddhist temples and monasteries were either destroyed or taken over for use in Hindu practices, thus undermining the ability of the Buddhists to propagate their beliefs. The Buddhist tradition of the Ezhavas, and the refusal to give it up, pushed them to an outcaste role within the greater Brahminic society.
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Having signed to Outcaste Records. The band recorded the album in the studio and had additional production from Moshik Kop and Toni Economedes (Da Lata) plus guest singers - Judit Nemeth, Earl Zinger, Lenny Breslaw (Drummer's father) and Mayer Bogdanski. The album had a strong urban production which was also complemented by numerous remixes which included Hefner and Matthew Herbert Big Band accompanying its release. With the professional team, a well-crafted product and a groundswell of following behind them, the band released the album to a huge response.
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According to the Vedas (Hindu holy scriptures), all living beings are equally valued.Bhagavad Gita 5.18 "The humble sages, by virtue of true knowledge, see with equal vision a learned and gentle brahmana, a cow, an elephant, a dog and a dog-eater [outcaste]." Also, Hindus believe that one's personality is affected by the kind of food one consumes, and eating flesh is considered bad for one's spiritual/mental well- being. It takes many more vegetables or plants to produce an equal amount of meat, many more lives are destroyed, and in this way more suffering is caused when meat is consumed.
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Jean- Antoine Dubois, a French missionary who worked in India between 1792-1823 and had a Brahmin-centric outlook, recorded the community's name as Pariah. He described them as people who lived outside the system of morals prescribed by Hinduism, accepted that outcaste position and were characterised by "drunkenness, shamelessness, brutality, truthlessness, uncleanliness, disgusting food practices, and an absolute lack of personal honour". Moffat says this led to pariah entering the English language as "a synonym for the socially ostracised and the morally depraved". Iyothee Thass felt that Paraiyar was a slur, and campaigned against its usage.
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As part of its modernizing program, the Meiji state replaced the feudal class system with a much simpler set of status distinctions. In 1872, the koseki (戸籍), or family registry, system was established, requiring each family to register with the local government and notify authorities of births, marriages, adoptions, divorces, and deaths in the household. The implementation of the koseki system meant that all families adopted a family name, a privilege which had previously been reserved for the warrior class. Members of the burakumin (部落民), or outcaste group, were legally emancipated in 1871.
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The > penitent was prescribed to dwell in a forest hut, at a desolate crossroads, > in a charnel ground, or under a tree; to live by begging; to practice > austerities; and to wear a loin-cloth of hemp, dog, or donkey-skin. They > also had to carry the emblems of a human skull as an alms-bowl, and the > skull of the Brahmin they had slain mounted upon a wooden staff as a > banner.These Hindu kapalika ascetics soon evolved into an extreme outcaste > sect of the 'left-hand' tantric path (Skt. vamamarg) of shakti or goddess > worship.
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Murthy (1992), p 183 T. R. Subba Rao dropped out of school to join the freedom struggle but later came under the influence of well known journalist S. K. Sharma and the passionate Kannada writer A. N. Krishna Rao. After a short stint as a journalist, Subba Rao took to writing short stories though his talent and consequent popularity was due to his novels. Subba Rao's numerous stories are intense and full of idealism but always with a human face. His early novels, Purushavatara and Munjavininda Munjavu concerned the problems of the underprivileged, the downtrodden and the outcaste.
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The label offered the band mentoring to help the creative process reach a wider audience. The label focused on assisting the band with songwriting and draughted in singers to help strengthen the sound. Outcaste (label under artistic directorship of British composer Nitin Sawnhey which was an imprint of Relentless to which KT was a signed artist) brought in singer KT Tunstall and suggested that the band write songs for her. The label presented the band with a vision of where they could be, taking many of the songs from Digital Folklore and putting them on the new album but with vocals.
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In 2001, Badmarsh & Shri released their second album, Signs, originally called Tribal (co-produced by Mike Spencer) through Outcaste Records. A continuation of their musical migration, the album was considered panoramic dance music by the record's publishers, switching between dancefloor music, and a more sensuous, chilled style. The duo drew their inspiration from their respective backgrounds of dancehall and hip-hop, as well as funk, Latin and African rhythms. They also made use of strings, synthesizers and flute, along with the vocal talents of UK Apache, who is also considered an integral part of live shows.
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The Jiva does not make anyone a Brahmana, states the text, because with rebirth the Jiva migrates from one body to another, this Jiva remains the same individuality while the body changes. Thus, it is not Jiva which can determine whether one is a Brahmana, asserts verse 3. The Deha or body does not make anyone a Brahmana, according to the text, because every human being's body is the same, constituted of the same five elements, everyone ages, everyone dies, people from all classes show various combinations of dharma (virtue) and adharma (vice) characteristics. All color complexions similarly, asserts the text, are found is all castes and those who are outcaste.
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The most recent immigrant ancestor, Michael Morris Healy, was born on September 20, 1796, in the town of Athlone in County Roscommon. He emigrated to the United States, possibly by way of Canada, arriving in 1818. Through good fortune in a Georgia land lottery and later acquisitions, he eventually acquired more than of good "bottomland" near the Ocmulgee River in Jones County, across the river from the market town of Macon. He became one of the more prominent and successful planters in an area known for cotton, and eventually owned 49-60Albert S. Foley, Bishop Healy: Beloved Outcaste, Farrar, Strauss & Geroux, 1954, p. 8.
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His weapons, the dog, protruding teeth, terrifying looks, and a garland with red flowers all give him a frightening appearance.Shulman, David Dean. “Outcaste, Guardian, and Trickster: Notes on the Myth of Kāttavarāyan.” In Criminal Gods and Demon Devotees: Essays on the Guardians of Popular Hinduism. Edited by Alf Hiltebeitel, 35–67. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989Sontheimer, Gunther Dietz. “Between Ghost and God: A Folk Deity of the Deccan.” In Criminal Gods and Demon Devotees: Essays on the Guardians of Popular Hinduism. Edited by Alf Hiltebeitel, 299–337. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989 In all Shiva temples, regular puja (reverence) rituals begin with Surya and end with Bhairava.
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The proscription against marriage between individuals of high-born and low-born families, once an indicator of the social gap between the two groups, had long ago disappeared; most matrimonial alliances were based on wealth and power and not on the ties of family distinction. Also, many so-called upper-class families, because of their traditional use of the Urdu language, had become alienated in independent Bangladesh. Although Hindu society used to be formally stratified into caste categories, caste did not figure prominently in the Bangladeshi Hindu community. About 75 percent of the Hindus in Bangladesh belonged to the lower castes, notably namasudras (lesser cultivators), and the remainder belonged primarily to outcaste or untouchable groups.
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Lal Singh Dil was born on11 April in 1943 in a Ramdasia Chamar, (an 'outcaste' community of tanners) family in Ghungrali Sikhãn (Punjabi text: 'ਜਨਮ ਸਥਾਨ: ਘੂੰਗਰਾਲੀ ਸਿੱਖਾਂ')Dil 1998,see "About the Author" (ਲੇਖਕ ਬਾਰੇ) by publisher/editor pp.221-22 near Samrala, a small town in Punjab (Malwa region) in then British India, now Indian Punjab. His was a family without money, without land, without education, without any financial and intellectual resources that could give Lal Singh a start for upward social or economic mobility. The family was fitted to perform only manual and menial agricultural labour, and Lal Singh's father, almost throughout his life, worked as an agricultural labourer on someone's land.
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They helped introduce or gave career defining breaks to lyricists like Qamar Jalalabadi, Anand Bakshi, Gulshan Bawra, Anjaan, Verma Malik and M G Hashmat. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, their work was introduced to a young Western audience by three albums. Bombay the Hard Way: Guns, Cars and Sitars was a mix album put together by US DJ Dan The Automator; Bollywood Funk was an Outcaste compilation album put together by Sutrasonic DJs Harv and Sunni; while The Beginners Guide To Bollywood was compiled by John Lewis from Time Out magazine. All three of these records concentrated on Kalyanji Anandji tracks from 1970s films that featured funk breakbeats, wah-wah guitars and Motown- style orchestrations.
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After starting his own PR company Media Village, which helped Sony records launch the UK careers of The Fugees and Jamiroquai by adapting the US promotional innovation of ‘Street Teams’ to the domestic market, Jobanputra co-founded (with college friend Paul Franklyn) the Outcaste label in 1995. Established as a joint venture with the New York hip-hop label Tommy Boy, Outcaste's ‘Asian Beats’ manifesto both reflected and amplified the increased visibility and confidence of British Asian culture in the mid and late 1990s. The label's first signing Nitin Sawhney went on to be nominated for the Mercury Prize and win a South Bank Show Award for his 1999 album Beyond Skin.
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The practice was begun by the Jesuits and was later initiated by the Franciscans also. The Jesuits staged an annual mass baptism on the Feast of the Conversion of St. Paul (25 January), and to secure as many neophytes as possible, a few days before the ceremony the Jesuits would go through the streets of the Hindu quarter in pairs, accompanied by their slaves, whom they would urge to seize the Hindus. When the slaves caught up to a fugitive, they would smear his lips with a piece of beef, making him an 'untouchable' outcaste in accordance with the oppressive caste purity and pollution rules. Conversion to Christianity was then his only option.
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I think it exists, but > some of the people who helped put those records out were women.” According to Jeff "Chairman" Mao, a key DJ in 1990s underground hip-hop and online hip-hop radio host, Monica Lynch managed the careers of Afrika Bambaataa & Soulsonic Force, Stetsasonic, Queen Latifah, De La Soul, Naughty by Nature among others. The label had several joint ventures in the mid 1990s including Penalty Recordings, Stepsun, Beyond, and Ignition. The label also had deals with labels such as Timber Records and distribution deals with Outcaste Records and 75 Ark, while also giving independent distribution to sister imprints that already had label deals with WEA, including American Recordings’ Ill Labels, Mute Records’ NovaMute, and Cold Chillin Records’ Livin’ Large.
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The Adi Dharma movement of the Brahmo religion is today the largest of the Brahmo developments with over eight million adherents. Adi Dharma has spawned not only the Indian National Congress party but also the Hindutva agenda of their opposition. Its radical contribution to India's polity was summed up by a President of India, :"It is ironic that a small dedicated group of outcaste twice born Brahmins of the highest caste of Bengal setting out to rid India of caste and prejudice have instead engendered a national Constitution which perpetuates a divisively violent Casteism in Hindu religion which tears the social fabric of India apart especially in the field of education."From the commemorative speech by N Sanjeeva Reddy, 27 Jan.
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The first railway establishment at Kharagpur started with the commissioning of the rail link between Cuttack – Balasore – Kharagpur and from Sini to Kolaghat via Kharagpur. Kharagpur as a junction station was established in Railway map in December 1898. The public mood and the reaction of society on introduction of rail transport in this region has been nicely depicted by the famous Bengali Novelist Dr Ramapada Chowdhury (who was born and raised in Kharagpur) in his novel Prothom Prohor. (1954) It is said that the people were initially afraid to travel by train for fear of the bridge collapsing, and for fear of getting outcaste or Dalit status, since there were no separate seating arrangement for different castes and religions. However, things changed due to famines in the early 20th century.
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It contains the personal stories of five Air Aspected Dragon-Bloods, plus new charms, artifacts and signature characters. It also includes information on the Exalted signature character, Tepet Arada. (WW8840, August 2003, 1-58846-668-X) # Exalted: The Sidereals (by Bryan Armor, Rebecca Borgstrom, Geoff Grabowski, Steve Kenson, and John Snead): A sourcebook for Sidereal Exalted characters, including details on the Heavenly city of Yu-Shan. (WW8814, October 2003, 1-58846-669-8) # Kingdom of Halta (by Matthew McFarland and John Snead): This book details the Kingdom of Halta, magical beings of Halta, plus beasts, manses and sundry wonders. (WW8826, December 2003, 1-58846-670-1) # Exalted: The Outcaste (by White Wolf and White Wolf Publishing Inc): This book contains valuable information on those Dragon- Blooded who are not born to the scions of the Realm, but serve other powers or none at all.
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Railroad network on the eve of the worst famines in Indian history in 1870s The failure to provide food to the millions who were hungry during the famines of the 1870s has been blamed both on the absence of adequate rail infrastructure and the incorporation of grain into the world market through rail and telegraph. Davis notes that, "The newly constructed railroads, lauded as institutional safeguards against famine, were instead used by merchants to ship grain inventories from outlying drought-stricken districts to central depots for hoarding (as well as protection from rioters)" and that telegraphs served to coordinate a rise in prices so that "food prices soared out of the reach of outcaste labourers, displaced weavers, sharecroppers and poor peasants." Members of the British administrative apparatus were also concerned that the larger market created by railway transport encouraged poor peasants to sell off their reserve stocks of grain. Rail transport, however, also played an essential role in supplying grain from food-surplus regions to famine-stricken ones.
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Dr. A. T. Ariyaratne, the founder of Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement A. T. Ariyaratne in a group (in the middle) Dr Vinya S. Ariyaratne, executive director of the Sarvodaya Movement, presents a conflict-sensitive reconstruction project (Conflict Sensitive Reconstruction Project). Vienna, Austria (28 February 2008) Map Room at the headquarters of the Sarvodaya Movement in Moratuwa, Sri Lanka (2004) Magazine at the headquarters of the Sarvodaya Movement (31 December 2004) Magazine at the headquarters of the Sarvodaya Movement (31 December 2004) Food and supplies to be delivered (31 December 2004) The Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement is a self-governance movement in Sri Lanka, which provides comprehensive development and conflict resolution programs to villages. It is also the largest indigenous organization working in reconstruction from the tsunami caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. Founded in 1958 by A. T. Ariyaratne when he took “forty high school students and twelve teachers from Nalanda College Colombo on “an educational experiment” to an outcaste village, Kathaluwa, and helped the villagers fix it up.
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