His book "Human Osteology" is the standard text on skeletal anatomy.
|
|
In osteology, she considered how her bones connected so she could optimize her stride.
|
|
My passion for osteology, mythology, astronomy, and obsessive collecting demanded a renovation of my studio (the basement).
|
|
He had majored in anthropology and taken a class in osteology, as well as the three-week class in forensics.
|
|
In North Carolina, Doughty spends time at Western Carolina University's Forensic Osteology Research Station (FOREST), where corpses donated to science are turned into compost.
|
|
The flawed nature of the Genome Research study, the authors argue, highlights the need for interdisciplinary research approaches, which in this case should've involved experts in osteology, medicine, archaeology, history, and genetics.
|
|
Researchers who want to work with the skeletons have to apply to the museum's Laboratory of Human Osteology; the skeletons are not put on display for anyone at the museum to see.
|
|
Portrait of a pilgrim Using multidisciplinary analysis by studying the skeleton with genotyping, radiocarbon dating, biomolecular analysis, osteology and other archaeological methods, the researchers were able to paint a portrait of a young medieval man.
|
|
Guild of Surgeons Like other trade guilds in Amsterdam in the 17th century, the Surgeons Guild commissioned paintings of its members and activities, such as The Osteology Lesson of Dr Sebastiaen Egbertsz, 1619, by Nicolaes Eliaszoon Pickenoy (top).
|
|
"To an outsider, the science of osteology may seem like reading tea leaves, but these authors are experts and systematically account for the shape of ridges, crests, and depressions on the bones," he told Gizmodo in an email.
|
|
Romer A.S. 1956. Osteology of the Reptiles. Chicago: University Chicago. 772 p.
|
|
The Osteoware project team has in the past consisted of (in alphabetical order): Kathleen Aida, formerly of the Repatriation Osteology Laboratory; Chris Dudar, director of the Repatriation Office Osteology Laboratory; Joseph Hefner from Michigan State University; Erica Jones, of the Repatriation Osteology Laboratory; Gwyn Madden, from the Department of Anthropology, Grand Valley State University; Dawn Mulhern from the Department of Anthropology, Fort Lewis College; Claire O'Brien, formerly of the Repatriation Osteology Laboratory; Steve Ousley from the Department of Anthropology, Mercyhurst College; and Cynthia Wilczak from the Department of Anthropology San Francisco State University.
|
|
Chatterjee does not identify the remaining vertebrae as particularly avian in their osteology.
|
|
Osteology of the Reptiles. University of Chicago Press:Chicago 1-772. Steel, R. (1970).
|
|
He held the position of Docent (lecturer) in osteology and paleontology, Clark University, from 1890 to 1892, and after that, professor and chairman of the osteology and vertebrate paleontology department at the University of Chicago until his death in 1898 at age 39.5 years old.
|
|
Osteology of the Reptiles. University of Chicago Press:Chicago 1-772. Steel, R. (1970). Part 14. Saurischia.
|
|
For more information on the applications of determining MNI, refer to bioarchaeology, forensic anthropology, osteology, or zooarchaeology.
|
|
A study of the vertebral column and median fin osteology in gobioid fishes with comments on gobioid relationships.
|
|
The ventral surface is called the plastron.Romer, A.S. (1956) Osteology of the Reptiles. Univ. of Chicago Press.Zangerl, R. 1969.
|
|
Jay Villemarette (pronounced ) is the owner, founder and president of both Skulls Unlimited International, Inc. and SKELETONS: Museum of Osteology.
|
|
Osteology of the Reptiles. University of Chicago Press:Chicago 1-772. As a tooth taxon, however, such usage has been discouraged.
|
|
A. S. Romer. 1956. Osteology of the Reptiles, University of Chicago Press 1-772.Steel, R. (1973). Handbuch der Paleoherpetologie. Vol.
|
|
Parker W.K. 1862. On the osteology of Balaeniceps rex, Gould (1860). Proc Zool Soc 4, 269–351, 3 plates.Parker W.K. 1866.
|
|
The digestive tract is translucent. In terms of osteology, Espadarana possess vomerine teeth and quadratojugal bone that is articulating with maxilla.
|
|
1858] The osteology and classification of the ophichthid eels of the Hawaiian Islands. Pacific Science v. 5 (no. 4): 298-320.
|
|
The dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 47(3):204-220.Romer, A.S. (1956). Osteology of the Reptiles.
|
|
The museum was established by Jay Villemarette, founder of the company Skulls Unlimited International, Inc., which is located next to the museum. Construction on the museum began in 2004 and opened to the public on October 1, 2010. In 2015, the Museum of Osteology opened a second location, Skeletons: Museum of Osteology, at the I-Drive 360 entertainment complex in Orlando, Florida.
|
|
The study of osteology is a study of bones and can be a subdiscipline in archeology. Osteologists in archeology reconstruct bones of humans or animals from the past to find more about the past civilizations. Osteology is used in archaeology to determine the age, gender, and ethnicity of the remains. It is also helpful to rebuild past societies’ cultural background.
|
|
Gosline, W. A., 1951 (Oct.) [ref. 1858] The osteology and classification of the ophichthid eels of the Hawaiian Islands. Pacific Science v. 5 (no.
|
|
"Osteology Of The Cryptoclidoid Plesiosaur Tatenectes laramiensis, With Comments On The Taxonomic Status Of The Cimoliasauridae". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29 (1): 48–57.
|
|
On May 1, 2015, Skulls Unlimited Inc. opened a second museum, SKELETONS: Museum of Osteology, in Orlando, FL., which displays over 500 real skeletons.
|
|
The Museum of Osteology, located in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, North America, is a private museum devoted to the study of bones and skeletons (osteology). This museum displays over 350 skeletons from animal species from animals all over the world. With another 7000 specimens as part of the collection, but not on display, this is the largest privately held collection of osteological specimens in the world.
|
|
Osteology of the Reptiles. Chicago. University of Chicago Press. pp. 1–772. . It was suggested to be a possible erpetosuchid in 1966,Romer, A.S. Vertebrate Paleontology.
|
|
"Craniofacial Criteria in the Skeletal Attribution of Race". In Forensic Osteology: Advances in the Identification of Human Remains (2nd edition). Reichs, Kathleen (ed.), pp. 293–315.
|
|
Volcher Coiter (also spelled Coyter or Koyter; 1534 – 2 June 1576) was a Dutch anatomist who established the study of comparative osteology and first described cerebrospinal meningitis.
|
|
The Dinosauria (second edition). University of California Press:Berkeley, 494-513. . It has sometimes been listed as a synonym of Agathaumas,Romer, A.S. (1956). Osteology of the Reptiles.
|
|
1, Osteology, Arthrology and Syndesmology, Myology (317 pp.); vol. 2, Splanchnology, Ductless Glands, Heart (229 pp.); and vol. 3, Nervous System, A ngiology, Sense Organs (326 pp.).
|
|
Tykoski, R. S. 1998. The osteology of Syntarsus kayentakatae and its implications for ceratosaurid phylogeny. Master's thesis, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 217 pp.
|
|
In 2010, Villemarette opened the Museum of Osteology in South Oklahoma City, which holds over 300 skeletons on display. The 7,000 square foot space holds specimens like a 40 foot long humbback whale and the skull of a rare Javan rhinoceros. He developed the museum primarily in hopes of it being utilized as an educational tool. The Museum of Osteology shares its space with Skulls Unlimited International, Inc.
|
|
Osteology of Blastomeryx and phylogeny of the American Cervidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 24(27):535-562W. K. Gregory. 1910. The orders of mammals.
|
|
Paxton, John R. (1968) "Evolution In The Oceanic Midwaters: Comparative Osteology And Relationships Of The Lanternfishes (Family Myctophidae)" PhD thesis, University of Southern California. Accessed July 21, 2020.
|
|
Adult weight has been reported ranging from . It stands somewhere between at the shoulder. South American tapir skull, on display at the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
|
|
Osteology of the Late Jurassic Portuguese sauropod dinosaur Lusotitan atalaiensis (Macronaria) and the evolutionary history of basal titanosauriforms. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 168(1), 98-206.
|
|
Females and young both lack obvious "tusks". Skeleton of a North Sulawesi babirusa (Museum of Osteology) This species is protected by Indonesian law but is threatened by illegal hunting.
|
|
Comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Miocaperea pulchra, the first fossil pygmy right whale genus and species (Cetacea, Mysticeti, Neobalaenidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 166: 876-911.
|
|
Nardorex zorzini is a superficially mackerel-like animal whose overall anatomy places it within the order Aulopiformes. However, the details of its osteology make its placement within Aulopiformes problematic.
|
|
He then cleaned and articulated the skeleton and kept the bones in an iron kettle in his office. His sons received their first lessons in osteology from this skeleton.
|
|
Often authorities are motivated to retain the separate genus on the grounds of osteological distinctions.Ford, N. L. (1967). A systematic study of the owls based on comparative osteology. PhD diss, Univ.
|
|
Osteology and relationships of Spinosuchus caseanus Huene, 1932 from Texas (Dockum Group, Upper Triassic): a new interpretation. December 17, 1999. Richard J. Zakrzewski, Thesis Advisor. Fort Hays University, Department of Geosciences.
|
|
The bones are later whitened using hydrogen peroxide. Skulls Unlimited processes approximately 25,000 skull specimens per year. Skulls Unlimited and the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Skulls Unlimited's gift shop.
|
|
A human skeleton (endoskeleton) Osteology, derived from the Greek words osteon .(bone) and logos (knowledge), is the scientific study of bones, practised by osteologists. A subdiscipline of anatomy, anthropology, and paleontology, osteology is a detailed study of the structure of bones, skeletal elements, teeth, microbone morphology, function, disease, pathology, the process of ossification (from cartilaginous molds), and the resistance and hardness of bones (biophysics). A person who examines bones and determines cause of death is a forensic anthropologist.
|
|
A human skeleton on exhibit at the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma The skeleton serves six major functions: support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals and endocrine regulation.
|
|
A skeleton of a manatee and calf, the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City Skull of a West Indian manatee, the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City Manatees weigh , and average in length, sometimes growing to and (the females tend to be larger and heavier). At birth, baby manatees weigh about each. The manatee has a large, flexible, prehensile upper lip, used to gather food and eat and for social interaction and communication. Manatees have shorter snouts than their fellow sirenians, the dugongs.
|
|
Livezey's research work dealt with controversial areas of bird phylogenetics and taxonomy. While Livezey's colleagues often used DNA analysis to support their research, Livezey demonstrated a more traditional approach, based on exhaustive studies of bone shape and other characteristics. His general interests included phylogenetic relationships of avian families, phylogenetic relationships of waterfowl, evolution of avian flightlessness, comparative osteology of birds, multivariate morphometrics, and avian paleontology. He was generally considered to be the world authority on the osteology—the study of skeletons—of birds.
|
|
Also in 1759, Thiroux d'Arconville translated Alexander Monro’s Treatise on Osteology. In order to write her preface for Treatise on Osteology, Thiroux d'Arconville looked to Jean-Joseph Sue, a professor of anatomy in the royal schools of surgery and painting and a royal censor for books of surgery, for help. In the preface, recognizing the limits to her knowledge on the subject, she redirected readers to other text that provided more in depth information. She also reorganized Monro's text and added illustrations.
|
|
The Tungstates and Molybdates of the Rare Earths XI.—Further Notes on the Osteology of the Shad,(Alosa sapidissima) Introductory Note on the Reduction of Metallic Oxides, At High Temperatures Not a complete list.
|
|
"Dilophosaurus wetherilli (Dinosauria, Theropoda), osteology and comparisons". Palaeontogr. Abt. A 185: 85–180. This name came out in a private publication distributed by Pickering,Olshevsky, George (1999-12-05). "Dinosaur Genera List corrections #126".
|
|
The earth science collection focuses on the natural history of rocks, minerals, and fossils. Specimens within the earth science collection focus on a number of different studies including paleontology, geology, paleobotany, and comparative osteology.
|
|
Nesbitt SJ. 2005. Osteology of the Middle Triassic pseudosuchian archosaur Arizonasaurus babbitti. Historical Biology 17: 19-47. Two genera previously classified as poposaurids, are in fact rauisuchids. These include TeratosaurusLong RA, Murry PA. 1995.
|
|
Skeleton- Museum of Osteology The crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata) also known as the African crested porcupine, is a species of rodent in the family Hystricidae found in Italy, North Africa, and sub-Saharan Africa.
|
|
One other species, "Pariotichus megalops" is a junior synonym of the dvinosaur temnospondyl Isodectes obtusus. The osteology and relationships of P. brachyops were subsequently reviewed by Gregory et al. (1956) and Carroll & Gaskill (1978).
|
|
Digital preparation and osteology of the skull of Lesothosaurus diagnosticus (Ornithischia: Dinosauria). PeerJ, 3, e1494. Emausaurus can be more derived than Scelidosaurus, or even be a sister taxa to Stegosauria.Stumpf, S., & Meng, S. (2013).
|
|
Giraffe skeleton on display at the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Fully grown giraffes stand tall, with males taller than females.Nowak, R.M. (1999). Giraffe Pages 1086–1089 in Walker's Mammals of the World. Volume 1.
|
|
Milleretta is considered the leased derived member of the family, relative to Milleropsis and Millerosaurus.Gow, C.E. 1972. The osteology and relationships of the Millerettidae (Reptilia, Cotylosauria). Journal of the Zoological Society of London, l67:219-264.
|
|
On the osteology of the gallinaceous birds and Tinamous. Trans Zool Soc 5, 149–241, 9 plates.Parker W.K. 1864. Remarks on the skeleton of the Archaeopteryx, and on the relations of the bird to the reptile.
|
|
Like the field of physical anthropology, the journal has grown and developed into research areas far beyond its origins. It publishes research in areas such as human paleontology, osteology, anatomy, biology, genetics, primatology, and forensic science.
|
|
The parasitology, pathology and osteology departments have large specimen collections. Many subspecies of salmonella such as S. goverdhan, S. mathurae and Mycoplasma sps have been researched there. The clinics department offers X-ray and ultrasound facilities.
|
|
Osteology of the Reptiles. University of Chicago Press:Chicago, 1-772. Peter Galton reassessed the genus in 1980 and established that it was a distinct genus, which he compared to Priconodon and Sauropelta and assigned to Nodosauridae.
|
|
Male black-casqued hornbill skeleton (Museum of Osteology) The black-casqued hornbill (Ceratogymna atrata) or black-casqued wattled hornbill, is a species of hornbill in the family Bucerotidae. It is widely spread across the African tropical rainforest.
|
|
Hypisodus was named by Cope (1873). It was assigned to Hypisodontinae by Matthew (1908); and to Hypertragulidae by Cope (1873), Cook (1934) and Carroll (1988).W. D. Matthew. 1908. Osteology of Blastomeryx and phylogeny of the American Cervidae.
|
|
The splenial is a small bone in the lower jaw of reptiles, amphibians and birds, usually located on the lingual side (closest to the tongue) between the angular and suprangular.Romer, A. S. (1956). Osteology of the Reptiles. 772 pp.
|
|
A new complete osteology of Prosauropoda in Lufeng Basin, Yunnan, China. Yunnan Publishing House of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 1-100. [Chinese] Fossil remains of Jingshanosaurus had been exhibited in museums several years prior to the formal naming.
|
|
He also followed his first conclusion of P. longiceps being a synonym of either P. velox or P. occidentalis based on its size.Williston, S. W. 1903. On the osteology of Nyctosaurus (Nyctodactylus), with notes on American pterosaurs. Field Mus. Publ.
|
|
Restoration Edgarosaurus is a genus of polycotylid plesiosaur from the Thermopolis Shale, containing one species, E. muddi.Druckenmiller, PS, 2002. "Osteology of a new plesiosaur from the lower Cretaceous (Albian) Thermopolis Shale of Montana". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22: 29-42.
|
|
Museum collections contain human remains in many forms, including entire preserved bodies, discrete parts of the anatomy, and even art and artifacts created out of human body parts. Human skull on display at the Museum of Osteology in Oklahoma City.
|
|
The osteology of Syntarsus kayentakatae and its implications for ceratosaurid phylogeny. Unpublished Masters Thesis, University of Texas at Austin, 217 pp. agreed. Gay (2010) described the specimen as the new tetanurine taxon Kayentavenator elysiae,Gay, 2010. Notes on Early Mesozoic theropods.
|
|
Osteology of Eoraptor lunensis (Dinosauria, Sauropodomorpha). J Vertebr Paleontol. 32(Suppl 1):83–179. There were several major trends in the evolution of sauropodomorphs, most notably increased size and elongated necks, both of which would reach their culmination in neosauropods.
|
|
Blythophryne is distinguished from other bufonid genera because of its small adult size. Osteology: Presence of six presacral vertebrae, absence of coccygeal expansions. General Anatomy: Have elongated pair of parotoid glands, expanded discs at digit tips, Phytotelmonous tadpoles lack oral denticles.
|
|
In the Warren Museum of Anatomy at Harvard, Dwight arranged a section of osteology, considered one of the best in existence, and he had an international reputation as an anatomist.Windle, Bertram (1912). "Thomas Dwight." In: Twelve Catholic Men of Science.
|
|
Parsons, W.L. & K.M. (2009). "Further Descriptions of the Osteology of Deinonychus antirrhopus (Saurischia, Theropoda)". Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. 38. Even after all Ostrom's work, several small blocks of lime-encased material remained unprepared in storage at the American Museum.
|
|
Naish, D., 2006. The Osteology and Affinities of Eotyrannus lengi and Other Lower Cretaceous Theropod Dinosaurs From England. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Portsmouth. The holotype of Eotyrannus is estimated to have measured about long and around 91-227 kg (200-500 lbs).
|
|
The museum contains the osteology collections of Sebastiano Richiardi. The bird collection consists of 9,000 mounts, and about 1,000 skins, 275 skeletons, 1,100 eggs, 800 nests, and 450 anatomical specimens. The museum specializes in Italian birds, especially from the Pisa and Tuscany region.
|
|
Boston Society of Natural History, pp. 245–247.Savage TS, Wyman J. (1847). Notice of the external characters and habits of Troglodytes gorilla, a new species of orang from the Gaboon River, osteology of the same . Boston Journal of Natural History 5:417–443.
|
|
Notice of the external characters and habits of Troglodytes gorilla, a new species of orang from the Gaboon River, osteology of the same. Boston J Nat Hist 5:417–443. with the scientific name Troglodytes gorilla, now known as the western gorilla.Conniff R. Discovering gorilla.
|
|
The first of Ostrom's broad-based reviews of the osteology and phylogeny of the primitive bird Archaeopteryx appeared in 1976. His reaction to the eventual discovery of feathered dinosaurs in China, after years of acrimonious debate, was bittersweet.At last, his theory flies. May 5, 2001.
|
|
A study on the phylogenetic relationships of the Carangidae-based primarily on osteology by Soko Gushiken found that Gnathanodon is closely related to and forms a monophyletic group with Caranx. The species has yet to be included in any molecular phylogeny study of the family.
|
|
It is based on a tibia, with an associated partial skeleton that may belong to the same individual. Initially described as a basal tetanuran,Rauhut, 2005. Osteology and relationships of a new theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Patagonia. Palaeontology. 48(1), 87-110.
|
|
In 1938, he examined fossilized teeth discovered by a limestone quarrying operation and identified them as rare Pleistocene fossils of tapir, bear, and an extinct North American lion. A prolific writer, Gilmore published 170 scientific papers during his career, including monographic studies on the osteology of Apatosaurus and Camptosaurus and the osteology of carnivorous and armored dinosaurs. As well as describing new dinosaurs, Gilmore wrote several monographs, including a 1914 monograph on Stegosaurus, a 1920 monograph on carnivorous dinosaurs, a 1936 review of Apatosaurus, as well as a more focused 1925 study of the Carnegie juvenile Camarasaurus. Gilmore retired from the Smithsonian in 1945, and died on September 27, 1945.
|
|
Robins, C. H., and C. R. Robins, 1970 (31 Dec.) [ref. 3783] The eel family Dysommidae (including the Dysomminidae and Nettodaridae), its osteology and composition, including a new genus and species. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 122 (no. 6): 293-335.
|
|
The specific name reflects the provenance from Yamanpalli. The holotype is 21/SR/PAL, an ilium. The Geological Survey of India combined several elements into a skeletal mount and displayed it at the Birla Science Museum, Hyderabad. In 2001, Yadagiri described the osteology in more detail.
|
|
This initial comparison sparked the interest into the origin of birds and feathers. In 1882, Othniel Charles Marsh named a new family of dinosaurs for this species Compsognathidae and officially recognized the species as part of Dinosauria.Ostrom, J. H. (1978). The osteology of Compsognathus longipes Wagner. Zitteliana.
|
|
Stereocyclops can be defined by features of its osteology. In the skull, palatine bone is present, as is the posterior part of prevomer. The clavicle is fully developed and long. Furthermore, the dorsal coloration is light and sharply separated from the dark ventrum by a light line.
|
|
Donald Farmer, Avian Biology, Elsevier, 02/12/2012Gerald Mayr (2016). "Osteology and phylogenetic affinities of the middle Eocene North American Bathornis grallator—one of the best represented, albeit least known Paleogene cariamiform birds (seriemas and allies)". Journal of Paleontology 90 (2): 357–374. doi:10.1017/jpa.2016.45.
|
|
McDonald et al. (2012) recover Proa at the base of Hadrosauriformes along with Iguanodon. In his osteology of Hypselospinus, Norman (2015) recovered Proa in a monophyletic Iguanodontidae as closer to the East Asian Bolong and Jinzhousaurus than to other European members of Iguanodontidae.Norman, D. B. (2015).
|
|
"On the history, osteology, and systematic position of the Wealden (Hastings group) dinosaur Hypselospinus fittoni (Iguanodontia: Styracosterna)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 173: 92–189. doi:10.1111/zoj.12193. Verdu et al (2017) recovered it as part of Eurasian clade including Xuwulong, Altirhinus, Koshisaurus and Gongpoquansaurus.
|
|
"Molecular phylogeny of the critically endangered Indochinese box turtle (Cuora galbinifrons)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 31: 164-177. This is the same for Cuora galbinifrons bourreti, which is much closer related to Cuora galbinifrons, though, in osteology, genetics and morphology than is Cuora picturata to either one.
|
|
The piping guans are a bird genus, Pipile, in the family Cracidae. A recent study (Grau et al. 2005), evaluating mtDNA, osteology and biogeography data (Grau et al., 2005) concluding that the wattled guan belongs in the same genus as these and is a hypermelanistic piping guan.
|
|
Thus, nowadays it is recognized as a monotypic genus, named Vijayachelys in honor of the famous Indian herpetologist Jagannathan Vijaya (1959-1987) who rediscovered this species in 1982 and until her death extensively studied it. A diagnosis of the osteology of Vijayachelys was published in 2006.
|
|
Zhyraornis is a genus of prehistoric bird from the late Cretaceous period (middle Turonian, 92 mya).Averianov, A.O. (2010). "The osteology of Azhdarcho lancicollis Nessov, 1984 (Pterosauria, Azhdarchidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 314(3): 246-317.
|
|
In 2017, Scherz et al. (2017) described G. megalepis from the limestone pinnacle karst formations of Ankarana National Park—this species has larger scales than all other members of the genus, but it was also identified based on its osteology. The taxonomic identity of G. maculata remains uncertain.
|
|
Osteology shares past activities pursued by the ancient cultures including human and animal migrations as well as warfare. Using the remains from the past can help modern archaeologist uncover the past from what they ate to their daily activities. This can help uncover the mysteries of past histories.
|
|
They proposed the synonymy of Stumpffia with Rhombophryne because these genera were found to be paraphyletic. However, in 2016 Scherz et al. re-analysed their data with new data—including osteology and external morphology. They found strong support for these groups being ecologically distinct, non-synonymous sister taxa.
|
|
Communication describing the external character and habits of a new species of Troglodytes (T. gorilla). Boston Soc Nat Hist: 245–247.Savage TS, Wyman J. (1847). Notice of the external characters and habits of Troglodytes gorilla, a new species of orang from the Gaboon River, osteology of the same.
|
|
He read papers as a lecturer in comparative anatomyGarson, J. G. "On the Physical Characteristics of the Lapps." The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. 15, (1886), pp. 235-238 and produced the chapter on osteology in H. Ling Roth's The Aborigines of Tasmania.
|
|
Through this research on Holocene fossil birds James showed that massive extinctions of birds had occurred following human colonization of the Hawaiian Islands. In 2000, James earned a PhD in zoology from the University of Oxford, with a dissertation on the comparative osteology and phylogeny of the Hawaiian finches (Drepanidini). She has also conducted research on the fossil vertebrates and paleoecology of Madagascar, the comparative osteology and phylogenetics of perching birds, and the evolution of island waterfowl. James was a founding member of the executive council of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution and serves on the council of the American Institute of Biological Sciences as the member representative for the American Ornithologists' Union.
|
|
The gigantic Australian mihirungs, which may be closer to Galliformes than to Anseriformes as traditionally expected,Worthy, T., Mitri, M., Handley, W., Lee, M., Anderson, A., Sand, C. 2016. Osteology supports a steam-galliform affinity for the giant extinct flightless birds Sylviornis neocaledoniae (Sylviornithidae, Galloanseres). PLOS ONE. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.
|
|
The osteology of the human skull was an important theory for transcendental anatomists. Transcendental anatomists theorized that the bones of the skull were "cranial vertebra", or modified bones from the vertebrae. Owen ardently supported the theory as major evidence for his theory of homology. The theory has since been discredited.
|
|
Britz, R. (2003): Descriptive Osteology of the Family Chaudhuriidae (Teleostei, Synbranchiformes, Mastacembeloidei), with a Discussion of Its Relationships. American Museum Novitates, 3418: 1-62. Almost nothing is known of the habits and biology of the earthworm eels. The family name "Chaudhuriidae" comes from a Burmese local name for a fish.
|
|
Allosaurus fragilis: A Revised Osteology. Utah Geological Survey Bulletin 109 (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City: Utah Geological Survey. The skull also exhibits features consistent with significant cranial kinesis: a synovial joint between the braincase and the frontals and a loose articulation between the dentary and the angular/surangular.Paul, Gregory S. (1988).
|
|
It also found that Incisivosaurus had reduced olfactory lobes and expanded optic lobes similar to ornithomimosaurs. It suggested that the most birdlike features of oviraptorosaurs may have been convergent with birds.Balanoff, Amy M., Xu, Xing, Kobayashi, Yoshimura, Matsufune, Yusuke, Norell, Mark. "Cranial Osteology of the Theropod Dinosaur Incisivosaurus gauthieri (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria)".
|
|
Gilmore, C.W. (1914). Osteology of the armored Dinosauria in the United States National Museum, with special reference to the genus Stegosaurus. United States National Museum Bulletin 89:1-136. Frederic Augustus Lucas described it briefly in 1901 as a new species of Stegosaurus, but soon gave the material its own genus.
|
|
Osteology of Falcarius utahensis (Dinosauria: Theropoda): characterizing the anatomy of basal therizinosaurs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158(1):196-230 The cladogram below follows a 2016 analysis by Sebastián Apesteguía, Nathan D. Smith, Rubén Juarez Valieri, and Peter J. Makovicky based on the dataset of Carrano et al. (2012).
|
|
Gilmore, C. W. (1914). Osteology of the armored Dinosauria in the United States National Museum, with special reference to the genus Stegosaurus. United States National Museum Bulletin, 89, 1–143. Furthermore, no two plates share the same size and shape, making the possibility of bilaterally paired rows even less likely.
|
|
Since the painting of Tulp's predecessor in 1619, The Osteology Lesson of Dr Sebastiaen Egbertsz was a group portrait around a skeleton, it is clear that the subject of a dead body had set a precedent. It would be another 100 years before the surgeons were allowed to dissect a female cadaver.
|
|
Osteologists frequently work in the public and private sector as consultants for museums, scientists for research laboratories, scientists for medical investigations and/or for companies producing osteological reproductions in an academic context. Osteology and osteologists should not be confused with the holistic practice of medicine known as osteopathy and its practitioners, osteopaths.
|
|
Program and Abstracts, 2014, 182. and Madagascar. In their osteology of Parasuchus, Kammerer et al. (2016) suggested using Parasuchidae to include taxa traditionally included in Phytosauridae as well as Parasuchus-grade taxa.Kammerer, C. F., Butler, R. J., Bandyopadhyay, S., Stocker, M. R. (2016), Relationships of the Indian phytosaur Parasuchus hislopi Lydekker, 1885.
|
|
Genetic sequences from specimens collected in this area were later used as the reference material for the species (summarised in ref.), and when it was found that the sequences of specimens of these species were more similar to sequences of the species Rhombophryne testudo than to other Plethodontohyla species, it was moved to the genus Rhombophryne, along with a slew of other species. In 2017 Bellati et al. conducted a thorough review of the taxonomy of this species and its associated synonyms, based on osteology, external morphology, and phylogenetics. They showed (1) that the holotype is a Plethodontohyla species based on its osteology, (2) the holotype does not agree in morphology with the specimens used as genetic reference material for the species, and these are clearly Rhombophryne species based on their osteology, meaning that the species included in molecular phylogenetic reconstructions as P. alluaudi until that point represent an undescribed Rhombophryne species, (3) Plethodontohyla laevis is not synonymous with P. alluaudi, but is probably its sister species (with one candidate species that needs to be clarified falling between these two taxa in their phylogeny), and (4) a further synonym, P. laevis tsianovohensis, probably is synonymous with P. alluaudi.
|
|
Size comparison (human in blue, lectotype in pink, largest specimen in red) Since the first finds, many other Megalosaurus bones have been recovered; however, no complete skeleton has yet been found. Therefore, the details of its physical appearance cannot be certain. However, a full osteology of all known material was published in 2010 by Benson.
|
|
Europe,Dal Sasso C., Maganuco S. "Scipionyx samniticus (Theropoda: Compsognathidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Italy: osteology, ontogenetic assessment, phylogeny, soft tissue anatomy, taphonomy and palaeobiology." Memorie, XXXVI-I (2011): 1-283. and South America. Assignment to Compsognathidae is usually determined through examination of the metacarpal, which is used to separate Compsognathidae from other dinosaurs.
|
|
Andrews originally assigned Sarcosaurus to the Megalosauridae. The first to suggest a more basal position was Samuel Paul Welles who placed it in the Coelophysidae.S.P. Welles. 1984. "Dilophosaurus wetherilli (Dinosauria, Theropoda): osteology and comparisons". Palaeontographica Abteilung A 185: 85-180 Later analyses resulted in either a position in the Ceratosauria,J A. Gauthier. 1986.
|
|
Hamadasuchus is an extinct genus of sebecian crocodylomorph. Fossils have been found from the Kem Kem Formation outcropping in southeastern Morocco.Larsson, H. C. E. and Sues, H.-D. (2007). Cranial osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Hamadasuchus rebouli (Crocodyliformes: Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Cretaceous of Morocco. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149(4):533-567.
|
|
Monolophosaurus was originally termed a "megalosaur" and has often since been suggested to be an allosauroid. Smith et al. (2007) was the first publication to find Monolophosaurus to be a non-neotetanuran tetanuran,Smith ND, Makovicky PJ, Hammer WR, Currie PJ. 2007. Osteology of Cryolophosaurus ellioti (Dinosauria:Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of Antarctica and implications for early theropod evolution.
|
|
A.S. Romer. 1956. Osteology of the Reptiles, University of Chicago Press 772 pp There proved to be a plant genus (a grass) with the same generic name, Euhelopus. However, a genus in one biological kingdom may have a name that is used as a genus name in another kingdom, so Euhelopus was allowed. The type species is Helopus zdanskyi.
|
|
View of the museum building Natural History Museum Basel () is a natural history museum in Basel, Switzerland that houses wide-ranging collections focused on the fields of zoology, entomology, mineralogy, anthropology, osteology and paleontology. It has over 7.7 million objects. It was established as a natural history collection in 1821. The museum is a heritage site of national significance.
|
|
The fossils he excavated near Garnett, Kansas, were source material for his work on the earliest known reptiles. Until his untimely death of a heart attack in 1958, his interests included the evolution, osteology, and ecology of the Garnett fossil reptiles. Shortly before his death he was awarded a National Science Foundation research grant.Frank Elmer Peabody, Zoology: Los Angeles.
|
|
In anatomy and osteology, a foramen (;OED 2nd edition, 1989.Entry "foramen" in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. plural foramina, or foramens ) is an open hole that is present in extant or extinct amniotes. Foramina inside the body of animals typically allow muscles, nerves, arteries, veins, or other structures to connect one part of the body with another.
|
|
Guillén earned her doctorate at the University of Michigan in 1992. During her time in Michigan, Guillén attended a course in osteology delivered by Jane E. Buikstra at Northwestern University. She worked alongside Lawrence Angel, Douglas H. Ubelaker and Thomas Dale Stewart at the Smithsonian Institution. She has been a Professor at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru.
|
|
In South Dakota, black-footed ferrets associate with black-tailed prairie dogs. Because black-tailed prairie dogs do not hibernate, little seasonal change in black-footed ferret diet is necessary. predator-prey relationship between the two. (Museum of Osteology) In Mellette County, South Dakota, black-tailed prairie dog remains occurred in 91% of 82 black- footed ferret scats.
|
|
Nine-banded armadillo skeleton. Three-banded armadillo skeleton on display at the Museum of Osteology. Armadillos meaning "little armoured ones" in Spanish are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata. The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along with the anteaters and sloths.
|
|
The difference between the sexes is apparent in the casque on the top of their bill. This pair is on display at the Museum of Osteology. Sexual dimorphism is maintained by the counteracting pressures of natural selection and sexual selection. For example, sexual dimorphism in coloration increases the vulnerability of bird species to predation by European sparrowhawks in Denmark.
|
|
Gerald Mayr (2016). "Osteology and phylogenetic affinities of the middle Eocene North American Bathornis grallator—one of the best represented, albeit least known Paleogene cariamiform birds (seriemas and allies)". Journal of Paleontology 90 (2): 357–374. doi:10.1017/jpa.2016.45. Overall, Bathornis is a long legged, short-winged, large skulled bird, similar in shape to phorusrhacids.
|
|
Castle, P. H. J., 1968 (11 May) [ref. 7876] Description and osteology of a new eel of the genus Bathymyrus from off Mozambique. Special Publication, Department of Ichthyology, Rhodes University No. 4: 1–12. It is a marine, deep water-dwelling eel which also inhabits brackish waters, and is known from the Limpopo River and the Indian Ocean.
|
|
Osteology can determine an individual's race. It is typically grouped into three historical groups: Caucasoid, Mongoloid, and Negroid. But this classification systejm is becoming hard to use with each new generation of people. With this bone is the frame of life and the frame of the "big four of forensic anthropology" (sex, age, race, and stature) can be determined.
|
|
The Chinese pangolin has a prehensile tail Chinese pangolin skeleton on display at the Museum of Osteology The Chinese pangolin has the appearance of a scaly anteater. Its head and body measure about and its tail measures about . A mature Chinese pangolin weighs from . It has 18 rows of overlapping scales accompanied by hair, a rare combination in mammals.
|
|
In 2004, Skulls Unlimited Inc. started construction on a new building that now houses Skulls Unlimited Inc.'s corporate offices and The Museum of Osteology. The museum opened to the public on October 1, 2010 and exhibits over 300 real skeletons and over 400 real skulls, focusing on the form and function of the skeletal system.
|
|
In Butler et al., 2011, the postcranial osteology was described for the first time and a large phylogenetic analysis confirmed its position as a basal ornithopod which was found to be closely related to another Chinese ornithopod, Jeholosaurus and later to the newly described Chinese ornithopod Haya. Han et al. named this clade "Jeholosauridae" in 2012.
|
|
The oblique ridges cross the subscapular fossa from superomedial to inferiolateral (parallel to scapular spine). These ridges are formed by intramuscular tendons of the subscapularis muscle.Tim D. White, Michael T. Black, Pieter A. Folkens "Human Osteology, Third Edition" Academic Press pp.165-172 The costal or ventral surface of the scapula presents a broad concavity, the subscapular fossa.
|
|
The museum focuses on the form and function of the skeletal system with numerous educational and taxonomic displays featuring all five vertebrate classes. The collections housed by the Museum of Osteology are the result of over 40 years of collecting by Jay Villemarette. Currently, the collections consist of approximately 7,000 specimens representing over 2,500 species of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish.
|
|
Guizhouichthyosaurus ("Guizhou fish lizard") is an extinct genus of Ichthyosaur which existed during the lower Carnian stage of the Late Triassic in southwest China. The genus contains the single species Guizhouichthyosaurus tangae.Cranial Osteology of Guizhouichthyosaurus tangae (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) From the Upper Triassic of China (2006). By Michael W. Maisch, Xin-Ru Pan, Zuo-Yu Sun, Tao Cai, Da-Peng Zhang, Jia-Lin Xie.
|
|
Family Falconidae (hawks and eagles). Handbook of the birds of the world, 2: 52–214. A fossil species, Aquila nipaloides, has been found in Italy, Corsica, Sardinia and France and was hypothesized to most closely related to the steppe eagle based on osteology of the ramus (although did evidence some differences in leg morphology).Louchart, A., Bedetti, C., & Pavia, M. (2005).
|
|
He published, between 1753 and 1758, Historia naturalis Ranarum nostratium devoted to frogs. The quality of the work, in particular of its illustrations, make it one of the most beautiful devoted to these animals. He presented the life cycle of all the species of Germany, and their anatomy and their osteology. The second part of the work, appeared in 1758.
|
|
Described as a robust sauropod, it was initially described as being closely related to Ligabuesaurus and Phuwiangosaurus, and Mannion et al. (2013) more precisely recovered it as a member of Somphospondyli.P. D. Mannion, P. Upchurch, R. N. Barnes and O. Mateus. 2013. Osteology of the Late Jurassic Portuguese sauropod dinosaur Lusotitan atalaiensis (Macronaria) and the evolutionary history of basal titanosauriforms.
|
|
Osteology of the Middle Triassic stem- turtle Pappochelys rosinae and the early evolution of the turtle skeleton. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 16(11), 927-965. published the results of a reduced matrix using the previously mentioned matrix with the addition of four characters and Pappochelys rosinae (p. 956) but did not find Acerosodontosaurus or Claudiosaurus as the sister to turtles (Figure 20).
|
|
Fröbisch, N., Sander, P. and Rieppel, O. 2006: A new species of Cymbospondylus (Diapsida, Ichthyosauria) from the Middle Triassic of Nevada and a re-evaluation of the skull osteology of the genus. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 147:515-538. Sander, P. 1992: Cymbospondylus (Shastasauridae: Ichthyosauria) from the Middle Triassic of Spitsbergen: filling a paleobiogeographic gap. Journal of Paleontology 66:332-337.
|
|
Archaeobiology, the study of the biology of ancient times through archaeological materials, is a subspecialty of archaeology. It can be seen as a blanket term for paleobotany, animal osteology, zooarchaeology, microbiology, and many other sub-disciplines. Specifically, plant and animal remains are also called ecofacts. Sometimes these ecofacts can be left by humans and sometimes they can be naturally occurring.
|
|
Osteology of Deinonychus antirrhopus, an unusual theropod from the Lower Cretaceous of Montana. Peabody Museum Bulletin 30:1-165 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] A diagnosis is a statement of the anatomical features of an organism (or group) that collectively distinguish it from all other organisms. Some, but not all, of the features in a diagnosis are also autapomorphies.
|
|
One of the main tools forensic anthropologists use in the identification of remains is their knowledge of osteology and the differences that occur within the human skeleton. During an investigation, anthropologists are often tasked with helping to determinate an individual's sex, stature, age, and ancestry. To do this, anthropologists must be aware of how the human skeleton can differ between individuals.
|
|
Two babirusas fighting in Indonesia. North Sulawesi babirusa skeleton (Museum of Osteology) Babirusa are native to Sulawesi, some of the Togian Islands, the Sula Islands and Buru. In Sulawesi, they range from the northern peninsula to the south and south east provinces. Although babirusas are present on both Sulawesi and Sula, they are not found on the large islands between the two, the Banggai Archipelago.
|
|
It is a recognized as an institute of national importance by the Ministero per la Università e la Ricerca Scientifica. There are collections of entomology, malacology, osteology, ornithology, herpetology, ichthyology and mammalology.There are five million specimens in total( molluscs, insects, birds and mammals and fossils). The displays are modern, with over 1000 square metres of multi- sensorial or interactive stations exhibitions and three-dimensional reconstructions.
|
|
Furthermore, palaeo-osteology is simple the study of ancient bones. Bioarchaeology digs a bit deeper. The term 'bioarchaeology' is borrowed to cover all biological remains from sites in England and other European countries. Bioarchaeology was largely born from the practices of New Archaeology, which developed in the United States in the 1970s as a reaction to a mainly cultural-historical approach to understanding the past.
|
|
Sylviornithidae is an extinct family of flightless birds. Traditionally assumed to be within Galliformes, recent phylogenetic studies showcase that they rest outside of the galliform crown-group, making them the most recently lived non-galliform Pangalliformes.Worthy, T., Mitri, M., Handley, W., Lee, M., Anderson, A., Sand, C. 2016. Osteology supports a steam-galliform affinity for the giant extinct flightless birds Sylviornis neocaledoniae (Sylviornithidae, Galloanseres).
|
|
Skeleton at Museum of Osteology University Museum, Harvard Kinkajous spend most of their life in trees, to which they are particularly well adapted. Like raccoons, kinkajous' remarkable manipulatory abilities rival those of primates. The kinkajou has a short-haired, fully prehensile tail (like some New World monkeys), which it uses as a "fifth hand" in climbing. It does not use its tail for grasping food.
|
|
According to George W. Gill and other modern forensic anthropologists, physical traits of Caucasoid crania can be distinguished from those of the people from Mongoloid and Negroid racial groups based on the shapes of specific diagnostic anatomical features. They assert that they can identify a Caucasoid skull with an accuracy of up to 95%.Bass, William M. 1995. Human Osteology: A Laboratory and Field Manual.
|
|
Black rat skull Comparison of the physique of a black rat (Rattus rattus) with a brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) Black rat skeleton (Museum of Osteology) A typical adult black rat is long, not including a tail, and weighs , depending on the subspecies.Schwartz, Charles Walsh and Schwartz, Elizabeth Reeder (2001). The Wild Mammals of Missouri, University of Missouri Press, , p. 250.Engels, Donald W. (1999).
|
|
American crow skeleton (Museum of Osteology) The American crow is omnivorous. It will feed on invertebrates of all types, carrion, scraps of human food, seeds, eggs and nestlings, stranded fish on the shore and various grains. American crows are active hunters and will prey on mice, frogs, and other small animals. In winter and autumn, the diet of American crows is more dependent on nuts and acorns.
|
|
27189] A new genus and two new species of congrid eels (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Congridae) from the Indo-West Pacific, with a redescription and osteology of Chiloconger dentatus. Zootaxa No. 343: 1-19. It is a tropical, marine eel which is known from the Philippines (from which its species epithet is derived), in the western central Pacific Ocean. It dwells at a depth range of 186–230 metres.
|
|
A 2009 book about forensic anthropology said that the "leading handbook in human osteology" has kept on using the "traditional terms"' of "caucasoid, mongoloid, negroid", but "one of the most popular recent forensic anthropology textbooks" has changed to the "more current, politically correct terminology of Asian, white, black, Native American".Pickering, R. & Bachman, D. (2009). The Use of Forensic Anthropology (2nd ed.). USA: CRC Press.
|
|
The Biblioteca William Mulloy (Spanish for William Mulloy Library; in Rapa Nui, Hare Puka ko Wiliam Mulloy) is a research library administered by the Father Sebastian Englert Anthropological Museum on Rapa Nui (Easter Island) in Chilean Polynesia. Named for the late Dr. William Mulloy, an American archaeologist, the library’s collection focuses on Rapa Nui and Polynesian Studies, especially the prehistory, history, ethnology, archaeology, cultural anthropology, osteology and geology of Easter Island.
|
|
Osteology Gallery in the Museo Civico di Zoologia. The Museo Civico di Zoologia is a natural history museum in Rome, central Italy. It is situated next to the Bioparc (Zoo) and can be entered by the Zoo or through the entrance on via Ulisse Aldrovandi. Founded in 1932, it is said to continue the natural history tradition of the Gabinetto di Zoologia dell'Università Pontificia and the collections date from 1792.
|
|
The authors used their knowledge of German to stay in touch with the latest discoveries, which were often published in German during this period. Beaunis wrote the sections on osteology, articulations, myology, viscera, senses, the human body in general, and embryology. Bouchard wrote the sections on angiology and neurology. In 1870 and 1871, Beaunis underwent the Franco-Prussian War which led to the French side losing a part of Alsace-Lorraine.
|
|
Filippo Civinini (1805–1844) Filippo Civinini (20 September 1805 – 11 May 1844) was an Italian anatomist from Pistoia. He is remembered for contributions made in the field of osteology, in particular the cranium. He studied medicine in Pistoia and Pisa, where in 1825 he earned his degree. In 1834 he was appointed anatomical dissector, and two years later attained the chair of anatomy at the University of Pisa.
|
|
Afterward, he had the skeleton cleaned, dried and varnished. Mayo kept it in an iron kettle in his home office. His sons received their first lessons in osteology based on this skeleton. In the late 20th century, the identifiable remains of Maȟpiya Akan Nažiŋ and other Indians were returned by the Mayo Clinic to a Dakota tribe for reburial per the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act.
|
|
Skeleton at the Museum of Osteology Amur leopards are solitary, unless females have offspring. Records from camera-traps indicate that they are more active during the day than at night and during twilight, both in the summer and winter seasons. This activity pattern coincides with activity of prey species such as Siberian roe deer, sika deer and wild boar. They are extremely conservative in their choice of territory.
|
|
Gilmore, C.W., 1920, "Osteology of the carnivorous Dinosauria in the United States National Museum, with special reference to the genera Antrodemus (Allosaurus) and Ceratosaurus", Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 110: 1-154 These specimens are from the later Brushy Basin Member. Tanycolagreus is present in stratigraphic zone 2 of the Morrison. Remains possibly referrable to Stokesosaurus have been recovered from stratigraphic zone 5 of the Morrison Formation.
|
|
Benson also found that the inclusion of Echinerpeton in his analysis was causing large polytomies, or unresolved relationships, in the strict consensus tree. Mann and Patterson (2019) described new material of Echinerpeton, including substantial cranial remains, and recovered it as a member of Ophiacodontidae.Arjan Mann; Ryan S. Paterson (2019). "Cranial osteology and systematics of the enigmatic early 'sail-backed' synapsid Echinerpeton intermedium Reisz, 1972, and a review of the earliest 'pelycosaurs'".
|
|
Northern elephant seal skull on display at the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma The huge male northern elephant seal typically weighs and measures , although some males can weigh up to .Beer, Encyclopedia of North American Mammals: An Essential Guide to Mammals of North America. Thunder Bay Press (2004), . Females are much smaller and can range from in weight, or roughly a third of the male's bulk, and measure from .
|
|
Philosophical Transactions 1825, p. 181 Baron Cuvier acknowledged his assistance in the concluding volume of his work on fossil remains. Clift's knowledge of osteology is referred to by Sir Charles Lyell and his researches in anatomical science were referenced by Sir Benjamin Brodie. Clift's drawings were featured in A Series of Engravings … to illustrate the Morbid Anatomy of some of the most important parts of the Human Body, by Matthew Baillie.
|
|
Forensic anthropology is the application of the science of physical anthropology and human osteology in a legal setting, most often in criminal cases where the victim's remains are in the advanced stages of decomposition. A forensic anthropologist can assist in the identification of deceased individuals whose remains are decomposed, burned, mutilated or otherwise unrecognizable. The adjective "forensic" refers to the application of this subfield of science to a court of law.
|
|
Delbert Dwight Davis (in literature, usually just D. Dwight Davis), (30 December 1908 – 6 February 1965) was an American comparative anatomist and curator of zoology at the Chicago Natural History Museum. Davis was born in Rockford, Illinois and was educated at North Central College, Naperville. In 1930 he joined the Chicago Natural History Museum as an assistant in osteology under Wilfred Osgood. He became a curator of anatomy in 1941.
|
|
The ears are small and rounded, and the eyes are relatively small. The fur is short and coarse. A hog-nosed skunk skeleton on exhibit at the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma The American hog-nosed skunk has stocky legs and plantigrade feet (the entire sole of the foot touches the ground). Its hind feet are broad and large with soles that are naked for about one-half their length.
|
|
"Cranial Osteology of Hypsognathus fenneri, a Latest Triassic Procolophonid Reptile from the Newark Supergroup of Eastern North America" Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 20(2):275-284. Hypsognathus resembled a moderately sized lizard, with a length of , although it was unrelated to modern lizards. Because of its broad teeth, Hypsognathus is thought to have been a herbivore. Its body is low and broad and it has a relatively short tail.
|
|
Both breeds are easily identifiable by their phenotypic characteristics. There are no differences in weight, or pup at birth (7.5 to 8 kg) or the adult specimens, weighing about 70 kg in males and 65 kg in females. Alpaca skeleton (Museum of Osteology) Animals of the Huacaya breed have a rounded and bulky appearance. Huacaya fiber grows perpendicular to the body of the alpaca, and is bulky, smooth and dense.
|
|
Andean condor skeleton (Museum of Osteology) Coastal areas provide a constant food supply, and in particularly plentiful areas, some Andean condors limit their foraging area to several kilometers of beach-front land. They locate carrion by spotting it or by following other scavengers, such as corvids or other vultures. It may follow New World vultures of the genus Cathartes—the turkey vulture (C. aura), the lesser yellow-headed vulture (C.
|
|
In 1942, Feng began working at Peking Central Hospital (now Peking University People's Hospital). He established the Department of Osteology at the hospital and served as its director, and pioneered the research of bone cancer and soft tissue tumours in China. He later served as president of the hospital. From 1980 to 1985, he served as Vice President of Beijing Medical College (now Peking University Health Science Center).
|
|
Tiedemann was born at Cassel in Prussia (now central Germany), the eldest son of Dietrich Tiedemann (1748–1803), a philosopher and psychologist of considerable repute. Friedrich studied Medicine at Marburg, Bamberg and Würzburg Universities from 1798 and graduated in 1802. Undertaking practical experience he gained his doctorate (MD) from Marburg in 1804, but soon abandoned practice. From 1804 he became a Docent, lecturing in Physiology and Comparative Osteology at Marburg University.
|
|
Focusing on the form and function of the skeletal system, this museum displays hundreds of skulls and skeletons from all corners of the world. Exhibits include adaptation, locomotion, classification and diversity of the vertebrate kingdom. The Museum of Osteology is the only one of its kind in America. The National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum has galleries of western art and is home to the Hall of Great Western Performers.
|
|
From 1831 to 1840, d'Alton was a member of the Prussian Academy of Arts. One of his famous students in Bonn was Karl Marx.Karl Marx's Social and Political Thought, Volume 8 by Bob Jessop, Russell Wheatley Eduard d'Alton is largely remembered for his anatomical and zoological engravings and etchings. He collaborated with Christian Pander on Vergleichende Osteologie, which was a series of monographs in the field of comparative osteology.
|
|
Banded mongoose skeleton in the Museum of Osteology Few studies have found evidence of regular incest in mammals but banded mongooses are an exception. Inbreeding depression is largely caused by the homozygous expression of deleterious recessive alleles. Inbreeding depression appears to occur in banded mongooses as indicated by a decline in progeny body mass with increasing inbreeding coefficient. This finding suggests that avoiding breeding with close relatives would be beneficial.
|
|
Megapnosaurus kayentakatae, the basal sauropodomorph Sarahsaurus,heterodontosaurids, and the armored dinosaurs Scelidosaurus and Scutellosaurus. The Kayenta Formation has produced that remains of three coelophysoid taxa of different body size, which represents the most diverse ceratosaur fauna yet known.Tykoski, R. S., 1998, The Osteology of Syntarsus kayentakatae and its Implications for Ceratosaurid Phylogeny: Theses, The University of Texas, December 1998. The Kayenta Formation has yielded a small but growing assemblage of organisms.
|
|
The phylogenetic position of frogs currently included in the genus Pseudis in relation to other anurans was for a long time a matter of debate. They have been placed in Ranidae, Leptodactylidae,NOBLE, G. K. 1922. The phylogeny of Salientia. I. The osteology and thigh musculature; their bearing on classification and phylogeny. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 46:1-87. Hylidae,PARKER, H. W. 1935.
|
|
The bird's cranial osteology, myology, plumage, and bill morphology confirmed the distinctness of the species. The hookbill was a member of the Hawaiian honeycreeper subfamily Drepanididae and the tribe Psittirostrini, which it shared with seven historically recorded species and about ten species known only from fossils. It is believed that the Lānai hookbill was most closely related to the ōū . No fossil specimens of the Lānai hookbill have been found.
|
|
Systematics of the Anteosauria (Therapsida: Dinocephalia). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 9, 261–304.Tsuihiji, T., Watabe, M., Tsogtbaatar, K., Tsubamoto, T., Barsbold, R., Suzuki, S., Lee, A. H., Ridgely, R. C., Kawahara, Y. &Witmer;, L. M. 2011. Cranial osteology of a juvenile specimen of Tarbosaurus bataar (Theropoda, Tyrannosauridae) from the Nemegt Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Bugin Tsav, In their cladistic analysis of Bannykus and Xiyunykus, Xu et al.
|
|
Human femurs and humerus from Roman period, with evidence of healed fractures The study of bones and teeth is referred to as osteology. It is frequently used in anthropology, archeology and forensic science for a variety of tasks. This can include determining the nutritional, health, age or injury status of the individual the bones were taken from. Preparing fleshed bones for these types of studies can involve the process of maceration.
|
|
The estimation of age in bioarchaeology and osteology actually refers to an approximation of skeletal or biological age- at-death. The primary assumption in age estimation is that an individual's skeletal age is closely associated with their chronological age. Age estimation can be based on patterns of growth and development or degenerative changes in the skeleton. Many methods tracking these types of changes have been developed using a variety of skeletal series.
|
|
He was the author of works in the fields of neurology, ophthalmology and psychiatry, but is largely remembered for contributions made in osteology, particularly in his research of bone disorders. He described a type of mesomelic dwarfism combined with deformed forearms, which was to become known as Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis. With Pierre Marie, the "Marie-Léri syndrome" is named, which is a hand disorder caused by osteolysis of the articular surfaces of the fingers.
|
|
The Early Permian reptile Acleistorhinus pteroticus and its phylogenetic position. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16(3):384-395Säilä, L. K. (2008). The osteology and affinities of Anomoiodon liliensterni, a procolophonid reptile from the Lower Triassic Buntsandstein of Germany. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(4):1199-1205 The well preserved, nearly complete specimens of Owenetta can be helpful in phylogenetic analyses of procolophonians and the parareptiles, which have recently undergone many great revisions.
|
|
Gill has researched human osteology on the Polynesian island and Chilean territory of Easter Island, and in 1981 led the National Geographic Society's Easter Island Anthropological Expedition. Materials that he has gathered form part of the osteological collection of Chile's national museum. He is collaborating with former students on a book about the island, which will aim to "explain the origins of the people and the decline of their ancient advanced culture".
|
|
4, December 1981, p. 384-409. At fourteen, she began to copy paintings at the Louvre. Among her favorite painters were Nicholas Poussin and Peter Paul Rubens, but she also copied the paintings of Paulus Potter, Frans Pourbus the Younger, Louis Léopold Robert, Salvatore Rosa and Karel Dujardin. She studied animal anatomy and osteology in the abattoirs of Paris and dissected animals at the École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, the National Veterinary Institute in Paris.
|
|
This would form the basis of his later textbook on osteology. Before he left London he sent home to his father some of his anatomical specimens. His father showed these to members of the Royal College of Physicians and the Incorporation of Surgeons. They were so impressed with the quality of these dissections that Adam Drummond, on seeing them, indicated that would resign his share of the professorship of anatomy in favour of Monro.
|
|
Bd. 2, Nr. 1, 2003. Benson considered it a member of Coelophysoidea in his review of Magnosaurus.Roger B. J. Benson: The osteology of Magnosaurus nethercombensis (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) of the United Kingdom and a re-examination of the oldest records of tetanurans. In: Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. Bd. 8, Nr. 1, 2010, S. 131–146Oliver W. M. Rauhut: The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs (= Special Papers in Palaeontology.
|
|
Philantomba monticola) skeleton on display at the Museum of Osteology. No antelope species is native to Australasia or Antarctica, nor do any extant species occur in the Americas, though the nominate saiga subspecies occurred in North America during the Pleistocene. North America is currently home to the native pronghorn, which taxonomists do not consider a member of the antelope group, but which is often locally referred to as such (e.g., "American antelope").
|
|
Somatology can be used to learn more about a specific individual after death, and also to learn more about collective cultures and the history of humans and their close relatives. Somatologists can study topics such as human osteology, human evolution, and primate morphology as part of their work, and they can be found in the field and in the lab. Some practitioners of alternative medicine may also refer to what they do as somatology.
|
|
Wilton Marion Krogman (June 28, 1903 – November 4, 1987) was an American anthropologist. He was a leader in the development of the field of physical anthropology, with an early and lasting interest in dental anthropology. Over his long career he also contributed to osteology, racial studies, genetics, medical anthropology, paleoanthropology, constitutional anthropology, and human engineering. His main interests and his most important contributions were in the areas of child growth and development and forensic anthropology.
|
|
Douglass's early education was in the Medford public schools and the Pillsbury Academy in Owatonna, Minnesota, where he studied geology, paleontology, osteology, and mammalian anatomy. Later at the Shaw School of Botany at Washington University, he studied systematic botany and plant histology. Douglass received his master's of Science at the University of Montana in 1899. The following year at Princeton University he held a fellowship in biology, and he was granted a fellowship in geology.
|
|
Skeleton of a black-browed albatross (Museum of Osteology) Increased longline fishing in the southern oceans, especially around the Patagonian Shelf and around South Georgia has been attributed as a major cause of the decline of this bird,Prince, P. A.; et al. (1998)Schiavini, A.; et al. (1998)Stagi, A.; et al. (1998)Tuck, G. & Polacheck, T. (1997) The black-browed albatross has been found to be the most common bird killed by fisheries.
|
|
Gilmore, Charles W. (1920). Osteology of the Carnivorous Dinosauria in the United States National Museum: With Special Reference to the Genera Antrodemus (Allosaurus) and Ceratosaurus. United States National Museum Bulletin Volume 110. All distal phalanges were capped with large claws, those on the hand were especially long and were curved to facilitate raking and grasping of prey items Phalangeal formulae of the hand and foot are 4-3-4 and 2-3-4-5 respectively.
|
|
S.P. Welles, 1984, "Dilophosaurus wetherilli (Dinosauria, Theropoda): osteology and comparisons", Palaeontographica Abteilung A 185: 85-180 The new species name became Liliensternus liliensterni. Rowe (1989) found that Liliensternus is more derived than Dilophosaurus. A second species named in 1993 by Cuny and Galton for fragmentary remains found in France, Liliensternus airelensis, which had an extra pair of cervical pleurocoels, was in 2007 reassigned to a separate genus, Lophostropheus.Ezcurra, M.D, and Cuny, G. (2007).
|
|
This is longer than the longest Sauroposeidon cervical rib, which measures ."Osteology, paleobiology, and relationships of the sauropod dinosaur Sauroposeidon", by Mathew J. Wedel, Richard L. Cifelli, and R. Kent Sanders (Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 45, pages 343-388, 2000). Additional remains attributed to this species, but not yet formally described, belong to one of the largest dinosaurs known—the restored skeleton measuring in length. It is named in reference to the China-Canada Dinosaur Project.
|
|
Aardwolf, smallest member of the Hyena family, skeleton. (Museum of Osteology) Hyenas or hyaenas (from Ancient Greek , ὕαινα, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus. Etymologically, this is a feminine of ὕς "swine".) are feliform carnivoran mammals of the family Hyaenidae . With only four extant species (in three genera), it is the fifth-smallest biological family in the Carnivora, and one of the smallest in the class Mammalia.
|
|
Willey and Emerson's article entitled "The Osteology and Archaeology of the Crow Creek Massacre" describes the presence of animal bones, specifically canine, within the fortification ditch. They said that it is likely the canines were eaten by the villagers, and their remains were accidentally included in the burial when other parties collected the villagers' remains.(Willey and Emerson 1993). It appears that even domesticated animals such as dogs were used as food sources during this time of famine.
|
|
Alaskan hare skeleton on display at the Museum of Osteology. The Alaskan hare (Lepus othus), also known as the tundra hare, is a species of mammal in the family Leporidae. They do not dig burrows and are found in the open tundra of western Alaska and the Alaska Peninsula in the United States. They are solitary for most of the year except during mating season, when they produce a single litter of up to eight young.
|
|
Osteometric points (bone measuring points) are an agreed upon set of locations on the skeleton, or more commonly the skull, that aid in the study of osteology. These points were developed to help researchers make comparative measurements between specimens, and report finding in a unified and unambiguous manner. These points are often placed at key landmarks or bone sutures (e.g. Bregma- where the coronal and sagittal sutures intersect) to simplify the process of properly identifying them.
|
|
Yamada, K., Nishida-Umehara, C., & Matsuda, Y. (2004). A new family of satellite DNA sequences as a major component of centromeric heterochromatin in owls (Strigiformes). Chromosoma, 112(6), 277–287. However, a fairly recent shared origin in evolutionary history has been illustrated through a combination of genetic study and fossil review and there is little, other than osteology of the tarsometatarsus, to outright distinguish the snowy owl from other modern species like the Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo).
|
|
Skeleton of bearded dragon (pogona sp.) on display at the Museum of Osteology. Some lizards, particularly iguanas, have retained a photosensory organ on the top of their heads called the parietal eye, a basal ("primitive") feature also present in the tuatara. This "eye" has only a rudimentary retina and lens and cannot form images, but is sensitive to changes in light and dark and can detect movement. This helps them detect predators stalking it from above.
|
|
Front foot Baird's tapir skull on display at the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Baird's tapir has a distinctive cream-colored marking on its face, throat, and tips of its ears with a dark spot on each cheek, behind and below the eye. The rest of its hair is dark brown or grayish brown. This tapir is the largest of the four American species and the largest native land mammal in both Central and South America.
|
|
The right humerus, with the arrow indicating the deltopectoral crest Apart from the neck length, the known osteology of Miragaia resembles that of other stegosaurids, differing in small details. The tip of the beak was toothless, as in Stegosaurus. The upper beak, formed by the praemaxilla, was pendant. The notch in the snout tip was, seen from above, shaped like a W, whereas in Stegosaurus the notch is U-shaped, with a little bulbous projection in the middle.
|
|
Hellenic Journal of Geosciences (formerly Annales Géologiques de Pays Helleniques) 41 (1), 119-125. link PDF but also long and simplified antlers; these species occupied a niche close to that of the wild goat of Crete today: barren rocks with thorny bushes, as shown by features of their osteology and goat-like body proportions. It deviated so much from mainland deer that it is impossible to indicate with certainty its ancestor. Suggested ancestors are Pseudodama peloponnesiacus and Praemegaceros verticornis.
|
|
Born in Paris, he was a nephew and pupil of Sophie Frémiet, and later he became a pupil of her husband François Rude.Emmanuel Frémiet in the RKD He chiefly devoted himself to animal sculpture. His earliest work was in scientific lithography (osteology), and for a while he served in times of adversity in the gruesome office of painter to the morgue. In 1843 he sent to the Salon a study of a Gazelle, and after that date worked prolifically.
|
|
Koff, who is mixed-race and Jewish, was born in 1972 to a Tanzanian mother, Msindo Mwinyipembe, and an American father, David Koff, both documentary filmmakers focused on human rights issues. Her parents took her and her older brother, Kimera, with them around the world. She spent her childhood in England, Kenya, Tanzania, Somalia, and the United States. By the time she was a teenager she had decided to study human osteology, which she did first in California.
|
|
African penguin skeleton (Museum of Osteology) Scientists believe that the genus Spheniscus originated in South America, even though the oldest fossils assigned to the taxon are from Antarctica. The oldest Spheniscus fossils are also the oldest penguin fossils from Antarctica. African, Humboldt, and Magellanic penguins all live in temperate climates. The African penguin lives in South Africa, the Humboldt penguin lives in coastal Peru and Chile while the Magellanic penguin lives in coastal Chile, Argentina, and the Falkland Islands.
|
|
It is often a year-round resident where water remains open in winter. The number of birds that stay year-round near the northern limit of the species' range seems to be increasing. American coot skeleton (Museum of Osteology) Autumn migration occurs from August to December, with males and non-breeders moving south before the females and juveniles. Spring migration to breeding ranges occurs from late February to mid-May, with males and older birds moving North first.
|
|
Yates, A.M., 2006 (for 2005). "A new theropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of South Africa and its implications for the early evolution of theropods." Palaeontologia Africana, 41: 105-122. But later studies found Zupaysaurus to be a sister taxon sister to a clade containing dilophosaurids, ceratosaurs and tetanurans.Smith N.D., Makovicky P. J., Hammer W. R. & Currie P. J. 2007 Osteology of Cryolophosaurus ellioti (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of Antarctica and implications for early theropod evolution. Zool.
|
|
Forensic Anthropology Lab at the National Museum of National History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., USAIndividuals looking to become forensic anthropologists first obtain a bachelor's degree in anthropology from an accredited university. During their studies they should focus on physical anthropology as well as osteology. In addition it is recommended that individuals take courses in a wide range of sciences such as biology, chemistry, anatomy, and genetics. Once undergraduate education is completed the individual should proceed to graduate level courses.
|
|
Slikas et al. (2002) Indeed, some argue that measuring the evolution of flightlessness in rails in generations rather than millennia might be possible. Another factor that contributes to the occurrence of the flightless state is a climate that does not necessitate seasonal long-distance migration; this is evidenced by the tendency to evolve flightlessness at a much greater occurrence in tropical islands than in temperate or polar islands.McNab 2002 American coot (Fulica americana) skeleton on display at the Museum of Osteology.
|
|
78–83 both from the Thuringian Chirotherium Sandstone, and the Temnospondyle Mastodonsaurus ingens (possibly identical with the mastodonsaurus, Heptasaurus cappelensis) from the Upper Bunter at Gambach.Rainer R. Schoch: Comparative osteology of Mastodonsaurus giganteus (Jaeger, 1828) from the Middle Triassic (Lettenkeuper: Longobardian) of Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Thüringen). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Series B. No. 278, 1999, pp. 21 and 27 (PDF 3,6 MB)Emily J. Rayfield, Paul M. Barrett, Andrew R. Milner: Utility and Validity of Middle and Late Triassic 'Land Vertebrate Faunachrons'.
|
|
North American beaver skeleton (Museum of Osteology) This beaver is the largest rodent in North America and competes with its Eurasian counterpart, the European beaver, for being the second-largest in the world, both following the South American capybara. The European species is slightly larger on average but the American has a larger known maximum size. Adults usually weigh from , with being typical. In New York, the average weight of adult male beavers was , while non-native females in Finland averaged .
|
|
Fanny Rysan Mulford Hitchcock (November 7, 1851 - 1936) was one of only 13 women to receive their doctorates in chemistry in the 1800s, and the first woman to receive a doctorate in Philosophy of Chemistry from the University of Pennsylvania. She made contributions to entomology, fish osteology, and plant pathology. She began her studies at Columbia University publishing several papers, and then transferred to the University of Pennsylvania. She worked at many colleges including University of Berlin and University of Pennsylvania.
|
|
Megavitiornis altirostris is an extinct, flightless, giant stem-galliform bird that was endemic to Fiji, it is the only known species in the genus Megavitornis. Originally thought to be a megapode, more recent morphological studies indicate a close relationship with Sylviornis of New Caledonia, in a clade outside of the Galliformes crown group.Worthy, T., Mitri, M., Handley, W., Lee, M., Anderson, A., Sand, C. 2016. Osteology supports a steam-galliform affinity for the giant extinct flightless birds Sylviornis neocaledoniae (Sylviornithidae, Galloanseres).
|
|
Restoration of D. hallorum in environment Due to a wealth of skeletal remains, Diplodocus is one of the best-studied dinosaurs. Many aspects of its lifestyle have been subjects of various theories over the years. Comparisons between the scleral rings of diplodocines and modern birds and reptiles suggest that they may have been cathemeral, active throughout the day at short intervals. Marsh and then HatcherHatcher JB. "Diplodocus (Marsh): Its osteology, taxonomy, and probable habits, with a restoration of the skeleton".
|
|
Two species were discovered and identified by ichthyologists Maurice Kottelat from Switzerland and Tan Heok Hui from the Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research and the National University of Singapore in 1996. Their osteology was studied by Ralf Britz at London's Natural History Museum. In 1994, the same ichthyologists had already discovered in Sarawak (Malaysian part of Borneo) another miniature species of the same genus Paedocypris. Like P. progenetica, P. micromegethes was found in the slow-flowing blackwater streams and peat swamps.
|
|
Comparison of bush (left) and forest (right) elephant skulls in frontal view. Note the shorter and wider head of L. cyclotis, with a concave instead of convex forehead. A female African bush elephant skeleton on display at the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City The first scientific description of the African elephant was written by Johann Friedrich Blumenbach in 1797 who proposed the scientific name Elephas africanus. Loxodonte was proposed as generic name for the African elephant by Georges Cuvier in 1824.
|
|
Vera Isaakovna Gromova (, March 8, 1891 – January 21, 1973) was a Soviet paleontologist known for her studies of fossil ungulates (hoofed mammals). She worked at the Russian Academy of Sciences, where from 1919 to 1942 she was head of osteology, Zoological Museum, and from 1942 to 1960 at the Paleontological Institute , where she was head of mammal laboratory from 1946 onward. Her works include The history of horse (genus Equus) in the Old World (1949) and Fundamentals of Paleontology: Mammals (1968).
|
|
Male superb lyrebird (Menura novaehollandiae): This very primitive songbird shows strong sexual dimorphism, with a peculiarly apomorphic display of plumage in males. Perching bird osteology, especially of the limb bones, is rather diagnostic. However, the early fossil record is poor because the first Passeriformes were apparently on the small side of the present size range, and their delicate bones did not preserve well. Queensland Museum specimens F20688 (carpometacarpus) and F24685 (tibiotarsus) from Murgon, Queensland, are fossil bone fragments initially assigned to Passeriformes.
|
|
Skeletons and Bones, by Crisóstomo Martinez, Biblioteca Nacional de España Crisóstomo Martinez (1638–1694) was a Valencian painter and engraver known for his atlas of anatomy. His work has been ascribed to the Spanish intellectual movement called "Novator" which refers to the timid beginnings of a scientific revolution in the Kingdom of Spain in the late seventeenth century. The most innovative aspect of his work was an interest in embryology and microscopy, which he applied to the study of "fresh" osteology.
|
|
Tsar Ivan the Terrible of Russia. Reconstruction by M. Gerasimov, Soviet archaeologist and anthropologist who developed the first technique of forensic sculpture. 1965 Forensic facial reconstruction (or forensic facial approximation) is the process of recreating the face of an individual (whose identity is often not known) from their skeletal remains through an amalgamation of artistry, anthropology, osteology, and anatomy. It is easily the most subjective—as well as one of the most controversial—techniques in the field of forensic anthropology.
|
|
The eyes are also surrounded by a star-shaped arrangement of fleshy, filamentous "eyelashes". Skeleton of an alligator snapping turtle on display at the Museum of Osteology. Though not verified, a alligator snapping turtle was found in Kansas in 1937, but the largest verifiable one is debatable. One weighed at the Shedd Aquarium in Chicago was a 16-year resident giant alligator snapper weighing , sent to the Tennessee Aquarium as part of a breeding loan in 1999, where it subsequently died.
|
|
John Richard Paxton was born in 1938 and grew up in Los Angeles, California. He completed his undergraduate and postgraduate studies at the University of Southern California, beginning with a BA in Zoology (1960) and an MSc in Biology (1965). His master's research investigated the ecology and vertical distribution of lanternfishes (family Myctophidae) in a deep-sea basin off southern California. Paxton completed his PhD under supervisor Jay Savage, on the osteology and evolutionary history of lanternfishes, and graduated in 1968.
|
|
Uruguaysuchus is an extinct genus of crocodylomorphs from the Late Cretaceous Guichón Formation of Uruguay.A Pictorial Guide to Fossils by Gerard Ramon CaseThe Osteology of the Reptiles by Alfred Sherwood RomerDinosaur Eggs and Babies by Kenneth Carpenter, Karl F. Hirsch, and John R. Horner It was related to Simosuchus and Malawisuchus. It was of small to moderate size reaching an estimated length of .Li, Jinling (1985), A revision of Edentosuchus tienshanensis young from the Tugulu Group of Xinjiang Autonomous Region.
|
|
Barred owl skeleton (Museum of Osteology) The barred owl is one of the most common owls in North America. Partners in Flight estimates that the barred owl may number up to 3 million individuals globally, making it the perhaps the second most numerous North American owl behind the great horned owl and perhaps slightly ahead of other commoner species like barn owls and northern saw-whet owls. It estimated that Canada in total holds about 10,000-50,000 pairs.Kirk, D. A., & Hyslop, C. (1998).
|
|
Mustela nigripes) with a prairie dog skeleton, articulated to show the predator-prey relationship between them. (Museum of Osteology) As a result, prairie dog habitat has been affected by direct removal by farmers, as well as the more obvious encroachment of urban development, which has greatly reduced their populations. The removal of prairie dogs "causes undesirable spread of brush", the costs of which to livestock range may outweigh the benefits of removal. Black-tailed prairie dogs comprise the largest remaining community.
|
|
The body was slender and narrow, and the head and neck were small. The internal anatomy of the passenger pigeon has rarely been described. Robert W. Shufeldt found little to differentiate the bird's osteology from that of other pigeons when examining a male skeleton in 1914, but Julian P. Hume noted several distinct features in a more detailed 2015 description. The pigeon had particularly large breast muscles that indicate powerful flight (musculus pectoralis major for downstroke and the smaller musculus supracoracoideus for upstroke).
|
|
Saiga antelope skull and taxidermy mount on display at the Museum of Osteology Fossils of saiga, concentrated mainly in central and northern Eurasia, date to as early as the late Pleistocene (nearly 0.1 Mya). An extinct species of Saiga, S. borealis, has been identified from the Pleistocene of northern Eurasia. Fossils excavated from the Buran Kaya III site (Crimea) date back to the transition from Pleistocene to Holocene. The morphology of saiga does not seem to have changed significantly since prehistoric times.
|
|
Zooarchaeology: comparing an archaeological bone to a modern bone in a comparative collection The study of animal remains in archaeology teaches how humans and animals interacted with one another in prehistoric times. This gives an insight on how humans began domesticating animals. In zooarchaeology, studies will show the animal and human husbandry, as well as the process of cultures adding animals into their diets. Studying animals in archaeology requires the help from different fields such as zoology, anthropology, paleontology, osteology, and anatomy.
|
|
W. H. Freeman & Company, New York. The ascending process of the astragalus is reduced, a character entirely incongruous with a highly derived status for Protoavis. Curiously, such abbreviation of the ascending process is found in ceratosaurs, and in its general osteology, the Protoavis tarsus and pes, is quite similar to those of non-tetanuran theropods. Chatterjee's restoration of the hallux as reversed is nothing more than speculation, as the original spatial relationships of the pedal elements are impossible to ascertain at this time.
|
|
In the Lufeng Formation, Sinosaurus shared its paleoenvironment with therapsids like Morganucodon, Oligokyphus, and Bienotherium; archosaurs like Pachysuchus; diapsids like Strigosuchus; crocodylomorphs like Platyognathus and Microchampsa; the early mammal Hadrocodium; and other early reptiles. Contemporary dinosaurs include indeterminate sauropods; the early thyreophorans Bienosaurus lufengensis and Tatisaurus oehleri; the supposed chimeric ornithopod "Dianchungosaurus lufengensis"; the prosauropods Gyposaurus sinensis, Lufengosaurus huenei, L. magnus, Jingshanosaurus xinwaiensis,Y. Zhang, and Z. Yang. (1995). A new complete osteology of Prosauropoda in Lufeng Basin, Yunnan, China.
|
|
"Remarks on Prof. Owen's Monograph on Dimorphodon", Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 6:129 This hypothesis was revived by Kevin Padian in 1983.Padian, K. (1983). "Osteology and functional morphology of Dimorphodon macronyx (Buckland) (Pterosauria: Rhamphorhynchoidea) based on new material in the Yale Peabody Museum", Postilla, 189: 1-44 However, fossilised track remains of other pterosaurs (ichnites) show a quadrupedal gait while on the ground and these traces are all attributed to derived pterosaurs with a short fifth toe.
|
|
Also in 1923, she was named a research assistant in charge of the collections at the Hunterian Museum; she served as a curator of human osteology for the museum from 1932 to 1934. In 1939, Tildesley was named a fellow of the Royal Anthropological Institute (RAI). She served on the council for the RAI for a number of years and was vice-president from 1952 to 1955. She also served as chair of the Comité de Standardisation de la Technique Anthropologique.
|
|
A very similar number of lemmings (nearly 100%) were found over 25 years of study in Barrow, amongst 42,177 cumulative prey items. Of 76 lemmings that could be identified to sex at a cache, male lemmings were found in the cache twice as often as female lemmings. While initial findings indicated on Wrangel Island that female lemmings outnumbered males in prey remains, to the contrary osteology indicated that, like Barrow, males were more often taken. However, the slightly larger, slower-moving females may be preferred when available.
|
|
Gloria Hollister Anable (June 11, 1900 – February 19, 1988) was an American explorer, scientist, and conservationist. She served as research associate in the Department of Tropical Research of the New York Zoological Society (now the Wildlife Conservation Society), specializing in fish osteology, and she made record-setting dives in a submersible called the Bathysphere off the coast of Bermuda in the 1930s. During the 1950s, she helped to found the committee that preserved that Mianus River Gorge, which subsequently became the Nature Conservancy’s first land project.
|
|
It was suggested that the feathers had belonged to a bird and were with the leg still present in the stomach. The digested food would, using the preserved digestive tract of Scipionyx as a reference, have been positioned in the duodenum. The C-shaped abdominal contents of this specimen appear to reflect of the original contour of the digestive tract.Dal Sasso C, Maganuco S (2011) Scipionyx samniticus (Theropoda: Compsognathidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Italy; osteology, ontogenetic assessment, phylogeny, soft tissue anatomy taphonomy and palaeobiology.
|
|
Illustration of limbs of aquatic reptiles: the mosasaurs Platecarpus and Clidastes, and the ichthyosaurs Ophthalmosaurus and Platypterygius. From The Osteology of the Reptiles (1925) Cetaceans are the sole mammals to have evolved hyperphalangy . Though the flippers of modern cetaceans are not correctly described as webbed feet, the intermediate webbed limbs of ancient semiaquatic cetaceans may be described as such. The presence of interdigital webbing within the fossils of semi-aquatic Eocene cetaceans was probably the result of BMP antagonists counteracting interdigital apoptosis during embryonic limb development.
|
|
Direct fossil evidence and anatomical adaptations indicate that spinosaurids were at least partly piscivorous (fish-eating), with additional fossil finds indicating they also fed on other dinosaurs and pterosaurs. The osteology of spinosaurid teeth and bones has suggested a semiaquatic lifestyle for some members of this clade. This is further indicated by various anatomical adaptations, such as retracted eyes and nostrils; and the deepening of the tail in some taxa, which has been suggested to have aided in underwater propulsion akin to that of modern crocodilians.
|
|
Skeleton of Alaskan Hare (Museum of Osteology) Like other herbivores, lagomorphs have to deal with a bulky diet in which the cell walls are composed of cellulose, a substance which mammalian digestive enzymes are unable to break down. Despite this, lagomorphs have developed a way of extracting maximum nourishment from their diet. First they bite off and shred plant tissues with their incisors and then they grind the material with their molars. Digestion continues in the stomach and small intestine where nutrients are absorbed.
|
|
Unlike the gharial, the false gharial's snout broadens considerably towards the base and so is more similar to those of true crocodiles than the gharial, whose osteology indicates a distinct lineage from all other living crocodilians. However, preliminary nuclear genetic sequences may indicate the gharial and false gharial had a shared ancestor at some point in prehistory.Willis, R. E., McAliley, L. R., Neeley, E. D., & Densmore, L. D. (2007). Evidence for placing the false gharial (Tomistoma schlegelii) into the family Gavialidae: inferences from nuclear gene sequences.
|
|
Geoffroy's spider monkey Spider monkey skeleton on display at The Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Spider monkeys are among the largest New World monkeys; black-headed spider monkeys, the largest spider monkey, have an average weight of for males and for females. Disproportionately long, spindly limbs inspired the spider monkey's common name. Their deftly prehensile tails, which may be up to long, have very flexible, hairless tips and skin grooves similar to fingerprints. This adaptation to their strictly arboreal lifestyle serves as a fifth hand.
|
|
Bones of a related form have been found on Mangaia in the Cook Islands. It is not likely that they will be studied anytime soon: a scientific description would require either successful extraction and analysis of DNA from both the bones and the Leiden specimen (which would risk being damaged during extraction of the tissue sample), or the collection of a sufficient amount of material from Tahiti or Moorea to determine the Mangaia bird's affiliation by analysis of the osteology. Both possibilities seem very remote.
|
|
Three banded armadillo skeleton rolled in a ball. (Museum of Osteology) The southern three-banded armadillo (Tolypeutes matacus), also called the Bolivian three-banded armadillo, is an armadillo species from South America. It is found in parts of northern Argentina, southwestern Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia, at elevations from sea level to . The southern three-banded armadillo and the other member of the genus Tolypeutes, the Brazilian three-banded armadillo, are the only species of armadillos capable of rolling into a complete ball to defend themselves (volvation).
|
|
Detail of head – taken at the Cincinnati Zoo Skeleton of an aardwolf displayed at Museum of Osteology. The aardwolf resembles a very thin striped hyena, but with a more slender muzzle, black vertical stripes on a coat of yellowish fur, and a long, distinct mane down the midline of the neck and back. It also has one or two diagonal stripes down the fore- and hind- quarters, along with several stripes on its legs. The mane is raised during confrontations to make the aardwolf appear larger.
|
|
Pterodromoides minoricensis is an extinct fulmarine petrel dating from the Late Miocene. Its fossil remains were found at the Punta Nati palaeontological site on the island of Menorca in the Balearic archipelago of the western Mediterranean. It was described in 2001, with the authors justifying the creation of a new genus by the large orbitonasal opening and characters of the postcranial skeleton, despite the similarity of the cranial osteology to that of Pagodroma. The generic name derives from its resemblance to Pterodroma in shape and proportions.
|
|
Hatcher's monograph on the find was published in 1901 as Diplodocus Marsh: Its Osteology, Taxonomy, and Probable Habits, with a Restoration of the Skeleton. After succeeding Marsh as the paleontologist for the United States Geological Survey, Osborn asked Hatcher to complete a monograph on Ceratopsia begun by Marsh, who had died a few years earlier. Hatcher agreed but died before the publication was complete; the work was finally completed by Richard Swann Lull in 1907 and included an illustration by famed paleoartist Charles R. Knight.
|
|
Skeleton of 9-banded on display at the Museum of Osteology. The nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), or the nine-banded, long-nosed armadillo, is a medium-sized mammal found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos. Its ancestors originated in South America, and remained there until the formation of the Isthmus of Panama allowed them to enter North America as part of the Great American Interchange. The nine-banded armadillo is a solitary, mainly nocturnalArmadillo Observation. Msu.edu.
|
|
The Science Museum Oklahoma (formerly Kirkpatrick Science and Air Space Museum at Omniplex) houses exhibits on science, aviation, and an IMAX theater. The museum formerly housed the International Photography Hall of Fame (IPHF) that exhibits photographs and artifacts from a large collection of cameras and other artifacts preserving the history of photography. IPHF honors those who have made significant contributions to the art and/or science of photography and relocated to St. Louis, Missouri in 2013. The Museum of Osteology houses more than 300 real animal skeletons.
|
|
The taxon was reassigned to the newly named genus Plagiosuchus in 1922 by von Huene, who described new material that permitted him to differentiate it from Plagiosternum granulosum; this was also when the specific epithet was grammatically modified. Additional material was referenced and briefly figured by Hellrung (2003) and Werneburg and Witter (2005), but most of the osteology comes from the description of a complete skull, figured by Hellrung, by Damiani et al. (2009). Histology of the osteoderms and the limbs has also been analyzed.
|
|
Other indeterminate ornithopod specimens from Argentina similarly indicate animals of similar size to the taxon. M. gondwanicus received a complete osteology in 2020, a study published in Cretaceous Research by Sebastián Rozadilla, Penélope Cruzado-Caballero, Jorge O. Calvo. This described the anatomy of the species in much more thoroughly and investigating its classification and biomechanics under a more modern lens. They considered the genus to be of importance, due to being the largest known elasmarian species, and for the completeness of its known remains, informing on the anatomy of the group.
|
|
The second human decomposition facility to open in the United States is located at Western Carolina University in Cullowhee, North Carolina and is part of the Western Carolina Human Identification Laboratory. The facility is known as the Forensic Osteology Research Station or more commonly as the FOREST. It was opened in 2006 and is run by WCU's Forensic Anthropology program on a small plot on the rural mountain campus. The facility studies decomposition in the western North Carolina mountain habitat and has been used for cadaver dog training.
|
|
Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie B. No. 230, 1995, online There the deposits are somewhat younger (Upper Bunter Sandstone), and the corresponding stratigraphic interval is called the Franconian Chirotherium Beds (Fränkische Chirotherienschichten). Among the less significant body fossil records of vertebrates are the procolophonid Anomoiodon liliensterni from Reurieth in the Thuringian part of FranconiaLaura K. Säilä: The Osteology and Affinities of Anomoiodon liliensterni, a Procolophonid Reptile from the Lower Triassic Buntsandstein of Germany. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Vol. 28, No. 4, 2008, pp. 1199–1205, doi:10.1671/0272-4634-28.4.
|
|
The following year, Gill suggested that he consider signing up for a couple of graduate-level classes focusing on human evolution and osteology. At the end of the semester, he recorded the highest scores in both classes, ahead of the current graduate students. Excited with what he was discovering in these two classes, Owsley began considering a career in anthropology.Benedict 2003, pages 6–8 During Owsley's senior year, one of his classmates found what appeared to be a human skull, while exploring the Absaroka Range, near Meeteetse, Wyoming.
|
|
He served as a medical expert for legal purposes and was a member of the Paris Society of Legal Medicine. He published significant works in the medical branch, such as his Treatise on human osteology, Anatomy of the head and neck, Anatomy of the abdomen and Anatomy of the thorax. These influential anatomical works granted him a free membership to the National Surgery Academy in 1953. He was the father of Gilbert Olivier, third president of the Fédération Sportive de France and director of the ESSEC Business School.
|
|
The term bioarchaeology was first coined by British archaeologist Grahame Clark in 1972 as a reference to zooarchaeology, or the study of animal bones from archaeological sites. Redefined in 1977 by Jane Buikstra, bioarchaeology in the United States now refers to the scientific study of human remains from archaeological sites, a discipline known in other countries as osteoarchaeology or palaeo-osteology. Compared to bioarchaelogy, osteoarchaeolgy is the scientific study that solely focus on the human skeleton. The Human skeleton issued to tell us about health, lifestyle, diet, mortality and physique of the past.
|
|
A male African bush elephant skull on display at the Museum of Osteology African elephants have a grey folded and up to thick skin that is covered with sparse bristled dark-brown to black hair. Short tactile hair grows on the trunk, which has two finger-like processes on the tip. Their large ears help to reduce body heat; flapping them creates air currents and exposes the ears' inner sides where large blood vessels increase heat loss during hot weather. The trunk is a prehensile elongation of its upper lip and nose.
|
|
Restoration Neovenator measured approximately in length, and was of a gracile build, weighing . Specimen MIWG 4199 indicates an individual with a possible length of about , but it only consists of a toe phalanx and its position in Neovenator is dubious.Dodson P., Weishampel D. B. & Osmólska H., The Dinosauria, 2nd edition (2004), University of North Carolina Press, p. 104.Brusatte, S. L. and Benson, R. B. J. and Hutt, S. (2008) The osteology of Neovenator salerii (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Wealden Group (Barremian) of the Isle of Wight. Other.
|
|
Beaded lizards are found in the Pacific drainages from southern Sonora to southwestern Guatemala and two Atlantic drainages, from central Chiapas to southeastern Guatemala. Their habitats are primarily in the desert, tropical deciduous forests and thorn scrub forests, but are found in pine-oak forests, with elevations from sea level to 1500 m. In the wild, the lizards are only active from April to mid-November, spending about an hour per day above the ground. Beaded lizard skeleton (Museum of Osteology) The Mexican beaded lizard H. horridum is found in Mexico, from Sonora to Oaxaca.
|
|
Tetracamphilius notatus is a species of loach catfish found in the Congo River Basin in the Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It reaches a length of 3.3 cmFishBaseRoberts, T.R., 2003. Systematics and osteology of Leptoglaninae a new subfamily of the African catfish family Amphiliidae, with descriptions of three new genera and six new species. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 54(5):81–132. and has non-serrate pectoral fin spines, spots instead of bands on the body, and an olfactory organ that is not greatly enlarged.
|
|
This stripe is usually bordered below by a white stripe running from the upper preocular scale down to the supralabial scales just below and behind the eye. Its off-white belly is usually unmarked, its anal scale is undivided, and its dorsal scales are extremely keeled, often in rows of 25 to 27 near the midbody. A skeleton at the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma The wide range of this species overlaps, or is close to, that of many others. It may be confused with them, but differences exist.
|
|
However, fossils of Eunotosaurus show that the pelvis is in the normal tetrapod position and is placed over the ribs rather than within them, as in modern turtles. Many fossils have been found showing a semi-rigid, turtle-like rib cage, one which presumably necessitated a tortoise-like fashion of walking. Eunotosaurus was considered the ancestor of turtles up until the late 1940s. In his 1956 book Osteology of the Reptiles, American paleontologist Alfred Sherwood Romer claimed that Eunotosaurus could not be included within Chelonia based on the available evidence.
|
|
These were printed from Clift's copies of Hunter's original manuscripts. Most of the original manuscripts had been destroyed while in the care of Sir Everard Home in 1823. When Clift was told of this destruction he is reported to have burst into tears saying, "Well, Sir Everard, there is but one thing more to be done, that is to destroy the collection". He was the compiler of the catalog of the osteology in the Hunterian Museum, and he gave valuable evidence to the parliamentary committee on medical education in 1834.
|
|
In terms of osteology, Sachatamia possess vomerine teeth and quadratojugal bone that is articulating with maxilla. The humeral spines are present in adult males of some of the species. While distinct from most other glass frogs, there are no characters that could unambiguously place a species in Sachatamia or in the genus Rulyrana; genetic data are needed for an unambiguous allocation. The two genera, however, have disjunct distribution areas (Rulyrana are found in the Amazon Basin while Sachatamia are not found further east than the Colombian Cordillera Central).
|
|
Illustration of Limnoscelis left foreleg from The Osteology of the Reptiles (1925) The pectoral girdle of Limnoscelis consisted of a single interclavicle, with paired clavicles, scapulocoracoids, and cleithra on its right and left sides. The cleithrum was small and possibly vestigial, indicating further ossification of the scapulocoracoid. Limnoscelis may also have had cartilaginous extensions above the scapolocoracoid, compensating for this reduction in size. The scapulocoracoid of Limnoscelis had two fused coracoid elements, which it shares with a number of basal amniotes, but which differentiates Limnoscelis from its fellow diadectomorphs (which only had a single coracoid).
|
|
Adult measuring over 30 cm (1 ft) Galore Hill Nature Reserve, New South Wales, Australia Skeleton at the Museum of Osteology in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States The genus Pogona is in the subfamily Amphibolurinae of the lizard family Agamidae. Characteristics include broad, triangular heads and flattened bodies with spiny scales arranged in rows and clusters. These are found on the throat, which can be expanded when threatened, and at the back of the head. These scales are used to scare off predators, yet they are not very sharp.
|
|
Skeleton of American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) on display at the Museum of Osteology Corvids are large to very large passerines with a robust build, strong legs and all species except the pinyon jay have nostrils covered by bristle-like feathers. Many corvids of temperate zones have mainly black or blue coloured plumage; however, some are pied black and white, some have a blue-purple iridescence and many tropical species are brightly coloured. The sexes are very similar in color and size. Corvids have strong, stout bills and large wingspans.
|
|
"Dilophosaurus wetherilli (Dinosauria, Theropoda), osteology and comparisons". Palaeontogr. Abt. A 185: 85–180. it is unlikely that it had one during any stage of ontogeny. Apomorphies include an ellipsoid acetabulum, the greater trochanter and the head of the femur having been fused, a mediodistal crest that extends 50% of the length of the femur, as well as a prominent accessory condyle on the medial femoral condyle, a groove in dorsal surface of the femoral head that extends out from the centerline of the body, and highly constricted ("waisted") caudal vertebra centra.
|
|
He married Lucy Agnes Shee, daughter of Jeremiah Dunlay Shee in 1899 in Chelsea. In 1907 Pycraft took charge of osteology at the museum. Pycraft wrote many articles and books on natural history, including The Story of Bird-Life (1900), The Story of Fish-Life (1901), The Story of Reptile Life (1905), The British Museum of Natural History (1910), A History of Birds (1910), The Infancy of Animals (1912), The Courtship of Animals (1913), Birds in Flight (1922), Camouflage in Nature (1925) and Birds of Great Britain and their Natural History (1934).
|
|
Titanosauroidea was tentatively retained as the opposite clade of titanosaurs, which included all other traditional titanosaurs, although it was noted because of the invalidity of Titanosaurus, Titanosauroidea should be considered an invalid name as well. While the original analysis didn't focus on titanosaurs, it was utilised during the descriptions of Savannasaurus and Diamantinasaurus, Yongjinglong, an osteology of Mendozasaurus, and redescribing Tendaguria. From these updates, an analysis of 548 characters and 124 taxa was published by Mannion et al. in 2019 for a redescription of Jiangshanosaurus and Dongyangosaurus, and additional revisions of Ruyangosaurus were made.
|
|
Following this, Havers' whereabouts are unknown until 1684, when he was admitted as an extra-licentiate of the College of Physicians of London, which allowed him to practice medicine in limited areas of the country. In 1685, he studied at Utrecht University in the Netherlands, and was awarded a degree of "Doctor of Medicine" following presentation of his thesis, entitled ' (On Respiration) in 1685. Havers practiced medicine in London and was particularly interested in osteology, the study of bones. He was admitted a Fellow of the Royal Society on 15 December 1686.
|
|
Allis was educated at Burford and married Mary Naish of Flax Burton in 1812, before going to York in 1823. He was appointed Superintendent of 'The Retreat', a private asylum in York; a position he kept until 1842 where he left to work in a similar position in Osbaldwick. Alongside his profession he studied ornithology and osteology. Allis held two Honorary Curatorships at the Yorkshire Museum from 1835 to 1875, was elected as a Fellow of the Linnean Society in 1857 and was one of the first members of the British Association.
|
|
Monro is said to have thought that illustrations were inaccurate and unnecessary. While Thiroux d'Arconville agreed that observation is better, she thought the illustration could help with learning. Picture of skeletons in Treatise on Osteology It is thought that the images were created under the direction of Jean-Joseph Sue with added input by Thiroux d'Arconville while being financed by her. The skeletons seemed to have been modeled after her; they had a large, broad pelvis and narrow lower limbs, thought to have been caused by corsets Thiroux d'Arconville wore throughout her life.
|
|
Typically, forensic anthropologists obtain doctorates in physical anthropology and have completed coursework in osteology, forensics, and archaeology. It is also recommended that individuals looking to pursue a forensic anthropology profession get experience in dissection usually through a gross anatomy class as well as useful internships with investigative agencies or practicing anthropologists. Once educational requirements are complete one can become certified by the forensic anthropology society in the region. This can include the IALM exam given by the Forensic Anthropology Society of Europe or the certification exam given by the American Board of Forensic Anthropology.
|
|
At the turn of the 20th century only two families of loaches had been described, and of these only Cobitidae was widely recognized by taxonomists. In the early 1900s, the American ichthyologist Fowler and the Indian ichthyologist Hora recognized what would come to be known as Balitoridae and Gastromyzontidae. Nemachelidae, and later Botiidae, were described as subfamilies of Cobitidae until their elevation to family status in 2002. Owing to shared morphological characteristics (see osteology, below) the relationship of the botiid and cobitid loaches was particularly difficult to resolve until the advent of molecular phylogenetics.
|
|
The sphenoidal conchae (sphenoidal turbinated processes) are two thin, curved plates, situated at the anterior and lower part of the body of the sphenoid. An aperture of variable size exists in the anterior wall of each, and through this the sphenoidal sinus opens into the nasal cavity.Google books: sphenoidal conchae: General Anatomy and Osteology of Head and Neck (I. K. International Pvt Ltd, 2009; by Mahdi Hasan)- Retrieved 2018-08-29 Each is irregular in form, and tapers to a point behind, being broader and thinner in front.
|
|
Much of this work is facilitated by the presence of prehistoric cemeteries with well-preserved human remains – an unusual hunter- gatherer characteristic from a global perspective. Employing many advanced research methods and the integration of diverse lines of evidence generated by mortuary archaeology, zooarchaeology, radiocarbon dating, human osteology, isotope geochemistry, ancient and modern DNA research, ethnoarchaeology, and paleoclimatic and environmental studies, the project aims to achieve an improved understanding of the cultural complexity, variability, and dynamics of the long-term culture change among past boreal foragers in the Baikal region.Weber, A.W., McKenzie, H.G. (Editors). 2003. Prehistoric Foragers of the Cis-Baikal, Siberia.
|
|
Skeletal analysis can yield information such as an estimation of age at time of death. There are numerous methods that can be used; in addition to age estimation and sex estimation, someone versed in basic osteology can ascertain a minimum number of individuals (or MNI) in cluttered contexts—such as in mass graves or an ossuary. This is important, as it is not always obvious how many bodies compose the bones sitting in a heap as they are excavated. Occasionally, historical disease prevalence for illnesses such as leprosy can also be determined from bone restructuring and deterioration.
|
|
There, he had the additional benefit of being able to attend lectures on geology, zoology and osteology. After his return to Argentina, he continued his search in the basin of the Paraná River and in the Entre Ríos Province belonging to the Pampas. He published his findings in his mother tongue, German.Roth, S.: Beobachtungen über Entstehung und Alter der Pampasformation in Argentinien, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, Berlin 1888, S. 375-464 Roth was continuously looking for buyers to generate income for his large family. Such an opportunity arose in 1887 when he traveled to Switzerland with his family.
|
|
It can also whistle, especially when disturbed while breeding and nesting. When swimming, black swans hold their necks arched or erect and often carry their feathers or wings raised in an aggressive display. In flight, a wedge of black swans will form as a line or a V, with the individual birds flying strongly with undulating long necks, making whistling sounds with their wings and baying, bugling or trumpeting calls. Black swan skeleton (Museum of Osteology) The black swan is unlike any other Australian bird, although in poor light and at long range it may be confused with a magpie goose in flight.
|
|
"The Osteology of Balaur bondoc, an Island-Dwelling Dromaeosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Late Cretaceous of Romania" Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 374: 1-100. More recent analyses using different sets of anatomical data have since cast doubt on a dromaeosaurid classification for Balaur. In 2013, a larger analysis containing a wide variety of coelurosaurs found that Balaur was not a dromaeosaurid at all, but a basal avialan, more closely related to modern birds than to Jeholornithiformes but more basal than Omnivoropterygiformes. A study published in 2014 found Balaur to be sister to Pygostylia.
|
|
"Ornithocheirus" buenzeli (often mis-spelled O. bunzeliAverianov, A.O. (2010). "The osteology of Azhdarcho lancicollis Nessov, 1984 (Pterosauria, Azhdarchidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 314(3): 246-317.) is a pterosaur species known from parts of a humerus (upper arm bone) and part of a lower jaw found in late Cretaceous period (Campanian stage) rocks of the Grünbach Formation, Austria. While it has traditionally been classified in the genus Ornithocheirus, it is more likely an azhdarchid, though due to the fragmentary nature of known fossil remains, it is considered a nomen dubium.
|
|
In 1903 John Bell Hatcher renamed Laelaps explanatus Cope 1876 into an Aublysodon explanatus.Hatcher, J.B., 1903, "Osteology of Haplocanthosaurus, with description of a new species, and remarks on the probable habits of the Sauropoda and the age and origin of the Atlantosaurus Beds", Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum, 2(1): 1-72 This probably represents a tooth of Saurornitholestes. In 1932 Friedrich von Huene classified a fragmentary skeleton named Ornithomimus grandis by Marsh in 1890 as Aublysodon grandis,Huene, F. von, 1932, Die fossile Reptil-Ordnung Saurischia, ihre Entwicklung und Geschichte. Monographien zur Geologie und Palaeontologie.
|
|
Anatomia per Uso et Intelligenza del Disegno consists of 59 copperplate engravings of text and illustrations printed on one side only. After the engraved title is a plate with allegorical emblems of death. Of the illustrated plates, the first 23 deal with osteology and myology drawn from Genga's anatomical preparations. The remainder consists of representations of antique statues viewed from different angles, including the Farnese Hercules, the Laocoön (without his sons), the Borghese Gladiator, the Borghese Faun, the Venus de Medici, the Youth Pulling a Thorn from his Foot, and the Amazon of the House of Cesi.
|
|
He was a brilliant faculty member in the college of Medicine and, in order to make Anatomy and Physiology studies easier, designed and built life size statues that clearly showed the organs of the human body; the organs could be removed and placed back according to the students needs. The mannequins also helped in the teaching of Osteology, Myology and other related medical sciences. Finally, he also helped in Optics, with lenses that he invented. In 1797, with a scholarship from the government, Flores went on a four-year journey where he visited several American and European medical facilities.
|
|
Strickland recognised its generic distinction and named the new genus Pezophaps, from ancient Greek ' ( 'pedestrian') and ' ( 'pigeon'). The differences between the sexes of the bird were so large that Strickland thought they belonged to two species, naming the smaller female bird Pezophaps minor. Additional subfossils were recovered during the 1860s, but more complete remains were found during the 1874 transit of Venus, since an observation station was located on the island. Many of these excavations were requested by the English ornithologists (and brothers) Alfred and Edward Newton, who used them to describe the osteology of the bird in detail.
|
|
Skull and dentition of the binturong, as illustrated in Paul Gervais' Histoire naturelle des mammifères Binturong skeleton on display in the Museum of Osteology The binturong is long and heavy, with short, stout legs. It has a thick coat of coarse black hair. The bushy and prehensile tail is thick at the root, gradually tapering, and curls inwards at the tip. The muzzle is short and pointed, somewhat turned up at the nose, and is covered with bristly hairs, brown at the points, which lengthen as they diverge, and form a peculiar radiated circle round the face.
|
|
Together, these two skeletons represent the most completely known dodo remains, including bone elements previously unrecorded (such as knee-caps and various wing bones). Though some contemporary writers noted the importance of Thrioux's specimens, they were not scientifically studied, and were largely forgotten until 2011, when sought out by a group of researchers. The mounted skeletons were laser scanned, from which 3-D models were reconstructed, which became the basis of a 2016 monograph about the osteology of the dodo. In 2006, explorers discovered a complete skeleton of a dodo in a lava cave in Mauritius.
|
|
Tim D. White, Human Osteology, 2nd edition (San Diego: Academic Press, 2000) It only has one side that acts as a joint, articulating with the triquetral bone. It is on a plane anterior to the other carpal bones and is spheroidal in form. The pisiform bone has four surfaces: # The dorsal surface is smooth and oval, and articulates with the triquetral: this facet approaches the superior, but not the inferior border of the bone. # The palmar surface is rounded and rough, and gives attachment to the transverse carpal ligament, the flexor carpi ulnaris and the abductor digiti quinti.
|
|
292 even though the dentary bone itself was exceptionally long at the back, reaching a point below the middle of the eye socket.Cristiano dal Sasso & Simone Maganuco, 2011, Scipionyx samniticus (Theropoda: Compsognathidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Italy — Osteology, ontogenetic assessment, phylogeny, soft tissue anatomy, taphonomy and palaeobiology, Memorie della Società Italiana de Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano XXXVII(I): 1-281 Teeth did not extend as far back as the orbits, and neither tooth row spanned much more than one-third of the skull.Osborn (1903), p. 460; Norman (1990), p.
|
|
78, 179 though these have not yet been described. In 1920 Charles Whitney Gilmore concluded that Ornitholestes was identical to Coelurus;Gilmore, C.W., 1920, "Osteology of the carnivorous Dinosauria in the United States National Museum, with special reference to the genera Antrodemus (Allosaurus) and Ceratosaurus", Bulletin U.S. National Museum CX: 1-154 in 1934 Oliver Perry Hay recognised only a difference at the species level, naming a Coelurus hermanni,Hay, O.P., 1930, Second Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Carnegie Institution of Washington. 390(II): 1-1074 but in 1980 John Ostrom revived the genus.
|
|
There are several dozen reported specimens for T. mosesi, but almost all of them are in poor condition and the osteology of this species remains poorly understood. Olson differentiated it from T. texensis mostly on the basis of notably fewer marginal teeth in the jaw. A third species of Tersomius, T. dolesensis, was named by Anderson & Bolt (2013) from the Richards Spur locality in Oklahoma. It is differentiated from all other amphibamiforms by the presence of enlarged teeth along the palatine ramus of the vomer and is distinguished from T. texensis by a posteriorly restricted postorbital and a posteriorly extensive jugal.
|
|
Michel Laurin is a Canadian-born French vertebrate paleontologist whose specialities include the emergence of a land-based lifestyle among vertebrates, the evolution of body size and the origin and phylogeny of lissamphibians. He has also made important contributions to the literature on phylogenetic nomenclature. As an undergraduate, he worked in the laboratory of Robert L. Carroll and earned his Ph.D. at the University of Toronto under the direction of Robert R. Reisz; his thesis concerned the osteology of seymouriamorphs. His 1991 review of diapsid phylogeny provided the broadest review of the subject up to that date.
|
|
Guests from Overseas (1901) by Nicholas Roerich, depicting a Viking raid. (Varangians in Rus') Viking settlements in Ireland and Great Britain are thought to have been primarily male enterprises; however, some graves show nearly equal male/female distribution. Disagreement is partly due to method of classification; previous archaeology often guessed biological sex from burial artifacts, whereas modern archaeology may use osteology to find biological sex, and isotope analysis to find origin (DNA sampling is usually not possible).Shane McLeod. "Warriors and women: the sex ratio of Norse migrants to eastern England up to 900 AD" 18 Jul 2011.
|
|
Macerated skeletons of a Great Dane and a Chihuahua, on display at The Museum of Osteology, in Oklahoma City. Maceration is a bone preparation technique whereby a clean skeleton is obtained from a vertebrate carcass by leaving it to decompose inside a closed container at near-constant temperature. This may be done as part of a forensic investigation, as a recovered body is too badly decomposed for a meaningful autopsy, but with enough flesh or skin remaining as to obscure macroscopically visible evidence, such as cut-marks. In most cases, maceration is done on the carcass of an animal for educational purposes.
|
|
Matschie's tree-kangaroo skeleton on display at the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Matschie's tree-kangaroos are restricted to the Huon peninsula of Papua New Guinea, a subdivision of Tumbanan faunal province, and are the only tree-kangaroos found there. They are also residents on the island of Umboi, which is just off the coast of Papua New Guinea. However, most scientists believe the tree-kangaroos were introduced onto this island and were not originally found there. The Matschies’ prefer to live in deciduous forests and tropical rainforests because they remain in trees for most of their days.
|
|
The skeletal remains of the villagers also showed evidence of earlier wounds. According to the 1982 dissertation entitled Osteology of the Crow Creek Massacre by P. Willey, evidence of previous warfare is present in the skeletal remains of victims found in the mass burial. Two individuals had survived previous scalping incidents, and were in the process of healing, which was indicated by the bony re-growth of their skulls; a third individual had survived a head injury as indicated by "a healed depressed fracture in the frontal". Others showed evidence of being wounded by arrows, the points of which remained in the legs and were overgrown by bone.
|
|
Skeleton at the Museum of Osteology in Oklahoma Citing concerns of urbanization, habitat loss and active attempts at eradication, NatureServe assesses the camas pocket gophers' conservation status as vulnerable. The conservation status of the camas pocket gopher is classified as "least concern" by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Species Programme, with a stable population trend. The IUCN notes that the gopher is common in its range; studies indicate that populations can recover rapidly after traps are removed from an area, and the species may adapt well to environmental changes. The IUCN and others express concern about degradation of the species' habitat due to urbanization and agricultural expansion.
|
|
The karyotypes of different camelid species have been studied earlier by many groups, but no agreement on chromosome nomenclature of camelids has been reached. A 2007 study flow sorted camel chromosomes, building on the fact that camels have 37 pairs of chromosomes (2n=74), and found that the karyotype consisted of one metacentric, three submetacentric, and 32 acrocentric autosomes. The Y is a small metacentric chromosome, while the X is a large metacentric chromosome. Skull of an F1 hybrid camel, Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma The hybrid camel, a hybrid between Bactrian and dromedary camels, has one hump, though it has an indentation deep that divides the front from the back.
|
|
Robert Jurmain is a professor emeritus of anthropology at San Jose State University. Jurmain holds an A.B. in anthropology from UCLA and a Ph.D. in Biological Anthropology from Harvard. He joined the San Jose State faculty in 1975, and taught there until his retirement in 2004.. He is the author or coauthor of three textbooks on physical anthropology.Worldcat listing of books by Jurmain In addition, his monograph Stories from the Skeleton: Behavioral Reconstruction in Human Osteology (Gordon and Breach, 1999, ) discusses the problem of determining what a person did, based only on markers in the person's bones such as fractures or evidence of osteoarthritis.
|
|
In 2003, his skeleton arrived at Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History and was laid to rest in a green cabinet, alongside the bones of his three favorite Irish Wolfhounds – Clyde, Icky, and Yahoo – as was his last request (See "Epilogue" by Dave Hunt of the Smithsonian in Only A Dog). In 2009, Krantz's skeleton was painstakingly articulated and, along with the skeleton of one of his dogs, included on display in the Smithsonian's "Written in Bone: Forensic Files of the 17th Century Chesapeake" exhibition at the National Museum of Natural History. His bones have also been used to teach forensics and advanced osteology to George Washington University students.
|
|
Mar 3 (2009) Zakrzewski (2003) studied skeletal samples from the Badarian period to the Middle Kingdom. She confirmed the results of Robins and Shute that Ancient Egyptians in general had "tropical body plans" but that their proportions were actually "super- negroid". Trikhanus (1981) found Egyptians to plot closest to tropical Africans and not Mediterranean Europeans residing in a roughly similar climatic area.S.O.Y. Keita, History in Africa, 20: 129-154 (1993) A more recent study compared ancient Egyptian osteology to that of African-Americans and White Americans, and found that the stature of the Ancient Egyptians was more similar to the stature of African-Americans, although it was not identical:Raxter et al.
|
|
Blue catfish skeleton (Museum of Osteology) The ability of the blue catfish to tolerate a wide range of climates and brackish water has allowed it to thrive in Virginia's rivers, lakes, tributaries, and the Chesapeake Bay. Unfortunately, the relatively low mortality rate, large body size, wide range of species preyed upon, and success as a predator has resulted in the blue catfish being considered a problematic invasive species in Virginia. Since their introduction in Virginia waters in the 1970s,Greenlee, R. S., and C. N. Lim. 2011. Searching for equilibrium: population parameters and variable recruitment in introduced Blue Catfish populations in four Virginia tidal river systems.
|
|
The Bureau of Natural History holds a diverse collection of about 250,000 specimens which have historic and cultural significance, in addition to their scientific value. The natural history collections are especially strong in industrial minerals and ores, paleontology specimens (fossils), osteology specimens (bones), modern shells, and a systematic study skin component. Smaller sub-collections include pinned insects, fluid-preserved fauna, taxidermy mounts and glass lantern slides. The bureau is also the repository for about 300 type (first documented) specimens of Paleozoic and Mesozoic fossils, as well as a large number of fossils documenting the Paleozoic strata within the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area.
|
|
In addition, paleontology often borrows techniques from other sciences, including biology, osteology, ecology, chemistry, physics and mathematics. For example, geochemical signatures from rocks may help to discover when life first arose on Earth, and analyses of carbon isotope ratios may help to identify climate changes and even to explain major transitions such as the Permian–Triassic extinction event. A relatively recent discipline, molecular phylogenetics, compares the DNA and RNA of modern organisms to re-construct the "family trees" of their evolutionary ancestors. It has also been used to estimate the dates of important evolutionary developments, although this approach is controversial because of doubts about the reliability of the "molecular clock".
|
|
This is considered to be junior synonym under ICZN naming rules and has subsequently been discarded. During a comprehensive revision of the sillaginids in 1985, Roland McKay noted that the eastern and western populations of fish varied slightly in their fin osteology and swimbladder morphology, but recommended a full osteological comparison before placing them in subspecies ranks. McKay also postulates that the two populations became separated during the last ice age, when a land bridge closed the Torres Strait to the movement of the species. The species is most commonly known as the 'stout whiting', and is recognised as such by the Australian Government.
|
|
He was born in London, and entered Christ's College, Cambridge in 1707, graduating M.B. in 1712 and M.D. on 17 July 1719. He was admitted a candidate or member of the Royal College of Physicians 30 September 1719, and was elected a fellow 30 September 1720. On 13 August 1720 he was a candidate for the osteology lecture at the Barber-Surgeons' Hall, and again 30 October 1721; and was successful when a candidate for the third time on 29 March 1721. On 20 August 1724 he was elected to the viscera lectureship at the same place, and 15 August 1728 to the muscular lectureship.
|
|
Pangolin skeletons at the Museum of Osteology (2009) Schematic drawing of pangolin scale histology The physical appearance of a pangolin is marked by large hardened overlapping plate-like scales, which are soft on newborn pangolins, but harden as the animal matures. They are made of keratin, the same material from which human fingernails and tetrapod claws are made, and are structurally and compositionally very different from the scales of reptiles. The pangolin's scaled body is comparable in appearance to a pine cone. It can curl up into a ball when threatened, with its overlapping scales acting as armor, while it protects its face by tucking it under its tail.
|
|
Its juvenile status is reflected by the small size of the type specimen which indicates a total body length of about two feet. The authors, Philip J. Currie and Peng, did not find any autapomorphies of Saurornithoides, but based on the then current knowledge of anatomy and genera, the assignment was reasonable. In 2011, Linhevenator was described, and IVPP V 10597 was shown to have many similarities to this new taxon, possibly being a juvenile. However, a 2012 study of the histology and osteology of IVPP V 10597 determined that it was a new taxon related to Linhevenator, and it was named Philovenator curriei by Xu Xing e.
|
|
Incisors (teeth) that are present among human osteology remains are spade shaped. This feature has a high frequency in the native populations and low frequency between most of the European population (Ubelaker, 1994: 26). The anthropological biometric data of skulls, jaws and teeth of these specimens is evidence that they belong to the native population of the area. The presence of cultural materials totally predominant by prehispanic artifacts; such as 84 fragments of obsidian prismatic knives, weapons with well-defined carving (arrow), polychrome Managua type ceramic, monochrome ceramic, ceramic vessels with fabric impressions and wildlife remains, among others, are tangible evidence of the site occupation before the Spaniards arrival.
|
|
Skeleton on exhibit at the Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Skull of a striped skunk The striped skunk is a stoutly-built, short-limbed animal with a small, conical head and a long, heavily furred tail.Coues, E. (1877). Fur-bearing animals: a monograph of North American Mustelidae, in which an account of the wolverene, the martens or sables, the ermine, the mink and various other kinds of weasels, several species of skunks, the badger, the land and sea otters, and numerous exotic allies of these animals, is contributed to the history of North American mammals. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories (U.S.). pp. 195-235.
|
|
Bearded dragon (pogona) skeleton on display at the Museum of Osteology When Sauropsida was used, it often had the same content or even the same definition as Reptilia. In 1988, Jacques Gauthier proposed a cladistic definition of Reptilia as a monophyletic node-based crown group containing turtles, lizards and snakes, crocodilians, and birds, their common ancestor and all its descendants. While Gauthier's definition was close to the modern consensus, nonetheless, it became considered inadequate because the actual relationship of turtles to other reptiles was not yet well understood at this time. Major revisions since have included the reassignment of synapsids as non-reptiles, and classification of turtles as diapsids.
|
|
A anaconda skeleton on display at Museum of Osteology with other squamates In the famous 10th edition of Systema Naturae of 1758, Carl Linnaeus cited descriptions by Albertus Seba and by Laurens Theodorus Gronovius to erect the distinct species murina of his new genus Boa, which contained eight other species, including Boa constrictor. The generic name Boa came from an ancient Latin word for a type of large snake. The first specimens of Boa murina were of immature individuals from in length. In 1830, Johann Georg Wagler erected the separate genus Eunectes for Linnaeus's Boa murina after more and larger specimens were known and described.
|
|
The term "forensic archaeology" is not defined uniformly around the world, and is therefore practiced in a variety of ways. Forensic archaeologists employ their knowledge of proper excavation techniques to ensure that remains are recovered in a controlled and forensically acceptable manner. When remains are found partially or completely buried the proper excavation of the remains will ensure that any evidence present on the bones will remain intact. The difference between forensic archaeologists and forensic anthropologists is that where forensic anthropologists are trained specifically in human osteology and recovery of human remains, forensic archaeologists specialize more broadly in the processes of search and discovery.
|
|
Special terms are used to describe the mouth and teeth. Fields such as osteology, palaeontology and dentistry apply special terms of location to describe the mouth and teeth. This is because although teeth may be aligned with their main axes within the jaw, some different relationships require special terminology as well; for example, teeth also can be rotated, and in such contexts terms like "anterior" or "lateral" become ambiguous. For example, the terms "distal" and "proximal" are also redefined to mean the distance away or close to the dental arch, and "medial" and "lateral" are used to refer to the closeness to the midline of the dental arch.
|
|
Karen Ramey Burns was an American forensic anthropologist known for work in international human rights. Her specialty was the recovery and identification of human remains in criminal, historical, archaeological, and disaster-related circumstances. She worked on a number of high-profile cases, including the Raboteau Massacre and trial in Haiti, the Río Negro massacre in Guatemala, victims of genocide in Iraqi Kurdistan, the Amelia Earhart search in Kiribati, Fiji, and the Northern Mariana Islands, and the identification of the Kazimierz Pułaski remains in Savannah, Georgia, United States. She was also active in international forensic training and taught human osteology and forensic anthropology at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City.
|
|
Pacific white- sided dolphin skeleton (missing pelvic bones), on exhibit at The Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma In modern cetaceans, the front limbs have become pectoral fins and the hind parts were internal and reduced. Occasionally, the genes that code for longer extremities cause a modern cetacean to develop miniature legs (known as atavism). The main method of moving is an up-and-down motion with the tail fin, called the fluke, which is used for propulsion, while the pectoral fins together with the entire tail section provide directional control. All modern cetaceans still retain their digits despite the external appearance suggesting otherwise.
|
|
Other studies in the 1970s focused on the analysis of the Cenozoic avian radiation, with a particular focus on the origin and relationships of waterfowl (Anseriformes). Based on his analysis of the osteology of the Paleocene and Eocene duck Presbyornis, represented in large quantities from Eocene deposits from outcrops of the Green River Formation in Utah and Wyoming, Feduccia concluded that Presbyornis represents a shorebird-duck mosaic and that waterfowl evolved from shorebirds (Charadriiformes).Feduccia (1999) This is contrary to the more widely held view, based on molecular and morphological data, that waterfowl are most closely related to chickens, turkeys, and related fowl (Galliformes),Cracraft, J. 1988. "The major clades of birds".
|
|
A full published description is still lacking, though an unpublished thesis on Orodromeus exists.Scheetz, R.D., 1999, Osteology of Orodromeus makelai and the phylogeny of basal ornithopod dinosaurs D. Ph. Thesis in Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, 189 pp However, MOR 246 and other eggs from Egg Mountain are now considered to belong to a troodontid which may be Stenonychosaurus. In 1990, the species Laosaurus minimus, described by Charles Gilmore in 1909 based on NMC 9438, a partial left hindlimb and pieces of vertebra from the Allison Formation in Alberta, was noted as the second species of Orodromeus. The fragmentary nature of the remains, however, makes it difficult to assign the specimen with certainty.
|
|
R. petersi skeleton, Museum of Osteology Eastern rock elephant shrew, Elephantulus myurus, South Africa Bushveld elephant shrew, E. intufi, Namibia They are widely distributed across the southern part of Africa, and although common nowhere, can be found in almost any type of habitat, from the Namib Desert to boulder-strewn outcrops in South Africa to thick forest. One species, the North African elephant shrew, remains in the semiarid, mountainous country in the far northwest of the continent. The Somali elephant shrew went missing from 1968 to 2020 but was rediscovered by a group of scientists in Djibouti. The creature is one of the fastest small mammals, having been recorded to reach speeds of .
|
|
After completing his doctoral studies, Rasmussen was employed for one year as a visiting professor at Rice University and then worked as an assistant professor for the University of California, Los Angeles until 1991. That year he joined the Department of Anthropology in the Arts & Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL), and ten years later achieved tenure as a full professor. Courses he taught at WUSTL included the history of physical anthropology and human osteology, primate biology, evolution, functional morphology, paleobiology and phylogeny. He also co-taught a course on human evolution as represented in film and culture together with a cultural anthropologist and taught Environmental Studies starting in 1993.
|
|
As a result of his study, he retained that Hypsilophodon was definitely a relative of Iguanodon, but that it seemed to him too different to be retained in the same genus. He published these findings in a supplementary note, also in 1874. Finally, in 1882 he published a full osteology of the species, considering it of great importance to properly document the taxon as such a wealth of specimens had been discovered and comparison with American dinosaurs was necessary (Othniel Charles Marsh had by this point allied the genus to his taxa Nanosaurus, Laosaurus, and Camptosaurus from the United States). Fox had by this point died, and no further argument against generic distinctiveness had occurred in the intervening time.
|
|
Lateral view of a skeleton on display at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin In the original description, Hennig did not designate a holotype specimen. However, in a detailed monography on the osteology, systematic position and palaeobiology of Kentrosaurus in 1925, Hennig picked the most complete partial skeleton, today inventorised as MB.R.4800.1 through MB.R.4800.37, as a lectotype (see syntype). This material includes a nearly complete series of tail vertebrae, several vertebrae of the back, a sacrum with five sacral vertebrae and both ilia, both femora and an ulna, and is included in the mounted skeleton at the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Germany. The type locality is Kindope, Tanzania, near the Tendaguru hill.
|
|
In 1812 he became a correspondent for the Royal Institute of the Netherlands, and became member in 1827. Cuvier was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1822. Cuvier's tomb in the Père Lachaise Cemetery, Paris Cuvier then devoted himself more especially to three lines of inquiry: (i) the structure and classification of the Mollusca; (ii) the comparative anatomy and systematic arrangement of the fishes; (iii) fossil mammals and reptiles and, secondarily, the osteology of living forms belonging to the same groups. In 1812, Cuvier made what the cryptozoologist Bernard Heuvelmans called his "Rash dictum": he remarked that it was unlikely that any large animal remained undiscovered.
|
|
In the 1980s further studies based on external appearance and osteology suggested there were in fact two forms in the Southern Hemisphere, a larger form with dark flippers and a "diminutive" or "dwarf form" with white flippers, the latter of which appeared to be more closely related to the common form of the Northern Hemisphere. This was strengthened by genetic studies using allozyme and mitochondrial DNA analyses, which proposed there were at least two species of minke whale, B. acutorostrata and B. bonaerensis, with the dwarf form being more closely related to the former species.Wada, S., and Numachi, K. I. (1991). "Allozyme analyses of genetic differentiation among the populations and species of the Balaenoptera".
|
|
See F. French p.50 In 1900, he moved to Beijing to restore the hospital there which had been almost totally demolished.See F. French p.55 Cochrane succeeded in obtaining royal support for his work after he healed the Empress Dowager Cixi's chief eunuch and her chief lady in waiting.See F. French p.64-67 He decided to establish the hospital as a training hospital to train Chinese as western style doctors, and with the support of the empress and other missionary bodies founded the Peking Union Medical College.See F.French pp.68-78 To support the students, Cochrane translated western medical books like Heath’s Anatomy (1909) and Heath’s Osteology (1910) into Mandarin.
|
|
Bengal tiger skeleton on display at the Museum of Osteology The tiger has a muscular body with powerful forelimbs, a large head and a tail that is about half the length of its body. Its pelage is dense and heavy, and colouration varies between shades of orange and brown with white ventral areas and distinctive vertical black stripes that are unique in each individual. Stripes are likely advantageous for camouflage in vegetation such as long grass with strong vertical patterns of light and shade. The tiger is one of only a few striped cat species; it is not known why spotted patterns and rosettes are the more common camouflage pattern among felids.
|
|
In 2010, mitochondrial DNA was used to identify that a partial skeleton found in a Roman grave from the 1st or 2nd century AD in Vagnari, Italy, had East Asian ancestry on his mother's side. A 2016 analysis of archaeological finds from Southwark in London, the site of the ancient Roman city Londinium in Roman Britain, suggests that two or three skeletons from a sample of twenty-two dating to the 2nd to the 4th centuries AD are of Asian ancestry, and possibly of Chinese descent. The assertion is based on forensics and the analysis of skeletal facial features. The discovery has been presented by Dr Rebecca Redfern, curator of human osteology at the Museum of London.
|
|
There have been reports where Non-Asiatic Groups such as Europeans, Sub Saharan Africans, and South Asians, having Shovel Shape Teeth, but that could be the case of having East Asian or Native American Ancestry In some instances, incisors can present a more pronounced version of this called double shovel-shaped. When present, shovel-shaped incisors can indicate correlation among populations and are considered to be one of the non-metrical traits in osteology. Structurally resembling the shovel-shaped incisors, double-shovel-shaped incisors are distinguished by a more pronounced mesial ridge comparing to the distal ridge. Similarly, the grades for both shovel-shaped incisors and the double shovel-shaped incisors in females are significantly greater than that in males.
|
|
Sinocalliopteryx was by its describers assigned to the Compsognathidae. This cladogram shows the position of Sinocalliopteryx in the Compsognathidae according to a study by dal Sasso & Maganuco in 2011:Cristiano dal Sasso & Simone Maganuco, 2011, Scipionyx samniticus (Theropoda: Compsognathidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Italy — Osteology, ontogenetic assessment, phylogeny, soft tissue anatomy, taphonomy and palaeobiology. Memorie della Società Italiana de Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano XXXVII(I): 1-281 The large size of Sinocalliopteryx compared to its relatives is also notable, and may indicate a trend towards large size among compsognathids (a group well known for their small size compared to other, giant theropod dinosaurs), similar to the trends towards larger sizes in other dinosaurian lineages.
|
|
The animal is easily identified by its markings, most notably the light-colored patch that extends from its shoulders to its rear end. It is covered in black hair, except for the tips of its ears, which, as with other tapirs, are rimmed with white. This pattern is for camouflage; the disrupted coloration makes it more difficult to recognize it as a tapir, and other animals may mistake it for a large rock rather than prey when it is lying down to sleep.Woodland Park Zoo Animal Fact Sheet: Malayan Tapir (Tapirus indicus) Skeleton Photo of a Malayan tapir skull on display at the Museum of Osteology The Malayan tapir grows to between in length, not counting a stubby tail of only in length, and stands tall.
|
|
Mary Lewis completed a BA in Archaeology at the University of Leicester in 1992 and the attended the University of Bradford where she studied for an MSc in Osteology, Palaeopathology and Funerary Archaeology and a PhD in Bioarchaeology. Her thesis was titled The impact of urbanisation and industrialisation in medieval and post-medieval Britain: an assessment of the morbidity and mortality of non-adult skeletons from the cemeteries of two urban and two rural sites in England (AD 850-1859) supervised by Charlotte Roberts. While at Bradford, Lewis and Roberts examined human remains excavations from the church of St Helen-on-the-Walls in York. Looking at 2,000 skeletons, it was one of the first studies to use archaeological evidence to examine how the environment effects health.
|
|
During her thirteen-year-long employment at that museum, Sullivan played a major role in the renovation and reorganization of the Museum's vast archaeological collections. She obtained two National Science Foundation Systematic Anthropological Collections grants to do the first comprehensive inventory and records organization of the 150-year-old archaeological collections, as well a national Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act grant to do the first ever inventory of the Museum's human osteology collections. She also began field schools at the Ripley site, a late prehistoric and proto-historic site in western New York which had been partially excavated by Arthur C. Parker in the early twentieth century. With colleagues Sarah and Phillip Neusius, she won National Science Foundation funding for that project.
|
|
Triceratops painting Hatcher commissioned from Charles R. Knight, published in The Ceratopsia (1907) Beginning in 1900, with recommendations from Dana, Marsh, Scott, and Yale President Timothy Dwight, Hatcher was hired by William Jacob Holland as curator of paleontology and osteology for the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, succeeding Jacob Lawson Wortman. Hatcher supervised William Harlow Reed and hired Charles Whitney Gilmore during his time at the Carnegie Museum. In addition to supervising field expeditions and excavations, he was responsible for the scientific investigation and display of Diplodocus carnegii, a species named by Hatcher for his patron Andrew Carnegie (1835–1919), the Scottish-American industrialist. Finished in 1907, casts of "Dippy" were sent to museums in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Austria, Italy, Russia, Spain, Argentina, and Mexico.
|
|
His predecessor, Dutch anthropologist Herman Frederik Carel ten Kate, had recommended him for the position because of Lehmann-Nitsche's discussion of Osteology in his two doctoral dissertations. Ten Kate recommended to the young German scholar to carry out an extensive osteological study of the native Argentinians, comparing them to other native populations of the Americas, Africa, and Oceania, based on the large collection of skulls owned by the La Plata Museum. Lehmann-Nitsche did perform the recommended study, but extended it to living individuals from the indigenous people of Argentina. He started in 1898-1900 by examining individuals from the Selk'nam people who had been abducted in Patagonia and were exhibited by circuses or in events such as Buenos Aires' National Industrial Exposition of 1898.
|
|
A recent endeavor by the city of London to expand their railway system inadvertently uncovered 25 human skeletons at Charterhouse Square in 2013. Although archaeological excavation of the skeletons temporarily halted the further advances in the railway system, they have given way to new, possibly revolutionary discoveries in the field, as well as re-write history. These 25 skeletal remains, along with many more that were found in further searches, are believed to be from the mass graves dug to bury the millions of victims of the Black Death in the 14th century. Archaeologists and forensic scientists have used osteology to examine the condition of the skeletal remains, to help piece together the reason why the Black Death had such a detrimental effect on the European population.
|
|
These remains were identified as from a true rhinoceros by Wood, who found them an important discovery with the scant amount of previous cranial material of early rhinocerotids available. On July 25, the same year, a paper was published by Wood concerning the taxonomy and osteology of these remains, in which he named them a new genus and species (or binomial) as well as re-ranking a previously named family as a subfamily containing the new taxon. The binomial created was Pappaceras confluens, classified as a close relative of Forstercooperia within Forstercooperiinae (before Forstercooperiidae, named in 1940 by Kretzoi). Wood noted that the generic name is derived from the Latin word πaππos, "grandfather", and the Greek words alpha, "without", and keras, "horn", translating as "Grandfather without horn".
|
|
Focusing his researches on the biomechanics of human spinal column, Pal elucidated the roles played by vertebral arches and their zygapophyseal joints in weight transmission along the vertebral column. These studies have assisted in the understanding the spinal disorder called idiopathic scoliosis. His researches have been documented by way of several articles and the online repository of scientific articles of the Indian Academy of Sciences has listed a number of them. Besides, he has published several books which include Illustrated Textbook of Neuroanatomy, Text Book of Histology, Basics Of Medical Genetics, Human Embryyology, General Anatomy (basic Concepts In Human Gross Anatomy), Human Osteology: Text and Colour Atlas and Medical Genetics and his work has been cited in many text books on anatomy.
|
|
Inasmuch as Wodehouseia spinata and Aquillapollenites subtilis are known in the Americas only from the Late Maastrichtian, the presence of these palynomorphs in the Udurchukan caused Godefroit to consider the unit and its lambeosaur dominated fauna to be coeval with the Lance Formation and Hell Creek Formation. However, research in the Songliao Basin indicates Wodehouseia spinata is also known from the early (albeit not basal) and middle Maastrichtian of Asia. The latest view, appearing in the paper on comparative osteology of Edmontosaurus and Shantungosaurus, is that one Udurchukan Formation locality, Kundur, is late−early Maastrichtian; and the other, Blagoveschensk, is early−late Maastrichtian. The Udurchukan Formation now appears somewhat older than the Lance and Hell Creek, albeit not by much.
|
|
A model of a modern human hominid skull (or hominin skull) A fossil hominid exhibit at The Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Hominidae was originally the name given to the family of humans and their (extinct) close relatives, with the other great apes (that is, the orangutans, gorillas and chimpanzees) all being placed in a separate family, the Pongidae. However, that definition eventually made Pongidae paraphyletic because at least one great ape species (the chimpanzees) proved to be more closely related to humans than to other great apes. Most taxonomists today encourage monophyletic groups—this would require, in this case, the use of Pongidae to be restricted to just one closely related grouping. Thus, many biologists now assign Pongo (as the subfamily Ponginae) to the family Hominidae.
|
|
In early 1928, weary of spending long hours inside of a laboratory and yearning for an opportunity to return to the outdoors, Gloria Hollister applied for a position with the famed naturalist William Beebe in his Department of Tropical Research (DTR) at the New York Zoological Society. Beebe was seeking a professional naturalist, skilled at dissecting, to join his staff for an upcoming oceanographic expedition to Bermuda. Dismissing concerns from some about the capabilities of women scientists, Beebe hired Hollister and several other women, including Jocelyn Crane, to join the team., During the DTR's Bermuda Oceanographic Expeditions of 1928 to 1940, Hollister honed her expertise in fish osteology and continued this work in the DTR's West Indies Oceanographic Expedition (1932-1933) and the Pearl Islands Oceanographic Expedition (1934).
|
|
The data show that three closely allied sthenurine species coexisted sympatrically at Lake Callabonna: a new giant taxon, S. stirlingi, an intermediate-sized S. tindalei, and the considerably smaller S. andersoni. Comparative osteology of these Sthenurus species with Macropus giganteus emphasizes how different sthenurine kangaroos were from extant kangaroos, especially with the sthenurines' short, deep skulls, long front feet with very reduced lateral digits, and the monodactyl hind feet.WELLS, RT; TEDFORD, RH BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Issue: 225 Pages: 1-111 Published: 1995 Teapot Creek, a tributary of the MacLaughlin River in the Southern Monaro, southeastern New South Wales, contains a sequence of terraces. The highest and oldest of these terraces was reported to contain the remains of fossil mammals found in Plio-Pleistocene fossil deposits elsewhere in eastern Australia.
|
|
The description of the species was published in the 1807 report of a French expedition to Australia. The authors, zoologist François Péron and illustrator Charles Lesueur, described a specimen collected at Bernier Island during their visit to the region in 1801, naming the new species as Kangurus faciatus. Evidence suggested that the mernine was the only living member of the sthenurine subfamily, and a recent osteology-based phylogeny of macropodids found that the banded hare-wallaby was indeed a bastion of an ancient lineage, agreeing with other (molecular) appraisals of the evolutionary history of L. fasciatus. However, the authors analysis did not support the placement of the mernine within Sthenurinae, but suggest it belongs to a plesiomorphic clade which branched off from other macropodids in the early Miocene and put forward the new subfamily Lagostrophinae.
|
|
Based on laboratory tests performed on remnants with osteology emphasis is easy to determine the archaeological remains that predominate in the specimens come from prehispanic social groups inhabiting the place; while considering the burials found cultural historical importance Another element that provides important data are the animal remains found associated with other cultural evidence. It is possible to assume the human consumption of different species belonging to zoological groups: such as large and small mammals, birds, reptiles, fish and mollusks. These records allow speculation on the ecosystems that existed in the area and therefore the possible diet of the inhabitants of the region during prehispanic and historical times. In parallel to these studies, obtained a range of data related to architectural aspects and constructive systems of structures affected by the investigation.
|
|
Kovalevsky edited many scientific books, and on 27 February 1867 he wrote to Charles Darwin about translating his latest book, The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication. His translation work was so fast that the Russian copy of Variation was published several months before the "original" English version. He also translated The Descent of Man, which he and Sofia had to carry through Prussian lines into besieged Paris during the Franco-Prussian war of 1870, and The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. In his lifetime, his only original work was his thesis, On the Osteology of the Hyopotamidae, in which he "documented the most famous evolutionary story of all", the transformation of a small ancestor with many toes into the large, single-toed modern horse.
|
|
Though some clearly were capable of crushing through the shells of armored prey, none were as specialized as Globidens and its kin, which combined robust and powerful skulls with semispherical teeth capable of crushing through the shells of animals like ammonites, bivalves and small turtles. Russell (1967) did not offer a proper diagnosis for the tribe when he named it, due to how poorly known the osteology of Globidens was at the time, but nevertheless erected a new tribe due to the clearly distinct features separating Globidens from the rest of the Mosasaurinae and considered Globidens to be a derived descendant of Clidastes. A more recently suggested definition is a branch-based definition diagnosing the Globidensini as the most inclusive clade containing Globidens dakotensis but not Mosasaurus hoffmannii.
|
|
Specimens NHM R5829 and R5830 at the Natural History Museum, London Later, the number of specimens was increased by Reginald Walter Hooley. In 1905, Baron Franz Nopcsa dedicated a study to Hypsilophodon,Nopcsa, F., 1905, "Notes on British dinosaurs. Part I. Hypsilophodon", Geological Magazine, London, (5) 2: 203-208 and in 1936 William Elgin Swinton did the same,Swinton, W.E., 1936, "Notes on the osteology of Hypsilophodon, and on the family Hypsilophodontidae", Zoological Society of London, Proceedings, 1936: 555-578 on the occasion of the mounting of two restored skeletons in the British Museum of Natural History.Swinton, W.E., 1936, "A new exhibit of Hypsilophodon", Natural History Magazine, London, 5: 331-336 Most known Hypsilophodon specimens were discovered between 1849 and 1921 and are in the possession of the Natural History Museum that acquired the collections of Mantell, Fox, Hulke and Hooley.
|
|
Alternate view of mount The original description of the species noted strong similarities between the osteology of Huabeisaurus and other Cretaceous East Asian sauropods, and in general, previous studies have pointed to some East Asian Cretaceous sauropod (like Nemegtosaurus and Phuwiangosaurus) as the sister taxon of Huabeisaurus. Since 2000, the year of the original description of Huabeisaurus, 17 new sauropod species have been erected from the Cretaceous of East Asia. Many authors have noted similarities among Cretaceous East Asian sauropods, often suggesting that several of these taxa belong to a clade grounded on a genus with well-known anatomy (like Nemegtosauridae, Opisthocoelicaudinae, and Euhelopodidae). Cladistic support was recently presented for a Euhelopodidae that consisted of exclusively Cretaceous-aged members, in contrast with traditional studies and early cladistic analyses that placed the existence of a Euhelopodidae with Jurassic forms.
|
|
In 1985, Jensen could report a considerable amount of additional material, among it the first skull elements.Jensen, J.A., 1985, "Uncompahgre dinosaur fauna: A preliminary report", Great Basin Naturalist, 45: 710-720 The fossils from Colorado were further described by Brooks Britt in 1991.Britt, B., 1991, "Theropods of Dry Mesa Quarry (Morrison Formation, Late Jurassic), Colorado, with emphasis on the osteology of Torvosaurus tanneri", Brigham Young University Geology Studies 37: 1-72 The holotype BYU 2002 originally consisted of upper arm bones (humeri) and lower arm bones (radii and ulnae). The paratypes included some back bones, hip bones, and hand bones. When the material described in 1985 is added, the main missing elements are the shoulder girdle and the thighbone. The original thumb claw, specimen BYUVP 2020, was only provisionally referred as it had been found in a site 195 kilometres away from the Dry Mesa Quarry.
|
|
Although the placement of Elasmosaurus in the Elasmosauridae remained uncontroversial, opinions on the relationships of the family became variable over subsequent decades. Williston created a revised taxonomy of plesiosaurs in a monograph on the osteology of reptiles (published posthumously in 1925). He provided a revised diagnosis of the Elasmosauridae; aside from the small head and long neck, he characterized elasmosaurids by their single-headed ribs; scapulae that meet at the midline; clavicles that are not separated by a gap; coracoids that are "broadly separated" in their rear half; short ischia; and the presence of only two bones (the typical condition) in the epipodialia (the "forearms" and "shins" of the flippers). He also removed several plesiosaurs previously considered to be elasmosaurids from this family due to their shorter necks and continuously meeting coracoids; these included Polycotylus and Trinacromerum (the Polycotylidae), as well as Muraenosaurus, Cryptoclidus, Picrocleidus, Tricleidus, and others (the Cryptoclididae).
|
|
Body farms subject donated cadavers to various environmental conditions to study the process of human decomposition. These include The University of Tennessee's Forensic Anthropologic Facility, Western Carolina Universities Osteology Research Station (FOREST), Texas State University's Forensic Anthropology Research Facility (FARF), Sam Houston State University's Southeast Texas Applied Forensic Science Facility (STAFS), Southern Illinois University's Complex for Forensic Anthropology Research, and Colorado Mesa University's Forensic Investigation Research Station. The Australian Facility for Taphonomic Experimental Research, near Sydney, is the first body farm located outside of the United States In The United Kingdom there are several facilities which, instead of using human remains or cadavers, use dead pigs to study the decomposition process. Pigs are less likely to have infectious diseases than human cadavers, and are more readily available without any concern for ethical issues, but a human body farm is still highly sought after for further research.
|
|
Fossil hominid evolution display at The Museum of Osteology, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, U.S.. During the 1960s and 1970s, hundreds of fossils were found in East Africa in the regions of the Olduvai Gorge and Lake Turkana. These searches were carried out by the Leakey family, with Louis Leakey and his wife Mary Leakey, and later their son Richard and daughter-in-law Meave, fossil hunters and paleoanthropologists. From the fossil beds of Olduvai and Lake Turkana they amassed specimens of the early hominins: the australopithecines and Homo species, and even Homo erectus. These finds cemented Africa as the cradle of humankind. In the late 1970s and the 1980s, Ethiopia emerged as the new hot spot of paleoanthropology after "Lucy", the most complete fossil member of the species Australopithecus afarensis, was found in 1974 by Donald Johanson near Hadar in the desertic Afar Triangle region of northern Ethiopia.
|
|
The academic history of physical anthropology at the UB began in 1920 with the first professor of this subject, Telesforo de Aranzadi y Unamuno (1860 - 1945), whose successor as chair, Santiago Alcobé (who had also been rector of the UB) was later substituted by Pons. Together with Pons, the researchers Miquel Fusté and Antoni Prevosti (who subsequently developed the study of genetics at the university) received their training at the Anthropology Department of the UB with Alcobé. Later, the Anthropology Department was integrated, together with that of zoology, into the present Department of Animal Biology. Both in his first stage as a researcher at the CSIC of the UB and later on during his period as chairman at different Spanish universities, Pons introduced Spain to the development of several lines of research in the field of anthropology, such as the osteology of populations, biodemography, molecular polymorphisms, somatology, and quantitative anthropology.
|
|
Van Tets received recognition for his studies on bird strike damage to aircraft, and later for his studies of the bird bones in the Australian National Wildlife Collection, including those of the extinct Tasman booby which he described scientifically in 1988, and became a specialist authority on the mutton bird and the cormorant family. Together with Michael Crowley, Chris Davey, Peter Fullagar, Ederic Slater, Petrus Heyligers and others, Van Tets helped to establish and maintain a long term ecological study on Montague Island, NSW. Van Tets served as compiler for the first four bird (Aves) volumes of the Zoological Catalogue of Australia and as a sub-editor for behaviour for the first three volumes of the Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. On retirement in 1988, Van Tets continued to work as a research fellow and as curator of osteology for the Australian National Wildlife Collection and the Faunal Reference Collection of the Prehistory Department of the Australian National University.
|
|
Lindgren (2009) did a comprehensive study on the cranial osteology of Plesiotylosaurus based on the holotype skull, LACM 2759, and another recently described cranial specimen, UCMP 137249. Though obviously closely related to Prognathodon and firmly placed within the Mosasaurinae, the skull of Plesiotylosaurus does have certain characteristics otherwise only found in the Tylosaurinae. These characteristics include having a solid, bony, rostrum at the tip of the snout and mandibles, a wide and virtually unconstricted internarial bar that arises from a transversely rectangular base on the posterior face of the dentigerous portion of the premaxilla, a maxillo- premaxillary suture that forms a relatively long junction between the tooth- bearing bones of the upper jaw, an anterior postorbitofrontal process that forms a broadly overlapping flange beneath the supraorbital wing of the prefrontal and an anterior mandibular channel that is developed into a long and narrow slit. Lindgren considered these shared characteristics to be an obvious example of convergent evolution.
|
|
Huene, 1932, "Die fossile Reptil-Ordnung Saurischia, ihre Entwicklung und Geschichte", Monographien zur Geologie und Palaeontologie, serie 1 4(1–2): 1–361 The name Teinurosaurus was largely forgotten or not even understood to be a synonym of Caudocoelus, until in 1969 John Ostrom revealed its priority. Ostrom also pointed out that Nopcsa had not provided a specific name.Ostrom, J.H., 1969, Osteology of Deinonychus antirrhopus, an Unusual Theropod from the Lower Cretaceous of Montana, Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 30, pp. 1–165 In 1978 George Olshevsky was the first to combine the two names, making Teinurosaurus sauvagei (von Huene 1932) Olshevsky 1978 vide Nopcsa 1928 emend. 1929 a valid species name.Olshevsky, G., 1978, "The Archosaurian Taxa (excluding the Crocodylia)", In: Mesozoic Meanderings 1, pp. 1–50 The holotype (originally catalogued MGB 500 now BHN2R 240) is a distal caudal vertebra, 152 millimetres long. A number of authors (e.g.
|
|
He wrote his master's thesis, The Separation of Arsenic and Antimony, and received his degree in June 1875. That December, he was appointed an instructor of physiological chemistry, replacing Preston B. Rose following the latter's dismissal as part of a growing controversy involving missing funds that would continue until 1881. He received his PhD in 1876 and wrote three theses: one entitled The Osteology and Myology of the Domestic Fowl, another on fossils, and a third again on the subject of arsenic and antimony. In September of that year he traveled to the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia and used the trip to purchase six new microscopes to replace the two useless ones previously available to students; having had no instruction in their use, he turned for help to an engineer of the commuter train between Jackson, Michigan, and Ann Arbor who was an amateur microscopist, and in turn trained his own students.
|
|
Additional work published by Luis Chiappe and Ursula Göhlich in 2010 found that Juravenator was most similar in anatomy to Compsognathus, and that it probably did belong to the Compsognathidae if that is actually a natural group. They also suggested that "compsognathids", including Juravenator, may form a grade of primitive coelurosaurs rather than a monophyletic clade. In 2011 Cristiano dal Sasso and Simone Maganuco published an analysis which recovered the Compsognathidae as a natural group and Juravenator belonging to it as a sister species of Sinosauropteryx.Cristiano dal Sasso & Simone Maganuco (2011) "Scipionyx samniticus (Theropoda: Compsognathidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Italy — Osteology, ontogenetic assessment, phylogeny, soft tissue anatomy, taphonomy and palaeobiology" Memorie della Società Italiana de Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano XXXVII(I): 1-281 However, a large analysis of coelurosaurs published in 2013 again found Juravenator to be a coelurosaur closely related to, but not a member of, the Compsognathidae.
|
|
This discovery further supports the hypothesis that large theropod dinosaurs were oviparous, meaning that they laid eggs and hence that embryonic development occurred outside the body of female dinosaurs. This discovery was made in 2005 by the Dutch amateur fossil-hunter Aart Walen at the Lourinhã Formation in Western Portugal, in fluvial overbank sediments that are considered to be from the Tithonian stage of the Jurassic Period, approximately 152 to 145 million years ago. This discovery is significant paleontologically for a number of reasons: (a) these are the most primitive dinosaur embryos known; (b) these are the only basal theropod embryos known; (c) fossilized eggs and embryos are rarely found together; (d) it represents the first evidence of a one-layered eggshell for theropod dinosaurs; and (e) it allows researchers to link a new eggshell morphology to the osteology of a particular group of theropod dinosaurs.Ricardo Araújo, Rui Castanhinha, Rui M. S. Martins, Octávio Mateus, Christophe Hendrickx, F. Beckmann, N. Schell & L. C. Alves (2013) Filling the gaps of dinosaur eggshell phylogeny: Late Jurassic Theropod clutch with embryos from Portugal.
|
|
The holotype, SBA-SA 163760, dates from the early Albian, about 110 million years old, and consists of an almost complete skeleton of a juvenile individual, lacking only the end of the tail, the lower legs and the claw of the right second finger. Extensive soft tissues have been preserved but no parts of the skin or any integument such as scales or feathers.Dal Sasso, C. and Signore, M., 1998, "Scipionyx samniticus (Theropoda: Coelurosauria) and its exceptionally well preserved internal organs", Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18 (3): 37A In view of the exceptional importance of the find, between December 2005 and October 2008 the fossil was intensively studied in Milan resulting in a monograph by dal Sasso and Simone Maganuco published in 2011,Cristiano dal Sasso & Simone Maganuco, 2011, Scipionyx samniticus (Theropoda: Compsognathidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Italy — Osteology, ontogenetic assessment, phylogeny, soft tissue anatomy, taphonomy and palaeobiology, Memorie della Società Italiana de Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano XXXVII(I): 1-281 containing the most extensive description of a single dinosaur species ever.
|
|
The holotype, YPM 1876, was found in a layer of the Upper Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation, dating from the Tithonian. It consists of a partial skeleton including a rather complete skull and lower jaws. Several other fossils from Wyoming have been referred to Dryosaurus altus. They include specimens YPM 1884: the rear half of a skeleton; AMNH 834: a partial skeleton lacking the skull from the Bone Cabin Quarry; and CM 1949: a rear half of a skeleton dug up in 1905 by William H. Utterback. From 1922 onwards in Utah, Earl Douglass discovered Dryosaurus remains at the Dinosaur National Monument. These include CM 11340: the front half of a skeleton of a very young individual; CM 3392: a skeleton with skull but lacking the tail; CM 11337: a fragmentary skeleton of a juvenile; and DNM 1016: a left ilium dug up by technician Jim Adams.Gilmore C.W., 1925, "Osteology of ornithopodous dinosaurs from the Dinosaur National Monument, Utah. Camptosaurus medius, Dryosaurus altus, Laosaurus gracilis", Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum 10: 385-409 Other fossils were found in Colorado.
|
|
He was author likewise of ornithological memoirs communicated to the Zoological Society, the Annals and Magazine of Natural History and the British Association. He also drew up the report, in 1842, of a committee appointed by the British Association to consider the rules of zoological nomenclature. This report is the earliest formal codification of the principle of priority, which represents the fundamental guiding precept that preserves the stability of biological nomenclature. Frontispiece of Strickland's 1848 book 'The Dodo and Its Kindred; or the History, Affinities, and Osteology of the Dodo, Solitaire, and Other Extinct Birds of the Islands Mauritius, Rodriguez, and Bourbon' He was one of the founders of the Ray Society, suggested in 1843 and established in 1844, the object being the publication of works on natural history which could not be undertaken by scientific societies or by publishers. For this society Strickland corrected, enlarged and edited the manuscript of Agassiz for the Bibliographia Zoologiae et Geologiae (1848). In 1845 he edited with J. Buckman a second and enlarged edition of Murchison's Outline of the Geology of the neighbourhood of Cheltenham.
|
|
478 pp It more likely belongs to some member of the Coelophysoidea or Neoceratosauria. It has also been established by Newman and confirmed by Roger Benson that the original left thigbone, GSM 109560, belonged to a theropod.Benson, R., 2010, "The osteology of Magnosaurus nethercombensis (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) of the United Kingdom and a re-examination of the oldest records of tetanurans", Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 8(1): 131-146 Restoration of the skeleton by O.C. Marsh, showing the long legs at the time presumed for Scelidosaurus The neotype skeleton had been uncovered in the Black Ven Marl or Woodstone Nodule Bed, marine deposits of the Charmouth Mudstone Formation, dating from the late Sinemurian stage, about 191 million years ago.Barrett, P.M. and Maidment, S.C.R., 2011, "Dinosaurs of Dorset: Part III, the ornithischian dinosaurs (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) with additional comments on the sauropods", Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society 132: 145–163 It consists of a rather complete skeleton with skull and lower jaws.
|
|