How to use nonspontaneous in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "nonspontaneous" and check conjugation/comparative form for "nonspontaneous". Mastering all the usages of "nonspontaneous" from sentence examples published by news publications.
In an electrolytic cell a current is passed through the cell by an external voltage, causing an otherwise nonspontaneous chemical reaction to proceed. In a galvanic cell the progress of a spontaneous chemical reaction causes an electric current to flow. An equilibrium electrochemical cell is at the state between an electrolytic cell and a galvanic cell. The tendency of a spontaneous reaction to push a current through the external circuit is exactly balanced by an external voltage that is called a counter electromotive force or counter e.m.f.
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Their hearing can be measured at the round window as cochlear microphonics and summating potential (of the cochlea), and compound action potential and single-fibre responses (of the auditory nerve). These indicate a best hearing range near 1000 Hz. Earlier reports that their hearing sensitivity varied with the season have been shown to be an artefact of the seasonally varying sensitivity to anesthetics. Single-unit recordings from the auditory nerve show both spontaneous and nonspontaneous responses. Tuning curves show peak sensitivity between 200 Hz and 4.5 kHz.
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The change of Gibbs free energy (ΔG) during an endergonic reaction is a positive value because energy is gained (2). In chemical thermodynamics, an endergonic reaction (also called a heat absorb nonspontaneous reaction or an unfavorable reaction) is a chemical reaction in which the standard change in free energy is positive, and an additional driving force is needed to perform this reaction. In layman's terms, the total amount of useful energy is negative (it takes more energy to start the reaction than what is received out of it) so the total energy is a negative net result. For an overall gain in the net result see exergonic reaction.
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H2(−2.23 V), Na+(−2.71 V), Li+(−3.05 V)). In a galvanic cell, where a spontaneous redox reaction drives the cell to produce an electric potential, Gibbs free energy ΔG° must be negative, in accordance with the following equation: :ΔG°cell = −nFE°cell where n is number of moles of electrons per mole of products and F is the Faraday constant, ~96485 C/mol. As such, the following rules apply: :If E°cell > 0, then the process is spontaneous (galvanic cell) :If E°cell < 0, then the process is nonspontaneous (electrolytic cell) Thus in order to have a spontaneous reaction (ΔG° < 0), E°cell must be positive, where: :E°cell = E°cathode − E°anode where E°anode is the standard potential at the anode and E°cathode is the standard potential at the cathode as given in the table of standard electrode potential.
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