"Acne on the jawline can often turn nodular or cystic," says Kerr.
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From 1978 to 2007, the number of nodular melanoma cases and survival rate remained unchanged.
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The cause was complications of nodular melanoma, said Mark Hosler, another founding member of the band.
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The team announced June 8 that Hal had been diagnosed with nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma.
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Nodular melanomas are also harder to diagnose because they don't fit the traditional ABCDEs of skin-cancer detection.
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They are slow and deliberate, each syllable occupying its own position along a nodular path like a video game skill tree.
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The 17-year-old high school student from McAllen, Texas, lost her hair during treatments for stage 2 nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma, according to BuzzFeed.
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Even though only 15 percent of melanomas are nodular, they account for 50 percent of melanoma deaths because they penetrate the skin faster to reach the lymph nodes than other skin cancers.
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The second type is an inflammatory pustule, which grows under the surface and is commonly injected, and there is also tcystic or nodular acne, which includes larger blemishes that can lead to scarring.
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She's also spending this summer traveling in Europe and the US. She now encourages people to learn about their family's melanoma history if possible, and educate themselves about nodular melanoma and the ugly duckling sign.
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It would take 22015 months and multiple doctors in three countries before the growth was correctly diagnosed as a nodular melanoma—an invasive, aggressive form of skin cancer that grows quickly, but can look like a mole or pimple.
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"It's a term used to describe normal breast tissue that is nodular or lumpy on palpation [a fancy term for examination by touch] of the breast," said Lauren Cornell, M.D., an internal medicine physician at the Robert and Monica Jacoby Center for Breast Health at Mayo Clinic.
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Completely removing melanomas before they grow deeper into the skin is a cure, but due to the challenges of diagnosing nodular melanoma, insufficient testing, and bureaucratic delays in the US healthcare system, Tarlie's melanoma had reached her lymph nodes by the time she was diagnosed in December 220.
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From a proper skin-care routine to prescription medication, here's everything Dr. Kluk prescribed one Refinery29 staffer for her acne, a case she describes as comedonal (small, flesh-colored bumps, inflammatory (red and irritated), and nodular (often large and painful) with most breakouts occurring on her chin and lower face.
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Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte predominant (low power view). Notice the nodular architecture and the areas of "mottling".(H&E;) Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte predominant (high power view). Notice the presence of L&H; cells, also known as "popcorn cells".
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The specific name is derived from Latin strumifer (meaning nodular) and refers to the lateral nodular process at the anterior two-fifths of the seventh abdominal segment in the female genitalia.
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Until recently, nodular fasciitis have been considered a reactive process of uncertain cause. However, recent findings indicate that nodular fasciitis is a self-limited clonal neoplastic process (see below). Clinically, nodular fasciitis presents as a subcutaneous "growth" over a period of 3–6 weeks that eventually regresses. The lesion usually reaches a size of 2–3 cm.
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The parasite is responsible for 'nodular tapeworm disease' in poultry.
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Clinically and histologically, nodular fasciitis may be mistaken for a sarcoma.
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VI, p. 9; 1879 The shell has a flat but nodular spire and shoulders.
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This shrunken, nodular texture has been dubbed the "hob-nail" or "cobble stone" effect.
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Nontoxic nodular goiter is an enlarged thyroid without hyperthyroidism. It is often present for years before toxic nodular goiter occurs. In the United States it is the most common cause of a large thyroid affecting between 3 and 5% of the population.
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Richard Lyons died on his 57th birthday, April 19, 2016, from complications of nodular melanoma.
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Furthermore, the proliferative marker, Ki67 is seen to be highly expressed in the secondary nodular hyperplastic state. Tumour suppressor genes have also been highlighted as being silenced or degraded in nodular hyperplastic parathyroid tissue. One such gene, p53, has been shown to regulate multiple tumour suppressor pathways and in tumorigenesis can be degraded by b-catenin. This pathway, in some aspect, is mediated by CACYBP, which is highly expressed in nodular parathyroid hyperplasia.
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Cutaneous lupus mucinosis (also known as "Papular and nodular mucinosis in lupus erythematosus," "Papular and nodular mucinosis of Gold," and "Papulonodular mucinosis in lupus erythematosus") is a cutaneous condition characterized by lesions that present as asymptomatic skin-colored, at times reddish, 0.5–2 cm papules and nodules.
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The Caballero Formation consists of nodular gray argillaceous limestone, which grades upward into nodular gray marl with shale lenses. It rests conformably on the Percha Shale and is overlain unconformably by the Lake Valley Limestone. The formation likely correlates with the Chouteau Limestone of the upper Mississippi valley.
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Histopathology of localized TGCT arising in hand finger. H&E; stain. Localized TGCT is sometimes referred to as localized pigmented villonodular synovitis (L-PVNS), giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCT-TS), nodular tenosynovitis, localized nodular tenosynovitis, and L-TGCT. The localized form of TGCT is more common.
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Neolasioptera nodulosa, the nodular stem gall midge, is a species of gall midges, insects in the family Cecidomyiidae.
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Micrograph of hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver biopsy. Trichrome stain. Macroscopically, liver cancer appears as a nodular or infiltrative tumor.
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There are two main types of Hodgkin lymphoma: classical Hodgkin lymphoma and nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. The prevalence of classical Hodgkin lymphoma and nodular lymphocyte Hodgkin lymphoma are approximately 90% and 10%, respectively. The morphology, phenotype, molecular features, and, therefore, the clinical behaviour and presentation of the two types differ.
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Anhydrite occurs in a tidal flat environment in the Persian Gulf sabkhas as massive diagenetic replacement nodules. Cross sections of these nodular masses have a netted appearance and have been referred to as chicken-wire anhydrite. Nodular anhydrite occurs as replacement of gypsum in a variety of sedimentary depositional environments.
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Progressive nodular histiocytoma is a cutaneous condition characterized by generalized, discrete yellow papules and nodules with prominent facial involvement.
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Atypical tuberous myxedema, also known as Jadassohn–Dosseker syndrome, is thought to represent a pure nodular variant of lichen myxedematosus.
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The most recent find was a spectacular nodular formation of green apophyllite on white petal-shaped stilbite, discovered last year.
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Gray matter heterotopia are common malformations of cortical development classed as neuronal migration disorders. Heterotopias are classed in two groups: nodular and diffuse. Nodular types are subependymal and subcortical; diffuse types are termed band heterotopias. Affected patients are generally divided into three groups, depending on the location of the formation: subependymal, subcortical, and band heterotopia.
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Nodular sclerosis (or "NSHL") is a form of Hodgkin's lymphoma that is the most common subtype of HL in developed countries. It affects females slightly more than males and has a median age of onset at ~28 years. It is composed of large tumor nodules with lacunar Reed–Sternberg cell (RS cells) surrounded by fibrotic collagen bands. The British National Lymphoma Investigation further categorized NSHL based upon Reed-Sternberg cells into "nodular sclerosis type I" (NS I) and "nodular sclerosis type II" (NS II), with the first subtype responding better to treatment.
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Episcleritis of a 40 years old female Symptoms of episcleritis typically include painless redness of the eye (mild pain is possible but atypical), and watery eyes. The pain of episcleritis is typically mild, less severe than in scleritis, and may be tender to palpation. There are two types of episcleritis: the diffuse type, where the redness involves the entire episclera, and the nodular type, where the redness appears more nodular, involving only a small, well-circumscribed area (sectoral). The diffuse type of episcleritis may be less painful than the nodular type.
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High-strength nodular cast iron with high fatigue resistance. Brands and mechanical properties (Standard of Belarus): STB 2544–2019. – Enter 10.01.2019.
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Although the president's ailment was unknown to the public at the time, Enrique records that he was suffering from nodular leprosy.
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This variant is also sometimes termed "plaque-like candidiasis" or "nodular candidiasis". The most common appearance of hyperplastic candidiasis is a persistent white plaque that does not rub off. The lesion may be rough or nodular in texture. Hyperplastic candidiasis is uncommon, accounting for about 5% of oral candidiasis cases, and is usually chronic and found in adults.
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A pattern of multiple small nodular metastases has been described as miliary carcinosis which has a radiographic appearance similar to miliary tuberculosis.
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Nodular episcleritis lesions have raised surface. Simple episcleritis lesions are flat. There are two subtypes. In diffuse simple episcleritis, inflammation is generalized.
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Rock from the quarry has been classified by the British Geological Survey as nodular micaceous sandy limestone, with some specimens containing forams.
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It is considered that about one-third of the lesions in this category may be acral variants of the entity, nodular fasciitis.
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Even though those conditions exist the liver still seems to perform in the normal range. Other types include nodular regenerative hyperplasia and hamartoma.
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The division manufactures basic, foundry and nodular grade pig iron and also sells slag. The annual production capacity is 250,000 tons per annum.
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Nodular lichen myxedematosus is a cutaneous condition characterized by multiple nodules on the limbs and trunk, with a mild or absent papular component.
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Prurigo nodularis (PN), also known as nodular prurigo, is a skin disease characterised by pruritic (itchy) nodules which usually appear on the arms or legs. Patients often present with multiple excoriated lesions caused by scratching. PN is also known as Hyde prurigo nodularis, Picker's nodules, atypical nodular form of neurodermatitis circumscripta, lichen corneus obtusus. Lichen simplex chronicus is a distinct clinical entity.
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High-strength nodular cast iron with high fatigue resistance. Brands and mechanical properties (Standard of Belarus): STB 2544–2019. – Enter 10.01.2019. – Minsk: GOSSTANDART, 2019.
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Nodular parenchyma is a small mass of tissue within a gland or organ that carries out the specialized functions of the gland or organ.
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Fresh crops of nodules appear in periphery of ulcer and ultimately break down. In nodular stage, pain is present; while it subsides in ulcerative stage.
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Progressive nodular histiocytosis is a cutaneous condition clinically characterized by the development of two types of skin lesions: superficial papules and deeper larger subcutaneous nodules.
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Ganglioneuroblastoma is a variant of neuroblastoma that is surrounded by ganglion cells. It can be difficult to diagnose. Nodular ganglioneuroblastoma can be divided by prognosis.
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Parathyroid hyperplasia high mag. Biochemically, there are changes in function between normal and nodular hyperplastic parathyroid glands. These changes involve proto-oncogene expression and activation of proliferative pathways while inactivating apoptotic pathways. In nodular parathyroid tissue increased expression of TGF-a, a growth factor, and EGFR, its receptor, results in aggressive proliferation and further downregulation of vitamin D receptors, which act to suppress hormone secretions.
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Often, this disease evolves from a precursor lesion, usually a dysplastic nevus. Otherwise it arises in previously normal skin. A prolonged radial growth phase, where the lesion remains thin, may eventually be followed by a vertical growth phase where the lesion becomes thick and nodular. As the risk of spread varies with the thickness, early SSM is more frequently cured than late nodular melanoma.
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Kankar or kunkur is a sedimentological term derived from Hindi, occasionally applied in India and the United States to detrital or residual rolled, often nodular calcium carbonate formed in soils of semi-arid regions. It forms sheets across alluvial plains and can occur as discontinuous lines of nodular kankar or as indurated layers in stratigraphic profiles more commonly referred to as calcrete, hardpan or duricrust.
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Injection of small sarcoids (usually around the eyes) with the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin and the immunomodulator BCG have also achieved some success.Pascoe and Knottenbelt. Equine sarcoids. pg. 251. In one trial, BCG was 69% effective in treating nodular and small fibroblastic sarcoids around the eye when repeatedly injected into the lesion and injection with cisplatin was 33% effective overall (mostly in horses with nodular sarcoids).
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It is a Geological Conservation Review site, and one succession of layers is the stratotype for the "Kensworth Nodular Chalk Member". There is no public access.
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Salpingitis isthmica nodosa (SIN), also known as diverticulosis of the Fallopian tube, is nodular thickening of the narrow part of the uterine tube, due to inflammation.
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A xanthelasma may be referred to as a xanthoma when becoming larger and nodular, assuming tumorous proportions. Xanthelasma is often classified simply as a subtype of xanthoma.
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87-89 Typical Toarcian sections of the Orava Succession are represented by condensed red marls, marly limestones, and/or red nodular limestones, being locally rich in ammonites.
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As-plated grains of amorphous nickel boron deposit in a columnar structure with the columns being perpendicular to the substrate surface and forming a nodular topography on the surface. Coating will contain 2.5–8% boron by weight. The nodular structure reduces surface-to-surface contact of two mating/sliding surfaces, thus reducing friction and improving heat dissipation. It is also claimed to reduces drag in both gas and liquid flows.
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Primary hyperplasia, usually resulting in diffuse polyclonal growth is manly related to reversible secondary hyperparathyroidism. Secondary hyperplasia of the parathyroid gland is more often a nodular, monoclonal growth that sustains secondary hyperparathyroidism and is the catalyst in the progression to tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Nodular hyperplastic glands in tertiary hyperparathyroidism are distinctly larger in both absolute size and weight up to 20-40-fold increases have been reported. Parathyroid hyperplasia medium mag.
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Nodular regenerative hyperplasia is a form of liver hyperplasia associated with portal hypertension. Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) is a rare liver condition characterized by a widespread benign transformation of the hepatic parenchyma into small regenerative nodules. NRH may lead to the development of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. There are no published systematic population studies on NRH and our current knowledge is limited to case reports and case series.
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Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a good non-invasive alternative to these other procedure. This technique demonstrates hepatic parenchyma and it's accurate for detecting nodular carcinomas and infiltrating lesions.
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Charles Edward McComas (2004): "Nodular nickel boron coating". US Patent 6782650. Granted on 2004-08-31, assigned to Universal Chemical Technologies. =Georgi G. Gavrilov (1979), Chemical (Electroless) Nickel-Plating.
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Ultrasound of malformed vessels within the fibrous scar of FNH. Liver tumor types by relative incidence in adults in the United States, with focal nodular hyperplasia at right.Table 37.2 in: Focal nodular hyperplasia's most recognizable gross feature is a central stellate scar seen in 60–70% of cases. Microscopically, a lobular proliferation of bland- appearing hepatocytes with a bile ductular proliferation and malformed vessels within the fibrous scar is the most common pattern.
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The formation comprises nodular to thinly bedded limestones, with variable development of reef bodies that can be found exposed at Wenlock Edge and in a small area near Dudley, England. The formation is made up of three different members which have been classified as the Lower Quarried Limestone Member, the Nodular Beds Member and the Upper Quarried Limestone Member.Dorning, K. J. 1983. Palynology and stratigraphy of the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation, Dudley, Central England.
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Finally, c-myc gene expression is relatively high in neoplasms, and it is often linked to poor prognosis. Bilateral adrenocortical tumors are less common than unilateral. The majority of bilateral tumours can be distinguished according to size and aspect of the nodules: primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, which can be sporadic or part of Carney complex, and primary bilateral macro nodular adrenal hyperplasia. Metastasis is most commonly to the liver and lung.
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The Viking Formation is composed of fine to coarse grained sandstone with interbeds of conglomerate and cherty conglomeratic sandstone. Nodular phosphorite, coal fragments and concretionary siderite occur in the coarse beds.
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The Keyser is a nodular limestone overlain by thick- and thin- bedded limestone and laminated limestone at its type locality in Keyser, West Virginia. In central Pennsylvania, the basal "calico" limestone is a fossiliferous, medium-light- to medium-gray very thick bedded calcilutite containing numerous small irregular patches of clear calcite. The abundantly fossiliferous, nodular limestone at the base overlies the "calico". Overlying this is 5 to 6 m of fragmental calcarenite containing abundant crinoid columnals.
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One reason for the increasing estimate is the growing population of GSD I patients surviving into adulthood, when most adenomas develop. Treatment standards dictate regular observation of the liver by MRI or CT scan to monitor for structural abnormalities. Hepatic adenomas may be misidentified as focal nodular hyperplasia in diagnostic imaging, though this condition is rare. However, hepatic adenomas in GSD I uniquely involve diffuse Mallory hyaline deposition, which is otherwise commonly observed in focal nodular hyperplasia.
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Polypoid melanoma is a rare cutaneous condition, a virulent variant of nodular melanoma.Polypoid melanoma is a subtype of nodular melanoma, the most aggressive form of melanoma (a skin cancer). Polypoid melanoma, like all types of melanoma, starts in the cells that make melanin, which is the protective pigment that gives skin color. Polypoid melanoma is most commonly found on the torso but may be found in unexpected places like the nasal mucous membranes and the rectum.
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The 2008 study reported that PDT was a good treatment option for primary superficial BCCs and reasonable for primary low-risk nodular BCCs but a "relatively poor" option for high-risk lesions.
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Males are shorter and smaller, with straight blunt tails, while females are bigger and longer, with curved tails. They all exhibit direct lifecycles. They cause nodular typhlitis, diarrhoea, emaciation, and death.Kaufmann, J (1996).
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Micromonospora chokoriensis is an endophytic actinomycete first isolated from sandy soil in Bangladesh; it produces single, non-motile nodular spore surfaces. Its type strain is 2-19(6)T (=JCM 13247T =MTCC 8535T).
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He gets credit for helping establish the accuracy and safety of thyroid FNA biopsy in the management of thyroid nodular disease. His seminal study published in NEJM in 1987 was a landmark report that challenged the conventional wisdom that long-term thyroid hormone therapy shrinks thyroid nodules. This report initially sparked considerable controversy but, when confirmed by others, eventually changed medical practice and thyroid hormones are no longer used to suppress benign nodular goiters (Annals 1998; Endocrinology & Metabolism Clinics of North America 2007).
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Bone marrow involvement in this disease is often present, but to a variable extent. Bone marrow biopsy is commonly used for diagnosis. The lymphocytic infiltrate is usually interstitial, but a nodular pattern rarely occurs.
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Cure rate for nodular basal cell cancer is higher than for infiltrative basal cell cancer. Essentially, all the prognostic factors that apply to Mohs surgery and standard surgical excision will also apply to EDC.
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Defecation occurs in set locations. Life expectancies may be up to 20–25 years. Parapoxvirus is common, though rarely fatal; infection causes papular and nodular lesions. There have been epidemics of contagious pustular dermatitis.
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PTGC is treated by excisional biopsy and follow-up. It may occasionally recur and in a small proportion of patients has been reported to subsequently develop Hodgkin lymphoma (usually nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma).
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MCL cell types can aid in prognosis in a subjective way. Blastic is a larger cell type. Diffuse is spread through the node. Nodular are small groups of collected cells spread through the node.
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Micromonospora coxensis is an endophytic actinomycete first isolated from sandy soil in Bangladesh; it produces single, non-motile nodular spore surfaces. Its type strain is 2-30-b(28)T (=JCM 13248T =MTCC 8093T).
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Small lymphocytic lymphomas are composed of nodular structures with small- to medium-sized malignant cells surrounding immature lymphocytes and immunoblasts. The malignant cells in this disease, unlike FL, stain positive for CD5 and CD23.
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Infantile digital fibromatosis usually occurs as a small, asymptomatic, nodular, dermal fibrous proliferation at the extensor or lateral surface of a finger or toe.Freedberg, et al. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. (6th ed.).
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The whorls increase rapidly in size on this very narrow shell. The nodular axials are more or less restricted to the periphery. The subsutural fold is obsolete. There are 21–22 strong nodules per whorl.
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Arvika has several heavy industrial production facilities which employ the majority of the population, among these Thermia, Volvo Construction Equipment (Wheel loaders), Arvika Gjuteri (nodular and grey iron foundry) and Coffee Queen, a coffee machine factory.
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It usually appears as a solitary nodular lesion on the acral areas of the extremities, particularly the palms and soles.James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. (10th ed.). Saunders.
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While the histological features of THRLBCL are distinctly different that those found in other DLBCL subtypes, they can closely resemble, and be mistaken for, those found in the variant form of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Some important histological features that favor the diagnosis of THRLBCL over NLPHL include the presence of: 1) <10% neoplastic B-cells; 2) CD163-expressing histiocytes (cases of THRLBCL in which histiocytes are absent appear to take a less aggressive course than cases in which these cells are present); 3) a diffuse rather than nodular cell infiltration pattern with any nodular infiltrates present in THRLBCL containing follicular dendritic cells; 5) PD-1-, CD4-, and CD57-expressing T-cells; 6) cells strongly expressing the BAT3/BAG6 ubiquitin domain- containing protein; and 7) few or no small lymphocytes, variant Hodgkin i.e. popcorn and Reed-Sternberg cells.
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Bobfergusonite occurs as equant anhedral single crystals up to in size or as nodular aggregates of few crystals.Ercit, p. 600. The mineral varies in color from green-brown to red- brown. Thin fragments of bobfergusonite are transparent.
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Multinodular disease is characterized by the formation of many tiny nodular lesions containing worms and pus along the colon wall. About 15% of patients have this form of oesophagostomiasis.GIDEON Infectious Diseases – Diseases (oesophagostomiasis). GIDEON Infectious Disease Database.
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Surgical excision is usually curative. Intralesional application of steroids has been used to induce regression. Because recurrence is rare, even when there is incomplete excision, in case of recurrence initial diagnosis of nodular fasciitis should be revisited.
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Additionally, some researchers separate out lymphomas that appear to result from other immune system disorders, such as AIDS-related lymphoma. Classic Hodgkin's lymphoma and nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma are now considered forms of B-cell lymphoma.
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After an interlude of grey, nodular, goniatite-bearing limestones, the Upper Cherts were deposited during the Viséan—grey or green cherts sometimes interlayered with pyroclastics and ending with grey nodular limestones. The Mississippian later on changes into the nearly 1000 m thick detrital, syn-orogenic sediments of the Kulm–facies. An exception are the western Pyrenees, where, during the Serpukhovian, dark grey, laminated limestones precede the Kulm. The diachronous Kulm sediments are a flysch-like (turbidites) interlayering of sandstones and dark shales—harbingers of the Variscan tectonic movements.
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Like similar irons with the carbon formed into spherical or nodular shapes, malleable iron exhibits good ductility. Incorrectly considered by some to be an "old" or "dead" material, malleable iron still has a legitimate place in the design engineer's toolbox. Malleable iron is a good choice for small castings or castings with thin cross sections (less than 0.25 inch, 6.35 mm). Other nodular irons produced with graphite in the spherical shape can be difficult to produce in these applications, due to the formation of carbides from the rapid cooling.
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Cyrtospirifer verneuili is an extinct brachiopod, fossilized in the reserve. Under the Famennian, the Frasnian consists, from top to bottom, of nodular gray shale, and mica rich in fossils such as Cyrtospirifer verneuili, Spirigera concentrica, Atrypa reticularis, Orthis striatula, Productus subaculeatus, and Acervularia pentagona. Below this are gray limestone-built beds, rich in corals such as Phacellophyllum caespitosum, Thamnopora boloniensis, alternating with black shale and nodular limestone containing Cyrtospirifer verneuilli and Phacellophyllum caespitosum. These beds issue from siltation of the biostromes present in the Frasnian epoch, 370 million years ago.
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A special type of Reed–Sternberg cell (RSC) is the lacunar histiocyte, whose cytoplasm retracts when fixed in formalin, so the nuclei give the appearance of cells that lie with empty spaces (called lacunae) between them. 8th edition. These are characteristic of the nodular sclerosis subtype of Hodgkin lymphoma. Mummified RSCs (compact nucleus, basophilic cytoplasm, no nucleolus) are also associated with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma while popcorn cells (small cell with hyper-lobulated nucleus and small nucleoli) are lymphohistiocytic (L-H) variant of Reed Sternberg cells and are associated with nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL).
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When the patient lies on their side for a strenuous amount of time, they can develop axillary nerve palsy. This rare complication of labor can occur due to the prolonged pressure on the axillary nerve while in a side-birth position. Some patients who are diagnosed with nodular fasciitis may develop axillary nerve palsy if the location of the rapid growth is near the axilla. In the case of Nodular Fasciitis, a fibrous band or the growth of a schwannoma can both press against the nerve, causing axillary nerve palsy.
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Janeway lesions are rare, non-tender, small erythematous or haemorrhagic macular, papular or nodular lesions on the palms or soles only a few millimeters in diameter that are associated with infective endocarditis and often indistinguishable from Osler's nodes.
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Since treatment of the variant form of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma using different and less aggressive drug regimens achieves better results than the regimens used to treat THRLBCL, it is clinically important to distinguish the two diseases.
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Though these lesions may resemble nodular melanoma, the lack of induration, slow growth, and lightening appearance upon diascopy suggest against it, and indicate a vascular lesion.Wolff and Johnson. Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas and Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology. The McGraw-Hill Companies. 2005.
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Episcleritis is a benign, self-limiting condition, meaning patients recover without any treatment. Most cases of episcleritis resolve within 7–10 days. The nodular type is more aggressive and takes longer to resolve. Although rare, some cases may progress to scleritis.
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Calcitonin assay is used in identifying patients with nodular thyroid diseases. It is helpful in making an early diagnosis of medullary carcinoma of thyroid. A malignancy of the parafollicular cells, i.e. Medullary thyroid cancer, typically produces an elevated serum calcitonin level.
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They appear in nodular patches, concentrated along bedding planes, protruding from weathered cliffsides, randomly distributed over mudhills or perched on soft pedestals. Small hematite concretions or Martian spherules have been observed by the Opportunity rover in the Eagle Crater on Mars.
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Axial folds pass through the entire surface of the shell and become very prominent and nodular between the two depressions; They are crossed by four decurrent cords that are spaced apart and that restrict the square alveoli. The upper depression persists on the body whorl, as well as the row of nodular axial folds, but these become narrower soon, and become of the same size as the cords. They form with them a regular lattice which ceases only close to the base of the shell where the cords remain alone. The aperture is widely open and is not narrow at the base.
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Sonographic imaging and ultrasound were used to examine two cases of oesophagostomiasis in the Nalerigu hospital in northern Ghana. The technology allowed for the detection of intestinal and abdominal wall modules, as well as their size, type and location in the case of the ultrasound. Multinodular disease was representedby nodular colonic lesions and pseudokidney appearances, while the single-nodular Dapaong tumor had the appearance of an echo-free lumen surrounded by a defined but badly reflective wall. The ability to diagnose oesophagostomiasis via ultrasound can reduce the number of excessive invasive surgeries and put greater emphasis on chemotherapy.
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The M3 motorway cutting through the southern limb of the anticline. The fold is around long, running from north of Michelmersh near the River Test to East Meon in the valley of the River Meon. In the Winchester area the core of the anticline has been eroded to expose the older Cenomanian Zig Zag Chalk formation in Chilcomb and Bar End (the 'Lower chalk'). This is surrounded by progressively younger rings of the Turonian Holywell Nodular Chalk and New Pit Chalk Formation (the 'Middle chalk') and the Coniacian Lewes Nodular Chalk and Santonian Seaford Chalk Formation ('Upper chalk').
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They usually come in clusters such as linear arrays. Less frequently, urticarial, nodular, or sometimes annular lesions may be appreciated. The dorsal aspect of the hands, face, elbows, and extensor portions of the extremities are most frequently affected. Mucosal lesions are absent.
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In radiology, Canga's bead symptom is the irregular appearance of uterus and nodular structures in tuba uterina observed in patients with genital tuberculosis.Canga, S: Kadýn Hastalýklarý Jinekoloji. Ankara, 1971. It is named for Serif Canga (1906 - 1993), a Turkish Gynecologist, in 1971.
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"Armasteel" referred to its "locking ball" cast-iron, as opposed to the "flaking" type found in other engines. In 1967, Pontiac out of concerns the public misunderstood the engineering terms, went to a nodular cast iron crankshaft, which they used until 1975.
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Data on the geology and mineralogy of the manganese ore deposit of Úrkút II. Acta Mineral. Petrogr., Szeged, 17, 89–114. Late Pliensbachian strata is composed by nodular and cherty red limestone with abundant ammonites and brachiopods, that belong to the Isztimér Formation.Dulai, A. (2003).
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Nodular fasciitis, is a benign soft tissue lesion most commonly found in the superficial fascia. The lesion commonly occurs in the first three decades of life. Upper extremities and trunk are the most common affected anatomical areas. Previous history of trauma may be present.
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Eunoe nodosa and E. oerstedi are very similar and both species occur in the same regions. The two species differ in the ornamentation of the elytra, which are covered with very small nodular tubercles in E. nodosa while in E. oerstedi the tubercles are spiny.
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Eunoe nodosa and E. oerstedi are very similar and both species occur in the same regions. The two species differ in the ornamentation of the elytra, which are covered with very small nodular tubercles in E. nodosa while in E. oerstedi the tubercles are spiny.
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Clubbing is observed in 50% of patients. Tachypnea, respiratory distress, and inspiratory crackles over lower lung fields often are present. On chest radiographs, progressive fibrotic changes with loss of lung volume particularly affect the upper lobes. Nodular or ground-glass opacities are not present.
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EBV+ lymphomatoid granulomatosis (EBV+ LG, also termed lymphomatoid granulomatosis [LG]) is a rare disease that involves malignant B cells and reactive, non-malignant T cells; it is almost always EBV+. This LPD occurs primarily in middle aged males (male:female ratio 2:1). EBV+ LG usually (~90% of cases) presents as a lung disorder with coughing, hemoptysis, shortness of breath, and chest X-rays showing multiple nodular lesions at the base of both lungs. It may also evidence signs and symptoms caused by nodular or infiltrative lesions in the skin, central nervous system, kidney, liver, and/or peripheral nervous system, At presentation the disease usually does not involve lymph nodes.
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FIGURE 6. Selected images from a biphasic CT of Focal Nodular Hyperplasia in the left hepatic lobe (arrow). These masses have characteristic early arterial enhancement (6a) with contrast wash out on the portal venous phase images (6b) from the mass making these lesions difficult to identify on portal venous phase images alone. When evaluating hepatic masses, it can be advantageous to have both late arterial and portal venous phase images (biphasic imaging, figure 4) since some tumors enhance briskly during the arterial phase (hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic adenoma, follicular nodular hyperplasia (FNH), and hypervascular metastasis), but may be occult or difficult to characterize on portal venous phase imaging alone (figure 6).
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The axial ribs are slightly nodular by groups of widely spaced spiral ridges. These ribs are strong and rather straight, initially numbering about 10 per whorl and increasing to 17–20 on the penultimate whorl.KIlburn RN (1985), Turridae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of southern Africa and Mozambique. Part 2.
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Some nodules can actually disappear over time, but other times, they can grow larger making prediction of nodular size difficult to predict. Treatment also can be quite difficult, but surgical removal and injection of corticosteroids have both shown good results towards the treatment for rheumatoid nodules.
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The size of an adult shell varies between 50 mm and 136 mm. The spire is obsoletely tuberculate or smooth and rather depressed. The thick shell has nodular shoulders of whorls. The body whorl is bordered by a broad shoulder and is spirally ridged at the base.
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Phenoxyethanol is a vaccine preservative and potential allergen, which may result in a nodular reaction at the site of injection. It reversibly inhibits NMDAR-mediated ion currents. Ingestion may cause central nervous system and respiratory depression, vomiting and diarrhea in infants, particularly when combined with chlorphenesin.
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Third, there may be a pattern of nodular deposits of tumor on cranial and spinal nerve roots, frequently without tumor cells being shed into the cerebrospinal fluid. The first and third patterns are common in solid tumors whereas the second occurs most frequently with leukemia and lymphoma.
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The species is by itself or scattered in mixed forests. The species can commonly be found under lodgepole pines or other two- needle pines. It is rarely found under jack pines. Suillus tomentosus forms tuberculate ectomycorrhizae (mycorrhizae that are nodular) with lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia).
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Crocodylidpoxvirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Poxviridae, in the subfamily Chordopoxvirinae. Crocodiles serve as natural hosts. There is currently only one species in this genus: the type species Nile crocodilepox virus. Diseases associated with this genus include: nodular skin lesions in young animals.
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The Outram Formation formed as a shallow and at times emergent marine shelf along the western shoreline of the North American Craton during Early Ordovician time. It consists primarily of nodular limestone, calcareous quartzose siltstone, limestone pebble-conglomerate, and brown shale. Nodules of grey chert occur throughout the formation.
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The protozoa are transmitted by the bite of the insect vector. The sporozoites migrate to the liver where they typically form merocysts within the liver parenchyma. These may also develop in the spleen and lungs. Macroscopically these may appear as white to gray nodular foci within the tissue.
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Similar in form to Iris attica, or Iris imbricata.Basak Gardner & Chris Gardner It may also be related to Iris taochia but it is smaller, with different leaves. It has nodular, fibrous and well branched rhizomes.British Iris Society (1997) That creep across the soil to create small clumps of plants.
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Vasitis nodosa is a complication experienced in approximately 66% of men who undergo vasectomy. It is a benign nodular thickening of the vas deferens, in which small offshoots proliferate, infiltrating surrounding tissue. It can be mistaken for low-grade adenocarcinoma by pathologists, and is implicated in late vasectomy failure.
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Signs and symptoms include fever, chills, sweating, malaise, weakness, anorexia, weight loss, splenomegaly, flu-like feeling, cardiac murmur, heart failure, petechia (red spots on the skin), Osler's nodes (subcutaneous nodules found on hands and feet), Janeway lesions (nodular lesions on palms and soles), and Roth's spots (retinal hemorrhages).
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It commonly splits to form a double layer with localised areas of a marl complex up to 2 cm thick. Separating the upper and lower Wootton Marls is white chalk, containing discrete nodular flints up to 40 cm thick.Chidlaw N. (); The Valley, Wold Newton, Site Report, Gloucestershire Geology Trust.
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It has a thick rhizome, which is up to 3 cm thick and nodular. It has the fibrous remains of last seasons leaves, on top of the rhizome. It has falcate (sickle-shaped), blue- grey, or grey. It has a slender stem, that can grow up to between tall.
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Devonian nodular limestone Concretionary nodular limestone at Jinshitan Coastal National Geopark, Dalian, China In sedimentology and geology, a nodule is a small, irregularly rounded knot, mass, or lump of a mineral or mineral aggregate that typically has a contrasting composition, such as a pyrite nodule in coal, a chert nodule in limestone, or a phosphorite nodule in marine shale, from the enclosing sediment or sedimentary rock. Normally, a nodule has a warty or knobby surface and exists as a discrete mass within the host strata. In general, they lack any internal structure except for the preserved remnants of original bedding or fossils. Nodules are closely related to concretions and sometimes these terms are used interchangeably.
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The Perdrix Formation was deposited in a marine basin and consists primarily of black, bituminous shales. The upper portion includes nodules and thin nodular beds of argillaceous limestone that increase in frequency upwards and laterally toward the reefs of the Cairn Formation.Glass, D.J. (editor) 1997. Lexicon of Canadian Stratigraphy, vol.
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In some instances nodular angiokeratomas can produce necrotic tissue and valleys that can harbor fungal, bacterial and viral infections. Infections can include staphylococcus. If the lesion becomes painful, begins draining fluids or pus, or begins to smell, consult a physician. In these instance a doctor may recommend excision and grafting.
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Lupus vulgaris (also known as tuberculosis luposa) are painful cutaneous tuberculosis skin lesions with nodular appearance, most often on the face around the nose, eyelids, lips, cheeks, ears and neck. It is the most common Mycobacterium tuberculosis skin infection. The lesions may ultimately develop into disfiguring skin ulcers if left untreated.
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In 1959 the G12 was redesigned and modernised as the De Luxe with a new full cradle tubular duplex frame and a new cylinder head. Vibration had always been a problem, so the crankshaft was upgraded to nodular iron. Capable of performance, the G12 became popular with the American market.
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While episcleritis is a common disease, its exact prevalence and incidence are unknown. It typically affects young or middle aged women. The diffuse form of episcleritis (70%) is more common than the nodular form (30%). One retrospective study found 28 percent of individuals with episcleritis experienced recurrent episodes of the disease.
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Chromite in podiform deposits form as anhedral grains. The ores seen in this type of deposit have nodular texture and are loosely-packed nodules with a size range of 5–20 mm. Other minerals that are seen in podiform deposits are olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, pargasite, Na-mica, albite, and jadeite.
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Port-wine stain on leg. Capillary malformations involve the capillaries, and are the most common type. They used to refer only to port-wine stains but now include others. Capillary malformations are limited to the superficial layers of the skin but they can thicken, become nodular, and sometimes become disfiguring.
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Various primary and secondary peritoneal conditions present with spectrum of imaging features. Analysis of peritoneal involvement patterns are helpful in narrowing down the differential diagnosis. Peritoneal carcinomatosis should be considered if ascites present with irregular peritoneal thickening, nodular omental and peritoneal deposits, omental caking. Attempt should be made to search for primary site.
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Rarely other manifestations can be seen on CT scans, including military nodular opacities, perihilar opacities (that mimic hilar lymphadenopathy), pleural effusions and pulmonary masses. Cavitation and aspergilloma are rarer findings, not exceeding 20% of patients, and likely represent a shift from ABPA to CPA if accompanied by pleural thickening or fibrocavitary disease.
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They are limited at the top by clear decurrent striae. The nodular folds disappear on the third part of the penultimate whorl, and there exists no traceof them on the body whorl. The surface is decorated with barely visible sigmoid growth lines. The body whorl occupies half the height tor of the shell.
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Carbadox is indicated for control of swine dysentery (vibrionic dysentery, bloody scours, or hemorrhagic dysentery); control of bacterial swine enteritis (salmonellosis or necrotic enteritis caused by Salmonella enterica); aid in the prevention of migration and establishment of large roundworm (Ascaris suum) infections; aid in the prevention of establishment of nodular worm (Oesophagostomum) infections.
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Sometimes chronic form is also seen with severe emaciation, anaemia, rough coat, mucosal oedema, thickened duodenum and oedema in the sub maxillary space. The terminally sick animals lie prostrate on the ground, completely emaciated until they die. In buffalos, severe haemorrhage was found to be associated with liver cirrhosis and nodular hepatitis.
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The most common endocrine gland manifestation is an ACTH-independent Cushing's syndrome due to primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD). The LAMB acronym refers to lentigines, atrial myxomas, and blue nevi. NAME refers to nevi, atrial myxoma, myxoid neurofibromas, and ephelides. Testicular cancer, particularly Sertoli cell type, is associated with Carney syndrome.
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In common with a number of other genera in the Restionaceae, restios are widely cultivated for use a garden ornamentals for their attractive nodular foliage and mild frost hardiness. ; Species Many species formerly included within the genus Restio are now classified into a number of other genera including Acion, Baloskion, and Eurychorda.
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Scleritis can be classified as anterior scleritis and posterior scleritis. Anterior scleritis is the most common variety, accounting for about 98% of the cases. It is of two types : Non-necrotising and necrotising. Non-necrotising scleritis is the most common, and is further classified into diffuse and nodular type based on morphology.
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Beneath the surface of the district of Jaunpur, is a thick mantle consisting of the quaternary sediments (silt, sand and clay) of the Ganga river system. Below is vindhya range bedrock. Mineral deposits are rare but there is limestone as a conglomerate kanker in nodular and block forms. The limestone can be used in building.
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Robbins Basic Pathology (8th ed.). Saunders Elsevier. pp. 516-522 Persons with these findings, if they have a positive tuberculin skin test reaction, should be considered high-priority candidates for treatment of latent infection regardless of age. Conversely, calcified nodular lesions (calcified granuloma) pose a very low risk for future progression to active tuberculosis.
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Diffuse and nodular are similar in behavior. Blastic is faster growing and it is harder to get long remissions. Some thought is that given a long time, some non-blastic MCL transforms to blastic. Although survival of most blastic patients is shorter, some data shows that 25% of blastic MCL patients survive to 5 years.
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In 1959 the Model 31 was redesigned and modernised as the De Luxe with a new full cradle tubular duplex frame and a new cylinder head. Vibration had always been a problem, so the crankshaft was upgraded to nodular iron. Capable of 100 mph performance, the AJS Model 31 became popular with the American market.
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Sabourin served in hospitals of Paris. He specialized in medical research and therapy, receiving recognition for his work involving lung anatomy and pathology. Subsequently, he opened a sanatorium in Durtol for treating patients with tuberculosis and pulmonary tuberculosis. He was first physician to provide a comprehensive description of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver.
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Non-homogenous leukoplakia is a lesion of non-uniform appearance. The color may be predominantly white or a mixed white and red. The surface texture is irregular compared to homogenous leukoplakia, and may be flat (papular), nodular or exophytic. "Verrucous leukoplakia" (or "verruciform leukoplakia") is a descriptive term used for thick, white, papillary lesions.
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As of 2001, only one case of MPS IX () had been reported. The disorder results from hyaluronidase deficiency. Symptoms included nodular soft-tissue masses located around joints, with episodes of painful swelling of the masses and pain that ended spontaneously within 3 days. Pelvic radiography showed multiple soft-tissue masses and some bone erosion.
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That specimen was first illustrated in Sir Roderick Impey Murchison's classic book, The Silurian System. B. variolaris was the original "strawberry-headed" trilobite of Dudley, so-named because of its nodular glabellar tubercles, and well known to early trilobite collectors. Additional species were originally assigned to Balizoma, but were subsequently placed in other encrinurine genera.
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The District of Murshidabad has an area of . It is divided into two nearly equal portions by the Bhagirathi, the ancient channel of the Ganges. The tract to the west, known as the Rarh, consists of hard clay and nodular limestone. The general level is high, but interspersed with marshes and seamed by hill torrents.
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Nodular density is used to distinguish larger lung tumors, smaller infiltrates or masses with other accompanying characteristics. An often used formal radiological definition is the following: a single lesion in the lung completely surrounded by functional lung tissue with a diameter less than 3 cm and without associated pneumonia, atelectasis (lung collapse) or lymphadenopathies (swollen lymph nodes).
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These cells also contain prominent cytoplasmic adipose. Upon onset of hyperplasia these cells are described as having a nodular pattern with enlargement of protein synthesis machinery such as the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. Increased secretory vesicles are seen and decreased intercellular fat is characteristic. Oxyphil cells also appear hyperplasic however, these cells are much less prominent.
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In the Big Bend National Park area, the formation is divided into three informal members. The lowest is of hard microgranular grayish-white limestone that breaks with a conchoidal fracture. The middle member is about of an argillaceous or marly nodular grayish-white limestone. The upper member is up to of limestone similar to the lower member.
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In fact, the changes that develop during this stage are irreversible. The fatty change subsides and is replaced by fibrosis (scarring) and some chronic inflammation. No doubt the retreat of fatty change and the shrinking effect of scar tissue is responsible for the over-all decrease in liver size. In the final stage, the liver becomes lumpy (nodular).
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Quite distinctive are banded pink to red, blue or green limestones and nodular limestones, the so-called griottes of the lower Famennian. Calcareous shales and black shales also occur. The Lochkovian consists of black shales and limestones and is very rich in conodonts. During the Pragian, a siliciclastic wedge formed, the San Silvestre Quartzite of the Basibé Formation.
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Their growth is slow to begin with, and progresses to a stable size. They show a high rate of spontaneous regression, particularly in congenital and early-onset cases. They typically have a deep nodular component sometimes extending into the subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and muscle, and can sometimes be painful. Tufted angiomas are associated with arteriovenous malformations.
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The SD-455 consisted of a strengthened cylinder block that included four-bolt main bearings and added material in various locations for improved strength. Original plans called for a forged crankshaft, although actual production SD455s received nodular iron crankshafts with minor enhancements. Forged rods and forged aluminum pistons were specified, as were unique high-flow cylinder heads.
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The differential of TO includes amyloidosis, which is typically circumferential, papillomatosis, though this usually occurs in younger patients and can cause lung cavitation when disseminated, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, though this is circumferential as well and often involves distal lung cavitation as well. Relapsing polychondritis can also spare the posterior wall, though it is not typically nodular in appearance.
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There are nine nodes on penultimate whorl, nodes becoming inconspicuous on the body whorl. Above the peripheral nodes, the surface is smooth except for faint spiral cords and strongly curved lines marking the anal sinus. Below the nodular periphery are four or five spiral cords. On the body whorl, such cords extend over the entire base.
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Shell presents large and strong reaching sizes between 7–11 cm, with 4 or 5 lap varices, varices these are simple, nodular and obtuse, siphonal canal wide and curved. The mouth has colors that can vary from yellow, orange and red and the inner lip is nodulated at the base.Warmke, Germaine L. & Abbott, R Tucker. 1961. Caribbean Seashells.
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The Skaugum Tunnel is a long tunnel with a cross-section varying between . It carries the double-tracked Asker Line between Asker Station and Solstad. The tunnel runs mostly through Cambrian-Silurian sedimentary slate, nodular limestone and shale, with local occurrences of Permian igneous rock. The line is electrified at and allows for maximum speeds of .
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Approximately 90% of fibroadenomas are less than 3 cm in diameter. However, these tumors have the potential to grow reaching a remarkable size, particularly in young individuals. The tumor is round or ovoid, elastic, and nodular, and has a smooth surface. The cut surface usually appears homogenous and firm, and is grey-white or tan in colour.
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Postmortem examination may also reveal small, white, and threadlike worms less than 3 cm in length in the lung tissue. Postmortem examination will also reveal nodular lesions 2 centimeters in length in the lungs; the nodules may be filled with white pus. The presence of eggs on fecal samples can also confirm an M. capillaris infections.
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Diagnosis is confirmed with blood tests for TSH, T4, and antithyroid autoantibodies. Other conditions that can produce similar symptoms include Graves’ disease and nontoxic nodular goiter. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is typically treated with levothyroxine. If hypothyroidism is not present, some may recommend no treatment, while others may treat to try to reduce the size of the goiter.
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Slower cooling forms microscopic crystals in the lava and results in textures such as flow foliations, spherulitic, nodular, and lithophysal structures. Some rhyolite is highly vesicular pumice. Many eruptions of rhyolite are highly explosive and the deposits may consist of fallout tephra/tuff or of ignimbrites. Eruptions of rhyolite are relatively rare compared to eruptions of less felsic lavas.
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289-297 The geology of the area is particularly interesting. The coastline in the area is formed from rocks and shingle with exposed cliffs behind. The Middle White Oolite of the Osmington Oolite more visible to the west has descended to beach level here. At the middle of the cliff, there is nodular rubble consisting of calcitized sponge spicules.
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The size of an adult shell can vary between 30 mm and 150 mm. The flattish spire is nodular. The outer lip flares towards posterior. In this species, the distinctive, reticulated colour pattern can range from black with white dots, to orange with white reticulations, so arranged as to expose the white in rounded triangular large spots.
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The formation is divided into two informal members. The lower member is mostly calcareous shale with some interbedded fine sandstone and nodular limestone, while the upper member is fossiliferous medium-gray limestone interbedded with tan shale. The two sections are and thick. The formation lies conformably on the Finlay Limestone and is conformably overlain by the Smeltertown Formation.
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Typically the form is vein or fracture filling, nodular, or botryoidal in habit. Stalactite forms have been reported. Turquoise may also pseudomorphously replace feldspar, apatite, other minerals, or even fossils. Odontolite is fossil bone or ivory that has historically been thought to have been altered by turquoise or similar phosphate minerals such as the iron phosphate vivianite.
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Findings of tenderness, induration, pain and/or erythema along the course of a superficial vein usually establish a clinical diagnosis, especially in patients with known risk factors. In addition, there is often a palpable, sometimes nodular cord, due to thrombus within the affected vein. Persistence of this cord when the extremity is raised suggests the presence of thrombus.
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Erythema nodosum is diagnosed clinically. A biopsy can be taken and examined microscopically to confirm an uncertain diagnosis. Microscopic examination usually reveals a neutrophilic infiltrate surrounding capillaries that results in septal thickening, with fibrotic changes in the fat around blood vessels. A characteristic microscopic finding is radial granulomas, well-defined nodular aggregates of histiocytes surrounding a stellate cleft.
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The histopathologic characteristics of melanoma in FAMMM kindreds are not different from those seen in sporadic cases of melanoma and, thus, are not useful in diagnosing the syndrome. Superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) and nodular melanoma are the most frequently encountered histological melanoma subtypes in patients with CDKN2A mutations, which is consistent with the relative early age of onset.
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Doto pinnatifida is a moderately sized (up to 30mm) pale-bodied nudibranch, with darkly mottled nodular clusters of cerata extending in pairs down the body. The rhinophores extend from cup-like sheaths which have black spots in the margin.Picton, B.E. & Morrow, C.C., 2010. [In Encyclopedia of Marine Life of Britain and Ireland] The feathered doto, Doto cf.
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Overlying the Selborne Group is the Chalk Group, a suite of limestones of Upper Cretaceous age which is formally divided into a lower/older Grey Chalk Subgroup (of Cenomanian age) and an upper/later White Chalk Subgroup (of Cenomanian to Campanian age). The Grey Chalk corresponds to the traditional Lower Chalk division and comprises 15-25m of the West Melbury Marly Chalk Formation overlain by 35-75m of the Zig Zag Chalk Formation. The White Chalk corresponds to the traditional Middle and Upper Chalk divisions and comprises up to 35m of the Holywell Nodular Chalk Formation, overlain successively by the New Pit Chalk, Lewes Nodular Chalk, Seaford Chalk, Newhaven Chalk, Culver Chalk and Portsdown Chalk formations. Each of these formations had 'member' status in earlier descriptions of the succession.
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Chilcomb lies within the heart of the Winchester anticline, an up-fold in the rocks with older beds exposed in the centre. This is surrounded by outcrops of successively younger beds forming an enclosing ring of steep hills broken only by the Itchen Valley. In the centre a valley running east–west from Chilcomb to Bar End lies on the Zig Zag Chalk formation, grey chalk of Cenomanian age. This is surrounded successively by narrow, elliptical belts of the much harder Holywell Nodular Chalk, the New Pit Chalk (forming St. Catherine's Hill) and the Lewes Nodular Chalk, forming the peaks of Twyford Down and Deacon hill to the south, Winchester's West Hill and Sleepers Hill to the west, Magdalen Hill Down to the north and Telegraph Hill to the east.
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Like fleckschiefer, fruchtschiefer and garbenschiefer, knotenschiefer is a variety of contact metamorphic slate. It is formed at temperatures of around 400 °C and its dark coloration is caused by graphite. Fruchtschiefer occurs at 500 °C. Knotenschiefer is characterised by small nodules, up to one centimetre in size, and nodular deposits of mica as a result of the growth in grain size during metamorphism.
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The Brigus Formation is a fossiliferous (e.g. trilobitesNormore, L. S. 2012: GEOLOGY OF THE RANDOM ISLAND MAP AREA (Nts 2C/04), Newfoundland. Current Research (2012) Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Natural Resources Geological Survey Report 12-:121–145.) upper lower Cambrian geologic formation in Newfoundland and Labrador. It comprises a series of deep red nodular mudstones, with some prominent grey limestone beds.
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The most common underlying form of thyroid disease associated with TPP is Graves' disease, a syndrome due to an autoimmune reaction that leads to overproduction of thyroid hormone. TPP has also been described in people with other thyroid problems such as thyroiditis, toxic nodular goiter, toxic adenoma, TSH-producing pituitary adenoma, excessive ingestion of thyroxine or iodine, and amiodarone-induced hyperthyroidism.
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The shell contains 13 whorls . Its colour is grey-buff, maculated with chestnut at the sutures. Sculpture:—The radials are oblique, wide-spaced, consisting of low peripheral nodular riblets, ten on the penultimate, and eleven on the body whorl . On the earlier whorls the ribs ascend the spire perpendicularly and continuously, but on the lower whorls they are less developed and less regular.
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Hodgkin's usually present in 40-50's with nodular sclerosing type (7), and non-Hodgkin's in all age groups. Can also be primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma with exceptionally good prognosis. Common symptoms include fever, weight loss, night sweats, and compressive symptoms such as pain, dyspnea, wheezing, Superior vena cava syndrome, pleural effusions (10,11). Diagnosis usually by CT showing lobulated mass.
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These were nodular ores which were burnt by the direct method with charcoal in a bloomery furnace with forced air; the iron bloom was taken from the furnace as a spongy mass which was filled with unwanted impurities, these were worked (wrought) out by hand to produce wrought iron.Tylecote, R. F., 1992. A History of Metals 2nd ed., Institute of Metals.
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The disease is endemic in rural regions in South America and Central America.Infection most commonly develops after minor scratches or insect bites, but many patients cannot recall any skin trauma. Human-to-human transmission does not occur, and the disease is only acquired from the environment. The disease manifests as chronic keloidal nodular lesions on the face, ears, or extremities.
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The colour of the columella is terra-cotta, and the aperture orange-cinnamon with a buff zone. Sculpture: in general the shell is smooth. On the upper whorls about ten low nodular ribs are scarcely distinguishable The lines of growth are marked by numerous irregular scratches. A few evanescent spiral grooves may or may not appear on the body whorl.
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Some correlations have been made such as malignant transformation, spontaneous hemorrhage, and rupture. Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is the second most common tumor of the liver. This tumor is the result of a congenital arteriovenous malformation hepatocyte response. This process is one in which all normal constituents of the liver are present, but the pattern by which they are presented is abnormal.
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Patella ferruginea is a distinctive large limpet with a thick heavy shell. It can exceed in diameter, but most individuals are rather smaller than this. The robust, cone-shaped shell has thirty to fifty broad ridges and a wavy margin. The ribs are irregular and sometimes nodular; the shell is often worn smooth or covered with epibiotic organisms such as algae and barnacles.
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Shroba, R.R., and Carrara, P.E., 1996, Surficial geologic map of the Rocky Flats environmental technology site and vicinity, Jefferson and Boulder Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map, I 2526. Nodular ironstone concretions occur in the mudstones that contain plant remains. Some of the material in the sandstones originated from silicic volcanoes far to the west.Wilson, M. 2002.
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The white to tan sands of the dune fields are almost pure silica. On average, the sand contains 90-95% quartz and 5-10% mixed rock grains. The particle shapes are nodular and spheroid. they were formed by airflow erosion of rocks that created small fragments that were then carried away by the wind, to be deposited in natural land depressions.
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There is no overarching clinical picture for symptoms of oesophagostomiasis; however, most patients experience pain in the lower right quadrant, accompanied by the presence of one or several protruding abdominal masses.Ash, Lawrence R. and Orihel, Thomas C. Parasites in Human Tissues. Chicago: ASCP Press, 1995. In oesophagostomiasis, larvae can invade the colon wall, potentially causing two pervading types of nodular pathology.
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During his journey as part of the Foreign Mission Committee, he had tested soil in 52 areas; discovered beds of nodular limestone; helped create twenty nursery beds; planted 500,000 seeds of all kinds of trees, shrubs, and coffee; started four blind men in string-making from sisal; and had two bouts of malaria. Together with his wife, Caseby erected an early "leper village".
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Nodular vasculitis is a skin condition characterized by crops of small, tender, erythematous nodules on the legs, mostly on the calves and shins. Miroscopically there are epithelioid granulomas and vasculitis in the subcutaneous tissue, making it a form of panicullitis. Most of these cases are now thought to be manifestation of tuberculosis and indeed they respond well to anti-tuberculous treatment.
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Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is another subtype of Hodgkin lymphoma distinct from Classical Hodgkin lymphoma and is characterized by the presence of popcorn cells which express CD20. Due to these differences, among others, NLPHL is often treated differently from Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, including using Rituximab in combination with AVBD chemotherapy, though individual cases vary and clinical trials are ongoing.
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Nakajo syndrome, also called nodular erythema with digital changes, is a rare autosomal recessive congenital disorder first reported in 1939 by A. Nakajo in the offspring of consanguineous (blood relative) parents. The syndrome can be characterized by erythema (reddened skin), loss of body fat in the upper part of the body, and disproportionately large eyes, ears, nose, lips, and fingers.
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Latex agglutination is useful in screening for suspected B. pseudomallei colonies. Commercial ELISA kits for melioidosis are no longer available in the market due to low sensitivity to human antibodies detection. Various imaging modalities can also help with the diagnosis of melioidosis. In acute melioidosis with the spreading of the bacteria through the bloodstream, the chest X-ray shows multifocal nodular lesions.
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' Versions of the FE line designed for use in medium and heavy trucks and school buses from 1964 through 1978 were known as "FT," for 'Ford-Truck,' and differed primarily by having steel (instead of nodular iron) crankshafts, larger crank snouts, smaller ports and valves, different distributor shafts, different water pumps and a greater use of iron for its parts.
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They are intestinal parasites in the definitive host. The level of their infection and clinical pathogenicity is characteristic of each species. R. cesticillus is quite harmless in terms of symptoms; whereas R. echinobothrida is highly pathogenic, and causes nodular tapeworm disease under heavy infection. Under severe infection, stunted growth and decreased egg production, resulting in loss of meat and egg productions are experienced.
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Infection is initiated via inhalation or traumatic implantation in the skin. Infection can lead to arthritis, otitis, endocarditis, sinusitis, and other manifestations. Masses of hyphae can form "fungus balls" in the lungs. While "fungus balls" can also form in other organs, they are commonly derived from host necrotic tissue resulting from nodular infarction and thrombosis of lung vessels following infection.
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L. loboi is the causative agent of a tropical mycosis, lobomycosis, which is characterized by mucocutaneous lesions, that are usually nodular, vegetating, verrucose, cauliflower-like and hyper- or hypopigmented. Lower extremities and the ears are most commonly involved. Nasal and labial lesions have rarely been reported.Burns, R. A., J. S. Roy, C. Woods, A. A. Padhye, and D. W. Warnock. 2000.
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Erythema induratum, or "Bazin disease", is a panniculitis on the back of the calves. It was formerly thought to be a reaction to the tuberculum bacillus. It is now considered a panniculitis that is not associated with a single defined pathogen. Nodular vasculitis is a skin condition characterized by small, tender, reddened nodules on the legs, mostly on the calves and shins.
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Texturally they are wackestones grading into mudstones. They weather in a nodular and prismatic fashion and are interlayered with microcrystalline limestones rich in fine debris and bioclasts. The fossil content is dominated by rudist biostromes. The rudists are represented by Durania cornupastoris, Praeradiolites ponsi, Radiolites praesauvagesi, Radiolites radiosus, Radiolites trigeri, Biradiolites quadratus, Biradiolites angulosus, Vaccinites praepetrocoriensis, Vaccinites petrocoriensis, and Hippurites requieni var. subpolygonia.
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Aggregations of carbon-laden macrophages can be visualized under a microscope as granular, black areas. In serious cases, the lung may grossly appear black. These aggregations can cause inflammation and fibrosis, as well as the formation of nodular lesions within the lungs. The centers of dense lesions may become necrotic due to ischemia, leading to large cavities within the lung.
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After suffering from a persistent cough, Susann, who was concerned about her upcoming book tour in support of Once Is Not Enough, checked into Doctors Hospital on January 11, 1973.Mansfield and Block. Life with Jackie, p. 188. Test results showed a nodular lesion in her right lung; she was transferred to Mount Sinai Hospital for a bronchoscopy and biopsy.
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Stelletta kallitetilla is a massive sponge that is usually green or yellow, the colour varying from light yellowish-green to a dark shade of green. The consistency of the sponge is soft but tough, and it often has an osculum at the top. The surface is usually nodular, but may be smooth or bristly, and often has fouling organisms growing on it.
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However, since MRI appearance is practically pathognomonic, biopsy is rarely needed for verification. On ultrasound, cavernous haemangiomas in liver appeared as homogenous, hyperechoic lesions with posterior acoustic enhancement. On CT or MRI scans, it shows peripheral globular/nodular enhancement in the arterial phase, with portions of attenuation of enhancing areas. In the portal venous phase, it shows progressive centripetal enhancement.
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Another example of a torus palatinus Sometimes, the tori are categorized by their appearance. Arising as a broad base and a smooth surface, flat tori are located on the midline of the palate and extend symmetrically to either side. Spindle tori have a ridge located at their midline. Nodular tori have multiple bony growths that each have their own base.
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Diagnosis requires a biopsy, so that the exact type of tissue can be determined by examination under a microscope. PMBL is generally considered a sub-type of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, although it is also closely related to nodular sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma (NSHL). Tumors that are even more closely related to NSHL than typical for PMBL are called gray zone lymphoma.
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Datolite is a calcium boron hydroxide nesosilicate, CaBSiO4(OH). It was first observed by Jens Esmark in 1806, and named by him from δατεῖσθαι, "to divide," and λίθος, "stone," in allusion to the granular structure of the massive mineral. Datolite crystallizes in the monoclinic system forming prismatic crystals and nodular masses. The luster is vitreous and may be brown, yellow, light green or colorless.
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The suture is appressed, a coronet of short, elevated, backward pointing wrinkles marginating the whorl in front of it. The fasciole is wide, with obsolete sculpture or is smooth, polished, very sloping, subconcave. The shoulder of the whorl is angulated, ornamented (on the whorl before the last) with about four- teen nodular riblets. These riblets on the early whorls are short, stout, and very prominent.
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Most hepatectomies are performed for the treatment of hepatic neoplasms, both benign or malignant. Benign neoplasms include hepatocellular adenoma, hepatic hemangioma and focal nodular hyperplasia. The most common malignant neoplasms (cancers) of the liver are metastases; those arising from colorectal cancer are among the most common, and the most amenable to surgical resection. The most common primary malignant tumour of the liver is the hepatocellular carcinoma.
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It was commonly made into beads both in the western and > eastern worlds. Above all, even uncut malachite often has a nodular or > botryoidal structure, like little clumps of bright green beads, one of the > classical forms attributed to lang-kan. Sometimes, too, it is stalactitic, > like little stone trees. (1978: 33) Furthermore, archeology confirms that malachite was an important gemstone of pre-Han China.
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The length of the shell attains 41 mm, its diameter 21 mm. The shell resembles Drillia grabaui but is much larger and stronger It contains 8 whorls without the protoconch, which is eroded in the single specimen found. The spiral sculpture consists of subequal, shallow, narrow grooves extending from the notch to the base of the whorls. The subsutural band is very slightly nodular.
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Micrograph of a seborrheic keratosis (H&E; stain, scanning magnification) Visual diagnosis is made by the "stuck on" appearance, horny pearls or cysts embedded in the structure. Darkly pigmented lesions can be challenging to distinguish from nodular melanomas. Furthermore, thin seborrheic keratoses on facial skin can be very difficult to differentiate from lentigo maligna even with dermatoscopy. Clinically, epidermal nevi are similar to seborrheic keratoses in appearance.
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Signs of glanders include the formation of nodular lesions in the lungs and ulceration of the mucous membranes in the upper respiratory tract. The acute form results in coughing, fever, and the release of an infectious nasal discharge, followed by septicaemia and death within days. In the chronic form, nasal and subcutaneous nodules develop, eventually ulcerating; death can occur within months, while survivors act as carriers.
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Agate, primarily in the form of chalcedony, and crystalline quartz (sometimes in the form of amethyst), are prominent in the ancient lava flows of the Watchungs and are typically seen as embedded nodules along exposed fronts. Datolite, another nodular mineral, has been found embedded in the volcanic rock around the Great Falls. Additionally, jasper and satin spar are known to exist within the northwestern Preakness Range.Pierce, James.
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There are two types of the disease: the papulo-vesicular form and the nodular form (stone pox). The incubation period is usually 8–13 days, but it may be as short as four days. It is thought the same virus spreads sheep pox, to which European sheep breeds are highly susceptible. The virus may be present in dried scabs for up to six months.
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16th edition. McGraw-Hill. 2005. Vol I. p.969. Lucio's phenomenon was first described by Rafael Lucio Nájera and Alvarado as a necrotizing skin reaction associated with non-nodular diffuse leprosy in 1852. This reaction was later named by Latapi and Zamora in 1948 as Lucio's phenomenon after identification of histopathological changes involving multiple, acute and necrotizing cutaneous vasculitis peculiar to pure and primitive diffuse leprosy (PPDL).
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That is longer than diffuse type and almost as long as nodular (almost 7 yrs). Beta-2 microglobulin is another risk factor in MCL used primarily for transplant patients. Values less than three have yielded 95% overall survival to six years for auto SCT where over three yields a median of 44 most overall survival for auto SCT (Khouri 03). This is not yet fully validated.
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The Tanum Tunnel is long and has a cross section varying between . The tunnel consists of a blasted section and an , cut-and-cover section—the latter the easternmost part of the tunnel. It carries the double-tracked Asker Line between Jong and Åstad. The tunnel runs mostly through Cambrian-Silurian sedimentary slate, nodular limestone and shale, with local occurrences of Permian igneous rock.
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Episcleritis is a benign, self-limiting inflammatory disease affecting part of the eye called the episclera. The episclera is a thin layer of tissue that lies between the conjunctiva and the connective tissue layer that forms the white of the eye (sclera). Episcleritis is a common condition, and is characterized by the abrupt onset of painless eye redness. There are two types of episcleritis, nodular and simple.
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Mammary gland tumors are the third common type of cancer in older female cats, with the most common symptom manifesting as a lump in the breast tissue. Domestic short-haired cats and Siamese appear to have a higher incident rates. The tumor is typically firm and nodular, and adheres to the overlying skin. Nipples may also appear to be red and swollen, oozing yellowish fluid.
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Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) was first coined in 1984 by Carney et al. it often occurs in association with Carney complex (CNC). CNC is a rare syndrome that involves the formation of abnormal tumours that cause endocrine hyperactivity. PPNAD arises due to the enlargement of the cortex of the adrenal glands, resulting in Cushing's syndrome that is independent of the pituitary hormone ACTH.
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Uplighter lamp, white and brown Italian alabaster, base diameter 13 cm (20th century) In Europe, the centre of the alabaster trade today is Florence, Italy. Tuscan alabaster occurs in nodular masses embedded in limestone, interstratified with marls of Miocene and Pliocene age. The mineral is worked largely by means of underground galleries, in the district of Volterra. Several varieties are recognized—veined, spotted, clouded, agatiform, and others.
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Small nodular opacities occur in up to 50% of patients and large nodules in 15%. On high resolution computed tomography, airspace consolidation with air bronchograms is present in more than 90% of patients, often with a lower zone predominance. A subpleural or peribronchiolar distribution is noted in up to 50% of patients. Ground glass appearance or hazy opacities associated with the consolidation are detected in most patients.
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The solid shell is white, covered with a pale straw-colored periostracum. It contains eight whorls exclusive of the (lost) nucleus. The suture is distinct with a slightly swollen margin. The axial sculpture consists of (on the penultimate whorl about nine) nodular ribs, peripheral on the spire, becoming obsolete on the body whorl, beginning in front of the fasciole and obscure beyond the periphery.
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Silver mineralization occurs where greenstones and granite intrusions meet, in the same quartz veins that host gold and sulfides. The silver is typically mineralized within sphalerite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrite or covellite. One hundred thirty five kilometers south of Niamey, is the Tapoa phosphate deposit Neoproterozoic and Cambrian sedimentary rocks of the Volta Group. The Tahoua deposit, 375 kilometers northeast of the capital contains nodular apatite in Paleocene and Eocene sediments.
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Clinically, the earliest lesions may appear as a hives-like red raised rash, but could also appear dermatitic, targetoid, lichenoid, nodular, or even without a rash (essential pruritus). Tense bullae eventually erupt, most commonly at the inner thighs and upper arms, but the trunk and extremities are frequently both involved. Any part of the skin surface can be involved. Oral lesions are present in a minority of cases.
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Primary hyperplasia of the parathyroid gland, results from both hypocalcaemia and increased phosphate levels by decreasing expression of calcium sensing receptors and vitamin D receptors at the parathyroid gland. These decreases in receptor expression lead to hyperfunctioning of the parathyroid. Hyperfunction of the parathyroid gland is thought to exacerbate primary hyperplasia which evolves further to a secondary more aggressive hyperplasia. Histologically, these hyperplasic glands can be either diffuse or nodular.
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The two informal units are further subdivided into two units each, the lower is divided into the lower TaP1 which consists of "poorly sorted, phosphatized grit with abundant phosphorite nodules and bones" and the upper TaP2 which consists of "nodular bedded sandstone and grit". The upper biosiliceous unit is divided into the lower TaS1, which is heavily bioturbated, and the upper TaS2 "characterized by parallel laminations and sinusoidal ripples".
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The type location, and its namesake, the Sugar Loaf Islands off Taranaki, New Zealand, is an example of a coastal occurrence. Taranakite forms small white, pale yellow, or gray crystals, which are typically found in pulverulent nodular aggregates, or crusts. Taranakite crystallizes in the hexagonal system, and is noted as having the longest crystallographic axis of any known mineral: the c-axis of the taranakite unit cell is 9.505 nanometers long.
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5 Feb 2009. Nodules themselves are usually not a problem, but they can give rise to further complications, such as bowel obstruction, peritonitis and intestinal volvulus. In rare cases, serious disease can occur including emaciation, fluid in the pericardium, cardiomegaly, hepatosplenomegaly, perisplenitis and enlargement of the appendix. Single-nodular disease, more commonly known as Dapaong disease, is characterized by the development of a single mass that develops throughout the colon wall.
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Trichoblastomas are a cutaneous condition characterized by benign neoplasms of follicular germinative cells. Trichoblastic fibroma is a designation used to characterize small nodular trichoblastomas with conspicuous fibrocytic stroma, sometimes constituting over 50% of the lesion. left Image at left shows a trichoblastoma from a 68-year-old Caucasian male. It shows a pseudo- encapsulated, multinodular, basaloid tumor with fibrocellular stroma spanning the reticular dermis extending into subcutaneous fat (A).
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There are two major types of Hodgkin lymphoma: classical Hodgkin lymphoma and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. About half of cases of Hodgkin lymphoma are due to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and these are generally the classic form. Other risk factors include a family history of the condition and having HIV/AIDS. Diagnosis is by finding Hodgkin cells such as multinucleated Reed–Sternberg cells (RS cells) in lymph nodes.
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The Woolhope Beds consist mainly of shales which are generally calcareous and pass frequently into irregular nodular and lenticular limestone. In the Malvern Hills there is much shale at the base, and in places the limestone may be absent. These beds are best developed in Herefordshire; they appear also at May Hill in Gloucestershire and in Radnorshire. Common fossils are Phacops caudatus, Encrinurus tuberculatus, Orthis calligramma, Atrypa reticularis, and Orthoceras annulatum.
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The aggressiveness of malignant chondroid syringoma varies, as 49% of cases have had local recurrence whereas some demonstrate regional lymph node or osseous metastasis. The rare neoplasms generally do not follow a determinate development path and are often difficult to diagnose. Histologically, these malignant mixed tumours have epithelial and mesenchymal components and are very large, nodular, circumscribed, and nonulcerated. They are morphologically identical to pleomorphic adenoma and have a female predilection.
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This report follows the development of MCS on a sixty-four-year-old male patient. The masses were described as skin lesions that had developed in a nodular fashion on the patient's right arm. To remove the growths, the patient underwent may surgical procedures where the nodules were effectively excised. The growth was described as a: > “ten centimetre, firm, lobulated mass with skin ulceration and muscle > involvement was removed.
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Bearpaw shale being excavated to recover ammonites for ammolite production. The formation was deposited in the Bearpaw Sea, which was part of the Western Interior Seaway that advanced and then retreated across the region during Campanian time. It is composed primarily of dark grey shales, claystones, silty claystones and siltstones, with subordinate silty sandstones. It also includes bedded and nodular concretions (both calcareous and ironstone concretions) and thin beds of bentonite.
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The shell contains about 12 whorls. These are angulate in the middle and show obliquely nodular plicae (these are more attenuate in the lower portions). The whorls are concave above and subconvex below. In the body whorl there is a slight convexity or rounded ridge just below the suture and above the excavation, below which occur the oblique nodose plications which gradually diminish in strength as the aperture is approached.
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Blood tests may be done prior to or in lieu of a biopsy. The possibility of a nodule which secretes thyroid hormone (which is less likely to be cancer) or hypothyroidism is investigated by measuring thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).Tests for serum thyroid autoantibodies are sometimes done as these may indicate autoimmune thyroid disease (which can mimic nodular disease).
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The main mechanism of the organism that is causing the typical skin lesions is the invasion of the organism into the arteries and veins in the dermis and subcutaneous tissues of the skin. This perivascular invasion leads to nodular formation, ulceration, vasculitis and necrosis due to impaired blood supply. Perivascular involvement is achieved by direct entry of bacteria through the skin or hematogenous spreading in case of sepsis.
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Both limbs of the loop of Henle are lined with the simple squamous epithelium. Their main function is to regulate the levels of water and solutes in the primary urine. The basement membrane of the thin limb in humans has very uniform nodular thickenings that form a network that surrounds the tubule and acts as a support structure that is homologous to the collenchyma in plants. Smith, RA et al.
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The tumor is usually solitary and presents as a slow growing, painless, firm single nodular mass. Isolated nodules are generally outgrowths of the main nodule rather than a multinodular presentation. It is usually mobile unless found in the palate and can cause atrophy of the mandibular ramus when located in the parotid gland. When found in the parotid tail, it may present as an eversion of the ear lobe.
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The Herreria Formation from the Lower Cambrian consists of shale and feldspathic sandstone alternating, with some conglomerate. These have a thickness of 1 to 1.5 km. The Lancara Formation consists of a couple of hundred metres of limestone. The lower part was formed in peritidal zones in the Lower Cambrian, and the upper member from the Middle Cambrian contains fossils and is red or green glauconictic and nodular limestone.
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The combustion chambers also featured a smaller quench design for a higher compression ratio and enhanced flow characteristics. Additionally, high-flow cast exhaust manifolds similar to those on the 289 Hi-Po K-code engine further improved output. Heavy-duty connecting rods with high-strength bolts and a nodular iron crankshaft were also included in this package. Rated power (SAE gross) was estimated at at 6,000 rpm and at 3,800 rpm.
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It is also called the eruptive phase or tissue phase, in which the patients develop a cutaneous rash produced by a proliferation of endothelial cells and is known as "Peruvian warts" or "verruga peruana". Depending on the size and characteristics of the lesions, there are three types: miliary (1–4 mm), nodular or subdermic, and mular (>5mm). Miliary lesions are the most common. The lesions often ulcerate and bleed.
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At the contact with the underlying Cenomanian it is detritic and contains coarse quartz grains, small-sized gravels and the fragments of ground-up lamellibranchs and echinoderms. Higher up in the section the marly layers gradually disappear and the rock takes on a massive, homogeneous and cryptocrystalline aspect (thickness 5 to 10 meters). Stratification within the Ligérian, if recognisable, is nodular, wavy to platy. The rock disintegrates to short, prismatic columns.
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Scleritis is a serious inflammatory disease that affects the white outer coating of the eye, known as the sclera. The disease is often contracted through association with other diseases of the body, such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis or rheumatoid arthritis. There are three types of scleritis: diffuse scleritis (the most common), nodular scleritis, and necrotizing scleritis (the most severe). Scleritis may be the first symptom of onset of connective tissue disease.
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The outer surface of the peridium, the ectoperidium, is pale brown to grey in color, and covered with clusters of fungal hyphae that resemble hairs. These hairs appear to be aggregated into clusters ("nodular"), and generally point downward. The inner surface of the peridium, the endoperidium, is smooth with a grey to silver and somewhat shiny surface. This inner surface also has faint but distinct vertical ridges, known as plications.
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Selected images from a biphasic CT of Focal Nodular Hyperplasia in the left hepatic lobe (arrow). These masses have characteristic early arterial enhancement (6a) with contrast wash out on the portal venous phase images (6b) from the mass making these lesions difficult to identify on portal venous phase images alone. When evaluating hepatic masses by abdominal computed tomography (CT), it can be advantageous to have both late arterial and portal venous phase images since some tumors enhance briskly during the arterial phase (hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic adenoma, follicular nodular hyperplasia (FNH), and hypervascular metastasis), but may be occult or difficult to characterize on portal venous phase imaging alone. However, it should be stressed that the addition of late arterial phase images is only indicated if one of these tumors is suspected, or if there is a need for further characterization of a hepatic mass, since the large majority of patients will not benefit from the addition of this phase.
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Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) falls into two histologic forms, nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) with cHL being divided into nodular sclerosis (NSHD), mixed cellularity (MCHD), lymphocyte rich (LRHD), and lymphocyte depleted (LDHD) subtypes. EBV is found in 30% to 50% of HL cases, but occurs in ~90% of NSHD and MCHD but ≤10% of LRHD, LPHD, or NLPHD cases. HL involves the infiltration of T cells, B cells, macrophages, eosinophils, fibroblasts, and Reed–Sternberg cells (HRS cells, also termed Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg cells) into lymphoid and other tissues. HRS cells are large mono- or poly-nuclear cells which: 1) derive from lymph node and/or spleen germinal center B cells; 2) may contain EBV and viral products indicative of stage II latency; and 3) are the only malignant cells in, and the mediators of, HD. EBV in HRS cells are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis (i.e.
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Woodside is a hamlet located in the Central Bedfordshire district of Bedfordshire, England. Located at the junction of Woodside Road and Grove Road, Woodside stands 546 feet above sea level. The underlying geology is a Chalk Group known as Lewes Nodular Chalk Formation and Seaford Chalk Formation which was deposited between 84 and 94 million years ago in the Cretaceous Period. The superficial geology is clay with flints, deposited in the Quaternary and Neogene Periods.
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The kneecap is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. Sesamoids act like pulleys, providing a smooth surface for tendons to slide over, increasing the tendon's ability to transmit muscular forces. The sesamoid is a small nodular bone most often present embedded in tendons in the region of the thumb. Calcification of sesamoid bone is one of the important features of pubertal growth spurt, which is earlier in females than in males.
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80 The Spechts Ferry member is organic-rich and suggests a large influx of terrigenous sediment during deposition. The Guttenberg is characterized by nodular calcareous beds and contains several K-bentonite deposits. The Ion Member, present in the southern Decorah in Iowa, is characterized by alternating beds of shale and limestone. Where it crops out in the Upper Midwest, especially in the Twin Cities, the Decorah is a popular stratum for amateur fossil collecting.
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In sedimentology and geology, nodular is used to describe a sediment or sedimentary rock composed of scattered to loosely packed nodules in matrix of like or unlike character. It is also used to describe mineral aggregates that occur in the form of nodules, e.g. colloform mineral aggregate with a bulbed surface. Nodule is also used for widely scattered concretionary lumps of manganese, cobalt, iron, and nickel found on the floors of the world's oceans.
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Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is a benign tumor of the liver (hepatic tumor), which is the second most prevalent tumor of the liver (the first is hepatic hemangioma). It is usually asymptomatic, rarely grows or bleeds, and has no malignant potential. This tumour was once often resected because it was difficult to distinguish from hepatic adenoma, but with modern multiphase imaging is usually now diagnosed by strict imaging criteria and not resected.
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Melanoma is the second most common type of vulvar cancer and causes 8–10% of vulvar cancer cases. These lesions arise from melanocytes, the cells that give skin color and are most common in Caucasian women 50–80 years old. Melanoma of the vulva behaves like melanoma in any other location and may affect a much younger population. There are three distinct types of vulvar melanoma: superficial spreading, nodular, and acral lentigous melanoma.
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A defining characteristic of MCL is mutation and overexpression of cyclin D1, a cell cycle gene, that contributes to the abnormal proliferation of the malignant cells. MCL cells may also be resistant to drug-induced apoptosis, making them harder to cure with chemotherapy or radiation. Cells affected by MCL proliferate in a nodular or diffuse pattern with two main cytologic variants, typical or blastic. Typical cases are small to intermediate-sized cells with irregular nuclei.
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Based on this, the parents decide how to distribute food among the chicks in the nest. Some species, especially in the families Viduidae and Estrildidae, have bright spots on the gape known as gape tubercles or gape papillae. These nodular spots are conspicuous even in low light. A study examining the nestling gapes of eight passerine species found that the gapes were conspicuous in the ultraviolet spectrum (visible to birds but not to humans).
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The nodular type may be solitary (large mass) or multiple (when developed as a complication of cirrhosis). Tumor nodules are round to oval, gray or green (if the tumor produces bile), well circumscribed but not encapsulated. The diffuse type is poorly circumscribed and infiltrates the portal veins, or the hepatic veins (rarely). Microscopically, the four architectural and cytological types (patterns) of hepatocellular carcinoma are: fibrolamellar, pseudoglandular (adenoid), pleomorphic (giant cell), and clear cell.
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In Cumbria it occurs largely in the New Red rocks, but at a lower geological horizon. The alabaster of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire is found in thick nodular beds or "floors" in spheroidal masses known as "balls" or "bowls" and in smaller lenticular masses termed "cakes". At Chellaston, where the local alabaster is known as "Patrick", it has been worked into ornaments under the name of "Derbyshire spar"―a term more properly applied to fluorspar.
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The appearance and number of sarcoids can vary, with some horses having single or multiple lesions, usually on the head, legs, ventrum and genitalia or around a wound. The distribution pattern suggests that flies are an important factor in the formation of sarcoids.Pascoe and Knottenbelt, Equine sarcoids. pg. 244 Sarcoids may resemble warts (verrucous form), small nodules (nodular form), oval hairless or scaly plaques (occult form) or very rarely, large ulcerated masses (fibroblastic form).
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At Huttenberg, Carinthia, Austria, todorokite occurs as nodular masses about 5 cm in diameter, with a fibrous structure and coarse concentric layering. It is fragile, soft and porous, and so light that it can float on water. It is brown, but lighter in color than samples from Charco Redondo in Cuba. The luster of fracture surfaces is dull, but the smooth outer surface of the nodules has a faintly bronze-like appearance.
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Mesothelioma is a rare primary tumour of the connective tissue, originates in the serous membranes of the pleura, peritoneum or pericardium. Peritoneal involvement is reported in 25% of cases. Imaging features include ascites, diffuse irregular nodular peritoneal thickening, invasion of omenta and mesentery with the formation of omental cakes, and mesenteric masses and bowel wall thickening. Coexistence of pleural abnormalities with positive occupational asbestos exposure history in absence detectable primary tumour goes more in favor of mesothelioma.
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The size of an adult shell varies between 15 mm and 30 mm. (Translation of the original French description) The slightly shiny shell is solid and has an elongated fusiform shape. The turreted spire is composed of 9 very convex whorls, subcarinated on their extremes. They are separated by a very marked oblique suture, covered with sigmoid growth lines, fine decurrent striae and large, wide and nodular oblique longitudinal folds, numbering 6 on each of the last two whorls.
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More recently, however, the disease has been found to occur also in adults. This lead the World health Organization (2016) to rename the disorder pediatric-type follicular lymphoma. (The disease is also referred to as pediatric-type nodular follicular lymphoma.) At the same time the World Health Organization also recognized PTFL as a clinical entity distinct from the follicular lymphoma disorders in which it was previously classified. This reclassification was based on fundamental differences between the two diseases.
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Because rheumatoid nodules also cause pain or nerve entrapment, treatment for these symptoms with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be sufficient. Other drug therapies, such as corticosteroids, have shown to decrease nodular size, however, it can increase the risk of infection as well. Local corticosteroid injections seems to be the most studied treatment for rheumatoid nodules as of now. Surgery to have the nodule removed is another option that can be done to treat rheumatoid nodules.
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It is extremely common to find incidental nodules on liver scans, most commonly due to focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), as these are a hundredfold times more common in HHT compared to the general population. FNH is regarded as harmless. Generally, tumor markers and additional imaging modalities are used to differentiate between FNH and malignant tumors of the liver. Liver biopsy is discouraged in people with HHT as the risk of hemorrhage from liver AVMs may be significant.
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Splenic hilar lymph nodes may show nodular infiltrates of small lymphocytes. Careful and thorough examination of patients' bone marrow commonly shows aggregates of lymphoid cells between the organs trabeculae and within its sinuses. Neoplastic B-cells may also circulate in patient's blood. The neoplastic cells in all of these tissues, similar the neoplastic cells in extranodal and nodal MZL, express CD20, CD27, and BCL2 but not CD10, CD23, CD5, CD43, CD38, BCL6, cyclin D1, or annexin A1 marker proteins.
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Lead and zinc mines have existed in the central part of the Mechernich region since ancient times during the Roman occupation. Since the 13th century the most prevalent product brought to the surface has been lead. The main ore minerals galena, sphalerite and cerussite are disseminated in nodular impregnations (Knotten) and veinlets in the region in and surrounding Mechernich. Mining activities at the Mechernich lead line in 1882 saw almost 4,500 people engaged in pit work.
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The ratio of plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) to plasma renin activity (PRA) can be used as a screening test for PHA. In cats with unilateral or bilateral zona glomerulosa tumors, the PAC may be very high while the PRA is completely suppressed. In cats with idiopathic bilateral nodular hyperplasia of the zona glomerulosa, the PAC may be slightly elevated or high normal. In the presence of hypokalemia even a mildly elevated aldosterone should be considered inappropriately high.
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Laennec's cirrhosis, also known as portal cirrhosis, alcoholic cirrhosis, fatty cirrhosis, or atrophic cirrhosis, is named after René Laennec, a French physician and the inventor of the stethoscope. It is a disease of the liver in which the normal lobular architecture is lost, with fibrosis (scarring) and later nodular regeneration. Laennec's cirrhosis can be associated with inflammatory polyarthritis, most commonly affecting the shoulders, elbows and knees. Osteoporosis, soft tissue swelling in peripheral joints and sometimes calcific periathritis are seen.
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Capillary haemangiomas in the liver are found in 16% of all liver haemangiomas. Its sizes are usually less than 1 to 2 cm in diameter. It may show a "flash- filling" phenomenon in which there is the fast enhancement of the contrast material in the lesion instead of slow, centripetal, nodular filling of the lesions in usual haemangiomas. On CT and MRI, it shows rapid filling during arterial phase, with contrast retention in venous and delayed phases.
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In clinical trials SPINA-GT was significantly elevated in patients suffering from Graves' disease and toxic adenoma compared to normal subjects. It is also elevated in diffuse and nodular goiters, and reduced in untreated autoimmune thyroiditis. In patients with toxic adenoma it has higher specificity and positive likelihood ratio for diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis than serum concentrations of thyrotropin, free T4 or free T3. GT's specificity is also high in thyroid disorders of secondary or tertiary origin.
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Proliferation of FDC cells is characteristic of many neoplastic conditions including follicular hyperplasia, follicular lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte predominate Hodgkin’s disease and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. Despite finally being recognized as its own disease in 1986, diagnosis of FDCS is still difficult. FDC cells are large, contain two nuclei, and form clusters with lymphocytes making them difficult to distinguish in staining. These cells are best visualized with immunostaining using the FDC markers CD21, CD35, R4/23, clusterin, and KiM4p.
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However, the vehicles that used the turbo engine also included RPO code ZR9. Internal engine upgrades included nodular iron main bearing caps, graphite composite head gaskets with stainless steel flanges and hypereutectic pistons which lowered the engine compression to 8.35:1. A unique intake manifold that used the twin-bore throttle body from the 5.7L TPI Corvette engine was used on the engine's top end. The Turbocharged was last used in the GMC Typhoon in the 1993 model year.
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The draining lymph nodes are also enlarged and tender from about the fifth day following the appearance of the skin lesion. The lesion remains mostly nodular but, ulcerates during the third week and then gradually heals within 5 to 6 weeks, leaving a scar. In Kenya, the lesions were almost always solitary and were found on the upper arm, face, neck, and truck. Conversely, in Zaire, 22% of patients had multiple lesions, usually two or three.
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The clinical diagnosis of BPH is based on a history of LUTS (lower urinary tract symptoms), a digital rectal exam, and exclusion of other causes of similar signs and symptoms. The degree of LUTS does not necessarily correspond to the size of the prostate. An enlarged prostate gland on rectal examination that is symmetric and smooth supports a diagnosis of BPH. However, if the prostate gland feels asymmetrical, firm, or nodular, this raises concern for prostate cancer.
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After an inflamed nodular acne lesion resolves, it is common for the skin to darken in that area, which is known as postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). The inflammation stimulates specialized pigment-producing skin cells (known as melanocytes) to produce more melanin pigment, which leads to the skin's darkened appearance. PIH occurs more frequently in people with darker skin color. Pigmented scar is a common term used for PIH, but is misleading as it suggests the color change is permanent.
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Retinol is a form of vitamin A that has similar but milder effects and is present in many over-the-counter moisturizers and other topical products. Isotretinoin is an oral retinoid that is very effective for severe nodular acne, and moderate acne that is stubborn to other treatments. One to two months of use is typically adequate to see improvement. Acne often resolves completely or is much milder after a 4–6 month course of oral isotretinoin.
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The Lancet MMR autism fraud centred on the publication in 1998 of a research paper titled Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children in The Lancet. The paper, authored by Andrew Wakefield and eleven coauthors, claimed to link the MMR vaccine to colitis and autism spectrum disorders. Events surrounding the research study and the publication of its findings led to Wakefield being struck off the medical register. The paper was retracted in 2010.
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It has also been reported from locations in the Czech Republic, Mendoza Province, Argentina and the Mounana uranium mine near Franceville, Gabon. Paramontrosite has also been found in an outcrop on the Van Irvine Ranch in the Pumpkin Buttes area of Wyoming, USA, associated with sulfides in red sandstone. It is found in a zone where the sandstone changes color from red to gray. The black paramontroseite cements grains of sand into nodular masses that enclose smaller pyrite masses.
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Pleural effusions are seen on CT in 12% of patients with S-LAM and 6% of patients with TSC-LAM. Other CT features include linear densities (29%), hilar or mediastinal lymphadenopathy (9%), pneumothorax, lymphangiomyoma, and thoracic duct dilation. Ground-glass opacities (12%) suggest the presence of interstitial edema due to lymphatic congestion. In patients with TSC, nodular densities on HRCT may represent multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia (MMPH) made up of clusters of hyperplastic type II pneumocytes.
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A 10 MW cement mill, output 270 tonnes per hour A cement mill (or finish mill in North American usageSpanish: molino de cemento, French: broyeur de ciment, German: Zementmühle: other languages correspond with the British usage) is the equipment used to grind the hard, nodular clinker from the cement kiln into the fine grey powder that is cement. Most cement is currently ground in ball mills and also vertical roller mills which are more effective than ball mills.
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The center of the basin witnessed black shale deposition in the Middle Jurassic while the edges deposited biomicritic limestone. The northwest and northeast formed platform limestones, separated by a "groove" of pelagic micrite and nodular limestone. This sedimentation pattern continued into the Cretaceous, until the Barremian when reef limestones and marl began to build up. An orogeny began in Austria at the end of the Albian, reducing sea levels and confining marine environments to the northwest.
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Some of the exotic materials included: cryptocrystalline quartz, blue-green nodular chert, Dover chert, novaculite, quartz, vein quartz, chalcedony, Horse Mountain agate, sandstone, hematite, steatite, slate, green slate, banded slate and igneous rock. These materials are, in some cases long distances from their source. Some came from as far away as the Great Lakes. This suggests that the groups of the upper Duck Valley were not secluded, but were instead active participants in established trade with other distant groups.
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Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a cancer that involves certain types of white blood cells known as lymphocytes. The cancer originates from the uncontrolled division of specific types of B-cells known as centrocytes and centroblasts. These cells normally occupy the follicles (nodular swirls of various types of lymphocytes) in the germinal centers of lymphoid tissues such as lymph nodes. The cancerous cells in FL typically form follicular or follicle-like structures (see adjacent Figure) in the tissues they invade.
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Additionally, individuals with thick dark hair have a tendency to have a more severe inflammatory response. Tinea corporis, as well; this is characterized as an intense inflammatory response resembling a bacterial infection, thus surgical intervention is not needed because inflammation is due to the fungus alone. Also, tinea pedis, or athletes foot is common, while tinea unguium is rare. Additionally tinea manuum, of the thighs may occur as nodular granulomatous perifolliculitis, has been noted with infection of the thighs.
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Volume rendering (left), axial cross-section (right top), and sagittal cross-section (right bottom) of a CT image of a subject with multiple nodular lesions (white line) in the lung. Visualization plays several key roles in Medical Image Computing. Methods from scientific visualization are used to understand and communicate about medical images, which are inherently spatial-temporal. Data visualization and data analysis are used on unstructured data forms, for example when evaluating statistical measures derived during algorithmic processing.
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Though sea levels changed during the deposition of the clay, the habitat was generally a lush forest – perhaps like in Indonesia or East Africa today – bordering a warm, shallow ocean. The London Clay is a stiff bluish clay which becomes brown when weathered. Nodular lumps of pyrite and crystals of selenite (sometimes called "waterstones") frequently exist in the clay, and large septarian concretions are also common. These have been used in the past for making cement.
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Researchers have also confirmed astroblastoma distinct from oligodendroglioma, which are invasive nodular cysts that may resemble a "bubbly" interior. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors, juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma, and hemangioblastoma are well-established, pediatric brain cancer tumors that are often confused with astroblastoma patients. However, further histology has confirmed that special structures and characteristics are unique to astroblastoma. Advances in the 21st century of histology have justified proper diagnosis, eliminating inconsistency that plagued this tumor for several decades.
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The crankshaft, located to the bottom of the block by five main bearing caps, was cast nodular iron, and the eight connecting rods were forged steel. The pistons were cast aluminum, with a hypereutectic design. Cylinders were numbered from the front of the engine to the rear; cylinders 1, 3, 5 and 7 were found on the left (driver side) bank, or "bank 1", with the even numbers on the other bank. Coolant passages were located between the cylinders.
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Occult (hairless area at left) and nodular (large round bump at right) forms of equine sarcoids Sarcoids account for 39.9% of all equine cancers and are the most common cancer diagnosed in horses.Valentine, Neoplasia, pg. 147. There is no breed predilection for developing sarcoids and they can occur at any age, with horses three to six years oldValentine, "Neoplasia" pg. 149. being the most common age group and males being slightly more prone to developing the disease.
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The nest is built with fresh grass blades, and is domed with a side entrance. It is always hidden in thick foliage, but can be at any height from the ground. The normal clutch is four spherical whitish eggs. Chicks are naked and have pinkish skin; the distinctive gape has blue nodular spots technically termed as papillae or tubercles at the upper and lower corners, and the yellow palate has a ring of five black spots.
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Erkunt was then producing intermediate goods for the automotive, agricultural tractor and motor industries, utilizing the most advanced technology of the day. Erkunt has grown to employment 174 white collar and 851 blue collar workers, totalling 1025 in a 60,000 ton/year capacity complex that is the leader in Turkey for grey iron and nodular casting production and mechanical processing. For the past 20 years the company has increasingly been increasing exports to Europe. Production has grown to 60,000 tons per year.
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A total of 328 consecutive patients with multiple-laser metastasectomies with a new 1318-nm :YAG laser. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 131(6): 1236-1242 Compared to laser surgery, other conventional surgical methods such as segmental or wedge resections with surgical stapling will normally lead to a bigger loss of lung tissue, especially in patients with multiple pulmonary nodules methods.Mineo TC, Cristino B, Ambrogi V et al. Usefulness of the Nd: YAG laser in parenchyma-sparing resection of pulmonary nodular lesions.
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A melanoma in situ has not invaded beyond the basement membrane, whereas an invasive melanoma has spread beyond it. Some histopathological types of melanoma are inherently invasive, including nodular melanoma and lentigo maligna melanoma, where the in situ counterpart to lentigo maligna melanoma is lentigo maligna. Lentigo maligna is sometimes classified as a very early melanoma, and sometimes a precursor to melanoma. Superficial spreading melanomas and acral lentiginous melanomas can be either in situ or invasive, Topic Completed: 1 May 2013.
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The Takatika Grit is a geologic formation in Chatham Islands, New Zealand. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleocene period, although it also preserves disturbed and re-worked Maastrichtian and Campanian microfossils and theropod fossils. A 2017 study found that it dated to late Early to Mid Paleocene on the basis of dinoflagellates. It has been subdivided into two informal units, a lower phosphatic unit containing bones and nodular phosphatic layers, and an upper unit with abundant sponge remains and silliceous microfossils.
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Towards the west of this basin, the hills draw very close but soon dwindle down. Below Makrai, the river flows between Vadodara district and Narmada district and then meanders through the rich plain of Bharuch district of Gujarat state. The banks are high between the layers of old alluvial deposits, hardened mud, gravels of nodular limestone and sand. The width of the river spans from about at Makrai to near Bharuch and to an estuary of at the Gulf of Cambay.
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All of these orders, with the Fabales, form a single nitrogen-fixing clade within the wider clade of Rosids. Some fungi produce nodular structures known as tuberculate ectomycorrhizae on the roots of their plant hosts. Suillus tomentosus, for example, produces these structures with its plant host lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia). These structures have in turn been shown to host nitrogen fixing bacteria which contribute a significant amount of nitrogen and allow the pines to colonize nutrient-poor sites.
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American Institute of Architects. Retrieved on 2014-03-23. Managed Urbanisation with the view to making the urbanising process completely culturally and economically and environmentally sustainable, and as a possible solution to the urban sprawl, Frank Reale has submitted an interesting concept of Expanding Nodular Development (E.N.D.) that integrates many urban design and ecological principles, to design and build smaller rural hubs with high- grade connecting freeways, rather than adding more expensive infrastructure to existing big cities and the resulting congestion.
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The red pulp is always involved, with both nodules of larger neoplastic cells and sheets of the small neoplastic lymphocytes. Other features that may be seen include sinus invasion, epithelial histocytes, and plasmacytic differentiation of neoplastic cells. Involved hilar lymph nodes adjacent to the spleen show an effaced architecture without preservation of the marginal zone seen in the spleen. SMZL in bone marrow displays a nodular pattern with morphology similar to what is observed in the splenic hilar lymph nodes.
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However, most cases are at an advanced stage at diagnoses: further examinations frequently reveal that the disease has spread to multiple internal organs and tissues. The course of the disease is usually characterized as being poorly responsive to treatment: the disease's survival rates in past studies have been only ~46%. However, recent studies suggest that novel treatments can improve these survival rates. Many studies have found that THRLBCL can overlap with the variant form of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL).
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The malignant B-cells represent <10% of the cells in these lesions and bear resemblances to centroblast, immunoblasts, and/or the Reed–Sternberg cells found in Hodgkin disease, including in particular Hodgkin disease's nodular variant. The non-malignant T-cells generally have a reactive morphology as indicated by their larger than normal size and irregularly shaped cell nuclei. And, the histiocytes, which are not always present in these lesions, have a non-epithelial cell appearance. These infiltrates often resemble these seen in inflammation.
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The following diseases manifest by means of mucocutaneous dysfunction: acanthosis nigricans, dermatomyositis, Leser-Trélat sign, necrolytic migratory erythema, Sweet's syndrome, Florid cutaneous papillomatosis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acquired generalized hypertrichosis. Mucocutaneous dysfunctions of paraneoplastic syndromes can be seen in cases of itching (hypereosinophilia), immune system depression (latent varicella-zoster virus in sensory ganglia), pancreatic tumors (leading to adipose nodular necrosis of subcutaneous tissues, flushes (prostaglandin secretions), and even dermic melanosis (cannot be eliminated via urine and results in grey to black- blueish skin tones).
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To diagnose basal-cell carcinomas, a skin biopsy is performed for histopathologic analyses. The most common method is a shave biopsy under local anesthesia. Most nodular basal-cell cancers can be diagnosed clinically; however, other variants can be very difficult to distinguish from benign lesions such as intradermal naevus, sebaceomas, fibrous papules, early acne scars, and hypertrophic scarring. Exfoliative cytology methods have high sensitivity and specificity for confirming the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma when clinical suspicion is high but unclear usefulness otherwise.
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The inflammatory effects of crystalline silica are apparently mediated by the NALP3 inflammasome. Characteristic lung tissue pathology in nodular silicosis consists of fibrotic nodules with concentric "onion-skinned" arrangement of collagen fibers, central hyalinization, and a cellular peripheral zone, with lightly birefringent particles seen under polarized light. The silicotic nodule represents a specific tissue response to crystalline silica. In acute silicosis, microscopic pathology shows a periodic acid-Schiff positive alveolar exudate (alveolar lipoproteinosis) and a cellular infiltrate of the alveolar walls.
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After a nodule is found during a physical examination, a referral to an endocrinologist, a thyroidologist or otolaryngologist may occur. Most commonly an ultrasound is performed to confirm the presence of a nodule, and assess the status of the whole gland. Measurement of thyroid stimulating hormone and anti-thyroid antibodies will help decide if there is a functional thyroid disease such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis present, a known cause of a benign nodular goitre. Fine needle biopsy for cytopathology is also used.
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The occult form usually presents on skin around the mouth, eyes or neck, while nodular and verrucous sarcoids are common on the groin, penile sheath or face. Fibroblastic sarcoids have a predilection for the legs, groin, eyelid and sites of previous injury. Multiple forms may also be present on an individual horse (mixed form). Histologically, sarcoids are composed of fibroblasts (collagen producing cells) that invade and proliferate within the dermis and sometimes the subcutaneous tissue but do not readily metastasize to other organs.
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The nodules, in which the disease is characterized by, appear seven to nineteen days after virus inoculation. Coinciding with the appearance of the nodules, discharge from the eyes and nose becomes mucopurulent. The nodular lesions involve the dermis and the epidermis, but may extend to the underlying subcutis or even to the muscle. These lesions, occurring all over the body (but particularly on the head, neck, udder, scrotum, vulva and perineum), may be either well-circumscribed or they may coalesce.
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Sheehan played with Babylon Zoo, and The Mutton Birds in the latter half of the 1990s and returned with a solo album, Planet Painkiller in 2000, under the name Chris Starling. In 2002 the album Sounds like... Chris Starling was released by Popchild records. He joined The Sisters of Mercy as rhythm guitarist later that year, although he subsequently left the band. In July 2013, Sheehan announced through Fundrazr that he was suffering from incurable cancer (Stage 4 metastatic nodular melanoma).
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The nodule (nodular lobe), or anterior end of the inferior vermis, abuts against the roof of the fourth ventricle, and can only be distinctly seen after the cerebellum has been separated from the medulla oblongata and pons. On either side of the nodule is a thin layer of white substance, named the posterior medullary velum. It is semilunar in form, its convex border being continuous with the white substance of the cerebellum; it extends on either side as far as the flocculus.
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Bhojunda stromatolite park is an exposure inside the Bhagwanpura Limestone of the Lower Vindhyan range. They are formed by blue-green algae which forms a mat by attracting and bonding carbonate particles through their filaments into stratiform, columnar and nodular structures in carbonate rocks. Stromatolites are an indication of the earliest form of life on earth and is formed by a combination of life activity, sediment trapping and binding activity of algae and bacteria. They generally form in shallow water.
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The basis of Performance Medicine in improving athletic performance lies in the understanding that the functions of the immune system, nervous system, hormonal system, and digestive system govern adaptation to trainingP. K. Anokhin, “Nodular Mechanism of Functional Systems as a Self-regulating Apparatus,” in Progress in Brain Research, vol. 22, E. A. Asratyan, Ed. Elsevier, 1968, pp. 230–251.. All environmental stimuli (including training and nutrition) are processed by these systems, which will respond with adaptation, if their capacity permits.
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He continued to be in the first team until he was diagnosed with nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma, a rare form of cancer. As a result, it was announced that Thompson would be out for the remainder of the 2013–14 season. In Tranmere Rovers' match against Preston North End, their first since Thompson's diagnosis, both sets of fans held a minute's applause in the 7th minute. Tranmere were relegated to League Two at the end of the season, and Thompson was not offered a new contract.
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These tectonic units are: #The Czorsztyn unit, named after Czorsztyn in Poland, is found in the most northern part of the Klippen Belt. It consists of shallow marine sediments, usually Jurassic nodular limestones and Cretaceous so called couches rouges marlstones.·Biely, A. (Editor), Bezák, V., Elečko, M., Gross, P., Kaličiak, M., Konečný, V., Lexa, J., Mello, J., Nemčok, J., Potfaj, M., Rakús, M., Vass, D., Vozár, J., Vozárová, A., 1996: Explanation to geological map of Slovakia 1:500 000. Dionýz Štúr Publishers, Bratislava, 76 pp.
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Computed Tomography (CT) is generally not a recommended modality for diagnosis and evaluation of spinal cord tumors. Evaluation with Magnetic Resonance (MR) most commonly demonstrates a circumscribed solid or mixed solid and cystic mass spanning a long segment of the cord with hypointense T1 signal and hyperintense T2 signal in the solid component. Enhancement patterns are highly variable, ranging from minimal to marked, and may be solid, rim, or nodular. Adjacent cord edema and syringomyelia and peritumoral cysts may be present in addition to reactive scoliosis.
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It was done by detachment of large flakes for biface manufacture. This is a significant technological advance because the cleavers normally produced were made on large flakes, which was impossible to produce with using the nodular flint of the size available used in the European continent. Once the large flakes were detached, there were only minor modifications to get the desired end product that is now known as the flake-cleaver. There are larger collections of these flakes in the Institute of Human Paleontology in Paris.
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The feeding of various Musca species of fly permits the contaminative transmission of nematode worms, for example Parafilaria bovicola, causing a nodular filariasis in cattle. Stomoxys species transmit several species of Trypanosoma protozoa to cattle, sheep and goats causing various types of trypanosomiasis. Haematobia horn- flies transmit nematode worms in the genus Stephanofilaria to the skin of cattle, causing stephanofilariasis, a suppurating dermatitis known as hump sore. Stomoxys flies transmit the bacterium Eperythrozoon ovis to sheep and this infection may lead to fever and anemia.
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A study found that P. ochraceus will not be affected by ocean acidification in the same way as most calcareous marine animals. This normally causes decreased growth due to the increased acidity dissolving calcium carbonate. Researchers found that when P. ochraceus was exposed to and 770 ppm (beyond rises expected in the next century) that they survived. It is thought that this is because the animal's calcium is nodular and so it is able to compensate for the lack of carbonate by growing more fleshy tissue instead.
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However, those with septic shock together with pneumonia may have minimal coughing. Results of a chest X-ray can range from diffuse nodular infiltrates in those with septic shock to progressive solidification of the lungs in the upper lobes for those with pneumonia only. Excess fluid in the pleural cavity and gathering of pus within a cavity are more common for melioidosis affecting lower lobes of the lungs. In 10% of cases, people develop secondary pneumonia caused by other bacteria after the primary infection.
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Oscarella lobularis is an encrusting sponge that forms a thick layer of soft, gelatinous consistency with a velvety surface, on rocks, stones and large seaweeds. Colonies are up to wide and thick, with an irregularly lobed surface. The sides of the nodular lobes have a scattering of ostia through which water passes into the sponge, and at the top of each, a single round osculum up to in diameter, through which water exits. This sponge has neither spicules nor spongin fibres in its tissues.
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Overall, the digits are long and narrow, with minimal curvature. There is some variation with how the digits are positioned, with some specimens having digits which evenly radiate away from the sole, and others having digits which separate into two clumps, digits I-III and IV-V. The skin made pad-like impressions with a characteristic nodular shape, and small, pointed claw impressions are also present. Some specimens preserved irregularly-shaped sole impressions and/or tail drag marks, but these are not always preserved.
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The PSMB8 protein has a significant clinical role in autoimmune diseases and inflammatory reactions. For instance, patients with a homozygous missense mutation (G197V) in the immunoproteasome subunit, β type 8 (PSMB8) suffered from autoinflammatory responses that included recurrent fever and nodular erythema together with lipodystrophy. This mutation increased assembly intermediates of immunoproteasomes, resulting in decreased proteasome function and ubiquitin- coupled protein accumulation in the patient's tissues. In the patient's skin and B cells, IL-6 was also highly expressed, and there was a reduced expression of PSMB8.
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The major concern that has inhibited the use of thioguanine has been veno-occlusive disease (VOD) and its histological precursor nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH). The incidence of NRH with thioguanine was reported as between 33–76%. The risk of ensuing VOD is serious and frequently irreversible so this side effect has been a major concern. However, recent evidence using an animal model for thioguanine- induced NRH/VOD has shown that, contrary to previous assumptions, NRH/VOD is dose dependent and the mechanism for this has been demonstrated.
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PKDL lesions on hand. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a complication of visceral leishmaniasis (VL); it is characterised by a macular, maculopapular, and nodular rash in a patient who has recovered from VL and who is otherwise well. The rash usually starts around the mouth from where it spreads to other parts of the body depending on severity. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (also known as "Post-kala-azar dermatosis") found mainly on the face, arms, and upper part of the trunk.
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Interferon beta-1a and interferon beta-1b are used to treat and control multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune disorder. This treatment may help in reducing attacks in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and slowing disease progression and activity in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Interferon therapy is used (in combination with chemotherapy and radiation) as a treatment for some cancers. This treatment can be used in hematological malignancy, such as in leukemia and lymphomas including hairy cell leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, nodular lymphoma, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
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Twyford lies on the chalk at the northern edge of the Hampshire Basin, dipping south from the southern limb of the Winchester anticline. Successively younger layers of chalk are exposed from north to south, from Turonian New Pit Chalk in the Plague Pits Valley south of St. Catherine's Hill, the Lewes Nodular Chalk at Twyford Down, the Seaford Chalk under the village, to the Santonian or Campanian Newhaven Chalk to the south. In the Itchen valley to the west the chalk is overlain by alluvium and tufa deposits.British Geological Survey (2002), Winchester.
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Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is an indolent CD20(+) form of lymphoma. Some medical organizations no longer classify it as a form of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). This is because the Reed-Sternberg cell (RSC) variants (popcorn cells) that characterize this form of the disease invariably express B lymphocyte markers such as CD20 (thus making NLPHL an unusual form of Hodgkin lymphoma), and that (unlike classic HL) NLPHL may progress to diffuse large B cell lymphoma. There are small but clear differences in prognosis between the various forms.
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Recurrent aphthous ulcers are common; however, it is not clear whether this is due to Crohn's disease or simply that they are common in the general population. Other findings may include diffuse or nodular swelling of the mouth, a cobblestone appearance inside the mouth, granulomatous ulcers, or pyostomatitis vegetans. Medications that are commonly prescribed to treat CD, such as anti-inflammatory and sulfa-containing drugs, may cause lichenoid drug reactions in the mouth. Fungal infection such as candidiasis is also common, and people have a higher risk of cavities.
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This includes a spectrum of simplified cortex ranging from agyria (a total absence of cortical convolutions) to pachygyria (broadened gyri) with unusually thick cortex. Mis-migration of neurons can also result in bilateral periventricular nodular heterotopia, a disease recognized by neuronal heterotopia lining the lateral ventricles. Zellweger Syndrome is characterized by a cortical dysplasia similar to polymicrogyria of cerebral and cerebellar cortex, occasionally with pachygyria surrounding the Sylvian fissure, and focal/subependymal heterotopia. Kallmann syndrome is recognized by anosmia associated with mental retardation, hypogonadism, and the failure of the olfactory bulb to develop.
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Compared to both healthy volunteers and subjects with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, SPINA-GD is reduced in subacute thyroiditis. In this condition, it has a higher specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio than serum concentrations of thyrotropin, free T4 or free T3. These measures of diagnostic utility are also high in nodular goitre, where SPINA-GD is elevated. Among subjects with subclinical thyrotoxicosis, calculated deiodinase activity is significantly lower in exogenous thyrotoxicosis (resulting from therapy with levothyroxine) than in true hyperthyroidism (ensuing from toxic adenoma, toxic multinodular goitre or Graves' disease).
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DKC can be characterized by cutaneous pigmentation, premature graying, dystrophy of the nails, leukoplakia of the oral mucosa, continuous lacrimation due to atresia of the lacrimal ducts, often thrombocytopenia, anemia, testicular atrophy in the male carriers, and predisposition to cancer. Many of these symptoms are characteristic of geriatrics, and those carrying the more serious forms of the disease often have significantly shortened lifespans. Also liver abnormalities are associated with this syndrome, Nodular Regenerative Hypoplasia of the liver, although rare, it is one of many manifestations of liver disorders short telomeres can cause.
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Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia (IPH) is a benign lesion of the oral mucosa which is characterized by the growth of one or more nodular lesions, measuring about 2mm or less. The lesion almost exclusively involves the hard palate, and in rare instances, it also has been seen on the mandible. The lesion is mostly asymptomatic and color of the mucosa may vary from pink to red. In general, IPH is associated with the use of removable upper dentures, although it also has been found in dentulous patients with no history of a dental prosthesis.
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Malleable iron also exhibits better fracture toughness properties in low temperature environments than other nodular irons, due to its lower silicon content. The ductile to brittle transition temperature is lower than many other ductile iron alloys. In order to properly form the spherical-shaped nodules of graphite (called temper graphite nodules or temper carbon nodules) in the annealing process, care must be taken to ensure that the iron casting will solidify with an entirely white iron cross section. Thicker sections of a casting will cool slowly, allowing some primary graphite to form.
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The ductile iron used to manufacture the pipe is characterized by the spheroidal or nodular nature of the graphite within the iron. Typically, the pipe is manufactured using centrifugal casting in metal or resin lined moulds.Public Works April 15, 1995 Ductile iron mains; Water Supply and Treatment SECTION: Pg. pC34(4) Vol. V126 No. N5 Protective internal linings and external coatings are often applied to ductile iron pipes to inhibit corrosion: the standard internal lining is cement mortar and standard external coatings include bonded zinc, asphalt or water-based paint.
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A 34-year- old female was admitted with a slowly growing nodular lesion at the left nasolabial region for three years. (Tural, Selçukbiricik, Günver, Karışmaz, and Serdengecti, 2013) Written by Tural Selçukbiricik, Günver, Karışmaz, and Serdengecti, this report investigates the case of a slow growing bump on the face of a thirty-four-year-old woman. After undergoing an excisional biopsy, it was revealed that the nodule had developed into neurofibroma. Originally the patient had undergone excision however she sustained recurrence in under a year of the surgery.
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Designed around an unusual crank in which the central flywheel had a narrow section but large diameter, the new engine gained a reputation for oil leaks and unreliability. After Hopwood changed the crankshaft material from cast to nodular iron and improved the gearbox layshaft bush, the Jubilee proved more reliable and sales slowly increased. The new engine was in an old frame and the gearbox from older motorcycles in the AMC Group's range. The front frame tube was a steel pressing and the lightweight forks, brakes and wheels were Francis-Barnett parts.
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Melanopsis mourebeyensis is a species of small freshwater gastropod endemic to the Oued Oum Rbi (Oued Oum er Rbia), in Morocco. M. mourebeyensis is distinct from other Melanopsis species due to its distinctive nodular carena and inflated body whorl- the shell grows to 20 mm in length. The species occupies the lower section of the river, in which it has an abundant population despite issues with pollution, abstraction and divergence caused by irrigation which disturbs the natural shallow-riverine habitat of melanopsids. It is also vulnerable to the collection of shells.
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True cysts are rare in those with acne and the term severe nodular acne is now the preferred terminology. Acne inversa (L. invertō, "upside-down") and acne rosacea (rosa, "rose-colored" + -āceus, "forming") are not forms of acne and are alternate names that respectively refer to the skin conditions hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and rosacea. Although HS shares certain overlapping features with acne vulgaris, such as a tendency to clog skin follicles with skin cell debris, the condition otherwise lacks the hallmark features of acne and is therefore considered a distinct skin disorder.
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Micrograph of a lymph node with papillary thyroid carcinoma After a thyroid nodule is found during a physical examination, a referral to an endocrinologist or a thyroidologist may occur. Most commonly, an ultrasound is performed to confirm the presence of a nodule and assess the status of the whole gland. Measurement of thyroid stimulating hormone and antithyroid antibodies will help decide if a functional thyroid disease such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis is present, a known cause of a benign nodular goiter. Measurement of calcitonin is necessary to exclude the presence of medullary thyroid cancer.
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Under heavy infestation, R. echinobothrida is listed as one of the most pathogenic tapeworms, causing conspicuous intestinal nodules in chicken, with characteristic hyperplastic enteritis associated with the formation of granuloma. The symptom is termed “nodular tapeworm disease” in poultry. Intestinal nodules often result in degeneration and necrosis of intestinal villi, accompanied by anaemia with a significant increase of total leukocyte counts and decrease of total serum protein. The nodules can measure up to 6 mm in diameter, which can be seen as rugged swellings on autopsy, and often cause catarrh and enteritis.
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The Assenta Member is around 300 metres thick and predominantly consists of mudstones with frequent layers of caliche. Near the top of the member several layers of tens of metres thick nodular and marly bioclastic limestones are present, containing marine benthic forams, the nodularity is derived from intense Thalassinoides burrowing. It is predominately late Tithonian in age, with the last few metres probably being earliest Berriasian. The environment of deposition is interpreted as being an upper fluvial-dominated delta to meandering fluvial systems flowing on a paralic plain.
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Lisch nodule, also known as iris hamartoma, is a pigmented hamartomatous nodular aggregate of dendritic melanocytes affecting the iris, named after Austrian ophthalmologist Karl Lisch (1907–1999), who first recognized them in 1937. The first published use of the term, "Lisch nodule," was in the New England Journal of Medicine "Medical Progress" series article of December 31, 1981 (Riccardi VM: Von Recklinghausen Neurofibromatosis. N Engl J Med 1981;305:1617-27). These nodules are found in neurofibromatosis type 1, and are present in greater than 94% of patients over the age of six.
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The prolonged survival made Minnie's case unique at the time. The reason behind this survival remains a mystery, since an autopsy of Minnie was refused after her death. However, the most likely explanation, proposed by J. Aidan Carney and based on statistical evidence, was that the basophil adenoma Minnie might have harbored underwent partial infarction, leading to symptom regression. The other hypothesis was that Minnie might have suffered from Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease (PPNAD), which when associated with Cushing's syndrome (Carney complex) can infrequently cause spontaneous symptom regression of the latter.
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M. capillaris is less pathogenic in sheep, because it normally only affects the subpleural space resulting in less pathology. However, goats may present with coughing, pneumonia, weight loss, reduced weight gains, and lethargy. More serious infections seldomly occur, because ruminants must ingest a large amount of snails or slugs for severe infections to occur, but serious infections result in bronchopneumonia and eventually death of the animal. 2 centimeter nodular lesions in the lungs will also be visible upon a necropsy; the nodules may be filled with white pus.
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Simple CWP is marked by the presence of 1–2 mm nodular aggregations of anthracotic macrophages, supported by a fine collagen network, within the lungs. Those 1–2 mm in diameter are known as coal macules, with larger aggregations known as coal nodules. These structures occur most frequently around the initial site of coal dust accumulation — the upper regions of the lungs around respiratory bronchioles. The coal macule is the basic pathological feature of CWP and has a surrounding area of enlargement of the airspace, known as focal emphysema.
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Erythroplakia (erythroplasia) is an entirely red patch that cannot be attributed to any other cause. Erythroleukoplakia can therefore be considered a variant of either leukoplakia or erythroplakia since its appearance is midway between. Erythroleukoplakia frequently occurs on the buccal mucosa in the commisural area (just inside the cheek at the corners of the mouth) as a mixed lesion of white nodular patches on an erythematous background, although any part of the mouth may be affected. Erythroleukoplakia and erythroplakia have a higher risk of cancerous changes than homogeneous leukoplakia.
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The presence of BCL6 can be demonstrated in tissue sections using immunohistochemistry. It is exclusively present in the B-cells of both healthy and neoplastic germinal centres. It therefore demonstrates both reactive hyperplasia in lymph nodes and a range of lymphomas derived from follicular B-cells, such as Burkitt's lymphoma, follicular lymphoma and the nodular lymphocyte predominant subtype of Hodgkin's disease. It is often used together with antibodies to Bcl-2 antigen to distinguish neoplastic follicles from those found in benign hyperplasia, for which Bcl-2 is negative.
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Some genetically determined forms have recently been found to be due to autoinflammatory syndromes linked to a proteasome anomaly through PSMB8. They result in a lipodystrophy syndrome that occurs secondarily with fever, dermatosis and panniculitis, and Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome, a distinct inherited inflammatory and wasting disease that is originated from Japan. Patients with Nakajo- Nishimura syndrome, develop periodic high fever and nodular erythema-like eruptions, and gradually progress lipomuscular atrophy in the upper body, mainly the face and the upper extremities, to show the characteristic thin facial appearance and long clubbed fingers with joint contractures.
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These structures are usually the dominant histological feature of this cancer. There are several synonymous and obsolete terms for FL such as CB/CC lymphoma (centroblastic and centrocytic lymphoma), nodular lymphoma, Brill-Symmers Disease, and the subtype designation, follicular large-cell lymphoma. In the USA and Europe, this disease is the second most common form of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, exceeded only by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. FL accounts for 10-20% of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with ~15,000 new cases of it being newly diagnosed each year in the USA and Europe.
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Early diagnosis of the ZTTK syndrome can be determined by brain imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain of ZTTK syndrome patients have revealed significant abnormalities. Abnormal gyration patterns were seen, including polymicrogyria; many unusually small folds in the brain, simplified gyria; reduced number and shallow appearance of gyri, and periventricular nodular heterotopia; failure of neurons to migrate properly during early development of the fetal brain. Ventriculomegaly can also be observed in MRI where the lateral ventricles become dilated in the foetus and can contribute to developmental delays in ZTTK syndrome individual.
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The formation consists of highly fossiliferous nodular argillaceous limestone at its base and in its upper portion, with shale dominating the middle section and interbedding with the limestone towards the top of the formation. Total thickness is . The formation conformably overlies the Smeltertown Formation and grades into the overlying Mesilla Valley Formation. The formation is interpreted as an outer shelf formation that later experienced shallowing and deposition of limestone in an inner shelf environment subject to storm influence, then deepened again to deposit shale with some storm layers.
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Levothyroxine is typically used to treat hypothyroidism, and is the treatment of choice for people with hypothyroidism, who often require lifelong thyroid hormone therapy. It may also be used to treat goiter via its ability to lower thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which is considered goiter-inducing. Levothyroxine is also used as interventional therapy in people with nodular thyroid disease or thyroid cancer to suppress TSH secretion. A subset of people with hypothyroidism treated with an appropriate dose of levothyroxine will describe continuing symptoms despite TSH levels in the normal range.
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While fossils can be found in all grain types, more detailed specimens are found in the fine grained material. A second type of burial is the non-clastic rock, form where the rock is made up of the precipitation of compacted fossil material, types of rock include limestone and coal. The third fossil bearing material is the evaporates, which precipitate out of concentrated dissolved salts to form nodular deposits, examples include rock salt and phosphate concentrations. The evaporates are usually associated with gastropod, algae, vertebrate, and trace fossils.
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The valvetrain was also updated, although it was still based on a single, center-block-located camshaft pushing on hydraulic lifters and pushrods, one for each rocker arm. However, the cast nodular iron camshaft was of the "roller" type, with each lobe acting upon a hydraulic lifter with a roller bearing on the bottom; this made for a quieter, cooler-running valvetrain, but also allowed for a more aggressive valve lift. Each of the lifters acted upon a steel pushrod, which were of the "oil-through" type. This was another change for the Magnum.
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Platygyra lamellina showing meandering corallites and evenly arranged septa Colonies of P. lamellina usually form massive rounded mounds, sometimes with nodular swellings, but may also form flat plates. The corallites are long, narrow and meandering, with thick walls which are up to one and a half times the thickness of the valleys between them. The septa protrude slightly and are rounded and even; they are very neatly arranged, and cross the valley walls. This coral is usually some shade of brown, with the valley bottoms sometimes being greenish or grey.
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Curtiss- Wright purchased a license for the Sapphire in 1950, with plans to have the production lines running in 1951. However a series of delays due to design changes by Curtiss-Wright, such as substituting the Sapphire's machined midsection solid forged diffuser frame with a fabricated one of welded nodular iron,"World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines - 5th edition" by Bill Gunston, Sutton Publishing, 2006, p.249 led to its service introduction slipping two years. The fabricated assembly, a more practicable production job with about one fifth the cost, was subsequently adopted for the Sapphire.
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Nodular glomerulosclerosis characteristic of diabetic nephropathy (Source: CDC) In her career as a researcher, she has expanded understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy, which has, in turn, changed the practice patterns for treatment of the disease. Her work uncovered the important effect of ACE inhibitors in modifying the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Her studies provided support for initiating large scale clinical trials, which have resulted in improvements in patient care. This has contributed to lower predicted numbers of patient who will require dialysis due to end-stage kidney disease.
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An artist's interpretation Neptunidraco (meaning "Neptune's dragon") is an extinct genus of carnivorous marine crocodyliform which lived during the middle Jurassic period (late Bajocian to earliest Bathonian stage) in what is now northeastern Italy. It is known from a partial skeleton (incomplete skull with mandible) recovered from the nodular limestone of the Rosso Ammonitico Veronese Formation. This specimen had been provisionally referred to an unnamed species of Late Jurassic Metriorhynchus or Geosaurus. Neptunidraco was named by Andrea Cau and Federico Fanti in 2011 and the type species is Neptunidraco ammoniticus.
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The spores of C. helenae have a spherical or ovoid shape, with dimensions of 12–14 µm long by 15–19 µm wide. They tend to be slightly narrower at one end, and commonly have a spore wall thickness of 1.5 µm. Cyathus helenae is distinguished from the more common C. striatus by its faint inner-surface plication (C. striatus has a more pronounced plication), the nodular arrangement of the hairs on the outer surface, and microscopically by the spore shape – ellipsoid in C. striatus, ovoid or spheroidal in C. helenae.
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The Inverclyde Group is present in a couple of outliers immediately north of the Highland Boundary Fault to the east and west of Loch Lomond. The eastern outlier forms the ground just to the north of Conic Hill and is assigned to the Kinnesswood Formation which consists of sandstones, often conglomeratic at their base, together with mudstones and cornstones (nodular carbonates). The Ballaggan Formation which includes mudstones and siltstones within which are thin beds (or sometimes just nodules) of ferroan dolomite, traditionally referred to as ‘cementstones’, is represented by a very small inlier on the park's southwestern boundary.
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On 1 November 2013, it emerged that Thompson had been diagnosed with nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma, a rare form of cancer, and that he would immediately begin chemotherapy as treatment for the disease. Tranmere Rovers chief executive Mick Horton said, "Joe will get all the love and support we can give him". The diagnosis shocked his former teammate Jack Redshaw and his former manager Ronnie Moore and Keith Hill. On 16 June 2014, Thompson announced via his Twitter page he had completed remission and that he "Can't wait to get back out on the Football pitch".
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Turkeypox virus is a virus of the family Poxviridae and the genus Avipoxvirus that causes turkeypox. It is one of the most common diseases in the wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) population. Turkeypox, like all avipoxviruses, is transmitted either through skin contact or by arthropods (typically mosquitos) acting as mechanical vectors. Turkeypox virus was first reported in a turkey flock in New York by E.L. Burnett, and may be identified by nodular proliferative skin lesions on the non-feathered parts of the body and in the fibrino-necrotic and proliferative lesions in the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract.
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The columella is almost straight, subverrucose, and of a reddish yellow.Kiener (1840). General species and iconography of recent shells : comprising the Massena Museum, the collection of Lamarck, the collection of the Museum of Natural History, and the recent discoveries of travellers; Boston :W.D. Ticknor,1837 (described as Buccinum anglicanum ) The shell is dull brown with fine ridges along the spirals and a papery outer layer that peels off when dead, but in life is usually encrusted by the commensal bryozoan Alcyonidium nodosum which gives a slightly nodular velvety appearance in purplish to orangy brownsBranch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E. (2010).
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The fluid, which may contain suspended foreign material such as bacteria and viruses, seeps through blood vessel walls into the tissues, where it bathes the body cells and exchanges substances with them. Some of this lymph fluid is then taken up by lymphatic vessels and passed back to the heart, where it is again mixed with the blood. On its way, the fluid passes through the lymph nodes, small nodular organs located throughout the body but concentrated in certain areas such as the armpits or groin. These lymph nodes are also known as glands or lymphoid tissue.
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However, Morrás and colleagues (2009) have argued that stonelayers in these soils are basal components of soil biomantles. After World War II, the stonelayer was given new names, “carpedolith,” “chert-line,” “nappes de gravats,” “lit de cailloux d’epaisseur,” “concentration de quartz,” “linea de piedras,” “nodular layer,” “stiensohle,” “biogenic marker horizon,” “gravel horizon,” and “pedisediment,” among others. The common presence in them of human artifacts, precious-semiprecious stones (diamonds, emeralds, etc.) and metals (gold, silver, tin, etc.) has piqued the interest of geologists, geographers, archaeologists, mining specialists, and engineers (Aleva 1983, 1987; Brink 1985; Brink et al. 1982; Johnson et al.
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This type of epulis is neither pyogenic ("pus producing") nor a true granuloma, but it is a vascular lesion. About 75% of all pyogenic granulomas occur on the gingiva, growing beneath the gingival margin, although they may also occur elsewhere in the mouth or other parts of the body (where the term epulis is inappropriate). This common oral lesion is thought to be a reaction to recurrent trauma or a response to non-specific infection. It is more common in younger people and in females, and appears as a red-purple nodular swelling and bleeds easily.
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The period Upper Givetian till Frasnian witnessed pronounced lithological differences and increased sedimentation rates. In the Lower Frasnian, reef complexes developed, yet at the same time siliciclastic material was being delivered into the western, central, and Basque domain. At the beginning of the Middle Famennian, the sedimentation in the Pyrenees became more uniform again and until the end of the Devonian, monotonous, condensed cephalopod-bearing limestones were laid down (Griotte limestones and grey to pinkish, nodular Supragriotte limestones). Towards the end of the Famennian, first hiati started to appear leading to complete emersion of the western Pyrenees at the onset of the Mississippian.
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The developing worms then penetrate the intestinal tissues, causing nodular lesion formation in the intestines and colon; it is in these nodules that the larvae mature to stage four larvae. These larvae may then emerge from their nodules and migrate back to the intestinal lumen, where they mature into adults. But many larvae often do not complete development and remain in their colon nodules, as humans are generally unsuitable hosts for Oesophagostomum. The instances where Oesophagostomum have completed development in humans seem to be dependent on certain environmental and host factors that have yet to be identified.
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Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis () is a word coined by the president of the National Puzzlers' League as a synonym for the disease known as silicosis. It is the longest word in the English language published in a dictionary, Oxford Dictionaries, which defines it as "an artificial long word said to mean a lung disease caused by inhaling very fine ash and sand dust". Silicosis is a form of occupational lung disease caused by inhalation of crystalline silica dust, and is marked by inflammation and scarring in the form of nodular lesions in the upper lobes of the lungs. It is a type of pneumoconiosis.
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Hepatic adenoma is usually detected by imaging, typically an ultrasound or CT, as a hyperenhancing liver nodule. Given that several liver tumors appear similarly on these imaging modalities, a multi-phase contrast-enhanced imaging study such as CT or MRI may be used to provide more information. The significance of making a specific diagnosis is that, unlike other benign liver tumors such as hemangioma and focal nodular hyperplasia, hepatic adenomas have a small but meaningful risk of progressing into a malignancy. Although imaging provides supportive information, a definitive diagnosis of hepatic adenoma requires biopsy of the tissue.
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They can be divided into three sequences: a detrital sequence at the base (sands with shelly debris and lignite intercalations) followed by a calcareous sequence (reddish-brownish to greyish limestones) and another detrital sequence at the top (greyish-blackish to greenish claystones that are very rich in oysters). Concordantly on top of the Cenomanian follow the Turonian deposits which can be subdivided into 15–40 m of Ligérian (chalky, nodular limestones) and 35–65 m of Angoumian (rudist limestones). The overlying Coniacian is slightly discordant. It consists of hard fossiliferous limestones reaching a thickness of 50–80 m.
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Ford FE 428 Special Interceptor engine from a 1967 Shelby G.T. 500 With its bore size, the 427 block was expensive to manufacture as the slightest shifting of the casting cores could make a block casting unusable. Therefore, Ford combined attributes that had worked well in previous incarnations of the FE – a stroke and a bore – to create an easier-to-make engine with nearly identical displacement. The engine used a cast nodular iron crankshaft and external balancer. 428 FE engines were fitted to Galaxies (badged simply as '7 Litre') and Thunderbirds in the 1966 and 1967 model years.
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The importance of DHT in causing nodular hyperplasia is supported by clinical observations in which an inhibitor of 5α-reductase such as finasteride is given to men with this condition. Therapy with a 5α-reductase inhibitor markedly reduces the DHT content of the prostate and, in turn, reduces prostate volume and BPH symptoms. Testosterone promotes prostate cell proliferation, but relatively low levels of serum testosterone are found in patients with BPH. One small study has shown that medical castration lowers the serum and prostate hormone levels unevenly, having less effect on testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels in the prostate.
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Microcomedones (the precursor to blackheads and whiteheads) are not visible to the naked eye when inspecting the skin and require a microscope to be seen. Many features may indicate that a person's acne vulgaris is sensitive to hormonal influences. Historical and physical clues that may suggest hormone-sensitive acne include onset between ages 20 and 30; worsening the week before a woman's period; acne lesions predominantly over the jawline and chin; and inflammatory/nodular acne lesions. Several scales exist to grade the severity of acne vulgaris, but disagreement persists about the ideal one for diagnostic use.
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As sea levels began to fall, oxygen levels normalized throughout the platform, leading to a boom in biodiversity. Much of the Grier Member was deposited in waters with little wave action, so unabraded fossils of bryozoans and brachiopods are exceedingly abundant. Crinoids were also very common during the time of deposition, but few are preserved as complete fossils. The presence of gastropods with lime mud indicates that the environment was also highly rich in algae, while the lenticular and nodular structure of some beds point to an abundance of soft- bodied burrowing organisms which have not been fossilized.
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Alternative transcripts of this gene have been found, but their full-length natures have not been determined. Stimulation of PAK1 activity is accompanied by a series of cellular processes that are fundamental to living systems. Being a nodular signaling molecule, PAK1 operates to converging station of a large number of signals triggered by proteins on the cell surface as well as upstream activators, and translates into specific phenotypes. At the biochemical level, these activities are regulated by the ability of PAK1 to phosphorylate its effector interacting substrates, which in-turn set-up a cascade of biochemical events cumulating into a cellular phenotypic response.
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Ordovician rocks include numerous limestone and marl sequences in the Kunda, Aseri, Lasnamae, Uhaku, Idavere, Johvi, Keila, Rakvere, Nabala, Vormsi, Pirgu and Porkuni stages. Juuru Stage microcrystalline nodular limestone and red marl from the Silurian transgressively overlies Ordovician rocks, ascending through a sequence that includes the Raikkula, Adavere, Jaani, Jaagarahu, Siesartis, Dubysa, Pagegiai, Minija and Jura stage rocks, which include argillite, dolomite, marl, clay and other basin sediments. The early DevonianTilzee and Stoniskiai Stage rocks are disconformably overlain by the Kemeri Stage with clays and siltstones up to 170 meters thick. This is in-turn overlain disconformably by the Rezekne Stage.
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Micrograph showing a classic Reed–Sternberg cell Micrograph showing a "popcorn cell", the Reed–Sternberg cell variant seen in nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma.H&E; stain Reed–Sternberg cells (also known as lacunar histiocytes for certain types) are distinctive, giant cells found with light microscopy in biopsies from individuals with Hodgkin lymphoma. They are usually derived from B lymphocytes, classically considered crippled germinal center B cells. In the vast majority of cases, the immunoglobulin genes of Reed-Sternberg cells have undergone both V(D)J recombination and somatic hypermutation, establishing an origin from a germinal center or postgerminal center B cell.
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Developed in 1948, nodular or ductile cast iron has its graphite in the form of very tiny nodules with the graphite in the form of concentric layers forming the nodules. As a result, the properties of ductile cast iron are that of a spongy steel without the stress concentration effects that flakes of graphite would produce. The carbon percentage present is 3-4% and percentage of silicon is 1.8-2.8%.Tiny amounts of 0.02 to 0.1% magnesium, and only 0.02 to 0.04% cerium added to these alloys slow the growth of graphite precipitates by bonding to the edges of the graphite planes.
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Anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies are specific for the autoantigen TPO, a 105kDa glycoprotein that catalyses iodine oxidation and thyroglobulin tyrosyl iodination reactions in the thyroid gland. Most antibodies produced are directed to conformational epitopes of the immunogenic carboxyl-terminal region of the TPO protein, although antibodies to linear epitopes have been seen. Anti-TPO antibodies are the most common anti-thyroid autoantibody, present in approximately 90% of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 75% of Graves' disease and 10-20% of nodular goiter or thyroid carcinoma. Also, 10-15% of normal individuals can have high level anti-TPO antibody titres.
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Genes related to FLCN and diseases similar to BHD have been found in dogs, fruit flies, rats, and mice. In German Shepherd dogs, missense mutations in the canine ortholog of FLCN cause a similar phenotype to human BHD—kidney cancers (in this case, multifocal renal cystadenocarcinoma) and skin tumors (nodular dermatofibrosis). They had a similar pattern of tumorigenesis to human BHD in that the skin lesions were heterozygous for the FLCN mutation and the renal tumors were likely caused by loss of heterozygosity. Female German shepherds with a FLCN mutation are also prone to uterine leiomyomas.
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An elevated risk of developing tertiary hyperparathyroidism exists when late stage kidney disease is not corrected timely. This is due to a hyperphosphatemia acting directly on the parathyroid glands. Genetically, those who suffer an X-linked dominant disorder that disrupts phosphate transport at the renal tubules (X-Linked hypophosphatemic rickets) and are receiving oral phosphate treatment have shown to be at high risk of developing tertiary hyperparathyroidism in the absence of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Recurring tertiary hyperparathyroidism is generally seen to be caused by incomplete parathyroidectomy without renal transplant and the risk is increased when the parathyroid tissue left after surgery is that of a nodular type.
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Anguanax is known solely from the holotype MPPL 18797, currently housed at the Museo Paleontologico e della Preistoria ‘P. Leonardi’ in Ferrara. The skeleton, still articulated in several blocks of limestone, consists of a partial skull including the lower jaw, 32 isolated teeth, neck, back and tail vertebrae, a right pectoral girdle, a partial left humerus, a left radius, a left ulna, three left carpals, a partial pelvis, a femur, two epipodials, isolated metapodials and phalanges. It was collected during the 1980s from a nodular and cherty limestone interval at the Kaberlaba quarry in the Asiago Municipality of the Vicenza Province of northern Italy.
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Taxonomic composition of Mediterranean Early Jurassic brachiopod faunas from Hungary: Niche replacement and depth control. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica, 21, 43–50. On the uppermost Pliensbachian strata there is a series of beds that consists of greenish-gray limestone and marl, which also contain crinoids and brachiopods, being the last unit under the Manganese Ore. The Upper Liassic (Toarcian) sequence is composed mostly by the Úrkút Manganese and the Éplény Limestone (Late Toarcian-Aalenian), and starts with thick bedded, gray, Radiolaria-bearing, argillaceous marl containing several intercalations of manganese carbonate, or rarely, manganese oxides, with the top of the sequence being a brown to purple nodular Limestone with light green spots.
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Laser ablation of thyroid nodules is a minimally invasive procedure indicated to treat benign thyroid lesions such as cold nodules or single nodules within a multinodular goiter. The technique consists in the destruction of the tissue by the insertion therein of optical fibers which convey the light energy, causing a complete and not reversible lesions necrosis. The therapeutic outcome is the reduction in volume of the nodule, and as a result of local symptoms, such as compression, and reduction or loss of visibility of nodular goiter. The goal of therapy is to destroy the lesion without removing the organ, thus preserving its normal anatomy.
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Large warts, showing the cauliflower-like appearance BPV is highly prevalent, with around 50% of cattle being estimated to bear lesions in the UK. Cutaneous warts are most common in younger animals (under 2 years) and usually spontaneously regress due to the animal's immune response without significant scarring. The duration of infection is very variable (from one month to over a year) and recurrence is possible. Warts caused by the Xipapillomavirus group have a cauliflower-like appearance and can attain the size of a fist; most common on the head, neck and shoulders, they may also occur in other locations. Cutaneous fibropapillomas caused by Deltapapillomavirus group have a nodular appearance.
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The 428 Super Cobra Jet (also known as the 428SCJ) used the same top end, pistons, cylinder heads, camshaft, valve train, induction system, exhaust manifolds, and engine block as the 428 Cobra Jet. However, the crankshaft and connecting rods were strengthened and associated balancing altered for drag racing. A nodular iron crankshaft casting #1UA was used as well as heavier 427 "Le Mans" connecting rods with capscrews instead of bolts for greater durability. The heavier connecting rods and the removal of the centre counterweight on the stock 428 Cobra Jet crankshaft (1UA), required an external weight on the snout of the crankshaft for balancing.
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At a FDA Advisory Committee on May 3, 2004, the Genasense data were felt to be insufficient, and the drug was not approved. A followup study by Genta, which was intended to show a survival benefit in a subset of patients with advanced melanoma, was unsuccessful. Genasense faced a similar regulatory outcome in the review of its randomized trial of standard chemotherapy with or without Genasense in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In this trial, the primary endpoint was response rate – a primary approval endpoint for other CLL drugs, but more rigorously defined in this study as limited to complete plus nodular partial response (CR/nPR).
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Slice of a lung affected by silicosis When small silica dust particles are inhaled, they can embed themselves deeply into the tiny alveolar sacs and ducts in the lungs, where oxygen and carbon dioxide gases are exchanged. There, the lungs cannot clear out the dust by mucous or coughing. When fine particles of crystalline silica dust are deposited in the lungs, macrophages that ingest the dust particles will set off an inflammatory response by releasing tumor necrosis factors, interleukin-1, leukotriene B4 and other cytokines. In turn, these stimulate fibroblasts to proliferate and produce collagen around the silica particle, thus resulting in fibrosis and the formation of the nodular lesions.
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A local Purcell limestone member, of inter-bedded calcitic shale and limestone, divides the Marcellus in eastern Pennsylvania. The Purcell is stratigraphically equivalent to the Cherry Valley Limestone member in New York, a bioclastic packstone, consisting of skeletal limestones, with shaly intervals between its lower massive limestone layer, thick nodular limestone/marlstone, and upper limestone layer. Other named members include the Bakoven Shale, Cardiff Shale, Chittenango shale, Solsville sandstone, Union Springs shale and limestone, and Stony Hollow shale and limestone. The Union Springs, Cherry Valley, and Oatka Creek merge beneath Lake Erie, into the Bell Shale, Rockport Quarry Limestone, and Arkona Shale of Ontario.
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Mutations in the SON gene and or SON haploinsufficiency compromises SON- mediated RNA splicing and contributes to the complex developmental defects observed in individuals with ZTTK syndrome. Erroneous SON function causes insufficient production of downstream targets, genome instability and disrupted cell cycle progression which are fundamental to the developmental defects and organ abnormalities in individuals with ZTTK syndrome. For example, FLNA haploinsufficiency observed in individuals with ZTTK syndrome is the main cause of a rare brain disorder, periventricular nodular heterotopia. De novo LoF mutations in TUBG1 can result in microcephaly and cortical malformations due to compromised SON-mediated RNA splicing in affected ZTTK syndrome individuals.
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Actinic prurigo is a rare sunlight-induced, pruritic, papular or nodular skin eruption. Some medical experts use the term actinic prurigo to denote a rare photodermatosis that develops in childhood and is chronic and persistent; this rare photodermatosis, associated with the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DR4, is often called "Familial polymorphous light eruption of American Indians" or "Hereditary polymorphous light eruption of American Indians" but some experts consider it to be a variant of the syndrome known as polymorphous light eruption (PMLE). Some experts use the term actinic prurigo for Hutchinson's summer prurigo (aka hydroa aestivale) and several other photodermatoses that might, or might not, be distinct clinical entities.
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People may present with pure lower motor neuron syndrome, a symptom of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). RILP may also be misdiagnosed as leptomeningeal metastasis often showing nodular MRI enhancement of the cauda equina nerve roots or having increased CSF protein content. Other differential diagnoses to consider are Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy, neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy, paraneoplastic neuronopathy, diabetic lumbosacral plexopathy, degenerative disk disease (osteoporosis of the spine), Osteoarthritis of the spine, Lumbar Spinal Stenosis, post-infectious plexopathy, carcinomatous meningitis (CM), mononeuritis multiplex, and chemotherapy-induced plexopathy. The testing to resolve a RILP diagnosis involves blood serum analysis, X-rays, EMG, MRI and Cerebrospinal Fluid analysis.
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Tuberculosis can present in dry, wet or fibrotic forms and can strongly mimic peritoneal carcinomatosis; ascites with smooth or irregular peritoneal thickening are common findings. Presence of hepatic or splenic miliary microabscesses, splenomegaly, inflammatory thickening of the terminal ileum and caecum and caseous lymphadenopathy in appropriate clinical scenario support abdominal tuberculosis. Pseudomyxoma peritonei should be kept in mind if hypo-attenuating deposits are scalloping the visceral surface of intraperitoneal solid organ margins with calcified peritoneal and/or omental deposits. Presence of nodular peritoneal / omental / mesenteric deposits in scenario of old splenic injury possibility of splenosis should be considered. Lymph node involvement, encasement of the mesenteric vasculature, producing the „„sandwich‟‟ sign are helpful in differentiation of peritoneal lymphomatosis.
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The Buildwas Formation comprises olive-green and grey calcareous mudstones and nodular to lenticular calcareous mudstones and argillaceous limestones with shell fragments present throughout. The basal part of the formation consists of grey-green rubbly mudstones, containing comminuted shell debris and overlies the mottled green, grey and purple mudstones of the Rubery Formation with a thick transition in colour and upward decrease in number of hard siltstone beds. The top of the Buildwas Formation shows a gradational increase in thickness of beds and a number of limestone beds, where it grades into the overlying Barr Limestone Formation. The thickness of the formation ranges from , with the thinnest outcrops occurring near Walsall thickening towards Wenlock Edge.
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In 2011, a class action lawsuit was filed in United States District Court in New Jersey against Daimler AG, Mercedes-Benz, Mercedes-AMG for alleged defects in the M156 engine contained in AMG vehicles built in 2007-2011 model years leading to premature wear. The plaintiff claimed the combination of cast nodular iron camshafts and 9310 grade steel valve lifters contributed to the premature wear, but the defendants had known about the defect since 2007.Class action lawsuit to be filed against Mercedes alleges AMG V8 defects The lawsuit lasted approximately 14-months. In November, 2012, litigation came to a halt when the New Jersey District Court dismissed the plaintiffs’ first amended complaint for lack of standing.
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The histopathologic (i.e. microscopic) examination of EMZL lesions typically reveals a vaguely nodular or diffuse pattern of cells. The malignant cells in these lesions have, in varying proportions, the morphology of small-to-medium-sized lymphocytes, centrocyte- like B cells, centroblast-like B cells, monocyte-like B cells, plasma cell- like B cells, and/or large B cells. When the large B cells form prominent sheets that are clearly separated from cells with the other, low-grade malignant morphologies, the disease may be transforming to the far more aggressive malignancy, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This transformation occurs in ~18% of patients at a median of 4–5 years after the original diagnosis of EMZL.
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Treatment is dependent on the specific type of cancer, location of the cancer, age of the person, and whether the cancer is primary or a recurrence. For a small basal-cell cancer in a young person, the treatment with the best cure rate (Mohs surgery or CCPDMA) might be indicated. In the case of an elderly frail man with multiple complicating medical problems, a difficult to excise basal-cell cancer of the nose might warrant radiation therapy (slightly lower cure rate) or no treatment at all. Topical chemotherapy might be indicated for large superficial basal-cell carcinoma for good cosmetic outcome, whereas it might be inadequate for invasive nodular basal-cell carcinoma or invasive squamous-cell carcinoma.
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Ogoveidae are moderately sized Cyphophthalmi, at 3.4 to 5 mm long, and dark reddish-brown in color as adults. Like most members of the Sternophthalmi, they are completely eyeless, exhibit opisthosomal exocrine glands located on the sternum, and possess a complete corona analis (fusion of sternites 8 & 9, and tergite 9), as well as laterally projecting ozophores. Their body is covered with distinct granulations, as well as a variety of different types of sensory hairs and structures, including a solea (modified area with a high concentration of sensory setae) on the first pair of tarsi. The chelicerae exhibit a smooth, robust, second segment, as well as a dorsal crest, small ventral process, and large, uniform, nodular teeth.
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This outcrop is currently assigned to the upper part of the Usili Formation, formerly known as the Kawinga Formation, of the Songea Group of the Ruhuhu Basin. Recent studies have described this formation as a 260 meters thick fluviolacustrine succession made up of a lowermost conglomeratic interval that is approximately 5 meters thick, grading up into a trough cross- bedded, coarse-grained, sandstone-dominated interval that is 25–40 meters thick, overlain by massive nodular siltstone and laminated mudstone beds with minor ribbon sandstones forming the bulk of the succession. Sidor et al. (2010) recognized only one tetrapod faunal assemblage in the Usili Formation, which includes, in addition to Aenigmastropheus, temnospondyls, pareiasaurs, gorgonopsians, therocephalians, cynodonts, and dicynodonts.
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On 28 February 1998 Horton published a controversial paper by Andrew Wakefield and 12 co-authors with the title "Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children" suggesting that vaccines could cause autism. The publication of the paper set off a sharp decline in vaccinations in Europe and America and in subsequent years globally. In the United Kingdom, the Health Protection Agency attributed a large measles outbreak in 2008 and 2009 to a concurrent drop in the number of children receiving the MMR vaccine. Pockets of measles – which can be fatal —have also cropped up in Canada and the United States as a result of parents' refusal to vaccinate.
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Oil in these sands is mainly found in pinch-out structures, in which oil is trapped in more permeable sub-units within impermeable sands. Underneath this unit, separated by an unconformity, is the larger Modelo Formation, consisting of several sand units: the D/M Sands (the topmost), the Hauser Sand, around below sea level, and the Ogden Sand, around below sea level. Beneath the Ogden Sand is a nodular shale unit, also grouped with the Modelo; it contains no oil. Both the Ogden and the Hauser are richly productive, while a few oil-bearing pinch-outs are found in the D/M sand, which otherwise forms an impermeable cap to the Hauser.
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Predominantly diffuse follicular lymphoma with 1p36 deletion is a rare subtype of FL in which involved lymph nodes show infiltrations of centrocytes and centoblasts that generally do not form the nodular, swirling patterns characteristic of most types of FL. In addition, these cells lack the t(14:18)(q32:q21.3) translocation commonly found in other FL types but, similar to many FL cases, have a deletion in the terminal part of the short (i.e. "p") arm of chromosome 1 that encodes the TNFRSF14 gene (see pathophysiology section). Predominantly diffuse follicular lymphoma with 1p36 deletion usually presents with bulky enlargements of inguinal (i.e. groin) lymph nodes but may present with enlargements of the axillary (i.e.
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As the shell grows the anterior beaded cordon becomes situated more near the centre of the exposed whorl and (on the fourth whorl about twenty) the nodulations represent the posterior terminations of narrow very protractive axial riblets, which on the fifth whorl fade out on the base. The anal fasciole is conspicuously marked with arcuate, close, fine ripples. In front of the shoulder in the young the whole base of the shell and siphonal canal are covered with close, fine, spiral threads, which as the shell grows older appear also on the anal fasciole. On the other hand in the older shells the nodular band next the suture and that at the periphery become less prominently sculptured and the ribs almost obsolete.
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Most people with coeliac disease have a small intestine that appears to be normal on endoscopy before the biopsies are examined. However, five findings have been associated with a high specificity for coeliac disease: scalloping of the small bowel folds (pictured), paucity in the folds, a mosaic pattern to the mucosa (described as a "cracked-mud" appearance), prominence of the submucosa blood vessels, and a nodular pattern to the mucosa. European guidelines suggest that in children and adolescents with symptoms compatible with coeliac disease, the diagnosis can be made without the need for intestinal biopsy if anti-tTG antibodies titres are very high (10 times the upper limit of normal). Until the 1970s, biopsies were obtained using metal capsules attached to a suction device.
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However, it has also been reported that the nodulation by the species on chickpea was reduced by water deficiency. Dual-inoculation of Glomus mosseae and Mesorhizobium mediterraneum could help Lathyrus sativus resist sulphate salinity stress while growth of Mesorhizobium mediterraneum was also found to be intolerant of salt stress of 200 mM NaCl. Mesorhizobium mediterraneum helped chickpea resist osmotic stress by enhancing nodular peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities. Besides chickpea, Mesorhizobium mediterraneum and/or its closely related taxa have also been found to form symbiotic relationships with many other crops and plants, including wild liquorice (Astragalus glycyphyllos), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik), the South African legume species of the genus Lessertia, black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), Lotus tenuis, Caragana, and Astragalus cicer.
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Recent studies have described the Usili Formation as a thick fluvio-lacustrine succession made up of a lowermost conglomeratic interval that is approximately 5 meters thick, grading up into a trough cross-bedded, coarse-grained, sandstone-dominated interval that is thick, overlain by massive nodular siltstone and laminated mudstone beds with minor ribbon sandstones forming the bulk of the succession. Since Parrington (1956), the Usili Formation became widely recognized as a Late Permian formation that correlates with the Teekloof and Balfour formations of South Africa, as well as with the Zambian Upper Madumabisa Mudstone (Cistecephalus AZ). Comparison of Usili tetrapods with those of the lower Beaufort Group has suggested a broad biostratigraphic correlation with the Cistecephalus, Dicynodon, and Tropidostoma assemblage zones. Sidor et al.
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This rock is a form of silica that contains micro-crystalline quartz. Also in the calcareous band of the Stotfield rock there is limestone with nodular masses of flint, crystals of galena (lead ore) and iron pyrites. The quarry on the east side of the town that produced the stone for the building of Branderburgh produced the largest variety and total numbers of fossil reptiles from the late Triassic Period to have been found in the UK. This was a total of eight species and 97 individuals; five of the species are unique to Lossiemouth, one of which is an early form of dinosaur. This quarry is ranked as one of Britain's most important fossil bearing locations of this period.
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Activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CD8+ T-cells) in response to cell-mediated immune response affected by helper T-lymphocytes (CD4+ T-cells) is central to thyrocyte destruction. As is characteristic of type IV hypersensitivities, recruitment of macrophages is another effect of the helper T-lymphocyte activation, with Th1 axis lymphocytes producing inflammatory cytokines within thyroid tissue to further macrophage activation and migration into the thyroid gland for direct effect. Gross morphological changes within the thyroid are seen in the general enlargement, which is far more locally nodular and irregular than more diffuse patterns (such as that of hyperthyroidism). While the capsule is intact and the gland itself is still distinct from surrounding tissue, microscopic examination can provide a more revealing indication of the level of damage.
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In 1966, General Motors designed a special engine for the production Z/28 Camaro in order for it to meet the Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) Trans-Am Series road racing rules limiting engine displacement to from 1967 to 1969. It was the product of placing the stroke crankshaft into a bore cylinder-block. The 1967 302 used the same nodular cast-iron crankshaft as the 283, with a forged steel crank that was also produced. This block is one of three displacements, 302/327/350, that underwent a crankshaft bearing diameter transformation for 1968 when the rod-journal size was increased from the diameter small-journal to a large-journal and a main-journal size that was increased from to . DZ 302.
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All derived from the same external sized block. However, the three engines differed vastly internally, with the smallest engine having small intake and exhaust valves, thin block webbing, and a cast nodular iron crankshaft; the 343 used larger valves with a thicker block webbing; and the 390 moved up to a forged steel crankshaft and connecting rods, as well as larger rod bearings, compared to in the smaller two versions. A BorgWarner T-10 four-speed manual transmission was standard, as were special traction bars, dual exhaust system, and fatter tires for better traction. A "Shift-Command" three-speed automatic transmission with the capability of manual shifting (BorgWarner model M-11B or M-12) was optional together with a floor console mounted shifter.
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Published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM) between 1970 and 1971, his initial observations hold true today.JCEM 95 (8):4097-98, 2010 This was a major development that allowed further extensive studies on the mechanisms of thyroid hormones physiology and metabolism. In the 1980s, Dr. Gharib focused his attention on nodular thyroid disease (NTD) and thyroid cancer, making a number of important contributions to thyroid practice. For example, an early paper emphasized the importance of NTD in clinical practice (New England Journal of Medicine, 1985); several studies illustrated the technique, accuracy, and impact of thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy in the management of nodules (Acta Cytol, 1987; Annals of Internal Medicine, 1993); and defined the limitations of FNA (Annals, 1984).
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Looking SW from the top of St. Catherine's Hill water meadows Structurally, St. Catherine's Hill is part of the Winchester anticline. This is an upfold in the chalk at the western end of the South Downs. In the Winchester area the core of the anticline has eroded to expose older rocks in Chilcomb, Bar End and Winchester itself, leaving a near complete ring of inward-facing chalk scarp slopes including Magdalen (Morn) Hill to the north, Chilcomb Down and Telegraph Hill to the east, Deacon Hill, Twyford Down and St. Catherine's to the south and Oliver's Battery to the west. Whilst the highest part of the main ring of hills (which reaches up to at Cheesefoot Head) is of the 'Lewes Nodular Chalk Formation', St. Catherine's is of the slightly older 'New Pit Chalk Formation'.
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It is similar in composition to the Mey Beds on the mainland, though in some places on Stroma it is replaced by beds of angular and rounded masses of sandstone in a nodular matrix, similar to the Ackergill Beds in Caithness. Only fragmentary fossil remains have been found; these include specimens of the extinct Devonian fish Dipterus and Coccosteus. Stroma is bisected by a fault which runs in a north-south direction through its centre, intersected by another fault running in an east- northeast direction across the north of the island. The soil on either side of the fault line is significantly different; the eastern and southern parts of Stroma are covered by fertile clay fed by bedrock minerals, while less fertile boggy ground predominates on the west side.
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"Clark's Classification" of melanoma Together with Martin Mihm, Clark described histogenic types of melanoma which differ in their epidemiology, as well as their clinical and histological appearance. The four major categories of Lentigo Maligna Melanoma, Superficial Spreading Melanoma, Nodular Melanoma, and Acral Lentiginous Melanoma loosely correspond to more recent molecular classification of the disease. "Clark's level" and melanoma prognosis Clark correlated the microscopic appearance of the tumor with careful followup of the progression of the tumor and the patient's outcome. From these studies he developed a five-part scale, based on the depth of penetration of the lesion from the epidermis into the dermis and down to the subcutaneous tissue, which can be used to predict the likely progression of the tumor and the prognosis for the patient.
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Plain film often seen as a lobulated, eccentric radiolucent lesion long axis parallel to long axis of long bone no periosteal reaction (unless a complicating fracture present) geographic bone destruction: almost 100% well defined sclerotic margin: 86% there can be presence of septations (pseudotrabeculation): 57% 2 there can be presence of matrix calcification in a small proportion of cases: 12.5%1 MRI MR features are often not particularly specific. Signal characteristics include T1 - low signal T1 C+ (Gd) - the majority (~70%) tend to show peripheral nodular enhancement ~ 30% diffuse contrast enhancement and this can be either homogeneous or heterogeneous 19 T2 - high signal Bone scan A scintigraphic "doughnut sign" has been described in this tumour type 11. However, this is very non-specific and can be found in a plethora of other bone lesions.
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Complex tectonics produced horst and graben features and some lowlands deposited evaporites, such as the Burano Anhydrite—now a significant unit in the Apennine Mountains. Jurassic tectonic conditions differed somewhat from the Triassic, resulting in new basin formation and a carbonate depositional environment akin to the current day Florida-Bahamas platform. Southern Alps basins such as the Lombard Basin and the Belluno Basin gathered marl and limestone, while turbidite and nodular limestone was more common in the Vajont Limestone, Fonzaso Formation and Selcifero Lombardo. In addition to wide shelf environments like the Bahamas, seamounts like the Trento Swell or the Sicilian Iblean and Saccense zones, some basins such as the Piemontese Basin, the Lagonegro Basin and the Ligurian-western Tuscan Ligure Basin were situated above ophiolite and ended up with abundant radiolarite fossils in limestone.
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The block was made in Mexico. "Hecho en Mexico" casting marks are present in the lifter valley, and its main strength was the appearance of much larger and stronger two-bolt main bearing caps on the engine's bottom end - the same as the HiPo-289, but not made from nodular iron rather Ford's standard material. The Mexican 302 block was produced through to the mid-1990s and even showed up in Ford cars, trucks, and vans throughout the 1970s and early 1980s (Mexican-made 302 engines were often used by the USA car plants when CEP1 could not produce enough engines and many Ford replacement engines were Mexican). Mexican blocks were not made from a high-nickel content material as is generally thought, but rather Ford's usual ACB specification material.
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When a foundry advertises that it produces "Meehanite" it means that the foundry is licensed by Meehanite Metal Corporation to produce the family of Meehanite irons. The licensing agreement means, according to Meehanite, not only that the foundry is qualified but also that the licensed foundry is certified by audit to meet the required process standards. The Trademark name is owned by Meehanite Worldwide. Meehanite Worldwide has five franchises: The Meehanite Metal Corp located in Mequon, Wisconsin; The International Meehanite Metal Corp located in Finland; and franchises in Taiwan, South Africa, and Japan. The Meehanite specifications can be classified into three broad types: High duty flake or gray irons; High duty “nodular” or ductile iron (SG); and a group consisting of special types for applications requiring resistance to heat, wear and corrosion.
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Early-Mid Jurassic (170 Ma) The Jurassic sedimentation is subdivided on several different units, with drastic changes in the Northern Calcareous Alps. During the Toarcian, carbonate platforms collapsed and several types of bottom reliefs where generated due to tectonic activity, where on the submarine swells the red nodular limestones with an exposure of 20 m of the Adnet Formation were deposited on zones of basinal sedimentology, know due to the presence of grey limestone and marl on an up to 200 m layer of the Allgäu Formation. The marls of the Sachrang Formation are part of the Lower Toarcian "Black Shale deposition", contemporaneous of other events on central Germany and England. The Sachrang Formation was geologically divided in the Sachrang Member, that presents typical development of a basinal area and the Unken Member, with benthic microfossils with suboxic water influence.
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A physical examination, including a pelvic examination, and a pelvic ultrasound (transvaginal or otherwise) are both essential for diagnosis: physical examination may reveal increased abdominal girth and/or ascites (fluid within the abdominal cavity), while pelvic examination may reveal an ovarian or abdominal mass. An adnexal mass is a significant finding that often indicates ovarian cancer, especially if it is fixed, nodular, irregular, solid, and/or bilateral. 13–21% of adnexal masses are caused by malignancy; however, there are other benign causes of adnexal masses, including ovarian follicular cyst, leiomyoma, endometriosis, ectopic pregnancy, hydrosalpinx, tuboovarian abscess, ovarian torsion, dermoid cyst, cystadenoma (serous or mucinous), diverticular or appendiceal abscess, nerve sheath tumor, pelvic kidney, ureteral or bladder diverticulum, benign cystic mesothelioma of the peritoneum, peritoneal tuberculosis, or paraovarian cyst. Ovaries that can be felt are also a sign of ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women.
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The plaque is divided into three distinct components: # The atheroma ("lump of gruel", ), which is the nodular accumulation of a soft, flaky, yellowish material at the center of large plaques, composed of macrophages nearest the lumen of the artery # Underlying areas of cholesterol crystals # Calcification at the outer base of older or more advanced lesions. Atherosclerotic lesions, or atherosclerotic plaques, are separated into two broad categories: Stable and unstable (also called vulnerable). The pathobiology of atherosclerotic lesions is very complicated, but generally, stable atherosclerotic plaques, which tend to be asymptomatic, are rich in extracellular matrix and smooth muscle cells. On the other hand, unstable plaques are rich in macrophages and foam cells, and the extracellular matrix separating the lesion from the arterial lumen (also known as the fibrous cap) is usually weak and prone to rupture.
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Once the generalized abnormal immune response has become established - which may take several years before any symptoms occur - plasma cells derived from B lymphocytes produce rheumatoid factors and ACPA of the IgG and IgM classes in large quantities. These activate macrophages through Fc receptor and complement binding, which is part of the intense inflammation in RA. Binding of an autoreactive antibody to the Fc receptors is mediated through the antibody's N-glycans, which are altered to promote inflammation in people with RA. This contributes to local inflammation in a joint, specifically the synovium with edema, vasodilation and entry of activated T-cells, mainly CD4 in microscopically nodular aggregates and CD8 in microscopically diffuse infiltrates. Synovial macrophages and dendritic cells function as antigen-presenting cells by expressing MHC class II molecules, which establishes the immune reaction in the tissue.
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Wakefield's paper "Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children" was published in The Lancet on 28 February 1998. An investigation by journalist Brian Deer found that Wakefield had multiple undeclared conflicts of interest, had manipulated evidence, and had broken other ethical codes. The Lancet paper was partially retracted in 2004 and fully retracted in 2010, when The Lancets editor-in-chief Richard Horton described it as "utterly false" and said that the journal had been deceived. Wakefield was found guilty by the General Medical Council of serious professional misconduct in May 2010 and was struck off the Medical Register, meaning he could no longer practise as a doctor in the UK. In 2011, Deer provided further information on Wakefield's improper research practices to the British Medical Journal, which in a signed editorial described the original paper as fraudulent.
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The usage of terminology for types of goiter has varied over the past century. Physicians and surgeons tend to differentiate among solitary-nodule goiter, multinodular goiter, and non-nodular goiter more thoroughly in recent decades than they formerly did. Thus some sources have described, or still describe, thyroid adenoma (toxic adenoma) as synonymous with toxic multinodular goiter, but other sources differentiate those two as single-nodule disease versus multinodular disease (respectively) with pathogenesis that is likely differing in most cases (eg, single neoplastic cell clone versus multifocal or diffuse molecular metabolic change). The medical eponyms "Plummer disease" (named after American physician Henry Stanley Plummer eponymously named after ) and "Parry disease" (named after English physician Caleb Hillier Parry) have been used to refer to toxic multinodular goiter, toxic adenoma, and toxic diffuse goiter (Graves' disease); the specific entity in each patient/case is not always clear retrospectively, especially in older literature.
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During clinical trials, the most common adverse effects of trastuzumab emtansine were fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, thrombocytopenia (low platelet counts), headache, increased liver enzyme levels, and constipation. Severe adverse events identified during the EMILIA trial included hepatotoxicity (liver damage), including rare cases of liver failure, hepatic encephalopathy, and nodular regenerative hyperplasia; heart damage (dysfunction of the left ventricle); interstitial lung disease, including acute interstitial pneumonitis; thrombocytopenia; and peripheral neuropathy. Overall, trastuzumab emtansine was better tolerated than the control treatment, a combination of lapatinib (Tykerb) and capecitabine (Xeloda), with 43% of patients in the trastuzumab emtansine group experiencing severe toxic effects, versus 59% of those who received lapatinib/capecitabine; furthermore, fewer patients had to stop treatment due to adverse effects than with lapatinib or capecitabine. Anemia, low platelet counts, and peripheral neuropathy were more common among patients who received trastuzumab emtansine, whereas heart damage and gastrointestinal effects, such as vomiting, diarrhea, and stomatitis, were more common with lapatinib/capecitabine.
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The Shales With Beef Member is around 28–30 metres thick in the Lyme Regis- Charmouth region and predominantly consists of thinly bedded medium to dark grey mudstone, blocky calcareous pale-weathering mudstone and brown grey organic rich mudstones with frequent interbeds of fibrous calcite ("beef"), that are usually less than 10 centimetres thick. Several beds of nodular and tabular limestone are also present. It is the lowest unit of the formation and directly overlies the Blue Lias Formation, with the boundary being marked by a prominent bioturbated horizon. Notable persistent marker beds within the member include the laminated calcareous siltstone "Fish Bed", "Table Ledge", which consists of lens beds of limestones with mud content with nests of rhynchonellid brachiopods, the Devonshire Head and the Spittles limestones and the Birchi Nodules (which are septarian concretions) The upper boundary with the Black Ven Marl Member is marked by the prominent laterally persistent limestone Birchi Tabular Bed.
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Age-standardized death from lymphomas and multiple myeloma per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004 Unlike some other lymphomas, whose number of new cases per year increases with age, Hodgkin lymphoma has a bimodal curve for the number of cases; that is, it occurs most frequently in two separate age groups, the first being young adulthood (age 15–35) and the second being in those over 55 years old although these peaks may vary slightly with nationality. Overall, it is more common in males, except for the nodular sclerosis variant, which is slightly more common in females. The annual number of cases of Hodgkin lymphoma is 2.7 per 100,000 per persons per year, and the disease accounts for slightly less than 1% of all cancers worldwide. In 2010, globally it resulted in about 18,000 deaths down from 19,000 in 1990. In 2012, there were an estimated 65,950 cases and 25,469 deaths from Hodgkin lymphoma worldwide, with 28,852 and 37,098 cases occurring in developed and developing countries, respectively.
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Rosai was an author of more than 400 scientific peer-reviewed papers on topics in pathology, including the seminal descriptions of entities such as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease), desmoplastic small round cell tumor, spindle-cell epithelial tumor with thymus-like differentiation of the thyroid, and sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen. He was Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Surgical Pathology until 2014 and served as a member of the editorial boards of several other pathology journals. Rosai was also Editor- in-Chief of the 3rd Series of the Atlas of Tumor Pathology of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), and author of AFIP fascicles on Tumors of the ThymusRosai J, Levine GD: Tumors of the Thymus, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C., 1976. and Tumors of the Thyroid Gland,Rosai J, Carcangiu M, DeLellis R: Tumors of the Thyroid Gland, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C., 1992.
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Available only in the 1973 and 1974 Formula Firebird and Firebird Trans AM, the SD-455 consisted of a strengthened cylinder block that included 4-bolt main bearings and additional material in various locations for improved strength. Original plans called for a forged crankshaft, although actual production SD455s received nodular-iron crankshafts with minor enhancements. Forged rods and forged-aluminum pistons were specified, as were unique high- flow cylinder-heads. A camshaft with 301/313 degrees of advertised duration, net valve lift, and 76 degrees of valve overlap was specified for actual production engines in lieu of the significantly more aggressive RAM AIR IV style cam that had originally been planned for the engine (initially rated at with that cam), but ultimately proved incapable of meeting the tightening emissions standards of the era. The very modest cam, combined with a low- compression ratio of 8.4 (advertised) and 7.9:1 actual resulted in SAE NET.
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The chest (thoracic cavity) progressively slopes outwards from the thoracic inlet (atop the breastbone) and above to the lowest ribs that support the breasts. The inframammary fold, where the lower portion of the breast meets the chest, is an anatomic feature created by the adherence of the breast skin and the underlying connective tissues of the chest; the IMF is the lower-most extent of the anatomic breast. Normal breast tissue typically has a texture that feels nodular or granular, to an extent that varies considerably from woman to woman. The study The Evolution of the Human Breast (2001) proposed that the rounded shape of a woman's breast evolved to prevent the sucking infant offspring from suffocating while feeding at the teat; that is, because of the human infant's small jaw, which did not project from the face to reach the nipple, he or she might block the nostrils against the mother's breast if it were of a flatter form (cf.
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The close-fitting bumper was actually a rear bumper that had been cut, narrowed, V'ed in the center, and filled on the ends to create a crude air dam, further improving the aerodynamics of the car at high speeds. Semon E "Bunkie" Knudsen's custom built Talladega In another well kept secret design move, the rocker panels of the Talladega were reshaped and rolled to allow Ford teams to run their racing cars about an inch closer to the ground while staying within NASCAR rules; this also greatly enhanced the top speed of the car by lowering its center of gravity, and further reducing its wind resistance. The cars were also equipped with an engine oil cooler, a power steering oil cooler, staggered shocks, a 3.25:1 Ford 9 inch 31 spline nodular open rear end, and most surprisingly: a heavy duty C-6 (cast iron tailshaft) automatic transmission that was column shifted. These other special performance parts were normally only available when ordering a "drag pack car" which would have been equipped with a 4 speed and a limited slip rear end.
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The water pump, fuel pump, and alternator/generator pulleys were altered, fewer vanes, extra spring, and larger diameter, respectively; to help handle the higher engine speeds. Even the HiPo's fan was unique. Bottom-end improvements included a flaw-free selected standard block, thicker main bearing caps and crankshaft damper/balancer, larger-diameter rod bolts, a crankshaft made from 80% nodular iron as opposed to the regular items at 40%, all were checked for correct 'nodularity' by polishing an area of the rear counterweight and comparing that surface using a magnification arrangement against a picture datum, increased crankshaft counterweighting to compensate for the heavier connecting rod big ends, the increased external counter weighting at the front was split between the crankshaft damper and a supplementary counterweight place adjacent to the front main bearing journal (all designed to reduce the 'bending moment' in the crankshaft at high-rpm), all for high-rpm reliability. The HiPo equipped with a single 4-barrel Autolite 4100 carburetor carried SAE gross ratings of at 6,000 rpm and at 3,400 rpm.
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D. vetus skull, Paleontology Museum of Zurich D. hartshornianus fossils found in Oligocene Orellan rocks in the Lower Nodular Zone, Pennington County, South Dakota are dated at ~33.4 Ma. Other sites include the Prairie Dog Creek Site and Warbonnet Creek Site, Sioux County, Nebraska ~33.4 Ma., Bartlett High Site, Dawes County, Nebraska ~33.2 Ma., Babby Butte Site, Oglala Lakota County, South Dakota ~33.4 Ma—33.2 Ma. D. lambei fossils found in Eocene Duchesnean rocks at the Big Red Horizon Site, Presidio County, Texas are dated at ~38.4—38.3 Ma. Other sites include the Badwater Locality 20 Site and Wood Locality Site, Natrona County, Wyoming ~41.8 Ma., Lac Pelletier Lower Fauna Site, Saskatchewan ~42.3 Ma. D. ruber fossils were found in Oligocene Arikareean rocks in the Tecuya Canyon Formation of Kern County, California with other mammal species and are dated at ~29.8—24.8 Ma. D. socialis fossils found in Oligocene Hemingfordian rocks at the Haystack Member, Wheeler County, Oregon are dated at ~24.3 Ma. and Kimberly Member, Grant County, Oregon with several other species of mammal such as Hesperocyon, Hypertragulus, and Leptomeryx dating ~25.4—25.3 Ma.
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The study of the Roman treatises on farm management, according to Fairfax Harrison (1928), is profitable to the modern farmer however practical and scientific he may be. He will not find in them anything about bacteria and the "nodular hypothesis" In respect of legumes, nor any thing about plant metabolism, nor even any thing about the effects of creatinine on growth and absorption; but, important and fascinating as are the Illuminations of modern science upon practical agriculture, the Intelligent farmer with Imagination (every successful farmer has imagination, whether or not he is Intelligent) will find something quite as Important to his welfare In the body of Roman husbandry which has come down to us, namely: a background for his daily routine, an appreciation that two thousand years ago men were studying the same problems and solving them by intelligent reasoning. Columella well says that In reading the ancient writers we may find in them more to approve than to disapprove, however much our new science may lead us to differ from them in practice. The characteristics of the Roman methods of farm management, viewed in the light of the present state of the art in America, were thoroughness and patience.
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The Mach 1 started with a V8-powered SportsRoof body and added numerous visual and performance enhancing items such as matte black hood treatment with hood pins, hood scoop (including optional Shaker scoop), competition suspension, chrome pop-open gas cap, revised wheels with Goodyear Polyglas tires, chrome exhaust tips (except 351W 2V), deluxe interior, livery and dealer optional chin spoiler, rear deck spoiler, and rear window louvers (SportSlats). Standard equipment was a 351 cu in (5.8 L) Windsor (351W) 2V motor with a 3 speed manual transmission, and a 28 spline open rear axle. A 351W 4V was optional as was a 390 cu in (6.4 L) FE, and the huge 428 cu in (7.0 L) Cobra Jet 4V with or without Ram Air, and even the introduction of the "drag pack" option with the modified 428 cu in (7.0 L) Super Cobra Jet engine. A 4-speed manual or 3-speed FMX (small block)/C6 (big block) automatic transmission was optional, and the 428SCJ added a cast iron tailshaft in place of the regular aluminum one to the C6. A "traction lok" rear axle was optional, and the 428 CJ/SCJ included a "traction lok" with a 3.91 or 4.30 ratio, 31 spline axle shafts and a nodular case.
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