It's an exceptionally svelte and sophisticated looking ride, even when fitted with the optional mudguards (which are required kit for commuters).
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Cowboy's first accessories, mudguards, are coming after the summer, which is also after the delivery of its first 2019 e-bikes.
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Our guide features mudguards that will protect you and your bike frame from the elements, have an attractive appearance, and fit several types of bikes.
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The beechwood wheel rims and mudguards are sourced and shaped in Italy near Lake Como; the chrome work, polishing and enameling are handled by different French companies.
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The carbon fork helps make it the lightest of the bunch weighing in at about 14.1 kg (31.1 pounds) depending upon configuration options like mudguards and rear carrier.
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Like most of the supercars on show here at Geneva, this bike is a mix of carbon fiber, aluminum, and glass, with the front windshield and rear mudguards split in half.
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My review Curt included a number of optional components like a silent belt drive that doesn't need oil, mudguards, integrated lights, a rear carrier, a more comfortable saddle and grips, and a bike lock mounted onto the frame just above the pedals.
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The aircraft embeds some features already used on previous Russian aircraft, that give to the Su-57 the capability to operate from unprepared runways, like a rugged landing gear, mudguards, air intake screens and diverter slots to prevent FOD (Foreign Object Debris) injection.
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"When we do start selling mudguards I want us to be proud of them, and not just be a piece of metal or plastic that completely ruins the design of your bike," said Cowboy co-founder Adrien Roose when I sat down with him last week.
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There are three models: the Marcel, a men's bike inspired by racing versions with polished beechwood wheel rims; Henri, a men's urban design with beechwood mudguards and a basket that has a compartment for a sturdy leather-decorated bicycle lock; and Dalou, a unisex version of the Henri using a traditional women's frame with an optional leather purse or satchel attached to the seat back.
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Wings (mudguards) would be first outlined freehand in wire, then metal shaped to fit.
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Plates on the front mudguards of motorcycles can take the overall form of an arc, although this form is no longer issued.
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The mudguards were painted black as a sign of mourning. The current Mayor of Accrington is Lance Sergeant Gary Archer of the Scots Guards.
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In May, mudguards bolted onto the side of the pre- production run were added, while removable mudguards saw full incorporation in September. Smoke discharge canisters, three on each side of the turret, were added in August 1942. In later years, similar changes and updates were added, such as the addition of Zimmerit (a non-magnetic anti-mine coating), in late 1943.Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger Ausf.
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In the UK it is a legal requirement that a motorcycle should be fitted with mudguards. While motorcycles are invariably fitted with mudguards, only touring cycles generally have fully functional mudguards. Some machines can be seen with a stub of a mudguard only a few inches long, which satisfies the legal requirements but does not actually provide any protection from thrown mud and spray. Sporty-styled or racing motorcycles sometimes come with, or have added as an aftermarket accessory, a "hugger" rear fender, attached to the rear swingarm and very close to the tire, rather than attached to the rear subframe and away from the tire.
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Introduced in the US in 1963 as the BSA SS90, the American model was finished in blue and had chrome mudguards and rubber gaiters instead of metal fork shrouds. In 1964, the US model was referred to as the Sportsman, and the UK model was fitted with the chrome mudguards. In 1965 both variants were fitted with a separate headlight, the US version now being called the Super Sports.
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Over time the bike received a new Rear Frame Member (RFM), new seat, and a different petrol tank and wheels. The bike had its mudguards cut down and stands removed.
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The BSA C15 Starfire Roadster was produced between 1963 and 1964 with chrome mudguards and tank side panels. Re shaped seat and tank, which gave the bike a more modern appearance.
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The car's mudguards are angularly broadened which gives the car's characteristic appearance. This modification was not merely about design it was necessary because of the car's widened wheels. Spoilers are also used.
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The 1975 XL175 was available in only one color, Tahitian Red with Silver. The fuel tank and side covers were red and the stripes were black. Both mudguards were plastic and were painted silver.
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The hull's armor framing for the engine compartment was modified. In addition detachable headlights, armored boxes around the taillights, newly redesigned mudguards, an updated fuel delivery system and a tank infantry phone were added.
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Numbered in the series 439-444, the running plate of these inside-framed locomotives was raised, without splashers, above each of the large () driving wheels, rather giving the impression of bicycle wheels and mudguards.
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Williams & Pritchard provided detachable glass fibre hardtops for all contemporary sports cars and replacement front-ends (bonnet and mudguards sections), particularly for Austin-Healey Sprites. They were first launched at the 1961 Racing Car Show.
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The colour scheme was black frame and mudguards with an aluminium enameled fuel tank with coach lining. 1902 P&R; Motorcycle 1902 was the second year of production of the 1.75 hp. It was fitted with a surface carburettor, single speed friction disc transmission, a 9 pint combined oil and fuel tank, bicycle pattern front forks and 8" x 2" wheels (although smaller wheels were fitted to the smaller frame). The colour scheme was black frame and mudguards with an aluminium enameled fuel tank with coach lining.
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This year the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) decreed that mudguards now had to be integral with the bodywork, unlike the pre-war style of cycle-type mudguards. This meant cars had proper sports-car bodies and were not just modified grand prix cars. After ongoing issues with the fuel used in the race, the ACO's ‘ternary’ fuel was made up of 75% petrol, 15% alcohol and 10% benzole. The minimum replenishment period for fuel, water and oil was extended from 25 laps to 28.
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The bodies were made by Carbodies Limited of Coventry. At first panelled entirely in aluminium in 1925 and 1926 aluminium was reserved for the lower part of the body and mudguards and scuttle were then steel.
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The artillery wheel option was dropped. Dipping headlights were a new feature. Separate seats replaced the front bench seat and both back and front seats were widened. There were also changes to the mudguards and running boards.
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Bibb v. Navajo Freight Lines, Inc., 359 U.S. 520 (1959), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the Illinois law requiring trucks to have unique mudguards was unconstitutional under the Commerce clause.
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The 1978 XL175 was the last model produced. The colors it came in were Excel Black with Tahitian Red. The side cover decal was red and white like the 1977 model. Both mudguards were plastic painted in red.
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Show scene '69."Last of the traditional Nortons is the 647 cc Mercury. This machine has the Commando type cylinder head and single carburettor, producing 47 bhp. A rev counter and stainless steel mudguards are available as extras".
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A city bike with a step-through frame is practical for easy mounting in and out. Straight sitting position focusing on comfort instead of speed. Chainguard and mudguards protect against oil or dirt. Backpack for the transport of items.
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The 1977 XL175 was available in Black and Tahitian Red. The fuel tank and sidecovers were black with a red and white stripe. The side cover decal was red and was outlined with white. Both mudguards were red- painted plastic.
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He suggested two changes be made to the design: changing the single tail to double tails (later a Lockheed trademark), and deleting oversized wing fillets. Both of these suggestions were incorporated into production aircraft. Upon receiving his master's degree, Johnson joined Lockheed as a regular employee, ultimately leading the Skunk Works in developing advanced aircraft such as the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird. The Lockheed Electra was one of the first commercial passenger aircraft with retractable landing gear to come equipped with mudguards as standard equipment, although aircraft with fixed landing gear commonly had mudguards much earlier than this.
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The 1976 XL175 was available in Aquarius Blue only. The fuel tank, side covers and mudguards were blue. Wheel hubs were polished aluminium. This and subsequent XL175 models featured an upswept exhaust system, an AC ignition, and a revised fifth gear ratio.
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In 1966 the Venom was upgraded to the Mk II, which had the Thruxton front forks fitted with rubber gaiters, a twin leading shoe front brake and narrowed mudguards, combined with a new exhaust design giving it a more modern sports motorcycle look.
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Handcycles have also been used for touring, and to better accommodate this interest, some manufacturers incorporate mudguards and pannier cargo racks. As handcycles have evolved they have become progressively lighter, and they have better gearing for long climbs and long distance touring.
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The 1973 XL175 was available in one color, Mars Orange with Silver. The fuel tank and the side covers were orange and the stripes were black. The side cover had a white XL175 decal on it. The front and rear mudguards were silver-painted plastic.
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The 1974 XL175 was also only available with one color, Mars Orange with Silver as on the previous model. The fuel tank and sidecovers were orange and the stripes were black. The side cover decal was white and yellow. The mudguards were silver colored plastic.
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Introduced in 1972, 350B Scrambler was an off-road "scrambler" styled machine. Using the Elettronica specification engine, the machine had high level exhaust pipes, raised handlebars and high front mudguards. The machine was aimed at the US market, but only 217 models were produced.
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The state of Illinois enacted a statute requiring curved mud guards, instead of straight mudflaps on trucks driven in Illinois. Although there was no federal regulation requiring mudflaps or mudguards, Arkansas required straight mudflaps, which were legal in at least 45 states. The Illinois legislature asserted that the unique curved mudguards would be more useful in preventing stones and other debris to be kicked up from the back of trucks, thus preventing more accidents than other types of mudflaps. The plaintiffs were trucking companies who drove through Illinois and would have to use one form of mudflap equipment while in Illinois, but other mudflap equipment while in other states.
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The interior dimensions were approximately 2.6 metres long, 2.0 metres wide and 1.7 metres high. At the rear of the vehicle there were two large doors. From the driver's cab the wounded could also be accessed through a small internal door with a seat. The exterior was mainly made from painted canvas. One veteran of the North African Campaign stated he once managed to carry 27 wounded, with passengers seated on the wings, bonnet, rear steps, and in extra stretchers suspended by rifles across the rear walkway; he was mentioned in dispatches for this feat. A total of 13,102 Austin K2/Y ambulances (the front mudguards ended at the 'doors') were built at the company's Longbridge plant almost continuously from 1940 until the war ended. An estimated 50 or moreAustin K2/Y Ambulance Register. remain today. The Austin chassis was one of three main designs fitted with Mann Egerton bodies, the others being Morris Commercial CS11/30F (the front mudguards ended underneath the rungs) and Bedford ML 54 (the front mudguards ended before the 'doors').
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The Panigale V4 Speciale has the S model options, and adds adjustable footpads, an Alcantara-trimmed seat, a top triple clamp, carbon mudguards, a data analyzer system, and race fuel cap. It also has a titanium exhaust and race kit that Ducati claims increases the power from a claimed .
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The delay increased the daily distance Greaves was obliged to ride. Unlike Nicholson's machine, Greaves' bicycle was heavy, with thick tyres to cope with snow and pitted roads. He rode with mudguards, lamps and a saddlebag. His bike had a three-speed derailleur with ratios of 59, 71 and .
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A Dutch Opafiets utility bicycle Utility bicycles have many standard features to enhance their usefulness and comfort. Chain guards and mudguards, or fenders, protect clothes and moving parts from oil and spray. Kickstands help with parking. Front-mounted wicker or steel baskets for carrying goods are often used.
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The first was the Sports model with Chrome mudguards, a fly-screen and a hump on the rear of the dual- seat. The second was the Bushman, mostly for export, which had 19 inch wheels and a modified frame for more ground clearance. D10 production ceased in 1967.
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Magni-Guzzi Arturo 1000 To meet demand from international buyers, Magni introduced a retro 1970's styled naked version of the LeMans, the Classico 1000 in 1987. The machine had no fairing, a classic shaped tank, dual seat, stainless steel mudguards, a large round headlight and wire wheels.
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A fibreglass fuel tank, mudguards and seat/tailpiece/race number plate were all available as required. The trials version had an extended tailpiece with mounting for a road number-plate necessary in Combined trials which had timed road-stages linking with the several-to-many Observed Sections which historically could be scheduled as a typical part of a traditional UK trials event.Video of 1954 Invicta MCC (Ramsgate) Combine Trial Retrieved 2014-06-08 Under UK Construction and Use Regulations, competition machines intended for road-use were required to comply with statutory basics of sound engineering, a test certificate, mudguards, seat, audible warning device and number plate. Lighting was not required, but if fitted had to be complete and working.
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MV Agusta 350B GT A less sports styled version was also offered, the 350B GT, also known as the 350B Turismo. It had a larger tank, a more conventional seat and higher handlebars. Frame, forks, mudguards and headlight were painted black, various colours of tank were available. 300 machines were produced.
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This is based on the DV1 model, but has an extended rear body and an enclosed driving position. Like real Post Office vans of the period, it is painted red with black mudguards, wheels and bonnet. It carries the 'GR' royal insignia, presumably dating it to the reign of King George V.
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The Series 1A Interceptor was introduced in 1967, with two sub models GP7 and TT7. The major change was the introduction of coil ignition, eliminating the magneto. The US models received a new chrome tank, a new seat, instrument mounts, handlebar, and mudguards. All S1A interceptors had twin Mark 1 Amal carburettors.
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The big-end size was increased from 1.48" to 1.68". It had high compression pistons and a higher lift camshaft with the 356 "sports" profile. These engine modifications raised the power output to and a top speed of . The model was launched with chrome mudguards and stays and a half-chrome petrol tank.
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The revised Regency DF304 labelled Mark II was announced in October 1954. Left-hand-drive cars used the DF305 designation. The new more flowing body was slightly longer with a much longer boot and mudguards and was lower-set. It could now be purchased with a 3½-litre or 4½-litre engine.
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The car might be loosely described as a Wolseley 12/48 with a Riley radiator shell, helmet-style front mudguards and a bigger boot. Springs were semi-elliptic fore and aft. Brakes were by Girling with the hand- set (handbrake) only on the back. Steering was by Bishop Cam, the column adjustable for length.
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For the new Kawasaki big bike, the traditional look of Meguro motorcycles was replaced with a sleeker fuel tank, sportier mudguards (fenders) and other details intended to appeal to export markets, especially North America. The Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan , includes the 1966 Kawasaki 650-W1 as one of their 240 Landmarks of Japanese Automotive Technology.
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The CD200 featured a square speedometer, large front and rear mudguards, twin chrome exhausts, a choke tucked in behind the handle bars, a chrome plated fuel tank with the Honda logo and mock chrome air inlets on side panels. It had drum brakes in rear and front and a single 26 mm Keihin carburettor (PD 33A TA). It weighed .
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145 Thomas was leading at the end of the first of four laps. Ascari slid off down a ravine. Franchini retired his Alfa Romeo, stung by the frozen mud thrown up at him, and thereafter the Alfa cars were fitted with mudguards. Boillot went off the road half a dozen times in his efforts to keep up.
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There was no austerity for the Cowley though it was at first slightly cheaper than the Oxford. There was diamond patterned buttoned upholstery in real leather set off by mahogany cappings, and a proper door for the driver. The mudguards were black and the standard body colour was a chocolate brown. The Cowley did not become a stripped down Oxford until 1919.
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In 1928 Opperman won the Bol d'Or 24-hour classic, paced by tandems on a 500m velodrome in Paris. Both his bikes had been sabotaged by the chains being filed so they failed. His manager had to find a replacement, his interpreter's bicycle which had heavy mudguards and wheels and upturned handlebars. Opperman rode the bike for 17 hours without dismounting.
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MV Agusta 350 Sport Elettronica with optional fairing fitted The 350B Sport was the most popular model of the range with its sporty appearance and agile handling. A racing tank and humped seat were fitted with "clip-on" handlebars. The machine was finished in red with chrome fork legs, side panels, mudguards and headlight. It retailed at 510,000 lira in Italy.
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13 Looking Ahead - Mighty Atlas. "...this exciting 750 cc twin from Norton's. [sic] Unfortunately, as yet, it is only for the American market, to compete against their hefty capacity bikes.". Accessed and added 2014-09-20 The styling was aimed at the US market with high-rise handlebars, small 2.5-gallon petrol tank and valanced chrome mudguards and chain guard.
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The first prototype of the Type 924 was built in 1937; however, it did not enter production until 1939. The Type 924 had a new overhead-valve straight-six engine, an extended wheelbase and shorter, more rounded bodywork. The 924 was characterized by having its spare-wheels located behind the front mudguards. The most common version of the Type 924 was the 6-seat limousine.
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Video of a recreational cycling ride in Alabama. In many countries, the most commonly used vehicle for road transport is a utility bicycle. These have frames with relaxed geometry, protecting the rider from shocks of the road and easing steering at low speeds. Utility bicycles tend to be equipped with accessories such as mudguards, pannier racks and lights, which extends their usefulness on a daily basis.
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The entire crank assembly and the front wheel turn together, allowing the rider to steer and crank simultaneously. Although arms are weaker than legs, many hand cyclists are able to make use of the power of the whole upper body. A good hand cyclist can still achieve a respectable pace in competitions. Handcycles have also been used for touring, though few designers incorporate mudguards or luggage racks.
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Therefore, the commission delayed its trials until 27 December to allow Hotchkiss to make final adjustments on the base area. The tractor was tested until 10 February 1938. The type closely resembled the general outline of the Renault UE. The main difference was the presence of two bins instead of one, able to tilt sideways, positioned over the back of the mudguards. This doubled the carrying capacity.
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Launched at the Triumph dealer conference in July 2008, the 'SE' (for Special Edition) featuring matching speedo and tachometer, special polished alloy covers on a black engine, chrome Triumph tank badge, cast wheels, upswept silencers, shortened mudguards and a lower and narrower seat. The 2009 SE takes its cues from the 1979 T140D Special Edition, which was the first Triumph to feature mag wheels and electronic ignition.
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The most obvious external difference is the single-piece mudguards compared to the two-piece mudguards on the 232 series. ;Sd. Kfz. 234/1 The Sd.Kfz. 234/1 was fitted with a 2 cm KwK 38 L/55 gun and coaxial 7.92 mm MG 34 or MG 42 machine gun in a rotating six-sided open-topped turret. The open top was protected from grenades by a mesh-covered frame. The second version to enter production, built from July 1944 to the end of war. ;Sd. Kfz. 234/2 This version had a turret adapted from the cancelled VK 1602 Leopard mounting a 5 cm KwK 39/1 L/60, very similar to the weapon previously used on the later versions of the Panzer III. It weighed nearly 12 tons but was still capable of . It was one of the most heavily armed armoured cars available.
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By the end of production in 1962 the BSA Shooting Star was the culmination of the development of the BSA A7, with a black frame with light green tank, mudguards and side panels, it had an alloy cylinder head, a duplex cradle frame with swinging arm rear suspension, full-width cast iron hubs and 8-inch drum brake at the front with a 7-inch at the rear.
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The model has details such as mudguards and an optional cargo of 'barrels'. More recently, limited edition models have been made in a darker shade of green as well as black. Other variations to the SW1 include a blue version of the model, with white lettering on the rear payload body as opposed to the standard gold lettering. An alternative colour scheme is carried by the SW1B model.
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MV Agusta 350 Ipotesi GT A touring version, the 350 Ipotesi GT, which was also known as the 350 Ipotesi Turismo was also produced. A more conventional rear seat was used, with a separate rear mudguard and higher handlebars were fitted. The mudguards and exhaust were finished in chrome, as opposed to painted on the sport model. A different tank was fitted, which was finished in gold and blue.
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The Mack Valueliner is a heavy-duty truck that was introduced by Mack Trucks in 1986 to replace the Mack R model.Corporate History: 1970-1979 - Mack Trucks.com Its production lasted for 6 years until it was replaced by the CHR & CLR models. The E6 and E7 powered Valueliners featured a flat bonnet and 2 piece mudguards while E9 V8 powered versions had a sloped bonnet and a raised cab.
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1968 BSA Fleetstar A less sporty version, the B25FS Fleetstar, was introduced in 1969 to appeal to fleet customers such as the police. The compression ratio was reduced to 8.5:1, which dropped power output down to 21 bhp (16 kW). The machine had painted, valance mudguards and a more conventional steel tank. Various accessories such as fairings, leg-guards and panniers could be fitted dependent on the purchaser's requirements.
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1964 B40 Star The first model of the series was the B40 Star, introduced in 1961. The new 350 cc engine had 21 bhp, which gave a cruising speed of 50 - 55 mph and a top speed of 75 mph. The Star had deeply valenced, painted mudguards; metal fork shrouds and the headlamp was fitted in a nacelle. Finish was red with black frame and forks or all black.
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Abici bikes are made in eight colors based on car colors of the 1950s, has a Brooks England saddle with copper rivets, metal mudguards and a chrome brake rod. The light-weight bikes are made from aluminum, carbon fiber and titanium. The company produces classic style bikes, including touring bikes for men and women, as well as racing and mountain bikes. Each bicycle is handmade and tested in Italy.
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They were also fitted with an integrated headlight and bottle dynamo which operated on the front tyre side- wall. Other fittings included mudguards and a rear carry rack. A bag was often fitted on the front was intended for carrying a battle-helmet, but this was often used to carry many other items. Quite often a rolled blanket was strapped to the handle-bars on top of this.
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The Lock of oBike. The bicycles are single speed with a plastic chainguard, short mudguards on both wheels, front and rear rim brakes, and dynamo electric lights. To make use of the system, one must download the oBike application, register and pay a deposit. The App is used to rent and return the bicycles and users are charged by 15 or 30 minutes, with payment charged to their Credit/Debit card.
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In August 2014, Tern announced its first electric bike, the eLink. The eLink weighs and folds in under 10 seconds. It is equipped with mudguards, rack, chainguard, lights, and features a Shimano Nexus 8 internal hub and Schwalbe Big Apple tyres. Tern partnered with cargo-bike specialist Xtracycles to create the Cargo Node, a folding cargo bike that uses the Tern Node bicycle and Xtracycles' rear cargo extension attachment.
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In modern Indian and Sri Lankan English usage, the wing is called a mudguard. However, the term mudguard appears to have been in use in the U.S. at one point. The American author E.B. White, in an October 1940 Harper's essay "Motor Cars", refers to "...mudguards, or 'fenders' as the younger generation calls them." In the United States, a minor car accident is often called a "fender bender".
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The new Titan also received mudguards, with prominent "Titan" script. In 1992, the Titan underwent a minor facelift, softening the design somewhat. In 1995, the Titan received another facelift although there were also some mechanical changes this time: To be compliant with the stricter 1994 emissions standards, Mazda had to replace the higher output engines with Isuzu's 4HF1 and 4HG1 engines. The Mazda logo was made considerably larger.
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It was similar to the NM-1 and NM-2 except for: front pintle for positioning artillery pieces, arched bumper (front pintle under the arche), smaller brush guard, side lights on mudguards, towing hooks on bumper deleted, radiator shell with Mack nameplate. There was no NM-4, the prototype NN-2 did not go into production. The NM-5 and NM-6 had a soft top cab with folding windscreen.
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Honda Range '73. ST70. "Pressed steel, T-bone frame with telescopic forks...." Accessed 2015-06-02 It had an electric starter, except in the UK, turn signals, deeply valanced mudguards and mirrors. The inclined air-cooled engine used on earlier models was an evolutionary version of the older Honda CB160 power plant and contained some of the same components including most of the castings and some internal items.
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In 1965 the K2 was enlarged to 624 cc to become the Meguro X-650 prototype, which was displayed at the 1965 Tokyo Motor Show. The X-650 then became in turn the prototype for the Kawasaki W1. For the new Kawasaki big bike, the traditional look of Meguro motorcycles was replaced with a sleeker fuel tank, sportier mudguards (fenders) and other details intended to appeal to export markets, especially North America.
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The fuel tank, mudguards along with seat, Meter-set, Handlebars, Pillion backrest, Headlight, signal lights, Foot pegs etc. on the later generation UCE Thunderbird models would be replaced with a larger 20 litre tank. The later models would also have an 18 inch rear wheel as compared to, the 19 inch rear wheel on the old Thunderbird. Later generation models would consist of the UCE engines as per BS3,BS4,BS6 Emission norms.
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"The Norton Commando will appear with a slightly strengthened and consequently more rigid frame for 1969". Accessed 3 January 2016 which, together with an improved centre-stand, helped to improve ground- clearance which had been criticised. Slightly softer rubber mountings were introduced to reduce a vibration period at 1,500 to 1,900 rpm. A new model named Commando S was introduced with alternative styling having a different tank, mudguards and high-level exhausts.
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The classic Flying Pigeon bicycle is the PA-02, a single-speed with 28-inch wheels, mudguards (fenders), a fully enclosed chain case, a rear rack and rod- actuated brakes. The typically available color is black. However other colors are available, such as, dark green, which is used by China Post; red, which is used by Chinese municipal fire departments; and yellow, orange and blue, which are used by various businesses. Most models are pinstriped.
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Another unusual detail was the engine mounted directly on the chassis frame similarly to the 1921 'invincible Talbot-Darracq'. Following tests in Brooklands and Isle of Man prior to the Grand Prix, modifications were instigated to the tail support bracket.The TASO Mathieson & K Taylor Photographic and Document Archive – DA6436 at Brooklands vs. DA6436 Strasbourg practice Different carburetor configurations and different tyre types were tried, axle ratios experimented with, aero screens and mudguards were installed or removed as required.
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The wheels did not come with mudguards. The vehicle had the capacity of four people to ride on top of the rear engine compartment, one driver and three passengers. The front-seat driver and passenger faced forward, while the other two passengers were back-to-back on the rear seat and facing the opposite direction. The vehicle could go 200 miles on a tank of gas and held tents, blankets, equipment and ration supplies for a week or so.
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The Tatra T148 featured an all-steel two door cabin with a fully suspended drivers seat and a bench seat for two occupants. Special military variants included a hatch opening on the roof. The vehicle featured an independent auxiliary cab heater and included cyclone pre-cleaners mounted on the front mudguards. The vehicle's top speed was approximately 80 km/h up to GVM(T148 S3) or a total truck and trailer combination of up to GCM(T148 S3).
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Valmet/Valtra has introduced numerous innovations that later became industry standards. Valtra N133 HiTech5 is equipped with forest crane, steel fuel tank, narrow mudguards, cross-ply forest tyres and forest cab with TwinTrac reverse drive control. One of the typical features of Valmet/Valtra tractors from the 1940s to the present has been their suitability for forest work. In the Nordic region tractors have traditionally been used for farming in the summer and forest work in the winter.
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The bicycles are utility bicycles; they have a unisex step-through frame with an upright seating position. They weigh about each. Their one-piece aluminum frame and handlebars conceal cables and fasteners in an effort to protect them from vandalism and bad weather; the handlebars are located above the seat, allowing riders to sit upright and thereby maintain balance. They are equipped with Shimano Nexus three-speed, grip-shifter-operated internally- geared hubs, full mudguards/fenders and chain guard.
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However, the resulting extra of power did not compensate for the greater weight of the FB, so performance was inferior to that of its predecessor.Original Genuine GMH Factory Workshop Manual Changes were also made to the brakes, front coil springs, air cleaner and clutch. Obvious styling differences were the lower bonnet, finned rear mudguards with new taillights (on the sedans and wagons only) and a wrap-around windscreen. Seating was improved, as was the instrument panel.
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The Valiant AP6 was released in March 1965, replacing the Chrysler Valiant AP5. The basic styling was carried over from the AP5 but differed in having a new split grille, a new bonnet and new front mudguards. Mechanical changes included a redesigned camshaft, the introduction of self-adjusting brakes and the replacement of the push button gear selector on models with automatic transmission by a traditional lever system. Optional power brakes were made available across the range.
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The Russell, Walsh & Hitchcock company had previously been in the metal trade, making fuel tanks, mudguards and other parts for both motorcycles and motor cars. By the end of 1919, William and Isaac Walsh had built a prototype motorcycle, powered by a 3.5 hp two-stroke engine. The bike was found to be underpowered, due to lack of crankcase compression. The brothers also built at least two 7-9 hp V-twin engined bikes for racing and publicity purposes.
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The Mark VII chassis came from the Jaguar Mark V and the wheelbase remained the same at . The new model's body looked more streamlined, with integrated headlights and mudguards, a two-piece windscreen, and longer rear overhang. As on the Mark V, the rear wheels were partially covered by removable spats. Whereas the Mark V had a prewar pushrod engine originally developed by the Standard Motor Company, the Mark VII was powered by the newly developed XK engine.
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The Wolfhound had a crew of four and was armed with a 37 mm gun in a rotating open-topped turret, with an ammunition load of 93 rounds. Its secondary armament consisted of two machine guns; one mounted co-axially with the main weapon, the other on an AA pintle mounting. It was powered by a Cadillac, eight-cylinder, water-cooled engine. Each side featured three large tires on symmetrically placed axles, with distinctive curved mudguards.
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The BSA Lightning Rocket was a Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) motorcycle made in Birmingham. A highly tuned version of the BSA A65R Rocket this was BSA's bid to capture the potentially lucrative USA export market in the mid-1960s. Twin Amal 389/206 carburettors and high compression pistons combined with an optional close ratio gear box to give lively acceleration. Sharing many A65 cycle parts, the Lightning Rocket had a slimmer fuel tank and mudguards - with extra chrome.
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Mudguards and lighting systems are also common, and may be required for some events. As of 2019, modern lighting (LED & Lithium Ion batteries), paired with a dynamo hubs are more prevalent; as well as a mix between equipment designed for bikepacking (aerodynamic, lightweight); or more traditional pannier systems particularly for longer distance events. Randonneurs are expected to be self-sufficient between controls except in the event of real emergency. Riders are therefore expected to carry food, water, tools, etc.
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Flash Lot body by Jones Bros of Bayswater 1939 There was one more variant before the outbreak of war, both grille and windscreen were raked, the grille and the wings (mudguards) were flared and matched those of the Austin Twelve saloon introduced in 1934. Few were made before the outbreak of war ended manufacture. These taxicabs proved to be the last with a landaulette body which was forbidden by new regulations issued soon after the war.
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An oil tank was under the seat on the right matched by a toolbox on the left. Between them was an ignition switch panel hiding the battery. The headlamp was fitted in a nacelle which also housed the instruments and switches as was fashionable at the time. Deeply valanced mudguards were fitted to the standard model, making it look heavier than it actually was. A successor to the C11, the C15 had a completely redesigned frame and 250 cc engine.
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Examples include: the Fiat Scudo, Peugeot Expert and Citroën Dispatch, the Toyota Aygo, Peugeot 107 and Citroën C1, and the Peugeot Partner and Citroën Berlingo. Citroën placed a contractual obligation on the manufacturers to use green materials for the C3 Picasso range. These comprise ≥11% of the of polymers on the vehicle, including the mudguards, parcel shelf and boot carpet. Citroën recommends the vehicle is serviced at least every two years, or at every for petrol models and for the HDi diesel models.
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The shape of the standard Barker saloon body closely resembled the much smaller Lanchester Fourteen, except that the headlights were fitted into the mudguards in the same position as the Daimler Consort. It was joined in 1952 by an Empress II saloon, limousine and convertible, all with razor-edge styling by Hooper. Only a small number of Regency Barker Special Sports were made, perhaps three. They were externally distinguished by having front-hinged doors, not the "suicide doors" of the smaller-engined version.
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The Rock Garden is situated in the middle of the Capitol Complex and the Sukhna Lake in Sector 1. It is also known as Nek Chand Rock Garden after its founder. It has numerous sculptures made by using a variety of different discarded waste materials like frames, mudguards, forks, handle bars, metal wires, play marbles, porcelain, auto parts, broken bangles etc. Nek Chand himself went up the Shivalik hills and got different stones and materials with which he started building the garden.
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In 2013, Magni renewed its partnership with MV Agusta. Using the MV Brutale 1090 chassis and powerplant, the Storia ("History" in Italian) was first shown in 2013 and went on sale to the public in the spring of 2014. The model features a handcrafted aluminium tank that resembles the tank of the 750S, a new rear subframe and seat, alloy mudguards and spoked Kineo wheels. A limited edition version was produced in conjunction with Orobianco, an Italian fashion and accessories brand.
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P.9 prototype :Single- seat twin-engine fighter aircraft prototype. Two built (L6844 and L6845), can be distinguished from later production samples by the mudguards above the wheels (Though the first production sample (P6966) had them as well), the exhaust system and the so-called 'acorn' on the joint between fin and rudder. L6844 had a distinctive downward kink to the front of its pitot tube, atop the tail not seen again in following models. L6844's colour was dark grey.
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In 1953, the Bandini was adapted for new Italian racing regulations, which required fenders (mudguards) to be integrated into the body shell. Entered in the Mille Miglia, the 750 proved the World Sportscar Championship result at Sebring had been no fluke, but failed to finish in Forlì. Nevertheless, it was consistently placed in the top three at Salerno, Ascoli Piceno, Teramo, Macerata, Senigallia, Montenero Circuit, and the Consuma (Bologna) hillclimb, which concluded a successful fourth year in the Italian 750 cc championship. 750 sport torpedo.
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The Centurion crews, after operating for a few weeks in country, soon learned to remove the protective armoured side skirts from both sides of the tank, to prevent the vegetation and mud from building up between the track and the mudguards. Each Centurion in Vietnam normally carried a basic load of 62 rounds of 20 pounder shells, 4,000 rounds of .50 cal and 9,000 rounds of .30 cal machine gun ammunition for the tank commander's machine gun as well as the two coaxial machine guns.
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Piaggio filed a patent for the Vespa scooter design in April 1946. The application documents referred to a "model of a practical nature" for a "motorcycle with rationally placed parts and elements with a frame combining with mudguards and engine-cowling covering all working parts", of which "the whole constitutes a rational, comfortable motorcycle offering protection from mud and dust without jeopardizing requirements of appearance and elegance". The patent was approved the following December. The first 13 examples appeared in spring 1946, and revealed their aeronautical background.
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The Sports is also significantly restyled with a larger fuel tank, a nose fairing, side panels, seat, and tail unit that share much more modern lines. In the UK only two colour options were made: white pearl with blue and red strips, or black with orange and silver stripes. The instrumentation is improved with the introduction of a fuel gauge and like the rest of the bike, a much updated appearance. Plastic mudguards replace the chromed steel versions on the earlier machines curing the associated rust problems.
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The Talbot Ten was rebadged Sunbeam-Talbot Ten in August 1938. Rootes had decided to make no large luxury car using the Sunbeam name but keep the name alive by linking it with Talbot. Although apparently just a rebadged four door version of the Talbot Ten the new Sunbeam-Talbot Ten was given a whole new all-steel body with four doors. Changes included pressed steel wheels but covered by wheel discs, a normal lever for the gear changes, better instruments, and slightly reshaped front mudguards.
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The lawsuit originally alleged that Nissan manufactured those model years with defective floorboards on both the driver and passenger side of the vehicle but was dismissed by a judge in January 2016. The resulting premature rust was extensive and generally happened out of warranty. The real cause was that the front mudguards were not high enough and there was no stoneguard applied to the metal plates underneath the vehicle. Other car makes from other car manufacturers have also experienced the same problem to a lesser extent.
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On 4 September 1930, Gurney Nutting moved, less than a mile, to more spacious premises in Lacland Place. A few weeks later they showed at Olympia a metal panelled Weymann Bentley Sportsman's coupé beside another Bentley of traditional construction for the first time exhibiting Nutting's trademark, a deep chrome-plated beading strip running from the grille to above the rear mudguards and emphasising the sweeping new lines of the car. J Gurney Nutting built the body for Malcolm Campbell's 1931 Blue Bird world speed record car.
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At that time Karmann employed 642 people; after the death of the company founder and the takeover of the business, the workforce had already grown to over 1,400. In addition to vehicle construction and the press shop, Karmann committed to the further development of tool making. The production of complicated large tools, with which body parts such as mudguards, roofs or doors were formed from the steel sheets, cost a lot of money and also led to controversial discussions with his father. But Karmann's strategy worked.
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Magni-Suzuki Sport 1200 S Styled to resemble the iconic MV Agusts 750S, the Sport 1200 S used an engine from the Suzuki 1,200 cc Bandit. The engine was housed in a Magni twin-shock frame. The swinging arm was from a Suzuki GSX 1200 Inazuma (a retro styled version of the Bandit) and Cerani forks and Brembo four-piston calipers and twin discs were fitted to the front end. A tank, seat and exhausts resembling the 750S items and chrome mudguards were fitted.
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In 1959, in an attempt to recover the poor sales of the 250, a 300 cc version was introduced. The bore was increased to 74 mm and the stroke to 70 mm, which gave a 301 cc displacement and an output of 16 bhp (12 kW) at 5,000 rpm. To give a similar fuel consumption to the 250, the carburettor was reduced to 22 mm. A new petrol tank, mudguards and exhaust were fitted, otherwise the cycle parts were the same as the 250.
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Vincent Series C Black Lightning Vincent-HRD began motorcycle production in 1928 and were well established after World War II when they launched the Black Lightning. This was a production version of the Black Lightning which held the motorcycle land-speed record, with a similar engine specification. Available to order, a standard Black Lightning was supplied in racing trim with magnesium alloy components, special racing tyres on alloy rims, rear-set foot controls, a solo seat and aluminium mudguards. This reduced the Lightning's weight to .
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The RD7 range is a road bike but with disc brakes and a more relaxed design, named after UK counties & places. A common frame is used on all models: the wheel set, forks, group set and brakes are changed as the price increases. Whyte also have their own line in accessories, some designed specifically to fit their bikes, including mudguards, saddles, grips, and handle bars. In 2019, Whyte won a court case against British drinks company Rich Energy, regarding the potential theft of their stag logo.
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The centre rear of the body was lowered, or else had a small hinged door, and there was a step beneath. The wheels were of moderate size, always fitted with mudguards, and usually carried on elliptical springs. The axle was either straight or dropped, giving a low, stable, centre of gravity. The purpose of the cart was to be light enough to be drawn by a well-tempered pony or cob, who would be gentle enough, according to the mores of the time, to be handled by a lady.
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In 1947, Bandini raced a Cisitalia D46 at the Asti circuit, and raced his 1100 Sport at the Predappio- Rocca delle Camminate race, coming second in his class. After constructing a second example, Bandini entered the 1949 Mille Miglia with his new 1100 siluro, featuring torpedo-like bodywork and cycle fenders (separate mudguards). The car still used the same Fiat engine, modified with a twin overhead camshaft cylinder head based on an Alfa Romeo design. With this car, Bandini entered events at Senigallia, Ferrara, Modena, Bari, and Pescara.
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The Supreme Court held that the Illinois law was unconstitutional under the Commerce clause, technically the Dormant Commerce Clause. In Bibb v. Navajo Freight Lines, 359 U.S. 520, 524 (1959), the Supreme Court stated: The court was unanimous, but Justice Harlan filed a concurrence, which was joined by Justice Stewart. To find the statute unconstitutional, the Court balanced the benefit of the regulation to the state (in the form of increased safety) against the burden on interstate commerce arising from out of state truck drivers having to stop at the Illinois border and change mudguards.
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Unveiled at the 2012 São Paulo International Motor Show, the SLS AMG GT3 "45th ANNIVERSARY" is a limited (5 units) version of the SLS AMG GT3 commemorating the 45th anniversary of the AMG brand. Main highlights included designo magno graphite matte body colour, a seat shell in a high-strength carbon-fibre safety cell on the co-driver's side, carbon fibre reinforced plastic doors, bonnet, mudguards, boot lid, rear wings, front and rear apron, front splitter and rear diffuser. The engines for the SLS AMG GT3 "45th ANNIVERSARY" were installed by Bernd Schneider.
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Seatposts should be periodically removed from the frame, cleaned, greased and refitted to prevent the seatpost seizing in the frame. This is particularly important with bikes which do not have mudguards (fenders) that are regularly ridden in wet conditions. Care should be taken not to overtighten the bolt or quick-release lever which clamps the post in the frame, especially where this acts on two brazed lugs rather than a separate clamp-on collar. Overtightening can bend or break the frame lugs or strip the threads in a separate collar.
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250 cc Ariel Leader Ariel 3, a 49 cc tilting trike In 1959, Ariel dropped its four-stroke engines and produced the Ariel Leader, a fully enclosed 250 cc two-stroke with a fully faired body from the headlamp aft. The Leader aimed to combine the benefits of the motorcycle with the advantages of a scooter. Ariel also made the Arrow, a more open version of the Leader which kept the Leader's enclosed chain case and deep mudguards. Both models were an unsuccessful attempt to compete with new Japanese imports.
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Velocette KSS Racer 1947 A production roadster motorcycle, the KSS was modified with a racing clutch and tuned to achieve 90 mph around the Isle of Man TT course, largely due to the excellent handling. Important improvements included the positive- stop foot-operated gear change from the Velocette KTT production racing version. In 1936 Velocette developed the KSS Mk II, which had a Velocette MKV KTT based chassis and a new engine with an alloy cylinder head. A touring version, the Velocette KTS was also developed with 19-inch wheels and matching mudguards.
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The use of these spikes in this discipline necessitate the addition of special protective guards (similar to mudguards) over the wheels which extend almost to the ice surface. The spiked tyres produce a tremendous amount of traction and this means two-speed gearboxes are also required. The use of spikes on the tyres makes the sport more dangerous with fallen riders running the risk of being run over by other bikes. Ice speedway riders have often been described as both the bravest and craziest of all speedway riders.
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For 1914 the car changed over to steel channel frame carried on four semi-elliptic leaf springs.The Light Car, C.F.Caunter, HMSO, 1970, p44 The car had worm and sector steering, and the brakes comprised a pedal operated transmission brake and two hand-lever operated external contracting brakes. The two-seater body had the seats slightly staggered, and the specification included the hood, adjustable windscreen, a boot, mudguards, running boards, and an acetylene lighting set. The engine remained at 970cc and was fitted with an Eisemann magneto and Claudel carburettor.
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This is a limited (100 units) version for Japanese market. It included a I4 engine, 6-speed manual transmission, stiffer sport suspension that lowers its ride height by , rear disk brakes, RAYS 16x5.5-in aluminium wheels with 175/60R16 tires, enhanced brakes, stiffening brace, tachometer, aluminium pedals, rear spoiler, GRMN emblem and a sport exhaust system. The GAZOO Racing package adds a front bumper spoiler, side mudguards, rear bumper spoiler centre muffler, Toyota front fog lamps, original decal, front sport seat covers. The vehicle was unveiled at the January 2009 Tokyo Auto Salon.
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The sport is divided into classes for full-rubber and studded tires. The studded tire category involves competitors riding on bikes with spikes up to in length screwed into each tread-less tyre, each bike has 90 spikes on the front tyre and 200–500 on the rear. The use of these spikes in this discipline necessitate the addition of special protective guards (similar to mudguards) over the wheels which extend almost to the ice surface. The spiked tyres produce a tremendous amount of traction and this means two-speed gearboxes are also required.
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Swallow Coachbuilding Company (later Jaguar Cars) The maker would provide the coachworks with a chassis frame, drivetrain (consisting of an engine, gearbox, differential, axles, and wheels), brakes, suspension, steering system, lighting system, spare wheel(s), front and rear mudguards and (later) bumpers, scuttle (firewall) and dashboard. The very easily damaged honeycomb radiator, later enclosed and protected by a shell, typically became the main visual element identifying the chassis' brand. To maintain some level of control over the final product, chassis manufacturers' warranties would be voided by mating them with unapproved bodies.
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Official Programme – International Auto-Cycle Tourist Trophy 28 May 1907 pages 1–3 The Auto-Cycle Club (1907). Reproduction (2007) Isle of Man Post Office The event was organised by the Auto-Cycle Club over 10 laps of the Isle of Man St John's Short Course of 15 miles 1,470 yards for road-legal 'touring' motorcycles with exhaust silencers, saddles, pedals and mudguards. From 1911 the Isle of Man TT transferred to the much longer Snaefell Mountain Course of (current length ). Its elevation goes from sea- level to 1,300 feet.
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The same paint scheme applied to the mudguards with a white-lined black stripe running down through their centre. The side panels were silver painted with black 'tombstone' style lettering stating the model name and engine size: 'Bandit 350'. The engine was all-alloy as opposed to Triumph's other twins that relied upon an iron barrel and considered by Cycle Guide to be 'beautifully finished' and 'a real thing of beauty'. Cycle Guide criticised the retention of a traditionally Triumph vertically split crankcase halves rather than adopting the Japanese practice of horizontally splitting them.
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The new date meant that the Italian teams were unable to attend, leaving it to be mostly an internal French affair with sixteen Bugattis, two Peugeots and a Delage among the twenty five starters. Among the top Bugatti drivers were Louis Chiron, Marcel Lehoux, Count Stanislas Czaikowski, Jean-Pierre Wimille, Philippe Étancelin and William Grover-Williams. A curiosity in the largely single-seat entry list was Tim Birkin's 4½-litre supercharged "Blower Bentley" touring car, stripped down to racing trim, with headlights and mudguards removed. The race distance was twenty five laps of the 15.8 km track, making a total of 396 km.
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Touring bicycles may appear similar to road bicycles if they have drop handlebars. However, they greatly differ by typically having a longer wheelbase and more stable steering geometry, with numerous attachments for luggage racks, fenders (mudguards), lights, high capacity water bottles, tools and spare parts. Chainstays must be long enough to accommodate panniers without them brushing the rider's heels, and the entire structure must be stiff enough to safely handle long, fast descents with the machine fully loaded. To be field-repairable and for reliability, touring bicycles typically have a steel (CroMo) frame and fork, however aluminum and titanium are also sometimes used.
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1898 Wartburg Wartburg 311 Wartburg 312 1988 Wartburg 353 (also known as the Wartburg Knight) Wartburg 1.3; the last Wartburg model, in production between 1988 and 1991 The marque dates back to 1898 when a car made by Automobilwerk Eisenach was named the Wartburgwagen. It consisted of a two-seating cane chair, four mudguards, two headlamps, and a two-cylinder, 765-cc engine. Its top speed was . The name was dropped in 1904 when the company changed hands but re-appeared briefly in the early 1930s on the BMW 3/15 DA-3 Wartburg, which was BMW's first sports car.
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The AJS Silver Streak was a British motorcycle launched in 1938 and described in the sales brochure as the 'aristocrats of the motor-cycle world'. Produced with a choice of 250 cc, 350 cc and 500 cc engines, the Silver Streaks were super sport machines with a special polished finish and hand tuned engines. As many parts as possible were specially chrome plated, including the mudguards, headlamp, fork links, front and rear chain cases, oil and petrol tanks and even the tool-box. The Silver Streak had high ground clearance and a substantial crankcase shield which made it a good competition motorcycle.
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In December 1958, the Velocette development team built Venom off-road motorcycles, which were sent to the United States for evaluation in enduro events. Built to the Viper Clubman standard and advertised with the slogan "A winner in every respect", the Scrambler had a specially lightened frame, light alloy mudguards and high-level enduro-style exhaust pipes. A special off-road Venom was named the Endurance. Fitted with the Venom engine, it had a 21-inch front wheel, high handlebars and a small fuel tank, as well as full lighting so that it could be legally used on the roads.
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Honda Gold Wing The most prominent of the plastic or fibreglass shells covering parts of the motorcycle is the "fairing". In practice, this may blend almost seamlessly with engine panels or wheel covers/mudguards (which in some cases will be painted or plated metal). These systems act to protect the rider from some or all of the weather, may improve aerodynamics (reducing drag), and are an important styling element. Modern fairings, mostly designed specifically for each motorcycle and fitted as original equipment by the manufacturer, have eliminated the aerodynamic and structural failings of early add-on fairings.
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The new date meant that the Italian teams were unable to attend, leaving it to be mostly an internal French affair with sixteen Bugattis, two Peugeots and a Delage among the twenty five starters. Among the top Bugatti drivers were Louis Chiron, Marcel Lehoux, Count Stanislas Czaikowski, Jean-Pierre Wimille, Philippe Étancelin and William Grover-Williams. A curiosity in the largely single-seat entry list was Tim Birkin's blower Bentley touring car, stripped down to racing trim, with headlights and mudguards removed. The race distance was twenty five laps of the 15.8 km track, making a total of 396 km.
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The opening stanza, which describes "driving through tiny / Roads, the mudguards brushing the cowparsley", is similar in tone to section viii of Autumn Journal (1939), in which MacNeice recalls how he "drove around Shropshire in a bijou car" together with his first wife Mary Ezra.Louis MacNeice: Autumn Journal (1939), section viii. The second stanza, describing chalkland in summer, with beech trees and gorse, suggests the countryside close to Marlborough College, where MacNeice was a pupil. (As a schoolboy, MacNeice had indulged in "long bicycle rides into the Wiltshire countryside" with his close friend Graham Shepard.)Jon Stallworthy: Louis MacNeice, p. 81.
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The light weight and aerodynamics of a road bike allows this type of bicycle to be the second most efficient self-powered means of transportation, behind only recumbent bicycles due to the latter's higher aerodynamic efficiency. Mountain bikes fitted with slick or semi-slick are also popular for commuters. Though less efficient, the upright riding position allows the cyclist a better view of traffic, and they can also be readily fitted with mudguards, cargo racks and other accessories. Mountain bikes are usually ridden on unpaved roads and tracks but they are not to be confused with cyclocross bikes.
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These cars, when their headlights were removed, qualified to race in the sports category: they could also be adapted to qualify for the racing category simply by removing their cycle fenders (separate mudguards). With exports increasing, Bandini earned respect and success in races outside Italy, also gaining coverage in the specialist press. Two Bandinis were shown at Chicago in 1952, with a 750 sports torpedo displayed at the 1953 New York Auto Show at Madison Square Garden. Despite his commitments, Bandini himself continued to race, competing at Chieti, Senigallia, and Bari, as well as piloting the 750 to it first victory, the Bologna-Raticosa Hillclimb, in 1952.
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The SS50 replaced the OHV C110 and derivatives, with the SS standing for "Super Sports". Basically with the same form as the S50, it had a few upgrades: The first SS50s in the late 1960s, were delivered with chrome panelled tank, and frame painted in the same colour as the tank's paintwork. Later on they got a longer, thinner petrol tank in red, blue or yellow and a grey frame, and chromed mudguards. Introduced with a four-speed gearbox, the handlebar controls and switches corresponded to the high level of other Honda motorcycle models, made from cast aluminum, and a standard rear-view mirror.
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The rear suspension system was of the sliding pillar type, a block carrying the stub axle rode up and down on two guide pillars mounted on a solid casting bolted to the side of the body. The block's vertical movement was controlled by coil springs. The front suspension was upgraded with a hydraulic shock absorber Externally, the differences between the Mark A and Mark B Minicar were very subtle. The rear mudguards were slightly smaller but wider to accommodate the wheel movement whilst the storage area behind the rear seats was also enlarged, increasing the cars overall length slightly and changing its rear profile.
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Glove box on newer Vespa PX On 23 April 1946, at 12 o'clock in the central office for inventions, models and makes of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce in Florence, Piaggio e C. S.p.A. took out a patent for a "motorcycle of a rational complexity of organs and elements combined with a frame with mudguards and a casing covering the whole mechanical part".Vespa - A Story of Success The basic patented design allowed a series of features to be deployed on the spar-frame that would later allow quick development of new models. The original Vespa featured a rear pillion seat for a passenger, or optionally a storage compartment.
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From the 1960s to the 2000s, Valmet/Valtra tractors featured metallic fuel tanks within the subframe, where they are protected from rocks, tree stumps and branches. In the newest Valtra models the fuel tank is no longer situated inside the subframe, but forest protection is available. Other forest specifications include a high ground clearance, a forest cab, the TwinTrac reverse-drive system, narrow mudguards, protected tyre valves and factory-fitted forest tyres. With TwinTrac, the seat, along with the armrest located controls can be turned through 180 degrees to meet a second set of foot pedals and a smaller steering wheel placed at the rear of the cab.
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At the bottom end of the tube, a certain volume of mercury is placed, while at the cap end are wired two live electrical contacts linked to a battery and bomb.Cutterbuck (1994) p. 52 This apparatus is then fixed lengthwise to the target vehicle; most usually, the tube is attached to the underside, below the driver or passenger's seat (depending on the desired target and the strength and quantity of the detonators) or within the mudguards. The function of the fuze is such that when it is tilted or moved, the mercury – a liquid metal – will slide down the tube and close the electrical circuit wired to the bomb.
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Touring bicycle There are numerous variants on the traditional road tourer depending on the weight carried and the type of terrain expected. Expedition tourers are strongly built bicycles designed for carrying heavy loads over the roughest roads in remote and far-flung places. These range from simply stronger built mountain bikes, equipped with racks, panniers, mudguards and heavy-duty tires, to purpose-built bicycles built to cope with long-haul touring on tracks and unsealed roads in developing countries. Their frames are often made of steel as it is stronger, more flexible- therefore more comfortable over rough surfaces- and any breakages can be repaired virtually anywhere in the world.
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It had a larger pack rack on the back and an optional holder for a long handled shovel. The KV100 A7 produced in 1976 had a candy super red fuel tank and chrome (metal) fenders front and back. They were available in various colors (yellow, white, blue, green) based around changes in model (petrol tank and guards) until Kawasaki adopted its well-known green color branding for its trail bikes around 1989. Plastic front fenders (mudguards) were used around 1982 The KV100 series is known for being made up of parts from other models (G3, G4, G5) of the same era which used the same frame or engine.
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Lighter gauge chassis to reduce weight were incorporated inorder to improve performance. This led to a downgrade in terms of quality strength for the UCE Thunderbird as compared to the AVL Thunderbird, however, an upgrade in terms of performance for the UCE Thunderbird due to lighter weight leading to comparatively faster pickup. The final drive chain is moved to the right side and it is the most obvious change from the old model apart from the new engine. The first generation UCE Thunderbird would share the same 14.3 litre fuel tank and mudguards as the AVL Thunderbird along with 19 inch front and rear wheels.
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Clasps which can be adjusted with one hand (ideal for riding), clips, pockets, and webbing loops on the strap for holding a cell phone or two-way radio and other equipment also feature on purpose-built messenger bags. Bags generally have large capacities (up to 50 liters or 3,000 cubic inches). Baskets and racks mounted on the bike are also used, and at least one messenger service (in New York City) equips its riders with specialized three-wheel cycles (sometimes known as cargo- trikes), with a large trunk in the rear. Many bicycle messengers also wear helmets and mount lights and fenders (mudguards) to their bicycles.
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A Dutch couple in their normal, formal or fashionable clothes. Vintage bicycles dating back to the 1950s and 60s are especially seen as appropriate, with their mudguards, chain guard, carriers, baskets and lights all contributing to their usefulness. The point is to be able to cycle casually without special protection, with shopping or pets, even with a passenger riding on the rack (although that is illegal in some countries). Models mentioned in various early 21st century media include vintage Schwinns, three-speed Raleighs, the Velorbis, and the new-vintage models made by Pashleys and Brooklyn Bicycle Co., all bicycles which incorporate classic vintage features.
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On 9 July 1927, she departed from London in the same car (PF6465), once again accompanied by her husband plus a journalist and an engineer. They drove through France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, and finally planted a Union Jack about north of the Arctic Circle. It was farther north than anyone had previously driven, a record that remained unbroken until the 21st century. On 9 December 1927, she and her husband, assisted by J. A. Joyce, started a 10-day endurance record in fog at Montlhéry, driving an AC Six fitted with a racing screen but minus roof, mudguards and lights.
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Touring bicycles usually have linear-pull brakes or cantilever brakes, instead of the caliper brakes used on racing bicycles. Caliper brakes are less suitable because, to fit around mudguards (fenders) and wide tires, they become large and may flex when trying to stop a heavy bike. Some newer touring bikes use disc brakes, because of their greater stopping power in wet and muddy conditions and also to avoid outer rim wear. However, they are more complicated, so repairing them in remote locations can be difficult; they also weigh more than cantilever brakes, increase the stresses on spokes, and require the front wheel to be dished, which reduces the durability of the wheels.
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In 2005 interest from other African countries arose about the Z-600 and Dr. Izuogu was invited to South Africa to give a speech on science and technology. The South African government showed keen interest in the car and wanted Izuogu to build it in South Africa. Optimism surrounded the car until March 11, 2006, when no fewer than 12 heavily armed men raided the factory of Izuogu Motors in Naze taking with them the molds for the engine blocks and crank shaft, mudguards, the design history notebook of Z-600, the design file; Z-MASS (containing the design history for mass production of the Z-600 car) and other components. This was a big setback for the project.
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The fixed-gear was also commonly used, and continues to be used in the end of season hill climb races in the autumn. A typical club men's fixed- gear machine would have been a "road/path" or "road/track" cycle. In the era when most riders only had one cycle, the same bike when stripped down and fitted with racing wheels was used for road time trials and track racing, and when fitted with mudguards (fenders) and a bag, it was used for club runs, touring and winter training. By the 1960s, multi-gear derailleurs had become the norm and riding fixed-gear bicycles on the road declined over the next few decades.
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The classic Omafiets is still in production in the Netherlands and has changed little since 1911: it comes with a single-speed gear, 28 x 1½ (ISO 635) wheels, black painted frame and mudguards (with white-blazoning at the back of the rear one), and a rear skirt guard. Modern variants, be they painted in other colours, with aluminium frames, drum-brakes or multiple gear ratios in a hub gearing system, will all conform to the same basic look and dimensions as the classic Omafiets. The Dutch gentlemen's equivalent is called the Opafiets (Dutch for "grandpa bike") or Stadsfiets ("city bike") and generally has the same characteristics but with a "diamond" or "gents'" frame, thereby much the same as the gentleman's roadster in England and elsewhere.
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Raleigh Superbe sports roadster with 26-inch tires and Dynohub A variation on this type of bicycle is the sports roadster (also known as the "light roadster"), which typically has a lighter frame, and a slightly steeper seat-tube and head-tube angle of about 70° to 72° degrees, fitted with cable brakes, comfortable "flat" North Road handlebars, mudguards and, as often as not, three, four or five-speed internal hub gears. Sports or light roadsters were fitted with 26 x 1⅜ inch (ISO 590) traditional English size wheels with Endrick rims, hence a lower bottom bracket and correspondingly lower stand- over height and weighing around 35-40 pounds (16 – 18 kg). It was these bikes that were wrongly called "English racer" in the United States.
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Late model 1982 Triumph TR7T Tiger Trail with Triumph's advertising poster celebrating the 1981 Rallye des Pyrénées win With the exception of the aforementioned white military 750 cc Tiger Trail, the model came in one colour only, 'Sunburst Yellow', and featured yellow plastic mudguards and side panels. The petrol tank of the smaller two gallon 'USA' type in the same colour, had a stylised 'T' decal affixed on either side, the first use of main styling decals for Triumph. The tank had two Italian Paioli petrol taps for main and reserve. The 'semi-western' handlebars, braced and fitted with Dohertey rubber grips, together with the petrol filler cap were black powder-coated whilst the two-into-one exhaust system and silencer were black chromed.
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Fully loaded touring recumbent Two-wheel trailer Cycle touring beyond the range of a day trip may need a bike capable of carrying heavy loads. Although many different bicycles can be used, specialist touring bikes are built to carry appropriate loads and to be ridden more comfortably over long distances. A typical bicycle would have a longer wheelbase for stability and heel clearance, frame fittings for front and rear pannier racks, additional water bottle mounts, frame fittings for front and rear mudguards/fenders, a broader range of gearing to cope with the increased weight, and touring tires which are wider to provide more comfort on backroads. "Ultralight tourers" choose traditional road bicycles or "Audax" or randonneur bicycles for speed and simplicity.
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A bicycle fender There are original manufacturers designed and generic fenders, (universally known in British English as mudguards) for bicycles that can be fitted to most bicycle frames. These catch and redirect road spray thrown up by the tires, allowing the rider to remain clean. They are increasingly common on bicycles in the more car dependent English-speaking countries, since bikes in these countries tend to be sports-oriented, with minimal clearance between tires and frame tubes for fenders, or were ridden only in mild conditions, although there are a few fenders that are designed to be attached to the seat post. The trend towards urban biking, which has doubled in the past decade, led to a production, import, and use boom in utility bikes.
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Charles left the business around 1930, leaving the running to his son Wilfred P. Dawes, a former estate agent, who died in 1993. He had passed control of the business over to his son Richard Dawes in the 1970s. Primarily marketing itself a racing cycle manufacturer, Dawes made its money and impact through a combination of noted customer service (it would even undertake repairs at the factory), and a broader range of bicycles calculated to meet real working, commuting and leisure needs. The company built good frames with fine paintwork (though usually without rococo lugs), and by making many of their own components (brakes, pedals, mudguards, etc.), ensured that all the components of the finished bicycle were of high quality.
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The car with flags on display, 2015 The car has a flagpole mounted on each of the front mudguards. Ordinarily these flew the Flag of Ireland and the Presidential Standard; when a foreign dignitary was travelling with the President then the relevant foreign flag would replace the Presidential Standard. In 1950 the car was put at the disposal of the visiting Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, Cardinal Norman Thomas Gilroy, and flew the Flag of Vatican City from both poles. The car was always maintained by the Department of Defence and driven by a Military driver, until President Erskine H. Childers took office, then it was passed over to the Garda Síochána where it had been maintained since and driven by a Garda.
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Contemporary gents' roadster The classic gents' roadster, AKA the English roadster, has a lugged brazed steel diamond frame, rod-actuated brakes and of late, cable operated drum brake systems have been widely produced for the European market, upright North Road handlebars, a single gear ratio or 3 or 5 speed hub gears, a chaincase, steel mudguards, steel cranks, 28 x 1½ inch (ISO 635) wheels, Westwood rims, and often a Sturmey-Archer hub dynamo. Roadsters are built for durability above all else and no serious attempt is made to save weight in their design or construction, roadsters weigh upwards of 40-45 pounds (18–20 kg). They were often the mounts of policemen and rural letter carriers. A derivative of the roadster, the ladies' model, is seldom called a roadster.
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1982 UK/RoW specification Triumph TSS at the London Motorcycle Museum sporting the Morris alloy wheel option but also owner-fitted with some non-standard 1979 parts: Girling rear shock absorbers, handlebar levers and a grabrail with parcel carrier Launched in 1982 with an electric starter as standard, the all-new top end of the engine featured Cooper rings sealing the 8-valve cylinder head to the barrel. American Morris alloy wheels were an option with dual Automotive Products Lockheed disc brakes upfront as standard. The fins of the black painted engine were polished although, like the Triumph TR65 Thunderbird, many alloy cycle parts that had in the past been bright–polished or chromed were now painted satin black. Mudguards were stainless steel as were the Italian Radaelli rims for the wire-spoked wheel option.
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Norton continued production of their 3.5 hp and Big 4 singles well into the war period, though in November 1916 the Ministry of Munitions issued an order that no further work on motor cycles or cars would be allowed from 15 November 1916 without a permit."Permits for new motor vehicles", The Motor Cycle, 16 November 1916 By this time most motor cycle companies were already either producing munitions (or aircraft parts), or devoted to the export trade. Norton were involved in exporting and earlier that year had announced"A new colonial model Norton", Motor Cycle, 6 July 1916 a new 'Colonial Model' of their 633cc Big 4. This featured an increase in ground clearance from 4.25" to 6.5", by altering the frame, larger tank, greater clearance on mudguards, and a sturdy rear carrier.
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Ash body frame ready to be clad in metal mounted on a Morgan 4/4 chassis The coachbuilder's wooden frame fixed to its replica Bentley chassis The chassis would have with it all lights, standard instruments and their panel, engine cover, mudguards and running boards and spare wheel(s) Original 1930 Bentley Speed Six Gurney Nutting coupé Bugatti Type 57 rolling chassis A coachbuilder, or body-maker, manufactures bodies for passenger-carrying vehicles.Construction has always been a skilled trade requiring a relatively lightweight product with sufficient strength. The manufacture of necessarily fragile, but satisfactory wheels by a separate trade, a wheelwright, held together by iron or steel tyres, was always most critical. From about AD 1000 rough vehicle construction was carried out by a wainwright, a wagon-builder.
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A wartime Fordson Model N tractor The Fordson Model N replaced the Fordson Model F. It was an improved variant of the F. Production of the Model N started in Cork in 1927. Production of the Fordson Model N was transferred from Cork to Dagenham in 1933. The Model N featured a 27 HP engine, standard rear fenders (mudguards), a higher voltage ignition system, and optional pneumatic tires. In 1935 power take-off (PTO) was available as an option on the Model N. The Fordson Model N was probably the most important tractor in the United Kingdom during World War II. The Dagenham plant produced over 136,000 Model N tractors during the war.. Ford of the U.S. also exported Model 9N tractors to the U.K. during the war.
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During 1937 the Italian Ministry of War issued specifications for a new armoured car (autoblindomitragliatrice), to fulfil the requirements of both colonial police long range patrols and army reconnaissance units for the new armoured formations. In May 1939 the Fiat-SPA and Ansaldo-Fossati consortium unveiled its armoured car proposal, named Abm 1, at the inauguration of the new Fiat Mirafiori plant near Turin; two prototypes had been built, one outfitted for military and one for police use. After trials by the Army, in May 1940 the armoured car was standardised, adopted with the official designation Autoblindo 40, and a first batch of 176 vehicles ordered. At the request of the Army the prototype had undergone numerous changes before it was adopted: redesigned front hull, recessed headlamps under armoured covers, improved ventilation, new cast spoked wheels, and flat, shortened mudguards.
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The Big 6 was one of, (if not the), first fire appliances to be fitted with two-way radio communication. A photo of the inauguration event shows the Governor seated in the Big 6, testing the new equipment, with Deputy Chief Officer Gerald Condon standing by. On 12 May 1950, the Big 6 was moved to No. 3 Stn, The Rocks. Whilst at this location, it was, at the instigation of Sub Station Officer J. Meeve,Report: 29/5/50 modified by shortening the mudguards to prevent possible damage being caused by their contact with the kerbstone when arriving at and departing the station. On 12/4/1954, the Big 6 was returned to Headquarters to serve as the 2nd Call appliance until when, some time prior to 1962; it was once again repositioned - this time to No. 38 Stn, Pyrmont.
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The pressure of the contact area, which varies with the radius of the dome on the anvil wheel and the pressure of the adjusting screw, and the number of wheeling passes determines the degree to which the material stretches. Some operators prefer a foot adjuster so they can maintain constant pressure over varying sheet metal thickness for smoothing, with both hands free to manipulate the work piece. This style of adjuster is also helpful for blending the edge of high crown areas that are thinner, with low crown areas that are relatively unstretched. A drawback of the foot adjuster is that it can get in the way of very longitudinally curved panels, such as the cycle type mudguards (wings/fenders) used on motorcycles, pre-WW2 sports cars, and current open- wheeled cars like the Lotus / Caterham 7.
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It had a single vacuum-powered wiper, no heater, vinyl trim, and very little chrome; even the bumpers were painted, and the bakelite dash of the Anglia was replaced by a flat steel panel. The Popular 103E differed visually from the Anglia E494E in having smaller headlights and a lack of trim on the side of the bonnet.Bill Ballard, English and Australian Small Fords: Recognition and Restoration, 2003, page 74 Early 103Es had the three spoke banjo type Anglia/Prefect steering wheel as stocks of these were used up, but most have a two spoke wheel similar to the 100E wheel but in brown. Early Populars also had the single centrally mounted tail/stop-lamp of the Anglia, but this changed to a two tail/stop lamp set up with the lamps mounted on the mudguards and a separate number plate lamp. In total, 155,340 Popular E103s were produced.
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After the death of Stonebridge, Greeves signed Dave Bickers, who won the 1960 and 1961 250 cc championship.Greeves History Frank Conley's The company went on to win the Manx Grand Prix, the Scott Trial, the European Trials Championship and the Scottish Six Days Trial, winning gold medals in the ISDT and the ACU 250 cc Road Race. Bert Greeves also managed to sign up Bill Wilkinson, the Yorkshire trials rider who made the headlines when he won the British Experts Trail competition in 1960, the first time it had ever been won on a two-stroke motorcycle and a significant result for the Greeves factory. Greeves 250DCX Sportsman 1962 In 1963 the Greeves range still included the 25DC Sports Twin and two new models with the latest glass fibre tanks and handlebar fairings, as well as plastic mudguards. These were the 25DD 'Essex' and the 250 DCX 'Sportsman'.
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Utility bicycles often feature a step-through frame so they can be easily mounted, single speed, or with internal hub gearing, and drum brakes to reduce the need for maintenance, mudguards to keep the rider's clothing clean, a chain guard to prevent skirts or loose trousers from being caught in the chain, a skirt guard to prevent a long coat or skirt catching in the rear wheel or brakes, a center stand kickstand so it can be parked easily, and a basket or pannier rack to carry personal possessions or shopping bags. A traditional type of utility bicycle, the English roadster may weigh as much as 35 to 50 pounds (16 – 23 kg). Parts such as frames, wheels/rims, and tires are chosen for strength, safety, and durability rather than high performance. Additionally, utility bikes tend to incorporate fewer technological advances in material design and engineering in comparison to sport bicycles, though there are exceptions.
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Another variant of the livery is its negative version (blue, with the stripes and wording in white) to be applied in vans and special vehicles. The three variants have been applied to most of the vehicles acquired after 2014. However, other vehicles carry older or not standard liveries, namely the 2004 livery (similar to the 2014 livery, but with the wording "POLICIA" in serif letters - which are inclined in the sides - and the PSP coat of arms instead of the national colors logo), the 1991 livery (blue body with doors, trunk and bonnet in white and crossed by red stripes), the 1979 livery (blue body with white front doors), the all blue body (used by most of the vans and special vehicles) and several special police programs (Safe School, Tourism support, etc.) liveries. A restored Volkswagen Beetle historical patrol car - kept for use in ceremonies and exhibitions - is anachronistically painted with the 1979-1991 livery, instead of the original livery used by the PSP in the 1960s and 1970s, which consisted in a blue body and grey mudguards, with the word "POLÍCIA" on the doors.
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The 30-98s used the Prince Henry chassis, they were distinguished by having more-or-less flat rather than V-shaped radiators. Laurence Pomeroy took the Prince Henry L-head side-valve engine, bored it out 3 mm, then cold-stretched the crankshaft throws 5 mm using a steam power hammer to lengthen the stroke.The cold stretching of production crankshafts is disputed The camshaft was given a new chain drive at the front of the engine, high lift cams and new tappet clearances. The Prince Henry chassis was slightly modified and the whole given a narrow alloy four-seater body, a pair of alloy wings (front mudguards) and no doors. Before war intervened only 13 30-98s were made and they were for selected drivers, the last in 1915This 4½-litre car was delivered in March 1915. It had a lengthened chassis with the cantilever rear springs of the 1914 GP Vauxhalls and seated four people, two more behind a separate windscreen at the rear. The car would exceed 90 mph on the road. Kent Karslake, Laurence Pomeroy, From Veteran to Vintage, Temple Press, London, 1956 for Percy Kidner a joint managing director (CEO) of Vauxhall.
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The 1930 French Grand Prix, held at Pau back down in the south was one of the more memorable French Grands Prix of the pre-World War II period. This race, held in September on a one-off triangular 9.8mile (15.8-km) public road circuit just a few kilometres away from the current Pau Grand Prix track saw a special supercharged version of the famous Bentley 4½ Litre called the Blower Bentley compete in the race with Briton and "Bentley Boy" Tim Birkin driving. The Bentley team had been dominating the famed 24 Hours of Le Mans, and this Blower Bentley had its headlights and mudguards removed, as these were not needed for this race, giving it the appearance of an open-wheel car. The Bentley, which was much larger and heavier than the small Bugattis around it performed well – at this very fast circuit which was made up of very long straights and tight hairpins actually suited the powerful Blower Bentley, and it enabled Birkin to pass the pits at 130mph (very fast for that time), and he overtook car after car – to the amazement of the crowd.
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