In the West, for instance, these topics can seem more theoretical.
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In France, feminism tends "to be more theoretical and academic," Ms. Morgan said.
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These efforts seem more theoretical, and still very much in the academic research phase.
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It's not always clear exactly what the mechanisms are; it's a little more theoretical.
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Besides these more theoretical qualms about Pigouvian taxes, policymakers encounter all manner of practical ones.
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Walkway feels timely in terms of present politics and sociology, but the technology is more theoretical.
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But without the existence of these trusted British companies, competition would become ever more theoretical anyway.
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Others, like shutting down the games that pharmaceutical companies play to avoid competition, are more theoretical.
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Mr. Sanders's weaknesses as a general election candidate are, at the moment, more theoretical than real.
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Even in the printed magazine, which serves the more theoretical side, there is a sense of irreverence.
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"He wanted me to look at it from a more theoretical standpoint," Sammy Gelfand said of Fraser.
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At one point, Dr. Chatterjee said, there were more theoretical models of the bursts than observed bursts.
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During today's talk, held at communications startup Twilio's developer conference, Abovitz gave a couple of more theoretical examples.
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So, perhaps, we shouldn't be crying wolf over a threat that's more theoretical than real at this point.
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These more theoretical explanations, which arise from gender studies, are difficult to measure, but each has found some support.
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My sense is that until 2018, multipolarity was a more theoretical concept—more something to write about than to witness.
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Sex As early as last week, the idea that Zika could be spread via semen seemed more theoretical than probable.
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Accomplishing this with a leader as polarizing as President Trump, of course, is more theoretical at this point than realistic.
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One observer, Iain Begg of the London School of Economics, also argues that the British fear is more theoretical than real.
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The curve is more theoretical than practical, since it doesn't answer the question of when a tax rate is too high.
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The first report is a shorter, more theoretical take, from researchers at the Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change.
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"Coursework should focus on building practical financial skills which are more likely to be retained than the more theoretical financial topics," he said.
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One solution, more theoretical than practical so far, amounts to killing two birds with one stone and adding a third benefit: vertical farming.
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Jim Lowell, CIO at Adviser Investments, told CNBC's "The Rundown " that the tax reform plan at the moment is more theoretical than practical.
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Morocco is expected to submit a 2026 proposal to FIFA by Friday's deadline, but its plan is far more theoretical at this point.
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JD.com is interested in practical robots, not theoretical AI"We want to distinguish [ourselves] from the more theoretical AI efforts," Cheng told Business Insider.
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This is the freshman season for Tyus Jones, his second in a row, and his curriculum so far has been far more theoretical than practical.
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Never. I locked myself in a toilet stall and reviewed photos from high school when I hated the world on a more theoretical basis than literal.
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A time that saw many artists shift from an activist approach to social issues in the 60s and 70s to a more theoretical approach in the 80s.
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The next day, Mr. Guzmán's attorneys were talking to the defendant about the possibility of testifying, although those discussions were described as more theoretical rather than tactical.
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Taking a more theoretical tack on the analysis of Van Eyck's influence is Alison Smith's idea that the mirror signifies Victorian notions of order and sexual morality.
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" Professor Raiffa was headed for a career as an actuary when, he once said, "I decided that I really wanted to study something more cerebral — something more theoretical.
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His defensive versatility is real, but his positive impact on that end is still more theoretical than consistently realized, and his turnover rate is nearly higher than his usage percentage.
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The proposal ignores that , thus far, the Title II designation has been found legal and instead cites from dissenting opinions to poke more theoretical holes in the case for net neutrality.
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Our collective experience in the ultra-present is always in the foreground of my thought process, so I feel like the links between my projects tend to be more theoretical than musical.
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The sources stressed current conversations were more theoretical in nature, but potential options for OppenheimerFunds include merging with another asset manager or a partial or full sale of the New York-based company.
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" Global Tree's director, Subhakar Alapati, also acknowledged that the program had glitches, saying in a telephone interview, "A problem with the students has arisen because the education system in India is more theoretical than practical.
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The question that both Koch and Buchanan faced was this: Would Buchanan just become one more theoretical economist, or would he use his academic credibility to change public policy directly in the direction Koch favored?
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Ultimately, testing out those theories will require a lot more data from otherworldly neutrino detectors like IceCube, as well as more theoretical work establishing the potential parameters and properties of exotic physics Beyond the Standard Model.
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Still, Gingrich characterized his suggestion as more theoretical than practical, and he acknowledged the seriousness of ethics issues for Trump, who campaigned on a promise to "drain the swamp" in Washington and rid the government of corruption.
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Rosenberg, a professor of 18th-century literature and queer theory at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, is also very funny, a virtue that may persuade readers to persevere through some of the novel's more theoretical sections.
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On the more theoretical side of things, a team at the University of Geneva has created a mechanism that could lead to brain-computer interfaces that not only let people control cursors or limbs, but let those objects send feedback to the brain.
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To this end, DelGaudio devises performances that combine sleight-of-hand with more theoretical preoccupations drawn from performance art, conceptual art and what's known as relational aesthetics: a tributary of the first two in which spectators become indispensable, unpredictable participants in creating an artwork's meaning.
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Writing about this controversy in November, Ezra Klein concluded that the ISDS threat was more theoretical than practical: After reading a lot about ISDS provisions and hearing from both their supporters and detractors, I don't think ISDS is likely to matter much from the American point of view.
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For now, he said, he has been focused on creating a profile of the kind of coach U.S. Soccer should seek, as well as on more existential questions of style — not tactics and formations, he stressed, but more theoretical ideas of just what an American team should look like.
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In the latter, Piper uses more theoretical language (including text pulled from Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, which she'd begun studying in 1971), undercutting the assumptions that a largely white and affluent art-viewing public might make about the intelligence of a young, hip-looking man of color with an Afro.
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Similarly, George W. Bush became president in 2000 despite losing the popular vote to Democratic opponent Al GoreAlbert (Al) Arnold GoreGinsburg calls proposal to eliminate Electoral College 'more theoretical than real' Difference between primaries and caucuses matters in this election Emma Thompson pens op-ed on climate change: 'Everything depends on what we do now' MORE.
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Vice presidents who run for the party's presidential nomination usually get it (Richard Nixon, Hubert Humphrey, Walter Mondale, George H.W. Bush, Al GoreAlbert (Al) Arnold GoreGinsburg calls proposal to eliminate Electoral College 'more theoretical than real' Difference between primaries and caucuses matters in this election Emma Thompson pens op-ed on climate change: 'Everything depends on what we do now' MORE).
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Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader GinsburgRuth Bader GinsburgNo, Justice Ginsburg, we don't need a constitutional amendment to protect equal rights for women New two-story mural of Ruth Bader Ginsburg unveiled in DC Supreme Court comes to Trump's aid on immigration MORE on Monday called eliminating the Electoral College more "theoretical than real" due to the difficulty of amending the Constitution.
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Though Molly's desire to do some catch-up partying is a more theoretical and less urgent driver than the libidinous motivations of Superbad, it comes from the very contemporary realization that there are other ways of being smart, successful, and even nerdy than just fighting for straight As. The anger and defensiveness this knowledge initially brings out of Molly isn't explicitly tied to longtime gamers or Star Wars fans bristling at the mainstreaming of "their" culture.
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This BA and MA program has a more theoretical focus compared to the more vocational Bachelor in Social Education.
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Therefore, this measure is of more theoretical than practical value and is not, by itself, a useful figure of merit relating to an antenna's directivity.
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Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica (IEAS; ) is an economic research organizations in Taiwan. Early in its history, it focused on local issues, and later, expanded to explore more theoretical issues.
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128 but the 9th SI Brochure makes no mention of CGS systems. Natural units may be used in more theoretical and abstract fields of physics, particularly particle physics and string theory.
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By the late 1950s, physicists had not resolved these issues and were still unable to create a comprehensive theory for particle physics, because all attempts to solve this problem just created more theoretical problems.
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Whereas the Compedion is a more theoretical work, the Cisterna is very practically oriented to trade and gives many concrete examples that, today, represent for us an illustration of current life and trade relationships of his time.
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A third team involved in the more theoretical work on works with UNESCO, ministries of culture around the world, as well as local, national, and international governments to recommend and develop policy concepts and language on cultural sustainability.
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As well, Karen Hough (2008)Hough, K. (2008). The Expression and Perception of Space in Wayana (MPhil Thesis). Leiden: Sidestone Press. published an MPhil thesis in ethnolinguistics on spatial perception in Wayana, taking up Tavares' urge for more theoretical elaboration of Wayana grammar.
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There are a maximum of two locations to check by h_1(x) and h_2(x). If found, the appropriate lookup or delete operation can be performed in O(1) time. More theoretical analysis of cuckoo filters can be found in the literature.
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Löve also wrote papers about plant evolution from a more theoretical angle, e.g. the still cited The biological species concept and its evolutionary structure. He wrote some floras on Icelandic plants, including Íslenzk Ferðaflóra (1970, 2nd. ed. 1975), illustrated by Dagny Tande Lid.
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His political interests appeared to become more theoretical in nature. In January 1996 the Demos 'think tank' published a paper written by him on reform of the income tax system. Demos was generally considered to be closely associated with New Labour.Forman research paper, demos.co.
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From 1966 onward, it began to offer a more theoretical course of studies in economics. In 1975, it was renamed to Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien. At the same time, the number of students began to increase dramatically. In 1983, it moved to a campus in Vienna's 9th District.
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In more theoretical terms, it challenges the "natural" presence of a speaker behind the text; and emphasizes the disjunction and the materiality of the signifier.Saroj Koirala (2016), "Linking Words with the World: The Language Poetry Mission", Tribhuvan University Journal, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 175-190; here: p. 179. .
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That paper addressed very modern artists and tendencies like punk, new wave and the German new wave. Most of its editorial team was hired to work for Spex, like Diedrich Diederichsen (forthcoming editor) or Olaf Dante Marx. The articles took a new turn, more theoretical and more literary.
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Eli Heckscher, Mercantilism (1931, English tr. 1935), > vol II, p. 202. Multiplier doctrines had subsequently been expressed in more theoretical terms by the Dane Julius Wulff (1896), the Australian Alfred de Lissa (late 1890s), the German/American Nicholas Johannsen (same period), and the Dane Fr. Johannsen (1925/1927).Dimand, op. cit.
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Two years later Kratzenstein wrote the more theoretical work Theoria electricitatis mores geometrica explicata on the nature of electricity.C.G. Kratzenstein, Theoria electricitatis mores geometrica explicata, Halle (1746). Google Book. Around this time he made measurements to find out how the electric force between two charged objects varied with their separation.
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Ginsburg's early work concentrated on automata theory. In 1958, he proved that "don't-care" circuit minimization does not necessarily yield a minimal result. His work in automata theory led the switching theory community into a more theoretical direction. This work culminated in the publication of a book on the mathematics of machines in 1962.
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Burt, p. 25 They copied the main armament layout of Inflexible with their turrets arranged en echelon so that both turrets could fire directly ahead and to each side, although this was more theoretical than practical due to damage from muzzle blast. Each turret mounted a pair of rifled muzzle- loading RML guns.Gardiner, pp.
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An alternate approach to selecting a route and wavelength separately is to consider them jointly. These approaches tend to more theoretical and not very practical. As this is a NP-complete problem, any exact solution is likely not be possible. The approximation techniques usually aren't very useful either, as they will require centralized control and, usually, predefined traffic demands.
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At the University of Newark, courses were mainly taught by Columbia graduate students, who brought more theoretical experiences to the classroom. This theoretical approach guided Garfinkel later on in his theories he formed. In the summer following graduation, Garfinkel volunteered at a Quaker work camp in Cornelia, Georgia. This was an eye-opening experience for Garfinkel.
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These are monthly discussion groups for lesbian, bisexual and transgender women with the primary aim of breaking closet doors, reducing social isolation, and helping to develop self-acceptance and to build a community. Topics range from literary nights to practical questions such as love, dating, relationship issues to more theoretical ones like the representation of women in society.
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Some universities use the Ph.D. as their doctoral degree in public administration (e.g., Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and the University Of Kerala in India). The Ph.D. is typically sought by individuals aiming to become professors of public administration or researchers. Individuals pursuing a Ph.D. in public administration often pursue more theoretical dissertation topics than their DPA counterparts.
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The Nirvana Sutra is among the most important sources and influences on Shinran's magnum opus, Kyogyoshinsho, which is the foundational text of the Japanese Jōdo Shinshū Pure Land School. Shinran relies on crucial passages from the Nirvana Sutra for the more theoretical elaboration of the meaning of shinjin. The Nirvana Sutra and the Pure Land Sutras are quoted extensively in the Kyogyoshinsho.
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The program involves a thorough knowledge of plants, the science of architecture, optics, and project management. This lead in 1945 to a course on "the landscape and art of gardens". In 1961, the ENH awarded a diploma of horticultural engineer and became a National College recruiting students who had already completed their higher education and were seeing more theoretical and modern research.
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Drawing on his travels, he wrote the second volume of Modern Painters (published April 1846). The volume concentrated on Renaissance and pre-Renaissance artists rather than on Turner. It was a more theoretical work than its predecessor. Ruskin explicitly linked the aesthetic and the divine, arguing that truth, beauty and religion are inextricably bound together: "the Beautiful as a gift of God".
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Wren Library, Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1795 Lax was appointed Lowndean Professor of Astronomy and Geometry in succession to John Smith. The position was a sinecure with an annual salary initially of around £300, later rising to around £500 per annum by 1821. Cambridge had two astronomical chairs, and the Lowndean was seen as the more theoretical and less experimental of the two.
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Davis's explorations in the Arctic were published by Richard Hakluyt and appeared on his world map. Davis himself published a valuable treatise on practical navigation called The Seaman's Secrets in 1594 and a more theoretical work called The World's Hydrographical Description in 1595. The account of Davis's last voyage was written by Michelborne on his return to England in 1606.
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Kuwait Technical College or K-TECH started operating in 2014 to provide opportunities for students who are more orientated toward practical education rather than the more theoretical approach. It is licensed by Kuwait's General Secretariat of Private Universities Council, and offers recognised 2 year Diploma and associate degree programs in addition to internationally accredited certificates in Microsoft, CISCO, and CompTIA.
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Staff with a jobs of control or highly skilled worker and can attest a level of training equivalent to that of the brevet professionel (BP), the brevet de technicien (BT), a Baccalauréat professionel or a Baccalauréat technologique. A degree of level IV requires more theoretical knowledge than the previous level. This activity involves chiefly technical work which can be performed independently and/or entail executive coaching (control).
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The eluent from one column is transferred to another; the more columns that are used, the more theoretical plates can be achieved. DCCC enjoyed some success with natural product separations but was largely eclipsed by the rapid development of high-speed countercurrent chromatography. The main limitation of DCCC is that flow rates are low, and poor mixing is achieved for most binary solvent systems.
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The League publishes a quarterly English language journal entitled Fifth International. The majority of writers for this appear to be from the British group, although other sections publish journals in their own languages. Revolutionärer Marxismus is the German language journal. The League previously published the journal "Permanent Revolution", a more theoretical journal which looked at tactics that communist organisations use, theories of imperialism, and similar questions.
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She also managed Ullevål's nursing education and all office work regarding female staff at the hospital. From 1915 Ullevål became a national centre of nursing education, with more theoretical testing, systematic practical training and examination. In 1919 her position was upgraded to that of manager, still overseeing the nursing education and all female staff at Ullevål. She held this position until she retired in 1935.
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In experimentally concocted microscopic environments, a diverse culture of bacteria was unable to out-produce a homogeneous culture of an 'efficient' control strain. However, the statistical validity and setup of these experiments have been questioned, and require further investigation to carry substantial merit. In general, the current consensus that diversity is beneficial to ecosystem health has much more theoretical and empirical support and is more widely applicable.
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In contrast to the Anglo-Saxon model with common lower and higher academic degree for all subjects (Bachelor degree and Master's degree, respectively), in the German model the degrees are Diplom for the more practical subjects such as i.e. engineering, but also economics and business and (in Germany and Austria) the Magister Artium for the more theoretical subjects, such as social sciences or humanities.
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Lynd returned to Muncie, Indiana, during the summer of 1935 to make additional observations of the city and to update earlier research. After returning to New York, Robert and Helen Lynd coauthored Middletown in Transition (1937). The sequel to their earlier work was more theoretical and not as popular among readers as Middletown. The sequel concluded that the community's values and attitudes had not changed much since their earlier research.
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The Dixit-Stiglitz model states that variety preference is already inherent within the assumption of monotonic preferences as a consumer with such preferences prefers to have an average of any two bundles of goods as opposed to extremes. The model is standard in many undergraduate Industrial organization courses and provides a benchmark for analysing consumer preferences but due to the number of assumptions the model has more theoretical implications than practical.
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In response to the suspension, Saunders-Roe chose to undertake a lengthy series of company-funded tests, which involved the use of a specially-built rig as well as more theoretical work being performed, for the purpose of identifying both the causes of and solutions to the resonance issue.London 1988, pp. 239–242. 1962 Saunders-Roe Skeeter AOP12. Kept in non- flying condition at the Army Flying Museum in Hampshire, England.
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The formation of the civil engineer has a strong mathematical and scientific base and is more theoretical in approach than the practical oriented industrial engineer (Ing.) educated in a five-year program at a polytechnic. Traditionally, students were required to pass an entrance exam on mathematics to start civil engineering studies. This exam was abolished in 2004 for the Flemish Community, but is still organised in the French Community.
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The media organ of this organisation was Jiyū Rengō, which was published from June 1926. Kokuren and Zenkoku Jiren often collaborated in activism, such as a joint campaign against the execution of Sacco and Vanzetti, two Italian anarchists in the United States. Nevertheless, the two differed, with Kokuren being more theoretical in nature and thus more unwilling to compromise. This theoretical nature was emphasised by Hatta Shūzō's influence in the organisation.
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High concentration of surfactants (surface- active substances) produced by phytoplanktons can result higher Marangoni stress in converging regions in LC. Numerical simulation suggest that such Marangoni stress due to surfactant can increase the size of vortical structures, vertical velocity and remixing of water and biological/chemical components in the local region compared to that without surfactant. Finally, more theoretical and experimental investigations are needed to confirm the significance of LC.
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"A Touchstone for the Libertarian Program", the third essay, encourages libertarians to dilute their prejudices against jailable offenses. Goodman praises "acts of liberty [as] our strongest propaganda", likely referring to marginalized personal behavior, in particular. The fourth essay, "Natural Violence", blames the "sterilization" (or denial) of natural experiences—such as birth, death, and sex—for aggressive deviance, such as war ("war is unnatural violence"). The May Pamphlet last two essays are more theoretical.
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He also explains that chemistry was difficult to him because it seemed to require memorization to learn it, and that he preferred more logical character in chemistry. He followed the advice a mentor that was well respected by Kenichi himself and never looked back. He also followed in those footsteps by attending Kyoto University in Japan. During that same interview Kenichi also discussed his reason for preferring more theoretical chemistry rather than experimental chemistry.
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In November 1899, the prominent American anarchist Emma Goldman visited London and Rocker met her for the first time. After hearing of the Arbeter Fraints situation she held three lectures to raise funds, but that was not enough. Peter Kropotkin Not wanting to be left without any means of propaganda, Rocker founded the Germinal in March 1900. Compared to Arbeter Fraint, it was more theoretical, applying anarchist thought to the analysis of literature and philosophy.
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Another term connected with Znaniecki's theories is "systematic sociology" ("socjologia systematyczna"). He sought to create a grand sociological theory, one that would bridge the gap between empirical sociology and more theoretical approaches. Znaniecki criticized the widespread definition of sociology as the study of society. In Znaniecki's culturalist perspective, sociology is a study of culture (though it is not the study of culture, as Znaniecki recognized that other social sciences also study culture).
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The certificate awarded after successfully completing a 3 or 4-year apprenticeship is called "Certificat Fédérale de Capacité" () in French, "Eidgenössisches Fähigkeitszeugnis" () in German and "Attestato federale di capacità" (AFC) in Italian. It could be translated as "Federal Certificate of Proficiency". Some crafts, such as electrician, are educated in lengths of 3 and 4 years. In this case, an Electrician with 4 years apprenticeship gets more theoretical background than one with 3 years apprenticeship.
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Fractional Distillation. fandm.edu In reality, each cycle at a given temperature does not occur at exactly the same position in the fractionating column; theoretical plate is thus a concept rather than an accurate description. More theoretical plates lead to better separations. A spinning band distillation system uses a spinning band of Teflon or metal to force the rising vapors into close contact with the descending condensate, increasing the number of theoretical plates.
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The CIA charter for "Support of Military Operations", however, is intended to avoid conflict. The reference cited preceded the formation of the NCS. Since USSOCOM and NCS often exchange personnel, especially in paramilitary operations, the conflict may be more theoretical than practical. There is the potential for conflict between the NCS, DCS, and USSOCOM, especially the Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC), as well as an organization, originally called the Intelligence Support Activity (ISA).
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Every year, the IS organises its own 'Marxism school', which is open to anybody interested, in which the more theoretical issues of socialism and activism are discussed. It also holds regular discussion meetings and is often present at political meetings organised by other groups, either invited or uninvited. Internationally, the IS has taken part in the first two European Social Forums held in Florence and Paris, and is often active in international protests.
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Measurements designed to measure the speed of the Earth through the aether conflicted with this notion, though.Experiments like the Michelson–Morley experiment in 1887 showed that the "aether" moved at the same speed as Earth. While other experiments, such as measurements of the aberration of light from the stars, showed that the ether is moving relative to the Earth. A more theoretical approach was suggested by Hendrik Lorentz along with George FitzGerald and Joseph Larmor.
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B.A.), and Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) degrees. In theory, the two degrees are expected to constitute overlapping but distinct categories, where the D.C.J. is a degree that prepares criminal justice practitioners who can solve problems using existing knowledge, and the PhD is the more theoretical of the two as a traditional social science research degree that prepares students for careers as scholars and academics, often from a particular disciplinary perspective. Comparison to D.Crim.
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This will most usually mean termination with the system nominal impedance which, in turn, is usually chosen to equal the nominal characteristic impedance of the system transmission lines. This is the impedance the circuit is expected to be connected to in operation and impedance matching is of some importance in telecommunications. In some design contexts a more theoretical impedance is considered such as image impedance. A symmetric network will have two equal input impedances, Zi1 and Zi2.
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Müller is also indebted to Erwin Hahs for training his formal means of expression in terms of a constructive composition encompassing abstract art. At the same time, he preferred Charles Crodel's practical approach to Erwin Hahs’ more theoretical teaching methods. With his practical approach, Crodel would encouraged his students to develop their own individual style while observing them at work. Loosely composed, often highly colourful and reminiscent of impressionism, Crodel's paintings provided Müller with fresh artistic impetus.
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Then a field refers to a single storage location in a specific record (like a cell) to store one value (the field value). The terms record and field come from the more practical field of database usage and traditional DBMS system usage (This was linked into business like terms used in manual databases e.g. filing cabinet storage with records for each customer). The terms row and column come from the more theoretical study of relational theory.
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Social embodiment calls for a more rigid definition of what a hegemonically masculine man is and how the idea is actually carried out in real life. The pattern of embodiment involved in hegemony has been recognized in the earliest formulations of the concept but called for more theoretical attention. The importance of masculine embodiment for identity and behaviour emerges in many contexts. For example, in youth, skill in physical activity becomes a prime indicator of masculinity.
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Hahn 1956. Kuhnau authored at least two more theoretical works, but those are only known by name: Tractatus de tetrachordo seu musica antiqua ac hodierna and De triade harmonica. His views on musical modes, solmization, and other matters are preserved in a letter dated 8 December 1717, published by Mattheson in Critica musica in 1725. In addition, the "Biblical Sonatas" include a large preface in which Kuhnau explores the idea of program music and various related matters.
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During the 1940s Bernard completed his Ph.D. at Columbia University under the supervision of Herbert Schneider. It describes his experiences as a scholar-practitioner with asanas and the reason he was "prescribed" them, purifications (shatkarmas), pranayama, and mudras, and gives a more theoretical account of samadhi. He had learnt these around 1932-1933, while studying at the University of Arizona. He published his dissertation in 1943 as the book Hatha Yoga: The Report of A Personal Experience.
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Funded initially by the Massachusetts Art Council, The CAT Fund was designed to play an active role in the development of artists' TV internationally. Experimental TV Center: The Contemporary Art Television Fund Compared to Southern California, the east coast seemed to Huffman more theoretical and political. The ICA Boston (directed by David Ross) was a very studious environment. Beside this stronger intellectual inspiration, Huffman had the opportunity to be more involved with artists working with digital processes.
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Hicks, The Populist Revolt, pg. 108. Owing to the lack of dues of the national group in this period, such a relationship was more theoretical than practical. The adoption of a dues system in the middle part of the decade forced the Texas group to closely consider its organizational affiliation. Charles W. Macune, the son of a Methodist preacher, emerged as the leader of this Texas organization when he was elected Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Texas organization in 1886.
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In natural deduction, judgments have the shape :A_1, A_2, \ldots, A_n \vdash B where the A_i's and B are again formulae and n\geq 0. Permutations of the A_i's are immaterial. In other words, a judgment consists of a list (possibly empty) of formulae on the left-hand side of a turnstile symbol "\vdash", with a single formula on the right-hand side., compares natural deduction systems, denoted LA, and Gentzen systems, denoted LC. Curry's emphasis is more theoretical than practical.
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Leppäniemi, Matti, "Mobile marketing communications in consumer markets", Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Department of Marketing, University of Oulu, 2008, p. 21. In a more theoretical manner, academic Andreas Kaplan defines mobile marketing as "any marketing activity conducted through a ubiquitous network to which consumers are constantly connected using a personal mobile device".Andreas Kaplan (2012) If you love something, let it go mobile: Mobile marketing and mobile social media 4x4 Found, Business Horizons, 55(2), 129-139 p. 130.
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Information engineering is the engineering discipline that deals with the generation, distribution, analysis, and use of information, data, and knowledge in systems. The field first became identifiable in the early 21st century. Object detection for a stop sign. The components of information engineering include more theoretical fields such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, control theory, signal processing, and information theory, and more applied fields such as computer vision, natural language processing, bioinformatics, medical image computing, cheminformatics, autonomous robotics, mobile robotics, and telecommunications.
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35 (1800), p.22. Amos's second book, Minutes in Agriculture, appeared in August 1804 (with a reissue in June 1810). His stated intention was to settle the issue of which varieties of grass were most suitable for graziers to use, and his book contained advice on this accompanied by illustrations and dried grass specimens. The more theoretical botanical sections of the work were derivative and on publication attracted largely hostile comment (though later commentators recognised the usefulness of the practical recommendations).
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Cawthra's drama facilities include three studios, as well as a large, professional auditorium that seats 667. Approximately sixty drama students are accepted per year, giving each year two classes with around thirty students each. Course contents range from practical scene studies and stage combat to more theoretical concepts including a unit on 'great acting teachers' and theatre's roots in Ancient Greece. This program also introduces its students to many new aspects of theatre including theatre production, musical theatre, and set and costume design.
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This being the case, "the rationale underlying those cases has no direct application to the present appeal".Yong Vui Kong (substantive appeal), p. 514, para. 48. It relied on the judgment of Lord Diplock in Ong Ah Chuan which stated that while it was possible for the offence of murder to be committed in the heat of the moment, it was "more theoretical than real in the case of large scale trafficking in drugs, a crime [for] which the motive is cold calculated greed".
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Berque has developed an extensive array of concepts in order to grasp the complex nature of relations between natural and physical objects and the way we conceive of nature. He insists on intermediation, introducing a new concept (Médiance in French). His more theoretical work relies on the concept of oecumene, which he uses after Plato and quite distinctly from the sense proposed by Derrida. He has also worked on landscapes by comparing the different visions of the world that are mirrored by a specific landscape.
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Subsequently, the NFA can be made deterministic by the powerset construction and then be minimized to get an optimal automaton corresponding to the given regular expression. The latter format is best suited for execution on a computer. From another, more theoretical point of view, Glushkov's algorithm is a part of the proof that NFA and regular expressions both accept exactly the same languages; that is, the regular languages. The converse of Glushkov's algorithm is Kleene's algorithm, which transforms a finite automaton into a regular expression.
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C.S. Peirce describes a form of inference called 'abduction' or 'inference to the best explanation'. This form of inference appeals to explanatory considerations to justify belief. One infers, for example, that two students copied answers from a third because this is the best explanation of the available data—they each make the same mistakes and the two sat in view of the third. Alternatively, in a more theoretical context, one infers that there are very small unobservable particles because this is the best explanation of Brownian motion.
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Cropsey was a student of Leo Strauss, who inspired him to move from his original academic field, economic thought, to a much more theoretical approach to political thought. Since then, Cropsey had focused on Plato and the "esoteric", interstitial philosophical aspects of the theories developed by such thinkers as Adam Smith and Karl Marx. His son Seth Cropsey, a graduate of St. John's College, is an American neoconservative analyst for the Hudson Institute, where he is the Director for the Center for American Seapower.
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The Flag waved at the Assembly of Vlorë. Under these circumstances, delegates from all over Albania were gathered in the Assembly of Vlorë (). Ismail Qemali returned to Albania with Austro-Hungarian support and, at the head of a swiftly convened national assembly, declared Albanian independence in the town of Vlora on 28 November 1912. The declaration was more theoretical than practical because Vlora was the only town in the whole country under the delegates’ control―yet it proved to be effective in the vacuum of power.
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The Discoverers is a non-fiction historical work by Daniel Boorstin, published in 1983, and is the first in the Knowledge Trilogy, which also includes The Creators and The Seekers. The book, subtitled A History of Man's Search to Know His World and Himself, is a history of human discovery. Discovery in many forms is described: exploration, science, medicine, mathematics, and more- theoretical ones, such as time, evolution, plate tectonics, and relativity. Boorstin praises the inventive, human mind and its eternal quest to discover the universe and humanity's place in it.
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Then, communication difficulties across borders were enhanced by the lack of publication means that could promote discussions between archaeologists and prehistorians, and with biologists, geologists, geophysicists, chemists. Paléorient has filled in this gap and continues to overcome these difficulties. For twenty years, researchers from around the world (Europe, Arab countries, Israel, US, central Asia, Australia, Japan) have been consistently publishing the results of their work as well as more theoretical synthetic papers on the most ancient past of this region. Paléorient has thus become a media in which various intellectual traditions and scientific trends meet.
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Over the last few decades, several theorists have attempted to explain social norms from a more theoretical point of view. By quantifying behavioral expectations graphically or attempting to plot the logic behind adherence, theorists hoped to be able to predict whether or not individuals would conform. The return potential model and game theory provide a slightly more economic conceptualization of norms, suggesting individuals can calculate the cost or benefit behind possible behavioral outcomes. Under these theoretical frameworks, choosing to obey or violate norms becomes a more deliberate, quantifiable decision.
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However, this remained theoretical only - the lesser state of engineering in the lifetime of these two mathematicians proved insufficient to construct the Analytical Engine. The first modern theory of software was proposed by Alan Turing in his 1935 essay Computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem (decision problem). This eventually led to the creation of the twin academic fields of computer science and software engineering, which both study software and its creation. Computer science is more theoretical (Turing's essay is an example of computer science), whereas software engineering is focused on more practical concerns.
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Following the October 1917 Revolution, the magazine created a citywide awareness of the revolution. This was followed by the "First All-Russian Congress of Women Workers" in 1918 after which the tsarist government closed the magazine, and all members of the editorial board were jailed. Its publication was resumed in Moscow in January 1923. Ulyanova worked for the magazine at that time, but did not follow the instructions of her brother, Lenin, who by now was abroad, and she resisted efforts by Armand to make the magazine more theoretical.
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This then helps them to develop and relate to more theoretical properties which lead to enhancing the emerging theory. When the researcher minimises differences among groups, s/he is able to establish a definite set of conditions under which a category exists. Whereas on maximising, s/he is able to gather a variety of data with strategic similarities among the groups. Generally in theoretical sampling, the researcher aims at maximising differences as this brings about greater coverage in the variation among different aspects, making the theory more elaborate.
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Many local historians are non-specialists whose enthusiasm for history and have applied this to their area.Michael Williams, Researching local history: the human journey (Routledge, 2014). Most local history researchers follow a process in which they start from the basic facts offered by the available evidence, make a more detailed analysis of that evidence to explore its implications, and then put that analysis in its wider temporal and geographical context. Some take a more theoretical approach: starting from a hypothesis, which they seek to demonstrate or disprove through evidence.
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The scholars most immediately associated with grammatology, understood as the history and theory of writing, include Eric Havelock (The Muse Learns to Write), Walter J. Ong (Orality and Literacy), Jack Goody (Domestication of the Savage Mind), not to mention Marshall McLuhan (The Gutenberg Galaxy). Grammatology brings to any topic a consideration of the contribution of technology and the material and social apparatus of language. A more theoretical treatment of the approach may be seen in the works of Friedrich Kittler (Discourse Networks: 1800/1900) and Avital Ronell (The Telephone Book).
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Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics: Philosophy of Medical Research and Practice is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering bioethics and the philosophy of medicine with a more theoretical outlook than other journals in this area. It was established in 1980 as Metamedicine and was renamed Theoretical Medicine in 1983, obtaining its current name in 1998. It is published by Springer Nature and offered at a reduced rate to members of the American Society for Bioethics and Humanities. The editors-in-chief are Lynn Jansen (Oregon Health & Science University) and Daniel Sulmasy (Georgetown University).
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In Lavigne, the Court found that the right not to be associated extended only to where the association supported causes that went beyond what is necessary for employee representation. More generally, the Supreme Court had stated that the right is violated only when the mandatory association imposes "ideological conformity".R v Advance Cutting & Coring Ltd, 2001 SCC 70 [Advance Cutting & Coring]. Such violations have also mostly been found by the Supreme Court to be justified under section 1, resulting in a right not to associate that has more theoretical than practical effects.
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The source of many popular stories of Krishna's pastimes for centuries in the Indian subcontinent, the Bhagavata Purana is widely recognized as the best- known and most influential of the Puranas, and as a part of Vedic literature (the Puranas, Itihasa epics, and Upanishads) is referred to as the "Fifth Veda". It is important in Indian religious literature for its emphasis on the practice of devotion compared to the more theoretical approach of the Bhagavad Gita, for challenging the ritualism of the Vedas, and for its extended description of a God in human form.
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" In the Village Voice, J. Hoberman said it was "dramatically inert, but a minor techno-miracle" and that it "skews more theoretical than sensationalist ... Bush is presented as a martyr." James Berardinelli commented that "If this was a serious examination of the possible long-term ramifications of George Bush's current foreign policy, or if it had anything interesting to say about Bush's legacy, it might be justifiable. But that's not the case. The decision to use Bush rather than a fictional representation of him is for no reason other than self-promotion.
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Using a more theoretical definition, unstart is the supersonic choking phenomenon that occurs in ducts with an upstream mass flow greater than the downstream mass flow. Unsteady flow results as the mismatch in massflow can not gradually propagate upstream in contrast to subsonic flow. Instead, in supersonic flow, the mismatch is carried forward behind a 'normal' or terminal shock wave that abruptly causes the gas flow to become subsonic. The resulting normal shock wave then propagates upstream at an effective acoustic velocity until the flow mismatch reaches equilibrium.
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The runoff step was introduced in order to correct for strategic distortion in ordinary score voting, such as Bullet voting and tactical maximization. Score voting in which only two different votes may be submitted (0 and 1, for example) is equivalent to approval voting. As with approval voting, score voters must weigh the adverse impact on their favorite candidate of ranking other candidates highly. The term "range voting" is used to describe a more theoretical system in which voters can express any real number within the range [0, 1].
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After publishing The Decline of Imperial Russia, 1855–1914 in 1952, Seton-Watson published his most famous work, The Russian Empire, 1801–1917 in 1967. This became the standard history of late imperial Russia for a generation. Seton-Watson's Nations and States: an Enquiry into the Origins of Nations and the Politics of Nationalism (1977) made a fundamental contribution to the study of nationalism, though later overshadowed by the success of Benedict Anderson's more theoretical Imagined Communities. The New York Times Book Review called him "the outstanding authority on the satellite countries of Eastern Europe".
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Bundeswehr University Munich (, UniBw München) is one of only two research universities in Germany at federal level that both were founded in 1973 as part of the German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr). Originally called Hochschule der Bundeswehr München the institution was supposed to offer civilian academic education for military officers. As an unique feature amongst German universities Universität der Bundeswehr München unifies a more theoretical research university division and a more practical-oriented College of Applied Sciences branch. Today, the university has an increasing number of civilian and international students.
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CERGA included 28 researchers and as many engineers and technicians located on the Observatory sites of Nice, Grasse and Calern (Caussols). The scientific activities covered fields as diverse as fundamental astronomy, celestial mechanics, and space geodesy. CERGA was in charge of several observing facilities of the Lunar Laser Ranging experiment, for example, the lunar-laser ranging telescope and the two satellite laser stations. By nature the scientific activity involved the acquisition of data and their processing, a dedicated instrumental development and a close relationship with the more theoretical aspects in dynamics and observation modelling.
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From the 1980s to his death, Geertz wrote more theoretical and essayistic pieces, including book reviews for the New York Review of Books. As a result, most of his books of the period are collections of essays—books including Local Knowledge (1983), Available Light (2000), and Life Among The Anthros (2010), which was published posthumously. He would also produced a series of short essays on the stylistics of ethnography in Works and Lives (1988), while other works include the autobiographical After The Fact (1995). Geertz conducted extensive ethnographic research in Southeast Asia and North Africa.
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Emerich Francis (born Emerich Franzis: 27 June 1906 – 14 January 1994) was an Austrian-American sociologist. (He is also identified in some sources under the pseudonym that he sometimes used as "Junius".) His emigration from what had become, by 1939, part of Nazi Germany, appears to have been undertaken as a result of his (hitherto, to most people, unknown) Jewish provenance. During the 1930s his work had a German-nationalist focus, and dealt in particular with ethnic and religious minorities. After 1945 his contributions became more theoretical and less overtly political.
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Picture taken in 1900 of three high school graduates, Gunnar Nordström on the left. Nordström graduated high-school from Brobergska Skolan in central Helsinki 1899. At first he went on to study mechanical engineering, graduating in 1903 from the Polytechnic institute in Helsinki, later renamed Helsinki University of Technology and today a part of the Aalto University. During his studies he developed an interest for more theoretical subjects, proceeding after graduation to further study for a master's degree in natural science, mathematics and economy at the University of Helsinki (1903–1907).
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Their daughter Barbara studied medicine and received her doctorate, marrying in 1957. Although her husband, Ronald Julian Moss Baron (1926–2003), came from London, she and he also appear to have made their life together in Sweden. In 1975 Stefan Szende published a memoire entitled "Zwischen Gewalt und Toleranz" ("Between Violence and Tolerance"), recalling life experiences and also extending to more theoretical reflections on personal and political development. His unusually varied life story had left him as a committed European, keen to bridge differences between competing political blocks, but resolutely separated from the Soviet bloc.
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Returning to the Cape, he started farming in 1835 at the farm Rhenosterfontein near Swellendam. He was generally more theoretical than practical in his interests, but he was enormously influential in his writing of academic papers on farming as well as starting book clubs and agricultural societies. He also edited journals and gave lectures on agricultural topics, and remained the centre of organised Cape agriculture for most of the remainder of his life. When Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr (Onze Jan) founded Het Zuid-Afrikaansche Tijdschrift in 1878, Reitz was unsurprisingly invited to serve as co-editor.
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In January of 1986, Lewis took several of his fighters including Jeff Fenech to Parklea Prison to spar inmates in makeshift rings, the point of which was to demonstrate the outcomes of poor behaviour for his fighters and an appropriate outlet of aggression for the prisoners. Brian Moore started the Young Offenders Program in the Newtown Police Boys Club. Lewis would join this partnership by continuing to take boxers to prisons across New South Wales. As the program developed it became more theoretical, boxers would spar less and instead hand out Big League Magazines and videos of boxing matches.
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Ludwig with Eccles at the Kite-Flying Station in Glossop Work on the jet-powered propeller proved frustrating for Wittgenstein, who had very little experience working with machinery.Mays, p.137 Jim Bamber, a British engineer who was his friend and classmate at the time, reported that > "when things went wrong, which often occurred, he would throw his arms > around, stomp about, and swear volubly in German."Mays, p.138 According to William Eccles, another friend from that period, Wittgenstein then turned to more theoretical work, focusing on the design of the propeller — a problem that required relatively sophisticated mathematics.
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Opoyaz, the Moscow Linguistic Circle and the Prague Linguistic Circle the predecessors of TMS The group shared an interest in the Russian formalists and in contemporary linguistics, semiotics and cybernetics. During the 1970s prominent members of the group, such as Iu.M. Lotman and B.A. Uspenskii, turned from more theoretical and formalized work to historical studies of culture as a system of semiotic systems. Lotman: The alumni of Moscow University and Leningrad University formed the Soviet school of semiotics as a synthesis of these two traditions in the humanities. To them, a third tradition was added: the University of Tartu.
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A theoretical plate in many separation processes is a hypothetical zone or stage in which two phases, such as the liquid and vapor phases of a substance, establish an equilibrium with each other. Such equilibrium stages may also be referred to as an equilibrium stage, ideal stage, or a theoretical tray. The performance of many separation processes depends on having series of equilibrium stages and is enhanced by providing more such stages. In other words, having more theoretical plates increases the efficiency of the separation process be it either a distillation, absorption, chromatographic, adsorption or similar process.
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The concept of emerging adulthood has not been without its criticisms. Sociologists have pinpointed that it neglects class differences. While it might be true that middle class children in Western societies are spoiled for choice and can afford to postpone life decisions, there are other young people who have no choices at all, and stay in the parental home not because they want to, but because they cannot afford a life of their own: They experience a period of "arrested adulthood". A more theoretical criticism comes from developmental psychologists, who regard all stage theories as outdated.
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' In academic publications however, the classification of infants (if subgroups are denoted) is typically simply "B1" or "B2" although more theoretical and review-oriented papers surrounding attachment theory may use the above terminology. Securely attached children are best able to explore when they have the knowledge of a secure base to return to in times of need. When assistance is given, this bolsters the sense of security and also, assuming the parent's assistance is helpful, educates the child in how to cope with the same problem in the future. Therefore, secure attachment can be seen as the most adaptive attachment style.
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Nevertheless, the games analyzed in the text can be regarded as typical examples of the understanding of chess during the Enlightenment, and the group was much closer to Philidor than to the Italians Ercole del Rio, Lolli or Ponziani of the Modenese school. The Italians (in contrast to the French) advocated free piece play, gambit openings and tactical complications. Because of its practical orientation, the work was published at the end of the 18th century together with the more theoretical textbook of Philidor. During the Romantic era, the play of amateurs was considered slow and monotonous;Anton Schmid, Literatur des Schachspiels, Wien 1847.
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Goodrich (1938) p.738 In 1927, the Court appointed a committee to look at this issue, and it reported that "where there are in fact contending parties, the difference between contentious cases and advisory cases is only nominal... so the view that advisory opinions are not binding is more theoretical than real".Goodrich (1938) p.739 In practice, advisory opinions were usually followed, mostly due to the fear that if this "revolutionary" international court's decisions were not followed, it would undermine its authority.Goodrich (1938) p.740 The court retained the discretion to avoid giving an advisory opinion, which it used on occasion.
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He considered returning to his old job as a printer, but his skills had become obsolete in light of innovations in linotype machines. With Goldman's encouragement, Berkman began to write an account of his prison years, Prison Memoirs of an Anarchist, and she invited him to become the editor of her journal, Mother Earth.Avrich and Avrich, Sasha and Emma, pp. 191–192. He served as editor from 1907 to 1915, and took the journal in a more provocative and practical direction, in contrast to the more theoretical approach which had been favored by the previous editor, Max Baginski.
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In 1923, the publisher and scholar R. W. Chapman prepared a carefully edited collection of her works, which some have claimed is the first serious scholarly treatment given to any British novelist. By mid-century, Austen was widely accepted within academia as a great English novelist. The second half of the 20th century saw a proliferation of Austen scholarship, which explored numerous aspects of her works: artistic, ideological, and historical. With the growing professionalisation of university English departments in the second half of the 20th century, criticism of Austen became more theoretical and specialized, as did literary studies in general.
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This form of inference appeals to explanatory considerations to justify belief. One infers, for example, that two students copied answers from a third because this is the best explanation of the available data—they each make the same mistakes and the two sat in view of the third. Alternatively, in a more theoretical context, one infers that there are very small unobservable particles because this is the best explanation of Brownian motion. Let us call 'liberal inductivism' any view that accepts the legitimacy of a form of inference to the best explanation that is distinct from enumerative induction.
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Janák studied with Otto Wagner in Vienna between 1906 and 1908, and worked in Prague under Jan Kotěra. In 1911, with the publication of an article The Prism and The Pyramid advocating dynamic architectural compositions and destabilizing traditional right-angled buildings, Janák became the leading theoretician of Czech Cubism. Of the three Czech cubists—Janák, Josef Chochol and Josef Gočár—Janák built fewer buildings and produced more theoretical work, but his 1913 Fara House in Pelhřimov is a key work in that style. After 1918 Janák and Gočár developed Cubism into Czech Rondocubism, with decoration taken from folk and nationalist themes, and then subsequently into a purer functionalism.
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Born in Brooklyn NY, a fortuitous move at the age of five brought Conlan and his family to Los Angeles to set down new roots. At the age of eight, a tortuous, stilted regimen of piano lessons began, but by age eleven a new, younger teacher had opened Conlan's eyes to the more theoretical dimensions of music and the magic of chords. Conlan began to hone his craft as early as high school, writing music for various ensembles and choirs. But it was not until a friend introduced him to Earle Hagen's seminal book, Scoring for Film, that Conlan realized how he should apply his passion.
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Caesar, Gallic War, 6.34, for example, refers to the main group of these Germani, the Eburones as Gauls. The older concept of the Germani being local to the Rhine, and especially the west bank of the lower Rhine, remained common among Graeco- Roman writers for a longer time than the more theoretical and general concept of Caesar. Cassius Dio writing in Greek in the 3rd century, consistently called the right-bank Germani of Caesar, the Celts (Κελτοί) and their country Keltikḗ (Κελτική). Cassius contrasted them with the "Gauls" (Γαλάται) on the left bank of the Rhine, and described Caesar doing the same in a speech.
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The text of the letter and the possible consequences of sending it were widely discussed between those involved, along with other related issues. Klein and Braband were identified as the leading instigators of the letter. They were both arrested and held in investigatory detention for seven months, after which, in April 1980, both were found guilty of "unlawful association" ("ungesetzlicher Verbindungsaufnahme") and sentenced to prison terms of 15 and 9 months respectively. On her release Jutta Braband remained outside the political mainstream, and adhered to her "dissident" views, but while her political ideas continued to evolve, for most of the 1980s her dissent was more theoretical than activist.
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At the postgraduate level, generalist management and finance programs include quantitative topics which are foundational for the study in question - often exempting students with an appropriate background. These are usually "interest mathematics" and statistics, both at the above level. MBA programs often also include basic operations research (linear programming, as above) with the emphasis on practice, and may combine the topics as "quantitative analysis"; MSF programs may similarly cover applied econometrics. More technical Masters in these areas, such as those in management science and quantitative finance, will entail a deeper, more theoretical study of operations research and econometrics, and extend to further advanced topics such as mathematical optimization and stochastic calculus.
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They have arrived on a warship of enormous dimensions and, by threatening to destroy the whole city with their "250-lb swivel gun", compel Neverbend to release Crasweller and eventually to step down as President. Britannula is re-annexed by Great Britain, a Governor is installed, and John Neverbend is forced to return to England with them. During the passage Neverbend commits to paper the recent history of Britannula, finishing it only two days before his arrival in England. He plans to write another, more theoretical book on the "Fixed Period" and to preach to the English about this necessary step in the progress of mankind.
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Beginning in the 1950s and 1960s, some post-secondary institutions in the U.S.and Canada began offering degrees in engineering technology, focusing on applied study rather than the more theoretical engineering degrees. The focus on applied study addressed a need within the scientific, manufacturing and engineering communities, as well as other industries, for professionals with hands-on and applications-based engineering knowledge. Depending on the institution, associate's and/or bachelor's degrees are offered, with some institutions also offering advanced degrees in engineering technology. In general, an engineering technologist receives a broad range of applied science and applied mathematics training, as well as the fundamentals of engineering in the student's area of focus.
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The Margaret Thatcher era saw the think tank movement come of age and achieve influence and with the Centre for Policy Studies (CPS) and the Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA) and the ASI was one of three relied upon by the Thatcher government for policy. Unlike the CPS, which had been established by Thatcher and Keith Joseph; and the IEA, which focused on more theoretical matters, the ASI was well-placed to produce bold and direct policies. Despite this role, the Institute developed an iconoclastic reputation, cynical about politicians, but enthusiastic to engage with them. The Institute's relationship with Thatcher was not without troubles.
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Arthur John Brereton Marwick (29 February 1936 – 27 September 2006) was a British social historian, who served for many years as Professor of History at the Open University. His research interests lay primarily in the history of Britain in the twentieth century, and the relationship between war and social change. He is probably best known, however, for his more theoretical book The Nature of History (1970; revised editions 1981 and 1989), and its greatly reworked and expanded version The New Nature of History (2001). In the latter work he defended an empirical and source-based approach towards the writing of history, and argued against the turn towards postmodernism.
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Among his most recent activities has been working with Michel Brunet and colleagues on the description and analysis of the new hominin from Chad, Sahelanthropus tchadensis. He describes his long-term and continuing interests as including "the behavioral reconstruction and phylogenetic relationships of Miocene apes, which broadens to include more theoretical aspects of phylogenetics", and "the analysis of faunal change and its relationship to environmental change" particularly based on an extensive faunal record from the Neogene Siwalik Series of Pakistan. He also describes himself as having recently become interested in evolutionary developmental biology, and particularly in the development and evolution of the anthropoid axial skeleton.
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Particularly since the recovery of a great portion of Aristotelian writings in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, it became clear that, in addition to Aristotle's writings on logic, which had already been known, there were numerous others roughly having to do with natural philosophy, moral philosophy, and metaphysics. These areas provided the structure for the philosophy curriculum of the emerging universities. The general assumption was that the most 'scientific' branches of philosophy were those that were more theoretical and therefore more widely applicable. During the Renaissance too, many thinkers saw these as the main philosophical areas, with logic providing a training of the mind to approach the other three.
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However, in academic publications the classification of infants (if subgroups are denoted) is typically simply "B1" or "B2", although more theoretical and review-oriented papers surrounding attachment theory may use the above terminology. Secure attachment is the most common type of attachment relationship seen throughout societies. Securely attached children are best able to explore when they have the knowledge of a secure base (their caregiver) to return to in times of need. When assistance is given, this bolsters the sense of security and also, assuming the parent's assistance is helpful, educates the child in how to cope with the same problem in the future.
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Apart from his research on Austronesian languages, Grace also worked on more theoretical questions close to philosophy of language like the relationship between language and thought. In his book The Linguistic Construction of Reality, he discusses two opposed views of language that he claims are present in the linguistic research community of his time. What he means by "view" is a definition of language by linguists and also by society at large, what we think it is and how it works. He introduces his own terminology and calls them the Mapping-view and the Reality-construction-view of language, with him being a proponent of the latter.
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He was a professor in the Economics Department at the Colegio de México from 1989 to 2000. From 2000 to 2003, he was appointed as Secretary of Finance for the Mexico City government under then mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador. In 2003, Urzúa left government to found the Escuela de Graduados en Administración Pública y Política Pública, a public policy graduate school at the Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City campus, which he directed for ten years. Aside from his more theoretical work, Urzúa has written extensively on many aspects of the Mexican economy: fiscal policy, monetary policy, tax reform, poverty, economic competition, international trade, fiscal federalism, and economic history.
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Among the main ones is The Country and the City (1973), where chapters on literature alternate with chapters on social history. His tightly written Marxism and Literature (1977) is mainly for specialists, but also sets out his approach to cultural studies, which he called cultural materialism. The book was in part a response to structuralism in literary studies and pressure on Williams to make a more theoretical statement of his position, against criticisms that it was a humanist Marxism, based on unexamined assumptions about lived experience. He makes much use of the ideas of Antonio Gramsci, though the book is uniquely Williams's and written in his characteristic voice.
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J.H. Kwabena Nketia described Ballanta’s place in the history of African music: > Though Ballanta’s observations were not always accurate, his approach to > African music was more theoretical and systematic than that of most writers > of his time, for he believed his mission was to undertake "scientific > studies of the musical conceptions" of African peoples and "to compare them > with those of the West." His significance in the history of musical > scholarship in Africa therefore lies in (1) his emphasis on extensive > fieldwork; (2) his theoretical and descriptive approach to African music; > and (3) his regional and comparative approach to African music (now favored > by many African musicians).
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In 1943, when the VNV started its youth wing De Nationaal-Socialistische Jeugd in Vlaanderen ("National- Socialist Youth in Flanders"), DeVlag responded by setting up the Flemish wing of the Hitler Youth. DeVlag reached the peak of 50,000 members in 1943. In late 1944, the Nazi leadership answered the demands of DeVlag by annexing Flanders and Wallonia into the German Reich, but this was more theoretical than actual, as Belgium was soon liberated by the advancing Allied forces. Van de Wiele was, however, given the title "National Leader of the Flemish people" (Landsleider van het Vlaamsche volk) and DeVlag was deemed by the Germans as the sole party representing the Nazi unity in Flanders.
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In 2017 42% of foreign students came from Germany, 18% from Sweden, 9% from Finland and 8% from Norway. In the same year, 88% of foreign students studied in the Faculty of Medicine and 11% in the Faculty of Dentistry. The Riga Stradiņš University is ranked in the top 1000 universities in the world, and in the top 450 universities in Europe, as of 2019. The same applies to the teaching methods and technology solutions for students studying dentistry. The dental programme is implemented in the University’s pre-clinical learning centre, where dentistry students start practicing on pre-clinical dental equipment already in their 1st year, alongside more theoretical subjects like anatomy, biochemistry, biology and microbiology.
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Mill preferred to take a more theoretical approach to social subjects than the empirical one common at the time. His best known literary work is his History of British India, in which he describes the acquisition of the Indian Empire by England and later the United Kingdom. He also brings political theory to bear on the delineation of the Hindu civilization, and subjects the conduct of the actors in the successive stages of the conquest and administration of India to severe criticism. The work itself, and the author's official connection with India for the last seventeen years of his life, effected a complete change in the whole system of governance in the country.
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Polish sociologist and historian of ideas Jerzy Szacki writes that Znaniecki's major contributions include: the founding of sociology in Poland; his work in empirical sociology; and his work in sociological theory. Szacki notes that Znaniecki sought to bridge a number of gaps: between empirical sociology and more theoretical approaches; between objectivity and subjectivity; between humanistic and naturalistic methodologies and viewpoints; and between American and European intellectual traditions. Szacki writes that, while Znaniecki's theoretical contributions were subsequently pushed into the background by Talcott Parsons' "functionalism", Znaniecki offered the most ambitious sociological theory known to America before Parsons. Znaniecki's most famous work remains The Polish Peasant in Europe and America (1918–1920), co-authored with William I. Thomas.
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Today, writers like Gloria E. Anzaldúa have been able to contribute to the feminist canon, while still working with writing forms other than full-sized novels. In the 1980s, Hazel Carby, Barbara Christian, bell hooks, Nellie McKay, Valerie Smith, Hortense Spillers, Eleanor Traylor, Cheryl Wall and Sheryl Ann Williams all contributed heavily to the Black Feminist Scholarship of the period. During that same time, Deborah E. McDowell published New Directions for Black Feminist Criticism, which called for a more theoretical school of criticism versus the current writings, which she deemed overly practical. In this essay McDowell also extensively discussed black women's portrayal in literature, and how it came across as even more negative than white women's portrayal.
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When the Agricultural College of the State of Montana (now Montana State University) was established in 1893, the first college catalog announced a division of business that would include "book-keeping, commercial arithmetic, commercial correspondence, penmanship, commercial law, and business ethics, etc." The first class offered at the new college was a business course offered by Homer G. Phelps, who had been conducting business institutes in Bozeman and Livingston, Montana. Initially the business curriculum was supported by the college to ensure that women would enroll. Economics and agricultural economics would eventually provide a more theoretical approach to some of the business subjects, but in the beginning, typewriting, shorthand, business machine operation, and office management constituted the basic courses.
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Several of the empirical studies carried out to demonstrate the correlation between listening to music and the reduction in the human stress response have been criticized for relying too heavily on a small sample size. Another criticism of these studies is that they have been carried out in response to no stressor in particular. These critics claim that because no specific stressor is identified in many of these studies, it is somewhat difficult to identify whether the stress response was lessened by music or by some other means. A more theoretical critique of this coping strategy is that the use of music in stress coping is largely a short-term coping response and therefore lacks long-term sustainability.
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Following reunification Ulla Plener continued with her studies of the Social Democratic movement in Germany during the later 1940s, publishing biographical studies of the trades union leader Theodor Leipart and the postwar SPD and of the party leader Kurt Schumacher. Closely linked with these was her more theoretical research on the theory and practice of "economic democracy". Another of her research themes following reunification was the wartime French resistance, producing biographical studies of various German women active in the French resistance and a full biography of one of these: her own mother, Marie-Luise Plener-Huber. Something that would have been impossible before 1989 was Plener's contribution on the Stalin years in Moscow.
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Today, the railway and workforce generally have a greatly expanded, professionalized white-collar component, and the average railway employee's work is becoming less hands-on and more theoretical. However, owing to the retention of a colonial network, complex timetable and operational environment, real automation of the Sydney rail network and elimination of the traditional signalman role remains impracticable at this juncture. The deregulation and liberalization of the Sydney rail network, which began in the mid 1990s, remains in its preliminary stages. Should the virtual monopoly which CityRail has for passenger services over most of the network be dissolved, the traditional train control system, which evolved under the vertically integrated British railways of the early twentieth century, would probably be dissolved with it.
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MacCabe's name was at that time strongly associated with the (at times controversial) importation of various structuralist and post-structuralist ideas into the study of English Literature, and - while largely sticking to its original ethos - the journal moved in more theoretical directions at the same time as expanding into adjacent disciplines, notably film studies, cultural studies, and history, alongside its more traditional focus on literary criticism. Its website now claims that the journal "addresses the whole range of cultural forms so that discussions of, for example, cinema and television can appear alongside analyses of the accepted literary canon." Under MacCabe's editorship, Critical Quarterly has published the work of Fredric Jameson, Slavoj Zizek, Jacqueline Rose, and Paul Gilroy, among many other prominent scholars.
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In Hong Kong law can be studied as a four-year undergraduate degree Bachelor of Laws (LLB), a two-year postgraduate degree (Juris Doctor), or the Common Professional Examination conversion course for non-law graduates. One must then pass the one-year Postgraduate Certificate in Laws (PCLL) currently offered at the University of Hong Kong (HKU), Chinese University of Hong Kong and City University of Hong Kong, before starting vocational training: a year's pupillage for barristers or a two-year training contract for solicitors. The move to a four-year LLB was recent and, in the case of HKU, was aimed at shifting some of the more theoretical aspects of the HKU PCLL into the LLB, leaving more room for practical instruction.
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In the view of Justice Harlan, the question of whether the scienter is a necessary requirement to have criminal liability should be considered differently depending on whether the statute in question in at the Federal or State level. He was unconvinced by the court’s reasoning and believed that the ordinance was struck down based on generalities. The popular opinion of the court deemed that the ordinance should be removed because, without proof of the scienter, it would impose a limitation on material both obscene and not obscene. Justice Harlan disagreed with this claim and thought it to be more theoretical than practical. He also believed that the ordinance was not unconstitutionally applied merely because of the State’s refusal to admit expert testimony.
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Evans-Pritchard's later work was more theoretical, drawing upon his experiences as anthropologist to philosophize on the nature of anthropology and how it should best be practiced. In 1950 he famously disavowed the commonly held view that anthropology was a natural science, arguing instead that it should be grouped amongst the humanities, especially history. He argued that the main issue facing anthropologists was one of translation—finding a way to translate one's own thoughts into the world of another culture and thus manage to come to understand it, and then to translate this understanding back so as to explain it to people of one's own culture. In 1965, he published the highly influential work Theories of Primitive Religion, arguing against the existing theories of what at the time were called "primitive" religious practices.
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Significant equipment storage for a MEB is located in northern Norway under the Marine Corps Prepositioning Program-Norway,Marine Corps Prepositioning Program-Norway and administered in the contiguous United States by Blount Island Command. The Norwegian Government has integrated the presence of a MEB into its defense planning. Yet the tasking is now more theoretical than real, as the last confirmed deployment was Exercise Battle Griffin in 1991, in which the 2nd Marine Expeditionary Brigade, made up from USMCR reserve units due to Operation Desert Storm, made the first test of the concept. The exercise was conducted in February and March 1991 and the Brigade was made up of the 25th Marines regimental headquarters, 3rd Battalion, 25th Marines (infantry), Company E, 4th Reconnaissance Battalion, and 1st Battalion, 14th Marines (artillery).
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Ambassador Alva Myrdal In 1964, Prime Minister of Sweden Tage Erlander put forward the idea of establishing a peace research institute to commemorate Sweden's 150 years of unbroken peace. A Swedish Royal Commission chaired by Ambassador Alva Myrdal proposed in its 1966 report to establish an institute, later named the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, SIPRI. The institute's research should seek to contribute to "the understanding of the preconditions for a stable peace and for peaceful solutions of international conflicts" and the Commission recommended that research be concentrated on armaments, their limitation and reduction, and arms control. The commission also recommended that SIPRI work is of "an applied research character directed towards practical-political questions [which] should be carried on in a constant interchange with research of a more theoretical kind".
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Khayatt concluded that "Overall[...]the book is excellent in its breadth, and I, for one, am thankful for the work of these authors." She suggested that the analysis of lesbian practices should have indicated a possible difference in how Islamic cultures perceive of same-sex female practices instead of stating that the concepts are censored and hidden from society, and that the practice of "(heterosexual couples) changing the gender of the loved one in the heat of passion" in media should have been explored. She argued that "the authors in the book rely on Western texts to support their analysis rather than looking to the cultural contexts for speculations." Edward Stein, JD, PhD, an associate professor of the Cardozo School of Law, argued that there should have been more theoretical discussion present.
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Saunders-Roe determined that, in addition to more theoretical work, a test programme involving a large-scale radio-controlled model would be necessary to provide sufficient data to make progress, and produced a proposal to this effect on 4 September 1958.Paine and Syms 2012, p. 50. In October 1958, the second stage of the contract was awarded, enabling advanced research into the development of the proposed air cushion and the corresponding principles, such as intake design, directional stability, and control; design studies were also performed for various sizes of hovercraft, ranging from 70-ton to 15,000-ton craft. It was at this point that the first pair of manned models were also proposed, of which Model A was selected to proceed with.Paine and Syms 2012, p. 76.
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In 2015 Cantab donated £5 million to launch the Cantab Capital Institute for the Mathematics of Information at Cambridge University. The research institute will use mathematical science techniques to analyse data for application in fields such as medicine, meteorology, urban planning and financial risk analysis. The Institute will have six lecturers and up to 18 Ph.D. students. The Institute was set-up in order to address the lack of philanthropic funding for data research, and to stimulate cutting-edge research in the area. In an interview with Pensions and Investments, Kirk said "...it is much easier to get funding for medical science or computer science [than for] more theoretical subjects like mathematics”. Kirk also characterised the donation as "philanthropic” and that the firm plans to keep its research in-house, while maintaining a "rewarding dialogue" with the Institute.
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The National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) in the USA summarizes the distinction as being that engineers are trained more with conceptual skills to "function as designers," while engineering technologists "apply others' designs." The mathematics and sciences, as well as other technical courses, in engineering technology programs, tend to be taught with more application-based examples, whereas engineering coursework provides a more theoretical foundation in math and science (because those are the very subjects that engineers apply directly). Moreover, engineering coursework tends to require higher-level mathematics, including calculus and beyond, as well as more extensive knowledge of the natural sciences applied in design, which also serve to prepare students for research (whether in graduate studies or industrial R&D;). Engineering technology courses generally have more labs associated with their undergraduate courses that require hands-on application of the studied topics.
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At a time when multilingualism is promoted among adults and children, contrastivity, which is one of the major components of the Metaoperational Theory, is an approach making it easier for learners to understand and appropriate the grammatical system of other languages. On a more theoretical level, among other things, a contrastive approach to the investigation of languages enables linguists to evaluate the validity of their theoretical concepts and analyses. In Adamczewski’s words (2002: 55), such an approach opens up « new horizons for an ancient quest » by uncovering the existence of a ‘universal grammar’ based on a number of mental operations common to all natural languages. These operations are marked by grammatical items specific to each individual language, and naturally variation from language to language in the way a particular operation is marked can be quite impressive.
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The People's Army of Catalonia (Catalan: Exèrcit Popular de Catalunya) was an army created by the Generalitat of Catalonia on December 6, 1936, during the Spanish Civil War. Its existence was more theoretical than real, because the original structure of the popular militias continued to exist despite the efforts of the Generalitat. On October 24, 1936, the Generalitat of Catalonia dissolved the Central Committee of Antifascist Militias with the aim of reorganizing the military forces in Catalonia and militarizing paramilitary militia units. On December 6, 1936, the creation of the "People's Army of Catalonia" was decreed, decree signed by the Defense Minister of Catalonia, Felipe Díaz Sandino. The People's Army of Catalonia was made up of 9 infantry regiments, 3 artillery regiments, 3 cavalry groups, 3 engineers' groups, a group of officers and a health group, grouping the forces of the Aragon front.
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Richard Lewis Arnowitt (May 3, 1928 – June 12, 2014) was an American physicist known for his contributions to theoretical particle physics and to general relativity. Arnowitt was a Distinguished Professor (Emeritus) at Texas A&M; University, where he was a member of the Department of Physics. His research interests were centered on supersymmetry and supergravity, from phenomenology (namely how to find evidence for supersymmetry at current and planned particle accelerators or in the guise of dark matter) to more theoretical questions of string and M theory.Arnowitt's homepage at Texas A&M; In the context of general relativity, he was best known for his development (with Stanley Deser and Charles Misner) of the ADM formalism, roughly speaking a way of describing spacetime as space evolving in time, which allows a recasting of Einstein's theory in terms of a more general formalism used in physics to describe dynamical systems, namely the Hamiltonian formalism.
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In 2007, Kelly, along with his wife, Emily Williams Kelly, and Adam Crabtree, Alan Gauld, Michael Grosso, and Bruce Greyson published a major work, titled Irreducible Mind: Toward a Psychology for the 21st Century where they attempt to bridge contemporary cognitive psychology and mainstream neuroscience with "rogue phenomena", which the authors argue exist in near-death experiences, psychophysiological influence, automatism, memory, genius, and mystical states. They argue for a dualist interpretation of the mind-brain relation in which the brain only acts as a "filter" or "transmitter" of consciousness which survives death of the body. In 2015, Kelly, Adam Crabtree, and Paul Marshall published a more theoretical sequel to the Irreducible Mind, titled Beyond Physicalism: Toward Reconciliation of Science and Spirituality in which they seek to understand how the world must be constituted so that the empirical phenomena catalogued in the Irreducible Mind would be possible.
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There were suggestions to improve the machinery with geared turbines, turbo-electric drive, or Föttinger's hydraulic transmission, but these were more theoretical than practical.McLaughlin, p. 249 After the February Revolution, the condition of the ships was assessed on 28 April 1917. The ship that was furthest along was still Izmail: her hull, engines, and boilers were around 65 percent complete, and her armour was 36 percent complete. Her turrets were not expected to be completed until 1919. The Congress of Shipyard Workers decided to continue work on the Izmail in mid-1917, but only to provide jobs. The Provisional Government halted all work on Borodino, Kinburn, and Navarin on 24 October 1917, and the Bolsheviks ordered work on Izmail halted on 14 December 1917. After the end of the Russian Civil War was in sight by October 1921, the victorious Bolsheviks considered finishing Izmail, and possibly Borodino, to their original design.
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The main purpose of the study was to disclose the control and steering of the citizens that is built into the Swedish social security system. According to Christensen, there was a strong interest on the part of the state to conceal the role that the Job Service played in the system. Furthermore, Christensen meant that the state had an interest in concealing how the behavior-steering and repressive functions of the social security system were inseparably associated with the supportive functions of the system – a fact that contradicted the ideology surrounding the Welfare State. The study represented an important shift in Christensen’s research towards a more theoretical, social-science-oriented and critical approach. Christensen’s interest in normative developments continued over the years, and in the study Residential Right in the Tenement House (Hemrätt i hyreshuset), 1994, she took the first steps towards creating the Theory of Law as Normative Patterns in a Normative Field.
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Shapiro further expands upon these arguments and more in his major work of applied political theory Politics Against Domination, in which he makes a compelling case that the overriding purpose of politics should be to combat domination. In addition to taking a more theoretical approach to the topic, Shapiro discusses the implications of this work for ongoing debates electoral systems, independent courts, money in politics, minimum wages, and the vulnerabilities of minorities. Utilizing evidence from the battle against slavery, the creation of modern welfare states, the civil rights movement, Occupy Wall Street, the Tea Party, and the worldwide campaign against sweatshops, among other sources, Shapiro delves into the making of effective coalitions for political change and how best to press them into the service of resisting domination - culminating in the motivating argument that individuals may reasonably hope to devise ways to combat domination. Shapiro has also worked on issues related to transitions from authoritarianism to democracy.
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The gallery's proprietors generously made their electrical apparatus freely available for the use of the Society's members. The meetings, initially held on the first and third Saturdays of the month at 7:00pm, involved the reading and discussion of experimental papers by members and their guests. Roughly half of the first 120 papers had an emphasis on technology, typically describing an improvement in a technique, or of a piece of apparatus. An example is Charles V Walker's “An Account of Experiments with a ‘Constant Voltaic Battery’” read in October 1838, in which he described the results of assembling and testing a 160-cell battery of zinc and copper electrodes immersed in saturated copper sulphate solution. Other papers were of a more theoretical nature, such as Thomas Pollock’s “On the Connection between the Atomic Arrangement and the Conducting power of Bodies.” The London Electrical Society had decided early on that it would not prepare standing Rules and Regulations or formally elect Officers until the membership had reached 50.
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The most direct antecedents of Shannon's work were two papers published in the 1920s by Harry Nyquist and Ralph Hartley, who were both still research leaders at Bell Labs when Shannon arrived in the early 1940s. Nyquist's 1924 paper, "Certain Factors Affecting Telegraph Speed", is mostly concerned with some detailed engineering aspects of telegraph signals. But a more theoretical section discusses quantifying "intelligence" and the "line speed" at which it can be transmitted by a communication system, giving the relation :W = K \log m \, where W is the speed of transmission of intelligence, m is the number of different voltage levels to choose from at each time step, and K is a constant. Hartley's 1928 paper, called simply "Transmission of Information", went further by using the word information (in a technical sense), and making explicitly clear that information in this context was a measurable quantity, reflecting only the receiver's ability to distinguish that one sequence of symbols had been intended by the sender rather than any other—quite regardless of any associated meaning or other psychological or semantic aspect the symbols might represent.
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Although Budan's Theorem, as this result was known, was taken up by, among others, Pierre Louis Marie Bourdon (1779-1854), in his celebrated algebra textbook, it tended to be eclipsed by an equivalent result due to Joseph Fourier, as the consequence of a priority dispute. Interest in Budan's theorem has been revived because some further computational results are more easily deducible from it than from Fourier's version of the theorem. Budan's book was read across the English Channel; for example, Peter Barlow includes mention of it in his entry on Approximation in his Dictionary (1814), although grouping it with the method of Joseph-Louis Lagrange as being accurate, but of more theoretical interest than practical use. Budan's work on approximation was studied by Horner in preparing his celebrated article in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London in 1819 that gave rise to the term Horner's method; Horner comments there and elsewhere on Budan's results, at first being sceptical of the value of Budan's work, but later warming to it.
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Until the mid nineteenth century, most law degrees in England (the BCL at Oxford and Durham, and the LLB at London) were postgraduate degrees, taken after an initial degree in Arts. The Cambridge degree, variously referred to as a BCL, BL or LLB, was an exception: it took six years from matriculation to complete, but only three of these had to be in residence, and the BA was not required (although those not holding a BA had to produce a certificate to prove they had not only been in residence but had actually attended lectures for at least three terms). These degrees specialised in Roman civil law rather than in English common law, the latter being the domain of the Inns of Court, and thus they were more theoretical than practically useful. Cambridge reestablished its LLB degree in 1858 as an undergraduate course alongside the BA, and the London LLB, which had previously required a minimum of one year after the BA, become an undergraduate degree in 1866.
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In the late seventies, Frei's outlook began to shift. He found himself increasingly drawn away from purely intellectual history and towards social history; in tandem he found his doubts about aspects of the Identity and Eclipse phase of his work crystallizing in a shift away from more theoretical hermeneutical solutions towards more social, "cultural-linguistic" – and, we might say, more ecclesiological and pneumatological – solutions. In the 1978 George F. Thomas Lecture, he issued what can in retrospect be seen as something of a personal manifesto, using the word "sensibility" to denote the object of a kind of historical study which would look for the shape and development of religious styles, attitudes and doctrines firmly embedded in the development and interaction of social institutions of various overlapping kinds. In 1981, he spent some time in England during which he looked, on advice from Owen Chadwick, at visitation returns and sermons from the eighteenth century life of a couple of English parishes, hoping to find a way to combine the more social and cultural historical insights which these things gave him into the Christianity of the time with the insights he had hitherto gained through a more traditional study of well-known high-culture theologians and philosophers.
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