All of the faux puritanical moralizers can take a seat.
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For "empathic moralizers" then, what dominates isn't empirical data or long term considerations, but politics or emotion and manipulation.
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For moralizers, the exchange of sex for money poses a threat to "family values" that emphasize the importance of sex within marriage and promote modesty among women.
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It is also a brief for the slow-and-steady school of leadership, a subtle reminder that showboating moralizers can be balanced by grounded and wiser souls.
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It doesn't get much better than that for those of us who suspect the loudest moralizers in the room are always the ones trying to project their own sexual shame onto any nearby target.
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It should surprise exactly no one that the moralizers who love and cover the NFL, not to mention the league itself, will give you every benefit of the doubt so long as victorious ends eventually justify the means.
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This aligns well with Jonathan Haidt's delineation between "systemizers" with "moralizers" in politics — the former being people who consider how variables are affected following a change in a system, the latter being those who emphasize the emotions of those immediately affected by that change.
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But at the same time, in addition to the apocalypticists who seem to take a grim glee in oncoming catastrophe, and the hairshirt moralizers who seem to believe that suggesting anything other than "we're all doomed, unless we go back to living in carbon-neutral caves!" is dangerous, there is another narrative.
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Humphreys influenced generations of sociologists and other social and behavioral scientists in complex ways. He is often studied in research methods classes for the ethical questions that his works raised. However, Earl Babbie, who writes about sociological research methods, notes that the controversy about "sociological snoopers"von Hoffman, Nicholas; Irving Louis Horowitz; and Lee Rainwater. (1973). "Sociological snoopers and journalistic moralizers: An exchange." Values of Social Science 1/1/1973: 145-164.
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After the study was published, the controversy in Humphreys' own department at Washington University resulted in about half the faculty leaving the department. There was also a lively debate in the popular press; notably journalist Nicholas von Hoffman, writing for The Washington Post at that time, condemned all social scientists, accusing them of indifference.Nicholas Von Hoffman, "Sociological Snoopers", The Washington Post, January 30, 1970. Reprinted in The Tearoom Trade, enlarged edition, 1975, page 177, "Sociological Snoopers and Journalistic Moralizers".
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Irving Louis Horowitz, Lee Rainwater, "Sociological Snoopers and Journalistic Moralizers: An Exchange", in Norman K. Denzin (ed.), The values of social science, Transaction Publishers, 1973, , p.151-164 Nonetheless, others have defended Tearoom Trade, pointing out that participants were conducting their activities in a public place and that the deceit was harmless, since Humphreys designed the study with respect for their individual privacy, not identifying them in his published work. Additionally, the Tearoom Trade study focuses on these interactions through investigation of possible social, psychological, or physiological reasons for this behavior.Seth Vickrey As Earl R. Babbie notes, the "tearoom trade controversy [on whether this research was ethical or not] has never been resolved"; and it is likely to remain a subject of debates in the conceivable future.
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Starting with the anti-slavery movement of the 1790s, the evangelical moralizers developed highly effective techniques of enhancing the moral sensibilities of all family members and reaching the public at large through intense, very well organized agitation and propaganda. They focused on exciting a personal revulsion against social evils and personal misbehavior.G.M. Young, Victorian England: Portrait of an Age (1936, 2nd ed, 1953), pp 1–6. Asa Briggs points out, "There were as many treatises on 'domestic economy' in mid-Victorian England as on political economy"Briggs, The Age of Improvement 1783–1867 (1957) p 447. The third effect came from the liberalism of philosophical utilitarians, led by intellectuals Jeremy Bentham (1748–1832), James Mill (1773–1836) and his son John Stuart Mill (1806–1873).
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