79 Sentences With "llanero" | Random Sentence Generator

Mr. Barragán is a pure llanero, as natives of the region are known.

He sometimes plays the lively yet plaintive llanero music for guests, on the harp, or the four-stringed cuatro.

On weekends, customers seat themselves at one of the four tables, or along the counter, and order one of the soups served on Saturdays and Sundays; (the chopped beef version, picadillo llanero, is homey and hearty).

There are also anacondas so huge they are the subjects of this folk tale: A llanero is walking through a riverside jungle, and stops to rest, sitting on a downed tree … which soon begins to slither off.

Illustration of a Venezuelan llanero by Celestino Martínez Llanero hunting an alligator, 1862.

Ramon Torres Mendez, llanero soldier. Antonio Guzmán Blanco, wearing the traditional countryman attire from Venezuela. XIX Century. Lithograph, cowboy, llanero in Venezuela, 1884.

For the llanero, the horse is par excellence a beast. Other animals are not beasts for the llanero. Like cattle, it is only beef. Pigs are herds.

While Llanero music is relatively unknown outside of Venezuela and Colombia, the musical groups Los Llaneros and Cimarron have toured throughout the world. Llanero cuisine is based on meat, fish, chicken, "chiguire" meat (also known as capybara), rice, arepas, and other starches, although wheat is not used. Llanero Ken, a doll dressed in the distinctive Llanero costume Liqui liqui, including a customary starched hat, has become a popular doll in Venezuela.

According to Ramón Páez, the llanero had several physical characteristics that resembled the Arabic one. Bolívar Coronado said Always on horseback, sober, haughty and extremely manly. Black coffee drinker and chimó chewer, a kind of tobacco. The llanero did both the male and female tasks.

Sí, soy llanero was nominated for Best Traditional World Music Album in the 47th Annual Grammy Awards.

Reinaldo Armas Enguaima (born August 4, 1953), better known as Reynaldo Armas, is a Venezuelan llanero singer and composer.

It is the typical Venezuelan costume, straight cut and with a closed neck. It is the llanero suit par excellence, both for work and gala. It is mainly a masculine garment, although in our times, women have used it with a skirt and boots, giving great brilliance. A llanero, La Ferme Dans Les Llanos, 1838, France.

José Catire Carpio José Catire Carpio, (born José Algimiro Carpio Velásquez; December 19, 1940 - June 26, 2006), was a Venezuelan llanero singer.

The yeísmo dialect feature is characteristic of Llanero Spanish, and the articulation of the "r" to its weakening (vorqueta by volqueta, a phenomenon seen in Arauca, Colombia) or its disappearance in the infinitive (ventiá, aserrá, ordeñá, cogé, etc.). Llanero Spanish is also characterized by the articulation of the "s" (implosive), the aspiration (maíh= maíz) or loss (cataplama = cataplasma) of the "s" as well. Also appears the feature of the aspiration of the "s" prevocalic (ji jeñol, eso je li olvida = sí señor, eso se le olvida). Its intervocalic fricatives (b-d-g) weaken or disappear in the llanero speech (auacero = aguacero).

Llanero Spanish suppresses or weakens the redundant "-s" of the plural, e.g., 'los antioqueño, loj perro, cuatronarice (cuatronarices is a local snake species), loj padrino.'' Llanero Spanish also has a similar nominal composition to costeño dialects, eg, pativoltiao (pata + volteado ie noun + adjective). Formation of past composite of subjunctive with the verb “ser”, eg: “Si no fuera (hubiera) sido por Guadalupe Salcedo…”.

Sí, soy llanero is the first studio album by Colombian band Cimarron. This 2004 record production earned a Grammy nominee for Best Traditional World Music Album.

Guarulo, Masato, Lemonade with panela, Guarapo de Piña and the coffee cerrero. In addition to the typical liquors such as Aguardiente Llanero and Ron San Martín Añejo.

Conversely, they have to drive the cattle towards wet areas during the dry summer. The Llaneros show their skills in coleo competitions, similar to rodeos, where they compete to drag cattle to the ground. Llanero music is distinctive for its use of the harp, the maracas and a small guitar called a cuatro. The joropo, a Llanero dance, has become the national dance of Venezuela, and of the Llanos of Colombia.

Lamontichthys llanero is a species of armored catfish endemic to Venezuela where it is found in the Guanare Viejo River. This species grows to a length of SL.

Retrieved 21 January 2018. It has many common names, including rana criolla, sapo-rana llanero, butter frog, and lesser foam frog.Leptodactylus latrans. Amphibian Species of the World 6.0.

The Llaneros had a dislike for the urban and elite Criollos who led the independence movement. Boves's Llanero army routinely killed white Venezuelans.Parma, Alessandro. A First-Hand Impreof the Venezuelan Opposition VenezuelaAnalysis.com.

Subsequently, the town moved to the banks of the Pauto River . 3From Trinidad, the legendary llanero, true hero of the Vargas Swamp, is known from Trinidad, who contributed under his ideas to defeat the royalists in Boyacá.

As the fighting between the government and the Llanero guerrillas was out of control, a military coup in June 1953, took Gustavo Rojas Pinilla to power who immediately negotiated a cease fire and amnesty for the insurgents.

Bracca was born in Trinidad de Orichuna, Apure. In addition to his activity as a composer, he became a singer, through the help of Cándido Herrera, who also helped him in the interpretation of his compositions. Augusto Bracca recognised in the singers José Catire Carpio and Juan de los Santos Contreras (El Carrao de Palmarito) two of his best interpreters. The former recorded, among others, two of the most famous pieces in his career - "Mi llano es un paraíso" and "Mi rancho llanero", and the latter made popular the famous piece "Chaparralito llanero".

After the hardships of wading through a virtual sea, the mostly llanero army was not prepared and poorly clothed for the cold and altitude of the mountains. Many became ill or died.Lynch, John. Bolívar, A Life, 127-129.

The Spanish also used the term to describe the nomadic tribes of the Llano Estacado of Texas and New Mexico and was applied to the Apache in particular. In Spanish, The Lone Ranger is known as El Llanero Solitario.

For their dressage, a team of llaneros armed with lassos, they scurry and strongly immobilize the legs of the stallion with their lassos, another llanero arrives and rides on top of the beast, cuts off part of the mane to show that it has been tamed and grabs what remains, the ranger gives the Order and the others remove their lassos, the beast, being accustomed to the freedom of the plain, will try with all its might to take off the tamer, kicking and with several jumps, until in the end, the beast is defeated, and is tamed by the llanero. The horse is the llanero's best friend, so much so that they even have poems like these The llanero horse is extremely strong and adapted to the tasks of the field. Having the ability to not only pass the pampas but the bravest rivers.

Dialects spoken in Venezuela. Spanish dialects of Colombia. The Llanero Spanish is the set of linguistic modalities of the Spanish language spoken in the Venezuelan-Colombian Llanos region. It is characterized by the mixing of elements from Old Spanish with indigenous elements.

Llanero covers a vast area of the country with a low population density. It is spoken in the eastern plains of the country from the Cordillera Oriental (the eastern mountain range of the Andes). It has a characteristic influence of inland Colombian settlers.

Bolívar and other leaders then returned to New Granada. Later that year the largest expeditionary force ever sent by Spain to America arrived under the command of Pablo Morillo. This force effectively replaced the improvised llanero units, who were disbanded by Morillo.

Bolas criollas is a traditional team sport from Venezuela, very popular in the Llanos and most rural regions. It is one of the most representative icons of Llanero culture. Its origins can be traced back to traditional European boules sports, such as bocce and pétanque.

AeroTal (Colombian Territorial Airlines, formerly as the Airlines El Llanero) was an Colombian airline based in the La Vanguardia Airport of Villavicencio. The airline specialized in both regional, domestic and international flights. It was founded in 1970 and completed its entire operations by 1983.

The Hemispheric Institute of Performance and Politics. Welcome to the Nineteenth Century: Venezuelan Elections by Fernando Calzadilla. Recently, former Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez was seen performing a humoristic version of himself as Juan Bimba, particularly during political campaigning tactics, portraying the image of a humble llanero.

25 November 2005. Negroes were supplied with maps and lists of rebel plantations by royalists. The Llanero army routed the patriots in the center of the country. Finally Boves marched towards Caracas, forcing the Republicans to flee to the east of the country, ending the second republic.

The jacket is fastened by five or six buttons, and may or may not have pockets (if so, no more than four). Overall, the outfit is very simple with clean, elegant lines. Traditionally, the Liqui liqui is worn with “alpargata” – an open-toed sandal – and a “llanero” hat.

In this environment leaders like Piar, who in recent years had begun to emphasize his Pardo roots as he built a Pardo and llanero following, became suspect, and this weakness proved useful to Bolívar, when the moment came to reassert his position as head of the nascent republic.

Juan de los Santos Contreras; April 7, 1928 – December 10, 2002), was a Venezuelan llanero singer, better known by his stage name El Carrao de Palmarito. He took his stage name from the limpkin (Spanish: Carrao, Latin: Aramus guarauna), a bird with a piercing call. His most famous songs include Florentino y el Diablo, Aquella mujer que amé, Furia, Chaparralito llanero, Cajón del Arauca apureño, Llanura yo soy tu hijo, Plegaria llanera, Travesía de San Camilo, Faenas del llano, Dulce María, Mis retoños, El morrocoy de doña Carmen, Caminito de Arichuna, Recorriendo a Barinas, Los martirios del Carrao, El sueño de Julio Verne, Villavicencio. Contreras received many awards, including Venezuela's National Prize of Music in 1998.

Chorus ¡Vuelvan caras! al grito potente, que el poder colonial sucumbió! y que en las pampas extensas de Apure se oye el eco vibrar de esta voz. I Como el águila cruza el espacio sin que nadie detenga su vuelo, cruza libre el llanero este suelo que su lanza y valor libertó.

Páez, el centauro de los Llanos, the clarified citizen or the Taita was a man of the people, of humble and Canarian origin but above all llanero; Raised as one to become an excellent spearman, cabrestero, baquiano and leader, he made an image in the plain until he became caporal. The precarious situation of the plain and its inhabitants led to his companions persuading him to enter the Ejercito libertador. Due to his character and being someone for and for the people, it was not difficult for him to raise people in arms, reaching not only to command his own montonera, but to an entire country. Becoming not only the first llanero president of Venezuela, but also one of the few cowboy presidents that history has seen.

Cattle form an important part of Llanero culture. There are 12 million cattle on the llano. During the year, the Llaneros have to drive cattle great distances. During the winter wet season, the Llaneros have to drive the cattle to higher ground as the poor drainage of the plains means that the annual floods are extensive.

Boves's locally raised Llanero army was replaced in 1815 by a formal expedition sent from Spain under the leadership of Pablo Morillo. It was the largest expedition the Spanish had ever sent to the Americas. Venezuela's proximity to Cuba, Puerto Rico and Spain made it the first target of the royalist counterattack. The Llaneros were either demobilized or incorporated into the expeditionary units.

Orinoco was produced by Ana Veydó and Carlos Cuco Rojas and recorded in Cimarrón Studio in Bogotá, Colombia. This was Cimarrón's first independent album after two studio albums produced by Smithsonian Folkways, Sí, soy llanero and ¡Cimarrón! Joropo music from the Plains of Colombia. Orinoco features the sound of an old indigenous deer-skull whistle from Sikuani people from the Orinoco River.

Arturo Michelena, Vuelvan Caras. The painting depicts an incident at the Battle of Las Queseras del Medio, in which José Antonio Páez ordered his llaneros to turn around and attack the Spanish cavalry that was pursuing them. Ferdinand Bellermann, llaneros (1843) A llanero (, plainsman) is a South American herder. The name is taken from the Llanos grasslands occupying western-central Venezuela and eastern Colombia.

Bahareque is the general name given to the construction system of certain types of houses in Venezuela and Colombia. The bahareques have generally been the type of dwelling for the llanero. The roof is casupo, a long leaf that is placed superimposed like tiles and is tied with a meccatillo. Those leaves are dried and toasted by the sun, it is a totally waterproof and cool roof.

Venezuelan joropo. Drawing by Eloy Palacios (1912) Street musicians in Caracas play joropo on the Venezuelan arpa Interpretation of joropo in Caracas, Venezuela The joropo', also called ' (Spanish for "music of the Llanos"), is a musical style resembling the fandango, and an accompanying dance. It originated in Venezuelan and Colombian territory, and has African, Native South American, and European influences. There are different joropo variants: tuyero, oriental, and llanero.

His political position secured, Bolívar began to expand the scope of his military activity. He met with Páez for the first time in January 1818, who accepted Bolívar as head of the republicans. Páez, however, refused to take his powerful llanero cavalry outside of the Llanos, where they were extremely effective in holding off and defeating Morillo's formal army. Bolívar was, therefore, left alone in a mid-year attempt to take Caracas, which failed.

These songs are measurable and interspersed cries and jipíos according to the need of the work, depending on the milking or the drive. As for the scales to which these melodies are adjusted, they vary among themselves, according to the type of regional music. Thus, a song of the Táchira state to harvest coffee differs a lot from a llanero ridge for the drive. But, in general, all show an old character.

Música llanera is a harp-led genre of music from the Llanos popular throughout Colombia. It includes the traditional joropo musical style, and is known for verbal contests called contrapunteo. Artists in this genre include Alfredo Rolando Ortiz (born in Cuba), Alma Llanera (Colombian band), Cimarrón (band), Luis Ariel Rey, Carlos Rojas, Sabor Llanero, Arnulfo Briceño, and Orlando Valdemarra. This particular type of music is also popular in Venezuela due to the shared llanos.

The Tenza Valley is situated in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes at altitudes between approximately in the northwest and in the southeast. The Lengupá River, part of the Orinoco drainage basin, flows through the valley and connects the higher altitude Altiplano Cundiboyacense with the Llanos Orientales. El Valle de Tenza, tesoro natural en el Piedemonte Llanero The Une, Villeta, Socha, Macanal and Bogotá Formations outcrop in the valley. The valley is rich in water.

The primary economic activity in the Llanos since the Spanish colonial era is the herding of millions of cattle. An 1856 watercolor by Manuel María Paz depicts sparsely populated open grazing lands with cattle and palm trees. The term llanero ("plainsman") became synonymous with the cowhands that took care of the herds, and had some cultural similarities with the gauchos of the Pampas or the vaqueros of Spanish and Mexican Texas. Decades of extensive cattle raising has altered the ecology of the Llanos.

The Eastern Frontal Fault System extends from near latitude 3°N, north into the Venezuelan Andes, close to San Cristóbal at about latitude 7.5°N. The fault system developed from an initial set of distensional parallel fractures that dipped westward and which formed the eastern border of a huge Paleozoic to Cretaceous sedimentary basin. Later in the Neogene, regional uplift and shortening of the crust gave rise to the Eastern Ranges of Colombia. The initial normal faults reversed motion and became thrust faults in the Borde Llanero.

Fishing boat Costa del Sol transferred three survivors for treatment to Robert G. Bradley, and fishing vessel Arelis transferred a fourth person. The ship then shifted the survivors to the Costa Rican Coast Guard. Guided missile frigate transferred 19 narcotics smugglers she had apprehended to Robert G. Bradley in Panamanian waters, which then turned them over to the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (8–13 August). The ship next intercepted and boarded fishing vessel Llanero, which flew the Nicaraguan flag without proper documentation (26–27 August).

Her boarding team discovered of cocaine hidden in the hold, and apprehended eight smugglers. The inspectors determined that Llanero was unfit for the sea and sank her with GAU-16 fire from Cutlass 472, her embarked Seahawk, and 76 and 25 millimeter gunfire, 40 millimeter grenades, and .50 caliber fire from the ship (). Robert G. Bradley and a U.S. Coast Guard Lockheed HC-130H "Hercules" chased a go fast that escaped into Colombian waters and beached herself on the Island de Providencia (30 August).

Female flowers Cacay is an indigenous species to the drainage basins of the Orinoco and Amazon rivers, and can be found in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil. In Colombia, cacay is distributed across the Piedemonte llanero in the eastern foothills of the Andes Mountains. It is also found in the watershed of the Magdalena River. The species has been reported in five Colombian departments (Antioquia, Caquetá, Cundinamarca, Meta, Putumayo) with influence over three Colombian natural regions (Andean, Orinoquía or Eastern Plains, and Amazon).

The Morochucos are the cowboys of the plains of the Peruvian Andes, living mainly in the Region of Ayacucho. They raise cattle and tame horses for their livelihood, and they engage in other typical activities of a cattle-horseman cowboy. They are comparable to other cowboys of Latin America such as the qorilazo, the cowboys from Cusco, also in Peru, the Chilean huaso, the Argentine/Bolivian/Uruguayan gaucho, the Spanish vaqueiro, the Colombian/Venezuelan llanero, and the Mexican charro. Morochucos are known for their bravery and strength.

Perhaps the most typical of Llanero Spanish it is in the Indigenous inheritance, in many indigenous terms are incorporated into this speech. Are sometimes the names of regionals plants as cumare (Astrocaryum aculeatum), moriche (Mauritia flexuosa), mapora (Roystonea oleracea), suy, yaray, bototo, etc.; among others, the names of objects of indigenous cultures adopted by the Creole as chiramo (hanging utensil), budare, mapire (basket), chirama (basket) 'catumare (palm vessel), corota (calabash vessel), etc .; or the indigenous foods adopted in the Creole cuisine as majule (porridge of plantain), catibía (dough of cassava striped), etc.

After the hardships of wading through a virtual sea, the mostly llanero army scaled the mountains poorly clothed and ill-prepared for the cold and altitude of the mountains. On both legs of the trip many became ill or died. Despite some intelligence that Bolívar was on the move, the Spanish considered the route impassable, and therefore, they were taken by surprise when Bolívar's small army emerged from the mountains on July 5. In a series of battles under the auspices of Francisco Mariño y Soler the republican army cleared its way to Bogotá.

Its hundredth anniversary was marked by its being declared Bien de Interés Cultural. The first part of Alma Llanera is inspired on the waltz Marisela by composer Sebastian Díaz Peña from Venezuela, while the second part of Alma Llanera is inspired on the waltz Mita by the Curaçaon composer Jan Gerard Palm (1831-1906). The title refers to the Llaneros, the herders of Venezuela whose culture is part of the country popular imagery. The llanero culture is at the root of the joropo, firstly as a dance and then as a musical genre.

His father, Juan José Dionisio Martínez Alemán (1773-1847), was Secretary to the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela. He began his education in art with Juan Lovera in 1832. Later, he visited Europe, spending most of his time in Paris, where he studied the "Old Masters". "El Llanero Domador" (The Plainsman Tamer), his most familiar image In 1839, at the age of nineteen, he taught drawing classes at the "Sociedad Económica Amigos del País" (Economic Society of Friends of the Nation), founded by General José Antonio Páez.

As long ago as 1862, adventurer Don Ramon Paez described a Venezuelan poison, guachamaca, which the indigenous peoples used to lace sardines as bait for herons and cranes. If the head and neck of a bird so killed was cut off, the remainder of the flesh could be eaten safely. Paez also described the attempt of a Llanero woman to murder a rival to her lover's affections with guachamaca and unintentionally killed 10 other people when her husband shared his food with their guests. It is probable that the plant was Malouetia nitida or Malouetia schomburgki.

José Suárez in the Spaghetti-western Texas, addio (1966). Despite appearing too in two successful mainstream Italian films: Scano Boa (1961) and Sette uomini d'oro (1965), eventually he was almost confined to the Spanish-Italian sword and sandal and spaghetti westerns movies, the most interesting of all them being The Price of Power (1969), also known as Il Prezzo del potere or La Muerte de un Presidente. And he even played the lead in El Llanero (1964), one of the first films directed by the (in)famous master of the sexually charged horror films, Jesús Franco.

During the Latin American wars of independence, Llanero lancers and cavalry served in both armies and provided the bulk of the cavalry during the war. They were known for being skilled riders who were in charge of all the tasks related to livestock and other ranch-related activities. The historical figure emerged in the 17th century until its disappearance at the end of the 19th century with the Andean hegemony and the birth of the Venezuelan oil industry. Its ethnic origin dates back to the union of the Arawaks, Andalusians, Canarians and to a lesser extent the slaves brought by The Crown during the Spanish colonization of the Americas.

Simón Bolívar fled Venezuela and in 1813 joined the republican army of United Provinces of New Granada, achieving dominance over the other factions by late 1814. Bolívar was then authorised to lead a liberating force back into Venezuela in what became known as the Admirable Campaign, quickly defeating the royalist troops at the battle of Alto de los Godos. The Llanero people of the southern plains, however, then rebelled against the Criollo republicans, defeating them and reestablishing royalist control of Venezuela. Bolívar fought on, but a stalemate ensued in which the royalists controlled the highly populated, urban north and the republicans the vast, under-populated plains of the south.

Kinsbruner, Independence in Spanish America, 72–75. In northern South America, after several failed campaigns to take Caracas and other urban centers of Venezuela, Simón Bolívar devised a similar plan in 1819 to cross the Andes and liberate New Granada from the royalists. Like San Martín, Bolívar personally undertook the efforts to create an army to invade a neighboring country, collaborated with pro- independence exiles from that region, and lacked the approval of the Venezuelan congress. Unlike San Martín, however, Bolívar did not have a professionally trained army, but rather a quickly assembled mix of Llanero guerrillas, New Granadan exiles led by Santander and British recruits.

Simón Bolívar As the Legion gained the top, the Apure Braves and 2 companies of the Tiralleurs Battalion (2nd Division) reinforced them, and pushed the enemy off, just as Pedro Camejo, lance in hand, was trying to rally the formations, only to be killed due to two shots to the chest from enemy gunfire, in front of General Páez. Páez, watching him in retreat, told him that he was a coward, to which, with his dying breath, Camejo responded: No, I am not! My general, I have to tell you goodbye, because now I am dead! The cavalry militia of royalist "Llanero" fledfrom 1,551 of theoric cavalry , only two squadrons of hussars fight as infantry.

A csikós in the puszta of Hungary, 1846 In addition to the original Mexican vaquero, the Mexican charro, the cowboy, and the Hawaiian paniolo, the Spanish also exported their horsemanship and knowledge of cattle ranching to the gaucho of Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and (with the spelling gaúcho) southern Brazil,Atherton, Lewis The Cattle Kings Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press 1961 p. 243. the chalán and Morochuco in Peru, the llanero of Venezuela, and the huaso of Chile. In Australia, where ranches are known as stations, cowboys are known as stockmen and ringers, (jackaroos and jillaroos who also do stockwork are trainee overseers and property managers).Delbridge, Arthur, "The Macquarie Dictionary", 2nd ed.

The llanero attire during independence was adapted to the tropical climate of the region. And unlike the Charros and Gauchos, the Llaneros have more variations of their attire because they are the most humble riders among the great riders of America but still maintaining a common base. The documented clothing is from the early nineteenth century; in which according to the different texts and descriptions we can discern that the general clothing was made up of: Ruana: elegant reversible blanket of arabesque works, was composed of a dark color and a light color that were used in different ways to keep them cool in the day and warm at night. The blanket was carried in different ways depending on the subject.

The republicans and Criollo royalists in Caracas, who also feared Boves's llanero hoards, had to flee en masse to Mariño's strongholds in the east. The combined forces of Mariño's and Bolívar were defeated again at Aragua de Barcelona on August 18, at a cost of 2,000 royalist casualties of the 10,000 troops they fielded, most of the 3,000 combatants in the republican army, in addition to many civilian casualties. Due to their series of repeated reverses both Bolívar and Mariño were arrested and removed from power by José Félix Ribas and Manuel Piar, each representing the two republican commands then in place in Venezuela. A few days later Ribas and Piar decided not to try them and instead released them into exile.

He ignored Cajigal, who by 1814 was captain general, even when they were campaigning together, and appointed political and military commanders of his own choosing. Further still from his mind was the Spanish Constitution of 1812, which should have been in effect in Venezuela during this time. Most striking to his contemporaries, however, was that he allowed his llanero soldiers to engage in a class and race war against the landed and urban classes of Venezuela, fulfilling the latters' fear, since 1810, that the revolution could devolve into another Haitian Revolution. (Compare Hidalgo's assault on Guanajuato.) Boves's army became feared for its liberal use of pillage and summary executions, which became notorious even in this period when such actions were common on both sides of the conflict.

Portrait of a Jicarilla man, 1904 Portrait of a Jicarilla maiden, 1905 Following westward expansion of the United States and the resulting impacts to their livelihoods, attempts began in the mid-1850s to relocate the Jicarilla Apache, who became increasingly hostile to these pressures. In addition, relations with the Spanish also became hostile when the Spanish captured and sold Apache tribal members into slavery. After years of warfare, broken treaties, relocation and being the only southwestern tribe without a reservation, the two Jicarilla Llanero and Ollero bands united in 1873 and sent a delegation to Washington, D.C. to appeal for a reservation. Eventually United States President Grover Cleveland created the Jicarilla Apache Reservation through a United States executive order signed on February 11, 1887.Pritzker, 12-13.

And these sands could become over millions of years in strata of sandstones that could also become converted to rise and rejuvenate the relief on plateaus similar to those that now exist in Guyana. This would be a kind of example of the theory of the geographical cycle. In turn, these sands have come to create a unique eco-system in the world: an extensive dune field (occupies about 30,000 km2) that has the peculiarity that it is not a desert climate but a savanna climate in a landscape of natural pastures that alternate with some gallery forests, flowing rivers and dunes of more than 100 km in length and up to 20 m in height. Some of these dunes are used by the Llanero to establish in them the cheese,Fernando Calzadilla Valdés.

Contrary to Boves, Páez did not raise the llaneros based on their hatred, but based on their needs, first freeing them from Spanish rule and then the future Bogotá oligarchy. Bolívar Coronado points out that The Braves of Apure or the Páez lancers, an army of llaneros made up of all classes, including the Negro Primero, a black maroon turned llanero of great caliber, were crucial in several battles, such as that of Las Queseras del Medio, in which 153 Paez llaneros lancers under the tactic "Vuelvan Caras" defeated with only 2 deaths 1,200 Spanish riders, giving a quantity of 400 casualties to the royalist side. The llaneros were also of vital importance in the campaigns of Urica, Swamp of Vargas, Boyacá, the batlle of Junín, the battle of Ayacucho and Carabobo, which were decisive for the republican side.

From June to July 1819, using the rainy season as cover, Bolívar led his army across the flooded plains and over the cold, forbidding passes of the Andes, with heavy losses—a quarter of the British Legion perished, as well as many of his Llanero soldiers, who were not prepared for the nearly 4,000-meter altitudes—but the gamble paid off. By August Bolívar was in control of Bogotá and its treasury, and gained the support of many in New Granada, which still resented the harsh reconquest carried out under Morillo. Nevertheless, Santander found it necessary to continue the policy of the "war to the death" and carried out the execution of thirty-eight royalist officers who had surrendered. With the resources of New Granada, Bolívar became the undisputed leader of the patriots in Venezuela and orchestrated the union of the two regions in a new state called Colombia (Gran Colombia).

There are many other singers who have successfully interpreted works of Augusto Bracca, for instance Eneas Perdomo, and Roiman Meza with the song Traigo polvo del camino, Cristóbal Jiménez with Dios te puso en mi camino, and Edith Salcedo, who recorded Amorcito de mi vida; also the Cuarteto Pueblo, María Teresa Chacín, Quinto Criollo, Lila Moreno, Juan Galea and Lilia Madrigal. The compositions of Bracca have travelled beyond the borders of Venezuela, to become favourite pieces of singers like Javier Solis, Olimpo Cárdenas, Irma Dorante and the Mariachi México. Some of his most famous songs are: A mi ranchito escondido, Alto Apure, Amorcito de mi vida, Chaparralito llanero, Cariño lindo, El beso que te di, El negro José, Fiesta llanera en Elorza, Lindo amanecer, Traigo polvo del camino yo no olvido mi llanura, Qué bonito es Camaguán, among others. Bracca died in Guasdualito, Apure, on December 25, 2012, aged 94.

Considerable variations occur because of local conditions that affect wind currents, however, and areas on the leeward side of the Guajira Peninsula receive generally light rainfall; the annual rainfall of recorded at the Uribia station there is the lowest in Colombia. Considerable year-to-year variations have been recorded, and Colombia sometimes experiences droughts. Colombia's geographic and climatic variations have combined to produce relatively well-defined "ethnocultural" groups among different regions of the country: the Costeño from the Caribbean coast; the Caucano in the Cauca region and the Pacific coast; the Antioqueño in Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda, and Valle del Cauca departments; the Tolimense in Tolima and Huila departments; the Cundiboyacense in the interior departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá in the Cordillera Oriental; the Santandereano in Norte de Santander and Santander departments; and the Llanero in the eastern plains. Each group has distinctive characteristics, accents, customs, social patterns, and forms of cultural adaptation to climate and topography that differentiates it from other groups.

Singer Ana Veydó and harpist Carlos "Cuco" Rojas founded Cimarron in Colombia. Rojas was part of a delegation of Colombian musicians that played for the Colombian writer Gabriel García Márquez during the awarding of Nobel Prize in Literature 1982 on Stockholm, Sweden. Cimarron started to internationalize their work in folk and world music festivals like Smithsonian Folklife Festival, WOMEX Festival, WOMAD, LEAF Festival, Newport Folk Festival, China National Center for the Performing Arts, Rainforest World Music Festival, Paléo Festival, Glatt & Verkehrt, Festival Músicas do Mundo, Festival Rio Loco, Festival Mawazine, Rajasthan International Folk Festival, Førde International Folk Music Festival, Sfinks Mixed, Flamenco Biennale Nederland, Lotus World Music & Arts Festival, National Cowboy Poetry Gathering, Utah Arts Festival, San Francisco International Arts Festival, Globalquerque, Festival International de Lousiane, Festival Nuit du Suds, Zomer van Antwerpen, Abu Dhabi Culture & Heritage, Festival México Centro Histórico and other scenarios around Europe, United States, Asia, America and Middle East. Their 2004 album, Sí soy llanero (Smithsonian Folkways Recordings), was a Best Traditional World Music Album Nominee on 47th Annual Grammy Awards.

There varied music genres depending of regions such as: Joropo or Llanera music (from Los Llanos region of livestock culture, its lyrics are messages that express the values of the llaneran people, of European and Indigenous origin music genre, its subgenres are: Pasaje, Joropo central or Joropo tuyero, Joropo oriental, Joropo guayanés, Golpe tocuyano, Quirpa, Joropo llanero), Tambor (Afro- descendent music of mostly of Venezuelan coasts), Gaita Zuliana (the national Christmas music genre, from Zulia state, The topics covered in this genre performers range from love songs and religious figures to humorous and reporting issues. The political element is also starring in many subjects), Changa tuki (from Caracas; is an urban way of life, a form of electronic music that comprises dance, own urban clothing and music; the most representative is its dance, it is difficult and showy, recommended to watch, dance competences are made in different "matinees", its dancers are known as "tuki"; use hair's wicks yellow painted, red tight pants), Calypso made by Caribbean origin people in Southern Venezuela. Also have urban music such as salsa, reggaeton, Venezuelan rock, Venezuelan hip hop, Venezuelan ska, Venezuelan electronic, Venezuelan pop, Venezuelan classical, etc.

In the Páramo and the southern villages next to the Mocotíes area, the tradition and folklore of the mountains is expressed with native instruments; the so-called Peasant Music made up of genres such as waltz and string meringue are typical of the region. One more expression of the popular music of this land, originates in the Northern Towns or Pan-American Zone, whose afro-descendant roots give life to the Black music or percussion, a range of genres such as La Murga, the Chimbangle, the Drums, among others... each one inspired by legends, paraphrases or simply improvisation. Llanera music such as the Pasaje and Joropo that tell popular stories and the long days of work are not absent in Merida since due to the characteristics of the Panamerican Zone the popular genre of Venezuela is also felt; but not only in this zone since in the fields of the Mocotíes the Llanero feeling resonates with strength. The sounds of the aboriginal cultures move like the wind around the whole state, being its epicenter the towns of San Juan, Chiguará and Lagunillas where the ethnic roots of the Meridians still prevail as if time never passed.

The Guatopo National ParkParque Nacional Guatopo - Venezuela Tuya () Is a protected area with the status of national park in the north of the South American country of Venezuela. It is located specifically between the states of Miranda and Guárico, bordered on the north by the Cordillera de la Costa and the Barlovento Plain, on the south by the Piedemonte Llanero, on the east it borders on the continuation of the Serranía del Interior and The west with the continuation of the same Serranía and with the Valleys of the Tuy. These lands were owned by Don Pedro de Ponte Andrade Jaspe and Montenegro, registered, bought in 1687 by Don Francisco Araujo de Figueroa and Don Diego Fenandez de la Mota and sold to Don Pedro de Ponte Andrade Jaspe and Montenegro in 1701 by the widow Maria Araujo Of Figueroa heiress of Captain Diego Fernandez de la Mota. These lands were declared a national park in 1958 and expropriated by the Venezuelan government in accordance with Presidential Decree No. 257 of April 8, 1960, published in Official Gazette No. 26230 of April 11, 1960.