Unlike her forbearers however, Zurawski draws a faint line between these two modes, opting to forego the conspicuous delineation of prose-block narrative and lineated poetry.
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Libro No. 1, 1972 is representative in this regard: 37 pages of narrow black rectangles, lineated and clustered together in groups that resemble inverted bar graphs, as well as redacted stanzas of poetry.
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J. Michael Martinez's third book, "Museum of the Americas," won the 2017 National Poetry Series Competition, but its contents are unapologetically, excitingly hybrid, including prose, lineated verse, vintage postcards and black-and-white photographs.
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" This, in turn, is followed by the songlike "Daisy Serenade," a lineated poem full of wordplay riffing on, among other things, the "Daisy" ad's voice-over, featuring President Johnson's twist on Auden's "We must love one another or die.
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The Van Eyck Formation, which is the most distinctive of the circum-Caloris stratigraphic units, was called the Caloris lineated terrain by Trask and Guest. It is named after the Van Eyck crater. The Van Eyck Formation has a lineated facies and a secondary-crater facies. The lineated facies extends from the Caloris Montes as much as about 1,000 km.
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Lasioglossum lineatulum, the lineated metallic-sweat bee, is a species of sweat bee in the family Halictidae.
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Furrow-like ridges are observed along these flows, and are interpreted as having been incised by longitudinal flows originating from the degrading upstream material. In some parts of the lineated valley flows in the Phlegra Montes region sinuous ridges (interpreted as eskers) are observed, which have been observed on Earth when glacial meltwater incises exposed downstream terrains. Because ring mold craters have been observed atop these lineated valley flows, this implies that these landforms are enriched with ice. Researchers have noted that at least one major lineated valley fill in the southern Phlegra range appears to only partially fill a previously-incised valley, suggesting that the lineated valley fills observed in the Phlegra Montes were not associated with the initial formation of these valleys.
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The lineated deposits known as lineated valley fill are probably rock-covered glaciers that are found on the floors most channels within the fretted terrain found around Arabia Terra in the northern hemisphere. Their surfaces have ridged and grooved materials that deflect around obstacles. Lineated floor deposits may be related to lobate debris aprons, which have been proven to contain large amounts of ice by orbiting radar. For many years, researchers interpreted that features called 'lobate debris aprons' were glacial flows and it was thought that ice existed under a layer of insulating rocks.
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The Discovery quadrangle includes some of the most distinctive relief-forming material on the planet, the hilly and lineated terrain unit mapped by Trask and Guest. The unit consists of a jumble of evenly spaced hills and valleys about equal in size. Most craters within this material appear to predate its formation, and their ages cannot be estimated: their rims have been disrupted into hills and valleys identical to those of the hilly and lineated unit; the floors of some of these degraded craters contain hummocky plains material that resembles the hilly and lineated unit, except that the hills are fewer and lower. The hilly and lineated unit and the enclosed hummocky plains unit appear to be relatively young; they may be the same age as the Caloris Basin.
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Lineated floor deposits may be related to lobate debris aprons, which have been shown by orbiting radar to contain large amounts of ice.
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The lineated woodpecker (Dryocopus lineatus) is a very large woodpecker which is a resident breeding bird from Mexico south to northern Argentina and on Trinidad.
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Lineated valley fill is common in the middle latitudes, especially near the northern dichotomy boundary. The Nilosyrtis Mensae, Protonilus Mensae and Deuteronilus Mensae bear many examples of LVF. Ismenius Lacus quadrangle and Hellas quadrangle contain many valleys displaying lineated valley fill. LVF and other ice-related forms are collectively known as fretted terrain, which includes winding and straight valleys with isolating plateaus and mesas.
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The terrain of Guinevere Planitia is, although seemingly flat, full of extensional tectonic structures.Complex ridge terrain in Guinevere Planitia consists of embayed remnants of material that have undergone extensive deformation. Lineated materials contain one dominant orientation of tectonic features, and complexly lineated materials contain two or more tectonic fabrics. Ridge terrain includes the oldest materials found in this region and are often referred to as tessera.
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Lineated woodpeckers chip out holes, often quite large, while searching out insects in trees. They mainly eat insects, especially ants, beetles and their larvae, with some seeds, such as from Heliconia, and fruits, berries, and nuts. Lineated woodpeckers breed March–April in Panama, April–May in Belize, and February–April in Trinidad and Suriname. Nest cavities are excavated in dead trees at variable heights, from above the ground.
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The crimson-crested woodpecker somewhat resembles the pileated woodpecker of North America, but may be confused in its own range with the lineated woodpecker. The lineated woodpecker is the only bird of similar plumage and size. In that species, the white face line is narrower, and the white shoulder lines do not meet on the back. Crimson-crested woodpeckers chip out holes, often quite large, while searching out insects in trees.
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This species is closely related to, and fills the same ecological niche in Europe as, the pileated woodpecker of North America and the lineated woodpecker of South America.
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The lineated barbet (Psilopogon lineatus) is an Asian barbet native to the Terai, the Brahmaputra basin to Southeast Asia. It is a frugivore and nests in holes of tree trunks.
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The whorls are bicarinated. The carinae are distant. The interspaces are concave, spirally closely lineated, concentrically striated. The color of the shell is brownish or yellowish, variegated with reddish flammules.
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Both sexes and immature birds are similar. This species resembles lineated barbet, but is smaller, has the distinctive green ear patch, a darker bill and a dark, rather than yellow, eye-ring.
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The length of the shell varies between 14 mm and 17 mm. The shell isovately oblong. Its color is reddish brown. The whorls are onvex, lineated spirally, ribbed longitudinally, ribs almost obsolete.
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Sci Lett: 241. 663-671.Levy, J. et al. 2007. Lineated valley fill and lobate debris apron stratigraphy in Nilosyrtis Mensae, Mars: Evidence for phases of glacial modification of the dichotomy boundary. J. Geophys. Res.
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The lineated foliage-gleaner (Syndactyla subalaris) is a species of bird in the family Furnariidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.
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Dalyia is a pterobranch known from the middle Cambrian Burgess shale. It was previously interpreted as a red alga. It has smooth or faintly lineated stems, which branch into up to four equal branches at branching points.
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Glaciers have also been reported in a number of larger Martian craters in the mid-latitudes and above. Reull Vallis with lineated floor deposits. Location is Hellas quadrangle Glacier-like features on Mars are known variously as viscous flow features, Martian flow features, lobate debris aprons, or lineated valley fill, depending on the form of the feature, its location, the landforms it is associated with, and the author describing it. Many, but not all, small glaciers seem to be associated with gullies on the walls of craters and mantling material.
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Hapke and others have suggested that the dark-albedo materials associated with the Tolstoj Basin margins are distinctly bluer than the surrounding terrain, whereas the plains filling the interior are distinctly redder. Despite Tolstoj’s great age and its embayment by the ancient inter- crater plains, it retains an extensive and remarkably well preserved, radially lineated ejecta blanket around two-thirds of its circumference. The ejecta tends to be blocky and only weakly lineated between the inner and outer rings. Radial lineations with a slight swirly pattern are best seen on the southwest side of Tolstoj.
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The Tolstoj basin is used to define a time-stratigraphic system, the Tosltojan system, with the age of around 4.0–3.9 billion years. The older system (< 4.0 billion years) is called pre-Tosltojan, while the younger is called Calorian (3.9–3.5 billion years). Despite Tolstoj’s great age and its embayment by the ancient inter-crater plains, it retains an extensive and remarkably well preserved, radially lineated ejecta blanket around two-thirds of its circumference. The ejecta tends to be blocky and only weakly lineated between the inner and outer rings.
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The placement of the helmeted woodpecker in the genus Celeus was accepted by the International Ornithologists' Union. Its genetic position indicates that it has evolved to mimic the lineated woodpecker (Dryocopus lineatus), whose range it shares, by adopting similar plumage.
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Valleys cross-cut the Phlegra ranges and are occasionally occupied to some degree by lineated valley fills. These landforms are intricately-patterned texturations that appears to demonstrate erosive characteristics in the upland, depositional characteristics in the lowlands, and indicators of directional flow between the two. In some valleys, lineated valley fills have been found to descend both the east and west foothills of the Phlegra mountain range system. These fills are sometimes banded by hummocky pits (interpreted as recessional moraines) and display regions where flow patterns appear turbulently disrupted or appear to have been backfilled by material associated with the flow.
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Morgan, G. et al. 2009. Lineated valley fill (LVF) and lobate debris aprons (LDA) in the Deuteronilus Mensae northern dichotomy boundary region, Mars: Constraints on the extent, age, and episodicity of Amazonian glacial events. Icarus: 202. 22–38.Head, J., et al. 2006.
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The length of the shell attains 16 mm. The shell is narrowly and distantly longitudinally ribbed, transversely very finely corded. It is whitish, lineated and banded with chestnut.G.W. Tryon (1884) Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species, vol.
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When the glaciers are in the valleys they are called lineated valley fill.Morgan, G. and J. Head III. 2009. Sinton crater, Mars: Evidence for impact into a plateau icefield and melting to produce valley networks at the Hesperian-Amazonian boundary. Icarus: 202. 39–59.
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For many years researchers suspected that glaciers exist under a layer of insulating rocks. Lineated valley fill is one example of these rock-covered glaciers. They are found on the floors of some channels. Their surfaces have ridged and grooved materials that deflect around obstacles.
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The presence of these features is strongly indicative of a glacial origin. Some researchers have proposed that portions of the Phlegra Montes region were covered by a kilometers-thick glacier in the late Amazonian (within the last few hundreds of millions of years), with the retreat of the glacier responsible for the concentric crater fill and lineated valley fill morphologies. It is possible but not necessary to evoke the presence of a regional ice sheet when explaining these morphologies. There is also evidence of later, superposing lineated valley fills originating from far thinner localized Alpine-like glaciation events that occurred after the retreat of this extremely thick glacial event.
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Beethoven has only one, subdued massif-like rim in diameter, but displays an impressive, well lineated ejecta blanket that extends as far as . As at Tolstoj, Beethoven ejecta is asymmetric. The Caloris basin is defined by a ring of mountains in diameter.McCauley J.F. (1977) PEPI 15, 220.
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In addition, they lie almost directly opposite that basin on the planet. Both observations strengthen the suggestion that the hilly and lineated unit and the hummocky plains unit are directly related to the formation of Caloris, possibly through the focusing of seismic waves at the antipodal point.
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Madagasikara johnsoni was originally discovered and described (under the name Melanatria johnsoni) by Edgar Albert Smith in 1882. The shell is large, elongate-pyramidal, turreted, thick, covered with an olive epidermis. It is closely lineated or strigate with longitudinal lines of a darker tint. The shell has nine whorls.
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The size of an adult shell varies between 35 mm and 55 mm. The whorls are corded below the suture, with a constriction below the cord. The color of the shell is yellowish white, flexuously lineated with chestnut, the corded portion white.George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol.
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They are sometimes zigzag, instead of being broken into spots or interrupted by the sculpture. This species is striped, the other lineated. Just within the outer lip are two borders, one of yellow, the other of green variegated by red spots. This edging is minutely tubercled like shagreen.
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Skolithos from Kraków am See, Germany. Skolithos (formerly spelled Scolithus or Skolithus) is a common trace fossil ichnogenus that is, or was originally, an approximately vertical cylindrical burrow. It is produced by a variety of organisms in shallow marine environments globally and appear as lineated features in sedimentary rocks.
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The size of an adult shell varies between 20 mm and 45 mm. The shell is smooth with a body whorl more or less constricted above. The spire is sometimes very short, and sometimes long. The color of the shell is whitish or yellowish brown, thickly flexuously longitudinally lineated with chestnut or chocolate.
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The size of an adult shell varies between 50 mm and 75 mm. The color of the shell is yellowish brown, nexuously lineated with chestnut, under a thick olivaceous brown epidermis. The whorls are constricted above, slightly nodulously longitudinally plicate below, and flexuously longitudinally striate. The color of the aperture is brownish.
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The length of the shell attains 5 mm. The whorls are sharply angulated, with a few sharp narrow longitudinal ribs, crossing the shoulder to the suture, no revolving striae. The shell is yellowish brown, lineated with pale chestnut.G.W. Tryon (1884) Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species, vol.
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The ridge terrain is generally referred to as mottled, lineated plains which are generally large expanses of rolling topography that contain a small variety of volcanic domes, shields, cones, and flows. The mottled nature of the ridges is a result of ponding of flows and flow deposits in regions of low slopes.
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In 2010, James L. Dickson and James W. Head (Brown University) and David R. Marchant (Boston University) characterized a crater in the neighborhood of the Phlegra Montes that was superposed by a second, smaller crater. Rather than bearing morphologies of the concentric crater fills observed throughout most of this region, characteristics similar to that of lineated valley fills and lobate debris aprons were observed within this second perched crater. This double crater system formed on the contact between the Phlegra Montes debris apron and the Vastitas Borealis Formation. Although the smaller crater is perched on the larger crater's rim, the morphological characteristics of the lineated valley fills within this second crater imply that it was back-filled with ice- rich material filling the much deeper basin.
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Hilly, lineated terrain at the antipode of Caloris. Close up of the chaotic terrain. The giant impact believed to have formed Caloris may have had global consequences for the planet. At the exact antipode of the basin is a large area of hilly, grooved terrain, with few small impact craters that are known as chaotic terrain (also "weird terrain").
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The height of the shell attains 39 mm. The umbilicated shell is large, polished, solid, and contains 8 whorls. It is straw-yellow lineated with red-brown, and has a broad rose-colored peripheral band. The walls of the umbilicus are marked with incremental lines, slightly excavated near the carina, above convex, the convexity revolving with the whorl.
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A stratigraphic and structural comparison between the Caloris and Orientale Basins has been made by McCauley (1977). In the Shakespeare quadrangle, only a lineated facies of the Van Eyck Formation is recognized, whereas in the Tolstoj quadrangle to the south, both it and a secondary crater facies are mapped (Schaber and McCauley, 1980; McCauley and others, 1981).
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The male has a red head and crest; the female is similar, but the crest and throat are black. The female can be distinguished from the lineated woodpecker by the absence of a white facial stripe. This bird has a characteristic drumming with two quick powerful taps. Its calls include nasal rattles and a ' breeding call.
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The size of the shell varies between 25 mm and 60 mm. The short spire is conical and tuberculate. The color of the shell is uniformly brown, lineated with chocolate, with sometimes longitudinal white maculations forming a broad central interrupted band, and a few additional maculations on other portions of the surface. The base of the shell is subgranularly striate.
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The size of the shell varies between 16 mm and 65 mm. The short spire is conical and tuberculate. The color of the shell is chestnut-brown, lineated with chocolate, with sometimes longitudinal white maculations forming a broad central interrupted band, and a few additional maculations on other portions of the surface. The base of the shell is subgranularly striate.
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Pitted surfaces abound and—in addition to the disrupted surfaces—are typically associated with the degradation of a glacial surface near the glacier's terminus. A lineated valley fill within a graben in the southern Phlegra Montes, descending down the massifs' western piedmont. HRSC digital terrain model. This particular landform was examined in detail by Colman Gallagher and Matthew Balme in a 2015 study.
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The inner boundary is approximately the outer limit of crater excavation.H-8 text_all.word The Caloris Montes are similar to the so-called Imbrium sculpture on the Moon. It is generally believed that this type of lineated surface feature resulted from excavations by secondary projectiles when the large basins were formed and, possibly, fracturing and faulting of the planet's crust during the basin formation.
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The pale-billed woodpecker is long and weighs . It resembles the lineated woodpecker, but is larger and more robust. The adult is mainly black above with a pale bill, bushy crest, and white lines down the shoulders which almost meet in a V on its back. The throat is black and the rest of the underparts are white, heavily barred with black.
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The length of the shell attains 16.5 mm, its diameter 5¾ mm. (Original description) The strong shell is broadly fusiform It is yellowish, painted and spirally lineated with red- brown. It contains nine whorls, of which about 2 form a smooth protoconch. The post-nuclear whorls are convex, with an undulated suture, accompanied by a subsutural rib or keel, below this a slight excavation.
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42% of the lava surrounding the volcano ranges from ropy, whorly, or lineated pāhoehoe to jumbled chaotic form. The remaining area is mostly pillow basalt. Colonial protozoans, bacterial mats, pogonophorans, metazoans, polychaetes, bivalves, tubeworms, copepods and many other organisms are found in the region where there are hydrothermal vents present in the caldera. This helps with the study of varying biodiversity at great depths.
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The major difference between grooves unit and dense lineated plains are that the former is belt-like and the latter is patch-like. It is very important to map these fractures, as sometimes the rock unit may be too deformed and is not recognizable, which it can be mapped as "fractured plains materials" according to the guidelines of Wilhelms (1990).Wilhelms, D.E., 1990. Geologic mapping.
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The length of the shell varies between 5 mm and 16 mm. The shell has five whorls in the teleoconch, transverse ribs and a fine granulous or frosty spiral sculpture. Its color is whitish, lineated spirally with yellow brown and often with some brown on the outside of the siphonal canal or on the columella. K. limonitella has the spire but a trifle shorter than the body whorl.
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Note narrow face stripe The lineated woodpecker is long. It resembles the closely related pileated woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus) of United States and Canada. Adults are mainly black above, with a red crest and whitish lines from the base of the bill, down the neck and shoulders (though individuals from the south-eastern part of its range commonly lack the line on the shoulders). The underparts are whitish, heavily barred with black.
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Some lyric essays take poetic forms, such as Anne Carson's "The Glass Essay," which is lineated and organized in tercets and quatrains. According to Mary Heather Noble, the lyric essay is open to exploration and experimentation, and allows for the discovery of an authentic narrative voice. Giannina Braschi's lyric essay "Ground Zero" (2008), first published in Evergreen Review, recounted the collapse of the World Trade Center with a stylistic blend of journalist and fantastical lyricism.
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McCauley J.F. et al. (1981) Icarus 47, 184 Individual massifs are typically to long; the inner edge of the unit is marked by basin-facing scarps. Lineated terrain extends for about out from the foot of a weak discontinuous scarp on the outer edge of the Caloris mountains; this terrain is similar to the sculpture surrounding the Imbrium basin on the Moon. Hummocky material forms a broad annulus about from the Caloris mountains.
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The coloring is different; both have a similar kind of marking, but in the present species the longitudinal rays or streaks are red, besides being broader and not half so many as in the other species. And they are sometimes zigzag, instead of being broken into spots or interrupted by the sculpture. This species is striped, the other lineated. Just within the outer lip are two borders, one of yellow, the other of green variegated by red spots.
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All low-lying areas and the areas between craters and basins in the Discovery quadrangle are covered by broadly level, plains-forming material, except for small areas covered by the hilly and lineated material and hummocky plains material described below. Tracts of plains materials range in size from a few kilometers across to intercrater areas several hundred kilometers in width. This material is probably not all of the same origin. Strom and othersStrom, R.G., Trask, N.J., & Guest, J.E. (1975).
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Examples of granite textures and mineralogy as seen in sawn-slabs from hand samples collected from granites of the Lachlan Fold Belt, Australia are shown. This includes enclaves of dark, lineated, ovoid, metamorphic rocks in the S-type Cooma Granodiorite. These enclaves are considered to represent restite by some researchers and meta-sedimentary xenoliths by others. The S-type Granya Granite shows the characteristic white feldspars, grey quartz, and black biotite, the highly reflective mineral is muscovite.
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Recent research has unveiled the presence of extensive thrust faulting bounding the massif terrains. Since the 2010s, researchers have proposed the presence of a significant late Amazonian glaciation event along the Martian northern mid-latitudes, citing the presence of lineated valley fills, lobate debris aprons, and concentric crater fills. The presence of ring mold craters imply that significant stores of water ice may continue to persist in these terrains. Features interpreted as eskers have been observed in the southern Phlegra Montes.
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Engine failure on take-off (EFTO) is a situation, when flying an aircraft, where an engine has failed, or is not delivering sufficient power, at any time between brake release and the wheels leaving the ground / V2. The phases of flight are de-lineated to allow simplified standard procedures for different aircraft types to be developed. If an aircraft suffered engine failure on takeoff, the standard procedure for most aircraft would be to abort the takeoff.Peppler, I.L.: From The Ground Up, page 327.
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Map 3023 However, there are some tessera-like deformations additional to the ridge belts, it suggests there are some possible overlapping of formation time in unit t and pr. In SAR images, pr units have noticeably higher radar backscatter than surrounding regional plains, but lower than tessera (t) and densely lineated plains (pdl) units. Ridges planes have older ages compared to surrounding regional plains (pr) due to the difference in radar albedo and embayment relationships suggested by McGill and Campbell (2006).McGill, G.E., Campbell, B.A., 2006.
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Although elephants and gibbons are fairly common, dholes and sambars are very rare. It is a harbour of many wild birds. Notable birds are red junglefowl (Gallus gallus), kalij pheasant (Lophura leucomelanos), lineated barbet (Magalaima lineata), oriental pied hornbill (Anthracoceros albirostris), Indian roller (Coracias benghalensis), cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis), great egret (Casmerodius albus), greater racket-tailed drongo (Dicrurus paradiseus), jungle myna (Acridotheres fuscus), large blue flycatcher (Cyornis magnirostris) etc. A camera trap project in 2014 captured first ever live photo of clouded leopard in wild in Bangladesh.
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Professor John Reid led six research students from Hampshire College and the University of Massachusetts Amherst in a follow-up study in 1995. They found highly congruent trails from stones that moved in the late 1980s and during the winter of 1992–93. At least some stones were proved beyond a reasonable doubt to have been moved in ice floes that may be up to wide. Physical evidence included swaths of lineated areas that could only have been created by moving thin sheets of ice.
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West-east-trending valleys score the Phlegra Montes region with a strike that is coincident with the orientation of graben to the west of the mountains, suggesting that regional extensional tectonism affected this region of Mars. Graben along this trend are also present in Galaxias Chaos and into Utopia Planitia. In the Phlegra Montes, some of these graben have been interpreted to host glaciers that have since given way to flow-like landforms called lineated valley fills (LVF). This is not considered a typical way for such landforms to occur on Mars.
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The history of the Shakespeare quadrangle as evidenced by materials exposed at the surface begins with the formation of intercrater plains material and of impact craters both older and younger than these plains. Some c1 and c2 craters were superposed on the intercrater plains. The intermediate plains material and lineated plains unit were emplaced over the intercrater plains, as were most craters of c3 age. Then followed the major asteroidal impact that produced the Caloris Basin and the emplacement of rocks of the Caloris Group around the basin.
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Alternatively, they may be associated with crater Verdi ejecta or with lineated and secondary-crater ejecta that flare southeastward from an unnamed crater north of and adjacent to the crater Nizami. Another morphologic feature that may be related to the Caloris Basin event consists of grooves on intercrater plains material and on the southwest- facing walls of craters such as Mansart. These grooves are as much as several kilometers long and several hundred meters wide. The direction of elongation of many small secondary craters also suggests an origin related to the Caloris event.
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This area and its antipode in the Discovery quadrangle are the only two on Mercury where tensional forces can now be seen to have shaped the surface. The Tolstoj Basin is encompassed by parts of at least three ragged and discontinuous inward-facing scarps. Lineated ejecta is best developed in the vicinity of and beyond the outer scarp, whereas blocky materials occur between the inner and outer scarps. These relations are similar to those around Caloris, although Tolstoj is less than half its size and is much more severely degraded by later impact cratering.
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Adult birds are in length, with a long () bill that is wide at the base and shaped like a chisel. Its head, lores and ear coverts are cinnamon-coloured, brightening to red on the crown and crest. The mantle, wings, upper back and nape are brownish-black, the lower back is cream and the underparts barred black and cream. The red crest, black back, and barred underside of the helmeted woodpecker resemble those of two larger woodpeckers—the lineated woodpecker (Dryocopus lineatus) and the robust woodpecker (Campephilus robustus)—a form of mimicry which helps prevent attacks by other animals.
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Like many members of their order, Piciformes, their nests are in holes bored into a tree, and they usually lay between 2 and 4 eggs, incubated for 13–15 days. There is generally not much interaction between Asian barbets and humans. Some species, such as the great barbet and the lineated barbet, will raid plantations and orchards, particularly in India, and there is some capture for the cage-bird trade due to their attractive coloration. Although none of the Asian barbets are considered threatened, several species are known to be intolerant of deforestation and require old-growth forest to thrive.
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The core of the Phlegra Montes is a series of sinuous massifs that are interpreted to be of Hesperian–Noachian age, a greatly degraded remnant of a northern section of the southern Martian highlands terrain. These terrains are pockmarked by steep alcoves and are cross-cut by putatively tectonically- formed valleys, which are populated by what have been termed lineated valley fills. In addition to the central massifs, a lobate debris apron (LDA) bounds the margins of the massif. Such debris aprons are better-known for their prevalence around the mesas of fretted terrains across the northern mid- latitudes of the planet.
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The presence of this unit suggests that the plains-forming process spanned much of the early geologic history of Mercury and continued long after the peak of cratering. In the southern part of Sobkou Planitia, intermediate plains have a lower albedo than the adjacent plains. In some places, they may simply represent areas of intercrater plains that have been partly flooded by the younger smooth plains material. Lineated plains material was recognized by Trask and Guest as forming terrain consisting of lines of hills and valleys, some of which are as much as 300 km long.
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Although rectilinear mountain massifs and the radially lineated facies of basin ejecta of the Caloris Group surround the Caloris Basin, similar units cannot be unambiguously recognized around the Goethe Basin (FDS 164). However, hilly and hummocky remnants resembling basin deposits and ejecta protrude above the gently sloping basin wall. They extend southwest and north of the basin beyond a much subdued, low, barely perceptible rim crest for a distance of one-half to one-third of the basin radius. Goethe is older than the smooth plains material by which its wall, rim crest, and most of its ejecta were partly buried.
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The circumbasin scarps around Caloris, Tolstoj, and Mozart are the most prominent structural features in the quadrangle. The main Caloris Montes scarp is thought to approximate the edge of the basin of excavation of Caloris and is probably a structural and stratigraphic counterpart of the Montes Rook scarp around the Orientale Basin on the Moon. A subdued outer scarp is present around most of the visible part of Caloris, better seen in the Shakespeare quadrangle to the north. This scarp is generally coincident with the transition between the massifs of the Caloris Montes Formation and the lineated facies of the Van Eyck Formation.
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Formation of intermediate and smooth plains materials may have been abetted by the c3 and c4 crater- and basin-forming events that opened up temporary magma conduits. One of the latest large impacts was the Caloris event, which occurred on the other side of the planet from the Discovery quadrangle and which may have initiated formation of the hilly and lineated material within it. Subsequent to formation of the smooth plains material, the Discovery quadrangle underwent minor tectonic adjustments that formed scarps on plains within craters. The very smooth plains unit was formed in some young craters.
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Caxaro's composition, following the line of Plato's own professional preferences, is shrouded in a linguistic and conceptual veil so as to incite us to an active surmise. Its very narrative construction prompts our latent curiosity to probe the hidden meaning under the apparently shallow surface. As opposed to a technical (“Aristotelico-Scholastic”) form, which is almost always intrinsically rigid and lineated, even if more immediate and direct, Caxaro's philosophy is given under the disguise of a narration which has a reality of its own. While Caxaro himself synthetically states his concepts, especially as regards the unpleasantness of illusion, he prefers to express himself under “deceptive” clothing.
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There are a major difference in terminology between the Stratigraphic Classification Scheme and Hansen (2005)'s mapping scheme, which Hansen (2005) suggested that "fold material" should be used instead of "plains with different surface features". It can be explained by three reasons: # "Plains" is not used to describe geological material, but surface physical features. # Also, according to fundamental geological mapping principles, secondary structure (such as lineated,ridged and wrinkled) should not be used to define geological units. # There is no evidence that the Venusian plains are volcanic products resulted from extensive flood lava Thus, in Hansen's mapping scheme (2005), plains are defined as flow from different local origins in regional mapping.
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They explained the abundance of these putative eskers near the Phlegra Montes to due to regionally high geothermal heat flux. The authors assert that this is the first instance in which an esker on Mars has been linked to a parent glacier. Also in 2015, an abstract was submitted to the 46th Lunar and Planetary Sciences Conference by German researchers Stephan van Gasselt, Csilla Orgel, Julia Schulz (Free University of Berlin), and Angelo Pio Rossi (Jacobs University Bremen) regarding an updated assessment of crater count age dates in the Phlegra Montes region. Estimates for the rate of denudation were offered for several units, including lineated valley fills in the Phlegra Montes region.
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Ancient fractures that were reactivated by later impacts may have first provided the conduits for crater fill (smooth plains material) and later been propagated upward through the fill. That these ridges, scarps, and troughs are parts of a global grid of fractures cannot be stated conclusively because of their proximity to the terminator and the lack of photographic coverage beyond the 190° meridian. Some scarps probably were formed by normal faulting of the smooth plains material that covers some crater floors, as in the Kuiper quadrangle (Scott and others, 1980). We cannot, however, determine whether most lineaments are internal or are parts of a faulted and lineated facies associated with a nearby but unphotographed impact basin.
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Apparent differences may be the result of resolution of the imaging system, and small viewing and illumination angles that do not allow inspection of the surface under varied conditions. Real differences may be the result of Mercury's size, gravitational field, proximity to the Sun, internal composition and structure, or timing of major volcanic episodes relative to the decrease in impact craters. Surface differences include the preservation of secondary craters around older craters and basins, and the absence of recognizable textured and lineated ejecta blankets such as those surrounding the Imbrium and Orientale Basins on the Moon. Possible differences in volcanic features include the absence of widespread dark mare-type deposits, volcanic domes and cones, and sinuous rilles.
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Thanks to its variety of habitats and its geographic position between the drier Yucatan and more humid Central American forests types, Shipstern hosts a large number of bird species, many of which are Yucatan endemics and can, in Belize, only be seen in Shipstern. Extensive research has shown that close to 300 species inhabit the area, among which the keel-billed toucan, the lineated woodpecker or the Yucatan jay (in Belize commonly known as Yucatan blue jay). In 1992, the American woodstorks returned as a breeding species to Shipstern Lagoon, and specific conservation measures were implemented to protect colonies. Over the years, these reached up to several hundred birds, but recently breeding has become erratic, which may be linked to water level fluctuations caused by human activities.
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The presence of ring-mold craters on the debris apron further supported the hypothesis that these geomorphological features are likely pure ice overlain by a very thin debris cover. A landform in the Phlegra Montes interpreted by some researchers to be eskers formed by the retreat of the glacial structure that produced its associated lineated valley fill. HiRISE. Image is across in the horizontal direction. In 2014, German researchers Stephan van Gasselt, Julia Schulz, and Csilla Orgel (Free University of Berlin) submitted abstracts to the European Geosciences Union General Assembly meeting in Vienna and the European Planetary Science Congress in Cascais, Portugal, tied to their work mapping the spatial distribution of and updating crater age dates on lobate debris aprons in the Phlegra Montes region.
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Age dates placed nearly all the lobate debris aprons features around the ranges between 1.06 Ga (in the south) and 515 Ma (in the north) in age. The motivation of this work is to identify obliquity-driven climatic shifts, which control the accumulation of ice-rich materials at higher latitudes. In 2015, Colman Gallagher (University College Dublin) and Matthew Balme (Open University) reported on a series of features they observed within a lineated valley fill in the southern Phlegra Montes, most notably interpreting a series of sinuous ridges as eskers in the fill's eastern piedmont. Such landforms are abundant on Earth and are typically indicative of warm and wet climatic conditions known to have been absent on Mars in the late Amazonian period.
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The Caloris Montes Formation, which was informally called the Caloris mountains terrain by Trask and Guest, consists of a jumbled array of smooth-appearing but highly segmented mountain massifs that rise 1-2 km above the surrounding terrain. These massifs mark the crestline of the most prominent scarp or ring of the Caloris Basin and grade outward into smaller blocks and lineated terrain. The Caloris Montes Formation is very similar in morphology to and is considered the equivalent of the massif facies of the Montes Rook Formation around the Orientale Basin. The Caloris Montes is interpreted as basin rim deposits consisting of ejecta from deep within Caloris that is mixed with but generally overlies uplifted and highly fractured prebasin bedrock.
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These craters have been included in a separate facies of the Van Eyck Formation because of their regional stratigraphic significance. It is noteworthy that this lineated terrain occurs near the foot of the Caloris Montes, whereas similar units of the Imbrium Basin on the Moon occur farther from the basin rim. Such a difference in extent is to be expected because mercurian gravity is two and a half times greater than lunar gravity, and ejecta would fall closer to its source than ejecta from a similar-size basin on the Moon.Gault, D. E., Guest, J. E., Murray, J. B., Dzurisin, Daniel, and Malin, M. C., 1975, Some comparisons of impact craters on Mercury and the Moon: Journal of Geophysical Research, v.
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In 1979, Steve Squyres of Cornell University noted the presence of mass wasting-derived structures in Nilosyrtis Mensae and Protonilus Mensae and generalized this report to identify what he termed "lobate debris aprons" on any scarp subject to sufficient seasonal ice deposition. He also claimed that any lobate debris apron constrained to the pathway of a narrow valley would manifest as a "lineated valley fill". The Phlegra Montes was noted in particular by Squyres as a site in the northern lowlands where these features were concentrated outside zones of fretted terrain. In 1985, James H. Moore of Arizona State University published an abstract for the 16th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (held in The Woodlands, Texas) proffering interpretations of the Phlegra Montes' origin based on topographic and gravity data.
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This unit modified older large craters and intercrater plains. Its features are similar to those of the lunar Imbrium sculpture (Gilbert 1893) and to the hills and valleys radial to the Nectaris Basin on the Moon (Stuart-Alexander, 1971). The lineations were probably formed in a similar way to those of the Imbrium sculpture, which resulted from excavation by projectiles ejected at low angles from the Imbrium Basin; however, some of the mercurian valleys may be the result of faulting. Most of the lineated material in the Shakespeare quadrangle appears to be subradial to an ancient basin lying between Odin Planitia and Budh Planitia centered at latitude 28° N., longitude 158° W. However, except for its northernmost exposure, the surface of this unit is mantled by a facies of the Odin Formation.
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As a contribution to the vast wildlife of the Mainpuri District, Mr. Shashank Raghav have shared his experience of birding in the nearby areas where he has found many different species of birds not commonly seen, which includes Sarus Cranes and Black Necked Stork as well as sharp hunters like Egyptian Vulture, Sparrow Hawk, Black Shouldered Kite, Crested Serpent Eagle and Black Kite. Some Small species of birds are also residing in nearby areas of the Sanctuary like Magpie Robin, Rufous Fronted Prinia, Little Green Bee-eater, Tailor Bird and Ashy Prinia. Indian Grey Hornbill, Lineated Barbet, Yellow Footed Green Pigeon and Asian Openbill are some of the species which are not common for an area like this. Mr. Shashank Raghav is a part-time wildlife photographer having interest in birding.
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A simple Venus global strata base on Ivanov and Head's model (2011). (Note that it is just a simple global strata, not every region on Venus has this strata.) Under the Global stratigraphic Classification Scheme, by correlating the units mentioned above (Mikhail A. Ivano and James W. Head, 2011), the researchers suggested three phases of Venusian geological history: (1) The earliest period, Fortunian Period, involved intensive formation of tessera (t) (building of thick crust at the same time). (2) Then, it came to Guinevere Period, which firstly, there was formation of Atropos (dense lineated plains, pdl), Lavinia (Ridged plains, pr), Akna (Mountain belts, mb), and Agrona (groove belt, gb). Later, there was global emplacement of Accruva (shied plains, psh), Rusalka (lower regional plains, rp1), and Ituana (upper regional plains, rp2) Formations.
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The northernmost strand of the western fault set, the Ross Lake fault itself, is a vertical zone of horizontally-lineated mylonite that separates upper-amphibolite-facies rocks of the Cascades crystalline core from sub-greenschist-facies rocks to the east. Some dextral shear and 6–12 km of NE-side down normal slip occurred from 50(?) to post-45 Ma. At Elijah Ridge, the Ross Lake fault steps westward across a gently dipping extensional zone to the Gabriel Peak tectonic belt. This approximately 100 kilometer long, northeast-dipping mylonite zone is dominated by flattening, but kinematic indicators record dextral shear in the north and reverse shear farther south. This transpressional deformation occurred from 65 Ma (and earlier?) to 58 Ma when at least 7–24 km of dextral slip was probably transferred to the eastern faults by ENE-striking shear zones.
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They are capable of taking down prey as large as Tapir but appear to be reclusive and uninterested in human activity. Tamandua anteater Most animal sightings can be expected on the coastal track, with scarlet macaws (the largest population in the country) flying overhead, hermit crabs on the beach, pelicans fishing in the sea and, on the sections that go slightly inland, spider monkeys (take care not to get urinated on when they are in a tree overhead), tamandua anteaters, pumas, white faced capuchin monkeys, lineated woodpeckers and coatis (to name just a few). With luck one might even spot a tapir, even though they are nocturnal. Corcovado is also a good place to spot the red-eyed tree frog, as well as the glass frog with its transparent skin, and the enamel-bright poison-arrow frogs.
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Coarsely lineated ejecta blankets from Beethoven and Raphael basins dominate the southern part of the map area. The crater wall of Beethoven is buried by its ejecta blanket and by plains materials. Although the ejecta blankets from both basins are extensive, they are highly asymmetrical and deeply embayed in places by intercrater plains and younger plains units. These embayment relations, together with the discontinuous and subdued appearance of the rim crests and interior walls of the basins, suggest that they are relatively old impact structures. Morphologic appearances may be misleading on Mercury, however, because of the planet’s high temperature and gravity field compared with, for example, those of the Moon. Both of these conditions may promote, particularly on large structures, more rapid isostatic adjustments that would be expressed by subdued topography and the premature “aging” of once-large topographic features.
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No material similar to either the lineated or the secondary-crater facies of the Van Eyck Formation, the most distinctive and distant unit of the Caloris Group (McCauley and others, 1981), can be unambiguously identified in the Borealis region. A few rounded hills or knobs, too small to be mapped, are present; they are morphologically similar to blocks of the Odin Formation surrounding the Caloris Basin in the Shakespeare quadrangle (Guest and Greeley, 1983), and to features of the Alpes Formation around the Imbrium Basin on the Moon. Two of the most striking of these knobs are possibly long and across; they rise above smooth plains material that fills a much degraded, unmapped, irregular crater at 69° N., 157° W. (FDS 088). These knobs are about northeast of Caloris Montes and may represent Caloris Basin ejecta.
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She earned degrees from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Vermont College of Fine Arts. She is an associate professor at Northern Vermont University, where she is Editor-in- Chief of Green Mountains Review, and is also a member of the MFA faculty at the University of Nebraska, Omaha. Literary journals that have published her work include American Poetry Review, Missouri Review, Ploughshares, and Seneca Review, and has received critical attention in The San Francisco Chronicle, The Washington Independent Review of Books, Best American Poetry Blog, The Florida Review, Poetry Northwest, and on Vermont Public Radio, among others. Willy Loman's Reckless Daughter: Living Truthfully Under Imaginary Circumstances, which is built on the premise of Willy Loman having an illegitimate daughter, was listed under "Books We Loved" in 2016 in The New Yorker, calling it "a daring hybrid collection that deftly melds lineated verse, agile prose, and striking monologues".
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