I've never seen a lay person wash their hands properly.
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To a lay person, the language of this email certainly sounds serious.
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Perhaps, though, the explanation wouldn't have made any sense to a lay person.
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But for a lay person like myself, it's hard to get the passion.
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I've spent a little time trying to figure this out as a lay person.
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Is that your experience and is that something you can help the lay person understand?
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"This is a concept that the average lay person can understand," Ellis told Business Insider.
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Yeah, it's kind of mind-boggling to any lay person or civilian out there seeing that.
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The best experts are often bilingual: They speak the language of the expert and of the lay person.
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Get it looked at and pruned regularly to make sure there's no hazardous condition a lay person might overlook.
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A vet should diagnose any parasites, allergies or infections, but these are general health signs that a lay person can recognize.
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Here you are running a big company like Hooli ... Yes, I am, relatively speaking, for a lay person who doesn't work in tech.
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I'm not a lawyer, but as a lay person and as a trans woman, I couldn't get over the ridiculousness of the whole thing.
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As a lay person, I wonder if promoting economic growth or fighting inequality might be even more important as ways to protect the future?
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But while the "Coffee Thyme" result might seem novel to a lay person, it wasn't unexpected to the people who put the poll together.
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"In 50 years of the United Methodist Church, I am not aware of any complaint against a lay person moving beyond that stage," Lawrence said.
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"Green iguanas left to their own are not dangerous but if a lay person tries to grab a four foot animal it's going to defend itself."
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" His testimony, she said, "was something that, as a lay person, you could watch and start to grasp the enormity of how your data is used.
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Another amendment, offered by McKnight and also approved by the bishops, makes clear that the Metropolitan should appoint a lay person to help run the investigation itself.
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One cell in the convent is renowned as the home, from 1934 to his death in 1977, of Giorgio La Pira, twice mayor of Florence and a Dominican lay person.
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"This, in my opinion, is too sophisticated for a lay person to go into" without the help of a financial advisor, said Matt Chancey, an investment advisor in Orlando, Florida.
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A self-described "lay-person" Catholic, Lanigan-Schmidt reacts to a loss of the magnificent rituals he remembers from childhood after the Second Vatican Council modernized the church in the 1960s.
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Or in lay-person English: The physicists checked the correlation between van Gogh's paintings and natural turbulence, using Kolmogorov's model of turbulence to determine the degree of "realism" contained in the paintings.
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Luke Dormehl is the rare lay person — a journalist and filmmaker — who actually understands the science (and even the math) and is able to parse it in an edifying and exciting way.
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"That's a very good solution for a lay person because they're protected, flat, there's an amount of cushioning," she said, using white gloves and small metal tools to look through Mr. Omari's notebook.
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The complaints suggested Williams' nipples were too visible through her shirt, which I assume, as a lay person with no tennis knowledge, was chosen for comfort, range of motion, and maybe sweat-wicking ability.
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A lay person can certainly follow the steps it takes to make holy water, but it's agreed that water is only truly "holy" when it's been blessed by an ordained member of the Church.
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This God-given ability to perform what to the lay person would be described as an exorcism became more and more popular going in the 90s when the Satanic Panic movement was at its height.
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Religious groups are also allowed to give faith-based instruction in public schools: It's not uncommon for a small-town pastor, priest or lay person to have a spot on the local high school faculty.
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Pope Francis named first women to key Vatican department Four women - three nuns and one lay person - became councillors in the office of synods, which prepares major meetings of world bishops held every few years. 7.
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"What (Trump) says goes short of being defined as hate, but in the hearts and minds of the lay person is translated as hate," Mejindarpal Kaur, international legal director of global advocacy organization United Sikhs, told CNN.
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The four-member council, which included a lay person and a lawyer, rejected Justice Zabel's explanation that the campaign hat and comments he made about Mr. Trump in court were just jokes about an unexpected election result.
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"I'm not aware of any circumstance in the 50-year history of The United Methodist Church when a complaint against a lay person moved beyond the stage of its resolution by a district superintendent or a pastor," Rev.
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And the intercessions, a part of the Mass where a lay person stands at the altar and reads through a list of prayer intentions, reflected the gravity of the crisis in the church and the depth of the pain behind it.
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Esther Miller, an abuse survivor who received part of the 2007 settlement from the archdiocese, said that for many Catholics, especially children at Catholic schools, the power wielded by a clergy member or an influential lay person could carry similar weight.
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"I really never would have thought I'd be working on charges against anybody in the Methodist connection, much less a lay person," Pastor David Wright, who organized the effort to charge Sessions, told the United Methodist Church's news service (UMNS).
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"It's easy for a lay person to say a $9-a-month premium isn't a big deal, but what people forget is we're talking about incredibly impoverished citizens," said Koch, who noted that patients who fail to pay those premiums will face lockout periods with no coverage for 6 months.
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It has so many different pieces and components, and the non-scientists, the lay person, could explain what Amazonian deforestation has to do with deforestation, has to do with the melting ice sheets, has to do with the wildfires in California, has to do with Syria, but it's not easy.
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To the lay person it would appear as a long, tartan, shoulder-cape.
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Lay confession is confession in the religious sense, made to a lay person.
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He was the third lay person to serve as Rector of the UCLouvain (2004–2009).
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He has also been featured in the course of study in Buddhism as an eminent lay person.
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He is the only lay person to serve as President of the Standing Committee of the Diocese of East Tennessee.
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Key features are the weekly celebration of the Lord's Supper presided over by a lay person and a commitment to believer's baptism.
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Nevertheless, in England churchwardens have authority to officiate at Morning and Evening Prayer if a priest or licensed lay person is unavailable.
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"Thursday General Session: What Can a Lay Person do to Protect Religious Freedom? – Neill F. Marriott", International Center for Law and Religion Studies, Utah, 2018. Retrieved on 15 August 2019.
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Nativity of Our Lord High School, commonly called Nativity High School, was established in Detroit, Michigan in 1914. The Dominican Sisters from Racine, Wisconsin and one lay person taught at the school.
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His most recent book The Rise and Fall of the Dinosaurs: A New History of a Lost World (2018), written for the adult lay person, won widespread acclaim, and was a New York Times bestseller.
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There are eleven annual obligations for a year and some obligations for once in a life which should be completed by Jain lay person individually or in a group. They are prescribed by Shravak Pragyapti.
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Encapsulating software behind an interface allows the construction of objects that mimic the behavior and interactions of objects in the real world. For example, a simple digital alarm clock is a real-world object that a lay person can use and understand. They can understand what the alarm clock does, and how to use it through the provided interface (buttons and screen), without having to understand every part inside of the clock. Similarly, if the clock were replaced by a different model, the lay person could continue to use it in the same way, provided that the interface works the same.
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The Court first acknowledged that generally a lay person is not competent to opine as to medical etiology or render medical opinions. The Court, however, pointed out that a lay person is competent to observe symptomatology and identify medical conditions in certain circumstances. In the present case, the Court held that the Veteran was able to identify varicose veins that are unnaturally distended or abnormally swollen and tortuous. The Court explained that because varicose veins may be diagnosed by their unique and readily identifiable features, determining the presence of varicose veins is not “medical in nature” and can be made through lay observation.
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A daily minyan service is held in the chapel and is usually led by a lay person, though occasionally the clergy will lead. Students of the Youth Education Program also attend a student and parent service on Sunday mornings in the chapel.
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The Kitzur Shulchan Aruch (קיצור שולחן ערוך), first published in 1864, is a work of halacha written by Rabbi Shlomo Ganzfried. The work was written in simple Hebrew, making it easy for the lay person to understand, and leading to its great popularity.
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For example, a lay person may request a name-brand medication because they have heard of it before, even though a generic drug may be essentially the same but less expensive. Medical professionals are much more likely to use scientific facts to prescribe treatments.
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Network theory has been found recently useful to identify bottlenecks in city traffic. Network science is the topic of many conferences in a variety of different fields, and has been the subject of numerous books both for the lay person and for the expert.
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Internationally, the Community is led by a General Moderator (always a lay person), helped by an International Council, both elected for a 3-year mandate. The national sections ("provinces") of the Community are led by a national person-in- charge, nominated by the International Council.
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Lay communion is a term applied in the Catholic Church, to describe the status of a cleric who is in communion with the Church, but only with the standing of a lay person. In modern times lay communion is sometimes imposed, but only in exceptional cases.
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Two of the persons must either be a nurse or a midwife. Generally the board will select persons who are peers of the relevant person. The other person on the tribunal must be a lay person (i.e. a person who is not a nurse or midwife).
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Elliot was the first woman moderator and the first lay person to hold the office since George Buchanan in 1567. Other notable ministers of Greyfriars include the Covenanters, Robert Douglas, Robert Traill, and Gilbert Rule; the statesman, William Carstares; the philanthropist, Thomas Guthrie; and the liturgical reformer, Robert Lee.
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Upon the ordination she adopted the name of Dhammarakhita Samaneri. The Abbess of the nunnery was Dhammananda Bhikkhuni (Professor Chatsumarn Kabilasinga), who is also the first Theravada bhikkhuni in Thailand. Dhammarakhita graduated with a business degree in Australia. As a lay person she worked as a secretary and translator.
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Mental Health Review Tribunals (MHRTs) hear appeals against detention under the Act. Their members are appointed by the Lord Chancellor and include a doctor, a lawyer and a lay person (i.e. neither a doctor nor a lawyer). Detained persons have the right to be represented at MHRTs by a solicitor.
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Anne Marguerite Squire née Park (1921–2017), 31st Moderator of the United Church of Canada from 1986 to 1988, was the first female lay person elected to that post. Her time as Moderator was marked by controversy over the question of whether members of the LGTBQ community should be ordained.
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Robert Baird McClure FRCS (Edin.) FICS (November 23, 1900 - November 10, 1991) was a Canadian physician, medical missionary, and was elected Moderator of the United Church of Canada by the 23rd General Council in Kingston, Ontario in 1968. He was the first lay person to be elected to this position.
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The IERE has a democratic, synodical (parliamentary) polity. The Synod is the highest authority in the Church; the laity and clergy have equal representation in it. The parishes are represented by one cleric and by one lay person. The Synod elects the Standing Committee, which governs the Church between synods.
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National Hurricane Center. Retrieved on 2009-02-08. Professionals are required to interpret the model data into weather forecasts that are understandable to the lay person. Professionals can use knowledge of local effects which may be too small in size to be resolved by the model to add information to the forecast.
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Penn and Goudeau turned down offers by CBS to run repeats to cover their vacation days. Typically Penn tried to do a remote broadcast if he was away from Las Vegas on business. Alternatively, Penn and Goudeau prerecorded interviews with comics headlining in Vegas and did extended "Lay Person Penns" for later broadcast.
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Lay tithes were a term for tithes that instead of going to the Catholic church, would go to a lay person This was either a form of rent to a landlord or, more controversially, ecclesiastical tithes that had been alienated from the parish or monastery that it had originally been intended for.
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These, however, need not be monks and nuns. The vows of individual liberation are taken in four steps. A lay person may take the five upāsaka and upāsikā vows ( "approaching virtue"). The next step is to enter the pabbajja or monastic way of life (Skt: pravrajyā, ), which includes wearing monk's or nun's robes.
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In 2006, 2008, and 2010, the Raphael Lemkin Human Rights Award was presented at the North American Conferences on Judaism and Human Rights. In 2011, T'ruah shifted to an annual award ceremony that honors two rabbis for their human rights leadership, as well as one lay person who receives the Raphael Lemkin Human Rights award.
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As the enrollment increased, the brothers added additional classrooms and athletic programs. Tuition in the early years was $40. The number of brothers on the faculty increased which also grew to include a lay person, who taught biology and coach the athletic teams. Professors from the University of Notre Dame also taught at the school.
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This decline was further exacerbated by the practice of appointing a commendatory abbot, a lay person, appointed by a noble to oversee and to protect the goods of the monastery. Often, however, this resulted in the appropriation of the assets of monasteries at the expense of the community which they were intended to support.
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Returning to Dublin, she took part in the social life of the city. Her oldest sister Anna entered the Sisters of Loreto and became superior of the convent at Fermoy; her sister Bridget lived with community as a lay person. At the age of twenty-five, Dease entered Loretto Abbey in Rathfarnham, taking the name Teresa.Cole-Arnal, Oscar.
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The ideas of the Rubenists therefore had revolutionary political connotations as they elevated the position of the lay person and challenged the idea that had held sway since the Renaissance that painting, as a liberal art, could only be appreciated by the educated mind.Janson, H.W. (1995) History of Art. 5th edn. Revised and expanded by Anthony F. Janson.
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The Liturgy of the Word concludes with the Universal Prayer or Prayer of the Faithful. The priest begins it with a brief introduction, then a deacon, a cantor, or another lay person announces some intentions for prayer, to which the congregation responds with a short invocation such as "Lord hear our prayer." The priest concludes with a longer prayer.
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The monks and nuns form the (ordinary) sangha. As for the Vajrayana vows of individual liberation, there are four steps: A lay person may take the 5 vows called 'approaching virtue' (in Tibetan 'genyen' < dge snyan>). The next step is to enter the monastic way of life (Tib. rabjung) which includes wearing monk's or nun's robes.
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Sartre (1905–1980) was, if only by birth, the first truly 20th-century French philosopher. He was probably also the most famous, as a dramatist, screenwriter, novelist and critic. Sartre popularized (and named) existentialism, making it better known to the lay-person than, for instance, deconstruction. Phenomenology and Marxism were two other key concerns of his.
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He married Mary Adam daughter of William Adam and sister of Robert Adam and John Adam. They had two daughters, one of whom, Ann Drysdale married Andrew Dalzell in 1786. Dalzell was Principal Clerk to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland (the first lay-person to undertake this role) and the couple undoubtedly met through this connection.
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The layman, in conceptual antithesis to the monk, cuts the tree branch by branch while perched precariously in its midst, ignoring his impending doom as implied in the inevitable fall of the tree. In other words, the pious lay person is contented with half measures by continuing to live "in the world" and will inevitably pay the price for that decision.
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Described as "the Google of Canadian history," the portal broke ranks with most academic search platforms by streamlining its interface to appeal to the lay person. On April 1, 2018, Canadiana.org merged with the Canadian Research Knowledge Network (CRKN). CRKN is a not-for-profit partnership of 75 Canadian universities that provides subscription service to early Canadiana online since 2006.
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Priory of St Leonard, Brewood, note anchor 6. However, there is no documentary evidence connecting any known figure to the founding of White Ladies: only clues in the historical context. No lay person claimed the right to nominate or approve the appointment of a prioress, or to exploit the estates during vacancies: only the Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield ever intervened.
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Styblo was a recipient of a 1982 Gold Medal award of the Robert Koch Prizes. The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (IUATLD) instituted the Karel Styblo Public Health Prize after his death, to recognize a "health worker (physician or lay-person) or a community organisation for contributions to tuberculosis control or lung health over a period of 10 years or more".
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In 2003, Alison Elliot, an elder of Greyfriars, was elected to serve as moderator of the 2004 General Assembly. Elliot was the first woman moderator and the first lay person to hold the office since George Buchanan in 1567. Other notable ministers of Greyfriars include the Covenanters, Robert Douglas, Robert Traill, and Gilbert Rule;Scott 1915, pp. 38-39. the statesman, William Carstares;Scott 1915, p. 46.
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In his later years, Egler used book reviews in Ecology to keep scientists and publishers on their toes, giving praise only when he felt it was due. In his own books, he tried to develop an appreciation for good science in the lay person. Some of his works were written under the anagrammatic pseudonyms of Warren G. Kenfield (Frank Edwin Egler) and Stan R. Foote (Aton Forest).
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May be viewed here.Common Worship: Christian Initiation, published by Church House Publishing (2006), copyright The Archbishops' Council (2006), , page 270.An Anglican Prayer Book, published by Collins Liturgical Publications (1989), copyright The Provincial Trustees of the Church of the Province of Southern Africa (1989), , page 448. However, some member churches make provision for individual confession to a deacon or lay person when a priest is not available.
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This is known as a "dropped argument" since the opposing team failed to refute it. Speed reading increases the burden on the opposing team as debaters present more arguments that the opposing team has to refute. Speed reading or spreading is normal at the majority of national circuit policy debate tournaments. Some feel that the rapid-fire delivery makes debate harder to understand for the lay person.
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During the 14th century in many churches, the cantor began to delegate his instruction of the singers to a master of music. After the introduction of harmonized music, some duties naturally fell to the conductor or choirmaster. Today, the cantor is a role that can be performed by a lay person. In parishes without a choir, the cantor serves to lead the responsorial singing with the congregation.
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Robert F. Hall Catholic Secondary School (sometimes referred to as Hall or abbreviated as RFH) is a catholic school located in Caledon, Ontario, Canada. The school was named after Robert Francis (Bobby Soxer) Hall (1925–1989), the first lay person after whom a catholic secondary school has been named in the Dufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board. The patron saint of Hall is St. Francis of Assisi.
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Colleen M. Hanycz is a Canadian academic who is currently the president of La Salle University. She served as principal of Brescia University College from 2008-2015 and was appointed president of La Salle University in 2015. She was the second lay person principal in the history of Brescia, a Catholic school and Canada's only women's university, and she was the first layperson president at La Salle.
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The ones most commonly seen in urban areas are the house geckos (typically called house lizard by the lay-person) and the non-native changeable lizard. The changeable lizard has pushed the local green crested lizard into forested areas. In gardens and parks, one can often see common sun skinks, the introduced red- eared sliders and flying lizards. Water monitors are common in rivers and mangrove.
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The Japanese name means literally "a (type of) garlic that a gyōja makes use of as food," where a gyōja signifies a monk or a lay person engaged in ascetic training outdoors (cf. , Shugendō). Much of its flourishing habitat occurs in nature reserves such as national parks. Hence it is considered a scarce sansai (wild-harvested vegetable), and commands high prices at the market.
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As a Roman Catholic lay person, between 1987 and 1995, he was the founding director of Southern Cross Bioethics Institute. As a Roman Catholic priest, Fleming was director of the Southern Cross Bioethics Institute between 1995 and 2004; and from 2001, a faculty member of the John Paul II Institute for Marriage and Family. He served as the founding president of Campion College between 2004 and 2009.
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The inquiry into apparent bias, according to Judicial Commissioner Menon, should be based on the perspective of a reasonable member of the public. This is due to the need to ensure that decisions of courts and tribunals are beyond reproach in the eyes of the lay person. In holding thus, he quoted similar remarks made by the High Court of Australia in Johnson v. Johnson (2000),.
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In Protestant churches, the term "ministry" often implies the service of an ordained minister or pastor. In youth ministry, however, this is not always the case — a youth ministry leader may be an ordained member of the clergy, an employed lay person, or a volunteer. Titles applied to youth ministry leaders vary widely as well, even within denominations, using terms such as "Youth Minister", "Youth Pastor", or simply "Youth Worker".
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Deaconess Margaret Rodgers AM Margaret Rodgers AM (18 December 1939 – 31 May 2014) was a prominent deaconess and lay-person in the Anglican Diocese of Sydney. Rodgers was Principal of Deaconess House, (1976–85), Research Officer for the Anglican General Synod (1985–93), chief executive officer of the Anglican Media Council (1994–2003), President of the New South Wales Council of Churches and Lay Canon of St Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney.
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After two centuries of rule of the Nemanjić dynasty, most members of which were canonized, Lazar was the first lay person to be recognized as a saint. During his lifetime, he had achieved considerable prestige as the major lord on the territory of the former Serbian Empire. The Church saw him as the only ruler worthy and capable of succeeding the Nemanjićs and restoring their state.Mihaljčić 2001, pp.
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After having become a widow, she lived for the rest of her life in extreme Catholic asceticism, following the life and principles of a monastic, going so far as to refuse medical care when she was ill, a piety of an extreme form which attracted criticism from the Catholic clergy, who thought this too much for a lay person. She also conducted persecution of the Jews on her lands.
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In 170 AD, the Temple of Demeter was sacked by the Sarmatians but was rebuilt by Marcus Aurelius. Aurelius was then allowed to become the only lay person ever to enter the anaktoron. As Christianity gained in popularity in the 4th and 5th centuries, Eleusis's prestige began to fade. The last pagan emperor of Rome, Julian, reigned from 361 to 363 after about fifty years of Christian rule.
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There have been a sizable amount of successful attempts of re- identification in different fields. Even if it is not easy for a lay person to break anonymity, once the steps to do so are disclosed and learnt, there is no need for higher level knowledge to access information in a database. Sometimes, technical expertise is not even needed if a population has a unique combination of identifiers.
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In the late 1990s the college undertook extensive renovations and rebuilding. Later, during the late 2000s a new building was built, it includes; meeting rooms, stands, basketball courts and can facilitate stage plays (Pius Talent Show). "Fide et Labore" is written on the shield, which is Latin for "By Faith and Labour". The current principal is John Couani, the first lay person to be principal at the school.
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M.T. Clancy, England and its Rulers, (Malden, MA, 1998), pp. 84-5; Robert Bartlett, England under the Norman and Angevin Kings, 1075-1225, (Oxford, 2000), p. 10. David however had been the first lay person to take the oath to uphold the succession of Matilda in 1127, and when Stephen was crowned on 22 December, David decided to make war.Oram, David: The King Who Made Scotland, pp. 121-3.
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Many honors were bestowed upon Weisenfeld in tribute to her lifelong work. In 1951, Weisenfeld was presented with the Eleanor Roosevelt Award for community service. On the 25th anniversary of Fight for Sight in 1971, President Richard Nixon and New York City Mayor John Lindsay recognized Weisenfeld's work with congratulatory letters. In 1975, the Academy of Ophthalmology awarded Weisenfeld its first award given to a lay person, for her contributions to the field.
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Home births are either attended or unattended, planned or unplanned. Women are attended when they are assisted through labor and birth by a professional, usually a midwife, and rarely a general practitioner. Women who are unassisted or only attended by a lay person, perhaps a doula, their spouse, family, friend, or a non- professional birth attendant, are sometimes called freebirths. A "planned" home birth is a birth that occurs at home by intention.
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Catholic Camaldolese Benedictine monk Bede Griffiths spoke of monastic life being essentially a lay calling, and saw the future of monastic life in lay communities. "The monk is a lay person…An order of monastics is essentially a lay order. Some monks may live in monasteries, but increasingly the majority will live in their own homes or form small communities—a monastic order in the world."Griffiths, Bede, The New Creation in Christ.
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U.S. persons, under The Funeral Rule, are not required to use a funeral home to conduct the viewing or visitation or funeral, however, there are many details and legal requirements, so it is a commonly accepted practice to use one. Funeral transfer service providers remedy the need for a funeral home while at the same time removing the obstacles that inhibit a lay person from performing the basic requirements of transportation, storage and documents preparation.
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Nobrega’s Diálogo sobre a Conversão do Gentio uses the point of view of two Portuguese settlers to describe the native people of Brazil. The dialogue between the men provides insight into some of the characterizations of the native population. Gonçalo Álvares, a lay person preaching to the natives, describes them in the opening lines as "those beasts." He dehumanizes the natives and, at the same time, questions their capacity to understand and accept Christianity.
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The Attorney-General of Western Australia is the member of the Government of Western Australia responsible for maintenance and improvement of Western Australia's system of law and justice. Before the advent of representative government in 1870, the title was Advocate-General of Western Australia. The Attorney-General must be a qualified legal practitioner. When there are none in the cabinet, a lay person is sometimes appointed to the office of Minister for Justice.
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'They often call their writings 'jurisprudence'; but as they almost never consider juries and jury-trials, one might chide them for forgetting jurisprudence. ",Dias, Jurisprudence, p.624. see also, Law and the Modem Mind (1930), Preface, p. xi. "For any particular lay person", Frank writes: "the law, with respect to any particular set of facts, is a decision of a court with respect to those facts so far as that decision affects that particular person.
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In an attempt to curtail simony (paying to gain office), Alexander II sent out many legates and archbishoprics across Europe to enforce reform among local synods. Any clergy suspected of simony were then investigated. Any clergy who was invested into office by a lay person were required to undergo a new investiture by a papal legate. A well-known victim of these campaigns included the bishop of Constance, who was removed from office for simony.
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This "lay ordination" ritual usually occurs after a stay in a temple, and often after a monastic ordination (); has taken place. The ordained lay person is then given a religious name. The restrictions that apply are similar to a monastic ordination, such as permission from parents. In the Theravāda tradition, the precepts are usually taken "each separately" (), to indicate that if one precept should be broken, the other precepts are still intact.
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It is subject to ongoing revision. No lay person is expected to know all the complexities of the tax laws. It is accepted that people will act on the advice of professionals and that the advice will often turn on the meanings to be given to provisions in the Act that are open to various interpretations. Furthermore, it is accepted that one may legitimately structure one's affairs so as to minimize tax liability.
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Senator-astronaut John Glenn on the Space Shuttle Discovery in 1998 STS-95 portrait Glenn getting his blood drawn in space for an experiment After the Challenger accident in 1986, Glenn criticized putting a "lay person in space for the purpose of gaining public support . . . while the shuttle is still in its embryonic stage". He supported flying research scientists. In 1995, Glenn read Space Physiology and Medicine, a book written by NASA doctors.
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The person leading the congregation in public prayers is called the sh'liaḥ tzibbur (Hebrew for "emissary of the congregation"). Jewish law restricts this role to adult Jews; among Orthodox Jews, it is restricted to males. In theory, any lay person can be a sh'liaḥ tzibbur; many synagogue-attending Jews will serve in this role every now and again, especially on weekdays or when having a Yartzeit. Someone with good Hebrew pronunciation is preferred.
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A commissioned Evangelist in the Anglican Communion is a lay person who has received professional training in Christian outreach ministry, and been commissioned by episcopal authority. In practice, almost all those formally admitted to the office of Evangelist are members of the Anglican mission and outreach agency, the Church Army. Evangelist is one of the commonly acknowledged lay ministries of the Anglican Communion internationally, along with the ministries of Lay reader, and Deaconess.
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Church documents have revealed that on October 15, 1666, Suchon was legally transferred from the convent in Semur to the Jacobin monastery at Langres. It is unclear whether Suchon ever took residence at the Langres convent. Some speculate that Suchon may have used the guise of this transfer to escape entirely and travel to Rome. Suchon did file a petition to the pope to contest her vows and restore herself to lay person.
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When mathematicians are concerned with utilizing the formula, signs, and language of mathematics in order to talk about the formal system itself they are engaging in a metalanguage. To discuss the system of axioms which constitutes the foundation of mathematical talk (ie., calculus or set theory), mathematicians (or any lay person) would occupy themselves with metamathematics (talk about mathematical talk). Those who occupy themselves with the examination, analysis, and description of the language of science, occupy themselves with metascience.
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The Pastoral Institute of Multan, Pakistan, is aimed at aiding the local church grow into a church of witness and mission. The objective is to aid the lay person to witness to Gospel values, be formative in the faith and an agent of change. Established in 1971 as a catechetical-pastoral training body, the institute has since developed into a multifunctional center. The staff includes two foreign Dominicans and three lay people, two of them women.
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In 1867, aged sixteen, Maria Teresa became responsible for a school run by her aunt, who had become blind and who died on 4 March 1867. Although Maria Teresa began to feel a desire to embrace religious life, she felt responsibility for her parents – her father was seventy and ailing – and for the school under her care. At the age of 21 she considered the possibility of taking private vows of poverty, chastity and obedience as a lay person.
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Osborne was born on 10 June 1953 in Manchester, England. She began studying law until she felt "the hand of Heaven" and decided to study for the ministry. She attended Manchester University, where she graduated in sociology, after which she worked as a lay person in parish ministry at St Aldate's Church, Oxford. She then moved to the administrative staff of the Universities and Colleges Christian Fellowship, where she directed the week-long 'Vocation 78' conference.
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The Court found both "substantial similarity" and that Koons had access to the picture. The similarity was so close that the average lay person would recognize the copying, a measure for evaluation. Thus the sculpture was found to be a copy of the work by Rogers. On the issue of fair use, the court rejected the parody argument, as Koons could have constructed his parody of that general type of art without copying Rogers' specific work.
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Carol Harrison (born 27 November 1960) is a British theologian and ecclesiastical historian, specialising in Augustine of Hippo. Since January 2015, she has been Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at the University of Oxford; she is the first woman and first lay person to hold this appointment. She is a fellow of Christ Church, Oxford and an honorary fellow of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. On 27 April 2015, she was installed as a Canon of Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford.
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The REB > should include people knowledgeable in the law and standards of practice and > professional conduct. Special memberships are advocated for handicapped or > disabled concerns, if required by the protocol under review. The European > Forum for Good Clinical Practice (EFGCP) suggests that REBs include two > practicing physicians who share experience in biomedical research and are > independent from the institution where the research is conducted; one lay > person; one lawyer; and one paramedical professional, e.g. nurse or > pharmacist.
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The 2001 Lord Nolan recommendations, accepted in full by the bishops, became model guidelines for other bishops' conferences around the world, and a model for other institutions in Britain. One guideline was that in each parish there should be a "safeguarding officer", a lay person who would vet through the Criminal Records Bureau, a government agency, anyone in the parish who had access to young people or vulnerable adults, and would be a contact for anyone with any concerns.
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The construction of the Shoppes at La Salle and addition of The Fresh Grocer ended a decades-long food desert in Germantown. In October 2015, La Salle inaugurated its first lay person and first woman president, Dr. Colleen Hanycz, former president of Brescia University College. In 2015, Hanycz led consolidation and prioritization efforts, ultimately firing a couple dozen prominent staff members and administrators. The university even cut six undergraduate majors, which were mostly in the foreign language department.
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SocINDEX with full text, EBSCOhost. However, it is still immoral "to embark on any course of action whose aim is to destroy human life, irrespective of the quality of the individual's motive." Keown, Damien. “End of life: the Buddhist View,” Lancet 366 (2005): 954. SocINDEX with full text, EBSCOhost. In Theravada Buddhism a lay person daily recites the simple formula: "I undertake the precept to abstain from destroying living beings."This is the first of the Five Precepts.
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The Moderator of the United Church of Canada is the most senior elected official within the United Church of Canada. He or she may be a lay person or a member of the Order of Ministry and is elected to a three-year term by commissioners attending the church's triannual General Council. The current Moderator is the Right Reverend Dr. Richard Bott, who was elected to the office at the 43rd General Council in Oshawa, Ontario in July 2018.
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A lay person author and writer and convert to the Catholic Church, John C. Preiss, became President of the Fatima Family Apostolate and Editor of the quarterly magazine the Immaculate Heart Messenger. The FFA is located in Hanceville, Alabama. It is an international Apostolate, having members all over the world and publishes a quarterly magazine called the Immaculate Heart Messenger. The FFA has built shrines in honor of Our Lady in Alexandria, South Dakota and Hanceville, Alabama.
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Doe Sung was the principal disciple of Yau Kung Mun, and had been the chosen representative of the Temple to meet all challengers. Through Doe Sung, the style survived continuing to pass to only one disciple per generation. (See diagram). It was through the priest Teat Yun that the style was given its name, and was presented to the public by accepting as his disciple the first lay person in Yau Kung Mun history, Grandmaster Ha Hon Hung.
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Aleqa Gebre Hanna (flourished late 19th century) was a dabtara (a lay person of religious learning) of the Ethiopian Church, renowned in Amharic oral tradition for (to quote Donald Levine) his "quick and biting wit."Donald N. Levine, Wax and Gold: Tradition and Innovation in Ethiopian Culture (Chicago: University Press, 1972), p. 27. He was a master of the genre of Amharic poetry known as qene, as well as introducing a new style of ceremonial dancing to the Ethiopian Church.
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Doug Manchester characterizes the topic of the book as "recreational engineering". It only requires a standard background in mathematics including basic geometry, trigonometry, and a small amount of calculus. Owen Smith calls it "a great book for engineers and mathematicians, as well as the interested lay person", writing that it is particularly good at laying bare the mathematical foundations of seemingly-simple problems. Similarly, Ronald Huston recommends it to "mathematicians, engineers, and physicists", as well as interested members of the general public.
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Unlike the case in some Protestant churches, a youth minister in the Roman Catholic Church is not a member of the clergy. Ministry, including youth ministry, is considered one of the functions within the Church because most believe that people should start learning about God at a young age so they have more time to grow spiritually through adulthood. Therefore, it is more likely for a Catholic youth minister or youth ministry leader to be a lay person, rather than an ordained priest.
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On 6 March 2002, Whittam Smith was appointed the First Church Estates Commissioner, a senior lay person in the Church of England. As such, he is Chairman of the Church Commissioners' Assets Committee (an investment portfolio of £7 billion), and a member of the Church Commissioners' Board of Governors, the General Synod of the Church of England, and the Archbishops' Council. It was announced in September 2016 that he would be stepping down as First Church Estates Commissioner in June 2017.
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He states that society needs to come up with "sex-positive" models of "sexual health". These models should reflect good education for children as well as for adults, while being sensitive across different cultures. Klein's concerns with the concept of sexual addiction are that it appears to lend scientific credibility to it and implies that "sex is dangerous." Twelve-step programs for sex addiction are of limited value because they are typically self-referred for a problem that any lay person can diagnose.
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As of 1997, the parish had a total of 1,050 parishioners.St Jerome Croatian Catholic Church - Statistics There were 168 students in the 8-grade grammar school, and the Croatian school had 50 students with 5 teachers. Father Ivica Majstorovic is the director of the Croatian school and Jennifer Kraljević is the current president. The parish grammar school has two nuns who teach and they are members of the Adorers of the Precious Blood, and the principal is a lay person.
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On 15 January 2020, Pope Francis appointed her an Undersecretary for Multilateral Affairs in the Section for Relations with States of the Secretariat of State. She is the first woman and the first lay person to hold a managerial position in the Secretariat of State, a position normally reserved for a member of the clergy. Her responsibilities include the Holy See's interests in intergovernmental organizations and international treaties, while the bilateral sector is headed by another undersecretary, Mirosław Wachowski, a Polish cleric.
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The aniyata are two indefinite rules where a monk is accused of having committed an offence with a woman in a screened (enclosed) or private place by a lay person. It is indefinite because the final outcome depends on whether the monk acknowledges the offence. Benefit of the doubt is given to the monk unless there is over-riding evidence. Thus it is not proper for a monk to be alone with a woman, especially in screened or private places.
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Gallant was born in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada, in 1922. She was a member of the Sisters of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart () for 26 years before becoming a lay person in 1970. One of the first Acadian women to earn a doctorate, Gallant taught philosophy at the Université de Moncton for many years and became director of the philosophy program and Vice-Dean of the Faculty of Arts. Gallant has made many commitments to the advancement of women.
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Upon Miller's death in 2004, the National Council of Churches in the United States instituted an annual J. Irwin Miller Award. The award is presented annually to "a lay person who has been a witness, through action in the world, to justice and other values affirmed by Christian faith, and who has demonstrated a commitment to church unity." In 2016 Exhibit Columbus launched the J. Irwin and Xenia S. Miller Prize, an award given to artists, architects, and designers whose work is for the benefit of communities.
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In the year 1954, he earned a literary award from the Académie française. From 1955 to 1968 he continued his works as a professor of philosophy at the Sorbonne. He became a member of the Académie française in 1961.Jean Guitton Biography at the Académie française Website (French) Invited as an observer to the ecumenical council of Vatican II, the first lay person to be granted this honor, he would become a close friend of Pope Paul VI. He died in Paris at 97.
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Maria Amalia was also a patron of the composer Gian Francesco Fortunati, a favorite at the Neapolitan court. She was criticized for being too religious from what was proper from someone not a member of a Catholic monastic order: she attended mass twice and eventually four times a day and kept more devotions than what was normal for a nun or a monk, and he eventually lectured her that she was more fervent than what could be regarded as modest for a lay person.
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It contains narrative verses glorifying Krishna meant for community singing. It is a bhakti kayva par excellence, written in a lively and simple language, it has "stories and songs for amusement [for children], it delights the young with true poetic beauty and elderly people find here religious instruction and wisdom". For most of his works, he used the Assamese language of the period so the lay person could read and understand them. But for dramatic effect in his songs and dramas he used Brajavali, medieval Maithili.
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An exhorter was a lay person who preached an informal or impromptu sermon, encouraging others toward experiential conversion, often immediately after his own conversion. McGready was especially impressed with recurring instances of child exhorters who sometimes exhibited the falling behavior, only to rise later and expound upon the mysteries of the gospel in words that seemed beyond their years. He reported that “the conduct of young converts, and especially of such as were but children, fastened more convictions at these times than all the preaching.
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The study aimed to explore the efficacy of stroke risk-factor counselling and monitoring in effecting lifestyle changes and prescription adherence in patients, as well as exploring barriers and testing possible solutions to effective stroke risk- factor management. The preliminary results were extremely promising, showing that the addition of a lay-person to usual stroke care results in far better outcomes and reduced risk-factors. That initial study led to the creation of a multi-centre study in 2009 under the direction of Richard Chan.
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In 1377, every lay person over the age of 14 years who was not a beggar had to pay a groat (4d) to the Crown. By 1379 that had been graded by social class, with the lower age limit changed to 16, and to 15 two years later. The levy of 1381 operated under a combination of both flat rate and graduated assessments. The minimum amount payable was set at 4d, however tax collectors had to account for a 12d a head mean assessment.
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The Ordination Handbook of the New Kadampa Tradition. p. 20. Monks and nuns in the NKT-IKBU abandon the physical signs of a lay person by shaving their head and wearing the maroon and yellow robes of an ordained person. They are given a new name which starts with "Kelsang", since it is traditional for ordinees to receive part of the ordaining master's name (in this case, Kelsang Gyatso). They also engage in a Sojong ceremony twice a month to purify and restore their vows.
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Marriott also was one of the church's representatives at a meeting announcing a bill incorporating these principles being introduced to the Utah legislature in March 2015.Mormon Newsroom report on introduction of the bill In 2018 she presented at the International Center for Law and Religion Studies conference a talk entitled, What Can a Lay Person Do to Protect Religious Freedom? and spoke about her father, a judge, attorney, and member of the board at the First Methodist Church in Alexandria, Louisiana. Atkinson, Austin.
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Devasahayam Pillai is the first lay person from India to be beatified by the Catholic Church. On the same day as Devasahayam Pillai was declared a Blessed in the Diocese of Kottar, India, Pope Benedict XVI addressed the pilgrims gathered in Rome. During his Angelus Message the Pope mentioned the event in Italian and English.Pope Benedict on Devasahayam Pillai's Beatification He said in Italian: > Today in Kottar, India, Devasahayam Pillai, a faithful layman, who lived in > the 18th century and died a martyr, was proclaimed Blessed.
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While still studying at Peabody, Dirksen became assistant organist to Paul Callaway at the Washington National Cathedral in February, 1942. Later that year, he began three-and-a-half years of military service during World War II, resuming his post at the cathedral in December, 1945. In 1949, Dirksen was also appointed director of the glee club at the cathedral's affiliated St. Albans School. In 1969, he was the first lay person in the Anglican Communion to be named a Precentor, meaning he had administrative oversight of all worship services.
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Families and How to Survive Them is a bestselling self-help book co-authored by the psychiatrist and psychotherapist Robin Skynner and the comedian John Cleese. It was first published in 1983, and is illustrated throughout by the cartoonist J. B. Handelsman. The book takes the form of a series of dialogues between Skynner, playing the role of therapist, and Cleese, who adopts the role of inquisitive lay person. The book was also serialised as a six-part radio series for the UK BBC station BBC Radio 4, with each episode being 30 minutes long.
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Yāna is one of ten suggested gifts (dana) that a lay person can appropriately give a monk or recluse, in the sense of providing a vehicle or transportation (e.g., see DN 7.33/PTS: A iv 59 and DN 10.177/PTS: A v 269). The earliest explicit Buddhist use of -yāna in a metaphorical sense of a journey to awakening may be the term dhammayānam, "dharma chariot" (SN IV.4), where the vehicle itself serves as an extended metaphor for the Eightfold Path. Various parts of the chariot represent aspects of the Path (magga), e.g.
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Once admitted to the table, the exclusivity ended. All participants—male and female, young and old, cleric and lay person- served one another common bread and wine, representing the body and blood of Christ. The often intense preparation and elements of exclusivity meant that only a fraction of those who attended these events were able to participate in the communion ritual. Non-participants included children and observers who were unsure of their status as among the converted, and many were curious bystanders and irreligious people who had come for social, rather than religious reasons.
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As an example, the Anglican Church of Canada states, in the preface to its liturgical rite for "The Reconciliation of a Penitent", the following: "The absolution in these services may be pronounced only by a bishop or a priest. If a deacon or a lay person hears a confession, a declaration of forgiveness may be made in the form provided".The Book of Alternative Services of the Church of Canada, published by Anglican Book Centre (Toronto) (1985), copyright the General Synod of the Anglican Church of Canada (1985), , page 166.
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Fisher was a major supporter of Israel (its "most successful fund raiser" and "the single most important lay person in the American Jewish community") and close Middle East advisor to Republican Presidents Nixon, Ford, Reagan, G.H.W. Bush, and G.W. Bush—and for many years the estate was guarded by a White House security detail. Fisher died in his house in 2005. Scherer House Scherer House Lake Shore Rd., Grosse Pointe Shores (1951) Client: Robert Pauli Scherer Style: Regency Scherer House is a rambling, split-level design of white brick construction.
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The Atash Dadgah is the lowest grade of sacred fire, and can be consecrated within the course of a few hours by two priests, who alternatingly recite the 72 verses of the Yasna liturgy. Consecration may occasionally include the recitation of the Vendidad, but this is optional. A lay person may tend the fire when no services are in progress. The term is not necessarily a consecrated fire, and the term is also applied to the hearth fire, or to the oil lamp found in many Zoroastrian homes.
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In 19th-century Sri Lanka, there was a revival of observing the eight precepts due to the influence of upright=.9 In the late 19th century in Sri Lanka, there was a renewed interest in the tradition of observing the eight precepts, during the time of the Buddhist revival. This was mostly because of the influence of Anagarika Dharmapāla (1864–1933), who observed the ten precepts (similar to the eight) continuously, maintaining a status between lay person and monk. The interest was further fostered by campaigns emphasizing Buddhist religious practice on traditional observance days.
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Minor orders were discontinued in the reformed Church of England. The modern office of reader was introduced in 1866 and is distinct from the traditional minor order of reader. It is the office of a licensed lay minister and, for this reason, a person holding the office is referred to as a "lay reader" in many parts of the Anglican Communion. After a period of theological training (often, in the case of the Church of England, three years of evening classes), a lay person is licensed to preach and lead public worship.
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Most youth groups tend to follow a similar organizational model. The church that supports them will provide an allocation of funds to use for the activities of the group. It also will employ a paid staff member or volunteer to lead the group, known as the Youth pastor, youth minister, pastor of student ministries, youth leader, or other similar terms. This person can be either a lay person, hold a religious degree, or be a member of the ordained clergy, depending on the needs and resources of the church.
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Schizophrenia Genesis was written for both the lay person and the clinical professional, and provides data, methods of interpreting the data, and an introduction to genetic analysis as used to analyze role of inheritance in behavior. The book also contains accounts of schizophrenics, with an artist depicting own suffering, saying, "I know ... it is craziness when every laugh is about me ... newspapers suddenly contain cures ... sparkles of light are demon eyes." Schizophrenia Genesis starts with the history of schizophrenia. Gottesman takes the view that schizophrenia is a disease of the industrial world.
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St John's was the first Church of England theological college to have both a lay person and a woman as principal (Ruth Etchells). The college has an advowson (a right to appoint clergy to a parish) over four benefices: Chester-le-Street and Stranton in the Diocese of Durham and jointly with other avowees the benefices of Doddington with Benwick and Wimblington, and St Mark with St Paul, Darlington. Previously, the patron had complete power to appoint the new priest, however that power is now exercised jointly with the local bishop and parish.
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Eucharistic Minister, or more properly "Lay Eucharistic Minister LEM", is used to denote a lay person who assists the priest in administering the sacraments of holy communion, the consecrated bread and wine. They may also take the sacraments to those who are ill, or otherwise unable to attend Mass. LEMs usually vest in cassock and surplice rather than Alb. Although the practice varies from Diocese to Diocese in general LEMs are recommended by the parish priest to the Bishop of the Diocese, who grants them a three-year license to practice the ministry.
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He described the Association as people who wish to devote themselves to works of mercy in a specific rather than general way and he underlined that the mission of the cooperators is to take care of boys, who are exposed to immorality, catechizing them, keeping them happily busy on Sundays and holy days, finding them jobs with honest employers (...) In the chapter, Don Bosco established the rules and missions of the cooperators and designed the way so any Catholic lay person, willing to join his educative mission in favor of poor young people, could join.
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The title of Knight of the Order of St. Gregory the Great, one of the highest papal honors bestowed on a Roman Catholic lay person, was conferred on him in 1956 by Bishop Charles P. Greco, by direction of Pope Pius XII in honor of Welsh's exemplary life of faith and service to the Church. Welsh was also very active in public affairs and received several secular awards from the local community in recognition of his municipal efforts. J. Robert Welsh died on July 29, 1990, at the age of 89.
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Fr. John Baran arrive as pastor in 2002 from crosstown Our Lady of the Assumption Church. He ended a number of traditionalist practices and services, and set about improving the parish's outreach and community activity. As an homage to the Polish heritage, however, the parish picnic, held annually since 1978, does feature traditional Polish foods such as pierogies and stuffed cabbage. In December 2018, Bishop Frank Caggiano appointed Eleanor W. Sauers as Parish Life Coordinator, the first time a lay person had been appointed to head church administration in the diocese.
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When they become used to the precepts, they start to embody them more naturally. Researchers doing field studies in traditional Buddhist societies have found that the five precepts are generally considered demanding and challenging. For example, anthropologist Stanley Tambiah found in his field studies that strict observance of the precepts had "little positive interest for the villager ... not because he devalues them but because they are not normally open to him". Observing precepts was seen to be mostly the role of a monk or an elderly lay person.
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Scholar of religion Richard Jones concludes that the moral motives of Buddhists in adhering to the precepts are based on the idea that renouncing self-service, ironically, serves oneself. In East Asian Buddhism, the precepts are intrinsically connected with the initiation as a Buddhist lay person. Early Chinese translations such as the Upāsaka-śila Sūtra hold that the precepts should only be ritually transmitted by a monastic. The texts describe that in the ritual the power of the Buddhas and bodhisattvas is transmitted, and helps the initiate to keep the precepts.
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A Jain layman, on account of his household and occupational compulsions, is unable to adhere to the five major vows of ascetic. Hence he observes aṇuvrata or minor vows which although are similar to the major vows of the ascetics are observed with a lesser severity. It is difficult to avoid some violence by a lay person to single- sensed immobile beings in the process of occupation, cooking, self-defense etc. That is why he vows not to kill without a necessary purpose and determined intention, a moving sentient being, when it is innocent.
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In 2008 the architectural historian Gavin Stamp described Osbert Lancaster's Pillar to Post (1938)—later revised and combined with the sequel Homes Sweet Homes (1939)—as "one of the most influential books on architecture ever published–and certainly the funniest".Stamp, p. 44 Lancaster felt that architects and architectural writers had created a mystique that left the lay person confused, and in the two books he set out to demystify the subject, with, he said, "a small mass of information leavened by a large dose of personal prejudice."Lucie-Smith, p.
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Guru is the spiritual preceptor in Jainism, and typically a role served by Jain ascetics.Christopher Partridge (2013), Introduction to World Religions, Augsburg Fortress, , page 252 The guru is one of three fundamental tattva (categories), the other two being dharma (teachings) and deva (divinity). The guru-tattva is what leads a lay person to the other two tattva.John Cort (2011), Jains in the World : Religious Values and Ideology in India, Oxford University Press, , page 100 In some communities of the Śvētāmbara sect of Jainism, a traditional system of guru-disciple lineage exists.
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Then the by-laws of the college were rewritten so that the Jesuit superior for Belize was no longer automatically president of the college and lay members were added to the board of trustees. Mr. Stuart Simmons was appointed the first lay principal of the high school division. In 1994 the by-laws were again changed so that a lay person could be president of the college, and in 1999 Mr. Carlos Perdomo became the first lay president. The chairperson of the board had already for many years been a layperson.
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Roman law, in the days of the Roman republic and Empire, was heavily procedural and there was no professional legal class.Gordley-von Mehren, Comparative Study of Private Law, 18 Instead a lay person, iudex, was chosen to adjudicate. Precedents were not reported, so any case law that developed was disguised and almost unrecognised.Gordley-von Mehren, Comparative Study of Private Law, 21 Each case was to be decided afresh from the laws of the state, which mirrors the (theoretical) unimportance of judges' decisions for future cases in civil law systems today.
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She was devoted to Catholicism and especially venerated Saint Francis Xavier and was actively involved in the building of the Catholic Hofkirche in Dresden. Her personal confessor, the Jesuit Fr. Anton Hermann, criticized her for being too religious from what was proper for someone not a Catholic religious order member. She attended mass twice and eventually four times a day and kept more devotions than was normal for a nun or a monk. Fr. Anton Hermann eventually lectured her that she was more fervent than could be regarded as modest for a lay person.
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Manuel was successful in recovering the esteem of sultan Mehmed II, and in spring 1476 he himself was elected as Patriarch of Constantinople. He was still a lay person, so he first became a monk taking the religious name of Maximus, and the next day he received consecration as a bishop and he was enthroned as Patriarch by the Metropolitan of Heraclea. His reign ended a period of troubles for the Church in the region, and was marked by peace and consensus. Maximus died on 3 April 1482.
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Mahākāśyapa made a prediction that later would come true that a lay person called Śāṇakavāsī would make many gifts to the saṅgha during a feast. After this event, Ānanda would successfully persuade him to become ordained and be his pupil. Later, just before Ānanda died, he passed the teaching on to his pupil as Mahākāśyapa had told him to. Ray notes that Mahākāśyapa is depicted here as choosing not only his successor, but also the successor of his successor, which emphasizes the preeminent position that Mahākāśyapa was seen to have.
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For the Orthodox, while Baptism in extremis may be administered by a deacon or any lay-person, if the newly baptized person survives, a priest must still perform the other prayers of the Rite of Baptism, and administer the Mystery of Chrismation. The discipline of Anglicanism and Lutheranism is similar to that of the Latin Catholic Church. For Methodists and many other Protestant denominations, too, the ordinary minister of baptism is a duly ordained or appointed minister of religion. Newer movements of Protestant Evangelical churches, particularly non- denominational, allow laypeople to baptize.
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When presenting data as part of a report that may be used to form a decision or as evidence, it is important that the data be correctly represented so the reader can understand it. In the case of generating reports on system created data such as registry files, link files and other system created data this can be a costly exercise. It can also be the case that there is no straightforward answer or explanation. An example of this would be attempting to explain to a lay person the method and techniques of decoding the UserAssist Key in the Windows System Registry.
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His family name was Wang, and his given name is Wei. Wang chose the courtesy name Mojie, and would sign his works Wang Weimojie because Wei-mo-jie (维摩诘) was a reference to Vimalakirti, the central figure of the Buddhist sutra by that name.Ferguson, 73 In this holy book of Buddhism, which is partly in the form of a debate with Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of Wisdom), a lay person, Vimalakīrti, expounds the doctrine of Śūnyatā, or emptiness, to an assembly which includes arhats and bodhisattvas, and then culminates with the wordless teaching of silence.
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In 1698 French Catholic missionary priests Antoine Davion and François de Montigny and J. B. La Source (a lay person and possible servant to the priests) visited the Taensa; de Montigny founded a short-lived mission among them. De Montigny at that time records their population as being 700 people. In 1699 French explorer Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville recorded the Taensa as having 300 warriors and living in seven villages named as Taensas, Chaoucoula, Conchayon, Couthaougoula, Nyhougoula, Ohytoucoulas, and Talaspa. The majority of these names are in the Muskogean Mobilian trade language and not the Natchezan Taensa language.
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The key principle taught in almost all systems is that the rescuer, be they a lay person or a professional, should assess the situation for danger. The reason that an assessment for danger is given such high priority is that it is core to emergency management that rescuers do not become secondary victims of any incident, as this creates a further emergency that must be dealt with. A typical assessment for danger would involve observation of the surroundings, starting with the cause of the accident (e.g. a falling object) and expanding outwards to include any situational hazards (e.g.
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It also became exclusively a day school; previously the high school took on boarders from New Mexico and other states. The original campus was sold to the State of New Mexico, which turned the two older buildings into government offices and demolished the other campus structures. Since 1967 there has been a gradual but steady increase in the number of lay teachers at St. Michael's, as the Brothers grow older and retire. In 1988, St. Michael's admitted its first lay person to the Board of Trustees and soon after hired its first lay, and first female, principal.
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Consisting of eighty-six chapters and about 63,500 words, this second work seems to have gone through many revisions before it was finished, perhaps in the 1410s or 1420s. Julian's revelations, which appear to have been the first of their kind to occur in England for two centuries, mark her as unique amongst medieval mystics. It is possible she was a lay person living at home when her visions occurred, as she was visited by her mother and other people shortly before her visions, and the rules of enclosure for an anchoress would not normally have allowed outsiders such access.
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Within each jurisdiction a committee on episcopacy (one clergy and one lay person from each annual conference) reviews the bishops' work and assigns them to their areas. The Jurisdictional Conference may affirm or reject the assignments and request new ones. The Book of Discipline 2012 requires bishops to move after two four-year terms in the same area unless a two-thirds majority of both the jurisdictional committee on episcopacy and jurisdictional conference approves a third term. Attempts over the last few quadrennia to lengthen episcopal terms in any one conference have not been supported by General Conferences.
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If a religious has been ordained as a deacon, a priest or a bishop, he also belongs to the clergy and so is a member of what is called the "religious clergy" or the "regular clergy". Clergy who are not members of a religious institute are known as secular clergy. They generally serve a geographically defined diocese or a diocese-like jurisdiction such as an apostolic vicariate or personal ordinariate, and so are also referred to as diocesan clergy. A religious who has not been ordained is a member of the laity (a lay person), not of the clergy.
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More recently, the use of medical writers has become more popular as a way to produce medical literature that is clear, concise, and easier to read by the lay person. The ICMJE, International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, is a committee that specifically deals with this kind of issue. This organization is committed to keeping medical reporting as true as possible by setting a standard known as URM, or the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts. These requirements do not only specify technical points such as bibliographical references and copyrights but also regarding ethical issues that may arise.
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The university has had six Adrian Dominican Sisters serve as president since its inception: Mother M. Gerald Barry,Prioress-General, Adrian Dominican Sisters 1940–61; Mother M. Genevieve Weber, 1962–63; Sister M. Dorothy Browne, 1963–74; Sister M. Trinita Flood, 1974–81; Sister Jeanne O'Laughlin, 1981–2004; and Sister Linda Bevilacqua, OP, PhD, 2004–2019. Mike Allen, Ph.D. began his tenure as the seventh president of Barry University on July 1, 2019. He is the first man and lay person to lead Barry University since its founding in 1940. The motherhouse of the sisters is in Adrian, Michigan.
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To manage these investments, the Pope appointed the lay-person Bernardino Nogara, who through shrewd investing in stocks, gold, and futures markets, significantly increased the Catholic Church's financial holdings. The income largely paid for the upkeep of the expensive-to-maintain stock of historic buildings in the Vatican which previously had been maintained through funds raised from the Papal States up until 1870. The Vatican's relationship with Mussolini's government deteriorated drastically after 1930 as Mussolini's totalitarian ambitions began to impinge more and more on the autonomy of the Church. For example, the Fascists tried to absorb the Church's youth groups.
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First World War as part of British Indian Army Colonies of Pathans (Pashtun people) arriving in Punjab are accounted for by Sir Densil Ibbetson in the following manner: The history of Pathans in India is much earlier. Trapusa and Bahalika, variously assumed to be merchants or slaves from Balkh were the first lay-person to accept Buddha. During that time, the regions west of HinduKush, including Afghanistan were ruled by Mauryan empire and their vassal states of Indo-Greeks. These Indo-Greeks were staunch followers of Vishnu and Buddha and ruled large parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan.
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When Buddhism spread to different places and people, the role of the precepts began to vary. In countries where Buddhism had to compete with other religions, such as China, the ritual of undertaking the five precepts developed into an initiation ceremony to become a Buddhist lay person. On the other hand, in countries with little competition from other religions, such as Thailand, the ceremony has had little relation to the rite of becoming Buddhist, as many people are presumed Buddhist from birth. Undertaking and upholding the five precepts is based on the principle of non- harming (Pāli and ).
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Provida Mater Ecclesia (June 1936) was an Apostolic Constitution by Pope Pius XI]. The constitution recognized Secular Institutes as a new form of official consecration in the Catholic Church."History", Voluntas Dei Institute The document recognized secular consecration, that is to say it recognized that lay men and lay women could, while remaining "in the world" live consecrated lives, which hitherto had been held to be possible only as a religious. The specific charism of secular institutes unites the elements of a consecrated life lived according to the evangelical counsels and living as a lay person not in a religious community.
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Kanunnik Petrus-Ludovicus Stillemans (1821–1902), brother of Antoon Stillemans Honorary canon of St Bavon Catedral, Flanders In addition to canons who are clerics in holy orders, cathedrals in the Anglican Communion may also appoint lay persons as canons. The rank of "lay canon" is especially conferred upon diocesan chancellors (the senior legal officer of the diocese, who is usually, though not exclusively, a lay person). It has traditionally been said that the King of England (now the British Sovereign) is a canon or prebendary of St David's Cathedral, Wales. However, this is based on a misconception.
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In 1946 he entered the Salesian Society with the purpose to educate the poor youth. Because in 1950 the communist regime dissolved all religious communities, he was able to complete his secondary education in 1951 in Bratislava as a lay person only. As it was not possible for him to study theology at that time, on 9 April 1951 attempted (as many other young people lead by a Salesian priest Titus Zeman) to cross the borders illegally so he could fulfill his goal abroad. The escape was not successful due to overflowing banks of the Morava River and the group was caught.
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New York: Funk and Wagnalls. He aimed to produce a journal for the intelligent lay person that would both advance knowledge of Jewish history and plead the cause of the Jews of his day. The first number of the paper appeared May 2, 1837, and was published by Baumgärtner in Leipzig with the subtitle "Unparteiisches Organ für Alles Jüdische Interesse in Betreff von Politik, Religion, Literatur, Geschichte, Sprachkunde, und Belletristik" (Impartial Organ for All Matters of Jewish Interest Pertaining to Politics, Religion, Literature, History, Philology, and Belles-lettres). During the first two years the paper appeared three times per week.
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Lancaster's illustration of "Baroque", with curled columns and fanciful statuary In 2008 the architectural historian Gavin Stamp described Lancaster's Pillar to Post (1938) – later revised and combined with the sequel Homes Sweet Homes (1939) – as "one of the most influential books on architecture ever published – and certainly the funniest".Stamp, p. 44 Lancaster felt that architects and architectural writers had created a mystique that left the lay person confused, and in the two books he set out to demystify the subject, with, he said, "a small mass of information leavened by a large dose of personal prejudice."Lucie-Smith, p.
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In 1866 Grote, who had returned to the council in 1849, was instrumental in preventing the awarding of the chair to James Martineau, a Unitarian minister, for the same reasons. Grote's preferred candidate, George Croom Robertson, was appointed to the chair in 1867. Grote's will provided an endowment of £6000 for the Chair of Philosophy of Mind and Logic, with the stipulation that the income could not be awarded to a holder of the chair who was a minister of any religion. Instead, the income was to be held back and reinvested until a lay person was again appointed.
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Kakuzo Okakura, predominant Japanese art historian of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, traced the origins of the Kyoto school to the schools of both Manchu-shin and Ming dynasties in China. The two latter schools focused on the power of the artist as a lay person or scholar, as opposed to a professional. Okakura noted Kyoto school's attempts to repurpose the Japanese tradition of copying works from other (predominantly Chinese) cultures, a technique known as utsushi. Unlike the bold and colorful style of the Kanō school or the restrained elegance of Tan'yu school, the Kyoto style favored surreal and elongated forms.
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Led by Coach Ede Warner, Louisville eschewed traditional forms of debating like speed reading, debating the resolution, and presenting traditional forms of evidence. The Louisville Project instead uses hip hop music, personal experiences, and other media to present their arguments. They argue that many elements of policy debate are exclusionary and ask the judge to cast their ballot in order to sign onto their project and in turn, increase diversity in debate. In 2005, Louisville started a "take it to the streets" initiative in which they offered to debate the topic normally if the judge was replaced with a lay person.
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The Chief Executive of the Financial Regulator said that "a lay person would expect that issues of this nature and this magnitude would have been picked up" by the external auditors, Ernst & Young.FitzPatrick Anglo loans were more than €87m After receiving legal advice Ernst & Young declined to appear before a parliamentary committee. This in turn led to inaccurate figures for the total directors' loans given for eight consecutive years in the end of year Anglo accounts. 2008 was the first occasion on which FitzPatrick revealed his true figure, that of €87 million or twice the total of the other twelve directors' loan figures.
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Turkish mufti (1687 engraving) The legal theory of the fatwa was formulated in the classical texts of usul al-fiqh (principles of jurisprudence), while more practical guidelines for muftis were found in manuals called adab al-mufti or adab al-fatwa (etiquette of the mufti/fatwa). Fatwas are issued in response to a query. They can range from a simple yes/no answer to a book-length treatise. A short fatwa may state a well-known point of law in response to a question from a lay person, while a "major" fatwa may give a judgment on an unprecedented case, detailing the legal reasoning behind the decision.
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Membership of the Representative Body includes the chairman of the Diocesan Board of Finance of each of the member dioceses, the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Governing Body, the Archbishop of Wales, one cleric and one lay person elected by the Diocesan Conference of each diocese, up to four members nominated by the Bench of Bishops and up to two co-opted members. Clerical members need to hold or have held an ecclesiastical office in the Church in Wales or a licence from a Welsh Diocesan Bishop. Lay members need to be between the ages of eighteen and seventy-five. The Representative Body normally meets three times a year.
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Welsh, Jennifer. "The Cult of St. Anne in Medieval and Early Modern Europe", Routledge, 2016, In 1497, the German Benedictine Abbot Johannes Trithemius, in his De purissima et immaculate conception virginis Marie et de festivitate sancta Annematris eius linked the Immaculate Conception to devotion to St. Anne. While the matter of the Immaculate Conception remained a subject of debate between philosophers and theologians, the depiction of Joachim and Anne Meeting at the Golden Gate was sometimes interpreted as a symbolic representation of the conception of Mary. Anne was revered as the avia Christi (grandmother of Christ), matriarch of the Holy Kinship, a devout lay person and exemplary mother.
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Public Forum debate is often described as more accessible than policy debate. Unlike policy, which has one topic per year, PF debate topics switch every month and are based on current events. In policy debate, participants tend to "spread", or speak very fast, something that is less common in PF, making PF more understandable to the average "lay" person. Lincoln-Douglas debate tends to focus on philosophical questions, in contrast to PF. Parliamentary debate is much less structured than PF, and participants are not made aware of their topics until 15-20 minutes before their round, giving them little time to prep and research.
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Ordinarily the priest celebrant himself gives the homily, but he may entrust it to a concelebrating priest or to the deacon, but never to a lay person. In particular cases and for a just cause, a bishop or priest who is present but cannot concelebrate may give the homily. On days other than Sundays and Holy Days of Obligation, the homily, though not obligatory, is recommended.GIRM, paragraph 66 On Sundays and solemnities, all then profess their Christian faith by reciting or singing the Nicene Creed or, especially from Easter to Pentecost, the Apostles' Creed, which is particularly associated with baptism and is often used in Masses for children.
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After his arrival in New England, Wheelwright preached primarily to the Boston settlers who owned land at Mount Wollaston, still considered a part of Boston, but located about ten miles south of the Boston meetinghouse. Within months, someone had alerted magistrate John Winthrop, a lay person in the Boston church, that Wheelwright was harboring familist and antinomian doctrines. Familism, the theology of the Family of Love, involved one's perfect union with God under the Holy Spirit, coupled with freedom from both sin, and the responsibility for it. Antinomianism, or being freed from moral law under the covenant of grace, was a form of familism.
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During the appointed day of fasting on 19 January 1637, John Cotton preached in the morning, focusing his sermon on the need for pacification and reconciliation. Wheelwright then spoke in the afternoon, and while in the eyes of a lay person his sermon may have appeared benign and non-threatening, to the Puritan clergy it was "censurable and incited mischief". Historian Michael Winship more pointedly called it a "bitterly uncharitable sermon" and the "most notorious Boston contribution to the escalation of pulpit rhetoric". There was no immediate reaction to the sermon, other than Winthrop noting in his journal that "the ministers were now disputing the doctrinal issues in their pulpits".
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Turkish mufti (1687 engraving) The legal theory of the ifta was formulated in the classical texts of usul al-fiqh (principles of jurisprudence), while more practical guidelines for muftis were found in manuals called adab al-mufti or adab al-fatwa (etiquette of the mufti/fatwa). A mufti's fatwa is issued in response to a query. Fatwas can range from a simple yes/no answer to a book- length treatise. A short fatwa may state a well-known point of law in response to a question from a lay person, while a "major" fatwa may give a judgment on an unprecedented case, detailing the legal reasoning behind the decision.
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Then, the validity of the baptism is in question. In that case, a conditional baptism is later performed by an ordinary minister of the sacrament with certainly valid matter. In a typical baptism, the minister of the sacrament (in the Catholic Church usually a deacon or a priest, but sometimes, especially when the baptized is in imminent danger of death, a lay person) says : I baptize you in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy SpiritBook of Common Prayer p. 307 while pouring water upon the head of the one being baptized, or immersing him or her in water.
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When it moved to Detroit its president was George Hermann Derry, who was the first lay person to serve as a president of a Catholic women's college in the United States. In the decades after World War I, Marygrove College was an important local center of Catholic social action. Faculty members were chosen for their education, character, and faith, and President Derry encouraged each student to look beyond the prospect of eventual marriage and to become capable of "doing her part in the world's work in whatever sphere of life she may be placed". By 1936, the college catalog spoke in far more emphatic terms of female independence.
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Also all the diaconal ministers, home missioners and the deaconesses under Episcopal appointment are lay members. When there are multiple congregations in a charge conference, members from each congregation in that charge are encouraged to become at- large members. After all lay members who hold their seat by virtue of office or position are seated and if additional lay members are needed the annual conference will elect any active United Methodist lay person who is interested in holding that position. Among their other duties the annual conference elects delegates to the general, jurisdictional and central conferences, and votes on amendments to the church constitution.
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This story was very popular in Buddhist India, as derived from epigraphical evidence from the first centuries CE, and can be found in both the Pāli and Chinese Buddhist scriptures. In the Pāli version of the story, it is prefaced by the life of a man who is ordained as a monk. After having been a monk for 17 years, he discovers his parents are abused by their servants and are starving. He then feels he needs to choose between the monastic vocation and taking care of his destitute parents as a lay person, since he assumes he cannot do so as a monk.
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He met two female oral storytellers in Taiyuan, and found that their story programs include many of Guan Yu's stories and teachings. He discovered that one of the main reasons that Guan Yu's teachings could reach deep into the minds of the illiterate lay person in remote areas was the contribution of oral storytelling. Oral reading of scripture is part of ritual worship of the deity. According to records, during the 17th century, Chinese immigrants in Nagasaki, Japan saw Guan Yu as a protector deity, and their worshiping ritual was extravagant: besides setting up food offerings, dragon dancing, etc, they also hired Buddhist or Taoist monks to recite the True Scripture to Awaken the World.
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Charged in 1586 with harbouring priests, (among them Francis Ingleby) she refused to plead to her indictment (probably to shield her children from being interrogated or tortured), and was executed by the gruesome process of peine forte et dure (being pressed to death).Fraser, Antonia The Gunpowder Plot- Terror and Faith in 1605 Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1997 pp.29-30 Such severity towards a lay person, especially a woman, was unusual. For example there is no record of any legal proceedings being taken against Anne, Lady Arundell, widow of Sir John Arundell of Lanherne, for harbouring the Catholic martyr Father John Cornelius, who was executed in 1594: Lady Arundell retrieved his body to give it proper burial.
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He practiced privately from 1969 to 1978 in the Bridgewater firm of Kenney, Theakson, Kennedy & Allen. He was appointed on the recommendation of a recruitment committee, which considered applications from current Provincial Court judges. The committee consists of the Chief Justice of Nova Scotia (who chairs the committee), the Chief Judge of the Family Court, the outgoing Chief Judge of the Provincial Court, the president of the Provincial Judges' Association, and a lay person (without a law degree) designated by the Canadian Minister of Justice. He was previously a judge of the Provincial Court from 1978 to 1993, at which point he was appointed Chief Judge of the Provincial Court of Nova Scotia.
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Low humidity from air conditioning was found to be the most common cause of physical irritant contact dermatitis. To the lay person a definition of low humidity being a physical irritant can be confusing because low humidity is a deficit (or absence) of an elemental substance, whereas all other irritants implicated in contact dermatitis are in concentrations of relative abundance. So the irritant is actually a lack of water vapour. This confusion is further compounded with the use of the term contact implying 'touching' (as is the case with all other forms of physical irritant contact dermatitis) whereas in the case of low humidity physical irritant contact dermatitis there is an absence of contact with water vapour.
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MLV imbibed much of GNB's style, but did not make a fetish of speed and struck out on her own, evolving an inimitable style of her own.Calutta K.S. Krishnamurthi, 'Sruti' Issue 98 Nov 1992 Endowed with a fluid voice and rich imagination, the initials MLV could be an acronym for Melody, Laya and Vidwat, the watchwords of her rare musical artistry that were an aural feast to both the lay person and to the cognoscenti. Her leisurely, exploratory and adventurous manner of handling the ragas deserves special mention. While MLV was known more for her cerebral style, rather than her emotional one, this was compensated for by her rich and original manodharma.
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He showed a constant personal interest in all the activities of the school, academic, religious, and social. During the ensuing fifteen years, the chief building project was the retrofitting of the parish church and the parish elementary school, both of which had suffered damage in the earthquakes of 1971 and 1987, whereas the high school building had stood firm. Msgr. Lirette retired in 1996 during the principalship of Ms Jacqueline Kresal, who had assumed duties as the first lay principal in 1987. Holy Family High School has been served by seven B.V.M. principals since its founding in 1937, and is now led by its seventh lay-person, Dr. Joe Reiken, as Head of School (2017–Present).
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Lastly, the precepts, together with the triple gem, became a required condition for the practice of Buddhism, as lay people had to undergo a formal initiation to become a member of the Buddhist religion. When Buddhism spread to different places and people, the role of the precepts began to vary. In countries in which Buddhism was adopted as the main religion without much competition from other religious disciplines, such as Thailand, the relation between the initiation of a lay person and the five precepts has been virtually non-existent, and the taking of the precepts has become a sort of ritual cleansing ceremony. In such countries, people are presumed Buddhist from birth without much of an initiation.
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Confession, along with marriage, requires the granting of the required faculty for validity: "The valid absolution of sins requires that the minister have, in addition to the power of orders, the faculty of exercising it for the faithful to whom he imparts absolution" (Code of Canon Law 966.1). In a document from the Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith, published on 4 April 2017, local ordinaries are authorized to grant SSPX priests faculties to validly assist at marriages. For validity of marriage, marital consent must be declared "before the local ordinary, pastor, or a priest or deacon delegated by either of them" (Canon 1108). This priest, deacon or lay person (see can.
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Myer won the International Retailers Award in 1970. On Australia Day 1976 he was appointed a Companion of the Order of Australia (AC).It’s an Honour: AC In 1989 the Australian Libraries and Information Association gave Myer its Redmond Barry Award, which goes to a lay person not employed in a library who has rendered outstanding service to the promotion of a library and to the promotion of a library and the practice of librarianship. In April 1992 Myer was elected to the Fellowship of the Australian Academy of Science, under the provision for special election of people who are not scientists but have rendered conspicuous service to the cause of science.
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Fatwas were solicited by men and women from all social classes. A mufti could be an obscure scholar, who occasionally replied to queries from people in his neighborhood, or, at the other extreme, a famous jurist or a powerful state official. The level of technical detail supplied in a fatwa, such as citations of sources or specification of legal methodologies employed, depended on the technical level of the petitioner. In theory, a petitioner was supposed to verify the mufti's scholarly reputation, but mufti manuals (adab al-mufti) recognized that it would be difficult for a lay person to do so, and advised the petitioner to trust their sense of the mufti's piety and ideally follow the advice of a single scholar known for exemplary morals.
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Two useful methods evolved during the 18th century and are still practised today: lunar distance, which does not involve the use of a chronometer, and use of an accurate timepiece or chronometer. Presently, lay-person calculations of longitude can be made by noting the exact local time (leaving out any reference for Daylight Saving Time) when the sun is at its highest point in the sky. The calculation of noon can be made more easily and accurately with a small, exactly vertical rod driven into level ground—take the time reading when the shadow is pointing due north (in the northern hemisphere). Then take your local time reading and subtract it from GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) or the time in London, England.
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He sketched all his life, including delightful if irreverent sketches in the edges of his school books. According to James Reed,James Reed, From Private Vice to Public Virtue: The Birth Control Movement and American Society Since 1830 (Basic Books, 1978), Chapters 11-13 as a boy of ten, Rob Dickinson was trying to beach a boat that he and his father had built. An eddy drove the metal prow into Dickinson's abdomen, gashing it deeply. Holding the two sides of the wound together and some internal organs inside, Dickinson dragged himself to shore; his injury was stitched by a lay person, but it took a long time to heal and a scar remained for the rest of his life.
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It created the Executive, Legislative and Judicial branches, as well as a fourth branch, called the Conservative Branch, which exercised state control, something similar to the current Comptroller. It abolished the fueros to the military and the Church and drafted the rights of the citizen. It appointed the official name of Free State of Costa Rica and demanded that in order to be Head or Deputy Chief of State it would be required to be a Costa Rican by birth, a lay person, thirty years-old and owner of a property not less than one thousand pesos or an annual income of two hundred or be a professional of some science. It also prescribed a period of four years with consecutive reelection once.
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To the southwest of the village centre are the remains of the village of Wyck, a deserted medieval village abandoned in the 14th century. Some idea of the population of the area in the 14th century is given by the number assessed as being liable to the poll tax of 1377: every lay person over the age of 14 years who was not a beggar had to pay a groat (4d) to the Crown. The number of taxpayers in Hatch, East and West (in Tisbury) was 152, and in Tisbury there were 281. On John Speed's map of Wiltshire of 1611, the village's name is recorded as Tilburye: the cartographer or the engraver clearly having mistaken a long s for an l.
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Ah Naam taught the style to many people in the region and one of his students was Wong Fook Go. Wong Fook Go Wong Fook Go () was initially a lay person but later became a traveling monk. He travelled throughout Southern China including Wai Yearn village in the area of Tung Kung (East River). Lau Soei (1866-1942) Grand Master Lau Soei 劉水 (1866-1942) Lau Soei () was an accomplished teacher of the martial arts in his home village of Wai Yearn (HuiYang) in GuangDong Province, Southern China before meeting Wong Fook Go. Oral traditions suggested that Lau challenged Wong and was soundly defeated by Wong. Lau then became a student of Wong and became proficient in the Chow Gar Southern Praying Mantis.
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In Roman Catholic Eucharistic liturgy, must may be substituted for sacramental wine, on condition that the ordinary has granted permission for the benefit of a priest or lay person who should not, usually because of alcoholism, ingest wine; but in normal circumstances it may not be used in place of wine."Gluten Allergies/Alcohol Intolerance and the Bread and Wine used at Mass", circular letter Prot. 89/78-174 98 of 24 July 2003, Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, to Presidents of Episcopal Conferences. Official Roman Catholic documents define must (mustum in Latin) precisely as "grape juice that is either fresh or preserved by methods that suspend its fermentation without altering its nature (for example, freezing)", and it excludes pasteurized grape juice.
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Each parish is charged to a parish priest (or pastor in the United States), although pastoral care of one or more parishes can also be entrusted to a team of priests in solidum under the direction of one of them, who is to be answerable to the bishop for their activity. In extraordinary situations, a share in the pastoral care of a parish can also be entrusted to a deacon or lay person under the supervision of a priest. Canon 519 states: In American usage, a "parish priest" is any priest assigned to a parish even in a subordinate capacity, and some may be designated as associate pastors or assistant pastors. Globally they may be known as assistant priests, parochial vicars or curates.
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After Davis' death, OSNews editor Thom Holwerda wrote: "Davis was clearly a gifted programmer – writing an entire operating system is no small feat – and it was sad to see him affected by his mental illness". One fan described Davis as a "programming legend", while another, a computer engineer, compared the development of TempleOS to a one-man-built skyscraper. The engineer had previously spoken to Davis at length and believed that Davis could have been a "Steve Jobs" or a "Steve Wozniak" were it not for his illness. He added that it "actually boggles my mind that one man wrote all that" and that it was "hard for a lay person to understand what a phenomenal achievement" it is to write an entire operating system alone.
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The next morning his elderly aunt who was living with the family was also found dead in her bed from natural causes. All charges associated with the incident would eventually be dropped but the paranormal activity in the house increased like a dam had been broken. Within a month Bob was at his wits end and decided to contact the Catholic Church for help (the Cranmers were not Catholics at the time.) The mayor of Pittsburgh, Tom Murphy, who was a personal friend of Cranmer, went to see the then Bishop of Pittsburgh, Donald Wuerl, to request the assistance of the Diocese. Wuerl would assign management of the case to Father Ron Lengwin who would eventually be assisted by several other priests and one lay person, Connie Valenti.
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Lay Cardinal Teodolfo Mertel A lay cardinal was a cardinal in the College of Cardinals of the Catholic Church who was a lay person, that is, who had never have been given major orders through ordination as a deacon, priest, or bishop. Properly speaking these cardinals were not laymen, since they were all given what was called first tonsure, which at that time made them clerics and no longer laymen.Cf. canon 108 of the 1917 Code of Canon Law They were also given minor orders, which were no obstacle to marrying or to living in a marriage previously contracted. The freedom to marry and to live in marriage is likely the reason that cardinals who were not in major orders were popularly, though inaccurately, referred to as lay cardinals.
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Lamb started a newspaper at Oak Ridge, for which he wrote articles while also encouraging others to contribute. Barker and his colleagues were so impressed by the young man's progress that they began to take him to lectures at Ontario Police College in Aylmer, where they introduced him as evidence of rehabilitation's potential. After about five years at Oak Ridge, the matter of Lamb's liberty was taken up by a five-man Advisory Review Board made up of Ontario Supreme Court Justice Edson Haines, two independent psychiatrists unrelated to Lamb's case, a lawyer and a lay person. The advisory board's recommendation that Lamb be released was approved by the Ontario Executive Council in early 1973; the board gave him a clean bill of health and said he was no longer dangerous.
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However, he failed to gain the support needed of the Democratic precinct committeemen making the selection of Evan's replacement and ended third place in their voting. Throughout his 20 years as Mayor of Rock Island, Schwiebert won numerous awards and recognitions. He won the Spiritual Aims Award; Lay Person of the Year; Iowa-Illinois District Kiwanis, 1989; Distinguished Service Award - Rock Island Jaycees, 1990; Illinois Quad Cities Chamber of Commerce Intergovernmental Cooperation Award, 1990; named a Paul Harris Fellow, Rock Island Rotary, 1992; Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from Augustana College, 2003; U.S. Army Commander's Award for Public Service, 2009; Isaak Walton League Civic Award for Environmental Leadership, 2009; and Sustainability Leadership Award from the City of Rock Island, 2009. In 2010, Schwiebert Riverfront Park on the Mississippi riverfront was named for him.
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The basic aim of such a project is to push toward implementing such thinking in the society, and the means with which this goal will be achieved is the position of logical positivism, or 'scientific empiricism', the term he prefers. Success in this project requires positive reception form the society, which happened partially on the intellectual as well as governmental levels, but not on the general and lay person one. Hence, in the second phase, his believe in 'scientific thinking' as a necessary societal value, remained the same but in the form of an underlying structure covered by the study and analysis of the rational trends of Islamic heritage. Therefore, once again, the study of Islamic heritage was a pragmatic move in order to overcome resistance against his call for 'scientific thinking'.
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First, he considered that there are material differences between the perspective of the inquiry, accepting that the real likelihood of bias test directs the inquiry at whether the court thinks there is a real likelihood or danger of bias, while the reasonable suspicion test considers it from the perspective of the public. He also considered that even with the rider that "likelihood" is to be equated with "possibility", there is still a significant difference between the court inquiring whether it thinks there is a sufficient (or real) possibility that the tribunal or court was biased on the one hand, and, on the other, whether a lay person might reasonably entertain such an apprehension, even if the court was satisfied that there was in fact no such danger.Shankar Alan, p. 105, para. 69.
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Over 100 medical schools in the United States now have a WCC, and many students now consider it a rite of passage in the journey toward a healthcare career. Some schools also use this as a graduation from the entire program. For example, Moreno Valley College has a White Coat Ceremony for the Physician Assistant students at the end of their final term, where the short coats are discarded and long coats are given as a symbol of being equal clinicians to others who have earned the long coats. According to some, WCCs have taken on a quasi- religious significance, that symbolizes a "conversion" of a lay person into a member of the healthcare profession and is similar to a priest's ordination to the priesthood, although it is notable that the white coat is a recent adoption by the medical profession.
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Sometimes a temple starts as a house temple, which grows into a formal shikharbandi Jinalaya when the community grows to be sufficiently large.As Mumbai Jain temple wraps up celebrations, silence shrouds its predecessor in Pakistan Yashwant K. Malaiya, Express Tribune, May 18, 2012 श्री गोड़ी पार्श्वनाथ, Acharya Vimal Sagar Suri, शेठ अमीचंदभाई ने आराधना के लिए अपने घर में गृह जिनालय बनाया था। Jain author Haribhadra Suri states in one of his famous grantha Sambodh prakran that- If a lay person has savings more than 100 rupees, then there must be a _Ghar derasar_ at his/her home. Further he says that the house which does not have a Ghar derasar is not a home, it is a graveyard. In that derasar, a pratima of Tirthankara must be installed, on which the rituals of anjanashalaka(Panch Kalyanaka Pratishtha Mahotsava) must be done.
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Traditionally, Theravāda Buddhism has observed a distinction between the practices suitable for a lay person and the practices undertaken by ordained monks (in ancient times, there was a separate body of practices for nuns). While the possibility of significant attainment by laymen is not entirely disregarded by the Theravāda, it generally occupies a position of less prominence than in the Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna traditions, with monastic life being hailed as a superior method of achieving Nirvana. The view that Theravāda, unlike other Buddhist schools, is primarily a monastic tradition has, however, been disputed. This distinction between ordained monks and laypeople – as well as the distinction between those practices advocated by the Pāli Canon, and the folk religious elements embraced by many monks – have motivated some scholars to consider Theravāda Buddhism to be composed of multiple separate traditions, overlapping though still distinct.
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When administered to those on the point of death, the sacraments of Penance, Anointing of the Sick and Viaticum (Holy Communion administered to someone who is dying) are sometimes called the last rites. What in the judgment of the Catholic Church are properly described as the last rites are Viaticum, and the ritual prayers of Commendation of the Dying, and Prayers for the Dead.M. Francis Mannion, "Anointing or last rites?" in Our Sunday Visitor Newsweekly The normal order of administration of these three sacraments to the dying is: first Reconciliation (if the dying person is physically unable to confess, absolution is given conditionally on the existence of contrition), then Anointing, then Viaticum. Only a priest or bishop can administer the sacraments of Reconciliation and Anointing of the Sick, but a lay person may give a dying person Holy Communion as "Viaticum, the Last Sacrament of the Christian".
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Because of their location, new style, and beauty, the three dorms acquired the name of "Gold Coast". Howard Hall was also the first building to be named after a lay person – Notre Dame Law Professor, poet, Civil War soldier, historian, first Laetare Medal winner and Indiana State senator and Indiana Supreme Court Justice Timothy Edward Howard. It was the first building of the Freshman Unit to be built, and was later followed by Morrissey Hall and Lyons Hall, and when it opened in the fall of 1925 it hosted about 150 freshmen. The dorm was converted from a male to a female residence hall in 1987, during the period in which the University shifted to co-education and planned to increase the female population by 150 annually from 1987 to 1990, requiring the conversion of male halls into female ones and the construction of new ones.
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Spiritual direction, one- on-one coaching with a more experienced lay person or priest, is considered the "paramount means" of training. Through these activities they provide religious instruction (doctrinal formation), coaching in spirituality for lay people (spiritual formation), character and moral education (human formation), lessons in sanctifying one's work (professional formation), and know-how in evangelizing one's family and workplace (apostolic formation). Central building of the University of Navarra The official Catholic document which established the prelature states that Opus Dei strives "to put into practice the teaching of the universal call to sanctity, and to promote at all levels of society the sanctification of ordinary work, and by means of ordinary work." Thus, the founder and his followers describe members of Opus Dei as resembling the members of the early Christian Church—ordinary workers who seriously sought holiness with nothing exterior to distinguish them from other citizens.
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Following the death of Peter Hinchliff in 1995 the Regius professorship was held by Henry Mayr-Harting, a Roman Catholic layman, from 1997 until 2003, and was taken up by another lay person, Sarah Foot, in Michaelmas Term 2007. Three other Statutory Professorships, the Regius Professorship of Divinity, Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity, recently held by the famous Anglican theologian, John Macquarrie, and Regius Professorship of Moral and Pastoral Theology, are annexed to canonries of Christ Church and were until recently held only by Anglican priests.Flemish canon in official clerical dress of canons At Durham, the canon professorships are the Van Mildert Professor of Divinity, the holder of which must be an Anglican priest, and the Michael Ramsey Professor of Anglican Studies, who must be Anglican but did not have to be ordained. Historically, the chair in Greek at the university was also a canon professorship.
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A celebrant who is to say two Masses in the same church uses the same chalice for both, not purifying it at the first Mass. If the second Mass is to be said in a different church, the celebrant immediately after the last Gospel of the first Mass returns to the centre of the altar, consumes whatever drops of the Precious Blood may still remain in the chalice, and then purifies the chalice into a glass on the altar, is consumed together with the second ablution of a subsequent Mass, or emptied into the sacrarium. It might even be given to a lay person who is in the state of grace and fasting, as is done with the water in which the priest's fingers are cleansed, when Holy Communion is given to the sick. The chalice thus purified at the end of the first Mass may be used for the second Mass or not, as the celebrant may see fit.
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As a condition for validity, the sacrament is celebrated in the presence of the local Ordinary or Parish Priest or of a cleric delegated by them (or in certain limited circumstances a lay person delegated by the diocesan Bishop with the approval of the Episcopal Conference and the permission of the Holy See) and at least two other witnesses,canons 1108 and 1112 of the Code of Canon Law though in the theological tradition of the Latin Church the ministers of the sacrament uniquely are the couple themselves. For a valid marriage, a man and a woman must express their conscious and free consent to a definitive self-giving to the other, excluding none of the essential properties and aims of marriage. If one of the two is a non-Catholic Christian, their marriage is licit only if the permission of the competent authority of the Catholic Church is obtained. If one of the two is not a Christian (i.e.
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Between clergy of equal rank the same is done but at the end the parties kiss one another on the hand. Orthodox of lower ranks (lay people, altar servers and deacons) when meeting Orthodox priests (or higher ranks) receive a blessing by folding their hands (right over left) palm upwards while he of the priestly office makes the sign of the cross in the air with his hand over the folded hands of the lay person and then places that hand on the folded hands of he of lower rank for him to kiss. This is done because the Orthodox view the priestly office as the one through which Christ lives with his people and thus the blessing is the essential bestowing of Christ's love and grace through His priest to the Orthodox person being blessed. Blessings like this are also used during services to signify the approval of Christ and the Church for some action a lower order person is going to do.
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In 1977 Wijngaards wrote Did Christ Rule out Women Priests? (McCrimmon, Great Wakering) in response to Inter Insigniores (1976), the declaration by the Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith in which the Vatican's reasons for excluding women are clearly spelled out. In the decades that followed Rome reiterated its inability to confer ordination on women, culminating in Ordinatio sacerdotalis (1995) and subsequent documents by which the discussion by theologians was curtailed.Responsum ad Dubium (1995), Ad Tuendam Fidem (1998). In protest, Wijngaards resigned from his priestly ministry on 17 September 1998.“Since I perceive Rome’s ban on women’s ordination as not legitimately founded on Scripture or Tradition, not arrived at after proper consultation in the Church, harmful to ecumenism and highly injurious to the spiritual wellbeing of the faithful, I feel bound in conscience to continue voicing my sincere opposition.” The Times; The Daily Telegraph, both 18 September 1998; The Tablet, 19 September 1998; The Guardian, 24 September 1998. His request for official reduction to the status of a lay person was acknowledged by Rome on 21 February 2000.
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John Koukouzeles, saint and one of the most famous maistores of Psaltic Art at Constantinople, leading a choir by the cheironomic gesture of Ison (picture of a 15th-century chant manuscript at the Great Lavra Monastery, Mount Athos) In the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic Churches, a cantor, also called a chanter (; ), is a monk or a lay person in minor orders who chants responses and hymns in the services of the church. Michael Prokurat, Alexander Golitzin, Michael D. Peterson, The A to Z of the Orthodox Church, Rowman & Littlefield, USA, 2010, p. 199 There are several titles for the psaltes, which depend on the recognition of his capabilities as a chanter, sometimes connected with an employment, by the local or Ecumenical Patriarchate. In some smaller communities it is also possible, that the community sings within an oral tradition and without any instruction by a protopsaltes, in other Orthodox Rites, there are various hierarchical offices, which can be passed during a long career, connected with a lifelong process of learning.
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This was held to be inappropriate and unfair given the size of the modern profession, as well as a possible source of improper government patronage (since the final recommendations were made by the Lord Chancellor, who is a member of the government), and discriminatory against part-time workers (especially women) and ethnic minorities. In November 2004, after much public debate in favour of and against retaining the title (see for example Sasha Wass QC), the government announced that appointments of Queen's Counsel in England would be resumed but that future appointees would be chosen not by the government but by a nine-member panel, chaired by a lay person, to include two barristers, two solicitors, one retired judge, and three non-lawyers. Formally, the appointment remains a royal one made on the advice of the Lord Chancellor, but he/she no longer comments on individual applications. The Lord Chancellor supervises the process and reviews the panel's recommendations in general terms (to be satisfied that the process as operated is fair and efficient).
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There was certainly no clear call for the emancipation of all existing slaves, as had already happened in the British and French Empires. > "We, by apostolic authority, warn and strongly exhort... that no one in the > future dare to bother unjustly, despoil of their possessions, or reduce to > slavery Indians, Blacks or other such peoples... We prohibit and strictly > forbid any Ecclesiastic or lay person from presuming to defend as > permissible this trade in Blacks under no matter what pretext or excuse, or > from publishing or teaching in any manner whatsoever, in public or > privately, opinions contrary to what We have set forth in these Apostolic > Letters" (In supremo apostolatus, 1839). The Bull was ignored by the Spanish and Portuguese governments, both at that point of an anti-clerical cast and on poor terms with the Vatican generally. The ambiguity in the text allowed some Catholics, including some bishops in the United States and elsewhere, to continue to say that the owning of slaves was permitted by the church, while others claimed that it was a general condemnation of slave-owning.
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Ames contributed to his field by publishing four textbooks, serving on the editorial staff of the Astrophysical Journal and Harper's Scientific Monthly, delivering Northwestern University's Harris Lectures on "The Constitution of Matter", co-authoring a book, Theoretical Mechanics, and holding the office of president of the American Physical Society, of which he was a charter member. His expertise also led to his being called to chair the Foreign Service Committee of the National Research Council, to direct the educational work of the United States Bureau of Standards, to lead a wartime scientific mission to France, and to head the executive committee of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), predecessor to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). As a faculty member, Ames was considered an excellent teacher, able to explain complex principles of physics in terms a lay person could understand. Whereas Rowland was known for delivering lectures that prompted more questions than they answered, Ames' lectures displayed a mastery of the subject that was frequently commented on favorably by students and colleagues.
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In the East an antimension signed by the bishop is kept on the altar partly as a reminder of whose altar it is and under whose omophorion the priest at a local parish is serving. For priests to validly celebrate the sacrament of Penance they must have faculties (permission and authority) from the local bishop; however when the penitent is in danger of death, a priest has both the right and obligation to hear the confession no matter where he may be. To preside at matrimony ceremonies, Latin Church priests and deacons must have appropriate jurisdiction or delegation from a competent authority. In the Latin branch of the Catholic Church, the teaching is that it is the couple themselves who administer the graces of the sacrament; thus, although it is normally an ordained person who officiates at a marriage ceremony, a bishop may delegate a lay person to be present for the exchange of vows; this would be done only in extreme cases such as in mission territories.
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