Interpolating his childhood fantasies with his first adult steps is infantilizing, and it works against the movie's overall message.
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By interpolating between these age markers, Ms. Wallace and her collaborators estimated when each layer of hurricane-transported debris was deposited.
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By the end of the song, she's interpolating 50 Cent's "Just a Lil Bit," proving this singer's Queens lineage runs deep.
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Well, it uses pixel binning: combining the information of four pixels into one, and then re-interpolating back up to its full resolution.
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You usually still get the same number of pixels, which is accomplished by interpolating a lower number of pixels to cover the full image.
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He teases luxury out of the mundane, interpolating carnations as flagrant as a cheerleader's pompoms and puffs of baby's breath customarily disdained as filler.
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Sure, you might hear it the same in your ears, but over time it raises your stress to keep mentally interpolating the missing sound data.
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But she made the pair of outings count, interpolating an A flat that was, at the time, the highest note ever on the Met stage.
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But his reputation rested equally on his abilities as a composer and arranger for large ensembles, interpolating bebop's crosshatched rhythms and extended improvisations into lush tapestries.
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There's "Hush," a jazzy four minutes that features Rose half-rapping and half-interpolating children's spirituals—a nod to her own split from an upbringing in Christianity.
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While Monáe's knowledge of music history and her facility with genre have produced elegantly complex and information-rich songs, these are retro syntheses, committed to interpolating history.
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But rather than learn traditional Western repertoire, Kadri set about interpolating the ragas (harmonic modes) and gamakams (ornaments and slurs) of classical South Indian music into saxophone playing.
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On Deliverance, Sparxxx mixes rapping with singing, interpolating Yonder Mountain String Band on tracks like "Comin' Round" and adding fiddle and guitar sounds into Timbaland's bank of samples.
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Biden was out by September, having made the mistake that unraveled his campaign (interpolating a speech by Labour Party leader Neil Kinnock, without credit) at the Iowa State Fair.
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For those of us who do not work in the music industry, interpolating a song is when an original recording rather than the original master copy is incorporated into a song.
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ESPN's Home Run Tracker, interpolating data from tapes, meteorological conditions and eyewitnesses, projects that it would have traveled 218 feet if it had completed its arc and landed on River Avenue.
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Woods' soulful debut album, 2016's HEAVN, was almost diary-like in its introspection, interpolating music from her childhood to express deeper truths about her city, her identity, and her family.
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Interpolating a pair of classics by the Ruff Ryders star might seem like an odd call for an artist not typically regarded for his, err, toughness, it fits the track's braggadocio rhymes.
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Listening to "Proud Of Me," the dance pop- interpolating lead single off the young Atlanta rapper's debut album, it's not a surprise to learn that the Goose-produced cut started as a Thugger track.
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Her debut single, "Nina," touched on themes of reclamation and freedom in homage to Nina Simone, interpolating samples of Simone talking against a guitar riff and horns, textured R&B vocals, resonant harmonies and sparse beats.
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She channels the combative energy of her predecessors on "Mobb'n," exercising the dichotomy of her glam and grit by interpolating Crime Mob's "Knuck If You Buck," led by Princess and Diamond, over a TRU "Hoody Hoo" sample.
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Best Verse: Juicy JOverall Grade: C "Plain Jane" and "No Limit" have been twinned in the public's mind, as the two songs "Slob On My Knob"-interpolating tracks simultaneously rose up the charts over the last few months.
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Just like rock and jazz before it, the music will expand and mutate, with rappers like the Chendu/Brooklyn artist Bohan Phoenix interpolating Asian instrumental samples and bilingual lyricism, forming new strains of hip-hop that are truly intercontinental.
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It's a result of what's called "motion smoothing," also often called the "soap opera effect," a process that artificially increases the frame rate of a program by interpolating images between the 24 frames that televisions usually run every second.
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The Todd Terje interpolating "Candy" should be the kind of sub-Radio 2 whimsy that's only adored by local radio breakfast show presenters and the terminally dimwitted, but somehow the Robster pulls it off and you're left confused but fundamentally charmed.
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The underestimate may be as large as 50% in some places, study co-author and director of NASA GISS Gavin Schmidt tells Axios, noting that the GISTEMP data set relies on interpolating Arctic regional temperatures from readings at far-flung land-based stations.
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This is sexy shit with pop appeal, particularly the more upbeat numbers like "All In" and (the "Superman" by Five Fighting-interpolating?) "Back It Up," which should lay waste to half-measure versions of this type of hazy digital era sex jam.
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His objections to a rule at issue are highly likely to have flowed from his view that in a democracy, Congress should make the major decisions about regulation, not unelected officials of the Washington bureaucracy interpolating from statutory language passed many years before.
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He took piano lessons from an early age and joined a blues band, Gary Farr and the T-Bones, before helping to form the Nice, which combined psychedelic rock, jazz and symphonic music, interpolating Dvorak, Sibelius and Leonard Bernstein's "America," among other sources.
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Instead there's only an archipelago of fragments—existing games, concept art, bootleg alpha builds, and now Marc Laidlaw's post—across which fans must draw their own imagined coherence, interpolating between these ruined islands a vision of what Half-Life 3 might have been.
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What follows is both resolutely weird and indisputably awesome, as Wayne careens from walking in the strip club alone and leaving with two girls to interpolating Kanye West's "Jesus Walks" via a quick jack of the sample to his murderous declaration of intent for what is about to happen in rap.
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When we first heard DJ Mustard's Travis Scott-featuring "Whole Lotta Lovin" in early January, we knew it was going to be a hit, thanks to the former's signature synth lines and the latter's Auto-Tuned crooning (the rapper interpolating CeCe Peniston's 1991 chart-topping classic "Finally" didn't hurt its chances either).
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Reshuffling and montaging its scenes, adding live Greek-style music (by Michael Bruce), interpolating shards of at least four other Shakespeare plays and the entirety of Sonnet 53, he and Emily Burns, who together edited the text, attempt the dramaturgical paradox of making one unified work from the spare parts of many.
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A manager associated with investment firm Napier Park included language in a preliminary deal document for its Regatta X CLO late last year that allowed for Libor on the CLO tranches to reset to a rate "interpolating" between one-month and three-month Libor if at least 50% of the collateral is using the one-month rate.
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I think Calvin got a little too cocky with this deep house cut interpolating the Bee Gees that sounds like it could have come out at any point over the last three decades but is also drenched in pop cultural references from Daft Punk's vocoder to the video featuring Gigi Hadid fondling her hair for four minutes.
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For the track, Tygapaw, real name Dion McKenzie, takes on the almost baroque-sounding "Bad Girl" featuring Missy Elliot, off 2008's Welcome to the Dollhouse, interpolating it with work from Russian producer AN SYSTEM—the result sounds like an assembly of machines tearing each other apart in polyrhythmic synchrony, bringing the a cappella into a slightly more unglued and exhilarating register.
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When Ryan then turns to Brooklyn's queer bard Walt Whitman in Chapter 19433, he has a little trouble getting his bearings, wrongly locating the Brooklyn Navy Yard to the west of the neighborhood Vinegar Hill, mistakenly interpolating a "the" into the title of Whitman's famous poem "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry" and improbably suggesting that Whitman studied ancient Greek (the poet's formal schooling ended at age 11).
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The brilliant curators of the Clark show, Esther Bell and George T. M. Shackelford, demonstrate Renoir's pivotal place in French painting of the nude by interpolating apposite works by such predecessors as Boucher, Corot, and, especially, Courbet, whose nudes are like libidinous four-alarm fires; by Renoir's contemporaries, the sardonic Degas and the conscientious Cézanne; and by members of the next generation, notably Picasso, Matisse, Valadon, and Bonnard.
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He's the author of Superpolator, the application for interpolating font styles.
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Interpolation is prevalent in many genres of popular music; early examples are the Beatles interpolating "La Marseillaise", among four other interpolations in the 1967 song "All You Need Is Love", and Lyn Collins interpolating lyrics from the 5 Royales' "Think" in her similarly titled 1972 song "Think (About It)". One genre where interpolating (as well as sampling) is highly prevalent is hip hop music; a prominent example is Stevie Wonder's "Pastime Paradise" interpolated in Coolio's hit song "Gangsta's Paradise".
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On interpolating the two images and processing them, the functioning of a detector with a hexagonal pixel is mimicked.
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A large class of quadrature rules can be derived by constructing interpolating functions that are easy to integrate. Typically these interpolating functions are polynomials. In practice, since polynomials of very high degree tend to oscillate wildly, only polynomials of low degree are used, typically linear and quadratic. Illustration of the rectangle rule.
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Shorelines are generally derived by interpolating from a series of discrete beach profiles. The distance between the profiles is usually quite large, limiting the accuracy of the interpolating. Survey data is limited to smaller lengths of shoreline generally less than ten kilometres. Beach profiling data is commonly available in from regional councils in New Zealand.
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Clearly an infinite-dimensional function space cannot be represented on a discrete spectral element mesh; this is where the spectral element discretization begins. The most crucial thing is the choice of interpolating and testing functions. In a standard, low order FEM in 2D, for quadrilateral elements the most typical choice is the bilinear test or interpolating function of the form v(x,y) = ax+by+cxy+d. In a spectral element method however, the interpolating and test functions are chosen to be polynomials of a very high order (typically e.g.
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An interpolating CIC is simply the reverse of this architecture, with the down-sampler replaced with a zero- stuffer (up-sampler).
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Subdivision surface refinement schemes can be broadly classified into two categories: interpolating and approximating. Interpolating schemes are required to match the original position of vertices in the original mesh. Approximating schemes are not; they can and will adjust these positions as needed. In general, approximating schemes have greater smoothness, but the user has less overall control of the outcome.
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Less commonly used, OpenGL and other APIs support nearest- neighbor sampling from individual mipmaps whilst linearly interpolating the two nearest mipmaps relevant to the sample.
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27, issue. 11, 2018, pp. 5475-5490. and interpolating around dark/bright pixels. Dead pixels in an LCD monitor produce a similar, but non- random, display.
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Prior to that, n-gram language models were constructed by training individual models for different n-gram orders using maximum likelihood estimation and then interpolating them together.
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In film, this effect is usually created with an optical printer by controlled double exposure from frame to frame. In linear video editing or a live television production, the same effect is created by interpolating voltages of the video signal. In non-linear video editing, a dissolve is done using software, by interpolating gradually between the RGB values of each pixel of the image. The audio track optionally cross-fades between the soundtracks.
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Guillaume de Jumièges, Histoire des ducs de Normandie, éd. Guizot, 1826, interpolating Robert de Torigni and Ordericus Vitalis, p.111-114 He arrested the chief aristocratic rebel Guillaume, comte d'Exmes.
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In mathematics, almost modules and almost rings are certain objects interpolating between rings and their fields of fractions. They were introduced by in his study of p-adic Hodge theory.
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When the percentage of points to discard does not yield a whole number, the trimmed mean may be defined by interpolation, generally linear interpolation, between the nearest whole numbers. For example, if you need to calculate the 15% trimmed mean of a sample containing 10 entries, strictly this would mean discarding 1 point from each end (equivalent to the 10% trimmed mean). If interpolating, one would instead compute the 10% trimmed mean (discarding 1 point from each end) and the 20% trimmed mean (discarding 2 points from each end), and then interpolating, in this case averaging these two values. Similarly, if interpolating the 12% trimmed mean, one would take the weighted average: weight the 10% trimmed mean by 0.8 and the 20% trimmed mean by 0.2.
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An interesting corollary to the interpolation theorem is that if f is a polynomial of degree at most n, then the interpolating polynomial of f at n+1 distinct points is f itself.
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A paper, "Interpolating Quality Dynamics in Wikipedia and Demonstrating the Keilana Effect", about a phenomenon named after Temple-Wood's work, was presented by Aaron Halfaker at OpenSym '17, the International Symposium on Open Collaboration.
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September 2007. Since that time, his work has evolved to include numerous images of figures viewed from above, as exhibited in Interpolating Landscape, a major exhibition at Museum London from December 2013 to April 2014.
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Carl Sagan suggested defining intermediate values (not considered in Kardashev's original scale) by interpolating and extrapolating, according to his calculations, the modern state of the present human civilization is expressed by a value about 0.7.
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Existence and uniqueness for trigonometric interpolation now follows immediately from the corresponding results for polynomial interpolation. For more information on formulation of trigonometric interpolating polynomials in the complex plane, see p. 135 of Interpolation using Fourier Polynomials.
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There is also an Italian version, made by Rita Pavone. The song was covered by Minneapolis Celtic-punk group Boiled in Lead on their 1989 album From the Ladle to the Grave, also interpolating a traditional Egyptian melody into the song.
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Grande also sings "Even though we gave up that 90%", referencing the fact that she had to give up 90% of the royalties for "7 Rings" to Rodgers and Hammerstein due to interpolating the melody of The Sound of Musics "My Favorite Things".
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The estimated population of New Zealand at the end of 1856 is 58,300 Māori and 45,540 non-Māori.Statistics New Zealand has collated estimates from a number of sources (interpolating where necessary) at , in particular The total population reaches the 100,000 mark during the year.
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"Who's That Girl" employs this effect on the last chorus where three or four different vocal hooks are intertwined. The second track "Causing a Commotion" has a danceable, up-tempo groove. The musical arrangement consists of a number of hooks interpolating with each other.
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Correct mipmapping and interpolation of sRGB gamma textures has direct hardware support in texturing units of most modern GPUs (for example nVidia GeForce 8 performs conversion from 8-bit texture to linear values before interpolating those values), and does not have any performance penalty.
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Crosby was born in Boston. He went solo as a standup comedian, adopting a friendly, blue collar, guy-next-door persona in the 1950s. Crosby refined his standup monologues by interpolating malapropisms. He first appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson in December 1964.
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Furthermore, the interpolant is a polynomial and thus infinitely differentiable. So, we see that polynomial interpolation overcomes most of the problems of linear interpolation. However, polynomial interpolation also has some disadvantages. Calculating the interpolating polynomial is computationally expensive (see computational complexity) compared to linear interpolation.
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NNPDF is the acronym used to identify the parton distribution functions from the NNPDF Collaboration. NNPDF parton densities are extracted from global fits to data based on a combination of a Monte Carlo method for uncertainty estimation and the use of neural networks as basic interpolating functions.
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Next, the shading of the edges between the vertices is calculated by interpolating between the vertex values. Finally, the shading inside of the polygon is calculated as an interpolation of the surrounding edge values. Gouraud shading generates a smooth lighting effect across the 3D model's surface.
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A function (blue) and a piecewise linear approximation to it (red) An approximation to a known curve can be found by sampling the curve and interpolating linearly between the points. An algorithm for computing the most significant points subject to a given error tolerance has been published.
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Color images aren't specified by the algorithm, however, you can sum all RGB component differences when calculating edge strength, and use all RGB components when interpolating the pixels. Or you could split to YCbCr, process only the luma component and stretch the chroma using a different algorithm.
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However, there are other algorithms that can remove false colors after demosaicing. These have the benefit of removing false coloring artifacts from the image while using a more robust demosaicing algorithm for interpolating the red and blue color planes. Three images depicting the false color demosaicing artifact.
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The term "B-spline" was coined by Isaac Jacob Schoenbergde Boor, p. 114 and is short for basis spline.Gary D. Knott (2000), Interpolating cubic splines. Springer. p. 151 A spline function of order n is a piecewise polynomial function of degree n-1 in a variable x .
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As noted in the introduction, inverse quadratic interpolation is used in Brent's method. Inverse quadratic interpolation is also closely related to some other root-finding methods. Using linear interpolation instead of quadratic interpolation gives the secant method. Interpolating f instead of the inverse of f gives Muller's method.
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"Rule" is the first single from American rapper Nas' 2001 album Stillmatic. It features a chorus sung by Amerie and production provided by Poke and Tone of Trackmasters Entertainment. The song is known for both sampling and interpolating "Everybody Wants to Rule the World" by Tears for Fears.
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This is the same integration as DE405, with the accuracy of the interpolating polynomials has been lessened to reduce file size for the longer time span covered by the file. DE407See, for instance, which mentions DE407 only very briefly. was apparently unreleased. Details in readily-available sources are sketchy.
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There are several ways of selecting interpolating tangents for each data point. This section will outline the use of the Fritsch–Carlson method. Note that only one pass of the algorithm is required. Let the data points be (x_k,y_k) indexed in sorted order for k=1,\,\dots\,n.
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The appearance of complex values in interpolation methods can be avoided by interpolating the inverse of f, resulting in the inverse quadratic interpolation method. Again, convergence is asymptotically faster than the secant method, but inverse quadratic interpolation often behaves poorly when the iterates are not close to the root.
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10, 13). By interpolating the first appearance of the angel, a later redactor shifted responsibility for halting the test from Abraham to the angel (v. 11–12). The second angelic appearance, in which Abraham is rewarded for his obedience (v. 14–18), became necessary due to that shift of responsibility.
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The album consists largely of traditional folk songs, plus a cover of Ewan MacColl's "Go! Move! Shift! (The Moving-on Song)", but the band's raucous, garage-rock approach to the material displayed a cross-genre sensibility, interpolating country and rockabilly into the mix, that would develop even further on later albums.
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Interpolating, 1968 Once converted, the diagrams could be output into the APT numerical control language for direct output on milling machines. This would allow a design team to sketch out their ideas, put them into the system and clean them up, and then have the milling systems produce a physical model.
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"Cherry Blossom Clinic Revisited" was a variation on "Cherry Blossom Clinic", a track from the group's debut album, taken at a slower pace, the first verse diffidently spoken by Wayne, recorded without any strings or brass, and interpolating a medley of classical tunes including works by Bach and Tchaikovsky, played on guitars.
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Spherical Deaberration Eyes have corneas and lenses that are imperfectly spherical. This inhomogeneous shape results in a non-circular distribution of photons on the retina. No published neuroanatomical model predicts the perception of the non- circularly distributed white pixel. Hyperacuity People report discrimination much finer than can be predicted by interpolating sense data between photosensors.
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In Sciter any function with name starting from $ is considered as interpolating function and so interpolation is customizable and context sensitive: var apples = 4 var bananas = 3 var domElement = ...; domElement.$content( I have {apples} apples ); domElement.$append( I have {apples + bananas} fruits ); Where domElement.$content( I have {apples} apples ); gets compiled to this: domElement.
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It does so by interpolating between a randomized structure close to ER graphs and a regular ring lattice. Consequently, the model is able to at least partially explain the "small-world" phenomena in a variety of networks, such as the power grid, neural network of C. elegans, networks of movie actors, or fat- metabolism communication in budding yeast.
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The vector formulation makes it possible to use standard 3D vector algebra, and thus n-vector is well-suited for mathematical calculations, e.g. adding, subtracting, interpolating and averaging positions. Using three parameters, n-vector is inconvenient for communicating a position directly to humans and before showing a position plot, a conversion to latitude/longitude might be needed.
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The third act was set in Maxim's. The following year, the operetta played in Brussels. The Merry Widow is frequently revived in Vienna and is part of the Vienna Volksopera's repertory. The Volksopera released a complete live performance on CD, interpolating the "Can-Can" from Offenbach's Orpheus in the Underworld, which was copied in many other productions worldwide.
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In PS optimal control, Legendre and Chebyshev polynomials are commonly used. Mathematically, quadrature nodes are able to achieve high accuracy with a small number of points. For instance, the interpolating polynomial of any smooth function (C\infty) at Legendre–Gauss–Lobatto nodes converges in L2 sense at the so- called spectral rate, faster than any polynomial rate.
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This is the basis of the secant method. Three values define a quadratic function, which approximates the graph of the function by a parabola. This is Muller's method. Regula falsi is also an interpolation method, which differs secant method by using, for interpolating by a line, two points that are not necessarily the last two computed points.
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Bilinear interpolation works by interpolating pixel color values, introducing a continuous transition into the output even where the original material has discrete transitions. Although this is desirable for continuous-tone images, this algorithm reduces contrast (sharp edges) in a way that may be undesirable for line art. Bicubic interpolation yields substantially better results, with an increase in computational cost.
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Simple rational approximation (SRA) is a subset of interpolating methods using rational functions. Especially, SRA interpolates a given function with a specific rational function whose poles and zeros are simple, which means that there is no multiplicity in poles and zeros. Sometimes, it only implies simple poles. The main application of SRA lies in finding the zeros of secular functions.
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Since the necessary frames were never photographed, new frames must be fabricated. Sometimes the new frames are simply repeats of the preceding frames but more often they are created by interpolating between frames. (Often this motion interpolation is, effectively, a short dissolve between still frames). Many complicated algorithms exist that can track motion between frames and generate intermediate frames within that scene.
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A C2 function that satisfies Δf ≥ 0 is called subharmonic. This condition guarantees that the maximum principle will hold, although other properties of harmonic functions may fail. More generally, a function is subharmonic if and only if, in the interior of any ball in its domain, its graph lies below that of the harmonic function interpolating its boundary values on the ball.
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An infrared thermometer is a kind of pyrometer (bolometer). While an individual thermometer is able to measure degrees of hotness, the readings on two thermometers cannot be compared unless they conform to an agreed scale. Today there is an absolute thermodynamic temperature scale. Internationally agreed temperature scales are designed to approximate this closely, based on fixed points and interpolating thermometers.
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Dionysus in 69 challenged notions of the orthodox theatre by deconstructing Euripides' text, interpolating text and action devised by the performers, and involving the spectators in an active and sensory artistic experience. Brian de Palma, Bruce Joel Rubin, and Robert Fiore made a film of Dionysus in 1970. The film records and merges the final two performances of the 1968 stage play.
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In mathematics, Neville's algorithm is an algorithm used for polynomial interpolation that was derived by the mathematician Eric Harold Neville . Given n + 1 points, there is a unique polynomial of degree ≤ n which goes through the given points. Neville's algorithm evaluates this polynomial. Neville's algorithm is based on the Newton form of the interpolating polynomial and the recursion relation for the divided differences.
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The album's version of the song differs from the radio version. In addition, the radio version was played on several radio stations in Nigeria, Kenya, South Africa and Ghana. "Khona" has been remixed and covered by established and promising acts in Ghana, Nigeria and South Africa. Nigerian record producer Samklef created his version of the song by interpolating the original instrumental.
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Midrange or mean prominence uses the mean of these two values. Mean prominence is sometimes referred to as rise. In Britain, where there is detailed topographic mapping for the entire country, it is customary to use a fourth method: interpolated prominence. The true prominence is estimated by visualizing the three dimensional surface in the neighborhood of the col and interpolating between the enclosing contours.
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The strings again gain prominence at around the 2:20 mark. During the intermediate verse, a "raucous" laugh by Madonna can be heard. The song ends with interpolating electronic swirls and the orchestra fading out. Sterling Clover from The Village Voice explained that the ending recalled the snare drums and bass usage in songs of the microhouse genre, describing it as "cacophony of harmonic fragments".
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The subsequent development of the field is known as harmonic analysis, and is also an early instance of representation theory. The first fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm for the DFT was discovered around 1805 by Carl Friedrich Gauss when interpolating measurements of the orbit of the asteroids Juno and Pallas, although that particular FFT algorithm is more often attributed to its modern rediscoverers Cooley and Tukey.
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Playground song parodies of the theme have become part of children's street culture around the world, usually interpolating "frying pan" or "garbage can" into the lyrics as Popeye's dwelling place and ascribing to the character various unsavory actions or habits that transform the character into an "Anti-Popeye", and changing his exemplary spinach-based diet into an inedible morass of worms, onions, flies, tortillas and snot.
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Quality control of data can be performed and error fields can be calculated.Troupin, C, Barth, A, Sirjacobs, D, Ouberdous, M, Brankart, J.-M, Brasseur, P, Rixen, M, Alvera Azcarate, A, Belounis, M, Capet, A, Lenartz, F, Toussaint, M.-E, & Beckers, J.-M. (2012). Generation of analysis and consistent error fields using the Data Interpolating Variational Analysis (Diva). Ocean Modelling, 52-53, 90-101. doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.05.
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In statistics, originally in geostatistics, kriging or Gaussian process regression is a method of interpolation for which the interpolated values are modeled by a Gaussian process governed by prior covariances. Under suitable assumptions on the priors, kriging gives the best linear unbiased prediction of the intermediate values. Interpolating methods based on other criteria such as smoothness (e.g., smoothing spline) may not yield the most likely intermediate values.
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They also scanned Korean dried seaweed, gim for other scenes. The animation team drew frames interpolating the motion between key frames by hand, and digitally interpolated those frames to create slow motion sequences. Editing teams in the industry normally time stretch the sequence with repeated still frames to produce these shots. Ibira reflected that typical 30-minute anime episodes consist of approximately 300 key frames.
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Interpolating Yield Curve Data in a Manner That Ensures Positive and Continuous Forward Curves. SAJEMS 16 (2013) No 4:395-406 (iv) The initial estimate: usually, the most recently solved curve set. ((v) All that need be stored are the solved spot rates for the pillars, and the interpolation rule.) A CSA could allow for collateral, and hence interest payments on that collateral, in any currency.
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To prove uniqueness, assume that there exists another interpolating polynomial q of degree at most n. Since p(x_k)=q(x_k) for all k=0,\dotsc,n, it follows that the polynomial p-q has n+1 distinct zeros. However, p-q is of degree at most n and, by the fundamental theorem of algebra, can have at most n zeros; therefore, p=q.
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NURBS surfaces are just an application of this. Each control 'point' is actually a full vector of control points, defining a curve. These curves share their degree and the number of control points, and span one dimension of the parameter space. By interpolating these control vectors over the other dimension of the parameter space, a continuous set of curves is obtained, defining the surface.
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A NURBS curve of a particular degree can always be represented by a NURBS curve of higher degree. This is frequently used when combining separate NURBS curves, e.g., when creating a NURBS surface interpolating between a set of NURBS curves or when unifying adjacent curves. In the process, the different curves should be brought to the same degree, usually the maximum degree of the set of curves.
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This can be done by interpolating the brightness of the variable between two comparison stars, or by individually estimating the magnitude difference between the variable and several different comparisons. Repeating the observation on different nights allows a light curve to be produced showing the variation in brightness of the star. In practice, visual variable star estimates from many observers are statistically combined to produce more accurate results.
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Formerly, a popular method of simulating a character's movement involved storing a variety of motions and choosing the most appropriate one during run-time. Unfortunately, storage limitations resulted in repetitive or imperfect results. Instead, with some additional computation, new, desired motions can be created by interpolating preexisting, similar motions. Using interpolation, motions can be generated in real time while preserving the realistic qualities of the example motions.
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Phong shading is similar to Gouraud shading, except that instead of interpolating the light intensities the normals are interpolated between the vertices and the lighting is evaluated per-pixel. Thus, the specular highlights are computed much more precisely than in the Gouraud shading model. # Compute a normal N for each vertex of the polygon. # Using bilinear interpolation compute a normal, Ni for each pixel.
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Predicting weather conditions by extrapolating/interpolating previous data is one of the real use of simulation. Most of the weather forecasts use this information published by Weather bureaus. This kind of simulations helps in predicting and forewarning about extreme weather conditions like the path of an active hurricane/cyclone. Numerical weather prediction for forecasting involves complicated numeric computer models to predict weather accurately by taking many parameters into account.
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EEDI2 resizes an image by 2× in the vertical direction by copying the existing image to 2⋅y(n) and interpolating the missing field. It is intended for edge-directed interpolation for deinterlacing (i.e. not really made for resizing a normal image, but can do that as well). EEDI2 can be used with both TDeint and TIVTC, see the discussion link for more info on how to do this.
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Pictures are up to 1600×1200 or 1200×1600 ("two megapixels", or exactly 1,920,000, also known as UXGA), with the "digital zoom" simply cropping the picture rather than interpolating it, and white balance and brightness still being determined from the entire field of view rather than only what is within the zoomed area. There is no zoom when viewing pictures or videos, and no way to edit them on the phone.
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Fabolous released his debut album, Ghetto Fabolous, on September 11, 2001. It debuted at number four on the Billboard 200, selling over 140,000 copies in its first week. The album's first single, "Can't Deny It", was produced by Rick Rock and features a chorus by Nate Dogg interpolating Tupac Shakur's song "Ambitionz Az a Ridah". It charted on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, along with two of the subsequent singles.
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"That's What I Like" featured the theme music from the television police drama Hawaii Five-O, with overlaid excerpts from rock hits like Chubby Checker's "The Twist" and Ernie Maresca's "Shout! Shout! (Knock Yourself Out)". "Let's Party" (released originally in the U.S. as "March of the Mods") used "March of the Mods" (also known as the Finnjenka Dance), interpolating Del Shannon's "Runaway" and The Wrens' "Come Back My Love" among others.
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Further extrapolations differ from Newton Cotes formulas. In particular further Romberg extrapolations expand on Boole's rule in very slight ways, modifying weights into ratios similar as in Boole's rule. In contrast, further Newton Cotes methods produce increasingly differing weights, eventually leading to large positive and negative weights. This is indicative of how large degree interpolating polynomial Newton Cotes methods fail to converge for many integrals, while Romberg integration is more stable.
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During this tour, Shirley has been quoting lines from the Beyoncé songs "Sorry" and "Don't Hurt Yourself" alongside lyrics from Marianne Faithfull's "Why D'Ya Do It", Patti Smith Group's "Revenge" and Siouxsie and the Banshees' "Drop Dead/Celebration" on "Vow". In addition to interpolating from "Talk of the Town" by The Pretenders on "Special", Shirley has also quoted lines from their song "Kid" and their cover of "I Go to Sleep".
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A clear example exists in the second movement of Mozart's Piano Sonata No. 10, K.330. Formerly, in the sung portions of the Mass, such as the introit or kyrie, it was permissible, especially during the medieval period, to amplify a liturgical formula by interpolating a "farse" (from Medieval Latin farsa, forcemeat),Farse: Definition with Farse Pictures and Photos. Lexicus – Word Definitions for Puzzlers and Word Lovers. also called "trope".
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Geocoding is interpolating spatial locations (X,Y coordinates) from street addresses or any other spatially referenced data such as ZIP Codes, parcel lots and address locations. A reference theme is required to geocode individual addresses, such as a road centerline file with address ranges. The individual address locations have historically been interpolated, or estimated, by examining address ranges along a road segment. These are usually provided in the form of a table or database.
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If we replace p_{n,k}' with f' in () we obtain that the next approximation in each iteration is calculated as This is the Newton–Raphson method. It starts off with a single approximation x_1 so we can take k = 0 in (). It does not require an interpolating polynomial but instead one has to evaluate the derivative f' in each iteration. Depending on the nature of f this may not be possible or practical.
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Once the interpolating polynomial p_{n,k} (x) has been calculated, one can also calculate the next approximation x_{n+k+1} as a solution of p_{n,k} (x)=0 instead of using (). For k = 1 these two methods are identical: it is the secant method. For k = 2 this method is known as Muller's method. For k = 3 this approach involves finding the roots of a cubic function, which is unattractively complicated.
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In mathematics, bicubic interpolation is an extension of cubic interpolation for interpolating data points on a two-dimensional regular grid. The interpolated surface is smoother than corresponding surfaces obtained by bilinear interpolation or nearest-neighbor interpolation. Bicubic interpolation can be accomplished using either Lagrange polynomials, cubic splines, or cubic convolution algorithm. In image processing, bicubic interpolation is often chosen over bilinear or nearest-neighbor interpolation in image resampling, when speed is not an issue.
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In the mathematical field of numerical analysis, spline interpolation is a form of interpolation where the interpolant is a special type of piecewise polynomial called a spline. Spline interpolation is often preferred over polynomial interpolation because the interpolation error can be made small even when using low degree polynomials for the spline. Spline interpolation avoids the problem of Runge's phenomenon, in which oscillation can occur between points when interpolating using high degree polynomials.
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Writing for the Hartford Courant, Thomas Kintner pointed out that "six dancers joined [Jackson] to shimmy and gyrate through [...] the punchy 'What Have you Done for me Lately?'". The song was also included on Jackson's Unbreakable World Tour (2015–16). During the 2017-2019 State of the World Tour, it was performed interpolating Cardi B's "Bodak Yellow". Jackson included the song in concert at her 2019 Las Vegas residence Janet Jackson: Metamorphosis.
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The song was written by Vengaboys producers Danski and Delmundo, with the first verse interpolating the ABBA song "Lay All Your Love on Me" written by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus. It was released to radio in the United States in June 1999 and re-released to radio in the United States in June 2017White 1999, p.131. and in the United Kingdom via Positiva Records and there were two versions of the CD single.
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The musical arrangement consists of a number of hooks interpolating with each other. It begins with the chorus, where Madonna sings the line "I've got the moves baby, You've got the motion, If we got together we'd be causing a commotion." The verses are accompanied by a four-note descending bassline and interjecting staccato chords. The lyrics make reference to Madonna's 1985 single "Into the Groove" and have three parts to the vocal harmony.
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In Welsh, the pluperfect is formed without an auxiliary verb, usually by interpolating -as- before the simple past ending: parhasem, "we had remained". In Irish, perfect forms are constructed using the idea of being (or having been) after doing something. In the pluperfect, bhíomar tar éis imeacht, "we had gone", literally, "we were after going". In Finnish, the pluperfect (pluskvamperfekti) is constructed with an auxiliary verb olla 'to be', which is in the past tense.
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Some languages do not offer string interpolation, instead offering a standard function where one parameter is the printf format string, and other(s) provide the values for each placeholder. Ruby uses the `#` symbol for interpolation, and allows interpolating any expression, not only variables. Other languages may support more advanced interpolation with a special formatting function, such as `printf`, in which the first argument, the format, specifies the pattern in which the remaining arguments are substituted.
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Block kriging is the most common geostatistical method used for interpolating metallurgical index parameters and it is often applied on a domain basis.Dagbert, M., and Bennett, C., Domaining for geomet modelling: a statistical/geostatical approach. International Autogenous and Semi-Autogenous Grinding Technology 2006, Vancouver, Canada, 2006. Classical geostatistics require that the estimation variable be additive, and there is currently some debate on the additive nature of the metallurgical index parameters measured by the above tests.
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Mickey & the Soul Generation saw little widespread success while active as a band. However, the group became better known when Josh Davis (DJ Shadow) began interpolating their music into his records and mixes. Davis, who called the group his 'favorite funk band', collected the group's recordings and had them reissued on Cali-Tex records in 2002 in the double LP and double CD formats. The reissue, Iron Leg, won highly positive reviews from many press outlets.
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Unfortunately, this problem cannot be solved simply by creating a denser mesh, as this can greatly reduce the efficiency of object rendering. Cube maps provide a fairly straightforward and efficient solution to rendering stable specular highlights. Multiple specular highlights can be encoded into a cube map texture, which can then be accessed by interpolating across the surface's reflection vector to supply coordinates. Relative to computing lighting at individual vertices, this method provides cleaner results that more accurately represent curvature.
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Aglionby's major work was Painting Illustrated in Three Diallogues (1685). It has been described as the first original English book of its kind, based on the theory that Italian history painting was the leading genre of art; it contained eleven biographies of Italian painters. Aglionby used Giorgio Vasari's Lives, but selectively, and imposing his own views. He began with lives of Cimabue and Giotto, interpolating in the series then a dialogue on the history of painting.
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Some examples of color naming systems are CNS and ISCC–NBS lexicon of color terms. The disadvantage of these systems, however, is that they only specify specific color samples, so while it is possible to, by interpolating, convert any color to or from one of these systems, a lookup table is required. In other words, no simple invertible equation can convert between CIE XYZ and one of these systems. Philatelists traditionally use names to identify postage stamp colors.
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Gouraud-shaded triangle mesh using the Phong reflection model Gouraud shading, named after Henri Gouraud, is an interpolation method used in computer graphics to produce continuous shading of surfaces represented by polygon meshes. In practice, Gouraud shading is most often used to achieve continuous lighting on Triangle meshes by computing the lighting at the corners of each triangle and linearly interpolating the resulting colours for each pixel covered by the triangle. Gouraud first published the technique in 1971.
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Lennox also admitted that featuring Madonna would bring a bigger audience for the song, thereby helping the cause. The refrain consists of an "empowering message" with the group of singers belting the line "Sing my sister Sing! / Let your voice be heard" while interpolating "Jikelele" in between. According to Jon Pareles of The New York Times, "Sing" consists of a piano played in the background reminiscent of Marvin Gaye's 1968 single, "I Heard It Through the Grapevine".
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It was possible to filter the chroma out, but this was not always done. Consequently, the color information was included (but not in color) in the black & white film image. Using modern computing techniques, the color may now be recovered, a process known as color recovery. In recent years, the BBC has introduced a video process called VidFIRE, which can restore kinescope recordings to their original frame rate by interpolating video fields between the film frames.
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The result of this differentiating process is mathematically equivalent to a global motion compensation capable of panning. Further down the encoding pipeline, an entropy coder will take advantage of the resulting statistical distribution of the motion vectors around the zero vector to reduce the output size. It is possible to shift a block by a non-integer number of pixels, which is called sub-pixel precision. The in-between pixels are generated by interpolating neighboring pixels.
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Conventions differ for root mean square (RMS) measurements, but all peak measurements smaller than the maximum are negative levels. A digital signal that does not contain any samples at 0dBFS can still clip when converted to analog form due to the signal reconstruction process interpolating between samples. This can be prevented by careful digital-to- analog converter circuit design. Measurements of the true inter-sample peak levels are notated as dBTP or dB TP ("decibels true peak").
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The year of Washakie's birth date is debated. A missionary in 1883 recorded the year of his birth as 1798, but his tombstone was later inscribed with a birth date of 1804. Late in his life he told an agent at the Shoshone Agency that when he was 16, he had met Jim Bridger. Interpolating from the age of Bridger when he first went into the wilderness, researchers have determined that Washakie was likely born between 1808 and 1810.
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When a comparator performs the function of telling if an input voltage is above or below a given threshold, it is essentially performing a 1-bit quantization. This function is used in nearly all analog to digital converters (such as flash, pipeline, successive approximation, delta-sigma modulation, folding, interpolating, dual-slope and others) in combination with other devices to achieve a multi-bit quantization.Phillip Allen and Douglas Holberg: CMOS Analog Circuit Design, Oxford University Press, Second edition, Oxford 2002.
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Four different compression algorithms are set out in the original white paper: 1\. CC_MIXED (similar to other S3TC): A 4x4 texel block is represented by two bits-per-texel for opaque textures. Additionally, each block has two 16-bit colors stored in an RGB 565 format. The two RGB 565 colors and two additional colors (created by interpolating between the two RGB 565 colors) form the primary colors for this texel block and its associated four color lookup table.
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In image processing, stairstep interpolation is a general method for interpolating the pixels after enlarging an image. The key idea is to interpolate multiple times in small increments using any interpolation algorithm that is better than nearest-neighbor interpolation, such as bilinear interpolation, and bicubic interpolation. A common scenario is to interpolate an image by using a bicubic interpolation which increases the image size by no more than 10% (110% of the original size) at a time until the desired size is reached.
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Interpolating scaling functions are used also to solve the Poisson's equation with different boundary conditions as isolated or surface systems. BigDFT was among the first massively parallel density functional theory codes which benefited from graphics processing units (GPU) using CUDA and then OpenCL languages. Because the Daubechies wavelets have a compact support, the Hamiltonian application can be done locally which permits to have a linear scaling in function of the number of atoms instead of a cubic scaling for traditional DFT software.
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Starting with known special cases, the calculation of logarithms and trigonometric functions can be performed by looking up numbers in a mathematical table, and interpolating between known cases. For small enough differences, this linear operation was accurate enough for use in navigation and astronomy in the Age of Exploration. The uses of interpolation have thrived in the past 500 years: by the twentieth century Leslie Comrie and W.J. Eckert systematized the use of interpolation in tables of numbers for punch card calculation.
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The 4th Generation Super CCD HR has sensors placed at 45 degrees to the horizontal. In order to convert the images into the normal horizontal/vertical pixel orientation, it interpolates one pixel between each pair of sensors, thereby producing 12 recorded megapixels from 6 effective megapixels. By contrast, Fujifilm says that 5th Generation Super CCD HR sensors are also at 45 degrees but do not interpolate. However, it omits to explain how the sensors turn the image into horizontal/vertical pixels without interpolating.
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The Rasterizer may also perform other tasks such as clipping what is not visible, or interpolating vertex data into per-pixel data. # Pixel Shader: Determines the final pixel color to be written to the render target and can also calculate a depth value to be written to the depth buffer. # Output Merger: Merges various types of output data (pixel shader values, alpha blending, depth/stencil...) to build the final result. The pipeline stages illustrated with a round box are fully programmable.
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The tone shift highlights the power of love in interpolating mutual exchange of harmonious moments even at the cost of such negative values as lying. The interpolation process prompts him to transcend his earlier cynical perception of deceit to capture a rather more meaningful feeling, i.e. their lying cycle is but a moment of love performance. Using wordplay in "Therefore I lie with her, and she with me" suggests that they are not lying at each other but with each other.
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Dawid Eisenstadt and A. Prager: "Algemeyner muzik-leksikon", Warsaw, 1936 (p. 150) Gold wrote hundreds of tangos, polkas, foxtrots, and waltzes, interpolating Jewish motifs. His hits included Tęsknota (Nostalgia, in Yiddish Benkshaft); Jaśminy (Jasmine); Jak ja się dziś upiję (When I Get Drunk Today, in Yiddish Az 'Khvel Mikh Haynt Onshikirn); Moja pierswsza i ostatnia (My First and Last, Yiddish Mayn Ershte Un Letste); Szkoda twoich łez (Too bad about your tears, Yiddish A Shod Dayne Trern), and others.J. Radlinski: Obywatel Jan.
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Up to the present time its verses are used as amulets; it is employed in the lamentations for the dead; it has been frequently edited and made the basis for other poems, and new poems have been made by interpolating four or six lines after each line of the original. It has been published with English translation by Faizullabhai (Bombay, 1893), with French translation by René Basset (Paris, 1894), with German translation by C. A. Ralfs (Vienna, 1860), and in other languages elsewhere.
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Primary fields in a D-dimensional conformal field theory were introduced in 1969 by Mack and Salam where they were called interpolating fields. They were then studied by Ferrara, Gatto, and Grillo who called them irreducible conformal tensors, and by Mack who called them lowest weights. Polyakov used an equivalent definition as fields which cannot be represented as derivatives of other fields. The modern terms primary fields and descendants were introduced by Belavin, Polyakov and Zamolodchikov in the context of two-dimensional conformal field theory.
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Other solutions to the conversion involve interpolating coordinates based on regression from a data set of Google China and satellite imagery coordinates. An attempt by Wu Yongzheng using fast Fourier transform analysis gave a result much like the leaked code. From the leaked code, GCJ-02 uses parameters from the SK-42 reference system. The parameters were used to calculate lengths of one degree of latitude and longitude, so that offsets in meters previously calculated can be converted to degrees for the WGS-84 input coordinates.
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Mappers may prepare digital elevation models in a number of ways, but they frequently use remote sensing rather than direct survey data. Older methods of generating DEMs often involve interpolating digital contour maps that may have been produced by direct survey of the land surface. This method is still used in mountain areas, where interferometry is not always satisfactory. Note that contour line data or any other sampled elevation datasets (by GPS or ground survey) are not DEMs, but may be considered digital terrain models.
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Just like in marching cubes, the intersections of these edges with the isosurface are approximated by linearly interpolating the values at the grid points. Adjacent cubes share all edges in the connecting face, including the same diagonal. This is an important property to prevent cracks in the rendered surface, because interpolation of the two distinct diagonals of a face usually gives slightly different intersection points. An added benefit is that up to five computed intersection points can be reused when handling the neighbor cube.
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In an associated / premultiplied alpha image, the RGB represents the emission amount, while the alpha is occlusion. Premultiplied alpha has some practical advantages over normal alpha blending because interpolation and filtering give correct results. Ordinary interpolation without premultiplied alpha leads to RGB information leaking out of fully transparent (A=0) regions, even though this RGB information is ideally invisible. When interpolating or filtering images with abrupt borders between transparent and opaque regions, this can result in borders of colors that were not visible in the original image.
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Many root-finding processes work by interpolation. This consists in using the last computed approximate values of the root for approximating the function by a polynomial of low degree, which takes the same values at these approximate roots. Then the root of the polynomial is computed and used as a new approximate value of the root of the function, and the process is iterated. Two values allow interpolating a function by a polynomial of degree one (that is approximating the graph of the function by a line).
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Elena Moldovan was born in Cluj and studied mathematics at the Babeș University of Cluj, earning a bachelor's degree there in 1947; afterwards, she became a schoolteacher. She returned to the university for doctoral study in the early 1950s, initially working with Grigore Calugăreănu, but she soon came under the influence of Tiberiu Popoviciu and began working with him in functional analysis. She completed her Ph.D. in 1960. Her dissertation, Sets of Interpolating Functions And The Notion of Convex Function, was supervised by Popoviciu.
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In 1982, physicist Frank Wilczek published a research paper on the possibilities of possible fractional-spin particles, which he termed anyons from their ability to take on "any" spin. He wrote that they were theoretically predicted to arise in low-dimensional systems where motion is restricted to fewer than three spatial dimensions. Wilczek described their spin statistics as "interpolating continuously between the usual boson and fermion cases". Evidence for the existence of anyons has been presented experimentally from 1985 through 2013,, see fig. 2.
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Barnes proposed an objective scheme for the interpolation of two dimensional data using a multi-pass scheme. This provided a method to interpolating sea-level pressures across the entire United States of America, producing a synoptic chart across the country using dispersed monitoring stations. Researchers have subsequently improved the Barnes method to reduce the number of parameters required for calculation of the interpolated result, increasing the objectivity of the method. The method constructs a grid of size determined by the distribution of the two dimensional data points.
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Lyness and Moler showed in 1966 that using undetermined coefficients for the polynomials in Neville's algorithm, one can compute the Maclaurin expansion of the final interpolating polynomial, which yields numerical approximations for the derivatives of the function at the origin. While "this process requires more arithmetic operations than is required in finite difference methods", "the choice of points for function evaluation is not restricted in any way". They also show that their method can be applied directly to the solution of linear systems of the Vandermonde type.
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If RGB encoding is used, it is first converted to reversible YCgCo. Simple conversion from 4:2:2 to 4:4:4 can add missing chroma samples by interpolating neighboring pixels. Each luma component is coded separately using three independent substreams (four substreams in native 4:2:2 mode). Prediction step is performed using one of the three modes: modified median adaptive coding (MMAP) algorithm similar to the one used by JPEG-LS, block prediction (optional for decoders due to high computational complexity, negotiated at DSC handshake), and midpoint prediction.
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In some cases interpolating TDCs are also called time counters (TCs). TDCs are used in many different applications, where the time interval between two signal pulses (start and stop pulse) should be determined. Measurement is started and stopped, when either the rising or the falling edge of a signal pulse crosses a set threshold. These requirements are fulfilled in many physical experiments, like time-of-flight and lifetime measurements in atomic and high energy physics, experiments that involve laser ranging and electronic research involving the testing of integrated circuits and high-speed data transfer.
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Windows Media Player features universal brightness, contrast, saturation and hue adjustments and pixel aspect ratio for supported video formats. It also includes a 10-band graphic equalizer with presets and SRS WOW audio post-processing system. Windows Media Player can also have attached audio and video DSP plug-ins which process the output audio or video data. Video Smoothing was introduced in WMP 9 Series (Windows XP and later only) which upscales frame-rate by interpolating added frames, in effect giving a smoother playback on low-framerate videos.
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DIVADIVA homepage (Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis) allows the spatial interpolation/gridding of data (analysis) in an optimal way, comparable to optimal interpolation (OI), taking into account uncertainties on observations. In comparison to standard OI, used in Data assimilation, DIVA, when applied to ocean data, takes into account coastlines, sub-basins and advection because of its variational formulation on the real domain.DIVA formulation Calculations are highly optimized and rely on a finite element resolution. Tools to generate the finite element mesh are provided as well as tools to optimize the parameters of the analysis.
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Data may be based on each planet's true center or its barycenter. The use of Chebyshev polynomials enables highly precise calculations for a given point in time. DE405 recovery (calculation) for the inner planets is about 0.001 arcseconds (equivalent to about 1 km at the distance of Mars); for the outer planets it is generally about 0.1 arcseconds. The 'reduced accuracy' DE406 ephemeris gives an interpolating precision (relative to the full ephemeris values) no worse than 25 metres for any planet and no worse than 1 metre for the moon.
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He concedes that both enjoyed working solo and were doing so more frequently, but they continued to share and critique each other's music. John Frye also describes how the format of the projects changed rapidly. Initially intended as two separate solo releases, they decided to merge their work and create a soundtrack album as André 3000 had initially intended. The duo then began preparing to work on a motion picture, but reconsidered and compromised by interpolating background noise into songs, such as the slamming of car doors and footsteps.
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Taking the first note of each one of those rows successively we produce a new row, and by applying the same process of interpolating the second six with the first six, we arrive at another series of twelve rows. Each series we designate at a Set. By continuing this process for twenty-four Sets we arrive again at Set 1, completing the Cycle. All of my works since 1965 have been composed on the basis of this Cycle, most of them using an entire Cycle, which incidentally, contains 3456 notes.
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Correlation functions are a useful indicator of dependencies as a function of distance in time or space, and they can be used to assess the distance required between sample points for the values to be effectively uncorrelated. In addition, they can form the basis of rules for interpolating values at points for which there are no observations. Correlation functions used in astronomy, financial analysis, econometrics, and statistical mechanics differ only in the particular stochastic processes they are applied to. In quantum field theory there are correlation functions over quantum distributions.
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Superman Returns (Music from the Motion Picture) is the soundtrack album for the 2006 film of the same name. The score is composed by John Ottman, interpolating music by John Williams, particularly "Superman March" from the Superman: The Movie. Originally, director Bryan Singer contacted Williams on scoring the film, but Williams declined due to being busy scoring Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith and Steven Spielberg's War of the Worlds. In 2013, La-La Land Records released a 2-disc limited edition of the soundtrack with an expanded track list.
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Instead of a model-dependent treatment in terms of constituent quarks, hadrons are represented by their interpolating quark currents taken at large virtualities. The correlation function of these currents is introduced and treated in the framework of the operator product expansion (OPE), where the short and long-distance quark-gluon interactions are separated. The former are calculated using QCD perturbation theory, whereas the latter are parametrized in terms of universal vacuum condensates or light-cone distribution amplitudes. The result of the QCD calculation is then matched, via dispersion relation, to a sum over hadronic states.
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"Destiny" is a song by the band Zero 7 and features vocal performances by Sia Furler (who performs the verses) and Sophie Barker (who performs the choruses). It was included on the album Simple Things and was released as a single in the United Kingdom on 6 August 2001. On 12 August, the song debuted at number 30 on the UK Singles Chart, staying in the top 100 for a total of three weeks. Two music videos were produced for this song: one directed by Tommy Pallotta interpolating rotoscoping techniques, and another by Howard Greenhalgh.
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The story begins with Karl's violent arrival in the Holy Land of AD 28, where his time machine, a womb-like, fluid-filled sphere, cracks open and becomes useless. By interpolating numerous memories and flashbacks, Moorcock tells the parallel story of Karl's troubled past in 20th century London, and tries to explain why he's willing to risk everything to meet Jesus. We learn that Karl has chronic problems with women, homosexual tendencies, an interest in the ideas of Jung, and many neuroses, including a messiah complex. Karl, badly injured during his journey, crawls halfway out of the time machine, then faints.
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The fundamental frequency (specifically, the lowest nonzero resonant frequency) of the resulting signal is the lowest frequency at which the unwrapped phase response of the delay and filter in cascade is -2\pi. The required phase delay D for a given fundamental frequency F0 is therefore calculated according to D = Fs/F0 where Fs is the sampling frequency. The length of any digital delay line is a whole-number multiple of the sampling period. In order to obtain a fractional delay, interpolating filters are used with parameters selected to obtain an appropriate phase delay at the fundamental frequency.
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As well as making use of non-retrogradable rhythm and the Hindu decî-tâlas, Messiaen also composed with "additive" rhythms. This involves lengthening individual notes slightly or interpolating a short note into an otherwise regular rhythm (see Example 3), or shortening or lengthening every note of a rhythm by the same duration (adding a semiquaver to every note in a rhythm on its repeat, for example).Bruhn (2008a), pp. 37–49 This led Messiaen to use rhythmic cells that irregularly alternate between two and three units, a process that also occurs in Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring, which Messiaen admired.
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In MEMO, initialization is performed with suitable diagnostic methods: a mass-consistent initial wind field is formulated using an objective analysis model and scalar fields are initialized using appropriate interpolating techniques (Kunz, R., 1991). Data needed to apply the diagnostic methods may be derived either from observations or from larger scale simulations. Suitable boundary conditions have to be imposed for the wind velocity components u, v and w, the potential temperature \theta and pressure p at all boundaries. At open boundaries, wave reflection and deformation may be minimized by the use of so-called radiation conditions (Orlanski 1976).
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The 11th-century Byzantine historian John Skylitzes calls her a daughter of Tsar Samuel of Bulgaria, but the annotations to Skylitzes of Michael of Duklja correct this by interpolating that her father was called Theodoretos. B. Prokić, the first editor of the manuscript (Codex Vindobonensis hist. gr. 74) that contains the annotations, mistranslated the note and emended the father's name to Theodora, thereby giving Kosara the name Theodora Kosara by which she is often known in modern scholarly literature. Modern scholarship suggests that the otherwise unattested Theodoretos may have been the son of John Chryselios, magnate of Dyrrhachium and Samuel's father-in-law.
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Pattern recognition interpolation, adaptive color plane interpolation, and directionally weighted interpolation all attempt to prevent zippering by interpolating along edges detected in the image. Three images depicting the zippering artifact of CFA demosaicing However, even with a theoretically perfect sensor that could capture and distinguish all colors at each photosite, Moiré and other artifacts could still appear. This is an unavoidable consequence of any system that samples an otherwise continuous signal at discrete intervals or locations. For this reason, most photographic digital sensor incorporates something called an optical low-pass filter (OLPF) or an anti-aliasing (AA) filter.
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Spacemen 3 recorded and performed numerous covers and re-workings of other bands' songs, particularly earlier on in their history, and this was indicative of their influences. Examples include songs by the following bands and artists: The Stooges, MC5, The Thirteenth Floor Elevators, Roky Erikson, The Red Krayola, Glenn Campbell (of The Misunderstood), The Velvet Underground, Lou Reed, Suicide, Bo Diddley, The Rolling Stones, The Troggs, The Yardbirds, and The Sonics. The song "Hey Man" (a.k.a. "Amen") is based on the melody of a Gospel traditional, interpolating the lyrics of Fixin' to Die Blues by Bukka White.
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In mathematics, a basis function is an element of a particular basis for a function space. Every continuous function in the function space can be represented as a linear combination of basis functions, just as every vector in a vector space can be represented as a linear combination of basis vectors. In numerical analysis and approximation theory, basis functions are also called blending functions, because of their use in interpolation: In this application, a mixture of the basis functions provides an interpolating function (with the "blend" depending on the evaluation of the basis functions at the data points).
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It was plain, too, that for Seiji Ozawa, making his album had been a labour of love - his disc was a beautiful one, and Masur's could not equal its charm. It was unfortunate that like Masur, Ozawa had spoiled Mendelssohn's music by interpolating a spoken narration. That the intrusive text was delivered in English rather than in German scarcely made it less of an annoyance. Judi Dench was an actress of distinction, but her contributions were unnecessarily lengthy, and Freed was alienated by "[her] intensity, [her] jarring entrances and by her pauses after each line of verse, irrespective of expressive sense".
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It is relatively simple to re- plot a gridded map of the world onto a Schmidt net if the azimuth is chosen to be the junction of the equator with any particular meridian from the world- map's grid. Each grid square surrounding this chosen longitude is simply re- plotted into the corresponding distorted grid-square in the Schmidt net. Points of latitude-longitude can be plotted relative to the azimuth's longitude, interpolating between grid lines in the Schmidt net. For greater accuracy, it is helpful to have a net with finer spacing than 10°; spacings of 2° are common.
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Single knots at 1/3 and 2/3 establish a spline of three cubic polynomials meeting with C2 continuity. Triple knots at both ends of the interval ensure that the curve interpolates the end points In mathematics, a spline is a special function defined piecewise by polynomials. In interpolating problems, spline interpolation is often preferred to polynomial interpolation because it yields similar results, even when using low degree polynomials, while avoiding Runge's phenomenon for higher degrees. In the computer science subfields of computer-aided design and computer graphics, the term spline more frequently refers to a piecewise polynomial (parametric) curve.
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The brief and eclectic "Bambina" features vocoder and "crunchy" guitars. The musically bright and upbeat "This Life" contains handclaps and lively guitars, with Koenig's lyrics exploring "spiritual uncertainty" with levity, interpolating the line "You’ve been cheating on, cheating on me / I’ve been cheating on, cheating on you" from "Tonight" by American rapper iLoveMakonnen. It has been musically compared to "Brown Eyed Girl" by Van Morrison (1967). "Big Blue" ambiguously explores religious and cosmic uncertainty, with the concise track including ambient arpeggios, sporadic drum samples, "flowery" harmonies, a choir and detuned guitar riffs as it builds dynamically.
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A 2-bit index is used to determine which color from the lookup table will be used for each texel in the 4x4 block. Transparent textures are created by making one of the four colors transparent. 2\. CC_HI (best for spatial resolution): A 4×8 texel block is represented by three bits- per-texel for opaque and transparent textures. Each block stores two 15-bit colors in an RGB 555 format. The two RGB 555 colors and five additional colors (created by interpolating between the two RGB 555 colors) form the primary colors for this texel block.
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CC_ALPHA (gives the best control over complex alpha transparencies at four bits-per-texel): A 4×8 texel block is represented by two bits-per-texel for opaque and transparent textures. Each block stores three 20-bit colors stored in a 5555 format. The first and second 20-bit colors are used for the primary colors of the left 4x4 block, while the second and third colors are used for the primary colors of the right 4×4 block. Two additional colors are created in each block by interpolating between the two primary colors for that block.
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Ahmadzaï re-arranged "Die Another Day" at his home in Paris while Colombier finished the string sections in Los Angeles. An electroclash and dance-pop number, "Die Another Day" is a mixture of strings and interpolating electronic swirls, and stuttered editing on Madonna's voice, cutting the main signal on the chorus. "Die Another Day" received mixed responses from music critics; one group of reviewers favored its departure from traditional Bond soundtracks, while others panned its production and called it uninteresting. It was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song and two Grammy Awards for Best Dance Recording and Best Short Form Music Video.
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MGM also released the Original Cast Recording of the stage show. Melvin Van Peebles' darkly comic and explicit 1970 album, Ain't Supposed to Die a Natural Death, became a Tony-nominated Broadway musical in October 1971, interpolating material from two of Van Peebles' other albums, Brer Soul and As Serious as a Heart-Attack, as well. A number of popular rock musicals (or "rock operas") began as original album musicals, including Jesus Christ Superstar, Evita, Chess, The Who's Tommy and American Idiot. An interesting variation on the album musical is A Complete Authentic Minstrel Show released in both monaural and stereo in 1958 on the budget label, Somerset Records.
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During this tour, Shirley quoted lines from Fleetwood Mac's "Dreams" and Freedy Johnston's "This Perfect World" on the outro for "You Look So Fine", Donna Summer's "Love To Love You Baby" on the intro of "Stupid Girl", and Madonna's "Erotic" on the intro to "#1 Crush". In addition to interpolating from "Talk of the Town" by The Pretenders on "Special", Shirley also quoted lines from their cover of "I Go to Sleep". A number of intro tape samples were used throughout the tour, including the band's own then-unreleased song "Time Will Destroy Everything" as the lead tape. The "tears in rain" monologue from Blade Runner preceded "Hammering In My Head".
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Nyman did not base his score on that he wrote for Prospero's Books, but began a new score from scratch, occasionally interpolating music from the previous score as is his wont. He chose not to set Ariel's songs or the Masque, which he had already set, but he allows for them to be interpolated into the opera. Some of the music, such as in "The fringed curtains of thine eye advance" and "Ye elves" are known to be derived from La Traversée de Paris. The instrumental piece that became "Ye elves" is retitled "Miranda Previsted" on The Very Best of Michael Nyman: Film Music 1980-2001.
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Seismic reflection and refraction techniques are the most widely used geophysical technique in hydrocarbon exploration. They are used to map the subsurface distribution of stratigraphy and its structure which can be used to delineate potential hydrocarbon accumulations, both stratigraphic and structural deposits or "traps". Well logging is another widely used technique as it provides necessary high resolution information about rock and fluid properties in a vertical section, although they are limited in areal extent. This limitation in areal extent is the reason why seismic reflection techniques are so popular; they provide a method for interpolating and extrapolating well log information over a much larger area.
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The orbital drilling principle Circle interpolating, also known as orbital drilling, is a process for creating holes using machine cutters. Orbital drilling is based on rotating a cutting tool around its own axis and simultaneously about a centre axis which is off-set from the axis of the cutting tool. The cutting tool can then be moved simultaneously in an axial direction to drill or machine a hole – and/or combined with an arbitrary sidewards motion to machine an opening or cavity. By adjusting the offset, a cutting tool of a specific diameter can be used to drill holes of different diameters as illustrated.
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These linear inequalities can be selected in the standard (Fisher's) form of the linear discriminant for a rich family of probability distribution. In particular, such theorems are proven for log- concave distributions including multidimensional normal distribution (the proof is based on the concentration inequalities for log-concave measuresGuédon, O., Milman, E. (2011) Interpolating thin-shell and sharp large-deviation estimates for isotropic log-concave measures, Geom. Funct. Anal. 21 (5), 1043–1068.) and for product measures on a multidimensional cube (this is proven using Talagrand's concentration inequality for product probability spaces). Data separability by classical linear discriminants simplifies the problem of error correction for artificial intelligence systems in high dimension.
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Precomputing a set of intermediate results at the beginning of an algorithm's execution can often increase algorithmic efficiency substantially. This becomes advantageous when one or more inputs is constrained to a small enough range that the results can be stored in a reasonably sized block of memory. Because memory access is essentially constant in time complexity (except for caching delays), any algorithm with a component which has worse than constant efficiency over a small input range can be improved by precomputing values. In some cases efficient approximation algorithms can be obtained by computing a discrete subset of values and interpolating for intermediate input values, since interpolation is also a linear operation.
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In numerical analysis, when approximating functions using polynomial interpolation with equally spaced interpolation points, it may be the case for some functions that using more points creates worse approximations, so that the interpolation diverges from the function it is trying to approximate rather than converging to it. This paradoxical behavior is called Runge's phenomenon. It was first discovered by Carl David Tolmé Runge for Runge's function y=1/(1+25x^2), another scaled version of the witch of Agnesi, when interpolating this function over the interval [-1,1]. The same phenomenon occurs for the witch y=1/(1+x^2) itself over the wider interval [-5,5].
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The sine-only expansion for equally spaced points, corresponding to odd symmetry, was solved by Joseph Louis Lagrange in 1762, for which the solution is a discrete sine transform. The full cosine and sine interpolating polynomial, which gives rise to the DFT, was solved by Carl Friedrich Gauss in unpublished work around 1805, at which point he also derived a fast Fourier transform algorithm to evaluate it rapidly. Clairaut, Lagrange, and Gauss were all concerned with studying the problem of inferring the orbit of planets, asteroids, etc., from a finite set of observation points; since the orbits are periodic, a trigonometric interpolation was a natural choice.
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Trilinear filtering is a remedy to a common artifact seen in mipmapped bilinearly filtered images: an abrupt and very noticeable change in quality at boundaries where the renderer switches from one mipmap level to the next. Trilinear filtering solves this by doing a texture lookup and bilinear filtering on the two closest mipmap levels (one higher and one lower quality), and then linearly interpolating the results. This results in a smooth degradation of texture quality as distance from the viewer increases, rather than a series of sudden drops. Of course, closer than Level 0 there is only one mipmap level available, and the algorithm reverts to bilinear filtering.
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In March 1526, Bucer published Apologia, defending his views. He proposed a formula that he hoped would satisfy both sides: different understandings of scripture were acceptable, and church unity was assured so long as both sides had a "child-like faith in God". Bucer stated that his and Zwingli's interpretation on the eucharist was the correct one, but while he considered the Wittenberg theologians to be in error, he accepted them as brethren as they agreed on the fundamentals of faith. He also published two translations of works by Luther and Johannes Bugenhagen, interpolating his own interpretation of the Lord's Supper into the text.
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It was just something in our DNA, so it woke him up, and we started remembering all these old dancehall songs from the '90s." Boi-1da came with up idea for sampling an "old school dancehall rhythm" and after that the chords were made with Ritter and past it, "everything went organically". The most recognizable sampling found in the "Work" riddim is from the 1998 riddim "Sail Away" which was produced by Richie Stephens and Mikey 2000, interpolating Alexander O'Neal's "If You Were Here Tonight". When the song's music was finished, Boi-1da sent it to PartyNextDoor who wrote the lyrics, "he's an incredible writer, and he's Jamaican as well.
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The rhythm > section is very heavy, almost Zeppelinish, the horns are very jazzy and the > songs are very commercial, so it makes for quite an interesting combination. > : - Roy Wood, Melody Maker, 3 September 1977 They played one show, broadcast live by BBC Television and BBC Radio 1 in the Sight and Sound In Concert series, on 2 April 1977. Most of the material they played was new, though they also included The Move's "California Man", interpolating the basic riff from another Move oldie, "Brontosaurus", and Wizzard's "Are You Ready to Rock". Several of the songs appeared on their only album Super Active Wizzo, released in September 1977 on the Warner Bros.
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As with other difference formulas, the degree of a Newton interpolating polynomial can be increased by adding more terms and points without discarding existing ones. Newton's form has the simplicity that the new points are always added at one end: Newton's forward formula can add new points to the right, and Newton's backward formula can add new points to the left. The accuracy of polynomial interpolation depends on how close the interpolated point is to the middle of the x values of the set of points used. Obviously, as new points are added at one end, that middle becomes farther and farther from the first data point.
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"Cleopatra", a love ballad, combines sounds from around the world through using West Indian drums and sampling the Bollywood song "Jiya Jale" from A. R. Rahman's Dil Se.. soundtrack, while also interpolating lyrics from Craig David's song "Fill Me In". "Habibi" is a celebration of immigrant culture, specifically Yemeni culture, reflecting those who run the local bodegas in Queens. The song "Columbus", named after the famed explorer Christopher Columbus, is the outro to the album, and was released as a single in response to President Donald Trump's travel ban. A revolutionary hymn, "Columbus" was described by Khan as about any oppressor and "what they think they did and what really happened".
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Frame rates higher than 24 fps and 30 fps are quite common in TV drama and in-game cinematics. Some media players are capable of showing HFR content and almost all computers and smart devices can handle this format as well. In recent years some televisions have the ability to take normal 24 fps videos and "convert" them to HFR content by interpolating the motion of the picture, effectively creating new computer generated frames between each two key frames and running them at higher refresh rate. Some computer programs allow for that as well but with higher precision and better quality as the computing power of the PC has grown.
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This was still the great age of the Neapolitan Opera. Other German composers like Johann Adolph Hasse, Johann Christian Bach, and particularly Christoph Willibald Gluck had successfully preceded Kalkbrenner to Naples and there is reason to believe that he hoped to establish himself as a composer of Neapolitan operas there. However, no proof has yet established that he composed or staged an opera in Naples. In 1799 Kalkbrenner made his way to Paris where he managed to become Maître des Chœurs et des Écoles at the Paris Opera. In 1803 he rearranged Mozart’s Don Giovanni for the Paris Opera interpolating pieces he composed himself.
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In the simplest case, a fileserver houses data and perhaps scripts which can be accessed by any system in an environment. However, certain types of files (executable binaries and shared libraries, in particular) can only be used by specific types of hardware or specific versions of specific operating systems. For situations like this, automounter utilities generally support some means of "mapping" or "interpolating" variable data into the mount arguments. For example, an organization with a mixture of Linux and Solaris systems might arrange to host their software package repositories for each on a common file-server using export names like `depot:/export/linux` and `depot:/export/solaris` respectively.
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It is conceivable that the five superstring theories are approximated to a theory in higher dimensions possibly involving membranes. Because the action for this involves quartic terms and higher so is not Gaussian, the functional integrals are very difficult to solve and so this has confounded the top theoretical physicists. Edward Witten has popularised the concept of a theory in 11 dimensions, called M-theory, involving membranes interpolating from the known symmetries of superstring theory. It may turn out that there exist membrane models or other non-membrane models in higher dimensions—which may become acceptable when we find new unknown symmetries of nature, such as noncommutative geometry.
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He writes that her work brings to mind the photographs of Harry Callahan, Garry Winogrand, and Weegee, as well as Robert Frank. He also notes that there are a high number of self-portraits in her work, "in many ingenious permutations, as if she were checking on her own identity or interpolating herself into the environment. A shadowy character, she often photographed her own shadow, possibly as a way of being there and simultaneously not quite there." Roberta Smith, writing in The New York Times, has drawn attention to how Maier's photographs are reminiscent of many famous 20th-century photographers, and yet have an aesthetic of their own.
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It was the first feature film photographed in the Todd-AO 70 mm widescreen process. Rodgers and Hammerstein personally oversaw the film to prevent the studio from making the changes that were then typical of stage-to-film musical adaptations, such as interpolating new songs by others. The film followed the stage version more closely than any other Rodgers and Hammerstein stage-to-film adaptation, although it divided the long first scene into several shorter scenes, changing the locations of several of the songs. For example, "Kansas City" is performed at the train station, where Aunt Eller and other cowboys meet Will Parker just after he returns from Kansas City.
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Hawwah was executive produced by Jo Young-cheol, while composer Lee Min-soo co-produced the album and lyricist Kim Eana participated as a lyric producer. Various male musicians collaborated with Gain for the album; Jay Park (featured artist and lyricist, "Apple"), Dok2 (featured artist and lyricist, "Free Will"), Mad Clown (lyricist, "Guilty") and Wheesung (lyricist, "Free Will"), while previous producers, such as KZ and east4A also participated in producing the songs. Due to her being an atheist, Gain understood the album's concept as a story, while expressing the album is "not easy to enjoy for a pop audience". The album takes influences from mostly dance music and R&B;, white interpolating elements from electronic, jazz and bossa nova.
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During the 1990s, Teena Marie's classic R&B;, soul, and funk records were either sampled by hip-hop artists or covered by R&B; divas. Teena Marie herself is regarded as something of a pioneer in helping to bring hip-hop to the mainstream by becoming one of the first artists of her time to rap one of her singles—the aforementioned "Square Biz". In the hip-hop portion of that song, she mentions some of her inspirations: Sarah Vaughan, Johann Sebastian Bach, Shakespeare, Maya Angelou, and Nikki Giovanni. In 1996, the Fugees paid tribute to her by interpolating the chorus of her hit, "Ooo, La, La, La" (1988), into its own "Fu-Gee-La".
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Hermann Prey's "winsome" Eisenstein and Barbara Daniels's "brash" Rosalinde introduced "a party that became a triumphant homage to the powers of the voice", as the tradition of interpolating guest appearances into Orlofsky's festivity was honoured in "one of the most exquisitely refined and extravagant assemblages of vocal artistry" in the Met's entire 108-year history. Hermann Prey evoked memories of his 1966 Met Papageno with an aria that brought the bird-catcher to life with expressive artlessness. Thomas Hampson won an overwhelming ovation with the energy, accuracy and supernatural acting of his "Largo al factotum". Kathleen Battle combined delicately engraved phrasing and a tone of sensuous velvet in "O luce di quest'anima".
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Most well-known of the early pioneers with this was artist Peter Foldes, who completed Metadata in 1971. This film comprised drawings animated by gradually changing from one image to the next, a technique known as "interpolating" (also known as "inbetweening" or "morphing"), which also featured in a number of earlier art examples during the 1960s.From "The Film Animator Today: Artists Without A Canvas" (retrieved 22 April 2012) In 1974, Foldes completed Hunger / La Faim, which was one of the first films to show solid filled (raster scanned) rendering, and was awarded the Jury Prize in the short film category at 1974 Cannes Film Festival, as well as an Academy Award nomination.
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It consisted of a diode light source and a sensor mounted at the ends of four flat mirrors that were tilted so that it took 14 bounces for a beam to reflect the length of the three mirrors from source to sender. The beam struck the beryllium scan mirror eight times as it reflected eight times off the flat mirrors. The beam only sensed three positions, being both ends of scan and the mid scan, but by interpolating between these positions that was all that was required to determine where the multi spectral scanner was pointed. Using the scan monitor information the scanning data could be calibrated to display correctly on a map.
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The finite difference coefficients for a given stencil are fixed by the choice of node points. The coefficients may be calculated by taking the derivative of the Lagrange polynomial interpolating between the node points, by computing the Taylor expansion around each node point and solving a linear system, or by enforcing that the stencil is exact for monomials up to the degree of the stencil. For equi-spaced nodes, they may be calculated efficiently as the Padé approximant of x^s \cdot (\log x)^m, where m is the order of the stencil and s is the ratio of the distance between the leftmost derivative and the left function entries divided by the grid spacing.
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In education, presenting information as if it were being told by a historical figure may give it greater impact. Since classical times, students have been asked to put themselves in the place of a historical figure as a way of bringing history to life. Historical figures are often represented in fiction, where fact and fancy are combined. In earlier traditions, before the rise of a critical historical tradition, authors took less care to be as accurate when describing what they knew of historical figures and their actions, interpolating imaginary elements intended to serve a moral purpose to events: such is the Monk of St. Gall's anecdotal account of Charlemagne, De Carolo Magno.
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The three most widely used numerical methods to solve PDEs are the finite element method (FEM), finite volume methods (FVM) and finite difference methods (FDM), as well other kind of methods called Meshfree methods, which were made to solve problems where the aforementioned methods are limited. The FEM has a prominent position among these methods and especially its exceptionally efficient higher-order version hp-FEM. Other hybrid versions of FEM and Meshfree methods include the generalized finite element method (GFEM), extended finite element method (XFEM), spectral finite element method (SFEM), meshfree finite element method, discontinuous Galerkin finite element method (DGFEM), Element-Free Galerkin Method (EFGM), Interpolating Element-Free Galerkin Method (IEFGM), etc.
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Mobile Positioning Using Wireless Networks) The technology of locating is based on measuring power levels and antenna patterns and uses the concept that a powered mobile phone always communicates wirelessly with one of the closest base stations, so knowledge of the location of the base station implies the cell phone is nearby. Advanced systems determine the sector in which the mobile phone is located and roughly estimate also the distance to the base station. Further approximation can be done by interpolating signals between adjacent antenna towers. Qualified services may achieve a precision of down to 50 meters in urban areas where mobile traffic and density of antenna towers (base stations) is sufficiently high.
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As a further complication, the PSF typically adds a small level of ellipticity to objects in the image, which is not at all random, and can in fact mimic a true lensing signal. Even for the most modern telescopes, this effect is usually at least the same order of magnitude as the gravitational lensing shear, and is often much larger. Correcting for the PSF requires building for the telescope a model for how it varies across the field. Stars in our own galaxy provide a direct measurement of the PSF, and these can be used to construct such a model, usually by interpolating between the points where stars appear on the image.
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He chose to open the album with sparse vocals and acoustic guitar because he thought it was a "weird way to open a Vampire Weekend record". "Harmony Hall" features warm and joyful music, with a "springtime" mood, and has been compared musically to the Grateful Dead's "Touch of Grey" (1987). Influences from rave, baggy and Madchester music from 1990s England, such as "Unbelievable" by EMF, are also evident in its piano and beat, with Baroque elements in its bridge. The "buoyant" music is juxtaposed against dark lyrics, with the track interpolating the line "I don't wanna live like this, but I don't wanna die" from "Finger Back" on the band's previous album Modern Vampires of the City (2013).
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The calculation performed by a multirate interpolating FIR filter for each output sample is a dot product: where the h[•] sequence is the impulse response, and K is the largest value of k for which h[j + kL] is non-zero. In the case L = 2, h[•] can be designed as a half-band filter, where almost half of the coefficients are zero and need not be included in the dot products. Impulse response coefficients taken at intervals of L form a subsequence, and there are L such subsequences (called phases) multiplexed together. Each of L phases of the impulse response is filtering the same sequential values of the x[•] data stream and producing one of L sequential output values.
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Alfred Baldwin Sloane (28 August 1872 Baltimore – 21 February 1925 Red Bank, New Jersey) was an American composer, considered the most prolific songwriter for Broadway musical comedies at the beginning of the 20th century.Oxford Companion to American Theatre The Oxford Companion to American Theatre, Oxford University Press (2004)Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales, Oxford University Press (2000, 2002, 2005)Who's who in New York (city and State), Seventh Edition: 1917–1918, by Lewis Randolph Hamersly, pg. 986 (1918) His scores were first heard in amateur productions in Baltimore, where he grew up. When Sloane first moved to New York in 1890, he began interpolating melodies into others' scores and soon was invited to create his own.
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The exact dates are those on which the Sun is at the points where the horizon is tangential to the analemma, which in turn depend on how much the analemma, or the north–south meridian passing through it, is tilted from the vertical. This angle of tilt is essentially the co- latitude (90° minus the latitude) of the observer. Calculating these dates numerically is complex, but they can be estimated fairly accurately by placing a straight-edge, tilted at the appropriate angle, tangential to a diagram of the analemma, and reading the dates (interpolating as necessary) when the Sun is at the positions of contact. In middle latitudes, the dates get further from the solstices as the absolute value of the latitude decreases.
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This system overcomes the limited repertoire of spaces available in container-based design (CBD) by interpolating conventional construction in the spaces between widely separated containers, using the containers as structural supports, rather than merely enclosure. The firm received a patent for this PRO/dek system, which modifies high density movable storage systems to support programmed activities in a space-saving way. Jones has taught at various schools of architecture in the United States, including Harvard, Columbia, Princeton, IIT, Ohio State, UCLA, Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc)Southern California Institute of Architecture Website and UC Berkeley. Since 2015, Jones has been teaching at USC’s School of Architecture, where he was named Architecture Discipline Head and Director of the Graduate Architecture program.
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Accordingly, the distinction between "primary" and "secondary" transformations becomes problematized. As early as 1992, Jack Douthett created an exact geometric model of inter-triadic voice-leading by interpolating augmented triads between R-related triads, which he called "Cube Dance". Though Douthett's figure was published in 1998, its superiority as a model of voice leading was not fully appreciated until much later, in the wake of the geometrical work of Callender, Quinn, and Tymoczko; indeed, the first detailed comparison of "Cube Dance" to the neo-Riemannian "Tonnetz" appeared in 2009, more than fifteen years after Douthett's initial discovery of his figure. In this line of research, the triadic transformations lose the foundational status that they held in the early phases of neo-Riemannian theory.
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Bob Sabiston (born 1967) is an American film art director, computer programmer, and creator of the Rotoshop software program for computer animation. Sabiston began developing software as an undergraduate and then graduate researcher in the MIT Media Lab from 1986 to 1991. While at MIT, and also after moving to Austin, Texas, in 1993, Sabiston used his 2D/3D software to create several short films, including God's Little Monkey (1994), "Beat Dedication" (1988), and "Grinning Evil Death" (1990). "Grinning Evil Death" was widely seen on the first episode of MTV's "Liquid Television" show. "God's Little Monkey" won the Prix Ars Electronica Golden Nica award for 1994. In 1997, he developed his interpolating rotoscope program, Rotoshop,G4TV for an animation contest sponsored by MTV.
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The technique approximates part of the integrand using radial basis functions (local interpolating functions) and converts the volume integral into boundary integral after collocating at selected points distributed throughout the volume domain (including the boundary). In the dual-reciprocity BEM, although there is no need to discretize the volume into meshes, unknowns at chosen points inside the solution domain are involved in the linear algebraic equations approximating the problem being considered. The Green's function elements connecting pairs of source and field patches defined by the mesh form a matrix, which is solved numerically. Unless the Green's function is well behaved, at least for pairs of patches near each other, the Green's function must be integrated over either or both the source patch and the field patch.
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In 1783, Pond's explorations led him to the Athabasca, a region stretching from Lac Île-à-la- Crosse to the Peace River. There he explored waterways around Lake Athabasca and determined the approximate locations of Great Slave Lake and Great Bear Lake from First Nations peoples of the area. From his notes and diaries Peter Pond drew a map showing rivers and lakes of the Athabasca region, including what was known of the whole area from Hudson Bay to the Rocky Mountains and interpolating his information to the Arctic Ocean or Northwest Passage. In 1785, one copy of Pond's map, accompanied by a detailed report, was submitted to the United States Congress and a second to the Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec, Henry Hamilton.
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"Who'd Have Known" is the fifth and final international single (fourth and final in the United Kingdom) by British recording artist Lily Allen from her second studio album, It's Not Me, It's You. Written by Allen and Greg Kurstin, while interpolating Take That's single "Shine", the song was released as the fifth and final single from the album on 30 November 2009 by Regal Recordings. Contemporary critics complimented the song and Allen's warm vocals, while the music video portrays her as a groupie of Elton John. The song is prominently sampled in American rapper T-Pain's 2011 song "5 O'Clock", on which Allen is credited as a featured artist. "Who’d Have Known" was the last single Allen released as lead artist before her five year hiatus.
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For that purpose, the divided- difference formula and/or its x0 point should be chosen so that the formula will use, for its linear term, the two data points between which the linear interpolation of interest would be done. The divided difference formulas are more versatile, useful in more kinds of problems. The Lagrange formula is at its best when all the interpolation will be done at one x value, with only the data points' y values varying from one problem to another, and when it is known, from past experience, how many terms are needed for sufficient accuracy. With the Newton form of the interpolating polynomial a compact and effective algorithm exists for combining the terms to find the coefficients of the polynomial.
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Ribbon diagram of myoglobin bound to haem (sticks) and oxygen (red spheres) () Ribbon diagrams, also known as Richardson diagrams, are 3D schematic representations of protein structure and are one of the most common methods of protein depiction used today. The ribbon shows the overall path and organization of the protein backbone in 3D, and serves as a visual framework on which to hang details of the full atomic structure, such as the balls for the oxygen atoms bound to the active site of myoglobin in the adjacent image. Ribbon diagrams are generated by interpolating a smooth curve through the polypeptide backbone. α-helices are shown as coiled ribbons or thick tubes, β-strands as arrows, and non-repetitive coils or loops as lines or thin tubes.
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The Gregorian and the Lutheran choral themes match and merge through traditional and nontraditional harmonic procedures, such as non-tonal, modal, polytonal, twelve-tone serial, and so on. The second movement (Adagio), all performed by solo organ, draws on the Antifona of the Ascension, and culminates in a melodic-recitative meditation of variations on the chorale of the Our Father with musical themes on twelve-tone series. The third movement (Vivace) for solo organ expresses a word of contrast, and culminates in the fourth movement (Final) in the form of an organ Fugue in a twelve-tone series, yet emersed in the context of a tonal-polytonal harmonic framework. Here the choir intervenes from time to time by interpolating with the German text of the Our Father, in a mono-rhythmic harmonic form.
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The group flew to Geneva, Switzerland in order to feature Collins in the video. According to band members, "Collins was like, if y'all wanna do it, it's cool, y'all go ahead and do it, but if y'all wanna do a video, y'all gotta come here...to Switzerland" to shoot the video. The video carries a serious and reflective tone, with the Bone Thugs and Collins walking separately around the city, interpolating between quick flash scenes of the city streets, scenes of a drumming parade, and the members rapping (singing in Collins' case) either inside a train station or at one of several spots outside (mostly accompanied by at least one other member). Emphasizing the difference between Collins and the rappers, his motions are noticeably calmer and less vivid than Bone's.
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The input signal f is split into odd \gamma _1 and even \lambda _1 samples using shifting and downsampling. The detail coefficients \gamma _2 are then interpolated using the values of \gamma _1 and the prediction operator on the even values: :\gamma _2 = \gamma _1 - P(\lambda _1 ) \, The next stage (known as the updating operator) alters the approximation coefficients using the detailed ones: :\lambda _2 = \lambda _1 + U(\gamma _2 ) \, alt=Block diagram of the SGWT The functions prediction operator P and updating operator U effectively define the wavelet used for decomposition. For certain wavelets the lifting steps (interpolating and updating) are repeated several times before the result is produced. The idea can be expanded (as used in the DWT) to create a filter bank with a number of levels.
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Although they did not accomplish any computation, electromechanical position servos were essential in mechanical analog computers of the "rotating-shaft" type for providing operating torque to the inputs of subsequent computing mechanisms, as well as driving output data-transmission devices such as large torque- transmitter synchros in naval computers. Other non-computational mechanisms included internal odometer-style counters with interpolating drum dials for indicating internal variables, and mechanical multi-turn limit stops. Considering that accurately controlled rotational speed in analog fire-control computers was a basic element of their accuracy, there was a motor with its average speed controlled by a balance wheel, hairspring, jeweled-bearing differential, a twin-lobe cam, and spring-loaded contacts (ship's AC power frequency was not necessarily accurate, nor dependable enough, when these computers were designed).
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His article On the Construction of Tables by Interpolation was published in April 1928, and described the use of punched card equipment for interpolating tables of data, in contrast to the more inefficient and error-prone methods involving mechanical devices like the pinwheel calculators under the Brunsviga brand name. In the same year, he became the first person to use punched card equipment for scientific calculations, by using Fourier synthesis to compute the principal terms in the motion of the Moon between 1935 and 2000 (improving upon the predictions of Ernest William Brown). Wallace J. Eckert, an American student of Brown at Columbia University, would later use IBM's vast computational resources to refine the predictions even further. (includes photographs, references and bibliography) He was promoted to Superintendent of the Nautical Almanac Office in 1930.
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Hindemith only added vocal lines to the orchestral texture, as well as interpolating a few recitativic inserts. The tempo markings are in German and are generally slow and reflective. However, each movement is formed by an amalgamation of short segments, which is why the symphony includes many different tempo changes. The symphony is scored for a large orchestra made up of two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets in Bb, a bass clarinet, two bassoons, a contrabassoon, four horns in F, two trumpets in Bb, three trombones, one tuba, timpani, a large percussion section (a bass drum, a tenor drum, a wooden drum, a snare drum, cymbals, a triangle, a tambourine, a tam-tam, a gong, tubular bells, and a glockenspiel) calling for three to five percussionists and a large string section.
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He developed the short-lived but treasured original toy and animation property, B.C. Bikers, about a rogue band of "chrome age" dinosaurs who ride motorcycles through their prehistoric end times. He worked on interpolating the Troma feature film, The Toxic Avenger into an animated program for kids, called Toxic Crusaders. In 2006, he worked with creator/producer, Rick Ungar, to develop Zorro: Generation Z. He penned a script for an introductory animated series called Gormiti: The Invincible Lords of Nature, based on the Italian toy phenomenon from Giochi Preziosi, which made its way to the United States via Playmates Toys, and debuted on Cartoon Network in 2009. Creating story content for digital products has resulted in Schulte's co-development of a number of noteworthy projects, including smart toys for Bandai America (Tamagotchi) and Playmates Toys (Nano).
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An entire album of cosmopolitan Mark Ronson-esque pop soul like "Same Kinda Man" and the Shabba Ranks-interpolating "In the Middle" could have been revelatory. Instead, those highlights are jumbled between too many grooves that recall a vague, anonymous version of the decade between Jennifer Holliday and Mary J. Blige." Mikael Wood of The Los Angeles Times gave the album a positive review, saying "There are signs of individual life here: the palpable regret in "Damn," about falling in love "with someone else's man"; the old-fashioned sass suffusing "In the Middle"; the tension between desire and virtue in "Passenger," with a characteristically woozy beat by producer Mike Will Made It. And, reprised from the show, there is Glover's powerful rendition of the Cure's "Lovesong," which may go down as the final must-see "Idol" performance. TV's loss is music's gain.
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Many pollen diagrams around the world indicate that major climate changes caused the last continental ice sheets to retreat, leading to dramatic effects on the distribution and abundance of plants.Bennett, K.D., 1988, Post-glacial vegetation history: ecological considerations, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Handbook of Vegetation science, vol.7, pp.699-724 By converting pollen data into plant functional type (PFT) assemblages and interpolating the data, researchers have been able to reconstruct postglacial vegetation patterns around the world.Davis, B., Collins, P.M., Kaplan, J.O., 2014 (July), The age and post-glacial development of the modern European vegetation: a plant functional approach based on pollen data, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, DOI 10.1007/s00334-014-0476-9 Core sampling and analysis of lake sediments that contain pollen and other plant remains are often used to obtain good records of past pollination cycles.
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After Planck identified that Wien's law can be extended to all frequencies, even very low ones, by interpolating with the classical equipartition law for radiation, physicists wanted to understand the quantum behavior of other systems. The Planck radiation law quantized the motion of the field oscillators in units of energy proportional to the frequency: : E= h f = \hbar \omega \, The quantum can only depend on the energy/frequency by adiabatic invariance, and since the energy must be additive when putting boxes end to end, the levels must be equally spaced. Einstein, followed by Debye, extended the domain of quantum mechanics by considering the sound modes in a solid as quantized oscillators. This model explained why the specific heat of solids approached zero at low temperatures, instead of staying fixed at 3k_B as predicted by classical equipartition.
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According to his biographer, Cotogni's professional/usable vocal range was from A1 to B4, though a handful of his roles and even his interpolations and cadenzas require a half-step lower—A♭1. According to Ricci, his other noted interpolations include a high G♯ in Posa's romanza "Carlo, ch'è sol il nostro amore" in Don Carlo; high A♭'s in "O de verd'anni miei" and "O sommo Carlo" from Ernani and the end of "Suoni la tromba" in I puritani; and a quick high A♮in a roulade on the word "piacere" in "Largo al factotum" from Il barbiere di Siviglia. He did, however, chide Titta Ruffo for interpolating an unwritten high B♭ in Hamlet. It is therefore unlikely that Cotogni ever sang a note above the high A♮ in public performance.
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"Alice Faye in Good News", New York Post, December 24, 1974 The book was harshly criticized; Barnes pronounced it "a terrible book" with "jokes obvious enough to give banana skins a bad name", and Time referred to it as an "ancient flapdoodle of a plot"."Football Flapdoodle", Time, January 6, 1975 Critics also questioned the practice of interpolating songs from other shows. Walter Kerr opined that preserving the original score was vital to the character of a revival, stating, "the only reason for remounting vehicles that have half-vanished...is to get beyond all that is dated into the specific textures of the scores that haven't...there's no point for enduring banality in a book if all you're going to get in return is a random rummage through an attic that produces a perhaps bountiful but essentially characterless heap".Kerr, Walter.
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The main drawback of SGM is its memory consumption. An implementation of the two-pass 8-directions version of the algorithm requires to store W \times H \times D + 3 \times W \times D + D elements, since the accumulated cost volume has a size of W \times H \times D and to compute the cost for a pixel during each pass it is necessary to keep track of the D path costs of its left or right neighbour along one direction and of the W \times D path costs of the pixels in the row above or below along 3 directions. One solution to reduce memory consumption is to compute SGM on partially overlapping image tiles, interpolating the values over the overlapping regions. This method also allows to apply SGM to very large images, that would not fit within memory in the first place.
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"Let It Go" is a song by American R&B; recording artist Keyshia Cole. It was written by Cole, Jack Knight, Cainon Lamb, Lil' Kim, and Missy Elliott for her second album Just Like You (2007) and samples "Juicy Fruit" by Mtume, and "Don't Stop the Music" by Yarbrough and Peoples, while also interpolating "Juicy" by The Notorious B.I.G., who also sampled "Juicy Fruit." Production was handled by Elliott and Lamb, with Lil' Kim and Elliott also appearing as featured vocalists on the track. Released as the album's lead single, it debuted at number 74 on the Billboard Hot 100 on the issue date of July 7, 2007, and peaked at number 7, becoming Cole's third top ten hit single altogether and first top ten Billboard Hot 100 single as a lead artist. It also became Cole's first number 1 hit on the R&B;/Hip-Hop Songs chart.
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The second release was a single soundtrack album LP of the film score, released by Caedmon/United Artists Records. The third release was a CD compilation of two 1966 Brook/Peaslee Royal Shakespeare Company productions: Marat/Sade and US, released by Premier Recordings. The songs included on this 1992 CD were: # Homage to Marat # The Corday Waltz # Song and Mime of Corday's Arrival in Paris # The People's Reaction # Those Fat Monkeys # Poor Old Marat # One Day It Will Come to Pass # Poor Marat in Your Bathtub Seat # Poor Old Marat (Reprise) # Copulation Round # Fifteen Glorious Years (interpolating the "Marseillaise") # Finale This track listing omits Royal Anthem (which appears on all other recordings) and does not specifically mention The Tumbrel Song either individually or as a part of Song and Mime of Corday's Arrival in Paris. The cast of this recording includes Patrick Magee, Glenda Jackson and Freddie Jones.
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Cruickshank, Graeme. "The Life and Loves of Letty Lind" in The Gaiety, Issue 22, Summer 2007 Edwardes then hired Grossmith to create the part of Bertie Boyd in the hit musical The Shop Girl (1894). The 21-year-old actor wrote the lyrics to his character's hit song "Beautiful, bountiful Bertie", which he popularised in both London and New York. He eventually appeared in some 20 Edwardes shows, often interpolating his own songs into the shows. Grossmith left the musical stage for about three years, appearing in straight comedies, but he returned in 1898 to take over in the musical Little Miss Nobody and then as Mark Antony in the burlesque, Great Caesar (1899), which Grossmith had written with Paul Rubens. The piece was not successful, but he wrote another (also unsuccessful piece), The Gay Pretenders (1900), in which he included roles for both himself and his famous father, that played at the Globe Theatre with a cast also including John Coates, Frank Wyatt, Letty Lind and Richard Temple.The Times, 12 November 1900, p.
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His principle of selection is unknown; it is only certain that while he omitted much that he should have retained, he has preserved much that would otherwise have perished. The extent of our obligations may be ascertained by a comparison between his anthology and that of the next editor, the monk Maximus Planudes (AD 1320), who has not merely grievously mutilated the anthology of Cephalas by omissions, but has disfigured it by interpolating verses of his own. We are, however, indebted to him for the preservation of the epigrams on works of art, which seem to have been accidentally omitted from our only transcript of Cephalas. The Planudean Anthology (in seven books) was the only recension of the anthology known at the revival of classical literature, and was first published at Florence, by Janus Lascaris, in 1494. It long continued to be the only accessible collection, for although the Palatine manuscript known as the Palatine Anthology, the sole extant copy of the anthology of Cephalas, was discovered in the Palatine library at Heidelberg, and copied by Saumaise (Salmasius) in 1606, it was not published until 1776, when it was included in Brunck's Analecta Veterum Poetarum Graecorum.
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