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381 Sentences With "inquisitions"

How to use inquisitions in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "inquisitions" and check conjugation/comparative form for "inquisitions". Mastering all the usages of "inquisitions" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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It also encouraged secular inquisitions that made the original look tame.
It was only the latest in her inquisitions of President Donald Trump's lackeys.
This story is the Chernobyl of European anti-Semitism: pogroms, persecutions, inquisitions, massacres, Holocaust.
In his memoir, Geithner said Warren's oversight hearings resembled 'made-for-YouTube inquisitions rather than serious inquiries.'
These Republican inquisitions shamefully began before the presidential election in 2012 and continue through the presidential election of 2016.
He made this furiously derisive satire of American mores and politics after being exiled from the United States owing to McCarthyite inquisitions.
In another plus for transparency, Mueller didn't rely solely on a federal grand jury for all his evidence gathering and witness inquisitions.
"It is my hope that your draconian inquisitions are not returning this committee to the dark days of 16th-century England," he said.
As a cybersecurity and national security reporter, the government all too often is "the nemesis," often a target of journalistic inquisitions and investigations.
Comey then paraded to a succession of congressional committees, some of which were taxpayer-financed partisan inquisitions, for hearings that received saturation news coverage.
In a sealed court filing in Austria earlier this month, Firtash's legal team compared the DOJ's 13-year investigation of Firtash to the medieval inquisitions.
She's touted her distrust of big banks, Big Tech and Big Pharma over her years on Capitol Hill, marked by inquisitions of big bank CEOs.
As the cabinet nominees submit to their inquisitions and Trump holds his first news conference since the election, there's a surfeit of political spectacle this week.
Carlson went on to attack Senate Democrats on the Judiciary panel for what he called "ludicrous" inquisitions into Kavanaugh's school yearbook rather than his numerous legal opinions.
"Isn't there a risk that the France of Enlightenment they had so admired may break this bond through witch hunts and unfair and disproportionate inquisitions...," Bollore asked.
Whereas feminism in this age of #MeToo inquisitions (I mean that in a good way) and "the future is female" ambition does have real capital to burn.
Is the period of dueling inquisitions and digital militias a prelude to the sweeping liberal victory that many Catholics felt that John Paul and Benedict cruelly forestalled?
I hope that I will be the last victim of China's endless literary inquisitions and that from now on no one will be incriminated because of speech.
At the same time, the witch hunters, the clerical and secular authorities presiding over inquisitions and tribunals tasked with identifying and eliminating witchcraft practitioners, were overwhelmingly male.
I made sure to grab a cup for lunch at the office, and although I got a few inquisitions to my ramen choice, it all felt pretty standard.
But this panel has shown young scientists that doing so might expose them to endless fishing-expedition subpoenas, dead-end Kafkaesque inquisitions, and even threats to their physical safety.
In a curious Freudian twist, the distending nose also becomes a functional phallus, enabling Pic — in the film's most stomach-turning scene — to orally rape his female master when her inquisitions become abusive.
The resulting brand of football—fast, explosive, open, rugby scrum-less—led to an explosion in the game's popularity, and shortly thereafter, high-profile inquisitions into the gruesome injuries endemic to the sport.
Nor is what happened after the teasing on the playground revealed: darker skinned students would lead inquisitions to determine if those of us who could easily win membership to any blue vein society were black enough.
Will Republicans in Congress who spent four years misusing taxpayer money to finance subpoena-powered inquisitions against Clinton have the clarity and courage stand up for America against foreign attempts to corrupt our politics and undermine our democracy?
Even if House Republicans maintain institutional control by a smaller margin, they will have to decide whether to continue to use the power of House committees to engage in perpetual partisan investigations and inquisitions against a newly elected president.
Mark Zuckerberg may have become more confident and calm in facing congressional inquisitions, but his company faces even deeper trouble with lawmakers ready to punish Facebook for its transgressions on privacy, civil rights, competition and the future of U.S. democracy.
When the chief executive of Wells Fargo, Charles W. Scharf, appeared before the House Financial Services Committee on Tuesday, the committee's chairwoman opened with an ominous warning: The last two Wells Fargo chiefs to face Capitol Hill inquisitions resigned soon after.
And in the interest of securing some rare common ground, I think his analysis of what is happening to Catholic life under Francis — the rise of informal inquisitions, the paralysis of Catholic institutions, the failure of normal ecclesiastical structures — contains some important truth.
Challengers Both Dana White and Cruz were understandably asked to forecast who the next challenger to the newly crowned champion would be following the bout, and based on the amount of options currently available at 135 lbs, they were probably right to not humor the media's inquisitions.
To keep all eyes focused on the inquisitions taking place on Capitol Hill while former Vice President Joe BidenJoe BidenFive takeaways from the Democratic debate As Buttigieg rises, Biden is still the target Leading Democrats largely pull punches at debate MORE struggles to remember where he is?
In fact the conflicting inquisitions, liberal and conservative, are the all-but-inevitable result of the pope's decisions to stir the church's tensions into civil war again, and then to fight for the liberal side using ambiguous statements and unofficial interventions rather than the explicit powers of his office.
Once a conservative hero for his headline-grabbing inquisitions of the Obama administration — over the "Fast and Furious" gun-running program and alleged IRS targeting of conservatives, as well as his highly charged Benghazi probe — Gowdy has also bedeviled partisans by sometimes refusing to toe a pro-Trump line.
Driven by the "Warrior Pope" from a Renaissance Europe of ghettos, inquisitions, and rampant Church corruption, Énard's Michelangelo encounters a city that seems to "sway between Ottomans, Greeks, Jews and Latins," ruled by an epicurean sultan who enjoys wine, poetry, music, and the intimate company of men and women alike.
When Comey concluded his original investigation and found that no legal action was warranted, and said that this decision was not even a close call, he then allowed himself to be turned into a political football when his testimony was sought by various partisan committees conducting these four year old inquisitions.
Likewise the campus left has added transgenderism to its list of causes and some new words to its vocabulary of enforcement, but otherwise its recent inquisitions feel more like a replay of the 1990s P.C. wars than a 1960s-level convulsion, with the internet amplifying the attention they garner but not necessarily their real scope.
But of course Professor Faggioli felt justified in organizing his particular militia, because he apparently felt that I had previously tried to get him fired during a waspish exchange on Twitter (it's inquisitions all the way down, I'm afraid), when I suggested that his views on the potential evolution of Catholicism might be usefully acknowledged as a heresy.
Jason ChaffetzJason ChaffetzHouse Oversight panel demands DeVos turn over personal email records The Hill's Morning Report - Presented by JUUL Labs - Trump attack on progressive Dems draws sharp rebuke GOP senators decline to criticize Acosta after new Epstein charges MORE (R-Utah) and members of various House Republican committees should end their taxpayer-financed inquisitions against Clinton and address the real business of the nation, following the lead of Trump.
'Inquisitions: 585. William le Blund', Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, I (HMSO 1904), pp. 184-85 (Internet Archive).'Inquisitions: 392.
'Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward I, File 47', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem: Volume 2, Edward I, ed. J E E S Sharp (London, 1906), pp. 377-383. British History Online.
Inquisitions post mortem upon Sir Thomas de Felton. M.C.B. Dawes, A.C. Wood and D.H. Gifford (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. 15: Richard II (HMSO, London 1970), pp. 134-149.
Not until 1221 was account rendered for Combs in Bartholomew's name.'Inquisitions: 296: Robert son of John de Thorp', Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. VII: Edward III (HMSO 1909), pp. 214-18 (Internet Archive).
The combined Spanish-Portuguese inquisitions caused one of the largest diasporas in Jewish history.
After Sarra's death, Roger fitz Peter held her lands by Courtesy of England until he died in 1306.'Inquisitions: 392. Roger son of Peter son of Osbert', Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward I, IV: 1300–1307 (HMSO 1913), pp. 266-268, at p.
Fiants, Eliz.; Gray Papers (Bannatyne Club), p. 30; Repertory of Inquisitions, Meath, Charles I, No. 80.
View original at AALT (Anglo-American Legal Tradition website). whose sister Isabel was the mother of Thomas's heir, Robert de Valoines.'Inquisitions: 392. Roger son of Peter son of Osbert', Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward I, IV: 1300–1307 (HMSO 1913), pp. 266-268, at p.
64, 87. Read at Google. T.N.A. (Chancery): Inquisitions post mortem, ref. C 142/579/78 (1638–39).
Thomas was succeeded by Robert de Valognes, whose mother was Isabel de Creke, sister of Bartholomew de Creke.'Inquisitions: 392. Roger son of Peter son of Osbert', Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward I, IV: 1300-1307 (HMSO 1913), pp. 266-268, at p. 267 (Helmingham) (Internet Archive).
By the mid-to-late 14th century papal- commissioned inquisitions had been dissolved in many parts of Europe.
In the lead-up to Inquisitions release, BioWare released character kits of Cassandra and Varric in order to assist cosplayers.
It has been calculated that in the thirty-five year period to 2013 he published seventy-five articles and full-length studies, averaging over two per year. As of 2012,Hicks, M. A. (ed.), The Fifteenth- Century Inquisitions Post Mortem: A Companion, Woodbridge, 2012. his most recent work has centred on the Inquisitions post mortem,Clarke, L. (ed.), The Fifteenth Century XIV: Essays Presented to Michael Hicks, Woodbridge, 2015, xv, xvi. and he is now principal investigator on a project "dedicated to creating a digital edition of the medieval English inquisitions".
Registrum Roberti Mascall, p. 183. The dire situation here was not unusual, as 14th century had been a time of great suffering in the countryside, with a major agrarian crisis in 1315-22, note anchor 4. and the onset of the Black Death in 1349., note anchor 13. In the worst times, Shropshire inquisitions declared estates worthless or nearly so,Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward III, Volume 11, File 179, no. 537. and landowners sometimes struggle to meet even modest rents,Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward III, Volume 11, File 166, no. 233.
J E E S Sharp (editor). Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Volume 2, Edward I. (London: Public Record Office, 1906), pp.
By the time of the pontificate of Paul III, the Reform movement had swept much of Europe away from the Catholic Church. In response, Paul III issued the Licet ab initio, establishing inquisitions in Rome in 1542. These inquisitions consisted of six cardinals given the authority to investigate heresy and to appoint deputies when they deemed necessary.
Sir Roger de Boys and others, attorneys for the remainders of Edmund de Ufford,A.E. Stamp, J.B.W. Chapman, C. Flower, M.C.B. Dawes and L.C. Hector, 'Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward III, File 254', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. 14: Edward III (London 1952), pp. 227-37, No. 218 (British History Online, accessed 16 June 2018).
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume 16, no. 1103. It also listed various pieces of land in the vicinity of Kinlet, including a small estate at Catsley. At Leominster an inquisition recorded Brian's moiety of Ashton as held in joint feoffment with his wife Maud, who had survived him.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume 16, no. 1104.
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume 1, no. 503, p. 142-3. A further inquisition in 1263, on the succession of his son Robert, shows that he also held the Edgeland estate, part of Lapley manor, for four shillings.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume 1, no. 557, p. 142-3. In 1338, after the agrarian crisis and famine, an inquisition showed that Thomas de Beysyn had been rendering a service of only half a mark for Silvington, although he was enjoying revenues totalling five marks from his own tenants on the manor.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume 6, no. 168, p. 97-8.
130 (Internet archive). Orford, and Westleton (de Ufford), a rent held from the Beauchamps, and rents in Baylham, Little Blakenham and Great Blakenham.Inquisitions post mortem: 562. John, son of William de Cleydon, 'Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward III, File 109', in J.E.E.S. Sharp, E.G. Atkinson, J.J. O'Reilly and G.J. Morris (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. 9: Edward III (London, 1916), pp.
Tiberius deferred action against the other two, Gaius Annius Pollio and Mamercus Aemilius Scaurus.Tacitus, Annales, vi. 9.Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions, online. pp. 98, 230.
Even though the inquisitions in Spain prosecuted a small quantity of Reformers, the Roman inquisitions were the first to target intentionally and specifically the "heresy" of Protestantism. These inquisitions and their subordinate tribunals were generally successful in keeping any substantial Protestant influence from spreading throughout Italy. Protestants in the decades and centuries to come would use this relatively short-lived persecution as the basis for their accusations about the awful "Inquisition." Protestant movements were reduced by around 1600, so for the duration of the 17th century the Roman inquisitions turned their focus to offences other than Protestantism, notably "magical" heresy. In many trials involving "witchcraft" or "sorcery," “the inquisitors understood very well that the lack of catechesis or consistent pastoral guidance could often result in misunderstandings of doctrine and liturgy, and they showed tolerance of all but the most unavoidably serious circumstances.
Historians use the term "Medieval Inquisition" to describe the various inquisitions that started around 1184, including the Episcopal Inquisition (1184–1230s) and later the Papal Inquisition (1230s). These inquisitions responded to large popular movements throughout Europe considered apostate or heretical to Christianity, in particular the Cathars in southern France and the Waldensians in both southern France and northern Italy. Other Inquisitions followed after these first inquisition movements. The legal basis for some inquisitorial activity came from Pope Innocent IV's papal bull Ad extirpanda of 1252, which explicitly authorized (and defined the appropriate circumstances for) the use of torture by the Inquisition for eliciting confessions from heretics.
He died therefore at the height of his authority and usefulness, aged about 60, perhaps around All Hallows 1316, certainly before February 1317, when the writ for the first of a series of inquisitions upon his many lands was issued.J.E.E.S. Sharp and A.E. Stamp (eds), '50. Inquisition of Ralph son of William', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, Vol. VI: Edward II, (HMSO 1910), pp.
396 Little of Donal II's later life to his death in 1639 remains known, besides what the inquisitions offer, but he was of considerable age by that period.
Beauchamp died in 1401 (sources differ as to whether on 8 April or 8 August).'Calendar Inquisitions Post Mortem' ed. JL Kirkby, XVIII, pp.159-167 (HMSO, 1987).
Roger son of Peter son of Osbert', Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward I, IV: 1300–1307 (HMSO 1913), pp. 266-268, at p. 267 (Helmingham) (Internet Archive).
A mill and its pool were in disrepair. There were substantial tax arrears. However, the vestments and ornaments were not found defective.Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, Volume 2, p.
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, II (HMSO 1906), p. 247 no. 432 (Internet Archive). Cecilia became the mother of Robert de Ufford, 1st Earl of Suffolk and his brethren.
Public Record Office Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem Vol. 6 p. 435 Aline, the elder daughter,Phillips Edward II p. 366 married John de Mowbray and Richard de Peschale.
Richardson, ed. K.G. Everingham, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edn (2011), I, p. 498 (Ufford). and was the youngest of three daughters of Sir Thomas de Felton, Seneschal of Aquitaine, of Litcham, Norfolk (died 1381)'Inquisitions post mortem: Richard II, File 14, nos. 339-343 – Thomas de Felton', in M.C.B. Dawes, A.C. Wood and D.H. Gifford, Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem: Volume 15, Richard II (HMSO, London 1970), pp. 134-49 (British History Online).
The auto de fe that followed trials is the most infamous part of the inquisitions in Spain. The auto de fe involved prayer, celebration of Mass, a public procession of those found guilty, and a reading of their sentences. Artistic representations of the auto de fe usually depict torture and the burning at the stake. These paintings became a major source for creating the violent image popularly associated with the Spanish inquisitions.
82 (Hathi Trust), reciting some of her inquisitions.), concerning the marriage settlement of her daughter Mary (Bedingfield), Echyngham's first wife.The National Archives (UK), Early Chancery Proceedings, Echyngham v Bedyngfield, ref.
Calendar of Inquisitions post mortem: '420: Nicholas Malemayns', Vol. IX: 1347–1352 (HMSO 1916), pp. 318-19; '79: Thomas de Sancto Omero', Vol. XII: Edward III, 1365–1370 (HMSO 1938), pp.
Authority rested with local officials based on guidelines from the Holy See, but there was no central top-down authority running the inquisitions, as would be the case in post-medieval inquisitions. Early Medieval courts generally followed a process called accusatio, largely based on Germanic practices. In this procedure, an individual would make an accusation against someone to the court. However, if the suspect was judged innocent, the accusers faced legal penalties for bringing false charges.
Murphy, C. (2012). God's Jury: The Inquisition and the Making of the Modern World. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. The inquisitions in combination with the Albigensian Crusade were fairly successful in suppressing heresy.
A E Stamp (London, 1933), pp. 174-177 [accessed 11 February 2016]. He regularly sat as a juror in Inquisitions Post Mortem,Calendar of inquisitions post mortem and other analogous documents preserved in the Public Record Office, Volume 23. Public Record Office, Christine Carpenter, Claire Noble. Boydell & Brewer Ltd, 2004 - pp.53, 54, 115. and acted as Verderer in the forests of Chute and Milchet in Wiltshire until his death in July 1433.'Close Rolls, Henry VI: September–November 1429' - Nov. 22. Westminster.
5-85 #M. McShane, 'Land "parcells" of Tullyhunco from the Ulster inquisitions of 1629', in Breifne Journal, Vol. XIII, No. 51 (2016), pp. 756–781. #M.V. Duignan (1934), "The Uí Briúin Bréifni genealogies", pp.
Walter Devereux was born on Christmas Day 1387,Charles Mosley (editor). Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, 1999. Volume 1, pages1378-80Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry IV. (London: Mackie and Co).
A series of inquisitions post mortem held in response to writs issued on 10 April 1321 established that Margaret, the wife of Bartholomew de Badlesmere and Maud, wife of Sir Robert de Welle (sisters of Richard de Clare and both aged 30 years and above) were the next heirs of Richard's son Thomas.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 4, No. 275. Thomas' estate included the stewardship of the Forest of Essex, the town and castle at Thomond and numerous other properties in Ireland.
The Medieval Inquisition is a series of inquisitions (Roman Catholic Church bodies charged with suppressing heresy) from around 1184, including the Episcopal Inquisition (1184–1230s) and later the Papal Inquisition (1230s). It was in response to movements within Europe considered apostate or heretical to Western Catholicism, in particular the Cathars and the Waldensians in southern France and northern Italy. These were the first inquisition movements of many that would follow. The inquisitions in combination with the Albigensian Crusade were fairly successful in ending heresy.
The Medieval Inquisition was a series of inquisitions (Roman Catholic Church bodies charged with suppressing heresy) from around 1184, including the Episcopal Inquisition (1184–1230s) and later the Papal Inquisition (1230s). It was in response to movements within Europe considered apostate or heretical to Western Catholicism, in particular the Cathars and the Waldensians in southern France and northern Italy. These were the first inquisition movements of many that would follow. The inquisitions in combination with the Albigensian Crusade were fairly successful in ending heresy.
However, during his lifetime, Thomas had transferred much if not all of his lands to trustees, apparently with a view to depriving the King of these benefits.Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous (Chancery), Vol. 8, Nos. 114-117.
This indicates he had not reached the legal age of 21 years by 1310. the son of Walter Devereux of BodenhamAnthony Story. Inquisitions and Assessments Relating to Feudal Aids: 1284-1431, Volume II: Dorset to Huntingdon.
Robert de Valoines was however the heir of Thomas, succeeding to his knight-service at Richmond Castle owing from Parham.(Inquisition of Peter de Sabaudia), Calendar of Inquisitions post mortem, II, no. 381, p 210ff, at pp.
See p.449. At this tribunal a large part of Constantius's ministers were brought to trial. In charge of the daily inquisitions was Arbitio, "while the others were present merely for show" according to historian Ammianus Marcellinus.
The inquest, held in 1301-02, was favourable.W. Brown (ed.), Yorkshire Inquisitions Vol. IV, Yorkshire Archaeological Society Records ser. XXXVII (Worksop 1906), 'XIII: Ralph Son of William, for the Chapel of the Blessed Mary of Grimsthorpe', p.
Although the Roman inquisitions worked moderately and guardedly during the remainder of the pontificate of Paul III, they became an essential part of the structure of Rome when Paul IV, who became pope in 1555, launched the Counter-Reformation that Paul III began. Later, in 1588, Pope Sixtus V officially organized the inquisitions into the Congregation of the Holy Roman and Universal Inquisition or Holy Office. It is important to note, however, that this was only one of fifteen administrative departments of the papal government and was not the sole operating body of the Church.
Another member of this circle who fell victim to Domitian was Arulenus Rusticus.Haaland, Josephus and the Philosophers of Rome, p. 305; Steven H. Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and Informants from Tiberius to Domitian (Routledge, 2001), pp. 130–132.
John Offley took up residence in Nychills's house at Hackney, Middlesex.Bower, 'A Manuscript relating to the family of Offley', p. 83. Nechylls died in December 1530,Inquisition post mortem 1531: Fry, Abstracts of Inquisitions, Henry VIII, part 2.
58 (Google). with Hedoun on the Wall, Angyrtoune (Morpeth) and Dodynton.J.E.E.S. Sharp and A.E. Stamp, '51. Inquisition of Robert son of Ralph', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, VI, pp. 26-33, at pp.
Richard's own arms were: Or, three chevronels gules.Annals of Tewkesbury, p. 102 Richard left extensive property, distributed across numerous counties. Details of these holdings were reported at a series of inquisitions post mortem that took place after his death.
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 7, No. 109, page 90. There he was hanged and beheaded. His head was displayed on the Burgh Gate at Canterbury and the rest of his body left hanging at Blean.
Anthony Story. Inquisitions and Assessments Relating to Feudal Aids: 1284-1431, Volume IV: Northampton to Somerset. (London: Public Record Office, 1906). Pages 12 to 13 She outlived her eldest son, Wischard who took the name Ledet, and her grandson, Walter.
Thomas died in November 1523, making provision for his wife and son and for his brother Matthew Buck:Fry, Abstracts of Inquisitions, pp. 35-36. See T.N.A. Discovery Catalogue, Piece Description C 1/708/15. Matthew was still living in 1530.
K. Everingham, Magna Carta Ancestry 2nd Edition (Salt Lake City 2011), III, p. 18; and Joan, who married John Rykhill.'503. Inquisition at Winchelsea, 1415', Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous (Chancery), VII: 1399–1422 (HMSO 1968), pp. 278-83, at p.
Between 1550 and 1800, the inquisitions in Spain focused on not only Protestants, but also the conversos, the supervision of their own clergy, the general problem of non-mainstream religious beliefs among Catholics, and "blasphemous" or "scandalous" behavior. Some believe that the Spanish inquisitions may not have been exceptionally different from other European courts of the time in their prosecution of these offences, as many of these charges were viewed as part of a broad class of moral crimes that raised legitimate concern to spiritual and secular courts in an age when many regarded religion as the fundamental foundation of society.
Bishop of Lincoln, Robert Grosseteste, defined heresy as "an opinion chosen by human perception, created by human reason, founded on the Scriptures, contrary to the teachings of the Church, publicly avowed, and obstinately defended." The fault was in the obstinate adherence rather than theological error, which could be corrected; and by referencing scripture Grosseteste excludes Jews, Muslims, and other non- Christians from the definition of heretic. There were many different types of inquisitions depending on the location and methods; historians have generally classified them into the episcopal inquisition and the papal inquisition. All major medieval inquisitions were decentralized, and each tribunal worked independently.
The medieval inquisitions were a series of separate inquisitions beginning from around 1184. The label Inquisition is problematic because it implies "an institutional coherence and an official unity that never existed in the Middle Ages." In the Late Roman Empire, an inquisitorial system of justice had developed, and that system was revived in the Middle Ages using a combined panel (a tribunal) of both civil and ecclesiastical representatives with a Bishop, his representative, or a local judge, as inquisitor. Essentially, the church reintroduced Roman law in Europe in the form of the Inquisition when it seemed that Germanic law had failed.
421 (Internet Archive).Illingworth and J. Caley (eds), Placita de Quo Warranto temporibus Edw. I, II & III (Commissioners, Westminster 1818), p. 103 (Hathi Trust), Rot. 29. his son the younger Robert married Hawise,'Margaret, daughter and heir of Ralph de Goushull', Calendar of Inquisitions post mortem, VIII: 1336–1347 (HMSO 1913), p. 511: Addenda to vol. V, no 692 (Internet Archive). daughter of Fulk FitzWarin V (and widow of Ralph de GoushullCalendar of Inquisitions post mortem, III: 1291–1300 (HMSO 1912), pp. 135-38 no. 209-210 (Internet Archive). 'Lands of Peter de Goushill and of Ralph his son', in W. Brown (ed.), Yorkshire Inquisitions of the Reigns of Henry III and Edward I, III, Yorkshire Archaeological Society Records XXXI (1902), pp. 49-50 (Internet Archive).), whose son Thomas Hoo was great-grandfather of Lord Hoo and Hastings. Sir Thomas Hoo married Isabel, daughter of John St Leger, in 1335: by this union the manor of Offley St Legers, Hertfordshire, came to the family.
Inquisitions post mortem: The National Archives, C 142/68/2; WARD 7/1/63; E 150/643/44. By intermediate means it became the property of the Borough of Ipswich. The subsequent uses of the site and buildings have their own stories.
Many of these "New Christians" were eventually forced to either leave the countries or intermarry with the local populace by the dual Inquisitions of Portugal and Spain. Many settled in North Africa or elsewhere in Europe, most notably in the Netherlands and England.
There was also Idbury, held of the Earl of March.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume 16, no. 1102. The inquisition taken at Bridgnorth the following day recorded the manor of Kinlet, also held of the Earl of March, as worth nothing beyond outgoings.
Davis, The Ancestry of Mary Isaac, pp. 130-33, gives a searching account, but see 'Inquisition of John de Woldeham', Cal. Inquisitions post mortem Edward III Vol. 7, File 31 pp 301-12, No. 438, (File 31 (36)) (British History Online, accessed 10 November 2017).
William de Echyngham', in J.E.E.S. Sharp and A.E. Stamp (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, III (HMSO 1912), p. 113 (Internet Archive). and recently married to Eva, daughter of Ralph de Stopham.Calendar of the Fine Rolls, Edward I, 1272–1307, pp.
213, 219, 221. He married Roisia (younger sister of William le Blund) before 1247, when their son Robert the younger was born.'Valoines', in Dugdale, Baronage of England, I: Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, I (HMSO 1904), pp. 184-85, no. 585 (Internet Archive).
These confirmed that Sir Philip held properties in Cambridgeshire, Kent, Leicestershire, Oxfordshire, Somerset, Suffolk, Surrey and Sussex.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 19, Nos. 453-464. The dates reported for his death at these hearings were 14, 16 and 18 May 1408.
His son Nicholas Laybourn, esq., aged 32, was found to be his next heir.'1549. Inquest of James Laybourne, knight', in Records of the Barony of Kendale, I, pp. 355-76 (British History Online), citing Exchequer, Inquisitions post mortem, Series ii, file 140, no. 1.
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Volume 1: Henry III. (London: Institute of Historical Research, 1904). Pages: 165-171 In 1284 Maud de Giffard, now a widow, pursued a suit of novel disseisin against Robert's heir, Walter de Beysin, concerning a tenement in Billingsly.Major General Hon.
Historians who leaned toward the witch-hunt-restraining argument were more inclined to differentiate different Inquisitions, and often drew contrast between Italy versus Central Europe. The number of executed witches is also greatly lowered, to between 45,000 and 60,000. Those who argued for the fault of the Inquisition in the witch-craze are more likely to contrast continental Europe to England, as well as seeing the Inquisitions as one singular event which lasted 600 years since its founding in the 11th or 12th century. The significance and emphasis of the Malleus Maleficarum is seen more frequently in arguments which hold the Inquisition accountable for the witch-craze.
After Hamo's death she remarried to William de Albini, who paid a fine to enjoy her lands, and she lived down to 1247.'97. Inquisition post mortem: Agatha Trussebut', Calendar of Inquisitions post mortem, Vol. I: Henry III, 1236-1272 (HMSO 1904), p. 22 (Internet Archive).
Whittingham and R. Baldwin, London/Lynn 1769), pp. 112-14, at p. 113. John lived only until 1289, leaving as heir his sister Sarra, wife of Roger fitz Peter fitz Osbert.'715. John de Creek', Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, II: Edward I (HMSO 1906), p.
J.E.E.S. Sharp and A.E. Stamp (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, I, Henry III (HMSO 1904),'528. Hugh de Bolebek alias de Bolebech', p. 150-51; II (HMSO 1906), '130. Inquisition of Avelina, late the wife of Edmund the King's brother', pp.
William de Everois, de Everos, or de Evereys: Essex, Shropshire, Herefordshire. 25 January 1337 to 24 January 1338] Reference: C135/50/22 Description: Chancery: Inquisitions Post Mortem, Series I, Edward III. William de Everois, de Everos, or de Evereys: Essex, Shropshire, Herefordshire. Date: 11 Edward III.
C.H. 1912), pp. 302–11, at note 87. (British History online) Richard's brother and heir John was only 24 – too young to be Joan's son – when inheriting tenure of the Gobion manors in 1484.Calendar of Inquisitions post mortem: Henry VII, III (HMSO 1955), item 622, p. 363.
He died on 25 January 1458 at NutwellCokayne, p.378, note a, quoting from his inquisition post mortem obiit apud Nutwell and was buried in the Blackfriars, Exeter. Separate Inquisitions post mortem were held concerning his landholdings in the counties of Hampshire, Devon, Somerset, Cornwall, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire.Cokayne, p.
173-74 (Internet archive). Eleanor Ferre retained her title to Benhall until her death in 1349, when the reversion to Robert de Ufford came into effect.'380. Eleanor, Late the wife of Guy Ferre', Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem IX: Edward III (HMSO 1916), pp. 300-01 (Internet Archive).
The Gestapo would have become more excited and would have intensified its inquisitions. If the Pope had protested, Rome would have become the center of attention. It was better that the Pope said nothing. We all shared this opinion at the time, and this is still our conviction today.
Sir Nicholas died on 24 September 1375.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 16, No. 172. His will was made at Poplar four days earlier and directed that he be buried in the parish church of Penshurst or in the Abbey of St Mary of Graces.
Arundel formalised his relationship with many of his followers with small grants of land, rather than the annuities characteristic of bastard feudalism. His inquisition post mortem showed that Burley received from him a moiety of Brotton, worth 30s. annually:Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous (Chancery), 1392–1399, no. 236, p. 114.
709–10Burke 1899, p. 342 A series of inquisitions from 1599 to 1636 show his to have been the greatest land holdings during that period in Carbery after the territories of the MacCarthy princes,Butler, "The Barony of Carbery" although how this came about is a matter of some controversy.
Edward Maria Wingfield, sometimes hyphenated as Edward-Maria Wingfield (1550 in Stonely Priory, near Kimbolton – 1631Date of Birth & Burial. Birth: 1550: E150/102, p.3 Exchequer Copy (English), Lists & Indexes XXIII, PRO Kew, copy of 142/111 p.81, 1557 (Latin), Chancery Copy of Inquisitions Post-Mortems etc, Series II, Vol.
Guy Ferre', Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, VI: Edward II (HMSO 1910), pp. 248-49 (Internet Archive). This precluded the entail to Simon de la Borde, who received Ferre's manor of Ilketshall.These or similar arms were adopted by Sir Robert de Benhall soon after Ferre's death, unknown in what right.
Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1354–1358, p. 11-12. Baldwin had already built up arrears of 102 marks 13s. 3¾., which the king immediately pardoned. An inquisition, established on 22 March, established that the manor of Lapley was worth only £11 14s. 10d.Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volum 3, p. 59-60.
The Inquisitions have long been one of the primary subjects in the scholarly debates regarding witchcraft accusations of the early modern period. Historian Henry Charles Lea places an emphasis on torture methods employed to force confessions from the convicted.Connor, E. (January 31, 1990). "Burning times: The inquisition's reign of terror".
Brabazon died, while on military service, on 9 July 1552 (as is proved by the inquisitions taken in the year of his death), not in 1548 as recorded on his tombstone. His heart was buried with his ancestors at Eastwell, and his body in the chancel of St. Catherine's Church, Dublin.
The Boyville (Bovile, Boyvile, Boyvill, Boyvyle) family is recorded at Stockerston, Leicestershire as early as the 13th century. John was born on 24 June 1391, a son and the heir of Sir Thomas Boyville (c.1370-1401) and his wife Elizabeth Walsh.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, volume 18, No. 689.
1279) and Cecily (c. 1280). These infants became his heirs when he died in 1281. Eva, a cousin of King Edward I, survived her second husband and had for her dower the manors of Tolleshunt Tregoz and Bluntishall (Blunt's Hall, Witham) by the king's command.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, II (HMSO 1906), p.
At the inquiry post-mortem on 7 January 1299 following the death of Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford, Walter Devereux held one knight fee of the honor of Brecknock.J. E. E. S. Sharp (editor). Institute of Historical Research. Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Volume 4: Edward I. (London, 1906). 552.
HC Maxwell Lyte (editor). 1921. Page 325 (12 Nov 1387) In inquisitions taken after the death of Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, in 1398 and Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March in 1426 it is stated that William Devereux had held Frome Haymonds, Stoke Lacy, Holme Lacy, and Lower Hayton.Inquiry post mortem.
W. Clark (ed.), Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle (Cambridge University Press, 1907), pp. 47-53 and passim (Internet archive).) took sides with the rebel barons in 1265.'Peche', in Dugdale, Baronage of England, I, pp. 676-77. He had free warren of his manors of Grundisburgh Hall (vested in him in 1270) and Great Bealings in 1285, and died in 1292"30. Hugh de Peche", 'Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward I, File 62', in J.E.E.S. Sharp and A.E. Stamp (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. 3: Edward I (London, 1912), pp. 15-30 (British History Online, accessed 15 May 2018). leaving them to his heir, the younger Sir Hugh, who died around 1310, when the manors passed to his sister, wife of Sir Robert de Tuddenham.
However, in 1499 Robert Tate, an alderman of London, acquired the young man's wardship and the associated control of lands in Buckinghamshire, Sussex, Kent and Gloucestershire. This arrangement continued until John reached his majority. Agnes survived her husband for four years, dying on 5 July 1501.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 2nd series, Vol.
Presumably, he had died shortly before that date. An inquisition post mortem held on 30 April of that year in respect of land he held in Kent at Badlesmere and Donewelleshethe confirmed that the next heir was his son Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere (12751322).Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol.
These cases were mostly inquisitions into inheritance, alienation of lands, and rights of wardship, with the Escheator as an inquisitorial presiding judge. For example, by 1291 Reginald Moniword had been made a judge.1Hereford Corporation, 13th report, part 4, Court Rolls to 1509, pp.292-302 However historians have noted his lack of real power.
Roger de Swillington, dying in 1417,'789-797: Roger de Swyllyngton, knight', in J.L. Kirby (ed.), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. 20: Henry V (HMSO, London 1995), pp. 234-48 (British History Online). made bequests to Blythburgh and its priory, and gave books including graduals and antiphonaries to Blythburgh and Walberswick parish churches.
Inquisitions and Assessments Relating to Feudal Aids: 1284-1431, Volume IV: Northampton to Somerset. (London: Public Record Office, 1906). Page 27 to 28 probably based on the existence of a son, John Devereux the Younger, by Joan de Eylesford. The lands, though, were included in the dower of John Devereux the Elder's second wife, Eva.
While the Roman Inquisition was originally designed to combat the spread of Protestantism in Italy, the institution outlived that original purpose and the system of tribunals lasted until the mid 18th century, when pre-unification Italian states began to suppress the local inquisitions, effectively eliminating the power of the church to prosecute heretical crimes.
Farnfold owned property in Sussex including Churchmeadow, Gatwickes, a water mill and lands and Wickham Farm SteyningNotes of Post Mortem Inquisitions taken in Sussex Farnhold died in 1643.Steyning: Manors and other estates, A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 6 Part 1: Bramber Rape (Southern Part) (1980), pp. 226-231. Date accessed: 21 January 2011.
Slumach was sentenced to death and he was hanged in January 1891.Bench Books 1864-1964, Vol 597, page 19 page 21-28, M.W.T. Drake, Supreme Court, New Westminster - November 1890, etc. and BC Attorney General, Inquisitions and Inquest 6/91 January 16, 1891, Slumach, an Indian Hung by the court. Contemporary newspapers reported the hanging in detail.
The invasion of England by Roger Mortimer and Queen Isabella shifted power to the Mortimers and the King was forced to abdicate in favor of his son Edward III. William Devereux of Frome, took this opportunity to forcibly disseise Felton of the castle.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Volume VII, Edward III. London: Mackie and Co, LD. 1909.
'Inquisitions, 1597: Peter Osborne, Esq.', in E.A. Fry (ed.), Abstracts of Inquisitiones Post Mortem For the City of London: Part 3 (British Record Society, London 1908), pp. 245-56. (British History Online accessed 10 April 2018). His is probably the christening of "the sonne of Mr Osburne" recorded in August 1554 in the register of St Peter, Westcheap.
Rutledge points to the judgment of Martianus Capella, who ranked him with Pliny the Younger and Fronto as the greatest Roman orators after Cicero.Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions, p. 197 However, none of his speeches have survived from ancient times. According to Tacitus, his father was exiled under Nero and his wealth divided amongst his creditors, but does not name him.
If one farmer was doing far better for himself than the others, someone might say that it was because of him having a nisse on the farm, doing "ungodly" work and stealing from the neighbours. These rumours could be very damaging for the farmer who found himself accused, much like accusations of witchcraft during the Inquisitions.
English monarchs alternated between persecuting Catholics and persecuting Protestants. The French could not agree on a jurisdiction; parlementary and royal inquisitions had both failed. A more balanced history awaited the publication of Philipp van Limborch in 1692. Juan Antonio Llorente later published a more detailed, if exaggerated, history through his access to the archives of the Spanish Inquisition.
This required a Borough inquisition as it affected a Custom (Hadgavol) reserved to the Crown.T. Madox, Firma Burgi: or An Historical Essay Concerning the Cities, Towns and Buroughs of England (William Bowyer for Robert Gosling, London 1726), pp. 255-56 and notes (a) – (c) (Google). The National Archives, Inquisitions ad quod damnum, C 143/67/4.
View original in AALT (Anglo-American Legal Tradition website). Robert de Valoines died in or before 1268 leaving an heir Robert the younger, who married Eva,Sources differ as to whether Eva was Eva Pecche or Eva de Criketot. widow of Nicholas Tregoz of Tolleshunt D'Arcy in Essex.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, II: Edward I (HMSO 1906), pp.
Scholars have argued that Mexican inquisitions showed little concern to eradicate magic or convict individuals for heterodox beliefs. and that witchcraft was treated more as a religious problem capable of being resolved by confession and absolution. Landa, however, perhaps inspired by intolerant fellow Franciscan Cardenal, Cisneros, from the same Toledo convent, was "monomaniacal in his fervor". against it.
John Devereux died on 13 March 1316,Calendar of the Fine Rolls, Edward II, Volume 2, 1307-1319. London: Wyman and Sons. 1912 13 Mar 1316, Leicester, membrane 8 and an inquiry post-mortem was held on 4 April 1316 at Northampton.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, Volume V Edward II. (London: Mackie and Co., 1908).
Gulik and Eubel, pp. 16 and 63. During the minority of Charles V, Adrian was named to serve with Cardinal Francisco Jimenez de Cisneros as co-regent of Spain. After the death of Jimenez, Adrian was appointed (14 March 1518) General of the Reunited Inquisitions of Castile and Aragon, in which capacity he acted until his departure for Rome.
Inquisition of John son of William de Greystoke', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, IV: Edward I (London: HMSO, 1913), pp. 245-46 (Internet Archive). the Barony of Greystok reverted to Ralph FitzWilliam in fulfilment of the arrangements made eight years previously,'Additions to Dugdale's Baronage', p. 314; also Calendarium Genealogicum, II, p.
Barrett, Agrippina: Sex, Power, and Politics in the Early Empire, p. 36 The outcome of the case is unknown, but the absence of his family from history makes it likely that he was either condemned or committed suicide.Seager, Tiberius, p. 173; see also Steven H. Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and Informants from Tiberius to Domitian (London: Routledge, 2001), pp.
"Inquisition", p. 12. They judged heresy along with bishops and groups of "assessors" (clergy serving in a role that was roughly analogous to a jury or legal advisers), using the local authorities to establish a tribunal and to prosecute heretics. After 1200, a Grand Inquisitor headed each Inquisition. Grand Inquisitions persisted until the mid 19th century.
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 7, No. 691 summarises testimonies by 12 individuals at a hearing held on 14 November 1335 as proof of age for Giles de Badlesmere. The evidence given on that occasion includes statements that Giles was born on 18 October 1314 in the manor of Hambleton, Rutland and was christened at the parish church of St Andrew there.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 8, No. 185. Giles' father was executed in April 1322 for having participated in the Earl of Lancaster's rebellion against King Edward II of England. After Bartholomew had joined the rebels, his wife and their children were arrested and sent to the Tower of London because she refused to admit the Queen consort Isabella to Leeds Castle which had been granted to Bartholomew.
Ralph Darras held the manors of Neenton and Sidbury,Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward III, Addendum to Vol. X, no. 355. both south- west of Bridgnorth in Shropshire, part of the Welsh Marches. Although most such families were of Anglo-Norman origin, Darras, originally rendered de Arras, or d'Arras, signifies origins in Arras, historically the chief town of Artois in Flanders.
Arundel was executed in Richard II's purge of 1397. The inquisition into the earl's Shropshire lands listed the numerous small grants of land he had made to his affinity and others whom he needed to cultivate. One of these was a small estate at Gretton, Shropshire, held by Darras and worth 40 shillings annually.Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous (Chancery), 1392–1399, p. 114.
A writ of diem clausit extremum was issued on 19 June.Calendar of Fine Rolls, 1272–1307, p. 3. The inquisitions post mortem were held in the autumn and on 6 February 1439 the escheator of Staffordshire ordered to release Calton to Isabel, and the escheators of Derbyshire and Warwickshire to release the remaining estates.Calendar of Close Rolls, 1435–1441, p. 215-6.
Peter Osborne died on 7 June 1592 and was buried at St Faith under St Paul's, where a memorial inscription was set up. No will is known, but his inquisition post mortem was held at the London Guildhall on 6 April 1597.'Inquisitions, 1597: Peter Osborne, Esq.', in Fry, Abstracts of Inquisitiones Post Mortem For the City of London, Part 3.
165 (Internet Archive). 'Inquisition post mortem of Henry de Haut' (writ dated 12 June 44 Edward III), in A.E. Stamp, J.B.W. Chapman, M.C.B. Dawes and D.B. Wardle, Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem Edward III Volume 13 (London 1954), File 216 pp. 17-31, No. 33, (File 216 (14)) (British History Online, accessed 10 November 2017). The age given in the inquisition is 13.
Calendar of Close Rolls, Edward III, AD 1330–1333 pp. 100-01 (Internet Archive). Robert in turn died without issue in 1329, and the inheritance passed to his brother Simon de Echyngham,'175. Robert de Echyngham', in J.E.E.S. Sharp and A.E. Stamp (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents VII: Edward III: 1327–1336 (HMSO 1909), p. 142 (Internet Archive).
Before the 18th century most mainstream Ottoman Jewish literature was published in Hebrew. The few books that were written in Ladino catered to Marranos who had escaped the Inquisitions in Spain and Portugal and were returning to Judaism. It wasn't until the 1730s that rabbinic literature started being published in Ladino. Through the 19th century Ladino literature flourished in the Ottoman Empire.
In similar light, Elliott P. Currie saw the Inquisitions as one singular, ongoing phenomenon, which drove the witch-hunt to its peak. Currie argued that the methods pioneered by the Inquisition indirectly guided continental Europe to a series of persecutions motivated by profit. Second-wave feminism also saw a surge of historical interpretation of the witch-hunt.Currie, Elliott P.. 1968.
The Hundred Rolls of 1278–79 record it as Cherleton' super Ottemor. Assize rolls from 1285 variously record it as Cherlintone, Cheriltone, Chereltone and Chureltone. An entry in the Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem for 1314 records it as Cherleton upon Ottemour and a Close Roll from 1315 records it as Cherleton on Ottemore. A Close Roll from 1336 records it as Charlynton.
His tenure owed three watches to ward of Dover Castle, and it is recorded that he held from the king in capite by barony elsewhere.'Inquisitions post mortem: XXXV. Hamo de Crevecuer, 3 April & 3 June, 47 Henry III (1263): Extent of the manor of Folkestane, 3 June 1263', Archaeologia Cantiana III (1860), pp. 253-264, 257-64, at p. 260.
Sir Nicholas’ first wife was Margaret, daughter of John de Bereford, a citizen of London, and widow of Sir John de Pulteney, who died on 8 June 1349.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 9, No. 183. Margaret's marriage to Nicholas evidently took place between that date and 1 September 1350.Calendar of Close Rolls, (1349-54), page 249.
Hamo de Crevecoeur died in 1263, survived by their daughters Agnes, Eleanor and Isabella: Iseult (who had married Nicholas de Lenham) died before her father leaving a son John, aged 12 in 1263.'Inquisitions post mortem: XXXV. Hamo de Crevecuer, 3 April & 3 June, 47 Henry III (1263)', Archaeologia Cantiana III (1860), pp. 253-264 (Society's pdf pp. 13-24).
Arthur also became heir to the manors of Wissett and Wissett Roos, Yoxford and Stikland, Brentfen and Middleton, and of Mourelles, though not yet of age to take possession.'200. Thomasine Hopton, widow', in Maskelyne and H. C. Maxwell Lyte (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Series 2, Vol. 2: Henry VII (HMSO, London 1915), pp. 103-32 (British History Online).
On 8 February 1265 William Devereux and John de Baalun were commissioned to inquire as to what appurtenances belonged to the office of gatekeeper for Hereford castle, which had been granted to Philip de Leominster.Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous (Chancery) Preserved in the Public Record Office, Volume I. (London:Hereford Times Limited, 1916). 289 and 291. Writs to the sheriff of Hereford.
When evidence was taken in 1302 to prove the age of his son Gilbert, it was established that Thomas had died on 29 August 1287.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 4, No. 54. A mid-18th century compilation known as the Dublin Annals of Inisfallen states that Thomas was killed in battle against Turlough son of Teige and others.
Postell had been pocketing the money intended, under a grant of Henry I, to support the work of six chaplains in the church,Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, 1392–1399, p. 20, no. 44. and was swindling lay people who deposited money with him, including Roger Leveson, John Salford and John Waterfall.Collections for a History of Staffordshire, Volume 15, p. 82.
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry IV, volume 18, no. 529. Only with the death of William sine prole in the summer of 1402 could it be certain that his aunt Elizabeth, Sir John Cokayne's mother, would inherit. However, matters were still far from straightforward. For example, an inquisition at Tamworth on 10 August found that Elizabeth's stepmother, Mary, was still alive and held a third of the estate at Newton Regis.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry IV, volume 18, no. 529. After the death of Edmund Cokayne in 1403, Elizabeth married John Francis (also rendered Franceys and Fraunceys) of Ingleby, Note anchor 178. apparently in the same year,Cockayne Memoranda, volume 1, p. 18. She and Francis settled the manor of Harthill on Sir John Cockayne at about the time of their marriageCockayne Memoranda, volume 1, p. 17.
William's great-grandson Roger (died 26 Henry III, 1242) had an elder son Roger (from whom the Barons of Mitford descended), and a younger son Pagan, of Upper Felton, Northumberland, whose son William FitzPagan, called de Felton, was governor of Bamburgh Castle in 1315. At much the same time, in 1311, William's son Sir Robert de Felton was governor of Scarborough Castle, and in the next years was summoned to Parliament before he was slain at Stirling in 1314. According to Thomas de Felton's inquisition post mortem, Sir Robert had married Matilda (Maud), kinswoman of John le Strange of Knockin, Shropshire, who bestowed on the marriage and their heirs male the lordship of the manor of Litcham,Inquisitions post mortem upon Sir Thomas de Felton. M.C.B. Dawes, A.C. Wood and D.H. Gifford (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol.
"When the printing press first began to form public opinion ... the most diligent victims of the Inquisition happened to be supporters of the Reformation, and they set about convincing Europe that Spain's intentions ... were now directed against Christian truth and liberty." The Inquisition was characterized by clerical organization and support of the inquisitions in Spain and Italy, their "united" success in suppressing Protestant doctrines, and the fear of The Inquisition being initiated elsewhere. "Propaganda along these lines proved to be strikingly effective in the context of the political conflicts of the time, and there were always refugees from persecution to lend substance to the story." "As a Protestant vision of Christian history took shape in the 16th century, the contemporary inquisitions were identified with the inquisitorial tribunals of the medieval past, and the Protestant Reformers with earlier victims of The Inquisition".
The first records of the name may be preserved in the "Calendar of inquisitions post mortem and other analogous documents preserved in the Public Record Office (1904) "which contains a probate inquiry as to the birthdate of 11 September 1296 and the birthplace of TreguwalAuthor: Great Britain. Public Record Office, Volume: 6. Subject: Probate records; Real property. Publisher: London, Printed for H. M. Stationery Off.
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 7, No. 116 Alphonse was a brother of Robert de Vere, 6th Earl of Oxford. When the 6th Earl's son died without issue in 1329, he obtained licence from the king to entail his estates on his nephew, John. It was in this way that John de Vere, when his uncle died 17 April 1331, became Earl of Oxford.
In 1505 Edward, who married Elizabeth Frognall, was a gentleman of Petham.'Inquisition post mortem of Thomas Frogenall', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and other analogous documents: Henry VII, Vol. II (HMSO London 1915), pp. 590-91, No. 932. In 1496 Sir William was commissioned to participate in taking a muster of Kentish soldiers for the defence of Berwick against attack by the Scots.
Praetextata was a member of the gens Sulpicia. She was the daughter of Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus Peticus,Tacitus, Histories, 4.42; suffect consul in 46Alison E. Cooley, The Cambridge Manual of Latin Epigraphy (Cambridge: University Press, 2012), p. 461 and an unnamed mother. Her brother was Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus Pythicus,Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and Informants from Tiberius to Domitian who was of consular standing.
J. Shelton, The Women of Pliny's Letters, p. 153. Routledge, 2013 After the death of his father, his mother took him with his siblings, to a Senate meeting in 70 early in the reign of Vespasian, seeking vengeance for his father’s death. Regulus and his associates were prosecuted by the Senate.S.H. Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and Informants from Tiberius to Domitian (Google eBook), p. 119.
The murder had taken place in August 1413 at Sir John Cornwall's own manorial court in Kinlet, emphasising the likelihood of his complicity. Before the case against him could proceed further, Cornwall died on the Thursday after the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul, which was 3 July 1414.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry V, volume 20, no. 253: C 138/10, no. 45.
In medieval Europe, homosexuality was considered sodomy and was punishable by death. Persecutions reached their height during the Medieval Inquisitions, when the sects of Cathars and Waldensians were accused of fornication and sodomy, alongside accusations of Satanism. In 1307, accusations of sodomy and homosexuality were major charges leveled during the Trial of the Knights Templar.G. Legman "The Guilt of the Templars" (New York: Basic Books, 1966): 11.
173; see also Steven H. Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and Informants from Tiberius to Domitian (London: Routledge, 2001), pp. 143-44 for discussion. However, a passage from the Seneca the Elder suggests that Varus may have been acquitted from his trial: Seneca writes that Varus had somewhat a successful legal career, despite Lucius Cestius Pius taunting Varus with his father’s defeat in the Teutoburg Forest.Seneca, Controversiae, i.
The mechanism for dealing with heresy developed gradually. Practices and procedures of episcopal inquisitions could vary from one diocese to another, depending on the resources available to individual bishops and their relative interest or disinterest. Convinced that Church teaching contained revealed truth, the first recourse of bishops was that of persuasio. Through discourse, debates, and preaching, they sought to present a better explanation of Church teaching.
In Medieval Europe, attitudes toward homosexuality varied by era and region. Generally, by at least the twelfth century, homosexuality was considered sodomy and was punishable by death. Despite persecution, records of homosexual relationships during the Medieval period did exist. This persecution reached its height during the Medieval Inquisitions, when the sects of Cathars and Waldensians were accused of fornication and sodomy, alongside accusations of satanism.
Sir Walter Devereux of BodenhamAnthony Story. Inquisitions and Assessments Relating to Feudal Aids: 1284-1431, Volume II: Dorset to Huntingdon. (London: Public Record Office, 1900). Pages 378, 384, 394 was a member of a prominent knightly family in Herefordshire during the reigns of Edward I, and Edward II. He gave rise to the Devereux Barons of Whitchurch Maund, Earls of Essex and Viscounts of Hereford.
London: John Murray, Albermarle Street. 1892, Page 2, Parish of Bishopstone Large parts of Bodenham had been in the possession of his family since the Domesday Survey when they were held by a William Devereux. As a retainer of Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford,J.E.E.S. Sharp (Editor). Institute of Historical Research, Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Volume 4: Edward I. (London,1906). 552.
Inquisition of Ralph son of William', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, Vol. VI: Edward II, (HMSO 1910), pp. 22-26 (Internet Archive). Since Ralph's marriage to Marjory de Bolbec did not take place until 1281, it is inferred that there was a first marriage no later than 1275, though the name of the first wife, mother of Ralph's descendants, is not known.
Addressees: King and…[c. 1327] Reference: SC 8/164/8165 Inquiries into the rightful owner of the castle determined this to be Giles de Badlesmere, a minor who was heir of the Bartholomew killed above,Calendar of the Fine Rolls, Edward III, Volume 4, 1327-1337. London: Wyman and Sons. 1913. Page 35 (10 March 1327, membrane 17)Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Volume VII, Edward III.
Borges published his first published collection of poetry, Fervor de Buenos Aires, in 1923 and contributed to the avant-garde review Martín Fierro. Borges co-founded the journals Prisma, a broadsheet distributed largely by pasting copies to walls in Buenos Aires, and Proa. Later in life, Borges regretted some of these early publications, attempting to purchase all known copies to ensure their destruction.Borges: Other Inquisitions 1937–1952.
In the subsidy rolls of 1316 Stephen was listed as holding lands in Bodenham and Burghope in Herefordshire.Anthony Story. Inquisitions and Assessments Relating to Feudal Aids: 1284-1431, Volume II: Dorset to Huntingdon. (London: Public Record Office, 1900). Page 383 As later the Despenser War played out, Devereux was also probably with Humphrey de Bohun when he was killed at the Battle of Boroughbridge on 16 March 1322.
His inquest, for which the writ was issued on 7 September 1499, showed that he died seised of the manors of Wadenhall, Bishopsbourne, Elmsted, Blakmanston, Otterpool, Warehorne and Snave, in fee. His elder son William having died before him, the next son Thomas Haute, then aged 33 and more, was his heir.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and other analogous documents: Henry VII, Vol. II (HMSO, London 1915), p.
While Ronald Syme argues for the honor, Rutledge is less certain that he achieved this office.Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions, p. 194 According to Pliny, Regulus was in fear of his life following the assassination of Domitian. In one of his letters, Pliny describes how the man was intent on achieving a rapprochement with Pliny before Junius Mauricus could return from exile and possibly extract some revenge on Regulus for his relegation.
It thus came into the hands of John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, the Lord Protector to Edward VI, but was attainted of high treason following the accession of Queen Mary.This is based on various documents listed in Calendars of Patent Rolls, Calendars of Inquisitions Post Mortem, and so on. In 1554, the estate was granted by the queen to Edward Hastynges, who quickly sold it to Sir John Lyttelton.
He was the 5th son of John Eveleigh of Holcombe in the parish of Ottery St Mary, a Justice of the Peace for DevonPole, p.148 from 1564, and a feodaryPole, p.148 (an officer of the Court of Wards) for Devon, in which capacity he served on several commissions and patents regarding wardships and inquisitions post mortem, on many of which he was joined by William Peryam.Zmarzly (2007), p.
According to Suetonius, Lucius was the favorite of three emperors, thus winning "public offices and important priesthoods"; these public offices included curator of the public works. He was proconsul of Africa, where Suetonius writes he behaved with exceptional honesty for two years, acting part of the time in place of his brother.Suetonius, "Vitellius", 5 The emperors who favored him are most likely Claudius, Nero, and lastly his brother.Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions, p.
He is recorded as participating in the Meath inquisitions of 1290, the lordship in which he held land. He is also recorded as owning the manor of Dunreeghan in Erris, along with other places in County Mayo and at Athemethan, County Waterford. He was killed at Athelehan (Strade) in 1316, and was described as its lord. He had a wife named Matilda (alive 1320) and a son, Stephen (alive 1302).
He played out of Esmeralda, a municipal course in east Spokane built in the mid-1950s. It was initially funded by ART (land and clubhouse) and was named for the group's mascot, a grinning cartoon mare. Funseth had the smiling horse insignia on his tour bag for several years, which invited frequent inquisitions. Keeping meticulous records of all his earnings, he reimbursed the ART to the last dollar.
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 12, No. 162. There is no definite evidence of any children from Nicholas’ first marriage. However, it is possible that one “Guy de Loveyne” who on 22 April 1365 was included in an indenture that entailed much of the de Pulteney estates and who does not appear to be recorded subsequently may have been a child of that marriage who presumably died young.
Most bishops and Popes were trained lawyers rather than theologians, and Christian thought became little more than an extension of law which neglected thought on equity and universality. Heresy became a religious, political, and social issue. Reactions to it included civil disorder which led to the Medieval Inquisitions. Heresy had previously been an accusation made solely toward Bishops, but by the end of the eleventh century, that changed.
The Jewish communities of the Balkans were boosted in the 15th and 16th centuries by the arrival of Jewish refugees fleeing the Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions. Sultan Bayezid II of the Ottoman Empire welcomed the Jewish refugees into his Empire. Jews became involved in trade between the various provinces in the Ottoman Empire, becoming especially important in the salt trade. In 1663, the Jewish population of Belgrade was 800.
Jewish Wedding in Morocco by Eugène Delacroix, Louvre, Paris Jewish presence in Morocco goes back to Carthage, fared moderately, and often prospered under Muslim rule (e.g., the Marinid dynasty). From Morocco, they filtered into Al-Andalus (Islamic Spain, 711–1492) but began to return during the Spanish Reconquista, which mounted in the 10th Century. The Spanish-Portuguese expulsions and inquisitions sent floods of Jews back to Morocco on a larger scale.
William Dugdale, the 17th- century antiquary, suggested that she had been born in 1441, based on evidence of inquisitions post mortem taken after the death of her father. Dugdale has been followed by a number of Margaret's biographers; however, it is more likely that she was born in 1443, as in May 1443 her father had negotiated with the king concerning the wardship of his unborn child should he die on campaign.Jones & Underwood, 34.
Longer hair proved difficult to animate in the game, leading to her current short hair. It was intended that Cassandra visually display her authority and power. Miranda Raison provides Cassandra's voice in the games, though she does not voice the character in Dawn of the Seeker. Cassandra received a positive reception in Inquisition, with attention being drawn to her layered personality, as well as her place as one of Inquisitions diverse cast of women.
This worked reasonably well, though sometimes those liable refused to co-operate and had goods seized.Becker (1930) p 4 In 1311 for instance the King's bailiff, William Mot, seized a horse and five cows from the tenants of Westerham, however Richard Trewe and Hamon le Brun "rescued" the animals back and Richard "beat the said William".Calender of Inquisitions: Miscellaneous: Chancery Vol II 1307—49, No. 113,p.26. Cited in Becker (1930).
CCA-DCc-ChAnt/B/354, Record at Discovery. He married Joan (perhaps de Akeni), by whom he had a son and heir William, and by 1342 took up the reins of the Echyngham inheritance through the 1340s, dying in August 1349 when William was 16 years old.'601. James de Echyngham, Kt.', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, IX: Edward III, 1347–1352 (HMSO 1916), p. 418 (Internet Archive).
The emperor then offered to spare Papinius' life if he were to denounce his fellow conspirators, which he did; Caligula then had both "Cerialis" and the men he named executed.Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and Informants from Tiberius to Domitian (London: Routledge, 2002), p. 163 It is likely that by "Cerialis" Dio means Papinius, for Anicius Cerialis is very much alive years later. The year before his election as consul the Pisonian conspiracy was uncovered.
In addition to the lands revealed by the inquisitions, John Cornwall inherited small estates close to the Welsh border, including a moiety of Worthen, which had been listed among Edmund Cornwall's holdings and took in an area of the Forest of Caus. Richard II. Although he inherited several estates, John Cornwall was not left with great wealth. His mother took the proceeds of well over a third of the estates while she lived.
There were new funds to pay them through the development of general taxation, gold coins and banking. The inquisitions were a new legal method that allowed the judge to investigate on his own initiative without requiring a victim (other than the state) to press charges. Richard M. Fraher, "IV Lateran's Revolution in Criminal Procedure: the Birth of , the End of Ordeals and Innocent III's Vision of Ecclesiastical Politics", in , ed. Rosalius Josephus Castillo Lara.
The pendulum was rigged from the top of the sound stage thirty-five feet in the air. In an interview, Haller provided details regarding the creation of the pendulum: > I found that such a pendulum actually was used during the Spanish and German > inquisitions. At first we tried to use a rubberized blade, and that's why it > got stuck on Kerr's chest. We then switched to a sharp metalized blade > covered with steel paint.
Abbot William de Boney was twice named, in 1364Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1361—64, p. 537. and 1397,Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1396—99, p. 95. as part of commissions to investigate and reform St Leonard's Hospital, Derby, a notoriously corrupt institution that had royal patronage. Abbots were also commissioned by the king to take the oath of allegiance from abbots of other houses in the order and to take part in inquisitions post mortem.
15.73) was attacked in the Senate by Salienus Clemens, who accused him of being a "parricide and public enemy", though the Senate unanimously appealed to Salienus not to profit "from public misfortunes to satisfy a private animosity".Vasily Rudich, Political Dissidence Under Nero: The Price of Dissimulation (Routledge, 1993) p.117. And Steven Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and Informants from Tiberius to Domitian (Routledge, 2001) p.169. He did not survive this reprieve long.
The links and interaction between black magic and religion are many and varied. Beyond black magic's links to organised Satanism or its historical persecution by Christianity and its inquisitions, there are links between religious and black magic rituals. The Black Mass, for example, is a sacrilegious parody of the Catholic Mass. Likewise, a saining, though primarily a practice of white magic, is a Wiccan ritual analogous to a christening or baptism for an infant.
Decimus Laelius Balbus was a Roman senator and delator or informer, active during the Principate. He was suffect consul in the nundinium of July-August 46 as the colleague of Marcus Junius Silanus.Paul Gallivan, "The Fasti for the Reign of Claudius", Classical Quarterly, 28 (1978), pp. 409, 425 His father has been identified as Decimus Laelius Balbus, consul in 6 BC.Steven Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and informants from Tiberius to Domitian (London: Routledge, 2001), p.
1997 Monument to those burned by Petrus Zwicker in Steyr in 1397. The inquisition was also active under the Habsburgs, particularly between 1311 and 1315 when inquisitions were held in Steyr, Krems, St. Pölten and Vienna. The Inquisitor, Petrus Zwicker, conducted severe persecutions in Steyr, Enns, Hartberg, Sopron and Vienna between 1391 and 1402. In 1397 there were some 80–100 Waldensians burnt in Steyr alone, now remembered in a 1997 monument.
Thomas Hoo objected that he had attempted to purchase the Rape of Hastings (as appointed in the will) for £1,400 but was unable to obtain a sure estate in it, but had himself freely paid the marriage portions of Lord Hoo's three daughters.The National Archives (UK), Early Chancery Proceedings, C 1/44/187. View original at AALT. By inquests held in 1455The National Archives (UK), Inquisitions post mortem: Hoo, Thomas, kt. (1454–1455), C 139/156/11.
"...[T]he lawyer's deep sense of justice and equity, combined with the worthy Dominican's sense of compassion, allowed him to steer clear of the excesses that were found elsewhere in the formative years of the inquisitions into heresy."Smith, Damian J., Crusade, Heresy and Inquisition in the Lands of the Crown of Aragon, Brill, 2010 Raymond approved of conjugal visits for those imprisoned so that the spouse should not be exposed to the risk of possible adultery.
578 (Google). this younger William died in 1326, and, having no male issue, was succeeded by his brother Robert.'725. William de Echyngham', in J.E.E.S. Sharp and A.E. Stamp (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and other Analogous Documents VI: Edward II, 1316–1327 (HMSO 1910), p. 460 (Internet Archive). Robert was with Edmund of Woodstock in Aquitaine in 1324, and was sent to England to warn King Edward of the threatened invasion of the Duchy.
Crispe married firstly Frances Cheyne, the daughter of Sir Thomas Cheyne of the Blackfriars, London and Shurland, Isle of Sheppey, Kent, and his first wife, Frideswide Frowyk (died c. 1528), the daughter of Sir Thomas Frowyk, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas,'Inquisitions: Henry VII', Abstracts of Inquisitiones Post Mortem for the City of London: Part 1 (1896), pp. 5-27 Retrieved 14 August 2013.'Parishes: Shalbourne', A History of the County of Berkshire: Volume 4 (1924), pp.
Even though the Dutch organized their own state-run inquisitions, it was feared that King Philip II would implement a new "Spanish Inquisition" in the Netherlands to eliminate Protestantism. Popular literature, circulating pamphlets, and other images painted the picture of a widespread, awful "Spanish Inquisition." A decree of the Spanish Inquisition signed by the King of Spain in 1568 declared most Dutch lives and property forfeit. The decree was not determined to be a forgery until the 20th century.
A talbot, another symbol of the family, once graced the side-entrance which now marks the boundary between the ground floor of the house and its downstairs toilet. The manor of Wolverton was held by the de Wolverton family until the mid- fourteenth century. Sir John de Wolverton died in 1349 leaving an infant son, Ralph, who died in 1351, and two daughters.Post-Mortem Inquisitions; National / Archives; C 135/112/2 (1351/52) & C 135/121/16 (1353/54).
This stated "that all inquisitions upon the view of persons slain or hereafter to be slain within any of the King's said Palaces or houses or other house or houses aforesaid, shall be by authority of this Act had and taken hereafter for ever by the Coroner for the time being of the household of our Sovereign Lord the King or his heirs without any adjoining or assisting of another Coroner of any Shire within this Realm".
Eleanor was one of three daughters of Thomas St Clere and his wife Margaret Hoo. Thomas had no son, so his daughters were co-heirs to the extensive properties that he held at the time of his death in 1435. Records of the investigations that took place after then are not totally consistent about Eleanor’s age but indicate that she was the second of the daughters and about 11 or 12 years old when her father died.Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous (Chancery), Vol.
Calendar of Fine Rolls, Vol. 21, No. 322 Various accounts, in Burke's Peerage and elsewhere, report the year of Sir John's death as 1486. They appear to be based on a reference in the Visitation of Gloucestershire 1623 to a statement taken from "Howard 17, Herald's College" to the effect that his inquisition post mortem was held on 30 September 26 Edward IV (i.e. 1486). However, 1486 cannot be the correct year because the records of his inquisitions post mortem are dated 1475.
On Katherine's death Nechylls married her, and promised his daughter and sole heir Joan in marriage to Thomas. Offley was still in Nechylls's service when he died in 1530,Inquisitions post mortem: John Nychill, London (1531–32), T.N.A. C 142/52/81. See G.S. Fry (ed.), Abstracts of Inquisitiones Post Mortem for the City of London: Part 1 (British Record Society, London 1896), 'John Nychills', British History Online (accessed 9 September 2016). and married Joan at about the time of her father's death.
Blanche was born on 25 March 1342, according to her father's inquisitions post mortem. She is also said to have been born as late as 1347, but this has been called into question as that would mean she had her first child at only about age 13. She was the younger daughter of Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster and his wife Isabel de Beaumont. She and her elder sister Maud, Countess of Leicester, were born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lindsey.
Jenyns and Kirton were embroiled in John Ernley's attempts to benefit from Dudley's fall. John Kirton was the principal feoffee for Ernley and Dudley when in 1508 Roger Lewknor, son of Richard Lewknor deceased, ceded the manor of Sheffield in Fletching, East Sussex and many Sussex lands to them,Inquisition post mortem of Edward Dudley, F.W.T. Attree, Notes of Post Mortem Inquisitions Taken in Sussex, Sussex Record Society XIV (1912), p. 75, no. 348. in a bargain to escape conviction for murder.
Grand Inquisitor (, literally Inquisitor General or General Inquisitor) was the lead official of the Inquisition. The title usually refers to the chief inquisitor of the Spanish Inquisition, even after the reunification of the inquisitions. Secretaries-general of the Roman Inquisition were often styled as Grand Inquisitor but the role and functions were different. The Portuguese Inquisition was headed by a Grand Inquisitor, or General Inquisitor, named by the Pope but selected by the king, always from within the royal family.
Ralph Fitzwilliam was born probably in 1256, for he is described as being 40 years old and more in 24 Edward I.J.E.E.S. Sharp and J.E. Stamps (eds), '325: Inquisition of Gilbert son of William', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, III: Edward I (HMSO 1912), p. 201 (Internet Archive). He was the son of William FitzRalph, lord of Grimthorpe, Great Givendale, in the soke of Pocklington, in the Yorkshire Wolds.R. Davies, 'Grimthorpe', Yorkshire Archaeological Journal Vol.
Queen Jeanne III of Navarre, a devout Huguenot, commissioned the translation of the New Testament into Basque and Béarnese for the benefit of her subjects. By the time Henry III of Navarre converted to Catholicism in order to become king of France, Protestantism virtually disappeared from the Basque community. Bayonne held a Jewish community composed mainly of Sephardi Jews fleeing from the Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions. There were also important Jewish and Muslim communities in Navarre before the Castilian invasion of 1512–21.
Before 1100, the Catholic Church suppressed what they believed to be heresy, usually through a system of ecclesiastical proscription or imprisonment, but without using torture, and seldom resorting to executions. Such punishments were opposed by a number of clergymen and theologians, although some countries punished heresy with the death penalty. In the 12th century, to counter the spread of Catharism, prosecution of heretics became more frequent. The Church charged councils composed of bishops and archbishops with establishing inquisitions (the Episcopal Inquisition).
Groups of Bnei Anusim in Latin America and Iberia congregate and associate as functional communities of Judaizers. Such practice was particularly persecuted under the Spanish and Portuguese inquisitions, which were finally abolished in the 19th century. Under the Inquisition, the penalty for "Judaizing" by Jewish converts to Christianity (and their Christian-born descendants) was usually death by burning. A few of the members of modern-day organized groups of Sephardic Bnei Anusim who are openly Judaizers have formally converted in order to revert to Judaism.
They were seated both at Mulbarton, and at Britford near Salisbury, Wiltshire (where Alice was born'336. Inquisition to find the ages of Elizabeth and Alice, daughters of Thomas de Sancto Omero, two of the heirs of Nicholas de Malemayns', Calendar of Inquisitions post mortem X: 1352–1361 (HMSO 1921), pp. 289-90 (Hathi Trust).), adjacent to the royal palace at Clarendon. They were most likely the patrons of the "St Omer Psalter", an unfinished but sumptuous work of book- illumination of the 1330s-1340s.
Seisin (or seizin) denotes the legal possession of a feudal fiefdom or fee, that is to say an estate in land. It was used in the form of "the son and heir of X has obtained seisin of his inheritance", and thus is effectively a term concerned with conveyancing in the feudal era. The person holding such estate is said to be "seized of it", a phrase which commonly appears in inquisitions post mortem (i.e. "The jurors find that X died seized of the manor of ...").
137-141, citing PRO De Banco rolls, 17 Easter 5 Henry V (1418), membranes 306-06a. View original at AALT, images fronts, 0620-21, dorses, 1500-01, fronts, 0622 (AALT). Alice died on 11 March 1400,'Inquisition post mortem for Alice, widow [sic] of Nicholas Haut, Knight (Kent)', The National Archives (UK) Discovery Catalogue, ref. C 137/1/8. See J.L. Kirby, Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem: Volume 18, Henry IV (London 1987), pp. 1-20, No. 12 (British History Online, accessed 11 November 2017).
Marcus Aquilius Regulus was a Roman senator, and notorious delator or informer who was active during the reigns of Nero and Domitian. Regulus is one of the best known examples of this occupation, in the words of Steven Rutledge, due to "the vivid portrait we have of his life and career in Pliny, Tacitus, and Martial."Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and informants from Tiberius to Domitian (London: Routledge, 2001), p. 192 Despite this negative reputation, Regulus was considered one of the three finest orators of Roman times.
Fairfax's father, also named Thomas, was presumably a supporter of the House of York in the Wars of the Roses. His original home was near the site of the Battle of Towton. Based on the 1349 marriage between Margaret de Etton and their ancestor, a third Thomas Fairfax of Walton, the elder Thomas Fairfax successfully claimed the ownership of the Gilling Estate during two inquisitions, the first of which was in 1489. The elder Thomas Fairfax married Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Sherburne of Lancashire.
A list of Irgun donors that was found was handed over to the British. Unit squadrons detained Irgun members in hiding places in Kibbutzim (Ein Harod, Mishmar HaEmek and Alonim, among others). Irgun vice commander Ya'akov Meridor was even handed over to the British while Eli Tavin, the head of Irgun intelligence, was held in solitary confinement in a barn at kibbutz Ein Harod for about six months, during which he was subjected to beatings and mock executions. Some testimonies suggested violent inquisitions and severe internment conditions.
On Wolsey's impeachment in 1529, the fate of Sandwell and the other suppressed houses became uncertain, although it seems that their restoration was not on the agenda.Hibbert, p. 25. The properties reverted to the Crown and were not necessarily granted to the successor college, King's, which later became Christ Church, Oxford. Commissions of local landed gentry were set up in the counties affected to carry out inquisitions into the properties: those named in Staffordshire were Sir John Giffard, Sir Edward Aston, Edward Littleton and John Vernon.
132 Formalized under Pope Gregory IX, this Medieval inquisition executed an average of three people per year for heresy at its height.Norman, The Roman Catholic Church an Illustrated History (2007), p. 93 Over time, other inquisitions were launched by the Church or secular rulers to prosecute heretics, to respond to the threat of Moorish invasion or for political purposes. The accused were encouraged to recant their heresy and those who did not could be punished by penance, fines, imprisonment, torture or execution by burning.
Inquisition post mortem of Gilbert son of William', in J.E.E.S. Sharp and A.E. Stamp (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents II: Edward I (HMSO 1912), p. 201 (Internet Archive). Gilbert was holding other tenements from his brother Ralph, then aged 40, who was declared to be Gilbert's nearest heir, and did homage for Gilbert's lands and entered upon them.C. Roberts (ed.), Calendarium Genealogicum: Henry III and Edward I, Rolls Series, 2 vols (Longmans, Green, Reader and Dyer, London 1865), II, p.
His will was proved at Lambeth on 7 July 1409. By inquisitions post mortem he was found to be seized of the manor of Wroot and two parts of the manor of Epworth, both in Lincolnshire, and the manors of Credenhill and Eaton Tregoz near Ross-on-Wye in Herefordshire 'CP40/663: Michaelmas term 1426', Court of common pleas: The National Archives, CP40: 1399–1500 (2010) Retrieved 14 October 2013]. and Bramsbergh in Gloucestershire. His heirs were his two daughters by his first marriage.
Sir Richard died before the suit came to court: Edmund possibly prevailed, as someone of his name was also incumbent at Wistanstow later in the decade.R. W. Eyton. Antiquities of Shropshire, volume 11, p. 284. Ludlow's inquisition post mortem at Shrewsbury in January 1391 showed that, despite his great wealth, technically he held no land at all in the county, as the king, Richard II, had licensed him to vest everything in Burley and other feoffees,Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, volume 16, no. 1010.
Memorial plate at Moeller’s former house in Dresden-Mockritz. Edmund Moeller (8 August 1885 in Neustadt, Bavaria – 19 January 1958 in Dresden, Saxony), German sculptor of the first half of the twentieth century, he studied in Dresden and Düsseldorf, was award-winning art from its beginnings, it is one of those rare artists whose original work was able to win the praise of success. In few works, as in the vast work of Moeller, so diaphanous is the process of artistic evolution, the inquisitions, the hesitations, the affectations, the profound influences.
William Gage was the elder son of Sir John Gage and his wife Eleanor St Clere. Three sources give slightly inconsistent indications about when William was born. His age was stated to be 25 years in evidence given about Easter 1473 in connection with a legal dispute relating to the manor of Lullingstone Castle, indicating that he was born in 1447 or 1448. An inquisition post mortem held in November 1486 following the death of Thomas Hoo stated that William was "aged 40 or more",Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 2nd series, Vol.
However, after the death of Fulk in 1382, much worse followed. Some of the provisions were revealed as mutually-contradictory. Fulk's daughter and sole heiress, also Elizabeth, contested effective ownership of property that had been assigned for life, under a fine of 1363,Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Richard II, Volume 15, File 25, no. 742. to Joan and her first husband, Sir Robert Harley of Willey,Feet of Fines for Shropshire, CP 25/1/195/16, number 42, Abstract at Medieval Genealogy and Photograph of original document at Anglo-American Legal Tradition.
Inquisitions post mortem that were held in 1475 after Sir John’s death established the contemporary extent of his landholdings.The National Archives: C140/52/26. Orders that were issued on 28 November 1475 to the escheators for Buckinghamshire, Surrey and Sussex stated that William Gage was the son and heir of Eleanor, whom they described as the late wife of John Gage and one of the daughters and heirs of Thomas St Clere. This source confirms that Eleanor had died before her husband but the date of her death is not recorded.
An Experiment with Time became well known and was widely discussed. Not to have read him became a "mark of singularity" in society. Critical essays on Serialism, both positive and negative, appeared in popular works: H. G. Wells included "New Light on mental Life" in his collection of articles Way The World is Going, J. B. Priestley gave an accessible account in his study Man and Time and Jorge Luis Borges wrote a short essay, "Time and J. W. Dunne", which was later included in his anthology Other Inquisitions.
William Devereux's father died while in rebellion at the Battle of Evesham on 4 August 1265, and his inheritance was forfeited to the crown.Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous (Chancery) Preserved in the Public Record Office, Volume I. (London:Hereford Times Limited, 1916). Entries 675, 680, and 826 Benefitting from the support of her brothers William's stepmother, Maud de Giffard, was able to secure her dower. On 12 October 1265 Henry III instructed the Treasurer of Hereford (Cathedral) to return to her a jeweled harness William's father had entrusted to him prior to the battle.
It was recovered by Robert Wikeford, Lord Chancellor of Ireland, and it later passed into the possession of the Archbold family. Around 1402 there was another attempt by the O'Byrnes to take over, but Donnacha O'Byrne was defeated by the Archbolds. Kindlestown Castle flourished during this time and we know from the Inquisitions of James I that in 1621 it was surrounded by of land and had a water mill. The Archbolds fell into debt and Edward Archbold sold Kindlestown to William Brabazon, 1st Earl of Meath in 1630.
268x268pxThe Manor of Shelfield has a more obscure history than most. Although, few records survive that explicitly document the descent of the manor and the lordship of Shelfield, it is clear that it initially devolved from the chief manor of Alston sometime around 2 July 1314 when William le Walsse is first recorded as holding a plot called "Shelfhull." It's these Inquisitions which record that "Shelfhull" (i.e. Shelfield) comprised a sixth of a knight's fee, held by William le Walsse (alius le Walsh) in 1314 and 1325, and again by a William Walsh in 1376.
Historians agree that the Jewish population of Cape Verde has its roots in the upheavals of the Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions with the persecutions of Spanish and Portuguese Jews who were often forced to either submit to apostasy or had to flee from their homelands, or both. A second influx of Jews arrived in Cape Verde in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries from Morocco and Gibraltar. During the early colonial era, Portuguese Cape Verde had a population of so- called lançados (meaning "thrown-out ones") consisting of exiled Crypto-Jews and New Christians.
Born 9 August 1298, Robert Ufford was the second but eldest surviving son of Robert Ufford, 1st Baron Ufford (1279–1316), lord of the manor of Ufford, Suffolk, who was summoned to Parliament by writ of the king dated 13 January 1308,Fisher, George, Companion and Key to the History of England, Lonndon, 1832, p.674 by which he is deemed to have become a baron. His mother was Cecily de Valoignes (died 1325), daughter and co-heiress of Sir Robert de Valoignes (died 1281Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, II (HMSO 1906), p. 247 no.
Bernard de Caux was born in the Diocese of Béziers but the date is not known and became a Dominican friar who was appointed as an inquisitor. Bernard Gui, an early 14th-century French inquisitor, described de Caux thus: . (Brother Bernard de Caucoi, inquisitor and persecutor and the hammer of heretics, a holy man filled with God.) De Caux was known as the inquisitor of the dioceses of Agen and Cahors, of Carcassonne, and finally Toulouse. His inquisitions were made in conjunction with another Dominican friar, Jean de Saint-Pierre.
Koba the Dread; London: Vintage Books; ; pp. 30–31. Sam Harris criticizes Western religion's reliance on divine authority as lending itself to authoritarianism and dogmatism. There is a correlation between religious fundamentalism and extrinsic religion (when religion is held because it serves ulterior interests) and authoritarianism, dogmatism, and prejudice.See for example: Also see: These arguments—combined with historical events that are argued to demonstrate the dangers of religion, such as the Crusades, inquisitions, witch trials, and terrorist attacks—have been used in response to claims of beneficial effects of belief in religion.
Ever since the 13th century there has been a recorded Jewish community of both Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews in the city of Belgrade. The first Jews to settle in the city originally arrived from Italy and the city of Dubrovnik, and later on from Hungary and Spain. The Jewish communities of the Balkans saw significant influx in the 15th and 16th centuries by the arrival of Jewish refugees fleeing the Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions. Sultan Bayezid II of the Ottoman Empire welcomed the Jewish refugees into his Empire.
Lord Ufford (1279–1316) succeeded his distinguished father, a notable Justiciar of Ireland,T.F. Tout, 'Ufford, Robert de', Dictionary of National Biography (1885–1900), Vol. 58. who died in 1298 seised of the manors of Bawdsey and Ufford, the town of Orford with Orford Castle, the soke of Wykes in Ipswich, the township of Wickham Market, the rents of Ufford, Dallinghoo, Rendlesham and Woodbridge, the advowsons of Wickham Market and Ufford with its chapel of Sogenho, and lands in Melton.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, III: Edward I (HMSO 1912), p.
Gaius Paccius Africanus was a Roman senator and delator or informer, who was active during the reigns of Nero and Vespasian. He was suffect consul from July to August 66 as the colleague of Marcus Annius Afrinus. = Giuseppe Camodeco, Bolletino del Centro internazionale per lo studio dei papyri ercolanesi, 23 (1993), pp. 109-119) Steven Rutledge, in his study on delatores of this period, suggests Africanus was born in the middle of Tiberius' reign, "probably no earlier than 27".Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and informants from Tiberius to Domitian (London: Routledge, 2001), p.
William was buried at London Blackfriars. The Inquisition post mortem of William Buck the elder (died 1501-02), taken in 1532, shows that Margaret Buck his widow – Dame Margaret Jenyns – died on 16 March 1522. Margaret having received the profits from Buck's properties in Aldermanbury and Ludgate until her death, Sir Stephen Jenyns took them in 1522 and 1523, when they reverted to the eldest son, John Buck.Fry, Abstracts of Inquisitions, pp. 47-48. On 28 February 1522 Jenyns had passed deeds for property in Aldermanbury to Thomas Buck.
Ad abolendam ("On abolition" or "Towards abolishing" from the first line, Ad abolendam diversam haeresium pravitatem, or ‘To abolish diverse malignant heresies’) was a decretal and bull of Pope Lucius III, written at Verona and issued 4 November 1184. It was issued after the Council of Verona settled some jurisdictional differences between the Papacy and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor. The document prescribes measures to uproot heresy and sparked the efforts which culminated in the Albigensian Crusade and the Inquisitions. Its chief aim was the complete abolition of Christian heresy.
Pope Gregory IX The Medieval Inquisition was a series of Inquisitions (Catholic Church bodies charged with suppressing heresy) from around 1184, including the Episcopal Inquisition (1184–1230s) and later the Papal Inquisition (1230s). The Medieval Inquisition was established in response to movements considered apostate or heretical to Christianity, in particular Catharism and Waldensians in Southern France and Northern Italy. These were the first inquisition movements of many that would follow. The Cathars were first noted in the 1140s in Southern France, and the Waldensians around 1170 in Northern Italy.
Before this point, individual heretics such as Peter of Bruis had often challenged the Church. However, the Cathars were the first mass organization in the second millennium that posed a serious threat to the authority of the Church. This article covers only these early inquisitions, not the Roman Inquisition of the 16th century onwards, or the somewhat different phenomenon of the Spanish Inquisition of the late 15th century, which was under the control of the Spanish monarchy using local clergy. The Portuguese Inquisition of the 16th century and various colonial branches followed the same pattern.
428 In 1632 the mesne tenure had changed and Ellis Crompton after two post mortem inquisitions about John Crompton (his father), held Darcy Lever directly. By 1665, the Bradshaws had taken a considerable parcel of land for their estate. It is not sure how John Bradshaw (died 1662 ) and his wife, the daughter of Robert Lever, (who had purchased some land from Chisnall) came about the land but it can be assumed that Levers daughter had inherited them and thus they passed to her husband John Bradshaw.Dugdale, Visit. (Chet.
The location of Serbia (dark and light green) in Europe The history of the Jews in Serbia is some two thousand years old, and predates the arrival of the Serbs. The Jews first arrived in the region during Roman times. The Jewish communities of the Balkans remained small until the late 15th century, when Jews fleeing the Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions found refuge in the Ottoman-ruled areas, including Serbia. The community flourished and reached a peak of 33,000 before World War II (of which almost 90% were living in Belgrade and Vojvodina).
', in Maskelyne and H.C. Maxwell Lyte, Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Series 2, Volume 1: Henry VII (London, 1898), pp. 246-266. British History Online 246-66 (British History Online). Thereupon George's second son, Arthur Hopton, an infant, became his father's heir in the manors of Westleton, Westhall, Thorington and Easton Bavents, and his brother's heir in the manor of Blythburgh, 'otherwise called West Woode', with its members and hamlets, in 1490, which was at first the headmanor.Calendar of the Patent Rolls, Henry VII, I: 1485-1494 (HMSO 1914), p.
Langton edited for the Chetham Society three volumes of Chetham Miscellanies 1851, 1856, 1862; Lancashire Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1875; and Thomas Benolt's The Visitation of Lancashire and a Part of Cheshire of 1533, 2 vols. 1876–82. To the Manchester Statistical Society Langton contributed in 1857 a paper on the Balance of Account between the Mercantile Public and the Bank of England, and in 1867 a presidential address. Among financial papers he wrote On Banks and Bank Shareholders, 1879, and a letter on savings banks, 1880, addressed to the Chancellor of the Exchequer.
Ancient Petitions, file 43, no 2102, January 1330/1 He claimed that his grandparents, Baron William Devereux and his wife Lucy, had granted the manor in remainder to his father, John Devereux, and the heirs of his body. He cited that Lyonshall had been alienated following a grant for term of life disinheriting him, and now resided in the king's hand following the death of William Touchet. His petition was denied, and the manor granted to Giles de Badlesmere as Bartholomew's heir.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Volume VII, Edward III.
The first Jews arrived to Bosnia and Herzegovina in period from 1492 to 1497 from Spain and Portugal. As tens of thousands of Jews fled the Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions, Sultan Bayezid II of the Ottoman Empire welcomed Jews who were able to reach his territories. Sephardi Jews fleeing Spain and Portugal were welcomed inand found their way toBosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Thrace and other areas of Europe under Ottoman control. Jews from the Ottoman Empire began arriving in numbers in the 16th century, settling mainly in Sarajevo.
Morton Keller and Phyllis Keller, Making Harvard Modern: The Rise of America's University (2001) p. 48-51 Policies of exclusion were not limited to religious minorities. In 1920, "Harvard University maliciously persecuted and harassed" those it believed to be gay via a "Secret Court" led by President Lowell. Summoned at the behest of a wealthy alumnus, the inquisitions and expulsions carried out by this tribunal, in conjunction with the "vindictive tenacity of the university in ensuring that the stigmatization of the expelled students would persist throughout their productive lives" led to two suicides.
Thus, after 1391, a new social group appeared and were referred to as conversos or New Christians. King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile established the Spanish Inquisition in 1478. In contrast to the previous inquisitions, it operated completely under royal Christian authority, though staffed by clergy and orders, and independently of the Holy See. It operated in Spain and in all Spanish colonies and territories, which included the Canary Islands, the Kingdom of Naples, and all Spanish possessions in North, Central, and South America.
The right may include the provision that adverse inferences cannot be made by the judge or jury regarding the refusal by a defendant to answer questions before or during a trial, hearing or any other legal proceeding. This right constitutes only a small part of the defendant's rights as a whole. The origin of the right to silence is attributed to Sir Edward Coke's challenge to the ecclesiastical courts and their ex officio oath. In the late 17th century it became established in the law of England as a reaction of the people to the excesses of the royal inquisitions in these courts.
The old church of Boyounagh is all destroyed with exception of a fragment of the north wall. The building was wide but its length cannot be ascertained. The natives relate there was a monastery; traces of a foundation of an abbey called An Mainistir are pointed out a short distance to the east of the old graveyard. The site of the old church is almost in the centre of the pre-Norman Ballybetagh, old town land of Boyounagh. In the 16th/17th century inquisitions it was returned to grand juries as "Ye Fower quarters" of Boyounagh belonging to the Protestant Archbishop of Tuam.
Inquisition condemned (Francisco de Goya). Once the jail penalties were served, a great part of those who persisted in the Jewish faith, whose clandestine practices were noticed, harassed by inquisitorial vigilance and vexed by a society they considered responsible for the economic crisis provoked by the confiscations, decided to gradually flee the island in small groups. In the middle of this process, an anecdoctal event precipitated a new wave of inquisitions. Rafel Cortès, (also known as Cap loco or Crazy head), had remarried, this time with a woman with a converso surname, Miró, but who was Catholic.
Warfare ended when Charles V relented in the Peace of Passau (1552) and in the Peace of Augsburg (1555), which formalized the law that the rulers of a land decide its religion. Of the late Inquisitions in the modern era, there were two different manifestations: # the Portuguese Inquisition (1536–1821) # the Roman Inquisition (1542 – c.1860) This Portuguese inquisition was a local analogue of the more famous Spanish Inquisition. The Roman Inquisition covered most of the Italian peninsula as well as Malta and also existed in isolated pockets of papal jurisdiction in other parts of Europe, including Avignon.
The first significant group of Jews to arrive in New York after Jacob Barsimson was a group of 23 Jewish immigrants in September 1654 fleeing from the Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions. Following the mass expulsion of Jews from Spain in 1492 and the forced conversions of some 100,000 Jews in Portugal, many had fled to different regions of Europe and the New World. Dutch Brazil proved to be a haven for many and a colony in Recife grew to be a prosperous Jewish Community. In the 1650s Portugal retook control of Dutch Brazil, and the Inquisition soon followed.
John de Vere was the only son of Alphonse de Vere, and Jane, daughter of Sir Richard Foliot. Alphonse was a younger son of Robert de Vere, 5th Earl of Oxford and apparently died shortly before 20 December 1328, when a writ was issued for inquisitions post mortem into the land that he held direct from the King. These hearings established that Alphonse's next heir was his son John, then aged 15 years and more. The manors concerned were Aston Sandford, Buckinghamshire, Westwick by St Albans and Great Hormead, Hertfordshire, as well as property at Beaumont and Althorne in Essex.
He was Gentleman of the Bedchamber and Keeper of the Privy Purse to Prince Charles 1611–16, and promoted to Groom of the Stool in 1616, when Charles became Prince of Wales, a position he retained until his death when Charles became king. In 1625, he was elected to Parliament for St Mawes constituency. During the Parliament, he worked on a bill to permit coal mining in Macclesfield, and worked on a religious address and a bill to prevent secret inquisitions. He was ordered to present Parliament's protestations to King Charles setting out their position against further financial 'supply'.
Haruaki is somewhat aware of all the girls' feelings towards him, but never acts upon taking steps towards a serious relationship with any of them. ; : :The female protagonist, she's actually a Cursed Tool, whose full name is Fear-In-Cube, a torture device that resembles a solid metal cube. Fear-In-Cube has 32 torture capabilities which include an Iron maiden, and a Guillotine among other things. Fear was developed during the height of the Inquisitions, and has caused countless people's agonizing deaths to the point where she risks going homicidally insane upon hearing someone scream in pain.
Varro's consulate was later known for several pieces of important legislation, which included the lex Visella de jure Quiritium Latinorum qui inter vigiles militaverant, and the Lex Visella poenis libertinorum qua ingenuorum honores usupabant.Steven Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and informants from Tiberius to Domitian (London: Routledge, 2001), p. 284 Also during the year of his consulate, Varro prosecuted Gaius Silius consul in 13. The charges were that, concerning his suppression of a revolt in Gaul of a faction of Treveri and Aeduan three years before, Silius had been complicit in that revolt and misappropriated money from the provincial government in Gaul.
Hove, Brian S.J., "The Inquisitions of History: The Mythology and the Reality", Ignatian Insight, January 2012 Rawlings identifies four distinct phases, as over time the Inquisition in Spain adapted to changing conditions. From 1480 to 1525 there was an intense persecution of conversos suspected of continuing to practice Judaism. From 1525 to 1630 there was an increased concern of possible Protestant influence on "Old Christians". A less active period from 1630 to 1725 periodically looked to Portuguese "New Christians" operating in Spanish commercial sectors; and from 1725 to 1824 traditionalists and liberals argued the future of the institution.
By the 17th century, "The Inquisition" provided political and philosophical thinkers with an ideal symbol of religious intolerance. These philosophers and politicians passionately denounced "The Inquisition," citing it as the cause for all the political and economic failures in countries where "Inquisitions" were held. From these debates on toleration, "The Inquisition" was presented by French philosophes as the worst of any religious evil to ever come out of Europe.Additionally, writers, artists, and sculptors of the 17th and 18th centuries used "The Inquisition" as one of their main inspirations, retaliating against "The Inquisition's" suppression of creativity, literature, and art.
Hugh de Balun was a property-owner in the area in the 12th century - he belonged to the same family as Hamelin de Balun. Known as Balostret in the 1371 Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, Balaam Street is one of the oldest roads in Plaistow and is probably named after de Balun, though some argue its namesake is in fact a Walter Balame. In 1353 Sir Richard de Playz gave the manor of Plaistow to the abbot of Stratford- Langthorne. When this abbey was dissolved the manor was appropriated by the Crown, and granted to Sir Roger Cholmeley in 1553.
" White House Press Secretary Tony Snow said of the action, > For our view, this is pathetic. What you have right now is partisanship on > Capitol Hill that quite often boils down to insults, insinuations, > inquisitions and investigations rather than pursuing the normal business of > trying to pass major pieces of legislation ... now we have a situation where > there is an attempt to do something that's never been done in American > history, which is to assail the concept of executive privilege, which hails > back to the administration of George Washington". The White House. Retrieved > July 25, 2007.
The church was originally dedicated to St Mary and this was still the dedication at the Domesday survey:Domesday text, Phillimore reference: STS 7,13 It was switched to St Peter, probably in the mid-12th century: an escheator's inquisition in 1393 recalled that it was still St Mary's when Henry I (1100–35) granted a small estate to set up a chantry for himself and his parents.Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, 1392–1399, p. 20, no. 44. It seems likely that the College always consisted of secular clergy —priests who did not belong to a religious order, rather than monks.
Carter frequently cited his own writings in his non-fiction and almost always included at least one of his own pieces in each of the anthologies he edited. The most extreme instance of his penchant for self-promotion is in the sixth novel in his Callisto sequence, Lankar of Callisto, which features Carter himself as the protagonist. Carter was not reluctant to attack organized religion in his books, notably in his unfinished epic World's End, in "Amalric the Man-God" (also unfinished), and in The Wizard of Zao. He portrayed religions as cruel and repressive, and had his heroes escape from their inquisitions.
J. E. E. S. Sharp (editor). Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Volume 2: Edward I. (London: Institute of Historical Research, 1906). Pages 486-498 Walter Devereux the Younger came before the Justices on 6 January 1293 to demonstrate his right (Quo Warranto) to hold Bromwich. The first matter had a jury upholding the younger Walter Devereux ‘s rights to common pasture in West Bromwich by inheritance from his mother, Sarah (de Offini) Devereux, who had inherited this from her grandfather, Richard de Offini. Walter Devereux the Younger’s aunt, Margaret (de Offini) de Marnham’s rights were also upheld on the same grounds.
The Albigensian crusade may be an example. It is seen by many as evidence of Christianity's propensity for intolerance and persecution, while other scholars say it was conducted by the secular powers for their own ends while the church supplied only its respectable veneer and very little real input. The Late Middle Ages are marked by a decline of Papal power and church influence with accommodation to secular power becoming more and more of an aspect of Christian thought. The modern Inquisitions were formed in the Late Middle Ages at the special request of the Spanish and Portuguese sovereigns.
Much of the papal reform of the eleventh century was not moral or theological reform so much as it was an attempt to impose this kind of Roman authority over the vast variety of local legal traditions that had existed up through the early Middle Ages. However, no pope ever succeeded in establishing complete control of the inquisitions. The institution reached its apex in the second half of the thirteenth century. During this period, the tribunals were almost entirely free from any higher authority, including that of the pope, and it became almost impossible to prevent abuse.
Haruaki is somewhat aware of all the girls' feelings towards him, but never acts upon taking steps towards a serious relationship with any of them. ; : :The female protagonist, she's actually a Cursed Tool, whose full name is Fear-In-Cube, a torture device that resembles a solid metal cube. Fear-In-Cube has 32 torture capabilities which include an Iron maiden, and a Guillotine among other things. Fear was developed during the height of the Inquisitions, and has caused countless people's agonizing deaths to the point where she risks going homicidally insane upon hearing someone scream in pain.
Following the death of John de Greystok,J.E.E.S. Sharp and A.E. Stamp (eds), '375. Inquisition of John son of William de Greystoke', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, IV: Edward I (HMSO 1913), pp. 245-46 (Internet Archive). it was in 1306 that the Barony of Greystok reverted to Ralph FitzWilliam in fulfilment of the arrangements made eight years previously,'Additions to Dugdale's Baronage', p. 314; also Calendarium Genealogicum, II, p. 713 (Hathi Trust) and Ralph entered upon these lands in November 1306.Calendar of Close Rolls, Edward I, V: AD 1302–1307 (HMSO 1908), p.
Giovanni Battista Bugatti, executioner of the Papal States between 1796 and 1861, carried out 516 executions. This is a list of people executed in the Papal States under the government of the Popes or during the 1810–1819 decade of French rule. Although capital punishment in Vatican City was legal from 1929 to 1969, no executions took place in that time. This list does not include people executed by other authorities of the Roman Catholic Church or those executed by Inquisitions other than the Roman Inquisition, or those killed in wars involving the Papal States, or those killed extrajudicially.
Beaumont was born in 1361Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1st series, Vol. 12, No. 321, page 291 records that on 3 August 1369 the jurors at an inquisition held at Whitwick, Leicestershire, into his father's estates testified that John, the son and heir, was aged 8 years in the previous March. in the Duchy of Brabant, the only son of Henry Beaumont, 3rd Baron Beaumont (1340–1369), by his wife Margaret, daughter of John de Vere, 7th Earl of Oxford, by his wife Maud de Badlesmere. His paternal grandparents were John Beaumont, 2nd Baron Beaumont (aft.
The Sephardic Anusim ("forced [converts]") were the Jewish conversos to Catholicism and their second and third, fourth, and up to fifth generation converso descendants (the maximum acceptable generational distance depended on the particular Jewish responsa being followed by the receiving Jewish community). The Sephardic Bnei Anusim ("[later] children [of the] coerced [converts]"), on the other hand, were any subsequent generations of descendants of the Sephardic Anusim. These descendants, the Sephardic Bnei Ansuim, have remained hidden in Iberia and Ibero-America. They were subject to the Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions in the Iberian Peninsula and its Inquisition franchises exported to the New World, and would have been persecuted as Jews.
The Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions in the Iberian Peninsula, their persecution of New Christians of Jewish origin, and the virulent racial anti-Semitism are well known. The traditional Jewish holiday of Purim was celebrated disguised as the feast day of a fictional Christian saint, the "Festival of Santa Esterica". The branches of the Spanish Inquisition in the Americas, however, were originally established as a result of the complaints made by Spanish conquerors and settlers of Old Christian backgrounds to the Crown. They had noticed a significant illegal influx of New Christians of Sephardi origin into their colonies, many coming in via the Portuguese colony of Brazil.
The manor was the focus of early attempts by Darras to enlarge his holdings. There has been a small church on the site since about 1100. It was enlarged from the early 15th century, with modifications including the present nave.Page and Willis-Bund: Ribbesford with the Borough of Bewdley – ChurchesChurch of St Leonard at Historic England. The inquisition following his father's death, taken at Bridgnorth on 19 March 1362, shows that the main estates Darras inherited from his father were the manors of Sidbury and Neenton, which were held of Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward III, Volume 11, File 168, no. 270.
Slumach entered written history in September 1890, when he shot a “half-breed” known as Louis Bee or Louie Bee at what is now known as Addington Point on the west shore of Pitt River, opposite Sturgeon Creek.BC Attorney General Inquisitions and Inquests 50/90 September 9, 1890, Louie Bee Shot by Slumach Bee and his wife Kitty may be the persons recorded in the 1881 Canada census as “Lewey, indigenous, 27 years and Kitty, indigenous, 40 years, at Cowichan.” There is no other information about Bee. Bee was shot from the shore as he was sitting in a canoe with “Seymour”,of Harrison as the records show a fellow fisherman.
Inquisitions post mortem (or "escheats") were recorded on two duplicate sheets of parchment. The original return was held in the records of the chancery, to which department the escheator had made his original return, the other by the treasury, which had caused a copy to be made for fiscal purposes, in order to verify the escheator's accountsNational Archives, op.cit., para 5 which were presented to the treasury periodically. Unlike some other series of records, they were not historically sewn together as rolls, but in modern times the parchment sheets have been bound in files with covers, and are today held at the National Archives in Kew.
Inquisitions post mortem form a valuable source for historians and genealogists, as they not only detail the familial relationships of many of the English nobility and gentry, but also provide information on the history of individual manors, including their size and forms of tenure by which they were held.Lyon Constitutional and Legal History p. 478 They thus constitute "one of the most important sources for the social and economic history of mediaeval England".Winchester University, stated in several passages They also provide summaries and terms of settlements made during the lifetime of the deceased, for example settlement to feoffees, the original copy of which has rarely survived.
Inquisitions post mortem that were held after Sir John's death, which took place on 3 September 1475, established the contemporary extent of his landholdings.The National Archives: C140/52/26. On 28 November 1475, orders were issued to the escheators for Buckinghamshire, Surrey and Sussex stating that William Gage was the son and heir of Eleanor (late the wife of John Gage and one of the daughters and heirs of Thomas St Clere) and that William was now to have full seisin of those lands. The orders confirmed that Sir John had survived his wife and after her death held her lands for his own lifetime by courtesy of England.
Arms of Gilbert de Aton, as displayed in Boroughbridge Roll (attributed to tournament during siege of Berwick in 1319) Gilbert was the son and heir of William de Aton of Ayton and Isabel, daughter of Simon de Vere of Goxhill and Sproatley and Ada de Bertram.Burke, B., p. 15. During inquisitions during 1315, it was found that Gilbert de Aton, was heir to Baron Vescy, William de Vescy through descent from Margery de Knapton, daughter and heir of Warin de Vescy of Knapton. He then established in 1316 and 1317 his claim as heir to the lands of Baron Vesci, William de Vescy of Kildare.
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, Volume V Edward II. (London: Mackie and Co. 1908). Page 229, John de ActonThis may have been part of the resolution of the complaint in 1295 by William Devereux against John de Acton for taking his stock from Lyonshall while Devereux was in Gascony. During Easter 1287 Maud Devereux, William Devereux's stepmother, was summoned to demonstrate her right to a warrant for the manor of Oxenhall in the king's court. She demonstrated that she held it by right of dower from the heirs of William Devereux the Elder, and they had been granted perpetual free warrant in these lands.
However, Wentwoth ensured a Protestant majority was returned, and from there clearing the ground for the confiscations to take place. By June 1635 preparations were in earnest, and inquisitions were to be held in Boyle, Mayo, Sligo and Portumna for juries to find the King's Title to the lands concerned and thus give a legal fiction to the proceedings. However the jury of Galway found against the King, leading them to be imprisoned and Darcy to be fined 1,000 pounds. To combat this, Darcy, Martyn and Sir Roger O'Shaughnessy travelled to London to present a petition on behalf of the Connacht landowners at court.
Grave of a Jewish girl at the Jewish Cemetery of Havana Cuban Jewish history possibly begins in 1492 with the arrival of the second expedition of Christopher Columbus to the Americas. Columbus was accompanied on that voyage by interpreter Luis de Torres, who may have been a Jewish converso. Some Jews fleeing Portuguese-ruled Brazil in the 17th century settled in Cuba and despite inquisitions and persecutions, Jewish merchants based in Cuba engaged in flourishing international trade in the 17th and 18th centuries. However, the contemporary Jewish community does not represent a line of continuity with Jews who settled in Cuba in the 17th and 18th centuries.
The Roman Inquisition also developed a strong tradition of leniency in sentencing supposed witches and insisted on adherence to strict procedural rules in the conduct of witch trials. Its own guidelines on witch trials were drafted in the early 1620s, influenced by Salazar's Instructions, and were circulated widely in manuscript until 1655 when they were published. They established strict rules for examining accused witches, called for restraint in the administration of torture and recommended care in the evaluation of witches’ confessions.(Levack 1999 16) Both the Spanish and Italian Inquisitions were among the earliest to reject the reality of the myth of the witches’ gathering.
Inquisitions were ecclesiastical investigations conducted either directly by the Catholic Church or by secular authorities with the support of the Church. These investigations were undertaken at varying times in varying regions under the authority of the local bishop and his designates or under the sponsorship of papal-appointed legates. The purpose of each inquisition was specific to the outstanding circumstances of the region in which it was held. Investigations usually involved a legal process, the goal of which was to obtain a confession and reconciliation with the Church from those who were accused of heresy or of participating in activities contrary to Church Canon law.
If torture was used, the accused was required to repeat their repentance without torture. The Inquisition also had a rule that they were allowed to use torture only once, however, they were able to 'suspend' sessions and resume them the following day, but never led into a third day.NNDB – Torquemada As in the French inquisitions, the purpose of Spanish inquisitorial torture was to gain information or confession, not to punish. It was used in a relatively small percentage of trials since of course the threat of torture if no confession was given was often enough to induce one, and torture was usually a last resort.
Chapter XII of Magna Carta dealt with aids, limiting the ones that the king could collect to the three customary ones unless the barons agreed to the imposition of non-customary ones. Chapter XV then regulated the aids that the barons themselves could impose on their vassals, and stipulated that the king could not grant a license allowing a baron to impose a non-customary aid on his vassals.Lyon Constitutional and Legal History p. 317 Many examples of English Feudal Aids were published in Inquisitions and Assessments Relating to Feudal Aids, with Other Analogous Documents Preserved in the Public Record Office, A.D. 1284-1431, 6 vols. (1899–1920).
However, only Joyce and Margaret are named as co-heirs to their brother, Thomas, in the inquisition post mortem taken after his death,Private e-mail from Douglas Richardson, 15 November 2012; see Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 1898, p. 820. and it seems clear that Margaret was Joyce Culpeper's only sister by her mother's marriage to Sir Richard Culpeper. Margaret married firstly, Richard Welbeck, esquire, by whom she had a son, John Welbeck.John Welbeck's daughter, Joyce Welbeck, was the mother of George Carleton (1529–1590), husband of Mistress Crane, in whose house at East Molesey the first of the Marprelate tracts was printed in October 1588; .
Kevin Nickelson from Classic Horror.com gave the film a positive review, writing "The Brainiac deserves some credit for having a good idea to begin with. Using gothic horror as a platform to tell a story of fanaticism and frigid sexual mores is an intriguing, if not original, concept. It’s just a shame that it gets sandwiched inside a creative and technical mess of a film. Still if you’re into badly dubbed and low budget cinema involving sorcerers, inquisitions, comets, sexually inhibited puritans, and astronomy," TV Guide awarded the film three out of five stars, calling it "competent and entertaining, despite the dreadful dubbing and cuts made under Murray's supervision".
From the early thirteenth century for the next 7 or 8 decades, Caussou was greatly affected by the Inquisitions and saw many of its inhabitants forced to wear the Yellow cross - the punishment sign of the heretics. Béatrice's father was an ardent Cathar and frequently accommodated the Cathar Perfects in his Caussou house. It was in 1322 in the Caussou garden of Béatrice's uncle Pons de Planisoles, that her cousin Raymond and an accomplice by the name of Bourret buried the body of a shepherd that he had murdered. The aristocratic Raymond was never charged with the murder, but the hapless Bourret was hanged for the offence at Foix.
The pioneering work in the field was made by Josiah William Russell in his 1948 British Medieval Population. Russell looked at inquisitions post mortem (IPMs) taken by the crown to assess the wealth of the greatest landowners after their death to assess the mortality caused by the Black Death, and from this arrived at an estimate of 23.6 per cent of the entire population. He also looked at episcopal registers for the death toll among the clergy, where the result was between 30–40 per cent. Russell believed the clergy was at particular risk of contagion, and eventually concluded with a low mortality level of only 20 per cent.
Another factor that contributed to the high number of inquisitorial investigations was the low conviction ratio. Due to its reputation of relative impartiality during its first two centuries of existence, Spanish citizens preferred the inquisitorial tribunal to the secular courts and presented their cases to them whenever possible. Those held in secular prisons also did all they could to be transferred to Inquisitorial prisons, since prisoners of the inquisitions had rights while those of the king did not. As such, defendants accused of civil infractions would blaspheme or self accuse of false conversion to be transferred to the Inquisition courts, which eventually made the Inquisitors elevate a complaint to the king.
However, Rudolf wanted to continue his education, so his father agreed that he could spend half his week at the university and the other half at the factory. Rudolf ended up spending more time at the university, and when he was at the factory he was distracting the employees with his inquisitions about the mechanics of the piano, so his father agreed to let him focus entirely on his education. Rudolf was interested in psychology as long as he could remember, with his specific memory of buying some of the first editions of Sigmund Freud's books when he was fifteen or sixteen. These fueled his interest in psychoanalysis.
Pope Gregory IX (; born Ugolino di Conti; c. 1145 or before 1170 – 22 August 1241) was Bishop of Rome, and as such, head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 March 1227 to his death. He is known for issuing the Decretales and instituting the Papal Inquisition in response to the failures of the episcopal inquisitions established during the time of Pope Lucius III through his papal bull Ad abolendam issued in 1184. The successor of Honorius III, he fully inherited the traditions of Gregory VII and of his own cousin Innocent III and zealously continued their policy of papal supremacy.
The manuscripts were left to Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax of Cameron, who by his will bequeathed them (160 volumes in all) to the Bodleian Library at Oxford. Portions have been printed by the Yorkshire Archaeological Society (Dodsworth's Yorkshire Notes, 1884) and the Chetham Society (copies of Lancashire postmortem inquisitions, 1875–1876). Dodsworth was aided in his study of early Yorkshire by Thomas Levett, a native of High Melton, Yorkshire and High Sheriff of Rutland, who came into possession of the Chartulary of St. John of Pontefract, a collection of early Yorkshire documents kept by monks at the Cluniac abbey. In 1626–27 Levett gave the documents to Dodsworth.
Les inquisitions modernes dans les Pays-Bas meridionaux. 1520-1633. 2 vols. Bruselas In favor of this view there is the obvious military sense it makes, and the many early attempts of peaceful conversion and persuasion that the Monarchs used at the beginning of their reign, and the sudden turn towards the creation of the Inquisition and the edicts of expulsion when those initial attempts failed. The conquest of Naples by the Gran Capitan is also proof of an interest in Mediterranean expansion and re-establishment of Spanish power in that sea that was bound to generate frictions with the Ottoman Empire and other African nations.
Sir John Giffard had been granted the lands of Gutinges (Guleing) and Oxenhale (Oxenhall) in Gloucester, and Maud de Giffard to hold of him.Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous (Chancery) Preserved in the Public Record Office, Volume I. (London:Hereford Times Limited, 1916). Entry 675, Hundred of Bottelawe (Gloucester) On 12 October Maud's brother, Walter de Giffard, further granted her for life the manors of Frome (Halmond), Hamme (Holme Lacy), Oxenhall, Wilby, Trompiton (Trumpington), and La Fenne (Bodenham); and the rents of Ballingham, Guting (Guleing), and Heynton (Hayton); and the meadow of Jarchull to hold to the value of 60 pounds of land a year.H.C. Maxwell Lyte (editor).
These eight counties were: the five English counties of Cork, Limerick, Kerry, Tipperary, and Waterford; and the three Irish counties of Desmond, Ormond, and Thomond. Perrot's divisions in Ulster were for the main confirmed by a series of inquisitions between 1606 and 1610 that settled the demarcation of the counties of Connaught and Ulster. John Speed's Description of the Kingdom of Ireland in 1610 showed that there was still a vagueness over what counties constituted the provinces, however Meath was no longer reckoned a province. By 1616 when the Attorney General for Ireland Sir John Davies departed Ireland, almost all counties had been delimited.
Throughout history, biblical passages have been used to justify the use of force against heretics, sinners and external enemies. Heitman and Hagan identify the Inquisitions, Crusades, wars of religion and antisemitism as being "among the most notorious examples of Christian violence". To this list, J. Denny Weaver adds, "warrior popes, support for capital punishment, corporal punishment under the guise of 'spare the rod and spoil the child', justifications of slavery, world-wide colonialism in the name of conversion to Christianity, the systemic violence of women subjected to men". Weaver employs a broader definition of violence that extends the meaning of the word to cover "harm or damage", not just physical violence per se.
At least two other confessions from the 16th century, those of Andro Mann and Allison Peirson, reported encounters with the Queen of Elphame; later, in 1670, Jean Weir from Edinburgh, also claimed she met the fairy queen. Gowdie's confessions formed the crux of historian Margaret Murray's thesis about covens consisting of thirteen members; Murray also asserted cults were structured this way throughout Europe although her work was later discredited. Wilby opines there may have been dark shamanic aspects contained in the fairy elements. Despite the Privy Council's April 1662 proclamation, torture was often still employed and Levack speculates some form of it may have been applied to Gowdie; she may have become unbalanced by the imprisonment and lengthy inquisitions.
In a positive review of the film, Holly Ellingwood for activeAnime compared her appearance to that Bo from Lost Girl and praised "the expression in her eyes", saying the character "looked fierce and every bit the dangerous and elite knight she is supposed to be". Prior to the release of Inquisition, Kimberly Wallace of Game Informer considered the potential of her return to the series, and thought she could be interesting due to the mystery surrounding her, what she could bring to the group, and how she could develop. After Inquisitions release, Cassandra received a positive reception. Ray Ivey of Just Adventure noted how, while she seemed "cold and unappealing at first", she grew on him.
The view from the Bridge of Sighs was the last view of Venice that convicts saw before their imprisonment. The bridge's English name was bequeathed by Lord Byron in the 19th century as a translation from the Italian "Ponte dei sospiri", from the suggestion that prisoners would sigh at their final view of beautiful Venice through the window before being taken down to their cells. In reality, the days of inquisitions and summary executions were over by the time that the bridge was built, and the cells under the palace roof were occupied mostly by small-time criminals. In addition, little could be seen from inside the bridge due to the stone grills covering the windows.
I and Ballylirstrillyvickenratty (26 letters) for Tullymacarath, County Down in 1609. The spelling Ballemickegillemorreyietragh (28 letters; later "Ballymackilmurry etra" in the townland of Ballymackilmurry) is recorded in a 1609 inquisition into the churchlands of County Armagh made in preparation for the Plantation of Ulster. Salters Grange, County Armagh is called Grangeballaghmarramacquoid (26 letters) in inquisitions of 1557 and 1614. The 1654 Civil Survey of County Tipperary records Glayshlackeenetanballyuore (26 letters) as the name of a "small brooke" forming part of the boundary of Oughterleague parish by the townland of Demone; Aghknockanecurryheeneliegh (26 letters) a ford on the boundary of Moyne parish in Tipperary; and Barrecoroughbollinbraykon (25 letters) a "littel stream" on the border of Gorey barony.
The two most significant and extensively-cited sources of this revised analysis of the historiography of the inquisitorial proceedings are Inquisition (1988) by Edward Peters and The Spanish Inquisition: An Historical Revision (1997) by Henry Kamen. These works focus on identifying and correcting what they argue are popular modern misconceptions about the inquisitions and historical misinterpretations of their activities. Kamen's 1997 book is updated and revised from an edition first published in 1965. Kamen takes the position that the Inquisition in Spain was motivated more by political considerations than religious, that the monarchs routinely protected those close to the crown, and that in Aragon large areas either defied or hindered its operation.
Such debates have led to concepts such as just war theory. Throughout history, certain teachings from the Old Testament, the New Testament and Christian theology have been used to justify the use of force against heretics, sinners and external enemies. Heitman and Hagan identify the Inquisitions, Crusades, wars of religion, and antisemitism as being "among the most notorious examples of Christian violence". To this list, Mennonite theologian J. Denny Weaver adds "warrior popes, support of capital punishment, corporal punishment under the guise of 'spare the rod spoil the child,' justifications of slavery, world-wide colonialism under the guise of converting people to Christianity, the systemic violence against women who are subjected to the rule of men".
Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and informants from Tiberius to Domitian (London: Routledge, 2001), p. 273 Although Steven Rutledge dates the start of his senatorial career to the reign of Tiberius, the earliest attested event in Geminus' life is his suffect consulship. He is attested as governor of Moesia in the 50s; a copy of a letter he wrote to the inhabitants of Histria upholding their rights to the mouth of the Danube was preserved in a set of inscriptions known as the Horothesia Laberiou Maximou.For Greek text and an English translation, see J.H. Oliver, "Texts A and B of the Horothesia Dossier at Istros", Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 6 (1965), pp.
The presence of crypto-Jews in India aroused the anger of the Archbishop of Goa, Dom Gaspar Jorge de Leão Pereira and others who wrote polemics and letters to Lisbon urging that the Inquisition be brought to India. Twenty-four years after Portuguese Inquisition began, the Goan Inquisition came to India in 1560 after Francis Xavier – who was made a saint by the Catholic Church – placed a request for it to the King of Portugal. The Inquisition in all the Portuguese territories put roughly 45,000 people on trial with "the most active court being in Goa". The Goan Inquisition initially targeted anusim and Jews, but like the Inquisitions in Europe, it also targeted crypto-Muslims, and later crypto-Hindus.
This grant covered the two extra polls of ecclesiastical land in the parish which had been overlooked in the previous inquisitions and grants. A survey held by Sir John Davies (poet) at Cavan Town on 6 September 1608 stated that- the ecclesiastical lands of Templeporte were containing 6 pulls lying near the parish church and that the rectory was appropriated to the Abbey of Kells, County Meath. Cloneary was one of these pulls. An Inquisition held in Cavan Town on 25 September 1609 found the termon land of Templeport to consist of six polls of land, out of which the Bishop of Kilmore was entitled to a rent of 10 shillings and 2/3rd of a beef per annum.
This grant covered the two extra polls of ecclesiastical land in the parish which had been overlooked in the previous inquisitions and grants. A survey held by Sir John Davies (poet) at Cavan Town on 6 September 1608 stated that- the ecclesiastical lands of Templeporte were containing 6 pulls lying near the parish church and that the rectory was appropriated to the Abbey of Kells, County Meath. Keenagh was one of these pulls. An Inquisition held in Cavan Town on 25 September 1609 found the termon land of Templeport to consist of six polls of land, out of which the Bishop of Kilmore was entitled to a rent of 10 shillings and 2/3rd of a beef per annum.
Inquisitions in 1629 spell the name as Dromcartagh and Dromkartagh. In the Plantation of Ulster King James VI and I by grant dated 27 June 1610, granted the Manor of Keylagh, which included 11/12 parts of the poll of Dromcartagh, to John Achmootie, a Scottish Groom of the Bedchamber. His brother Alexander Achmootie was granted the neighbouring Manor of Dromheada. On 23 July 1610 the king granted the Manor of Clonyn or Taghleagh, which included the remaining 1/12 part of Drumcartagh, to Sir Alexander Hamilton of Innerwick, Scotland and this 1/12 part was called Dromacho. On 16 August 1610 John Aghmootie sold his lands in Tullyhunco to James Craig.
Serjeants (servientes) already appear as a distinct class in the Domesday Book of 1086, though not in all cases differentiated from the barons, who held by knight-service. A few mediaeval tenures by serjeanty can be definitely traced as far back as Domesday in the case of three Hampshire serjeanties: those of acting as king's marshal, of finding an archer for his service, and of keeping the gaol in Winchester Castle. It is probable, however, that many supposed tenures by serjeanty were not really such, although so described in returns, in inquisitions post mortems, and other records. The simplest legal test of the tenure was that serjeants, though liable to the feudal exactions of wardship, etc.
The McNeill–Tulloch inquiry was the most effective of the various inquisitions into the Crimean débâcle. It sharply criticised Lord Raglan's personal staff in the Crimea and Commissary- General Filder, and it led to many recriminations as officers sought to clear their names when the report was published in 1856. A board of general officers was convened to clear the army, but despite its protestations, the McNeill–Tulloch report led to professional reform of the commissariat by the Royal Warrant of October 1858. Very unusually, the Commons, irritated by executive obfuscation, passed a resolution in 1857 calling for special honours and McNeill soon became a Privy Councillor and Tulloch was appointed a KCB.
Thomas Aquinas and Duns Scotus argued that civil authority to carry out capital punishment was supported by scripture. Pope Innocent III required Peter Waldo and the Waldensians to accept that "secular power can, without mortal sin, exercise judgement of blood, provided that it punishes with justice, not out of hatred, with prudence, not precipitation" as a prerequisite for reconciliation with the church. Paul Suris states that official Church teachings have neither absolutely condemned nor promoted capital punishment, but toleration of it has fluctuated throughout the ages. The Inquisitions provide the most memorable instance of Church support for capital punishment, although some historians considered these more lenient than the secular courts of the period.
During the Late Middle Ages and the early Renaissance, the scope of the Inquisition grew significantly in response to the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformation. It expanded to other European countries, resulting in the Spanish Inquisition and the Portuguese Inquisition. The Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions focused particularly on the anusim (people who were forced to abandon Judaism against their will) and on Muslim converts to Catholicism. The scale of the persecution of converted Muslims and converted Jews in Spain and Portugal was the result of suspicions that they had secretly reverted to their previous religions, although both minority groups were also more numerous on the Iberian Peninsula than in other parts of Europe.
However, Nicholas Eymerich, the inquisitor who wrote the "Directorium Inquisitorum", stated: 'Quaestiones sunt fallaces et ineficaces' ("interrogations via torture are misleading and futile"). By 1256 inquisitors were given absolution if they used instruments of torture.Larissa Tracy, Torture and Brutality in Medieval Literature: Negotiations of National Identity, (Boydell and Brewer Ltd, 2012), 22; "In 1252 Innocent IV licensed the use of torture to obtain evidence from suspects, and by 1256 inquisitors were allowed to absolve each other if they used instruments of torture themselves, rather than relying on lay agents for the purpose...". In the 13th century, Pope Gregory IX (reigned 1227–1241) assigned the duty of carrying out inquisitions to the Dominican Order and Franciscan Order.
Mannox and Catherine both confessed during her adultery inquisitions that they had engaged in sexual contact, but not actual coitus. When questioned Catherine was quoted as saying, "At the flattering and fair persuasions of Mannox, being but a young girl, I suffered him at sundry times to handle and touch the secret parts of my body, which neither became me with honesty to permit nor him to require." Catherine severed contact with Mannox in 1538, most likely in the spring. It is not true, as is sometimes stated, that this was because she began to spend more time at the Dowager Duchess's mansion in Lambeth, as Lambeth was Mannox's home parish and where he married, perhaps in later 1538-9.
At the death of his grandfather, Richard Harthill, there was still a male heir in the family, a ten-year-old grandson called William, who was intended to inherit the majority of the estates. Richard had appointed feoffees to ease the transition, although there were reports that the tenants had no connection with the feoffees and an inquisition post mortem decided that Pooley and the rest ought to escheat to the king during William's minority.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Richard II, volume 16, nos. 863-5. In March 1401 an inquiry was held at Tamworth, Staffordshire, into the age of William and it transpired that he was 21, old enough to take over his estates, although he his wardship was still held by Roger Sapurton.
The Catholic Church's peak of authority over all European Christians and their common endeavours of the Christian community — for example, the Crusades, the fight against the Moors in the Iberian Peninsula and against the Ottomans in the Balkans — helped to develop a sense of communal identity against the obstacle of Europe's deep political divisions. This authority was also used by local Inquisitions to root out divergent elements and create a religiously uniform community. The conflict between Church and state was in many ways a uniquely Western phenomenon originating in Late Antiquity (see Saint Augustine's masterpiece City of God (417)). Contrary to Augustinian theology, the Papal States in Italy, today downsized to the State of Vatican, were ruled directly by the Holy See.
212-13 (note b) (Internet archive). (Note: references in this text to the Letters and Papers of Henry VIII are to the Rolls Series, First Edition of 1862, etc.).He is mis-called William "Aubyn" in W. Page (ed.), A History of the County of Suffolk, Vol. 2 (William Constable, London 1907), p. 123, an error repeated elsewhere.J. G. Webb, 'William Sabyn of Ipswich: an early Tudor Sea-officer and Merchant', The Mariner's Mirror 41 (1955), issue 3, pp. 209-221 (Taylor & Francis online). Subscription required.'The will of William Sabyn, Sergeant at the Arms of Ipswich, Suffolk', P.C.C. 1543 (Spert quire). Inquisitions post mortem: The National Archives, C 142/68/2; WARD 7/1/63; E 150/643/44.
Archbishop Thurstan is said to have founded the St Mary Magdalen Hospital, north east of Ripon Cathedral, sometime between 1115 and 1139. The chapel dates from around the same time and is noted as being the only intact part of any of the Medieval hospitals left in the city of Ripon. Whilst no documentary evidence exists to attest to date or origin of the chapel, inquisitions held in the early 14th century had witnesses who testified that their elders and forefathers had told them Thurstan had paid for the hospital and that it should be a Leprosarium, attending to all lepers who were born in the Liberty of Ripon (omnes leprosos in Ripschire procreatos et genitos). Later, it tended to blind clergy from the same geographical area.
According to the historian Yaqut al-Hamawi, the Böszörmény, (Izmaleita or Ismaili/Nizari) denomination of Muslims who lived in the Kingdom of Hungary from the 10th to the 13th centuries, were employed as mercenaries by the kings of Hungary. However, following the establishment of the Christian Kingdom of Hungary, their community was vanquished by the end of the 13th century due to the Inquisitions ordered by the Catholic Church during the reign of Coloman, King of Hungary. It is said that the Assassins are the ancestors of those given the surname Hajaly, derived from the word "hajal", a rare species of bird found in the mountains of Syria near Masyaf. The hajal (bird) was often used as a symbol of the Assassin's order.
It is bounded on the north by Legavreagra and Aghnacally townlands and the international border with Fermanagh and Northern Ireland, on the east by Snugborough and Derryginny townlands, on the south by Lecharrownahone townland and on the west by Mullanacre Upper, Mullanacre Lower & Drumane townlands. Its chief geographical features are Loughan MacMartin mountain lake (In the Fermanagh Inquisitions of 1605 it is spelled Loghanmcmartin),page xxxiii the Crooked River (Ireland), some mountain streams, quarries, gravel pits, forestry plantations and Slieve Rushen mountain, on whose southern slope it lies, reaching an altitude of above sea- level. It forms part of the Slieve Rushen Bog Natural Heritage Area. The townland is traversed by the N87 road (Ireland), the Bawnboy Road, the Laher Road, Carrowmore Lane and other minor lanes.
The ulama emerged as a real force in Islamic politics during al- Ma'mun's reign for opposing the mihna, which was initiated in 833, four months before he died. Michael Hamilton Morgan in his book "Lost History" describes al-Ma'mun as a man who 'Loves Learning.' al-Ma'mun once defeated a Byzantine Emperor in a battle and as a tribute, he asked for a copy of Almagest, Ptolemy's Hellenistic compendium of thoughts on astronomy written around A.D. 150Michael Hamilton Morgan "Lost History", page. 57 The 'mihna', is comparable to Medieval European inquisitions in the sense that it involved imprisonment, a religious test, and a loyalty oath. The people subject to the mihna were traditionalist scholars whose social influence was uncommonly high.
An inquisition upon the rebels described Bertram as an enemy of King Henry's and King Edward's, being of the household of Sir Henry de Montfort, and that certain lands of his were seized by the Earl of Gloucester and afterwards by Roger de Leybourne, but were later redeemed. His kinsman Robert de Crevecoeur, grandson and heir of Hamo, was with Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Lewes. The same inquest records that Laurence de Fonte of Canterbury was with Sir Nicholas de Crioll before, during and after the war, and stayed with him until his death, but it was not believed that he was present at any siege or spoil.Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous (Chancery), I (HMSO 1916), No. 1024, pp.
Frowyk married firstly Joan Bardville, by whom he had a son, Thomas, who appears to have died young. He married secondly, by 1498, Elizabeth Carnevyle, daughter of William Carnevyle of Tockington, Gloucestershire. They had a daughter, Frideswide, aged 8 on 2 February 1505/06,Frideswide was aged 8 on the Feast of the Purification (2 February 1505/06) last preceding the date of the Inquest (19 December, 22 Henry VII (Aug. 1506-1507)). See 'Inquisitions post mortem, Henry VII: Sir Thomas Frowyk, knight', in G.S. Fry (ed.), Abstracts of Inquisitiones Post Mortem for the City of London: Part 1 (1896), pp. 5-27 (British History Online, retrieved 16 September 2017) who was the first wife of Sir Thomas Cheyney, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports.
When King Edward II began his rule, the childless John Fitz- Reginald, heir of Peter Fitz-Herbert, granted the reversion of all his lands (including the Lordship of Blaenllynfi) to the king.Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem: Volume 7, Edward III, File 14, entry 177 In 1309 the king issued a charter, granting them to Rhys ap Hywel, descendant and heir of Gwgan, in gratitude of Philip's loyalty to Edward's father; Fitz-Reginald had already given Philip baronial rights to a manor within the Lordship. The Bronllys Lordship was at this time held by Walter Fitz-Richard's heir, Maud, daughter of John Giffard, 1st Baron Giffard. When she died, in 1311, without immediate heirs, King Edward transferred the Bronllys Lordship to Rhys ap Hywel as well.
El Centro de Estudios Judíos “Torat Emet” is a Spanish-language Jewish education and spirituality center for Jews from all over Latin America. Its mission is to provide traditional Sephardic Torah study using the traditional perspectives of the Spanish and Portuguese communities customs and rites in Spanish for Latin American audiences. Much of the work of the center focuses on the return of the Anusim - descendants of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews that were forcibly converted to Christianity during the Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions. The center provides education via weekly classes and special events held either via the web from it virtual Bet Midrash (house of study) and/or in person at its various locations throughout the United States and Latin America.
The novel sees Devon's first county coroner, Sir John de Wolfe, investigating the sudden death of a wealthy guild-master and, although he is convinced the death has natural causes, the victim's widow is convinced that her husband has been done to death by an evil spell. Unsatisfied by Sir John's efforts, she embarks on a campaign to rid the region of its 'cunning women' leading to a hysteria (foreshadowing later witch-hunts, such as the European Inquisitions and the Salem witch trials) in which a number of women are persecuted and even executed. When the Crowner's Welsh mistress Nesta is accused, Sir John is forced to step up his investigations to catch the culprits before she too faces the noose.
This grant covered the two extra polls of ecclesiastical land in the parish which had been overlooked in the previous inquisitions and grants. A survey held by Sir John Davies (poet) at Cavan Town on 6 September 1608 stated that- the ecclesiastical lands of Templeporte were containing 6 pulls lying near the parish church and that the rectory was appropriated to the Abbey of Kells, County Meath. Port was one of these six pulls. An Inquisition held in Cavan Town on 25 September 1609 found the termon land of Templeport to consist of six polls of land, out of which the Bishop of Kilmore was entitled to a rent of 10 shillings and 2/3rd of a beef per annum.
South Carolina Law Quarterly. University of South Carolina School of Law After the parliamentary revolutions of the late 17th century, according to some historical accounts, the right to silence became established in the law as a reaction of the people to the excesses of the royal inquisitions in these courts. The rejection of the procedures of the Courts of Star Chamber and High Commission eventually resulted in the emergence of the principle, according to US jurist and law of evidence expert John Henry Wigmore, "that no man is bound to incriminate himself, on any charge (no matter how properly instituted), or in any Court (not merely in the ecclesiastical or Star Chamber tribunals)". It was extended during the English Restoration (from 1660 on) to include "an ordinary witness, and not merely the party charged".
In his latter years his health began to fail, and he lost his eyesight. Poverty compelled him to sell his library, a sacrifice which hastened his death, which took place at Paris on 1 February 1767. He is the author of Supplement au dictionnaire de Morri (1735), and a Nouveau Supplement to a subsequent edition of the work; he collaborated in Bibliothèque française, ou histoire littéraire de la France (18 vols, Paris, 1740–1759); and in the Vies des saints (7 vols, 1730); he also wrote Mémoires historiques et littéraires sur le collège royal de France (1758); Histoire des Inquisitions (Paris, 1752); and supervised an edition of César-Pierre Richelet's Dictionnaire, of which he has also given an abridgment. He helped Jean Claude Fabre to complete Fleury's Histoire ecclésiastique.
During the time of the Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions, conversion to Roman Catholicism did not result in total termination of the person's Jewish status. Legally, the converts were no longer regarded as Jews and thus allowed to stay in the Iberian Peninsula. During the Inquisition in Spain and Portugal, however, many Jews were forced to convert, but thereafter were regarded by many people, though not in a legal form, as New Christians, distinguishing them as separate from the Old Christians of non-Jewish lineage. Since legal, political, religious and social pressure pushed many people to untrue conversions (public behaviour as Christians while retaining some Jewish beliefs and practices privately, a kind of crypto-Judaism), they were still treated with suspicion, a stigma sometimes carried for several generations by their identifiable descendants.
Thomas Smith of NME saw "Bury a Friend" as "a sizeable middle finger to anyone who expected a twinkly ballad befitting to her lone EP, 2017's Don't Smile at Me", as well as a "statement" for "vocalising the uncertainties and inquisitions of a generation ready to make their mark". DIY Lisa Wright labelled the song "intoxicating and intriguing – aka exactly what you want from a new star". Chloe Gilke of Uproxx praised the "full of bizarre, screechy flourishes and dips into the nightmarish" and claimed that "somehow the song’s lyrics are just as specific and creepy". Similarly, an editor for The Music Network commented on the song's "sinister [nature] in name and "lyric" and claimed that it is "unsettling", despite there being "something" tranquil and thoughtful about it".
The universal hidalguía of Basques helped many of them to positions of power in the administration.Limpieza de sangre in the Spanish-language Auñamendi Encyclopedia This idea was reinforced by the fact that, as a result of the Reconquista, a large number of Spanish noble lineages were already of Basque origin. Tests of limpieza de sangre had begun to lose their utility by the 19th century; rarely did persons have to endure the grueling inquisitions into distant parentage through birth records. However, laws requiring limpieza de sangre were still sometimes adopted even into the 19th century. For example, an edict of 8 March 1804 by King Ferdinand VII resolved that no knight of the military orders might wed without having a council vouch for the limpieza de sangre of his spouse.
Four inquisitions during the 13th century supported the abbot's claims, yet the townspeople remained unwavering in their quest for borough status: in 1342, they lodged a Bill of complaint in Chancery. Twenty townspeople were ordered to Westminster, where they declared under oath that successive abbots had bought up many burgage tenements, and made the borough into an appendage of the manor, depriving it of its separate court. They claimed that the royal charter that conferred on the men of Cirencester the liberties of Winchester had been destroyed 50 years earlier, when the abbot had bribed the burgess who held the charter to give it to him, whereupon the abbot had had it burned. In reply, the abbot refuted these claims, and the case passed on to the King's Bench.
Humphrey de Bohun alias de Boun, Earl of Hereford and Essex. Writ, 7 January 27 Edward I (1299) On the subsidy rolls for 1303 Walter Devereux is shown holding 1/2 fee in Bodenham, county Herefordshire. He was assessed 20 shillings.Anthony Story. Inquisitions and Assessments Relating to Feudal Aids: 1284-1341, Volume II: Dorset to Huntingdon. (London: Public Record Office, 1900). Page 378 In 1304 he was listed as holding in custody some of the lands of the under-age Roger Mortimer, the future Earl of March. Roger was the son of Edmund Mortimer, 2nd Baron Mortimer, who had died on 17 July 1304, and his widow, Margaret, Baroness de Mortimer, had filed suit against Hugh de Aldytheleye and Isolda his wife over various parts of the estate.
The inquisitions taken at the time of its suppression showed that the priory then held the churches of Chaddleworth and Kingston, the manors of West Batterton, Peasemore, Curridge, and Bagnor, and messuages, lands, and tenements in thirty-two Berkshire parishes. In January 1527, Edward Fetyplace, Treasurer to the Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, wrote to Thomas Cromwell, upbraiding him with breaking his word as to granting him the site of Poughley, on the faith of which he had given Cromwell 40s. at the time of its dissolution, and yet the lease had been granted to another man. This letter is of particular interest, as showing that the house of the dissolved priory was for a time occupied by scholars of Wolsey's great college then in course of erection.
Corboy Glebe was one of these four pulls. By grant dated 10 August 1607, along with other lands, King James VI and I granted a further lease of the farms, termons or hospitals of Templeport containing 2 pulls for 21 years at an annual rent of 13 shillings to the aforesaid Sir Garret Moore, 1st Viscount Moore of Mellifont Abbey, County Louth. This grant covered the two extra polls of ecclesiastical land in the parish which had been overlooked in the previous inquisitions and grants. A survey held by Sir John Davies (poet) at Cavan Town on 6 September 1608 stated that- the ecclesiastical lands of Templeporte were containing 6 pulls lying near the parish church and that the rectory was appropriated to the Abbey of Kells, County Meath.
Where the medieval inquisitions had limited power and influence, the powers of the modern "Holy Tribunal" were taken over, extended and enlarged by the power of the state into "one of the most formidable engines of destruction which ever existed." During the Northern crusades, Christian thought on conversion shifted to a pragmatic acceptance of conversion obtained through political pressure or military coercion even though theologians of the period continued to write that conversion must be voluntary. By the time of the early Reformation, (1400 — 1600), the conviction developed among the early Protestants that pioneering the concepts of religious freedom and religious toleration was necessary. Scholars say tolerance has never been an attitude broadly espoused by an entire society, not even western societies, and that only a few outstanding individuals, historically, have truly fought for it.
Heresy was a religious, political, and social issue, so "the first stirrings of violence against dissidents were usually the result of popular resentment." There are many examples of this popular resentment involving mobs murdering heretics, and most historians agree this breakdown of social order was what led to the medieval inquisitions. Leaders reasoned that both lay and church authority had an obligation to step in when sedition, peace, or the general stability of society was part of the issue. The revival of Roman law made it possible for Pope Innocent III (1198–1216) to make heresy a political question when he took Roman law's doctrine of lèse-majesté, and combined it with his view of heresy as laid out in the 1199 decretal Vergentis in senium, thereby equating heresy with treason against God.
While in prison, Evans and Cheevers produced many letters and a narrative under the title This is a Short Relation of some of the Cruel Sufferings (for the Truths Sake) of Katharine Evans & Sarah Cheevers in the Inquisition in the Isle of Malta published in 1662. In 1663, Evans and Cheevers also published A True Account of the Great Tryals and Cruel Sufferings Undergone by Those Two Faithful Servants of God, Katherine Evans and Sarah Cheevers, in the Time of Their above Three Years and a Half's Confinement in the Island Malta, which included a narrative of their release and their journey home.Warburton, The Lord hath joined us together, p. 420. These mainly consist of an account of their experiences, including recountings of inquisitions, visions/prophecies, treatment, and illnesses.
The modern day notion of a unified and horrible "Inquisition" is an assemblage of the "body of legends and myths which, between the sixteenth and the twentieth centuries, established the perceived character of inquisitorial tribunals and influenced all ensuing efforts to recover their historical reality". "The [assembled] myth was originally devised to serve variously the political purposes of a number of early modern political regimes, as well as Protestant Reformers, proponents of religious and civil toleration, philosophical enemies of the civil power of organized religions, and progressive modernists..." It was the relatively limited persecution of Protestants, mostly by the inquisitions in Spain and Italy, that provoked the first image of "The Inquisition" as the most violent and suppressive vehicle of the Church against Protestantism. Later, philosophical critics of religious persecution and the Catholic Church only furthered this image during the Enlightenment.
Catharism had its roots in the Paulician movement in Armenia and eastern Byzantine Anatolia and the Bogomils of the First Bulgarian Empire. Consequently, the Church began to enjoin secular rulers to extirpate heresy (lest the ruler's Catholic subjects are absolved from their allegiance), and in order to coerce heretics or witnesses "into confessing their errors and accusing others," decided to sanction the use of methods of torture, already utilized by secular governments in other criminal procedures due to the recovery of Roman Law, in the medieval inquisitions. However, Pope Innocent IV, in the Bull Ad extirpanda (15 May 1252), stipulated that the inquisitors were to "stop short of danger to life or limb".Ad extirpanda, quoted at The Roman Theological Forum The modern Church's views regarding torture have changed drastically, largely reverting to the earlier stance.
When ordered to produce the foundation charter of his abbey the abbot refused, apparently because that document would be fatal to his case, and instead played a winning card. In return for a fine of £300, he obtained a new royal charter confirming his privileges and a writ of supersedeas. Yet the townspeople continued in their fight: in return for their aid to the Crown against the earls of Kent and Salisbury, Henry IV in 1403 gave the townsmen a Guild Merchant, although two inquisitions reiterated the abbot's rights. The struggle between the abbot and the townspeople continued, with the abbot's privileges confirmed in 1408‑1409 and 1413, and in 1418 the abbot finally removed this thorn in his side when the guild merchant was annulled, and in 1477 parliament declared that Cirencester was not corporate.
Detailed constructions of articles of faith did not find favor in Judaism before the medieval era, when Jews were forced to defend their faith from both Islamic and Christian inquisitions, disputations, and polemics. The necessity of defending their religion against the attacks of other philosophies induced many Jewish leaders to define and formulate their beliefs. Saadia Gaon's "Emunot ve-Deot" is an exposition of the main tenets of Judaism. They are listed as: The world was created by God; God is one and incorporeal; belief in revelation (including the divine origin of tradition); man is called to righteousness, and endowed with all necessary qualities of mind and soul to avoid sin; belief in reward and punishment; the soul is created pure; after death, it leaves the body; belief in resurrection; Messianic expectation, retribution, and final judgement.
The English statute Quia Emptores of Edward I (1290) established that socage tenure passed from one generation to the next (or one nominee to the next such as newly appointed feoffees/trustees (to uses/trusts)) subject to inquisitions post mortem which would mean a one-off tax (a "feudal relief"). This contrasts with leases which could be for a person's lifetime or readily subject to forfeiture and rent increases. As feudalism declined, the prevalence of socage tenure increased until either it became the normal form of head tenure in the Kingdom of England (all types enabling grants underneath it of any leases or subleases, as today but also copyhold where lord of the manor). In 1660, the Statute of Tenures ended estates requiring the owner to provide (with the "incidents" of) military service and most freehold tenures (and other "estates of inheritance") were converted into "free and common socage".
For, whereas Fosbury, and later Bishop's Cannings in Wiltshire, became the main seat of the ERNLE family; significantly, they also held Yatesbury for centuries, perhaps starting in or before 1428 (and no earlier than 1412 when no ERNLE is recorded in an early subsidy roll for Wiltshire). For example, Francis ERNLE, third son of John ERNLE, of Burton in Bishop's Cannings (d. 1572), was described as gentleman, of Yatesbury in his will, and his children retained the connexion. In 1412, however, we see that while the ERNLE family was present as major landholders in Sussex, they had not yet forged their connexion with Wiltshire, viz.: Inquisitions and assessments relating to feudal aids : with other analogous documents preserved in the Public Record Office, A. D. 1284-1431, vol. 6. p. 520 Sussex A.D. 1412 p. 522 [same county] WILLELMUS ERNELE habet maneria etc. cum pertinenciis, que valent xxi. li. xiij. s.
Waterboarding has been used in diverse places and at various points in history, including the Spanish and Flemish Inquisitions, by the United States military during the Philippine-American War, by U.S. law enforcement, by Japanese and German officials during World War II, by the French in the Algerian War, by the U.S. during the Vietnam War (despite a ban on the practice by U.S. generals), by the Pinochet regime in Chile, by the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, by the British Army in Northern Ireland, and by South African police during the apartheid era. While there is international debate over whether waterboarding constitutes torture, many 21st century authorities assert that it is. Waterboard on display at the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum: prisoners' feet were shackled to the bar on the right, wrists restrained by shackles on the left. Water was poured over the face using the watering can.
The surname identifies this family with the Olive Tree and the symbolic characteristics existing on the tree. On the coats of arms where it appears, it is the symbol of peace, of victory, of fame and immortal glory. In archaic Portuguese we find the register of surnames with variations of their spelling, such as Olveira and Ulveira. By the time of King Diniz I, king of Portugal in 1281, Oliveira was already "an old, illustrious and honorable family," as the king's books of Inquisitions show. ‘Oliveira’ is classified in the genealogical-Jewish study as of proven Jewish origin. Before the Inquisition the “de Oliveira” where also in Spain. Before the Islamist conquered the Iberian peninsula it was called ‘ha-Levi’ or ‘ha-Itshari'. ‘De Oliveira’ who settled in Portugal, Galicia and Spain, adopted a translated form of their family name to disguise their Judean origin.
343, quoted in Morris, Part 2, 2,21; Also, Calendars of Inquisitions Post Mortem, vol.4, no.245 Coulter, writing in 1993, although he found several early references to Whitechapel, was unable to find any historical record describing the founding of the Whitechapel, but discovered other licences granted by Bishop Brantingham in 1374 for a chapel at Grilstone, in the parish of Bishops Nympton, in which mass was to be said annually on St Nicholas's Day, and a further multiple licence granted in 1425 by Bishop Lacy to Sir William Champyon, vicar of Nymet Episcopi for divine service to be celebrated in the chapels within his parish of St Peter, St Nicholas, St Mary Magdalene and St Margaret.Coulter Next to the manor house there are remains seemingly of a gothic window below ground level within a low building, but the evidence is not certain that this relates to the Whitechapel.
The Lord High Steward of Scotland is the Prince of Scotland, as Duke of Rothesay, who is also currently the Prince of Wales and Duke of Cornwall. Given this Prince's other responsibilities, at the last two Coronations the Earl of Crawford was appointed as deputy to officiate in his stead. The Lord High Steward of Ireland is a hereditary position, vested historically in the Earl of Shrewsbury, but in other respects largely analogous to that of England, as determined by the Attorney-General in 1862. The historical background to that was the office of the Lord High Steward or Great Seneschal of Ireland granted to Sir Bertram de Verdun by King Henry II. LynchA View of the Legal Institutions, Honorary Hereditary Offices, and Feudal Baronies, established in Ireland following the reign of Henry the Second, deduced from court rolls, inquisitions, and other original records by William Lynch, Esq.
Boswell, John. Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality: Gay People in Western Europe from the Beginning of the Christian Era to the Fourteenth Century. N.p., University of Chicago Press, 2015. This has had a permanent impact on politics and law in multiple ways: through a new rhetoric of exclusion that legitimized persecution based on new attitudes of stereotyping, stigmatization and even demonization of the accused; by the creation of new civil laws which included allowing the state to be the defendant and bring charges on its own behalf; the invention of police forces as the arm of state enforcement; the invention of a general taxation, gold coins, and modern banking to pay for it all; and the inquisitions, which were a new legal procedure that allowed the judge to investigate on his own initiative without requiring a victim (other than the state) to press charges.
William FitzRalph had a grant of free warren in his ancestral manor of Grimthorpe (just north-east of Pocklington), and in Hinderskelfe (the site of Castle Howard), in Yorkshire, in 1253.Calendar of Charter Rolls, I: Henry III, 1226–1257 (HMSO 1903), 12 Jan. 37 Hen. III, m. 15, p. 415 (Internet Archive). Contra, giving date as 1269, R. Davies, 'Grimthorpe', p. 197. His kinsman, William son of Thomas de Greystok, entered his inheritance on the death of his brother Robert de Greystok,'314. Inquisition post mortem of Robert son of Thomas de Craystok', in J.E.E.S. Sharp and A.E. Stamp (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents, I: Henry III (HMSO 1904), pp. 83-84 (Internet Archive). and had free warren in his manors of Brunnum (Nunburnholme, just east of Pocklington) and Ellerton, Yorkshire, in March 1257.Calendar of Charter Rolls, I: Henry III p. 465 (Internet Archive).
Christopher Whittick's DNB account of Sir John Ernley's career has this to say about Ernle family two-county history: The family had been lords of the manor of Earnley near Chichester since the 13th century [sic, properly since the 12th]...the acquisition by marriage of lands and a parliamentary seat in Wiltshire in the 1430s, and legal preferment in Sussex after the Yorkist victory in 1460... culminated, in terms of the early modern period, in the career of the Lord Chief Justice Ernle under the first two Tudor monarchs. Supportive of these statements is the following evidence that the head of the Sussex family of Ernle, William Ernle, esq., of Earnley, is named both in Sussex and in Wiltshire as holding lands by the same source, which shows him as having interests in both counties in the same year, viz.: Inquisitions and assessments relating to feudal aids: with other analogous documents preserved in the Public Record Office, A. D. 1284-1431, vol. 5 p.
236 Contemporary illustration of the auto-da-fé of Valladolid, in which fourteen Protestants were burned at the stake for their faith, on May 21, 1559 In the Portuguese Inquisition the major targets were those who had converted from Judaism to Catholicism, the Conversos, also known as New Christians or Marranos, were suspected of secretly practising Judaism. Many of these were originally Spanish Jews, who had left Spain for Portugal. The number of victims is estimated to be around 40,000.. One particular focus of the Spanish and Portuguese inquisitions was the issue of Jewish anusim and Muslim converts to Catholicism, partly because these minority groups were more numerous in Spain and Portugal than they were in many other parts of Europe, and partly because they were often considered suspect due to the assumption that they had secretly reverted to their previous religions. The Goa Inquisition was the office of the Portuguese Inquisition acting in Portuguese India, and in the rest of the Portuguese Empire in Asia.
Published early in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I and only five years after the death of the Roman Catholic Queen Mary I, Foxe's Acts and Monuments was an affirmation of the English Reformation in a period of religious conflict between Catholics and the Church of England. Foxe's account of church history asserted a historical justification that was intended to establish the Church of England as a continuation of the true Christian church rather than as a modern innovation, and it contributed significantly to encourage nationally endorsed repudiation of the Catholic Church. The sequence of the work, initially in five books, covered first early Christian martyrs, a brief history of the medieval church, including the Inquisitions, and a history of the Wycliffite or Lollard movement. It then dealt with the reigns of Henry VIII and Edward VI, during which the dispute with Rome had led to the separation of the English Church from papal authority and the issuance of the Book of Common Prayer.
Developing his work in A People that Shall Dwell Alone, MacDonald examines antisemitism as a test case for an evolutionary analysis of ethnic conflict in general, applying social identity theory to three critical periods of institutionalized antisemitism: the Roman Empire in the fourth century; the Iberian inquisitions from the fourteenth century; and German Nazism in the period 1933-45. He argues that antisemitism can be analysed as a consequence of resource competition between groups in which each group is rationally pursuing its own interests, rather than as a manifestation of irrational malice by non-Jewish out-groups, and asserts that Jews, particularly strongly identified Jews, will be relatively prone to self-deception by ignoring or rationalizing negative information about themselves and their in-group. Finally, he discusses whether Judaism has ceased to be an evolutionary strategy because of the current levels of intermarriage among some groups of diaspora Jews, arguing that it has not ceased to be so and that it continues to flourish.
564 (Internet Archive). The de Ufford estates faced the demesne lands and churches of Butley Priory directly. In 1290 the patronage of the Butley and Leiston monasteries passed (with the manor of Benhall) to Guy Ferre the younger,Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward I: A.D. 1292–1301 (HMSO, London 1895), p. 78 (Internet archive), as June of 18 Edward I. an important and trusted figure in the royal administration in Gascony, and Seneschal in 1308-09.Y. Renouard, Roles Gascons, Tome IV: 1307–1317 (Imprimerie Nationale, Paris 1962), pp. 28-30, nos. 22-32 and pp. xix-xx (Gallica BnF reader). He associated his wife in the title and before his death in 1323 enriched Butley Priory with its fine Gatehouse. Lord Ufford, who was summoned as a baron to parliament, had six sons and a daughter, and died in 1316,Calendar of Inquisitions post mortem, VI: Edward II (1910), p. 44, no. 58 (Internet Archive).
Haute was born 1390 in Waddenhall, Kent, the eldest son of Sir Nicholas Haute, MP, of Wadden Hall in Waltham, Kent, and Alice, daughter of Sir Thomas Couen or Cawne of Ightham Mote and his wife Lora (Moraunt).'The Hautes of Ightham Mote - a family with influence', The National Trust website.William's maternal ancestry is described in a suit brought by him in 1418 regarding the advowson of Warehorne: The National Archives (UK), De Banco rolls, 17 Easter 5 Henry V (1418), membranes 306-06a. View original at AALT, images fronts, 0620-21, dorses, 1500-01, fronts, 0622 (AALT). William's mother having died in March 1400, leaving him as her heir,'Inquisition post mortem for Alice, widow [sic] of Nicholas Haut, Knight (Kent)', The National Archives (UK) Discovery Catalogue, ref. C 137/1/8. See J.L. Kirby, Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem: Volume 18, Henry IV (London 1987), pp. 1–20, No. 12 (British History Online, accessed 11 November 2017).
Also see Heresies of the High Middle Ages, a collection of pertinent documents on Western heresies of the High Middle Ages, edited by Walter Wakefield and Austin P. Evans. A landmark in the "institutional history" of the Cathars was the Council, held in 1167 at Saint-Félix-Lauragais, attended by many local figures and also by the Bogomil papa Nicetas, the Cathar bishop of (northern) France and a leader of the Cathars of Lombardy. The Cathars were largely local, Western European/Latin Christian phenomena, springing up in the Rhineland cities (particularly Cologne) in the mid-12th century, northern France around the same time, and particularly the Languedoc—and the northern Italian cities in the mid-late 12th century. In the Languedoc and northern Italy, the Cathars attained their greatest popularity, surviving in the Languedoc, in much reduced form, up to around 1325 and in the Italian cities until the Inquisitions of the 14th century finally extirpated them.
Ridgeway went with them and distinguished himself; and Chichester knighted his eldest son, Robert, at that time sixteen years of age, who had accompanied him. He assisted in the preliminary work of surveying the escheated counties of Ulster preparatory to the plantation, and on 30 November urged on Salisbury the necessity of putting the scheme into execution as speedily as possible. He was thanked by the king for his diligence, but the survey proved defective. On 19 July 1609 a new commission was issued to him and others. On 31 July the commissioners set out from Dublin towards the north, returning about the beginning of October, but it was not until the end of February 1610 that the inquisitions taken by them were drawn up in legal form and the maps properly prepared. Arriving in London about 12 March, Ridgeway had an interview with Salisbury, and handed over to him all the documents connected with the survey.
It is the collective of these communities and their descendants who are known as Western Sephardim, and are the subject of this article. As the early members of the Western Sephardim consisted of persons who themselves (or whose immediate forebears) personally experienced an interim period as New Christians, which resulted in unceasing trials and persecutions of crypto- Judaism by the Portuguese and Spanish Inquisitions, the early community continued to be augmented by further New Christian emigration pouring out of the Iberian Peninsula in a continuous flow between the 1600s to 1700s. Jewish- origin New Christians were officially considered Christians due to their forced or coerced conversions; as such they were subject to the jurisdiction of the Catholic Church's Inquisitorial system, and were subject to harsh heresy and apostasy laws if they continued to practice their ancestral Jewish faith. Those New Christians who eventually fled both the Iberian cultural sphere and jurisdiction of the Inquisition were able to officially return to Judaism and open Jewish practice once they were in their new tolerant environments of refuge.
Calendar of Inquisitions post mortem, 3 James I (Series 2, vol.289, n.76) (quoted by Rogers (1938), p.51, note 6 Dacus held two fees in total from de Pomeroy, as stated in his 1166 return, and the identity of these fees are revealed in the record of the holdings of his descendant Robert le Deneys in the feudal aid of 1285 which shows Pancrasweek forming one, Southwick in Germansweek and Manaton (14 miles north of Berry Pomeroy Castle) forming a half each. In 1285 however Robert le Deneys was holding these manors not from the de Pomeroy barons but from the heirs of Patrick de Chaworth, who was successor in title to Brewer, lord of the manor of Buckland Brewer amongst others, who had himself purchased them from de Pomeroy. The arms adopted by the Devon family of this name at the start of the age of heraldry in about 1200 reflected their supposed origins: Azure, three Danish battle axes or, that is three golden axes on a blue background.
Trained by the Jesuits in Aleppo, Syria, where she grew up, Hindiyya founded a convent in Mount Lebanon but became mired in controversy following the deaths of two nuns, from torture, which occurred in her convent. Heyberger’s book appeared in English translation as Hindiyya, Mystic and Criminal (1720-1798): A Political and Religious Crisis in Lebanon, in 2013; an Arabic edition also appeared in 2010. To write this story of the woman who had an “iron will” for her times, Heyberger drew deeply upon archives in the Propaganda Fide in Rome – including records of inquisitions sent to investigate her – along with Maronite sources from the patriarchate in Bkiriki, Lebanon. Heyberger also wrote two books responding to the major challenges that have faced Middle Eastern Christian communities in the post-9/11 era, especially in light of social upheavals caused by the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003, and, from 2011, the Syrian Civil War. These books are Les Chrétiens au Proche-Orient: De la compassion à la compréhension (2013); and Les Chrétiens d’Orient (2017).
The case was long drawn out and a jury at Stafford finally found in Geoffrey's favour, awarding him 5 marks in damages, although he chose not to press this against the priory, instead pursuing Bickford for restitution. A leadership dispute between Baldwin de Spynale and Gobert de Lapion in the 1330s made the priory particularly vulnerable to secular intervention. Gobert was sent over by the abbot to head the priory, accompanied by another monk, John le Large.Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, volume 2, no. 1458, p. 355. Baldwin was already in place as prior and vindicated his claim in 1334 in the court of Bishop Roger Northburgh, which excommunicated Gobert.Collections for a History of Staffordshire, volume 1, p. 266. Baldwin complained that the Vicar of Lapley and other men had raided his home, stolen all his documents and driven off 40 oxen, 20 cows, 15 bullocks, 15 heifers, and 40 pigs, livestock valued at a total of 100 marks, as well as felling trees and Edward III responded with a commission of oyer and terminer.
Although the caput of the latter Lordship was officially Blaenllynfi Castle, Talgarth was its principal town, and the Lordship was often called The Lordship of Talgarth as a result. The town was in the manor of English Talgarth, there being also a manor of Welsh Talgarth, in which Welsh laws prevailed. The Lordship of Blaenllynfi eventually found its way back to the descendants of the last Welsh princes of Brycheiniog (in the person of Rhys ap Hywel,Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem: Volume 7, Edward III, File 14, entry 177Brecknock in S.Lewis, A Topographical Dictionary of Wales, London, 1849, online versionJohn Burke, A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland, 1833-37, Volume 3, entry for Price, of Castle Madog great-great-great grandfather of Sir Dafydd Gam). Rhys played a significant part in the implementation (though not the planning) of the final coup against Edward II, and consequently Edward's son, Edward III, was not naturally well disposed towards him; the latter dispossessed Rhys' heir, and merged the Lordship of Blaenllynfi back into the Lordship of Brecknock (which, with the Lordship of Buellt, eventually became Brecknockshire, centuries later).

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