The subtle animation with imbricating letters as well as the black background is a modest opening full of mystery.
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But, unlike modern fishes, most thelodont squamation, especially in the cephalopectoral region, was not imbricating.
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Catomeris polymerus small cluster, not crowded. Picture is very clear, showing operculars, shell plates, and whorls of imbricating basal plates.
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Catomerus is characterized by eight primary shell wall plates, with the rostrolatus entering the sheath, a membraneous basis, and up to eight whorls of basal imbricating plates. The imbricating plates are strongly carinate medially, and are reduced in height, extending only partly up the shell wall. The scutum has a well defined lateral depressor muscle depression. The opercular plate and soft part morphology were re-described in detail by Poltarukha, 2006.
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The branchial plume is long. The narrow foot is long, pointed posteriorly, rounded before. Below it is divided longitudinally by a median groove. The rhomboidal jaws are covered with imbricating scales.
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The shell wall of Catophragmus has eight free plates, with no fusion, and all entering the sheath. In contrast to Catolasmus, the other Northern Hemisphere catophragmid genus, imbricating plates extend only partway up the primary shell wall, and have usually four whorls, as opposed to 10. Many specimens have been recovered with few or no accessory plates remaining. 491 As the imbricating whorls are small and apparently deciduous, this is explained as a result of grazing gastropods.
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Second series: Pulmonata. Volume 3. Helicidae - Volume I. page 3–4. The mouth is always provided with a jaw, which is striate, ribbed, sulcate or plicate, sometimes composed of several imbricating pieces.
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E. smaragdinum is a reed-stemmed Epidendrum which produces slender, cane-like stems which show no tendency to swell into pseudobulbs, and which are covered by tubular imbricating sheathes which, on the upper part of the stem, bear alternate leaves. E. smaragdinum stems grow as tall as 0.4 m, and the linear- lanceolate, often red-spotted leaves grow as long as 8 cm. As with other members of E. subg. Amphiglottium, the peduncle grows from the apex of the stem, and is covered with close, imbricating sheathes.
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The subfamily Catomerinae represents Southern Hemisphere Catophragmids. This lineage is characterized by a membraneous basis, carinate imbricating plates, and in lacking caudal appendages. One genus, Catomerus is recognized. It possesses ovigerous frenae, and is thus unique among balanomorphs.
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Like the other members of E. subg. Amphiglottium, E. secundum is a sympodial plant which has thin stems covered from the base with imbricating sheaths which are leaf bearing above, a terminal inflorescence covered at its base with thin imbricating sheaths, and flowers with the lip adnate to the column to its apex. The flowers are non-resupinate (unlike E. ibaguense and E. radicans), can come in shades of lilac, red, orange, or yellow, and feature a notable callus on the fringed trilobate lip. The plant is rather cool-growing and can tolerate a light frost.
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Catophragmus is the originally named genus of the family Catophragmidae. At present, it is monotypical. It is a shallow water acorn barnacle of the Tropical Western Atlantic and Caribbean characterized by small accessory imbricating plates surrounding the base of the shell wall.
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The size of the shell varies between 25 mm and 50 mm. The white, subdepressed, imperforate shell has a conoid shape. The spire is subacute. The six whorls are obliquely finely costulate with numerous prominent imbricating laterally compressed plicae at the sutures.
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Like the other sections of E. subg. Amphiglottium, the members of E. sect. Schistochila are sympodial orchids bearing thin stems with alternate leaves (not pseudobulbs), a long peduncle covered with thin, imbricating sheathes, and a lip adnate to the very end of the column.
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The sculpture : the earlier whorls are strongly radiately plicate below the sutures. The periphery is armed with short, broad, downwardly directed spines becoming obsolete towards the aperture. On the penultimate whorl they number sixteen. Close spiral cords densely beset with imbricating scales cover the surface of the shell.
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Catolasmus is one of two monotypic Catophragmid acorn barnacle genera recognized in the Northern Hemisphere. It is easily identified by its prominent whorls of imbricating plates surrounding the main wall plates. It is quite large, attaining 55 mm diameter. Catolasmus represents one of the relictual lineages of the basal balanomorph radiation.
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Epidendrum ruizianum belongs to the subgenus E. subg. Spathium Lindl., and as such is a sympodial plant with cylindrical, unswollen stems covered with close, imbricating sheathes which bear leaves on the upper part of the stem, and with the apical inflorescence erupting from an enlarged spathe. The stems grow to 90 cm tall.
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Reichenbach describes E. miserrimum as poorer than E. carinatum."Pone E. carinatum (L. F. 191) tenuiculum" and again "Caules tenuiculi ramosuli subflexuosi", H. G. Reichenbach "Orchides" item 243 in C. Müller, Ed. Walpers Annales Botanices Systematicae, Tomus VI p. 381\. Berlin. 1861 The weedy stems grow to 10 cm tall and are surrounded by imbricating foliaceous sheathes.
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The acute, lanceolate leaves grow up to 5 cm long. The few flowered racemose inflorescence grows from the apex of the stem, and is covered with imbricating sheathes. The floral bract is longer than the tiny, green flowers. The sepals are 4 mm long and do not open fully; the linear petals are 3 mm long.
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More to the back, the osteoderms all become square or hexagonal in profile and more strongly imbricating. Above the eye socket the front and rear supraorbitals form a sharp edge, protruding sideways. Deep in each eye socket, a bony plate is present. Similar plates in specimens of Euoplocephalus and Dyoplosaurus were reported by Walter Preston Coombs as bony eyelids.
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E. anceps exhibits a sympodial growth habit, producing closely spacedSchweinfurth "Orchids of Peru" Fieldiana:Botany 30(1960)406–407 reed-like stems up to 5 dm tall (10 dm, according to Correll and Schweinfurth) which are flattened laterally (hence, anceps) and covered by imbricating sheathes which bear leaves on the upper part of the stem. The wide tan-green coriaceous sessile linear-elliptic distichous leaves grow up to 22 cm long by 43 mm wide. The terminal inflorescence is a raceme at the end of a long peduncle covered from its base by close, imbricating sheathes; sometimes additional racemes will arise from the nodes of the peduncle. The flowers typically contain significant amounts of chlorophyll and yellow pigment—these are often accompanied by enough purple pigment to give the flower a dingy, brown color.
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They have paired serial gonads arranged segmentally along the arm. The hyponeural groove is covered by soft integument, which forms a spacious epineural canal that is not closed over by ventral arm plates. The disk is covered by naked or granulated skin, or by imbricating scales. The Oegophiurida are extinct except for a recent species, Ophiocanops fugiens, which has several remarkable features.
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Epidendrum adenoglossum is a sympodial orchid with stems which show no tendency to produce pseudobulbs. The stems are covered with imbricating sheathes, which bear sessile leaves on the upper part of the stem. The fleshy, distichous, linear-oblong obtuse leaves grow up to 15 cm long by 2 cm wide. The elongate, densely many-floweredSchweinfurth: "Orchids of Peru" Fieldiana: Botany 30 p. 405\.
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Each whorl spreads in a broad shelf above, and thence narrows anteriorly. Sculpture:—On the body whorl there are four, and on the earlier two, spiral cords, the topmost running along the angle of the shell. The radials which over-ride these are thin elevated lamellae, commencing at the suture and ending as imbricating scales on the snout. There are sixteen on the body whorl.
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Epidendrum sculptum has hanging cane- like stems, covered in imbricating sheaths. On the part of the stem away from the roots, these sheaths bear alternate, oblong leaves, up to 5 cm long, which are two-lobed at the distal end. The inflorescence is so short that the three flowers appear to be sessile on the apex of the stem.H. G. Reichenbach "Notulae Orchidaceae", Nr. 8.
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Annales Botanices Systematicae 6(1861)365. Berlin. The closely spaced slender stems grow little more than 1 dm tall and are covered from the base by thin, imbricating sheaths. The top two or three of these sheaths bear linear-ligulate leaves which are longer than the stem. The inflorescence is a cylindric raceme bearing many small resupinate purple-spotted flowers subtended by very short linear-acute floral bracts.
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The periphery and the base are well rounded, the latter broadly umbilicated and marked by 10 depressed spiral cords which are truncated posteriorly and slope gently anteriorly. The whole has the appearance of a series of imbricating bands. In addition to these, there are three cords in the umbilicus wider and stronger than those on the base. These cords are crossed by closely spaced riblets which give them a peculiarly notched appearance.
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The Australian plants of H. rarum differ from their New Zealand counterparts with widely spaced pinnae rather than imbricating pale green pinnae. The Sori of the Australian H. rarum are not wholly sunken within the pinnae nor are they bound to the uppermost segments of the uppermost pinnae. Members from the genus Hymenophyllum are all small, thin and delicate. They are either epiphytic plants or rock plants, forming dense patches or mats along rainforest floors.
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Restoration Sclerosaurus is an extinct genus of procolophonid parareptile known from the Early to Middle Triassic of Germany and Switzerland. It contains a single species, Sclerosaurus armatus. It was a fairly small about 30 cm long, distinguished from other known parareptiles by the possession of long, backwardly projecting spikes, rear lower jaw teeth with slightly imbricating crowns, and a narrow band of back armor comprising two or three rows of sculptured osteoderms on either side of the midline. Traditional classifications, e.g.
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The branched stems of this sympodial orchid climb on trees or rock cliffs, and produce roots from the nodes, similar to E. radicans. The stems are covered with sheaths, the bases of the distichous, oblong-obtuse leaves. The terminal inflorescence arises from an obtuse spathe and has a short peduncle clothed in distichous, imbricating sheathes below the raceme of light green flowers, 1–2 cm across. The sepals have three veins which do not reach the apex (hence brevivenium); the linear petals have only one.
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They are white, comparatively thin, usually short and hardly branched. The rhizome is covered by dried imbricating steaths which get increasingly larger at the base of pseudobulb becoming articulated foliar steaths that partially cover them. The pseudobulbs and leaves vary in color from yellowish bright light green to olive green depending on the species and to the amount of sunlight they are exposed to. They may be more oval and laterally highly flattened to slightly tetragonal and elongated and almost always bear two apical leaves.
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E. coriifolium impressed early taxonomists by being glazed over with a shining exudation.H. G. Reichenbach "Orchides" item 308 in C. Müller, Ed. Walpers Annales Botanices Systematicae 6(1861)400. Berlin. A member of E. subg. Epidendrum, this species has stems that do not swell into pseudobulbs, close imbricating sheathes covering the stems from the base to the last regular leaf, terminal inflorescences which emerge from the last regular leaf without being covered by any sheath or spathe, and a lip which is adnate to the column to its apex.
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Fossils of D. bellus have been found at many sites in Florida, including caves, sinkholes, river sites, coastal, and lake deposits. The most frequent type of fossil found are isolated osteoderms. The most common types of osteoderms that have been found are the hexagonal elements, which include most of osteoderms covering the shoulder or pectoral regions. Other types of osteoderms include those covering the pelvic region of the carapace or the so- called buckler or immovable osteoderms and the elongate rectangular elements from the movable bands, the imbricating or movable osteoderms.
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The Chthamalidae are a family of chthamaloid barnacles, living entirely in intertidal/subtidal habitats, characterized by a primary shell wall of eight, six, or four plates, lacking imbricating plate whorls, and either membraneous or more rarely calcareous basis. They are not found below immediate subtidal habitats, and more likely are found in the highest tier of shallow-water barnacle fauna. They can be found in the most rigorous wave-washed locations, and some species are found in the surf zone above high tide mark, only receiving water from wave action at high tide.
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The branched reed-like stems of E. piperinum are covered from the base to apex with imbricating sheaths; on the upper stem, these sheaths terminate in alternate oblong succulent leaves. The very short peduncle is not covered by any sheath or spathe where it emerges from the apex of the stem, and terminates in one small green flower at a time. The 3 mm long filiform petals stand erect alongside the much broader (1 mm) acute-ended 5 mm long dorsal sepal. The keeled ovate-lanceolate lateral sepals diverge narrowly and grow partially under the thick, heart-shaped lip.
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As is typical of E. subg. Spathium, E. armeniacum exhibits a sympodial growth habit with the individual stems showing no tendency to swell into pseudobulbs, imbricating foliaceous sheathes covering the stem, an apical peduncle covered at its base by enlarged foliaceous spathes, and a lip adnate to the column to its apex. The closely spaced, slightly flattened stems bear distichous, narrow, lanceolate, slightly folded, leathery leaves which are darker above than below and pointed at the tip, up to 14 cm long by 1.6 cm wide. The drooping racemose inflorescence bears many small (4–5 mm across) apricot-colored flowers,H.
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Phymatochilum brasiliense presents a large number of robust, long and simple or slightly branched roots shooting from a highly short and robust rhizome which gives birth to aggregated pseudobulbs. The pseudobulbs are erect, smooth and light green when young and later minutely wrinkled and brownish green, very robust and large, which may vary form slightly fusiform to the most common rounded shape although clearly flattened that bears one leaf only At the base the pseudobulbs are protected by four large distichous, carinated, imbricating and subequitant bracts, the longest of them the same length of the pseudobulb.Hooker, William J. (1903). Oncidium phymatochilum in Curtis Botanical Magazine 86(3): 16 t.5214. London.
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Epidendrum fimbriatum produces rather slender stems without any tendency to produce pseudobulbs covered from the base to the last regular leaf with close, tubular imbricating sheaths which, on the upper part of the stem, bear distichous leathery ovate-oblong retuse leaves, up to 66 mm long by 6 mm wide.Schweinfurth "Orchids of Peru", Fieldiana: Botany 30(1959)441—442 The apical inflorescence emerges from the last regular leaf uncovered by either sheath or spathe and terminates (usually) in a single congested raceme with floral bracts that can grow to nearly 1 cm long. The fleshy non-resupinate flowers are white to light rose with purple spots. The lanceolate to elliptic oblong sepals grow to nearly 6 mm long; the narrower petals are somewhat shorter.
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