105 Sentences With "icterus" | Random Sentence Generator

The Puerto Rican oriole (Icterus portoricensis) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae, and genus Icterus or New World blackbirds. This species is a part of a subgroup of orioles (Clade A) that includes the North American orchard oriole, Icterus spurius, and the hooded oriole, Icterus cucullatus. The Puerto Rican oriole was previously grouped with Cuban oriole (Icterus melanopsis), Hispaniolan oriole (Icterus dominicensis), and Bahama oriole (Icterus northropi) as a single species, (Icterus dominicensis). In 2010, all four species became recognized as full species by the American Ornithologists' Union.

In the Pantanal The orange-backed troupial (Icterus croconotus) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is found in Guyana, Brazil, Paraguay, and eastern Ecuador, Bolivia, and Peru. It is closely related to the Venezuelan troupial (Icterus icterus) and Campo troupial (Icterus jamacaii), and at one time, all three were considered to be the same species.

The Saint Lucia oriole (Icterus laudabilis) is a species of bird, in the family Icteridae and genus Icterus (or American Orioles). It is endemic to Saint Lucia.

Adults are black with yellow on their lower belly and shoulder. The closely related Hispaniolan oriole (Icterus dominicensis) and Bahama oriole (Icterus northropi) have more yellow on their bodies, but, the Cuban oriole (Icterus melanopsis) has more black. Juveniles are tawny colored with an olive tint to their rump. Puerto Rican orioles develop their bright colors as they age.

Haemolysis, lipaemia and icterus do not interfere with the assay.

The Bahama oriole (Icterus northropi) is a species of songbird in the New World blackbird family - Icteridae. It is endemic to the Bahamas. It is listed as critically endangered by the IUCN (CR). The taxon was originally classified as its own distinct species in 1890 by Joel Asaph Allen before it was lumped with the Cuban oriole (Icterus melanopsis), Hispaniolan oriole (Icterus dominicensis), and Puerto Rican oriole (Icterus portoricensis) into a single species by the ornithologist James Bond in his book "Birds of the West Indies".

The yellow-backed oriole (Icterus chrysater) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae.

The northern oriole (Icterus galbula), considered a species of North American bird from 1973 to 1995, brought together the eastern Baltimore oriole, Icterus galbula, and the western Bullock's oriole, Icterus bullockii. Observations of interbreeding between the Baltimore and the Bullock's oriole led to this classification as a single species. Research by James Rising, a professor of zoology at the University of Toronto, and others subsequently showed that the two birds did not interbreed significantly.Oriole Name Migrates to Baltimore.

San Andrés, Colombia The Jamaican Oriole (Icterus leucopteryx) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is found in Jamaica and on the Colombian island of San Andrés. It formerly occurred on Grand Cayman in the Cayman Islands but is now extinct there. The species is more closely related to the orioles of the North American mainland, such as the Baltimore oriole (Icterus galbula), and the orange oriole (Icterus auratus) rather than other Caribbean members of the genus.

Sexes are alike. Juvenile birds are olive while immature birds are olive with a black face and throat. The taxon was formerly lumped with Bahama orioles (Icterus northropi), Hispaniolan orioles (Icterus dominicensis), and Puerto Rican orioles (Icterus portoricensis) into a single species known as the Greater Antillean oriole until all four birds were elevated to full species status in 2010. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, and plantations.

There are three subspecies: I. i. icterus, I. i. ridgwayi, and I. i. metai. Individuals of I. i.

Group C contained samples with potential interference, including hemolysis, lactescence, icterus, increased C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and cryoglobulins.

The Venezuelan troupial (Icterus icterus) is the national bird of Venezuela. It is found in Colombia, Venezuela, and the Caribbean islands of Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire, and Puerto Rico. Previously part of a superspecies simply named the troupial, it was recently split together with the orange-backed troupial and Campo troupial.

The Altamira oriole (Icterus gularis) is a New World oriole. The bird is widespread in subtropical lowlands of the Mexican Gulf Coast and northern Central America, the Pacific coast and inland. They have since spread to southern Texas, but this was not until 1939. At and , this is the largest oriole in genus Icterus.

The main findings on physical examination were icteric sclerae and mild skin icterus as well as dark blood in the rectal ampulla.

The Hispaniolan oriole (Icterus dominicensis) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is endemic to Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti).

Immature yellow-backed orioles are easily distinguished from adult females by their olive eye-line. Similar species include the South American yellow oriole (Icterus nigrogularis).

The campo troupial is very similar in appearance to the Venezuelan troupial (Icterus icterus) with which it was at one time thought to be conspecific. It is a robust bird about long with a long tail and a broad beak. It is bright orange apart from a black hood and bib, back, wings and tail. There is an uneven line dividing the bib from the breast.

Slight increases in serum bilirubin can therefore be detected early on by observing yellowing of sclerae. Traditionally referred to as scleral icterus, this term is actually a misnomer because bilirubin deposition technically occurs in the conjunctival membranes overlying the avascular sclera. Thus, the proper term for the yellowing of "white of the eyes" is conjunctival icterus. A much less common sign of jaundice specifically during childhood is yellowish or greenish teeth.

The name is the Latin word for the Eurasian golden oriole. The genus name Icterus as used by classical authors, referred to a bird with yellow or green plumage. Icterus is from Greek ἴκτερος (íkteros, “jaundice”); the ictērus was a bird the sight of which was believed to cure jaundice, perhaps the Eurasian golden oriole.ictĕrus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Hofmann, C., T. Cronin, K. Omland. 2008. Evolution of sexual dichromatism. 1. Convergent losses of elaborate female coloration in New World orioles (Icterus spp.). Auk, 125:778-789.

The tawny color offers a selective advantage to the adolescents since by helping with camouflage in the dense forest. This is likely the ancestral state for the genus Icterus.

North Island Saddleback at Orana Wildlife Park. René Lesson first described the species in 1828 from a specimen collected in the Bay of Islands four years earlier, using the binomial name Icterus rufusater. The specific name rufusater refers to the saddleback's plumage - a combination of the Latin words rufus 'reddish-brown', and ater 'black'. Their placement in the genus Icterus has since been revised, and the two saddleback species are now in their own separate genus, Philesturnus.

The schizonts in the bile duct cause bile duct hyperplasia, and blockage of bile ducts leading to hepatomegaly and hence icterus. Due to liver failure, the abdomen will be distended with fluid.

The term troupial is from French troupiale, from troupe (“troop”), so named because they live in flocks. The Latin name icterus is from Greek ἴκτερος (íkteros, “jaundice”); the icterus was a bird the sight of which was believed to cure jaundice, perhaps the Eurasian golden oriole.ictĕrus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press. It also had the more general meaning "yellow bird", which is why the name was later given to this South American bird.

The orchard oriole (Icterus spurius) is the smallest species of icterid. The subspecies of the Caribbean coast of Mexico, I. s. fuertesi, is sometimes considered a separate species, the ochre oriole or Fuertes's oriole.

The epaulet oriole (Icterus cayanensis) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. The moriche oriole, formerly considered a distinct species (I. chrysocephalus) is now placed herein as a subspecies. The variable oriole, (I.

The term troupial is from French troupiale, from troupe (“troop”), so named because they live in flocks. The Latin name icterus is from Greek ἴκτερος (íkteros, “jaundice”); the icterus was a bird the sight of which was believed to cure jaundice, perhaps the Eurasian golden oriole.ictĕrus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press. It also had the more general meaning "yellow bird", which is why the name was later given to this and other New World orioles.

The black-cowled oriole (Icterus prosthemelas) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is found in the eastern half of mainland Central America. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

"Blood-induced icterus" produced by the release of massive amounts of a coloring material from blood cells followed by the formation of bile was recognized and described by Vanlair and Voltaire Masius' in 1871. About 20 years later, Hayem distinguished between congenital hemolytic anemia and an acquired type of infectious icterus associated with chronic splenomegaly. In 1904, Donath and Landsteiner suggested a serum factor was responsible for hemolysis in paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria. French investigators led by Chauffard stressed the importance of red-cell autoagglutination in patients with acquired hemolytic anemia.

Although still relatively uncommon, the cowbirds regularly parasitize the nests of orioles in developed habitats.Baltz, M. E. 1997. Status of the Black-cowled Oriole (Icterus dominicensis northropi) in the Bahamas. Unpublished report to the Department of Agriculture, Nassau, Bahamas.

The bar-winged oriole (Icterus maculialatus) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.

This ecologically distinct bird was formerly treated as a species Icterus chrysocephalus. It was eventually found to be embedded in the epaulet oriole (I. cayanensis) clade. Thus, for example the AOU since 2005 has lumped the moriche oriole into I. cayanensis.

Prognosis is good, and treatment of this syndrome is usually unnecessary. Most patients are asymptomatic and have normal lifespans. Some neonates present with cholestasis. Hormonal contraceptives and pregnancy may lead to overt jaundice and icterus (yellowing of the eyes and skin).

Bullock's oriole (Icterus bullockii) is a small New World blackbird. At one time, this species and the Baltimore oriole were considered to be a single species, the northern oriole. This bird is named after William Bullock, an English amateur naturalist.

The Baltimore oriole (Icterus galbula) is a small icterid blackbird common in eastern North America as a migratory breeding bird. It received its name from the resemblance of the male's colors to those on the coat-of-arms of Lord Baltimore. Observations of interbreeding between the Baltimore oriole and the western Bullock's oriole, Icterus bullockii, led to both being classified as a single species, called the northern oriole, from 1973 to 1995. Research by James Rising, a professor of zoology at the University of Toronto, and others showed that the two birds actually did not interbreed significantly.

February 2015. Accessed 4 October 2018. These are also at the Punta Cucharas western end of the bay: Puerto Rican oriole (Icterus portoricensis), brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), Puerto Rican vireo (Vireo latimeri), and white- cheeked pintail (Anas bahamensis).

The black-backed oriole (Icterus abeillei) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is endemic to Mexico. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, but it is also found in cities.

The white-edged oriole (Icterus graceannae) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is primarily a canopy dweller.

Evolution of sexual dichromatism. 1. convergent losses of elaborate female coloration in New World orioles (Icterus spp.).Auk, 125: 778-789. This means that males and females both have elaborate colors, in contrast many temperate-zoned birds have brightly colored males and dull colored females.

Clinically affected dogs present with splenomegaly, icterus, anemia and thrombocytopenia.Paim FC et al (2013) Serum proteinogram, acute phase proteins and immunoglobulins in dogs experimentally infected with Rangelia vitalii. Vet Parasitol 192(1-3):137-142 Many dogs may succumb to infection without veterinary intervention.

Yellowish discoloration of the whites of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes caused by deposition of bilirubin in these tissues. It occurs as a symptom of various diseases, such as hepatitis, that affect the processing of bile. Also called Icterus. Doctors would test by using their vision.

The main birds found at Monte Choca State Forest are Vireo latimeri, Icterus dominicensis, Melanerpes portorricensis, Todus mexicanus, Saurothera vieilloti, Zenaida aurita. Amphibians found here are Bufo marinus and Leptodactylus albilabris. Reptiles found here are Anolis pulchellus, Ameiva exsul, Amphisbaena caeca, Alsophis portoricensis, and Epicrates inornatus.

Signs include weight loss, weakness, sleepiness, yawning, incoordination, yellowish discoloration to mucous membranes (icterus), neurologic problems secondary to liver failure (aimless walking, chewing motions, head pressing). Animals may appear to be normal at first, then become suddenly affected; the syndrome progresses rapidly over a few days to a week.

Neonatal isoerythrolysis, also known as hemolytic icterus or hemolytic anemia, is a disease most commonly seen in kittens and foals, but has also been reported in puppies. It occurs when the mother has antibodies against the blood type of the newborn. A 7 day old foal with neonatal isoerythrolysis.

Adult bird showing yellow patches The Cuban oriole (Icterus melanopsis) is a species of songbird in the family Icteridae. It is endemic to Cuba. Adults measure long with a 10 cm (3.9 in) wing length. They are black with yellow patches on the shoulders, underwings, rump and undertail.

The orange oriole (Icterus auratus) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is found in the Yucatán Peninsula and far northern Belize. The male has a bright orange hood and a black bib. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and heavily degraded former forest.

The black-vented oriole (Icterus wagleri) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and the United States. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.

Genus Icterus in the West Indies. Ornitologia Neotropical, 16: 449-470. In 2008, Hofmann, Cronin, and Omland, conducted a study that showed there is little color difference in the feathers between the males and females of many tropical orioles, including the Puerto Rican oriole.Hofmann, C., T. Cronin, K. Omland. 2008.

The streak-backed oriole (Icterus pustulatus) is a medium-sized species of passerine bird from the icterid family (the same family as many blackbirds, meadowlarks, cowbirds, grackles, and others, including the New World orioles). It is native to Central America and Mexico and is an occasional visitor to the United States.

The Hispaniolan oriole breeding season is from March to June, although it can breed irregularly at other times of the year.Garrido, O., J. Wiley, A. Kirkconnell. 2005. Genus Icterus in the West Indies. Ornitologia Neotropical, 16:449-470 The eggs are white, with a pale blue hue, and have dark brown spots.

The moriche oriole (Icterus cayanensis chrysocephalus) is a passerine bird in the New World family Icteridae. It is unrelated to Old World orioles (family Oriolidae). It is a breeding resident in the tropics of eastern South America. This bird is noted for its close association with the palm Mauritia flexuosa (moriche, buriti, ita, ité, etc.).

Signs of disease seen on blood work include hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased or decreased white blood cell numbers, icterus, and elevated liver enzymes. Death usually follows the onset of clinical signs within a few days. However, more recent studies show not all cats develop clinical signs after infection, and some cats survive the infection.

In 1941, Group O: a patient of Dr. Paul in Irvington, NJ, delivered a normal infant in 1931: this pregnancy was followed by a long period of sterility. The second pregnancy (April, 1941) resulted in an infant suffering icterus gravis. In May 1941, the third anti-Rh serum (M.S.) of Group O became available.

The Martinique oriole (Icterus bonana) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is endemic to Martinique, French West Indies. Martinique is a part of the Lesser Antilles, and is located in the Eastern Caribbean. The orioles' habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, and plantations.

The variable oriole (Icterus pyrrhopterus) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It was formerly considered to be conspecific with the epaulet oriole. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical swamps, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and heavily degraded former forest.

A biography of a famous German gynecologist Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 1990 Apr;50(4):326–334. Among his better known publications were works on ovarian pathology, uterine tumors and the formation of carcinomas following ovariotomy.Hans Hermann Johannes Pfannenstiel @ Who Named It In 1908 he was the first physician to give a comprehensive description of familial icterus gravis neonatorum.

Status of the volcanically threatened Montserrat Oriole Icterus oberi and other forest birds in Montserrat, West Indies. Bird Conservation International, 9(4), 351-372. doi:10.1017/S095927090000352X But between 1997 and 2003, the population declined very rapidly. Thankfully, later surveys discovered a remnant population occupying an area of just one to two square kilometres in the South Soufrière hills.

The nominate form of the yellow- shouldered blackbird (A. x. xanthomus) was first described from Puerto Rico and Vieques in 1862 by Philip Sclater as Icterus xanthomus. The species is closely related to, and possibly derived from, the red-winged blackbird (Agelaius pheoniceus). The tawny-shouldered blackbird (Agelaius humeralis), a species from Cuba and Haiti, is morphologically intermediate between A. xanthomus and A. humeralis.

In India the critically endangered pygmy hog is successfully breeding in a centre designed and built by the Trust. The Trust has also provided a safety net for two species living on the Caribbean island of Montserrat where a volcano erupted in 1995. The country's national bird, the Montserrat oriole (Icterus oberi), and the giant ditch frog (Leptodactylus fallax), are now living and breeding successfully in Jersey.

Population status and breeding ecology of the Bahama Oriole (Icterus dominicensis northropi). Pg. 75 in the COS/AOU/SCO Meeting Abstracts Also, in developed areas orioles frequently nest in Coconut Palm (Cocos nucifera), which are dying off because of lethal yellowing disease brought in with introduced palms.Price, M. R., V. Robinette, and W. K. Hayes. 2010. Population status and breeding ecology of the Bahama Oriole (Icterus dominicensis northropi). Pg. 75 in the COS/AOU/SCO Meeting Abstracts As of 2017, lethal yellowing disease has not spread to Mangrove Cay or South Andros. The bigger threats, however, are continued habitat loss from human development, introduced predators (including cats, rats, dogs and hogs) and stochastic processes that, because of the oriole's small population size, increase the risk of extinction. It is also important to conserve the pine forests because it is known that they serve as important habitats for orioles.

Icterus graceannae was named in 1867 by naturalist John Cassin in honor of his protege, pioneer American female ornithologist Graceanna Lewis."A Field Guide to American Ornithology in the Delaware Valley 1699-1900: Graceanna Lewis (1821-1912) in the Delaware Valley," Delaware Valley Ornithology Club, www.dvoc.org/ His description of the species first appeared in print in the Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, published in Philadelphia in 1867.

The campo troupial or campo oriole (Icterus jamacaii) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae that is found in northeastern Brazil. At one time thought to be conspecific with the Venezuelan troupial and orange-backed troupial, it is now accepted as a separate species. It is a fairly common bird and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated it as a "least- concern species".

The national bird is the endemic Montserrat oriole (Icterus oberi). The IUCN Red List classifies it as vulnerable, having previously listed it as critically endangered. Captive populations are held in several zoos in the UK including: Chester Zoo, London Zoo, Jersey Zoo and Edinburgh Zoo. The Montserrat galliwasp (Diploglossus montisserrati), a type of lizard, is endemic to Montserrat and is listed on the IUCN Red List as critically endangered.

Mammals present in this ecoregion include the Mexican prairie dog (Cynomys mexicanus), Saussure's shrew (Sorex saussurei), yellow-faced pocket gopher (Pappogeomys castanops), Allen's squirrel (Sciurus alleni), collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) and coyote (Canis latrans). Birds such as the burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia), hooded oriole (Icterus cucullates), eastern meadowlark (Sturnella magna), long-billed thrasher (Toxostoma longirostre), hooded yellowthroat (Geothlypis nelsoni), blue bunting (Cyanocompsa parellina) and olive sparrow (Arremonops rufivirgatus) are resident.

Stonko, D.C., L.E. Rolle, L.S. Smith, A.L. Scarselletta, J.L. Christhilf, M.G. Rowley, S.S. Yates, S. Cant-Woodside, L. Brace, S.B. Johnson, and K.E. Omland. 2018. New documentation of pine forest nesting by the Critically Endangered Bahama Oriole (Icterus northropi). Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 31:1–5. Since there has been no published population assessment, there is a possibility that the Hispaniolan oriole can be found nesting in pine forests.

Adenylate kinase deficiency in the erythrocyte is associated with hemolytic anemia. This is a rare hereditary erythroenzymopathy that, in some cases, is associated with mental retardation and psychomotor impairment. At least two patients have exhibited neonatal icterus and splenomegaly and required blood transfusions due to this deficiency. In another patient, an abnormal fragment with homozygous and heterozygous A-->G substitutions at codon 164 caused severe erythrocyte ADK deficiency.

Yellow-backed orioles are monogamous; like many species of the genus Icterus, they breed once a year with a single mate. The nests of this species are shallow, dangling baskets that are usually hung from the edge of a tree limb. Members of this species appear to prefer to attach nests to the tips of palm fronds. Nests are usually woven of fine grasses, giving them a springy texture (Wetmore et al. 1984).

The spot-breasted oriole (Icterus pectoralis) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is a mid-sized songbird and generally typical oriole. It is bright orange overall with a black bib and black spotting on the sides of the breast. The sexes are similar looking generally but females and juveniles are olive-green on the back and tail, dusky wings, and little or no black on face, throat, or breast.

Fuertes's parrot, named after Louis Agassiz Fuertes Fuertes is commemorated by two species. One is a species named by his colleague Frank Chapman as Icterus fuertesi, although it is now considered a subspecies of the orchard oriole. The other, Fuertes's parrot, or Hapalopsittaca fuertesi, was rediscovered in 2002 after 91 years of presumed extinction. In 1927, the Boy Scouts of America made Fuertes an Honorary Scout, a new category of Scout created that same year.

New World orioles are a group of birds in the genus Icterus of the blackbird family. Unrelated to Old World orioles of the family Oriolidae, they are strikingly similar in size, diet, behavior, and strongly contrasting plumage, a good example of convergent evolution. As a result, the two have been given the same vernacular name. Males are typically black and vibrant yellow or orange with white markings, females and immature birds duller.

Leukopenia and liver-damage of the cholestatic type with or without jaundice (icterus) have additionally been seen; the original manufacturer Roche recommends regular laboratory examinations to be performed routinely. Ambulatory patients should be warned that bromazepam may impair the ability to drive vehicles and to operate machinery. The impairment is worsened by consumption of alcohol, because both act as central nervous system depressants. During the course of therapy, tolerance to the sedative effect usually develops.

Retrieved on 2012-08-23.ADW: Icterus galbula: INFORMATION. Animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu. Retrieved on 2012-08-23.Baltimore Orioles, Baltimore Oriole Pictures, Baltimore Oriole Facts – National Geographic. Animals.nationalgeographic.com. Retrieved on 2012-08-23. Adults always have white bars on the wings. The adult male is orange on the underparts shoulder patch and rump, with some birds appearing a very deep flaming orange and others appearing yellowish-orange. All of the rest of the male's plumage is black.

The genus name Hippolais is from Ancient Greek hupolais, as misspelt by Linnaeus. It referred to a small bird mentioned by Aristotle and others and may be onomatopoeic or derived from hupo,"under", and laas, "stone". The specific icterina is Greek for "jaundice-yellow". Icterus was an old word for jaundice, and also referred to a yellowish-green bird, perhaps the golden oriole, the sight of which was believed to cure the disease.

The Hispaniolan oriole is a slender-billed black and yellow oriole that lacks white markings on the wings. It shows more yellow than most Caribbean orioles, except for the Bahama oriole (Icterus northropi). The adult males and females are black overall, with distinctive yellow patches on shoulders, rump, and under-tail coverts extending to the lower breast. Like most tropical oriole species, the females are similar or identical to the males in coloring.

Passerine birds which occur here and are rare for Costa Rica are the yellow- tailed oriole (Icterus mesomelas), tawny-chested flycatcher (Aphanotriccus capitalis), lovely cotinga (Cotinga amabilis), strong-billed woodcreeper (Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus); the mid-elevation brown-billed scythebill (Campylorhamphus pusillus) and long-tailed woodcreeper (Deconychura longicauda); the speckled mourner (Laniocera rufescens), Piprites griseiceps, Carpodectes nitidus and Lanio leucothorax at lower altitudes; and the three- wattled bellbird (Procnias tricarunculatus) and bare-necked umbrellabird (Cephalopterus glabricollis) usually found at higher altitudes.

In 1868 he was appointed professor of therapy to the medical faculty in Paris, maintaining this position until his death in 1879. Gubler made a number of contributions in the fields of medicine and pharmacology. He is credited with being the first physician to differentiate between hemotogenous and hepatogenous icterus. His name is associated with "Millard- Gubler syndrome", a condition characterized by softening of brain tissue that is caused by blockage of blood vessels of the pons.

Audubon's oriole (Icterus graduacauda), formerly known as the black-headed oriole, is a New World passerine inhabiting the forests and thickets of southeastern Texas and the Mexican coast. It is the only species to have a black hood and yellow body. It is divided into four subspecies and two allopatric breeding ranges. The westernmost range extends from Nayarit south to southern Oaxaca, whereas the eastern range stretches from the lower Rio Grande valley to northern Querétaro.

There is a rapid onset of clinical signs over the period of 2–7 days, beginning with anorexia, lethargy, and hyperbilirubinemia (icterus and discolored urine). Signs of hepatic encephalopathy (ataxia, blindness, aggression, and coma) and fever can also occur. Other signs include photodermatitis, hemorrhagic diathesis, dependent edema, and colic. The reason for colic is unknown, but is thought to be due to rapid decrease in the size of the liver, and the increased risk of gastric impaction.

Like all New World orioles, this species is named after an unrelated, physically similar family found in the Old World: the Oriolidae. "Oriole" ultimately derives from Latin aureolus, "golden". The genus name Icterus is from Ancient Greek ikteros, a yellow bird, usually taken to be the Eurasian golden oriole, the sight of which was thought to cure jaundice. The specific galbula is the Latin name for a yellow bird, again usually assumed to be the golden oriole.

Although lyme disease can debilitate individual wolves, it does not appear to significantly affect wolf populations. Leptospirosis can be contracted through contact with infected prey or urine, and can cause fever, anorexia, vomiting, anemia, hematuria, icterus, and death. Wolves living near farms are more vulnerable to the disease than those living in the wilderness, probably because of prolonged contact with infected domestic animal waste. Wolves may catch tularemia from lagomorph prey, though its effect on wolves is unknown.

Species nesting in areas with cold winters are strongly migratory, while subtropical and tropical species are more sedentary. The name "oriole" was first recorded (in the Latin form oriolus) by Albertus Magnus in about 1250, which he stated to be onomatopoeic, from the song of the European golden oriole. One of the species in the genus, Bahama oriole, is critically endangered. The genus Icterus was introduced by the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760 with the Venezuelan troupial as the type species.

Endangered amphibians include phantasmal poison frog (Epipedobates tricolor). There are 14 orders of birds, with significant endemism. Bird species include El Oro parakeet (Pyrrhura orcesi) and white-edged oriole (Icterus graceannae). Endangered birds include grey- cheeked parakeet (Brotogeris pyrrhoptera), grey-backed hawk (Pseudastur occidentalis), rufous flycatcher (Myiarchus semirufus), slaty becard (Pachyramphus spodiurus), white-winged guan (Penelope albipennis), Peruvian plantcutter (Phytotoma raimondii), El Oro parakeet (Pyrrhura orcesi), yellow- bellied seedeater (Sporophila nigricollis), Peruvian tern (Sternula lorata) and blackish-headed spinetail (Synallaxis tithys).

In bovine species, the organism causes hemolytic anemia, so an infected animal shows pale mucous membranes initially. As the levels of bilirubin (a byproduct of red blood cell lysis) continue to increase, the visible mucous membranes become yellow in color (icterus) due to the failure of the liver to metabolize the excess bilirubin. Hemoglobinuria is seen due to excretion of red-blood-cell lysis byproducts via the kidneys. Fever of 40.5 °C (105 °F) develops due to release of inflammatory byproducts.

The yellow oriole (Icterus nigrogularis) is a passerine bird in the family Icteridae. It should not be confused with the green oriole, sometimes alternatively called the Australasian yellow oriole, Oriolus flavocinctus, which is an Old world oriole. The yellow oriole is also called the 'plantain' and 'small corn bird', and in Venezuela it is known as 'gonzalito'. It breeds in northern South America in Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, the Guianas and parts of northern Brazil, (northern Roraima state, and eastern Amapá).

Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and whites of the eyes due to high bilirubin levels. Jaundice in adults is typically a sign indicating the presence of underlying diseases involving abnormal heme metabolism, liver dysfunction, or biliary-tract obstruction. The prevalence of jaundice in adults is rare, while jaundice in babies is common with an estimated 80% affected during their first week of life. The most commonly associated symptoms of jaundice are itchiness, pale feces, and dark urine.

Signs of hemolytic disease of the newborn include a positive direct Coombs test (also called direct agglutination test), elevated cord bilirubin levels, and hemolytic anemia. It is possible for a newborn with this disease to have neutropenia and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia as well. Hemolysis leads to elevated bilirubin levels. After delivery bilirubin is no longer cleared (via the placenta) from the neonate's blood and the symptoms of jaundice (yellowish skin and yellow discoloration of the whites of the eyes, or icterus) increase within 24 hours after birth.

This species has a clear, whistling voice, with a song resembling that of Spot-breasted orioles (Icterus pectoralis). The song generally consists of a series of clear notes, but it acquires a muddy, warbled quality among populations native to southern Central America. Both sexes are known to sing, which appears to be common to orioles that breed in tropical climates. Vocalizations are generally delivered from perches high in trees. The most commonly used call has been described as a “nasal ‘chert’”, but other calls include a “whistling chatter” and a “nasal alarm”.

It differs from the Venezuelan troupial in having only a small patch of white on its wings and hardly any bluish skin around its eye, and it has orange epaulettes on its shoulders whereas the Venezuelan bird does not. It could also be confused with the orange-backed troupial (Icterus croconotus), with which it was also once considered conspecific, but that species has an orange head apart from a patch of black on its forehead, a sharp dividing line between its bib and its breast, and rather more orange on its back.

A 4-year-old boy with icteral sclerae due to G6PD deficiency The most common signs of jaundice in adults are a yellowish discoloration of the white area of the eye (sclera) and skin with scleral icterus presence indicating a serum bilirubin of at least 3 mg/dl. Other common signs include dark urine (bilirubinuria) and pale,(acholia) fatty stool (steatorrhea). Because bilirubin is a skin irritant, jaundice is commonly associated with severe itchiness. Eye conjunctiva have a particularly high affinity for bilirubin deposition due to high elastin content.

Most infected cats have been healthy before a very sudden onset of severe disease. The course of clinical disease is often swift with clinical signs of lethargy and inappetence within 5 to 20 days after the tick bite. Cats develop a high fever, but the temperature may become low before death. Other clinical findings can be: dehydration, icterus (jaundice), enlarged liver and spleen, lymphadenopathy, pale mucus membranes, respiratory distress, tachycardia or bradycardia, and tick infestation (although ticks are not often found on infected cats since cats typically groom ticks off their fur).

Native mammals include white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), coyote (Canis latrans), collared peccary (Pecari tajacu), nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana), southern spotted skunk (Spilogale angustifrons), Mexican cottontail (Sylvilagus cunicularius), desert cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii), and rock squirrel (Otospermophilus variegatus). Native birds include great-tailed grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus), mourning dove (Zenaida macroura), Stygian owl (Asio stygius), red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), northern harrier (Circus cyaneus), prairie falcon (Falco mexicanus), Harris's hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus), barn owl (Tyto alba), hooded oriole (Icterus cucullatus), and common raven (Corvus corax).

The most common form of systemic involvement is cholangitis, which occurs in up to 80 percent of cases of Type 1 AIP. Additional manifestations include inflammation in the salivary glands (Sjögren syndrome), in the lungs resulting in scarring (pulmonary fibrosis) and nodules, scarring within the chest cavity (mediastinal fibrosis) or in the anatomic space behind the abdomen (retroperitoneal fibrosis) and inflammation in the kidneys (tubulointerstitial nephritis). AIP is characterized by the following features: # Scleral Icterus (yellow eyes), jaundice (yellow skin) which is usually painless, usually without acute attacks of pancreatitis. # Relatively mild symptoms, such as minimal weight loss or nausea.

He became an assistant to Professor John Smith, the foundation professor of chemistry and experimental physics at the University of Sydney at its original site near Hyde Park, now occupied by Sydney Grammar School and established what became the Sydney Museum next door. He earned an M.D. in 1857 presenting the thesis "On the icterus neonatorum" and F.R.C.S. in 1858 at the University of Edinburgh. He was registered as a medical practitioner in New South Wales in February 1859 and developed a lucrative private practice in Sydney. Cox retained an interest in nature all his life.

This has resulted in the high species richness observed within the area. The majority of the species are lowland broadleaf forest generalists, found throughout much of Belize. The floodplain of Bladen Branch also attracts many of the riverine, forest edge and gallery forest species, such as the bare-throated tiger heron (Tigrisoma mexicanum), the shy agami heron (Agamia agami) and Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata), the white-necked jacobin (Florisuga mellivora) and yellow- tailed oriole (Icterus mesomelas). Other species closely associated with water have also been recorded – the various kingfishers, spotted sandpiper (Actitis macularia) and the two species of waterthrush.

There are many green iguanas (Iguana iguana) and tegus lizards (Tupinambis genus). Endangered amphibians include the demonic poison frog (Minyobates steyermarki). 631 species of birds have been recorded, including white-cheeked pintail (Anas bahamensis), aplomado falcon (Falco femoralis), brown-throated parakeet (Eupsittula pertinax), pavonine cuckoo (Dromococcyx pavoninus), Middle American screech owl (Megascops guatemalae), burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia), emeralds and hummingbirds in the Amazilia genus, chestnut-tipped toucanet (Aulacorhynchus derbianus), smoke-colored pewee (Contopus fumigatus), orange-crowned oriole (Icterus auricapillus), grey seedeater (Sporophila intermedia), two-banded warbler (Myiothlypis bivittata) and black-backed water tyrant (Fluvicola albiventer). Endangered birds include the yellow-bellied seedeater (Sporophila nigricollis).

Some plant and animal species use cardenolides as defense mechanisms, notably the milkweed butterflies. Species such as the monarch, queen, and plain tiger ingest the cardenolides contained in the milkweeds (Asclepias) that they mostly feed on and sequester as larvae for defense as adults. The cardenolide content in butterflies deters most vertebrate predators, except a few which have evolved to become cardenolide-tolerant, such as the black-backed orioles (Icterus abeillei Lesson) and black-headed grosbeaks (Pheucticus melanocephalus Swainson) that account for 60% of monarch butterfly mortalities in the overwintering sites in central Mexico. In addition to milkweeds and other members of the Apocynaceae, plants in at least 12 botanical families have convergently evolved cardenolides.

The Montserrat oriole (Icterus oberi) is a medium-sized black-and-yellow icterid (the same family as many blackbirds, meadowlarks, cowbirds, grackles, and others, including the New World orioles) endemic to the island of Montserrat. It inhabits the Centre Hills and South Soufriere Hills Important Bird Areas on the island of Montserrat in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies, and is the national bird of this British territory. It is threatened by habitat loss, and was classified by BirdLife International as Critically Endangered, with a current estimated population of between 200 and 800. Much of its habitat was destroyed by deforestation, Hurricane Hugo and the volcanic activity between 1995 and 1997.

Earliest official adoption: 1901 The team's nickname is taken from the Baltimore oriole (Icterus galbula), a small blackbird of the passerine family of fowl in the eastern United States. The bird received its name in about 1808 from the fact that the male's colors resembled those on the coat of arms of Sir George Calvert (1579-1632), the first Lord Baltimore, who was senior of the Calvert family that established the Province of Maryland colony in the 17th century. The Baltimore oriole is also the state bird symbol of modern Maryland. Most of the professional baseball (and a few other sports) teams in Baltimore have been dubbed the "Orioles", with a few exceptions. The earliest Baltimore clubs, in the early 1870s, were called "Lord Baltimore" and "Maryland" respectively.

Yellowing of the skin (jaundice) and eyes (scleral icterus). The most common physical indications of cholangiocarcinoma are abnormal liver function tests, jaundice (yellowing of the eyes and skin occurring when bile ducts are blocked by tumor), abdominal pain (30–50%), generalized itching (66%), weight loss (30–50%), fever (up to 20%), and changes in the color of stool or urine.Bile duct cancer: cause and treatment To some extent, the symptoms depend upon the location of the tumor: people with cholangiocarcinoma in the extrahepatic bile ducts (outside the liver) are more likely to have jaundice, while those with tumors of the bile ducts within the liver more often have pain without jaundice. Blood tests of liver function in people with cholangiocarcinoma often reveal a so-called "obstructive picture", with elevated bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl transferase levels, and relatively normal transaminase levels.

There are also a myriad of birds that are part of the fauna; Most of them are targeted by breeders and collectors, favoring the trafficking of these animals. Among the most common and well-known are: canary, quail, partridge, northeastern cardinal (Paroaria dominicana), Caatinga bacural (Chordeiles pusillus), canan crow (Cyanocorax cyanopogon), mustache(Sporophila lineola), cowgirl-heron (Bubulcus ibis), Great Blue Heron (Casmerdius albus), garrincha (Thryothorus genibarbis), seriema (Cariama cristata), fire sanhaço (Piranga flava), blackbird or coqui (Gnorimopsar chopi ), white anu (Guira guira), black anu (Crotophaga ani), woodpecker (Dryocopus lineatus), crack iron (Saltador simillis), vi-vi or fim-fim (Euphonia clorotica) Caatinga (Aratinga cactorum), sofrê (Icterus jamacaii), canary of the kingdom, canary of the earth, sabiá and many others. Due to size, quail and partridge are hunted constantly inside the municipality. The species of amphibians and reptiles present in the local fauna are small animals, like calango (Tropidurus torquatus).

The painting dates from Caravaggio's first years in Rome following his arrival from his native Milan in mid-1592. Sources for this period are inconclusive and probably inaccurate, but they agree that at one point the artist fell extremely ill and spent six months in the hospital of Santa Maria della Consolazione. According to a 2009 article in the American medical publication Clinical Infectious Diseases, the painting indicates that Caravaggio's physical ailment likely involved malaria, as the jaundiced appearance of the skin and the icterus in the eyes are indications of some active hepatic disease causing high levels of bilirubin. According to Paolo Zamboni professor of Vascular Surgery at University of Ferrara, the obvious signs of anemia, brown skin, and acanthosis nigricans lead back to the diagnosis in painting of Addison's disease, a condition described by Addison in the 1800s that affects the adrenal glands.

Another women who influenced and inspired Lewis was her friend Mary Townsend, the sister of John Kirk Townsend. Mary had written a book on insects and Lewis expressed a wish to emulate her. During the 1850s Lewis moved to Philadelphia, where she worked closely with a small circle of Quakers who were active in the natural sciences. These included Ezra Michener and Vincent Bernard. She met one of America's leading ornithologists, John Cassin of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, in 1862 and studied ornithology at an advanced level under his tutorship for the next half decade. In 1867 Cassin honored his protege with the naming of Icterus graceannae, the White-edged Oriole in Lewis's honor."A Field Guide to American Ornithology in the Delaware Valley 1699–1900: Graceanna Lewis (1821–1912) in the Delaware Valley," Delaware Valley Ornithology Club, www.dvoc.org/ From the middle of the 1860s Lewis began to give private lectures on the field of ornithology in Philadelphia.