Nicknames (sometimes called hypocoristic names) are informal names used mostly between friends.
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In German, a "Dackel", or Dachshund, is often named Waldi, a hypocoristic form of Waldmann.
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Three feminine forms have been derived from Llywelyn - Llywela, Llewellanne, Loella and Louella- as well as two hypocoristic forms, Llelo and Llela (usually considered male and female, respectively). The hypocoristic forms are always pronounced (and sometimes spelt) with an initial [l], rather than with the alveolar fricative represented in Welsh by ll.
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Uuen (Wen) or Eogán in Gaelic (commonly referred to by the hypocoristic Eóganán) was king of the Picts 837-839.
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South and East Slavic and Baltic languages have Sofija (Софија), Sofiya (София) and Sofya (Софья). West Slavic (Polish and Czech-Slovak) introduced a voiced sibilant, Zofia, Žofia, Žofie. French has the (disyllabic) hypocoristic Sophie, which was also introduced in German, Dutch/Flemish, English and Scandinavian in the spelling Sofie. A Dutch hypocoristic is Sofieke.
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A hypocoristic is a nickname of affection between those in love or with a close emotional bond. "Moniker" is a synonym.
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The short form of Alan is Al. which cited: This name is a short form of numerous other etymologically unrelated names that begin with this syllable. Note also the Cornish hypocoristic form Talan.
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"Corvulus" literally means "little raven" in Latin, so this may have been a hypocoristic or Latinization for the Duke's real birth name (as a likely ethnic Lombard who assimilated to Italo-Roman culture).
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Mia is a female given name, originating as a hypocoristic of various unrelated names. Mia means 'my', 'mine', or 'bitter'. It is usually derived from the name Maria and its variants (Miriam, Maryam, Mary), but it is reportedly also used as a hypocoristic of names such as Amalia, Amelia, Emilia, Emily or Maya. The name has been popularly associated with the Italian word and the Spanish word , both meaning 'mine', and also recognized as a derivation from the Slavic word , meaning "dear, darling".
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Misha is a diminutive of the Russian name Михаил (Mikhail). A hypocoristic of Michael, its English-language equivalent would be Mike. Non-Russian usages sometimes have it as a female name, and sometimes as Mischa.
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The Basque-speaking territories (the Basque Autonomous Community and Navarre) follow Spanish naming customs (given names + two family names, the two family names being usually the father's and the mother's). The given names are officially in one language (Basque or Spanish) but often people use a translated or shortened version. A bilingual Basque-Spanish speaker will not necessarily bear a Basque name, and a monolingual Spanish speaker can use a Basque name or a Basque hypocoristic of an official Spanish name; e.g. a Francisco (official Spanish name) may be known as Patxi (Basque hypocoristic).
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These typically have a hypocoristic form such as Peggy Sue and may include a male element such as Billie Jean. Double names are also common among Vietnamese names, especially in combination with . For example, has the given name .
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Lora is a female given name and family name in the Spanish language of French origin. As a given name, Lora may also be a variant of Laura or derived from an Italian hypocoristic of either Eleonora or Loredana.
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Polyushko-polye () is a Soviet Russian-language song. Polye means "field" in Russian, "polyushko" is a diminutive/hypocoristic form for "polye". It is also known as Meadowlands, Song of The Plains, Cavalry of the Steppes or Oh Fields, My Fields in English.
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Liverios Gerakaris, more commonly known by the hypocoristic Limberakis, (; c. 1644 - 1710) was a Maniot pirate who later became Bey of Mani. Limberakis Gerakaris was born in Mani in around 1644. He served as a rower in a Venetian galley before becoming a pirate.
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Haimo, also spelled Hamo, Heimo, Hamon, Haim, Haym, Heym, Aymo, Aimo, etc., is a masculine given name of Germanic origin. The Old French forms are Haimon, Aymon, Aimon, Aymes. It is a hypocoristic form of various Germanic names beginning with the radical haim-, meaning "home".
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Abdulah Sidran (born 2 October 1944), often referred to by his hypocoristic nickname Avdo, is a Bosnian poet and screenwriter. He is best known for writing the poetry book Sarajevski Tabut and the scripts for When Father Was Away on Business and Do You Remember Dolly Bell?.
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16 June 2015 The term stems from "grey" (the colour) plus "malkin", an archaic term with several meanings (a low class woman, a weakling, a mop, or a name) derived from a hypocoristic form of the female name Maud."malkin, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, September 2014. Web.
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The name Gabas is derived from the French gave (Gascon: 'gabe'), which in the Pyrenees generically describes a small or large watercourse. The river was known as the fluvius gavasensis in 982.cartulary of Saint-Sever. A tributary of the Léez is named the Gabassot, a hypocoristic of Gabas.
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Philip has many alternative spellings. One derivation often used as a surname is Phillips. It was also found during ancient Greek times with two Ps as Philippides and Philippos. It has many diminutive (or even hypocoristic) forms including Phil, Filip, Philly, Lip, Pip, Pep or Peps, and Pippo.
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19th-century postcard showing Korrigans. In Breton folklore, a Korrigan () is a fairy or dwarf-like spirit. The word korrigan means "small-dwarf" (korr means dwarf, ig is a diminutive and the suffix an is a hypocoristic). It is closely related to the Cornish word korrik which means gnome.
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' or ' is an early Irish male name, which also has the hypocoristic and diminutive forms ', ', ' and '. In more modern forms of Irish it is written as ' or ' (/'oːəun/). In Scottish Gaelic the name is Eòghann or Eòghan. All of the above are often anglicised as Ewen or, less often, Owen.
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She also married a man named Drostam, the hypocoristic form of the common name Drest or Drust, with whom she had a son named Talorc or Talorcan; Talorcan, again, is a hypocoristic form. Drostan and Der-Ilei may have been the parents of Finguine, killed in 729 with his son Feroth at the battle of Monith Carno, or he may have been a son of Drostan by another marriage. It is not clear which of these marriages produced Der-Ilei's son Ciniod (died 713). Since Bruide, son of Dargart, was evidently an adult in 696; and Talorc, son of Drostan, does not appear in the record until 713, it is thought that Der-Ilei married Drostan following the death of Dargart.
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Hypocoristic (Pet names) are often used in a familiar and friendly manner in informal situations. In more formal situations, the given name is to be used instead. This alludes to the fact that using a person's pet name betokens familiarity. Pet names for Syrian Christians can be Hindu, Assyrian, Persian or Biblical in origin.
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Mani or Maney () is a common proper name in the Middle East and South Asia. In Persian, Mani (مانی) means "eternity", "thinker", and "thoughtful". It is most common in Iran, Pakistan and India. There are also a number of unrelated names also spelled Mani, some of them hypocoristic, such as German Mani for Manfred.
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Cyr 1982 The new, smaller type was also linked to the new name of violoncello, a hypocoristic form of the older term violone, meaning literally "small violone" (i.e., ultimately, "small large viola").Bonta 1978, Schmid 1987. The bass violin remained the "most used" instrument of the two in England as late as 1740, where the violoncello was still uncommon.
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The recognition of Beonna as a historical figure leaves the 'Hun' element in the word Hunbeanna detached. Beanna is itself a hypocoristic form of a two-part name,Page, An Introduction to English Runes, p. 129. and the 'nn' in the name has been interpreted as representing a geminate consonant.Hegedüs and Fodor, English Historical Linguistics, p. 83.
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Pádraigín is a given name in the Irish language, formed by adding the diminutive suffix -ín to the name Pádraig (the Irish equivalent of Patrick). The suffix was formerly used as a hypocoristic, giving a male pet name akin to"little Pádraig"; latterly it was a feminiser used to Gaelicise Patricia, the English feminine form of Patrick.
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Although the Russian word "petrushka" has a homonym meaning "parsley", in this context the word is actually a hypocoristic (diminutive) for "Pyotr" (Пётр), which is Peter in Russian. Despite this, the character has little or nothing in common with the commedia dell'arte stock characters of Petruccio or Pierrot, but is instead a Russian version of Punch or Pulcinella.
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Tanya is the Slavic hypocoristic of Tatiana. It is now quite commonly used as an independent given name in the English-speaking world.A Dictionary of First Names, Patrick Hanks & Flavia Hodges, Oxford University Press, 1990, . Tanya is also of Hebrew origin derived from the Aramaic term meaning 'it was taught in Baraita' which is Biblical teaching.
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Lullaia or Lullaya, inscribed in cuneiform phonetically mlu-ul-la- a-a,Khorsabad List, IM 60017 (excavation nos.: DS 828, DS 32-54), ii 22.SDAS List, IM 60484, ii 19. a hypocoristic name, was the 53rd king of Assyria to be added to the Assyrian King List. He was a “son of a nobody,” i.e.
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The German given name was adopted in Czech and Slovak as Oldřich, Oldrich and in Scandinavian as Ulrik, in Slovenian as Urh, in Latvia as Uldis. Common German hypocoristics are Uli or Ulli (Swiss Ueli) and historically Utz. A Czech/Slovak hypocoristic is Volek and a Polish one Ryczek. A feminine form Ulrike, Ulrica is recorded from the early modern period.
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Long in use as a hypocoristic, Mia is recorded as an officially given name in the United States in the 1960s, and it rose to popularity in the 1990s to 2010s, from rank 316 in 1994 to rank 30 in 2004 and further to rank 6 in 2013-2015.behindthename.com Similarly, it reached rank 7 in Australia as of 2013.
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Miriam () is a feminine given name recorded in Biblical Hebrew, recorded in the Book of Exodus as the name of the sister of Moses, the prophetess Miriam. Spelling variants include French Myriam, German Mirjam, Mirijam; hypocoristic forms include Mira, Miri and Mimi (commonly given in Israel).Dan Isaac Slobin, The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition, p.342 The name's etymology is unclear.
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A great number of hypocoristic forms are in use in numerous languages. Maryam and Miriam have numerous variants, such as Georgian Mariami (Georgian) Mariamma, biblical Mariamme, Mariamne Məryəm (Azerbaijani) Meryem (Kurdish, Turkish) Myriam (French) The spelling in Semitic abjads is mrym: Aramaic ܡܪܝܡ, Hebrew מרים, Arabic مريم. Cyrillic has Марыя (Marýja) (Belarusian), Мария (Maríja) (Russian, Bulgarian). Georgian uses მარიამ (Mariam), მარია (Maria); Armenian: Մարիամ.
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There are various theories about the origin of the name Ödemiş, Greek Οδεμήσιο (pronounced Odemísio). One theory holds that it is an alteration of the Greek (hypocoristic) personal name Εὕδαιμος (Éfdemos), meaning "Happy". Another theory derives the name from that of the Greek goddess Artemis. The name may also come from Utamesh, Turkish Ötemiş, the name of one of the khans of the Kazan Khanate.
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13 The name Uinniau is a hypocoristic form of Uindobarros, realised in Old Irish with an F (Finnbar and Finniau, hence Finnian).Clancy, "Real St Ninian", p. 15 The saint's variety of names, owing to this and English scribal confusions, contributed to a fragmentation of Uinniau's cult where, in different locations he was venerated under a variety of guises in later periods.Fraser, Caledonia to Pictland, p.
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According to his own account, he suffered a concussion and was hospitalized. After his release, he was promoted to Unteroffizier (non-commissioned officer) on 1 December. Schuck claims that his nickname "Sohndel" (the hypocoristic form of "son" in the German language) was given to him by his friend Franz Dörr. Dörr who was seven years older than Schuck, became a fatherly figure to him and the nickname stuck.
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Mercedes is a feminine given name, derived from María de las Mercedes ("Our Lady of Mercy" or "Mary of Mercies"), which is one of the Roman Catholic titles of the Virgin Mary. The word "Mercedes" is of Latin origin meaning "mercies" (the plural of mercy) from the Latin word merced-, merces, meaning "wages, reward", which in Vulgar Latin acquired the meaning "favor, pity". Hypocoristic forms of the name are Merceditas, Meche and Merche.
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Hypocoristic forms, or “pet names”, included Guto, Gutyn, Gitto, Getyn, Gitton, and Gutta, with many of these becoming surnames themselves. Derivations of Gruffydd by way of Guto/Gitto include Gittos, Gittose, Gittoss, Gittas, Gyttes, Gitts, Gytts, Gittus, Gitthouse, Gyttors, Gittonce, Gittal, Gittall, Gyttall, Gittall, Gethyn. The name Gatehouse may have originated in some parts of Wales and the March from Gittose or a variant as a conscious effort to further anglicize the name.
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Hancock is an English surname. It is derived from a given name, a short form of the name Johan combined with the hypocoristic suffix -cok which came into fashion in the 13th century, from cok "cock", applied to "a young lad who strutted proudly like a cock".Dictionary of American Family Names (2013), s.v. "Cocke" As a given name, Hanecok is recorded in the 13th century in the Hundred Rolls of Yorkshire.
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Russian has the hypocoristic Соня (Sonya), which in the late 19th century was introduced to Western languages, in the spellings Sonya, Sonia and Sonja, via characters with this name in the novels Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1866, English translation 1885) and War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy (1869, English translation 1886). Turkish Safiye is from the unrelated Arabic Safiyya ( "pure"). Persian Sofia (Persian: صوفیا) is from unrelated Sufi, a sect of Islam.
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The "real-life Mitică", in a 1909 cartoon by Ion Theodorescu-Sion: his derelict home vs. his fashionable lifestyle Mitică () is a fictional character who appears in several sketch stories by Romanian writer Ion Luca Caragiale. The character's name is a common hypocoristic form of Dumitru or Dimitrie (Romanian for Demetrius). He is one of the best-known figures in Caragiale's 1901 collection Momente şi schiţe, as well as in Romanian humor at large.
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The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a planh, where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre. Perhaps Pey Guillem, Pey being a hypocoristic form of Peire, is intended. In another case Bertran directs a sirventes of admonition against a troubadour identified only by his initials: .
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Diminutive and hypocoristic forms native to the Ukrainian language have either an empty inflexional suffix (, ) or the affixes -o, -e, -ik (, , , , , ). As in most cultures, a person has a given name chosen by parents. First names in East-Slavic languages mostly originate from one of three sources: Orthodox church tradition (which derives from sources of Greek origin), Catholic church tradition (of Latin origin), or native pre-Christian Slavic origins. Most names have several diminutive forms.
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García, one of the most frequent Spanish surnames, was originally a Basque first name stemming from Basque gartzea, 'the young'. Medieval Basque names follow this descriptive naming pattern about the person, pointing to physical features ("Gutia", "Motza", "Okerra", "Ezkerro", "Zuria", etc.), family relations or geographical origin, e.g. Eneko (Spanish Íñigo) may be a hypocoristic mother-to-child addressing, 'my little'. Article in Spanish In the Middle Ages, a totemic animal figure often stood for the person's presumable features.
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Minerva Josefina Tavárez Mirabal (born 31 August 1956 in Ojo de Agua, Hermanas Mirabal Province), known by the hypocoristic Minou, is a philologist, professor and politician from the Dominican Republic. Mrs. Tavárez has served as deputy for the National District in the lower House since 2002; and served as deputy foreign minister from 1996 to 2000. Tavárez was the presidential nominee of both the Alliance for Democracy and Democratic Choice parties for the 2016 Dominican Republic general election.
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In 2007 Radio Television of Serbia recorded and broadcast a documentary on Srđan Aleksić, named "SRĐO" (hypocoristic form of Srđan). The Trebinje theatre Slovo, which Aleksić himself had been member of, performed a memorial play, Epilog, about his life. In 2011, filming began for the movie Circles (Krugovi), which was inspired by the heroic act of Srđan Aleksić and directed by Srđan Golubović. The Republic of Serbia awarded him the Golden Medal of Miloš Obilić in 2012.
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Rakovsky's original Bulgarian name was Krastyo Georgiev Stanchev (Кръстьо Георгиев Станчев), which he himself changed to Krastyo Rakovski (Кръстьо Раковски), being a descendant of the Bulgarian national hero Georgi Rakovski. The usual form his first name took in Romanian was Cristian (occasionally rendered as Christian), while his last name was spelled Racovski, Racovschi, or Rakovski. His given name was occasionally rendered as Ristache, an antiquated hypocoristic—he was known as such to his acquaintance, the writer Ion Luca Caragiale.Cioculescu, p.
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In Scotland Féchín is venerated in the Latinised form Vigeanus. The village of St Vigeans, near Arbroath in Angus, has a major collection of early medieval sculpture surviving from a monastery dedicated to the saint, perhaps founded in unrecorded circumstances among the Picts in the 8th century. Other places possibly connected with Féchín in Scotland are Ecclefechan in Dumfriesshire and Torphichen in West Lothian. Lesmahagow was also originally dedicated to the saint (under the hypocoristic or devotional form of his name, Mo-Ecu).
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The Skåäng Runestone consists of a younger futhark inscription that is within a serpent on the edge of the stone and an older inscription in the center of the stone. The younger futhark inscription was discovered in 1830, but the older central inscription was not noticed until 1867. The Elder Futhark inscription is harija ÷ leugaz which is interpreted as the Proto-Norse names Harija and Leugaz. The name Harija is a hypocoristic form of names ending with -harjaz ("warrior"), or a name beginning with Harja-, and it is part of the place name Häringe.
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Verena is often portrayed with either bread, or a jar of water in one hand, and a comb in the other, symbols of her care for the poor and lepers. Borrelli, Antonio. "Santa Verena di Zurzach", Santi e Beati, November 20, 2002 The given name Verena is not recorded outside of the context of this saint; it has been associated with the name Berenice (i.e. Veronica). In reference to the saint, Verena came to be a commonly given feminine name in Switzerland, in hypocoristic form Vreni becoming an almost archetypically Swiss girls' name (c.f.
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Gina (occasional variants Geena, Gena, Jeana, Jeanna) is a feminine given name, in origin a hypocoristic form of names ending in -gina (by metanalysis of the latinate feminine suffix -ina), such as Luigina, Regina or Georgina, also of Virginia or Eugenia. The short form was popularized in the 1950s by the actress Gina Lollobrigida (b. 1927), whose birth name is Luigina. Lollobrigida became famous in 1953, from which year popularity of the given name Gina in the United States rose steeply, reaching a peak at rank 54 in 1967.
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The name Balmaha derives from the Gaelic Bealach Mo- Cha, 'the pass of Saint Mo-Cha'. The pass referred to is now named The Pass of Balmaha, a narrow route between hills at the north end of the village, carrying the road north along Loch Lomond. The saint referred to is Kentigerna, patron saint of the parish who was revered especially on the nearby island of Inchcailloch ('Island of Nuns'). Mo-Cha is a 'hypocoristic' form of her name, a sort of devotional nickname, common in medieval Gaelic and Welsh use.
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Evelyn is a given name in the English language, where it can be used as a first name or a surname.. The name originally was used a surname, which derived from Aveline, a feminine Norman French diminutive of the name Ava.. "from the Norman female name Aveline, an elaborated form of >Ava." Ava itself is a hypocoristic Germanic name, of uncertain origin.Förstemann, Altdeutsches Namenbuch (1847), 190 adduces OHG awa "flowing water" and Gothic awō "grandmother" Evelyn is also sometimes used as an Anglicisation of the Irish Aibhilín or Éibhleann. Aibhilín (variant Eibhlín) is itself derived from the Norman French Aveline.
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Box art of Windows 8.1 Pro DSP Memorial Pack with a group of OS-tans from left to right: Claudia Microsoft Azure, Yuu and Ai Windows 8.1, and Nanami Madobe Windows 7 The OS-tan is an Internet meme that originated within the Japanese Futaba Channel. The OS-tan are the moe anthropomorphism/personification of several operating systems by heterogeneous amateur Japanese artists. The OS- tan are typically depicted as women, with the OS-tan representative of Microsoft Windows operating systems usually depicted as sisters of varying ages. The -tan element in the term is a hypocoristic suffix from Japanese.
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Pascu, who was fluent in the Hungarian language, preferred the hypocoristic Gyuri. Pascu began to study piano when he was nine years old, and sang soprano in his school choir, entertaining his friends with impressions of well-known pop singers. Ioan Gyuri Pascu (official site) ; retrieved May 5, 2007 Patricia Marinescu, "Ioan Gyuri Pascu s-ar întoarce la Divertis, dar nu face faţă", in Gardianul, February 20, 2008 During fifth grade, he started playing handball with an amateur team, discarding piano lessons and contemplating a career in acting. Ioan Gyuri Pascu: E bine când mori, că atunci devii genial, HotNews.
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Like Deutsche Mark, D-Mark and Mark do not take the plural in German when used with numbers (like all names of units), the singular being used to refer to any amount of money (e.g. eine (one) Mark and dreißig (thirty) Mark). Sometimes, a very colloquial plural form of Mark, Märker was used either as hypocoristic form or to refer to a small number of D-Mark coins or bills, e.g. Gib mir mal ein paar Märker ("Just give me a few marks") and Die lieben Märker wieder ("The lovely money again", with an ironic undertone).
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According to the East Anglian tally from the Textus Roffensis, Wehha was the son of Wilhelm. The 9th century History of the Britons lists Wehha, named as 'Guillem Guercha', as the first king of the East Angles, as well as his son and heir Wuffa, after whom the dynasty was named. It has been claimed that the name Wehha is a hypocoristic version of Wihstān, from the Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf This claim, along with evidence from finds discovered at Sutton Hoo in 1939, suggests a connection between the Wuffingas and a Swedish dynasty, the Scylfings.
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Hartmann's youthful appearance earned him the nickname "Bubi" (the hypocoristic form of "young boy" in the German language), and Walter Krupinski, to whom Hartmann was assigned as wingman, would constantly urge him: "Hey, Bubi, get in closer" or chastise him with "What was that, Bubi?" The danger of this method was evident on 25 May 1943 when he collided with a Soviet fighter instead of shooting it down. Nevertheless, Hartmann steadily improved. In Krupinski's absence, from the third week of May to the first week of August, Hartmann's number of claims rose from 17 to 60.
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Călinescu, p.891 Geo Bogza, who indicated that he was baptized Romanian Orthodox, also stressed that his given name, Gheorghe, had been turned into the hypocoristic Geo while he was still a child, and that he had come to prefer the shortened form. During the early stages of his career, he is known to have signed writings with the name George Bogza (George being a variant of Gheorghe). Bogza attended school in Ploiești and trained as a sailor at the Naval Academy in Constanța, but never sought employment in the Romanian Naval Forces. Until the age of 28, he made part of his income as a sailor on a commercial vessel.
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Two years later one Sitriuc Cam—Cam means crooked or twisted and Cammán is simply the hypocoristic form of this byname, so that Sitriuc Cam and Cammán are presumed to be the same person—was defeated by the Dubliners led by Amlaíb Cuarán and the Leinstermen while raiding in Leinster. Amlaíb Cuarán was wounded in the battle but Sitriuc fled to his ships. Sitriuc and his brothers appear to have raided Munster after this, but disappear from the record soon afterwards and do not appear to have returned to Ireland.Downham, Viking Kings, pp. 48-49, 184-185, 242, 249, 263 & 269; check Hudson, Viking Pirates.
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The name derives from the Greek word ἀνήρ (anēr), genitive ἀνδρός (andrós), that refers to man as opposed to woman (whereas man in the sense of human being is ἄνθρωπος, ánthropos). The original male Greek name, Andréas, represents the hypocoristic, with endearment functions, of male Greek names composed with the andr- prefix, like Androgeos (man of the earth), Androcles (man of glory), Andronikos (man of victory). The same root ἀνδρ-, andr- denoting the male gender is found e.g. in misandry (the hatred of the male sex), andrology (male physiology), androgens (male hormones) and polyandry (the practice of taking more than one husband at the same time).
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'Constantine ( or ; Latin: Cōnstantīnus, Greek: ', Kōnstantînos) is a masculine and feminine (in French for example) given name and surname which is derived from the Latin name Constantinus, a hypocoristic of the first names Constans and Constantius, both meaning "constant, steadfast" in Latin. The names are the Latin equivalents of the Bulgarian name 'Стоян' and the Greek name Eustáthios (Εὐστάθιος), meaning the same, not changing, standing. The name "Constantine" is still very common in Greece and Cyprus, the forms Κώστας (Kostas), Κωστής (Kostis) and Ντίνος (Dinos) being popular hypocoristics. The popularity stems from the eleven Roman and Byzantine emperors (beginning with St. Constantine I), couple of Bulgarian Emperors and two Greek kings of the same regal name.
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Diminutive and hypocoristic (endearing) names deriving from the above-mentioned dithematic names are created by using different diminutive suffixes. Such names are very popular in everyday usage, and usually are created by replacing part of the name with the suffix -ek (masculine, predominantly West Slavic; e.g. Polish Włodzimierz - Włodek), -ko (masculine, predominantly South Slavic and Ukrainian), -ka (feminine; also masculine in Russian), or -a: Mila, Luba, Staszek, Radek, Władek, Zlatko, Zlata, Volodya, Bronek, Leszek, Dobrusia, Slavko, Wojtek, Mirka, Bogusia, Slava, Zdravko, Zbyszko, Miłosz, Staś, Przemek, Bolko, Draho, Željko, Borya (fight),Boško, Božica, Božana, Branko, Branka, Braniša, Borko, Budimka, Hvališa, Dobar, Dobra, Dragoš, Dragica, Dragi, Draga, Dragoş, Miloš, Slavko, Slavica, Slavisa, Svetlana, Wít, Zdenka, Bratko, Braco, Braca, Bato, Bata, Batica, etc.
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Sonia is a feminine given name in many areas of the world including the West, Russia, Iran, and South Asia. Sonia and its variant spellings Sonja and Sonya are derived from the Russian hypocoristic Sonya, an abbreviation of Sofiya (Greek Sophia "Wisdom") The name was popularised in the English-speaking world by characters in the novels Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1866, English translation 1885) and War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy (1869, English translation 1886), and later by a 1917 bestselling novel, Sonia: Between Two Worlds, by Stephen McKenna. Sonya and its variations are occasionally found as surnames in England and the American eastern seaboard. Scandinavian countries spell the name with the letter j: Sonja, while many English speaking countries spell it with i or y: Sonia or Sonya.
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The English language surname Hawkins is said by FaNUK (Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland) to have three possible origins. The most usual origin is the forename Hawkin with an original genitival -s (that is, "Hawkin's son"), (or else it is Hawkin used as a surname with a later excrescent -s in the early modern period to bring it into line with the predominant style of hereditary surnames with such a genitival -s). It is one of many personal names with the diminutive Middle English suffix -kin (originally from Low German or Dutch) added to a single-syllable hypocoristic form (Robert > Hob > Hopkin, Walter > Wat > Watkin, William > Will > Wilkin, etc.). The Middle English personal name Haw is a rhyming fond form of Raw, that is, Ralph).
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"Miszka su Lokiu, Abu du tokiu" cited at the beginning of the novel as an epigraph to the manuscript is a slightly corrupted Lithuanian proverb "Meška su lokiu, abudu tokiu". The proverb was included in Lithuanian dictionaries by Georg Heinrich Ferdinand Nesselmann, published in 1851, and by August Schleicher, published in 1857, but judging by Mérimée's correspondence, he did not know about these publications and received the proverb from Ivan Turgenev. "Meška" and "lokys" are different names (synonyms) for the "bear" in Lithuanian, so the proverb almost literally means "A grizzly and a bear are one and the same." According to an (incorrect) explanation given by professor Wittembach at the end of the novella, "miszka" is not a Lithuanian word but a rendering of "Mishka", a Russian-language hypocoristic form of "Michael", the protagonist's name.
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The personal names, surnames and toponyms additionally confirm the origin of Molise Croats. Preserved Italianized surnames in Acquaviva Collecroce include Jaccusso (Jakaš), Lali (Lalić), Matijacci (Matijačić), Mileti (Miletić), Mirco (Mirko), Papiccio (Papić), Pecca (Pekić, Peršić), Radi (Radić), Tomizzi (Tomičić), Veta (Iveta); in San Felice include Blasetta (Blažeta), Gliosca (Joško), Petrella (Petrela), Radata (Radetić), Zara (Zaro, Zadro); in Montemitro include Blascetta (Blažeta), Giorgetta (Jureta), Lali, Miletti, Mirco, Staniscia (Stanišić), Gorgolizza (Gurgurica, Grgurić), Sciscia (Šišić), Juricci (Jurić), Joviccio (Jović) etc. The surnames differ; patronymics with suffix -ović (Marovicchio, Marcovicchio, Pastrovicchio), diminutive-hypocoristic (Vucenichio, Popicchio, Milicchio), nicknames attribute (Vecera, Tosti, Poganizza, Bilac, Berhizz), ethnic-toponyms attribute (Klissa, Lisa, Zara, Rauzei, Schiavone di Corzula, Traù, Ciuppana, de Raguza), Italian lexic origin (Curic, Scaramucchio). A rich array of kinship names (including vlah, fiancé, and vlahinja, fiancée), and many lexemes indicate that among the population of Molise Croats were genuine Vlachs communities.
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Recovered from Susa during the French excavations under Jacques de Morgan at the turn of the twentieth century, excavation reference Sb 26, it is currently located in the Musée du Louvre. The text covers around three quarters of the surface of the sides with the top part engraved with a relief of religious iconography. It records the granting of a tract of land in the limits of the town of Šaknanâ, on the banks of the Mēdandan canal, district of Ḫudādu (Baghdad? H.2.4), originally by Meli-Šipak. The failure to issue a record of this deed resulted in its contention by Munnabbittu’s neighbor, Aḫūnea (probably the hypocoristic form of his name), son of Dayyān-Marduk, who laid claim to a three GUR and twenty qa portion of the field, claiming that "it is the 'gate' of my field". On appeal to Marduk-apla-iddina I, the former governor of Ḫudādu, Kidin-Ninurta, under whose period in office the original grant had been made, and Ṣir-šum-iddina, his successor, together with various city elders, were consulted and unanimously upheld Munnabittu’s claim.
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