They, like the herders, favour the calves, so to keep the herd size stable, the herders have to take less.
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Reindeer herders across the globe are facing challenges: Climate change, poaching, poor economies, and predators threaten the herders and the animals alike.
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His association organizes dialogue between livestock herders and farmers in an effort to stave off conflict - common across the region when herders migrate into farming areas.
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If herders agree to stay within designated grazing reserves, or cattle ranches, it would be easier to set up schools and health centers for them, said Sonde of the herders' association.
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Competition between farmers and herders over access to land and water has heightened ethnic and religious tensions and pitted mostly Muslim migratory herders and mostly Christian sedentary farmers against each other.
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Herders travel by foot with their animals - usually cows.
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Some argue that anti-grazing laws punish the herders' centuries-old nomadic way of life, which can be seen as cattle and herders traverse the Middle Belt's roads and dusty bush paths.
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"It was a clash between farmers and herders which had been initially handled but some herders felt unsatisfied and ... they launched a reprisal attack on some villagers praying in a mosque," Elkana said.
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Herders rarely mention their love of nature, says Ms Korpela.
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But here, herders raise reindeer for transportation and for food.
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Here's a camp belonging to some of the area's herders.
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KHAN AL-AHMAR, West Bank — The herders are being herded.
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"If (herders) are apprehended grazing openly, we fine them and we prosecute the herders in court for deliberating going against the law," Edward Amali, Benue state director of livestock services, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.
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Instead of herders they will become interface designers and AI experts.
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"They demanded produce from farmers and cattle from herders," he said.
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Kuchi are nomadic herders, but some now live in permanent settlements.
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But land use has changed, even if herders' customs have not.
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Farmers say their crops have been destroyed by the herders' cattle.
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But herders also have connections with local elites who own cattle.
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That has persuaded more herders to purchase the insurance, Mude said.
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Most involve farmers angry that herders are camping on their land.
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Because many herders lead a nomadic culture, they have few advocates.
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Sometimes nomadic reindeer herders stop by, exchanging meat for other goods.
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Kenyan herders, facing intense droughts, are raising camels instead of cattle.
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"Not uncommon for herders to leave behind these dogs," Perry said.
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Conflicts have flared between livestock herders and farmers competing for land.
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Violence between Dogon hunters and Fulani herders has killed scores since January.
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City folk, who are disproportionately Han, earn twice as much as herders.
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But throughout the centuries herders have adapted to changes wrought from outside.
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Fighting is escalating between farmers and herders across the country's middle belt.
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Water and fertile lands were shared by farmers, herders and fisherfolk alike.
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Herders say the region is home to about 15,000 to 17,000 reindeer.
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It's a sign that the herders and their culture are still thriving.
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However herders who graze their animals in the riverlands are not happy.
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Evidently, the herders somehow outbred or exterminated most of Europe's original farmers.
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Mercy Corps sees possibility and not doom for Kenya's herders and farmers.
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I watched some livestock herders getting ready to auction off their livestock.
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The occasional stray cow ambles down the center, chased by local herders.
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Jihadists are also stoking inter-communal conflict, mostly between herders and pastoralists.
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"You may have heard the story about the reindeer herders," he says.
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The clash between the herders and the farmers happened on New Year's Day when the cattle herders, widely believed to be from the Fulani tribe, went on a rampage wielding machetes, the governor of the state told CNN.
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In traditional rural China, dogs were guardians or herders, not so often food.
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Livestock herders like Adam Farrah are accustomed to lean times and cyclical drought.
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Local leaders say most herders have already lost 65 percent of their livestock.
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Compared to her, the rest of us were mere scruffy-looking nerf herders.
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Livestock is so important for herders that community life revolves around the animals.
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Most Fulani herders are Muslim; most of the farmers they attack are Christian.
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Many northerners think such a ban would infuriate herders and fuel further conflict.
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Everyone—smallholders, herders, merchants—had to be involved and convinced it would work.
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When you send herders out, they need to have a phone with them.
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The backdrop: Saturday's attack targeted Fulani Muslims, a group of semi-nomadic herders.
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Applying Dr Ønvik Pedersen's methods to regions where herders operate would assist that.
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Sometimes they'll look for different routes, passing through grazing sheep and their herders.
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Instead, Uguru supports the federal government's latest idea: to turn herders into ranchers.
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Park rangers have clashed with herders in shootouts, seizing weaponry and veterinary medicines.
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The herders are given food supplies if they don't stray off the path.
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The herders are usually young men and boys - some as young as 9.
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"This is an area where there are subsistence farmers and herders," Sampat says.
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Herders would reach for their spears and staffs to chase away the invaders.
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During summer the herders were on foot, and in the winter, on skis.
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This planning also helps Kenya's seminomadic herders whose livestock must graze and drink.
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How on earth could small numbers of herders have overwhelmed dense farmer populations?
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They are people who used to be merchants and goat herders and professors.
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Elderly herders recall that they once had bad winters every decade or so.
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Herders from bare-earth zones in Kenya are often the ones invading ranches.
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That drew fierce resistance from the Herero, traditional cattle herders, and the Nama.
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Conflicts with mountain farmers and pastoral herders also contribute to their dwindling numbers.
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Rich commercial herders, some with animals numbering in the thousands, monopolise the best land.
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President Muhammadu Buhari's critics accuse him of favoring the herders because he is Fulani.
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Herders are gaining recognition in Mauritania but one group remains largely overlooked: pastoralist women.
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Farmers and herders work in the open, which makes them more vulnerable during storms.
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Herders say this is because they are not the only ones after the reindeer.
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Look after the Ewoks and fear not the opinions of scruffy-looking, nerf-herders.
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The mayhem is metastasising into a broader conflict between ethnic militias, farmers and herders.
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Even more deadly are clashes between farmers and herders in the country's "middle belt".
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Eventually the army began to evict the herders and quelled most of the violence.
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Accomplished race horses are commonly sold for breeding by city slickers and herders alike.
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Farther south, in the Middle Belt, bloody clashes occur regularly between herders and farmers.
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These journeys are often dangerous, with herders losing reindeers to cars, trains and drowning.
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There is no reliable record-keeping on fighting between herders and farmers in Nigeria.
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Njeri was inspired to take them farther by sending the herders up to space.
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Rising tensions between herders and farmers have claimed more than 28503,22019 lives this year.
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On the hill opposite us, above the swamp, there were other herds, other herders.
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Herders also capture and kill lions, using leghold traps made from old car springs.
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In fact, last week some herders I know were elected to the local assembly.
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While many farmers have died, the clashes also have killed scores of Muslim herders.
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Contemporary Europeans owe a significant amount of their genetic inheritance to the incoming herders.
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Herders in flowing robes, wielding bamboo staves, thrash them to keep them in line.
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The invading herders had stolen all of Mr. Lekisio's cows and ransacked his house.
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Herders complained that declines in pasture quality had led to reindeer sickness and death.
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"There is a high chance the herders will kill it in retaliation," he said.
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There, Uighur, Kazakh, Kyrgyz and Tajik herders haggled over horses, donkeys, sheep and camels.
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While herders are often portrayed as straying onto farmland, it is farmers who first encroached onto the nomads' grazing land, said Benjamin Mutambukah, coordinator of the Coalition of Pastoralist Civil Society Organisations (COPACSO) and a passionate advocate of the herders in Uganda.
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There is an almost rhythmic standoff taking place between herders on snowmobiles and the reindeer; a game of cat and mouse where the herders circle the flock, trying to force the reindeer into small groups so they can locate the designated prey.
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Climate change is worsening tensions, as erratic rains push farmers and herders deeper into poverty.
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"The implementation of the insurance is yet to be understood by the herders," she said.
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Indigenous reindeer herders traverse this terrain, eking a nomadic living out of the barren land.
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When Aarne says that herders are "born" to do it he is not being flippant.
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After five chilly hours, the herders finally receive the call: the reindeer have been spotted.
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In hotspots like central Nigeria, clashes between crop-growing farmers and herders have killed thousands.
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Columns of black smoke tower on the horizon—the calling card of armed cattle herders.
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Koin said the country had registered more than 5,000 farmers who were previously solely herders.
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A range of insurance companies sell policies to herders across northern Kenya and southern Ethiopia.
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"Our rangers were herders, but now they're effectively soldiers," said David Powrie, Sabi Sand's warden.
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Herders earn a living by selling reindeer for meat as well as for their hides.
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Gangs of young herders have been stirred by local politicians to invade other people's land.
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Even so, herders occupy large parts of her land, making it dangerous to venture out.
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Israel's critics say it has been steadily uprooting Arab farmers and herders from the area.
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Herders can earn as much as $80 per goat when they sell to the slaughterhouse.
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The farm will recover when the herders leave for new pastures, says her husband, Anthony Dodds.
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Herders from the Peul ethnic group have long complained of losing their cattle to armed bandits.
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In Kenya, the creation of national parks has often pushed traditional herders and hunters off land.
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"We want it to become the Facebook for herders that they will use daily," said Byambadorj.
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Water sources are drying out, driving nomadic herders farther south in search of grazing and water.
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A herd of reindeer inside an enclosure as herders select and sort them in Krasnoye, Russia.
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But getting herders to believe the information and act on it is another challenge, he said.
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Kaduna has also been a flashpoint for violence between herders and farmers clashing over scarce resources.
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Vertical University aims to preserve this expertise by employing local farmers, herders and fishermen as teachers.
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Many of the farmers here are also Fulani, like the herders, and ethnic tension is minimal.
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What at times is bewitchingly, subtly real in Herders can also acquire a pronounced social aspect.
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The law also states that any herders who are no longer profitable can lose their license.
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Conflict between herders and farmers over natural resources has a long history throughout sub-Saharan Africa.
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The valley's animal herders have long known the unusual properties of the ground under their feet.
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Cattle herders have evicted farmers by initiating deadly attacks in Nigeria's Middle Belt, media reports say.
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Strategies differ, but for most Sami herders in Norway, the preferred tactic involves snowmobiles and dogs.
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Fishermen and reindeer herders in northern Siberia have long snacked on raw, frozen fish and meat.
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Mude is trying to solve that problem by crowdsourcing — asking herders to send photos of vegetation.
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The herders and farmers who were moved for the project endured starvation, executions and brutal expulsions.
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He wrote that officials imprisoned about 700 herders around Jinyintan, accusing them of joining counterrevolutionary gangs.
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Mueller finishes Trump investigation; more than 130 herders in Mali killed in violence between ethnic groups.
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One source of conflict with elephants has been competition for pasture as the herders' populations have grown.
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Photo Credit Photos: Nerf NERF HERDERS UNITE Unleash your inner child with these six new Nerf blasters.
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And the Mongolian herders are ranchers, just more self-reliant than settled ones, for better and worse.
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The government is running a "destocking" program, which pays herders for animals they would struggle to sell.
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"Herders need access to water sources without any encumbrances and farmers need to farm peacefully," he said.
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Building predator-proof corrals also help reduce conflict with herders, in an effort to stop retaliatory killings.
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The violence is often painted as ethno-religious: chiefly Muslim Fulani herders clashing with mainly Christian farmers.
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These herders lost 61,000 of their beasts to starvation after rainstorms deluged the region in November 2013.
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A lot of herders in the countryside, they're not savvy enough to make use of the application.
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"We are farmers and herders, but we don't want our sons to be the same," he said.
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It brought in an NGO to work with herders to improve pastures, dairy cattle and cheese production.
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Around the region, herders are searching for water by digging new and deeper wells to reach aquifers.
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Herders start to move out as fertile land turns into desert because of over-exploitation and drought.
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When the sun was burning hot, one of the herders took the calves back to the stable.
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If EXIM had been supporting the mine alone, the herders would have been left with little recourse.
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She comes from a family of nomadic yak herders; she grew up in the grasslands of Mai'erma.
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Herders and farmers are deemed at higher risk of infection from the disease, which can devastate livestock.
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The Mongols are herders who will not be able to continue their traditional livelihood under present conditions.
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With beefed up security and strict controls on grazing, shootouts between armed herders and rangers are inevitable.
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The story focuses on obscure Russian delicacies enjoyed by nomadic fishermen and reindeer herders in northern Siberia.
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It's not easy to stay in touch with the world outside, but the herders have found ways.
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The entwining of wars and famine has multiplied the magnitude of deaths among Somalia's farmers and herders.
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" A few days later, she sent another message that said, "2 Arsons by herders and shooting reported.
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Here nomads and camel herders endure this new war as they have always endured drought and famine.
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His grandmother made sandwiches for her teenage herders and tied their lunch to a gnarled pine tree.
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After Lothagam's herders buried their dead, they covered the cavity with stones and placed large stone pillars.
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Nigeria is beset by security challenges, including a jihadist insurgency and communal violence between farmers and herders.
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Most farmers who have livestock have cleared out, but nomadic herders pass through this part of Nigeria.
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Kenya's growing appetite for rangeland manure is creating a new revenue stream – and not just for herders.
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But the government has not done enough to help herders exploit manure as a resource, said Karanja.
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The herders are attacking her property, she said, in revenge for the recent military activity against them.
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A member of Parliament was recently arrested on suspicion of inciting young herders to violently expel ranchers.
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By investing in their goats and herders — Naadam pays herders 50% more than most brands and also provides livestock insurance and veterinary care — Naadam has access to high-quality cashmere (and other materials) that it can sell without the traditional markups, but is still super soft (we promise).
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"Two months ago, my brother was killed and they (the herders) took 42 goats," said shopkeeper Emuria Lorere.
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Russia Dispatch Fishermen and reindeer herders in northern Siberia have long snacked on raw, frozen fish and meat.
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For decades, often deadly conflicts have broken out between farmers and herders over access to land and water.
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And for many of the Salla herders, this struggle brings with it something special; they never feel alone.
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Other pledges were more specific to Mongolia, such as one to secure a fairer shake for nomadic herders.
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In recent months, herders searching for fresh grazing land have shot wild animals and vandalized conservancies and farms.
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Since 2000 the influx of herders to Ulaanbaatar, by far the country's largest city, has grown especially fast.
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But in recent years, tourists have gotten rides to the glacier with local herders looking to make money.
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Members also buy livestock in drought periods, when many herders are selling, to fatten and sell to slaughterhouses.
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But herders complain that there are too few of these, or that their camels refuse to use them.
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Disturbingly, it's not going to get any better any time soon for the reindeer or the indigenous herders.
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For centuries, Russian reindeer herders have been making a living by raising the animals as a food source.
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Traditionally, members of the community in East Africa are cattle herders -- often crossing borders between Kenya and Tanzania.
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He and Kenya's growing clan of metropolitan herders are a phenomenon driven as much by modernity as tradition.
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As a result, the parties reached two sweeping agreements that provide commitments addressing many of the herders' concerns.
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Backpackers, Sami reindeer herders, botanists and the odd Linnaeus pilgrim are the only humans you will find here.
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In mid-July, a large group of herders killed a half-dozen police officers and stole their weapons.
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She rescued one of her dogs, a border collie, after herders left him injured on a nearby mountain.
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This is bad for both the reindeer and the Sami herders who depend on them for their livelihood.
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Sami herders are now also working with researchers from Stockholm University who are studying the region's changing climate.
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Cadasta has worked with African pastoralist communities and is now looking into devising tools for Indian herders, she said.
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Opposition leader Cellou Dalein Diallo is mainly supported by Peul herders, who make up 40 percent of the population.
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Almost half its people live as nomadic stock herders, and the country's oil demand is growing only very slowly.
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When Finnish herders are raised in a talo, it is not simply that they grow up in one place.
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The cowboys jump off their vehicles and the herders jog inside after the reindeer, shutting the fence behind them.
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Although strife between herdsmen and farmers dates back centuries, it has escalated sharply as climate change pushes herders south.
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Kobylkin has enforced a mass evacuation of herders and their families in the Yamalsky district, in the northern Urals.
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Christians, meanwhile, accuse Mr El-Rufai of siding with Muslim herders over lethal clashes with farmers in southern Kaduna.
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In Benin, for example, switching parties is called "transhumance", a term that normally describes the migration of cattle-herders.
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Black Fulani herders have come into conflict with mostly lighter-skinned Tuareg pastoralists over access to scarce water points.
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But herders say they cannot count on such conditions anymore - though they, and their animals, are happy this year.
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More recently the violence has moved to central Mali, where fighting between farmers and herders has surged this year.
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The UPC is largely composed of Fulani, a group of historically nomadic herders found across West and Central Africa.
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Almost 300 herders in the drought-hit north received some $120 each in insurance payouts last Wednesday, Mude said.
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Droughts and insecurity in Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger have driven more and more herders into Ghana, Soeters said.
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He added that he visited herders, where he got to understand the changes that have taken place for Tibetans.
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Cattle herders have forcefully evicted farmers from villages by initiating deadly attacks in Nigeria's middle belt, media reports say.
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Nigeria's federal government has proposed setting aside land for herders, yet the country is also grappling with widespread unemployment.
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There is even a Little Free Library on the Yamal Peninsula in Siberia, for reindeer herders and their families.
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The herders and their sheep move through hundreds of miles, through forests and farmland, in the summer, she said.
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The region is mainly known to the Nerkagi, Indigenous reindeer herders who assemble there during their annual nomadic treks.
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Kenya's long rains season, from March to May, is critical for the wellbeing of its farmers and livestock herders.
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Sweden's Sami herders, for instance, said they were abandoning traditional ways due to changes in ice formation and weather.
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The Plant 2221 museum says those herders moved voluntarily, helped by the government and rewarded with thousands of sheep.
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Tracts of land which were once open for roaming have been fenced off by unscrupulous town-dwellers and wealthier herders.
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Such extreme religious ideology didn't gel with the moderate version of Islam that Fulani herders, and indeed most Nigeriens, practice.
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Routers, the small electronic boxes that connect most households to the internet, are already a popular target of bot-herders.
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But to claim the compensation the herders have to find their ravaged reindeer—no easy task in dark, frozen forests.
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In Mali, for example, struggles over resources between farmers and herders as the population rises have escalated into ethnic cleansing.
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But restricting herders to one area undermines their ability to feed their animals, especially in the face of climate change.
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The Islamists exploit the grievances of Fulani cattle herders and their disputes with local farmers over access to grazing lands.
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Jimena Cruz, an indigenous Atacameña archaeologist, interviewed retired llama herders to learn more about the cultural significance of the pathways.
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Lorenzo Bellù of the FAO points out that herders routinely encroach on national parks and private lands in east Africa.
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The fighting between herders and farmers has forced 300,000 people to flee, complicating efforts to contain the spread of Ebola.
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Saturday's attack against the herders involved an attack on the village of Koumaga in the Mopti region, the government said.
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Photographer Sergei Karpukhin traveled to the country's Nenets Autonomous District to get an up-close look at the herders' lives.
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Reuters found that between 1975 and 93, Nigeria's Middle Belt lost about 84,000 square kilometers of land available to herders.
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Many of the farmers are Christian and the herders are mainly Muslim, but locals see the land issue as paramount.
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Water was so precious that local cattle herders lit fires at water holes to keep giraffes and zebras from drinking.
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The inhabitants are mainly subsistence farmers and herders from the Fulani tribe who trade at Mubi's regionally prominent cattle market.
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The result, said Ambelu, has often been herders feeling frustrated as their way of life slowly withers under new constraints.
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Herders might have smartphones and send their kids to university, and pay for it by selling cashmere and camel wool.
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The animals have nowhere to go, consume all local vegetation, and herders have to buy fodder to keep livestock alive.
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However, Bello Bodejo, head of the cattle herders association, who spoke to CNN, denied the group's involvement in the attacks.
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These early herders dug through about 1,000 square feet of beach sands down to bedrock and gouged out burial pits.
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The nomadic herders, whose lives in the far-north Bulunsky district of Yakutia revolve around their animals, certainly weren't concerned.
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He learned how nomadic herders use different parts of the yak for various purposes, and discussed death with Buddhist monks.
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Over the past year herders in Kenya's Rift Valley have lost thousands of animals to worsening drought and erratic rainfall.
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Herders in the region are increasingly farming crops like maize or onions in addition to keeping livestock, said De Bac.
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More recently the violence has moved to central Mali, where fighting between farmers and herders has also surged this year.
|
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There, herders like Karma Takgol still gather raw wool from Tibetan goats the way they have since the 15th century.
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Pashmina herders' struggle against climate change Pashmina is the softest and most expensive type of cashmere wool in the world.
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The Chinese government has also tried to limit the movements of herders, saying their animals are turning grasslands into desert.
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A sometimes dangerous showcase based on skills traditionally used by cattle herders in Spain, Latin America, the U.S. and elsewhere.
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Sami herders were hired to make the initial journey with the herd from Naboktoolik, Alaska, to Reindeer Station, north of Inuvik.
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Built by Africa's earliest herders, the ancient cemetery contains virtually no signs of social stratification, pointing to a surprisingly egalitarian society.
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"It's my animals," said the livestock owner, at a dusty herders' camp in R'Kiz, on the edge of the Mauritanian desert.
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Key to the success of such corridors is persuading those living along the way that herders bring more benefits than threats.
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The corridors follow newly-built solar-powered wells, which herders can use for a fee of 30 ouguiya ($0.08) per animal.
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Just like a legitimate business, the bot-herders will, for a few dollars extra, provide technical support if anything goes wrong.
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"Border Collies are born for this type of work, they're herders," Piper's owner and airport employee Brian Edwards told NBC News.
|
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Typical rainfall patterns during El Niño years, via NOAA A full 80 percent of Ethiopians are subsistence farmers or livestock herders.
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Last year more people were killed in clashes over land between farmers and cattle-herders than were slain by Boko Haram.
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The region's farmers and herders are particularly vulnerable to the effects of drought because there are few dams or irrigation systems.
|
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Frequent drought has forced herders, who usually stick to the mountains, down into the valleys where most settled farming takes place.
|
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In Cameroon, herders have managed to ease tensions and keep the land healthy, said Musa Usman Ndamba from the Mbororo tribe.
|
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The Benue state government has said it will offer training to herders to help them learn how to effectively run ranches.
|
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During a drought, herders rush to sell their livestock, leading to a meat glut in the market, the Maasai farmer said.
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In the early 1970s, they began studying sheep-guarding dogs and traveled around the world finding dogs that sheep herders used.
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Mr. Kiraithe sounded sympathetic to herders in need, but argued that it was not in their interest to venture into Nairobi.
|
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Attacks have hardened existing rivalries between ethnic groups, especially herders and farmers, leading to a series of tit-for-tat reprisals.
|
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By cutting out middlemen, they pay nomadic herders about 50% more and charge about 50% less to customers without changing quality.
|
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However, Danladi Ciroma, head of the northern arm of the Cattle Herders Association, Miyetti Allah, denied his herdsmen group was involved.
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And they share the land with "some of the most marginalized people in the world," poor farmers and herders, she said.
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That group consisted of herders from the Asian steppes, whose skeletons and genes are known from their burial mounds called kurgans.
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Or consider the case of the Ariaal, a Kenyan tribe whose members through most of its history were wild-animal herders.
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They found that among the herders, those who possessed a gene that predisposed them to A.D.H.D. were, on average, better nourished.
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The herders and their families pointed them to other sites, often adding mythological stories of how the carvings came to be.
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I've reported in 115-degree temperatures in India, where I got typhoid fever, and covered reindeer herders on horseback in Mongolia.
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Specifically, the war with Boko Haram has spilled into areas where nomadic herders typically roam, forcing them to find new terrain.
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Several farmers said he provided the herders with cash, Red Bull and a cheap liquor called Trigger to rile them up.
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Black descendents of ethnic groups in the south are typically enslaved by lighter-skinned Mauritanians - often as cattle herders and servants.
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The hunters&apos fees are supposed to pay herders and scouts as well as fund surveys and other ram management programs.
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"It's important to make women herders more independent financially, so they don't rely on their husbands' generosity or understanding," she added.
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The herders said ISWA provides safe grazing for about 2,500 naira ($8) a cow and 1,500 naira ($5) for smaller animals.
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Pastoral nomads—the animal herders who dwell in large numbers in the Horn of Africa—are hardy in times of water shortage.
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These herders rely on livestock for food and income but are in areas where there is no natural fodder for the animals.
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As a member of the seminomadic Fulani ethnic group, Moumouni was used to going days without seeing anyone else but other herders.
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In Canchayllo and Miraflores, the restoration has combined ancient and modern technologies to meet the demands of herders, after months of consultation.
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In March, a white Kenyan rancher was shot dead by herders, prompting the government to send the military to quell the violence.
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Camel herders in the arid scrubland east of Addis Ababa report many more such incidents over the previous year of trial operations.
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Still, the horse occupies an irreplaceable role in many herders' everyday lives and remains a national symbol of Mongolia's distinctive nomadic heritage.
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It forces nomadic herders to range farther south with their animals, where they often clash with farmers over the most fertile land.
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Yet in recent years herders have staged repeated protests at forced relocation, appropriation or pollution of their grazing lands and poor compensation.
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More than 80 people were killed in the attacks by suspected herders who also set fire on many homes in the villages.
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In other parts of the world, reindeer herders make money by renting out the animals for Christmas events during the holiday season.
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As well as providing detailed grazing maps showing water and grass conditions, herders can contribute information about livestock diseases, predators and conflicts.
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There is a huge asymmetry of power, resources and information between big miners and peasant farmers and herders high in the Andes.
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In addition to selling his sheep for meat, he used to earn profits by selling animals to other herders expanding their flocks.
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Their cattle are their lives This bizarre situation emerged because so many of the people of Kirfouk are sheep and cattle herders.
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Through the radio broadcasts, the program also encourages farmers and herders to diversify their sources of income and better manage their livestock.
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The researchers believe this component is due to the herders bringing their own dogs, which then mixed with the local farming dogs.
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In Ladakh, India and the Pamirs of Tajikistan, the root cause of conflict is removed by helping herders build predator-proof corrals.
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Still, for the herders, we always saved a pail of buttermilk, ikivuguto , which was a tonic for tiredness and replenished their energy.
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An official from a nearby town said on Saturday that armed men dressed as Dogon hunters assaulted villages populated by Fulani herders.
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As a result, sheep and goat herders have to trek higher to find grazing land and crops are much harder to cultivate.
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Some Laikipia residents said politicians were encouraging herders to invade private land, hoping to win votes in national elections scheduled for August.
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Ciroma said the herders group is just as invested in finding a solution to the pastoral and herdsmen conflict in the country.
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Herders are told "no goats" because of the degradation they cause, only to be removed for vast coal fields to be developed.
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It turns out that those herders contributed about half the genes of Northern European and British skeletons beginning around 5,000 years ago.
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Roughly 5,300 years ago, a group of ancient sheep herders in East Africa began an extraordinary effort to care for their dead.
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He is busy sifting through the collection of photographs he took of the reindeer herders and their lives in Russia's remote north.
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It is a bleak landscape, home to nomadic herders who fear displacement and drought as the project sucks up the available water.
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Most Malians eke out a living as farmers, herders or fishermen, relying on the fertile area near the Niger River to survive.
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But he and other elderly herders across Puntland, now taking shelter in camps for the internally displaced, say the current challenges are different.
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The nomads are herders and typically own about 1,000 animals—mostly sheep and goats, but cows, horses, dogs, camels, and yaks as well.
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Rapid population growth, the spread of fences and cities, and the annexation of herders' land have shrunk the space where pastoralists can roam.
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Mongolian, Chinese, and Siberian conquerors advanced and receded over several centuries, creating a unique, albeit a patchwork society of nomadic hunters and herders.
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Herders have asked the railway operator in northern Norway, Bane NOR, to install a fence along the track to help prevent reindeer deaths.
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Algeria's government has tried to help herders, including by providing limited subsidies to offset some of their increasing costs for water and feed.
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Prolonged drought and erratic rainfall across the country have hit harvests and livestock, eating into farmers' and herders' income and meals, experts say.
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France told Mali's government on Tuesday to react strongly after at least 16 Fulani herders were killed in the latest suspected ethnic clash.
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"Even in Soviet times, herders in Tuva had [material] privileges and radio communications," Sayana Mongush, a local activist and journalist told The Guardian.
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And the slash-and-burn tactics of nomadic herders, who kill game to supplement their meager rations and salary, threaten a fragile ecosystem.
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Private butchers are often unable to accommodate all the herders who need their meat processed, leading to waste and lost income, he added.
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In recent years, as the Sahelian climate has worsened, many herders who had bought weapons to protect their animals have turned to jihad.
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Furthermore, it powers its production facilities with clean energy, employs sustainable grazing practices, and pays local nomadic herders 50% more than traditional traders.
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Samuel Mbugua, director of Grandeur Africa, another company that trains farmers to grow hydroponic fodder, thinks it also helps avert conflict between herders.
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"Herders in arid areas often encroach on other farmers' land in search of grazing areas, if they don't have enough pasture," he said.
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En route, they will stay in remote mountain huts, some formerly used by sheep herders, with varying access to conveniences like running water.
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How has each nation done in terms of trying to hold back the desert and preserve the livelihoods of affected people, especially herders?
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These guys are great herders because their small size allows them to nip at cows' heels while avoiding getting kicked in the head.
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Many of Mr. Tseden's stories draw on his experience growing up the son of nomadic herders in Qinghai, high on the Tibetan plateau.
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At the same time, bandits plague northern Mali, targeting buses, herders, traders and aid agencies, according to a report from Human Rights Watch.
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And as drought drives more farmers and herders off their lands, extremist groups in Africa and the Middle East are finding fresh recruits.
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A government statement did not say who carried out the early-morning attack on Ogossagou, a village of Fulani herders in central Mali.
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By Jeffrey Gettleman Drought conditions, metropolitan sprawl and shrinking pastureland have driven some herders to graze their flocks in Nairobi, the country's capital.
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In the village, the Malian forces instead encountered Dozo hunters who had mobilized to defend themselves against the Fulani herders, the letter said.
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The administration said the epicentre of the tremor was in Ngawa prefecture, largely populated by ethnic Tibetans, many of whom are nomadic herders.
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More than 1,300 people have been killed in vicious land disputes between cattle herders and farmers who are settling on traditional grazing routes.
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Today, taxing cattle herders, or stealing their herds altogether, has become one of the major resources that the various rebel groups fight over.
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Thousands of herders have moved southwards in the last few years to flee spreading desertification in the north, putting pressure on dwindling fertile land.
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BAUCHI, Nigeria (Reuters) - Unidentified attackers killed more than 30 cattle herders in the northeastern Nigerian state of Adamawa, a police spokesman said on Tuesday.
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A government statement did not say who carried out the attack on Friday morning on Ogossagou, a village of Fulani herders in central Mali.
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In Pawaga division, however, farmers and herders have brought an end to decades of hostility with a deceptively simple solution: talking to each other.
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The task of finding the herders and cheesemakers and carvers and fishermen and hunters and weavers who will inspire the chefs falls to Søberg.
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The nation now has one of Africa's fastest-growing economies but many people are still small-scale farmers and herders dependent on seasonal rains.
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The violence between herders and farmers has forced thousands to flee their homes and huge camps have sprung up in Benue and Plateau states.
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The county has also started supplying herders with high-yielding crop seeds and training farmers on sustainable cultivation techniques, including more efficient water use.
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With its own abattoir, the government could help stabilize the market and allow herders to sell their cattle at the going rate, Shakita said.
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The victims included brothers, 9 and 12, both goat herders, who had played with munitions they found in a valley in northern Hajjah Province.
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Thirst could send the cows sliding down the hill to the swamp without waiting for the herders to take them to the watering holes.
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The moving population also is a challenge to the government's ability to provide herders with basic public services, from hospitals to schools, Ambelu said.
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The attack on Wednesday follows a string of deadly clashes between herders and ethnic Dogon farmers who have long fought over land and resources.
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Armed cattle herders from Isiolo and Samburu counties fought over grazing access along the two county borders, said Isiolo County police commander Charles Ontita.
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Editorial The fierce winds blowing around Kenya's Lake Turkana were long the bane of herders eking out a living in the arid, isolated hills.
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He has challenged politically connected elites who started growing crops on a reserve that had been set aside for herders for half a century.
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As the greenery turned to desert, the descendants of the hunter-gatherers became cattle-herders and farmers, and moved to other parts of Africa.
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Seminomadic Gujjar herders live here in the summer, when the slopes are carpeted with grass and wildflowers; the name Gulmarg means meadow of flowers.
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Yellow domes of harvested teff, Ethiopia's national crop, ornamented the periphery of every village; boy herders stopped to watch as the train hammered by.
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In the middle part of the country, more than 20093,300 people have been killed in increasingly vicious land disputes between cattle herders and farmers.
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In the interest of time we took a helicopter shuttle, a common means for Sami herders to travel from town up to summer pasture.
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The municipality is a rural area with grasslands and herders that abuts Russia and lies immediately west of the region once known as Manchuria.
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Climate changes are threatening the way of life of Nomadic herders, forcing them to move away from traditional grazing grounds and find alternative livelihoods.
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But for enterprising herders like Sankare, the manure trade offers a new source of income that is helping compensate for losses caused by drought.
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Mr. Buhari's efforts so far have failed to quell battles over land between farmers and herders, or armed gangs carrying out kidnappings and killings.
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The Islamists exploit the grievances of local cattle herders from the Fulani tribe and their disputes with local farmers over access to grazing lands.
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In warm months, the grasslands burst into luxuriant green, and Tibetan and Mongolian herders have for centuries guided yaks and goats over the pastures.
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How to transcribe Kazakh, a Turkic language developed by nomadic herders without an alphabet of their own, has long been a particularly fraught issue.
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Clashes between semi-nomadic herders, mostly of the Fulani ethnic group, and settled farmers in central states have killed around 100 people in recent weeks.
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Violent clashes between farmers and nomadic herders are a relatively common occurrence across West Africa, where there is competition over resources including land and water.
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The reindeer were rarely herded over the winter months for more than a few days, meaning previous herders never had the chance to tame them.
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Livestock herding is an ancient activity in West Africa's Sahel, but herders have become increasingly vulnerable as climate change disrupts rain patterns in the region.
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"To find resources, herders need to be able to freely cross borders (to Senegal and Mali) but local authorities rarely let them through," he said.
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Rising desertification rates, melting glaciers and drying rivers and lakes threaten the livelihoods of Mongolia's herders, who account for nearly a third of the population.
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These armed herders moving through the CAR bear the superficial trappings of pastoralism but have shed their traditional restraints and are freed from social anchors.
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There's no financial component to the arrangement as yet because what3words is free for individuals to use (so in this case the Dukha reindeer herders).
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Armed herders have unleashed mayhem on communities in central states to evict farmers in a conflict said to be deadlier than the Boko Haram insurgency.
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Fighting between semi-nomadic cattle herders and more settled communities over land use claims hundreds of lives a year in Nigeria's central and northern states.
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There is also a conflict across much of its hinterland between farmers and herders that is now more deadly than the war against those insurgencies.
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Northern Nigeria is plagued by a Boko Haram and Islamic State insurgency as well as clashes between farmers and herders in which hundreds have died.
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To remedy this, a project hopes to help Ethiopian herders and farmers access weather information to make more informed decisions and better absorb climate shocks.
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Herders use the land in the dry season, with cattle droppings fertilising the soil, while farmers cultivate the same land during rainy season, he said.
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Buhari's party rejects criticism that his administration is soft-peddling justice for the herders, who belong to the same Fulani ethnic group as the president.
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Mobile phones have also become an essential part of life for Mongolia's traditional nomadic herders, providing remote settlements with access to banking and weather alerts.
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With improved access to roads, mobile phone networks and banking services, herders are starting to develop businesses to "build themselves out of poverty", he said.
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Sometimes conflicts start because herders venture into cropland, knowing that the chief or official who owns the animals will protect them from punishment, said Aapengnuo.
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In the Middle Belt, herders versus farmer skirmishes persist, and in the South-East, a separatist group threatens to escalate tensions and prevent the Feb.
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There are several "conserve the grasslands" programs that use degradation and desertification — assessment methods not mentioned — to remove rural residents, particularly herders, from the land.
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In Nigeria's central states, clashes between farmers and nomadic herders over dwindling arable land have killed thousands of people and displaced tens of thousands more.
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They are full of former herders who have settled down and taken up farming or joined the booming logging business, cutting down trees for charcoal.
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The most recent drought has prompted some herders to plunder the livestock of rival communities or sneak into nature reserves to graze their hungry droves.
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Herders who live in the area today are not descended from these ancient cemetery-builders and do not view them as their ancestors, she said.
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To avoid land mines, he drives only in recent tire tracks; because the herders have huge attack dogs, he cajoles them from inside the car.
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The characters include both ethnic Russians and natives, mostly members of the Even people, reindeer herders who live in Esso, a village to the north.
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Credit...Victor Llorente for The New York Times They gave the hounds and the herders the once over at the Westminster Dog Show on Sunday.
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The attacks in Ituri province have mostly targeted Hema herders, who have long been in conflict with Lendu farmers over grazing rights and political representation.
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One evening in 2009, she was driving alone across her property when herders surrounded her and hurled stones, hitting her in the head and hand.
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Regarded as a brilliant mobilizer by even his detractors, he was arrested in March and again in July, accused of instigating herders to storm ranches.
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Farmers and herders face a harsh interrogation about the parentage of their creatures — particularly those in possession of black goats, which are regarded with hostility.
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"Pastoralism, as a way of livelihood, is also valid," he said, adding that herders require large, communally owned land to give the animals enough grazing.
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The Laikipia Farmers' Association said herders from outside Laikipia have driven more than 200,000 cattle, sheep and goats into the area in pursuit of pastureland.
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The founders went to the Mongolian desert and began sourcing cashmere directly from the nomadic tribes of goat herders and created a brand around it.
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The emergency also brought programs to distribute vitamins, antibiotics, and fodder to the herders of alpacas, llamas, and other animals in the most affected regions.
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Governor Dmitry Kobylkin has declared a state of emergency and evacuated and quarantined the communities most at risk of infection, such as nomadic reindeer herders.
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The herders can work on project sites 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and there's also trained guard dogs and border collies to assist.
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Eight herders were unable to vote because they did not make it in time to the meeting point, which was marked by a reindeer hide tent.
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NIAMEY (Reuters) - Eighteen people were killed and 20 others were wounded on Tuesday in violence in Niger that pitted itinerant cattle herders against farmers, officials said.
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A team of charities, researchers and local authorities are setting up pastoralist corridors to ensure herders can safely take livestock across national boundaries in Africa's Sahel.
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Hamadi said highlighting the financial returns of pastoralism - particularly for communities the herders pass through - was key to getting mayors on board with the corridor project.
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A government statement late on Friday did not say who carried out the early morning attack on Ogossagou, a village of Fulani herders in central Mali.
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Frequent drought has forced herders, who usually stay in the mountains, down into the valleys where most farming takes place, raising tensions between the two groups.
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Now, after several months of careful study, scientists think they've identified the cause of the first ice slide, which claimed the lives of nine nomadic herders.
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Unseasonably warm temperatures gave rise to rain clouds, which produced torrential rains in areas where indigenous Yamal Nenet herders, an ancient nomadic culture, lead their reindeer.
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Realizing its predicament, Nevada City has launched a crowdfunding campaign to pay goats (or, more accurately, their herders) to clear brush at the edges of town.
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The bells of sheep and cows in far-off pastures twinkled in the air; the wild shouts of herders were incomprehensible riddles that kept me company.
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The data helps herders and farmers predict the availability of water and grass for grazing, and allows government agencies to predict and track extreme weather events.
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To try to stop conflicts, state officials in 22018 instituted a law prohibiting the long-held practice of herders grazing their animals on any open land.
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The 10-year project would give herders designated spaces to feed their cattle, reducing the need to graze the animals on private land, government officials said.
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Now, the government pays the herders a monthly handout to compensate for the hunting ban, but many Dukha feel they have lost half of their identity.
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Surin, the province next to mine, is still known as a base for elephant handlers, with some villages populated by the Kui tribe of elephant herders.
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We were sure of it now: the sound was that of lowing cows, trampling hooves, and herders calling out names that are given only to cows.
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It usually strikes herders, slaughterhouse workers and others in contact with tick-covered animals, but it can also be passed in human blood and bodily fluids.
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He was known for his passion to protect wildlife and lived on the 50,000-acre ranch that his great-grandfather acquired from illiterate Masai cattle herders.
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For herders like him, an occupation long scorned has become an unlikely lifeline amid droughts that come with ever more frequency in this East African country.
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This is because, by best evidence, the American South was settled by herders and pastoralists from northern England and Scotland, who had a culture of honor.
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Mongolia is a pastoral democracy where herders are free to move about the countryside, and will still move 100-plus kilometers in search of animal fodder.
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The photo's original caption reads: A Nenets woman with a tray of stroganina outside a traditional reindeer herders' tent during the stroganina festival in Yar-Sale.
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The photographer/GIFographer is France-based Rubens Ben who spent a week hanging with the tribesmen at the end of 2016, following and photographing the herders.
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In Mali, officials on Sunday said more than 30 herders and their children were killed in an area where disputes have raged over competition for land.
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Many of the herders near the site of last weekend's violence farm in addition to taking care of livestock, creating all the more competition for land.
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Trilobites Hundreds of bodies were packed tightly in carved out bedrock, marked by pillars, a sign of organized "monumentality" by some of East Africa's earliest herders.
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" [The New York Times] • Tens of thousands of nomadic herders in Mongolia face hunger and another bout of the extreme winter conditions known as a "dzud.
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In all, these genetic patterns suggest that early farmers or herders from the Near East swept down through Egypt into East Africa several thousand years ago.
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And the abandoned Kia pickup was found was less than 53,000 feet from the site of an ISIS execution in September of five Shiite buffalo herders.
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A government statement late on Friday did not say who carried out the early morning attack on Ogossagou, a village of Fulani herders in central Mali.
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I've seen fickle rains in the Horn of Africa cause violence between herders who are competing for scarce grass and water for their goats and camels.
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The 3R group emerged in late 2015 to protect the minority Peul population, who are mostly Muslim cattle herders, from attacks by Christian anti-balaka militias.
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Johnston has been helping herders to switch from producing cashmere to yak wool, and using their yak wool for her high-end British knitwear label Tengri.
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Herders in many parts of Qinghai had risen up against the confiscations of land and livestock that were part of Mao's so-called Great Leap Forward.
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Efforts have been made to ease them by, for instance, reaching grazing agreements that allow cattle herders to bring their livestock onto private land during dry spells.
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Indeed, by building permanent monuments, these early herders were helping to forge a community identity, with the cemetery reminding them of their shared history, ideals, and culture.
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Its growing frequency has resulted in mass migration of out-of-work herders to Mongolia's capital Ulaanbaatar, putting a strain on the city over the last decade.
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To help protect herders from climate-related losses to their livestock, the World Bank in Mongolia launched the world's first index-based livestock insurance scheme in 2005.
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"Boys that know how to read and write [so they can text] and know how to use a phone, are extremely useful herders now," Baird told me.
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Farmer-herder clashes have increased partly because Boko Haram and growing desertification in the north have pushed herders toward greener farming areas in the south, analysts said.
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Another clue: the proportion of Indians who can tolerate cows' milk decreases markedly towards the east, suggesting that cattle-herders migrated into the country from the west.
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While many blame drought for pushing herders into trespassing well-maintained private land, those living in the area blame political incitement ahead of Kenya's elections in August.
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But there are many challenges including availability of water and pasture, endemic animal diseases and the closure of migratory routes for herders due to human population growth.
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You can explore the Mongolian steppes with a group of yak herders, visit the Maasai tribe in Kenya, and travel the Malay Archipelago with Borneo's Bajau tribe.
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All herders - both foreign and Tanzanian - have until June 15 to remove their animals from the protected areas, Tanzanian vice president, Samia Hassan Suluhu, said on Monday.
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Farmers increase their yields of organic produce, and come dry season, herders' cattle eat the remaining crops, making the animals healthier, he told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.
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BAUCHI, Nigeria (Reuters) - Nigeria's president called for calm on Sunday after at least 86 people died in clashes between farmers and semi-nomadic herders over the weekend.
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OSLO (Reuters) - Norway's government approved on Thursday the building of a copper mine near Europe's northernmost point despite years of opposition from indigenous Sami herders and fishermen.
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During my visits, Peul traders, herders and elders described a growing Islamist presence that exploited not only their poverty, but also their longstanding grievances with the government.
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The nation would like to find more investment from the United States and other countries it considers "third neighbors" for its cashmere, produced by nomadic goat-herders.
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Interviews with the Tsaatan people, who are domestic reindeer herders in northern Mongolia, suggest that one of the items was a fishing pole made of willow wood.
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Cattle herders have evicted farmers by initiating deadly attacks in Nigeria's middle belt, the report from the Institute for Economics & Peace, a non-profit think tank, said.
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Both have suffered a string of deadly attacks in recent months as armed cattle herders searching for grazing have driven cattle onto private farms and ranches [nL5N1GU3V9].
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Cattle herders have evicted farmers by initiating deadly attacks in Nigeria's Middle Belt, according to the report compiled by non-profit think tank Institute for Economics & Peace.
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Ninety-five percent of the land in Finnmark county is owned by the state, although Sami reindeer herders, who hold legal grazing rights, use much of it.
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The researchers wanted to study a large community of animal herders thought to have built the Lothagam North Pillar site, a communal cemetery, about 5,000 years ago.
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The issue cuts along racial lines, with black Haratin people typically enslaved as cattle herders and domestic servants by the lighter-skinned elite, known as white Moors.
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Another approach would be a national plan letting herders graze certain areas at certain times but forbidding them from others, which would allow ruined pastureland to regrow.
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In poor neighborhoods that ring the city, known as ger districts, herders and others live in traditional round tents without heating, leaving them to burn polluting fuels.
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The abattoir buys goats, sheep, cows and camels for slaughter from herders to export to the Middle East, giving families cash to buy food during the drought.
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Tengri says it pays premium prices to the herders for their fibers and shares any profits with the nomadic community as part of its "fairshare" business model.
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Up to 9,503 herders were expelled in forced marches, given only a day or so to prepare and allowed to take just a few yaks per family.
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Farmers and herders like Tena know their land and water sources are under pressure but have no other options for survival apart from growing crops and breeding animals.
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The 75-year-old former military ruler will also tour other hotspots from Monday onwards, including areas hit by bloody clashes between semi-nomadic herders, the presidency added.
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The fighting between herders and farmers by some accounts has been deadlier than Nigeria&aposs Boko Haram extremist insurgency, which continues to carry out attacks in the northeast.
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A day in the company of Lauri Aatsinki, Aarne's father, Ms Korpela and other Salla herders as they searched for still-breathing reindeer provided something of an answer.
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Traditional systems for sharing resources can break down if farmers suddenly have to adapt to different growing seasons or herders need to move their cattle at different times.
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"During one group interview, respondents described a recent case where herders were able to call for help during an attack where lions seized multiple cattle," the study reads.
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Perhaps Уяач's biggest innovation is the creation of an equine-centered social media network, allowing other owners, trainers, herders, and enthusiasts to follow their favorite stallions and mares.
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"One of the great things about the app is that you can use it when there's no service," said Sodnomtseren Batchuluun, speaking to a common issue for herders.
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Long-running violence over diminishing arable land between farmers and nomadic herders has exploded, with a death toll of more than 229.4,244 since 267.4, according to Amnesty International.
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The majority of Europeans can trace their origins back to several ancestral populations, namely indigenous European hunter-gathers, early farmers from Anatolia (now Turkey), and Eurasian Steppe herders.
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"By tackling the drivers of conflict, mainly competition for scarce resources, these herders and farmers will be more likely to sustain peace," Inks told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.
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"Some countries consider herders as criminals because they cross boundaries and protected areas," she said at a food festival in Turin, Italy, hosted by non-profit Slow Food.
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More concerning is an incursion by Islamists into Mali's center over the past three years, where they have exploited land tensions between Fulani cattle herders and farming peoples.
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The animals overgraze land, spread disease, and devastate dry-season soil amid uncontrollable fires that are lit by herders to clear dense brush and encourage new grass growth.
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It has taken on ethnoreligious tones, with violence often attributed to herders from the Fulani ethnic group, most of whom are Muslim, and Christian farmers from other tribes.
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Herders in northern Senegal normally migrate south starting in January, but this year some have left already, said Alex Merkovic, an Action Against Hunger advisor and data analyst.
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More recently, the United Nations has warned that as fertile land turns into desert in sub-Saharan Africa, deadly clashes between farmers and herders are becoming more common.
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The attackers struck at least two villages inhabited by Fulani herders in the North region, near the border with Mali, the government said in a statement on Monday.
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Probably since the beginning of time, we have roamed the Earth looking for the best place to settle based on our needs as farmers, herders, hunters or fishers.
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And Ms. Dodds said that during the fighting on her ranch, a mysterious truck brought the herders tea, sugar and other supplies so they could extend their siege.
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Far more frightening, the impact these mines had on a population of Afghan farmers and herders who struggled to eke out a living on the booby-trapped soil.
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Digging half-moon trenches is a traditional technique that aid agencies have encouraged throughout the region, often paying farmers or herders in food or cash for their labor.
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In neighboring conflict-hit Mali, he said, Dogon farmers and Fulani herders are fighting over resources as land suffers from growing heat and climate shifts, among other things.
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A conflict between herders and farmers, which began in the central states, has slowly spread to other regions and is thought to be deadlier than the Boko Haram insurgency.
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The residents have accused some local politicians of encouraging herders to bring tens of thousands of cattle onto farms and ranches to drum up support for the August elections.
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According to Fentaw, inhabitants of the Choke area aged between 20 and 40 have no other choice but to work as herders due to a scarcity of cultivable land.
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The communal cemetery was used continuously from about 5,123 years ago to 4,300 years ago by early herders who were living around Lake Turkana in what is now Kenya.
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To remedy this the BRACED program is equipping newly established livestock corridors with animal clinics and fodder sales points, which herders can access for a small fee, Hamadi said.
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Livestock herders in the Horn of Africa may be hundreds of miles from any border post; most of the cattle driven from Ethiopia to Sudan probably use unofficial crossings.
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But the spread of Dinka cattle herders into their territory, together with a sense of exclusion from the Dinka-dominated government (Mr Kiir is a Dinka), has fuelled resentment.
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Mr. Buhari has faced widespread criticism over his government's inability to defeat the renewed Boko Haram insurgency in the northeast, or to end violence between herders and farming communities.
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Violence related to grazing rights has occurred for decades but threatens Buhari's popularity in swing states as herders are mainly from the Fulani ethnic group, as is the president.
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Changing weather patterns are making water harder to find, and frequent changes in land rights add to the struggles of farmers and herders looking for land they can use.
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OSLO, Feb 14 (Reuters) - Norway's government approved on Thursday the building of a copper mine near Europe's northernmost point despite years of opposition from indigenous Sami herders and fishermen.
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Farmer Ibrahim Sabo said cattle herders armed with assault rifles raided his village Kalangai in southern Kaduna in November, forcing him and his family to hide in surrounding fields.
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Human-wildlife conflicts are intensifying amid climate change and population growth, as armed herders often get into deadly shootouts with rangers trying to stop them grazing illegally in conservancies.
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Fulani herders and Dogon farmers have long competed for land and resources in Mali but jihadist groups have exploited their ethnic rivalry to boost recruitment and expand their reach.
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Suu is eyeing China as a potential customer for its dairy products, but Mongolian agriculture remains underdeveloped because of a lack of infrastructure and the remote location of herders.
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In Nigeria this year, fighting between farmers and herders has killed six times more people than Islamist group Boko Haram according to the International Crisis Group, a think-tank.
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As climate change has brought increasingly frequent and prolonged drought and less grass, herders are keeping more goats as they can browse on shrubs and young shoots, unlike cattle.
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A second said her husband was killed a few years ago in a fight with Turkana herders over pasture, and then, last year, the last of her cows died.
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Many of the recent attacks attributed to pastoralists have been carried out by men armed with AK-47s, the police say, although herders have not traditionally carried such weapons.
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But the ancient way of life for the goats' herders is now under threat from climate change, fake imports and the lure of an easier and more comfortable life.
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Herders have illegally grazed more than 100,000 cattle on Sosian over the last five months, the LFA said, while also killing 13 elephants and shooting zebra, impala and buffaloes.
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Meanwhile, livestock herders from Mauritania and Mali are moving across Senegal's northern border to seek grazing as droughts bite, sparking tensions with Senegalese farmers and other residents, he added.
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Fighting over land use between semi-nomadic cattle herders and more settled communities, claims hundreds of lives a year in the middle belt and in the north of Nigeria.
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Congestion and pollution have grown in the capital as its population has doubled over the last two decades, with thousands of impoverished herders flocking to settle in makeshift residential areas.
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The herders use the wool from the sheep to make their blankets and, most importantly, to make the thick felt siding for their gers, which keep them warm and dry.
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For centuries, nomadic herders in Mauritania and across the Sahel, a vast dry region in northwestern Africa, have moved hundreds of miles every year to find pasture for their herds.
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LAGOS, Nigeria – Scores are dead after vicious weekend clashes in central Nigeria between mostly Muslim herders and Christian farmers, with one report citing police as saying 86 people were killed.
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In northern regions such as Turkana and Garissa, not only have the lack of rains caused crops to fail, but also triggered conflicts between herders over scarce water and pasture.
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But many experts and politicians say climate change and expanding agriculture are creating competition for land that is pushing the farmers and herders into conflict, regardless of faith or ethnicity.
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The loss of family herds due to drought, disease, conflict or theft often leaves the herders with little choice but to offer their services to others more powerful than themselves.
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"We see the app as an important tool for herders, and also a news source for racing fans," Artur Byambadorj, one of the app's creators, told me over the phone.
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Worsening droughts are making life far more precarious for herders and farmers in the region, African officials said on the sidelines of the U.N. climate negotiations in Poland this week.
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As climate change brings longer droughts and more unpredictable rainfall, herders often need to travel further and to less-well-known areas to find grass and water for their animals.
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So far, few herders in the region own smart phones - but that may change if they find the app useful, said Andrew Mude of the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI).
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Worsening drought in many parts of east Africa had forced herders to move cattle into areas protected for wildlife in a desperate bid to find new food sources, she said.
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After their term ended, they embarked on a five-month journey that included a camel safari in India and a stay with a tribe of reindeer herders in Northern Mongolia.
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In recent years, cattle herders and farmers have started killing one another over access to shrinking pastures—the number of deaths exceeds fifteen thousand, rivalling that inflicted by Boko Haram.
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BAMAKO (Reuters) - Mali's prime minister and his whole government resigned on Thursday, four weeks after a massacre of some 160 Fulani herders by an ethnic vigilante group shocked the nation.
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Herders or farmers who can expand the number of products they produce and their sources of income are likely to be more resilient to climate and other shocks, experts say.
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The expanding conflict between herders and farmers in the region led to the enforcement of anti-grazing laws by local governments , a move that has exacerbated tensions in affected states.
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The country's most powerful jihadist group, Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin, has concentrated recruitment efforts on the Fulani ethnic group, many of whom are impoverished, disenfranchised, semi-nomadic herders.
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This tribe of nomadic herders originated in a territory called the Pontic-Caspian, and may have spoken Proto-Indo-European, the ancestor of hundreds of Indo-European languages used today.
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The Sichuan earthquake administration, which also assessed the quake magnitude at 7.0, said its epicenter was in Ngawa prefecture, populated chiefly by ethnic Tibetans, many of whom are nomadic herders.
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More than 286 sheep, goats and cows stood in the scorching heat of a desolate no-man's land in arid northern Kenya, as Maasai and Samburu herders negotiated their handover.
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It's an evening routine that he and other herders have repeated their whole lives, just like generations before them, moving their livestock across Nigeria in search of fresh grazing land.
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Ethnic violence between Lendu farmers and Hema livestock herders in the northeastern province of Ituri has forced thousands to seek sanctuary in refugee camps in the regional capital of Bunia.
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But much of the recent surge in violence has taken place in the Middle Belt, where the herders are typically ethnic Fulani and Muslim, and the farmers are mostly Christian.
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At least 50 people were killed in clashes between semi-nomadic cattle herders of President Idriss Deby's Zaghawa ethnic group and settled farmers mostly from the Ouaddian community last month.
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With Israel's victory in the Six-Day War in 1967, the army took over, restricted the herders' movements and expropriated the area as state land — without yet evicting the Bedouins.
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Miners at Kabonga, in an area near Pama reserved for herders to raise their livestock, said buyers included locals and traders from neighboring countries, including Ghana, Togo, Benin and Niger.
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Mongolia has struggled with pollution in its capital, where an influx of out-of-work herders migrating from the countryside has seen the population double in less than two decades.
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That area of East Africa has been in conflict for centuries: it's where the Sahara meets the much inland savannah, where Muslim-Arabic speaking expansionists meet Black African Christian cattle herders.
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In order to boost productivity the government has begun resettling semi-nomadic cattle herders from the Lower Omo basin into permanent villages along irrigated canals—a controversial process known as "villagisation".
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The report said rising conflict between cattle herders and farmers over water and land was a challenge for UNSOM, while people on the move were vulnerable to recruitment by Al Shabaab.
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ROME (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - With their alpine grasslands shrinking due to erratic rainfall and glacier retreat, herders in Peru's central Andes have decided that the future lies in reviving the past.
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Even the Kenyan government has gone high-tech in its fight against climate change, developing an insurance payout program for livestock herders triggered by satellite images of drought afflicted grazing land.
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The Boko Haram insurgency in the northeast has helped to push herders into central Nigeria, say analysts, while changes in the north's climate also encourage nomadic herdsmen to move further south.
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Over 16,000 Kenyan households have already benefited from ILRI's index-based insurance scheme, which provides herders with a payout when rains fail, rather than waiting for animals to die, Mude said.
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This year, many families have already exhausted food stocks meant to last until September, and herders have been forced to migrate four months early in search of grass, U.N. agencies said.
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The 5-year-old tigress has been stalking a scruffy patch of central India for more than two years, mauling herders and farmers from poor villages, along with cows and horses.
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The big crowds have breathed new life into the economy of the remote region around the mountain, creating jobs for residents in the area, many of whom have been alpaca herders.
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Today — even though only a small percentage of the approximately 80,000 Sami are still herders — reindeer leather, bones and antlers continue to be featured in their handmade knives, pouches and jewelry.
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In Kenya, rural herders can buy subsidized insurance that pays them automatically by mobile phone when satellites determine that the available forage in their area is too scarce to support livestock.
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Analysts say the violence between herders and landowners is worse in Laikipia this year because of the elections and because of the severe drought that has desiccated much of eastern Africa.
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ABUJA (Reuters) - Nigeria's president on Tuesday blamed clashes between Muslim cattle herders and Christian farmers on the clamor for land in the face of a population rapidly approaching 200 million people.
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She said that in the past few days, marauding herders had burned down several buildings on her property and fired bullets at her staff, coming closer and closer to her house.
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Many of the contract grazers use trained sheep and goat herders brought to the United States from Peru and other South American countries on what's called the H-2A work visa program.
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Qinghai has a large Tibetan population, many of them yak herders, whom China has controversially been moving into permanent homes rather than allowing them to continue their traditional nomadic way of life.
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"The cattle herders came and wiped out my joy," the 44-year-old widow told the Thomson Reuters Foundation, recalling how her husband had relished working on the farm after his retirement.
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The clashes broke out near the village of Bangui along the West African nation's southern border with neighboring Nigeria after livestock belonging to ethnic Fulani herders damaged the field of a farmer.
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The diversified farm is an example of "climate-smart agriculture" - farming techniques that help growers and herders continue to make a living, even as climate change brings harsher and more unpredictable conditions.
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The cost of insurance is high for poor herders, and they cannot meet some of the criteria such as a requirement for all livestock to be vaccinated, said the Red Cross's Bolormaa.
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In May, the government revoked ownership of more than 1,800 hectares (4,400 acres) of land to redistribute it to local people in an effort to resolve recurring conflicts between farmers and herders.
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So Mohamed and her crew decided to devote a few minutes a day to explaining how livestock insurance works, and how it can help herders get through the worst effects of drought.
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The startup's simplified addressing system is being applied to help adventurous travelers "home share" with Dukha reindeer herders at their mountain camp where there aren't any street names to anchor a trip.
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It's called, yes, Goat Fund Me. And it's part of an ungulate awakening: All across the state, business is booming for herders as panicked homeowners and towns reckon with the wildfire menace.
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It said it needed at least $109 million to help farmers and cattle herders in 10 countries that requested assistance: Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
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The project has also brought together farmers and herders to keep bees and produce honey, grow cassava and rice, and build joint markets where they can trade with each other, Inks said.
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Herders and farmers are deemed at higher risk of infection from the disease, which can devastate livestock, and account for most of the 90 cases recorded so far, according to the WHO.
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Halake said he and other herders looking for pasture are forced to retreat further into the rangelands, where they find themselves facing off against developers and clashing with farmers from rival tribes.
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At the market peak in 2010, the street price of cordyceps was more than $100,000 per kilogramme, launching a craze and enticing herders and farmers like Ma to flock to the mountains.
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Buhari has faced immense criticism on social media from furious Nigerians for his perceived silence over the violence, which many believe is being carried out by cattle herders from the Fulani tribe.
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The country's laws require Mr. Sara, as with other reindeer herders across Norway's High North, to kill a percentage of his herd of 116 as part of the government's reindeer-reduction policy.
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Fulani pastoralists, which include not only herders but older women who sell milk from the livestock, are often referred to disparagingly in local media reports from the nation's mostly Christian urban centers.
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When the crevices they had dug into the bedrock filled up, the herders piled bodies on top of the pits, carefully placing large rocks over the heads and torso of each corpse.
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But the herders covered it over with pebbles and then, to mark the spot, somehow managed to drag a dozen giant basalt pillars to the site from a kilometer or more away.
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Wenquan is a quiet town beyond a pass north of Sayram Lake, the largest alpine lake in Xinjiang and where Kazakh herders graze sheep and offer horseback rides to tourists in summer.
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Two priests and 17 worshippers were killed when armed men, believed to be cattle herders, stormed a Catholic church during early morning Mass on Tuesday in a remote village in Benue state.
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A Reuters reporter saw about 20 camel herders whipping the camels into line as they left central Tripoli, with some camels trying to search for food along the side of the road.
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Swarms of herders from another county had invaded, attacking any farm or cattle ranch in their path, big or small, stealing livestock, ransacking homes and shooting people with high-powered assault rifles.
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Experts say Africa is the most vulnerable to climate shocks, with more frequent droughts and floods stretching people to their limits as farmers and herders are left with little time to recover.
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Semi-nomadic Maasai herders and hunter-gatherer Hadzabe communities in Tanzania's northern rangelands have lived side by side with wildlife for centuries, co-existing peacefully and safeguarding the region's fragile ecological balance.
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A Reuters reporter saw about 20 camel herders whipping the camels into line as they left central Tripoli, with some camels trying to search for food along the side of the road.
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At the market peak in 2010, the street price of cordyceps was more than $23,000 per kilogram, launching a craze and enticing herders and farmers like Ma to flock to the mountains.
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Clashes between semi-nomadic cattle herders of President Idriss Deby's Zaghawa ethnic group and settled farmers mostly from the Ouaddian community have left at least 50 people dead in the past two weeks.
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The last breed in her results was Samoyed, a type of dog originally named after a group of nomadic Siberian reindeer herders who bred the pups to round up reindeer and pull sleds.
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Cereal production has been good in crop-growing parts of Somaliland in the north, but drought continues in other parts of the semi-autonomous region where most people are livestock herders, it said.
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The density of Mr. Teriokhin's sweater designs, which gesture at (among other things) ballet, ancient armor and Mongolian herders who raise the Kashmir goats that provide the wool, reflect his own complicated history.
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An attack on a church in Nigeria left at least 19 people dead, including two priests, in the latest incident of violence between nomadic herders and farmers in the country's volatile middle belt.
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PARIS (Reuters) - Malian authorities must react strongly after at least 16 Fulani herders were killed in suspected ethnic clashes, France's foreign ministry said on Monday as its former colony gears up for elections.
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Digging wells, giving out seeds and fertiliser and providing safe pasture for herders are among the inducements offered by Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA), which split from Nigeria's Boko Haram in 2016.
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They were used historically by herders to call to their cows and are often blown in the evening, when their resonating sounds that carry for miles seem to usher in the falling dusk.
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"Herders migrating with their livestock pose the biggest risk of the epidemic crossing borders," Oumarou Maidadji, medical coordinator for The Alliance for International Medical Action (ALIMA), told the Thomson Reuters Foundation by phone.
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MAKURDI, Nigeria - A Reuters analysis of land use data shows how a massive expansion of farming in Nigeria's Middle Belt has cut access to grazing land for nomadic herders and fueled persistent violence.
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If the coming dry season in Nigeria follows the pattern of previous years, violence will soon erupt between herders in search of water for their cattle and farmers determined to protect their land.
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His ethnically mixed village, on the rocky lip of the Rift Valley, adjoins the 100,000-acre (400-sq-km) Laikipia Nature Conservancy, a privately owned park where hundreds of armed herders have camped.
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Because of the region's extreme seasonal temperature variations, the animals grow exceptionally soft undercoats, which herders comb ethically by hand to both maintain the health of the breed and protect those cherished fibers.
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The central part of Nigeria is also becoming mired in clashes between farmers and herders over land for grazing; statics from Amnesty International say the conflict claimed more than 3,600 lives last year.
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Conflict has swept the country's heartland, where hundreds have died in clashes between Muslim herders and mainly Christian farmers, and militants continue to operate in the oil-rich Delta region in the southeast.
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When these nations enforced their borders, the fishermen and cattle herders of Bougourmi, which is in Chad, were cut off from the lake's biggest market, which is in Baga, on the Nigerian shoreline.
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Many who fall into this category are nomadic herders; their way of life is fundamentally at odds with the enforcement of legal boundaries, and they are indifferent to the existence of nation-states.
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Kenyan scientist Andrew Mude won the 2016 Norman Borlaug Award for Field Research and Application on Tuesday for developing livestock insurance, using state-of-the-art technologies, for herders in East Africa's drylands.
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State police spokesman Terver Akase told CNN the attackers were thought to be Fulani cattle herdsmen, Bello Bodejo, head of the cattle herders association, Miyetti Allah, denied the group's involvement in the attacks.
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Herders in southeastern Ethiopia will be worst hit over the next three months, it said, with hunger reaching the fourth "emergency" level on a five-phase scale, where the fifth level is famine.
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As attacks by Ansarul Islam and jihadists with other affiliations have multiplied, they have set off fighting between ethnic communities in the north, with the Mossi majority accusing Fulani herders of harboring militants.
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The news spread throughout the region, and tens of thousands of men, young and old, descended on Djado, leaving behind livelihoods as farmers and herders which are increasingly tenuous due to climate change.
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She has been in government since 2013, first catching attention as an outspoken agriculture minister who took on small farmers and reindeer herders from the country's indigenous Sami minority by cutting back subsidies.
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Gunmen killed at least 110 Fulani herders in central Mali on Saturday, a local mayor said, in one of the deadliest such attacks in a region reeling from worsening ethnic and jihadist violence.
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The terrorists appear to have shifted their goals from stoking conflict between farmers and herders to inducing a similar divide between Muslims and Christians, Burkina Faso's president, Roch Marc Christian Kaboré, said recently.
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As the nation's population has soared and available grazing land has shrunk, farmers have settled on land that herders have used for hundreds of years as grazing routes to move their cattle seasonally.
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It also said the Massina Brigades, a central Malian group mostly staffed by Fulani herders, and an offshoot of al Qaeda's north African wing called the Sahara Emirat, would join the merged entity.
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Sanchir Jargalsaikhan, a political scientist in Ulan Bator, said climate change had intensified summer droughts and winter cold spells, making it harder to maintain livestock and forcing more herders into overcrowded ger districts.
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"Women pastoralists are the first up in the morning and the last to go to bed at night," said Aminetou Mint Maouloud, who started the country's first association of women herders in 2014.
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So, while everyone from camel herders to country folk have been guzzling camel milk—warm, frothy, and straight from the teat—for centuries, it's taken until recently to consider turning it into cheese.
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Digging wells, giving out seeds and fertilizer and providing safe pasture for herders are among the inducements offered by Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA), which split from Nigeria's Boko Haram in 2016.
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Reindeer herders have said the sight and sound of the turbines in the park, to be built in an area on Norway's northwest coast used as pastures during winter months, could frighten the animals.
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Often, rather, they are deliberate targets, shot by poachers, who want their ivory; by farmers, because of the damage they do to crops; and by cattle herders, who see them as competitors for forage.
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BAMAKO (Reuters) - The death toll from an attack on Saturday by gunmen on Fulani herders in Mali has risen to 110, and more bodies are still being discovered, local mayor Moulaye Guindo told Reuters.
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Deadly clashes between herders and farmers in central Nigeria are a growing security concern in Africa&aposs most populous country, which is roughly split between Muslims in the north and Christians in the south.
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Officials are concerned the droughts will lead to crop failures that will leave the country's semi-nomadic herders with insufficient fodder to help sustain their animals through the country's notoriously long and cold winter.
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At least 55 people were killed in fighting between farmers and herders in Nigeria, underscoring the poor state of security in many parts of the country ahead of a presidential election scheduled for February.
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All of which led your correspondent to wonder, after two days spent mostly among dead or soon-to-be dead reindeer, hearing stories about vicious wolverines and poor herders, about the practice's enduring appeal.
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Dogs were mentioned in accounts of ancient warfare Dogs of all sorts have been used as hunters, herders and sentinels for pretty much all of recorded time (the term "watchdog" exists for a reason).
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After a quieter wet season in the summer, experts now fear clashes could surge again as the dry season begins, forcing herders to move south towards greener land and water supplies, often across farmland.
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"We used to have weekly meetings where each member would give 200 Kenyan shillings ($1.93) to buy milk from livestock herders and resell it to town dwellers," she recalled, bending to water her vegetables.
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Violence has escalated in recent months as jihadist groups, once confined to the remote north of the west African state, have exploited ethnic tensions to recruit Fulani herders and extend their presence farther south.
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Michael Uguru, a professor of agriculture at the University of Nigeria, said he worried that the grazing ban would put even more stress on herders already vulnerable to losing cattle every time drought hits.
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Violence involving Fulani herders and farmers from other ethnic groups has been widespread since 503 but most frequent in Nigeria's Middle Belt, a region where the mostly Christian south converges with the Islamic north.
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In late March the herders' animals were being treated with medicine and supplements from the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization, which has 120 teams of vets helping over 8 million livestock across the country.
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ROME (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Africa's nomadic cattle herders have for years come under pressure from governments and farmers to settle down and stop their livestock roaming, destroying crops and creating conflict along the way.
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Now, at 26, she has turned that curiosity into a series that looks at the lives of Peruvian sheep herders who work in Washington State, where Ms. Jaramillo is a full-time freelance photographer.
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That drought forced 800,000 to one million Syrian farmers and herders to abandon their land and livestock and move to the edges of Syrian cities and towns, where they had to scrounge for work.
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Established in the 1970s, it was one of seven towns built in the Negev to accommodate the traditionally seminomadic Bedouin herders as part of a government policy of resettlement and integration into Israeli society.
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The attacks in Ituri province have mostly targeted Hema herders, who have long been in conflict with Lendu farmers over grazing rights and political representation, although the exact identity of the assailants remains murky.
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A few months ago, a group of tourists staying at a fancy Laikipia lodge had to be airlifted to safety because heavy gunfights between the police and armed herders were coming closer and closer.
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OSLO (Reuters) - Norway said on Friday it would build a wind park in an area used for reindeer grazing despite U.N. calls to suspend the project to study the impact on the indigenous herders' livelihoods.
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Conflict over grazing land and water, chiefly between semi-nomadic Muslim herders and Christian farmers, has piled pressure on authorities already facing an Islamist insurgency in its northeast and rebels in the oil-rich south.
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"We have seen evidence of pastoralists accessing smartphones when they recognize the value it delivers," said Mude who helped pioneer the use of satellite imagery to trigger insurance payouts for herders when forage is scarce.
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The app could be part of a broader push to protect herders from worsening drought, helping them cut livestock deaths even as a government livestock insurance program helps them recover from unavoidable losses, he said.
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Herders - who have been adapting to erratic weather for decades - have much to teach about coping with climate change, said Elizabeth Carabine, a research fellow at the Overseas Development Institute, a London-based think tank.
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The freezing nights, the food shortages and -- worst of all -- the mortars and artillery shells that land with terrifying regularity on this area of desert, which is a temporary home to sheep and cattle herders.
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TURIN, Italy, Sept 22 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Nomadic herders across Africa can work in tandem with farmers and produce sustainable food without damaging the land or harming the planet, experts and pastoralists said on Saturday.
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Clashes between herders and farmers are intensifying and growing deadlier in nations like Mali and Nigeria as climate change, bringing extreme weather, droughts and desertification, along with a population boom, has increased conflict over land.
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BAMAKO (Reuters) - Suspected jihadists killed 40 Tuaregs, mostly young men, in two attacks in northern Mali's Menaka region, which the local governor said seemed calculated to spark an ethnic conflict between Tuareg and Fulani herders.
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"If we now get pour[ing] rain coming on the snow, it means that the reindeer food, it's going to be in [an] icebox," Matti Sarkela with the Reindeer Herders' Association said in Bloomberg's video.
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Joseph Intsiful, a coordinator of the WISER climate information service, said one goal of the project was to ensure that data gathered by meteorological services is turned into information genuinely useful for herders and farmers.
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The local government cracked down on the practice of subdividing and selling in order to preserve communally-held land where herders could bring their animals to graze, instead of encroaching on private property, he said.
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Rising prosperity in Ghana's semi-arid north, the poorest part of the West African country, has led to more people buying cows, drawing in more semi-nomadic herders who are hired to look after them.
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The March 23 killings by suspected hunters from the Dogon community on Ogossagou, a village in central Mali populated by rival Fulani herders, were bloody even by the recent standards of Mali's ever-worsening violence.
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If all goes well, nearly 70,000 herders will have diversified their income by the end of the aid project in March, through farming but also other activities such as honey and timber production, Aklilu said.
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With large swathes of the country hit by recurring periods of drought, Kenyan herders and farmers are increasingly eager to sell animals when conditions turn worse rather than lose them to insufficient water and pasture.
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There have been numerous attacks in the drought-stricken region of Laikipia in recent months as armed cattle herders searching for scarce grazing have driven tens of thousands of cattle onto private farms and ranches.
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A wave of violence has hit Isiolo's neighboring Laikipia region in recent months as armed herders searching for grazing have driven tens of thousands of cattle onto private farms and ranches from denuded communal land.
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GOMA, Democratic Republic of Congo — Ethnic clashes between Hema herders and Lendu farmers in the northeastern province of Ituri in the Democratic Republic of Congo have killed more than 40 people, local officials said Friday.
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Also, although the ranch employing the Peruvian herders has a federal license to graze on public lands, there is still opposition from people concerned about the threat posed to natural species by the grazing herds.
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One of the cattle breeders associations in Plateau complained to the state government and security forces that more than 400 of their cattle had been stolen with their herders attacked or killed in recent months.
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Spending time with the herders during their biannual reindeer roundup, in which they count their herds and take stock of their animals' health, Avdeev didn't think much about the coronavirus and neither did his hosts.
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In their section of the municipal cemetery, the Herero, traditional cattle herders, exhibited the horns of a cow belonging to their late paramount chief — drawing complaints, presumably from people tending to the cemetery's German section.
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Photo Essay For hundreds of years, nomadic Dokpa yak herders moved between the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayan valleys of Sikkim, following migration patterns that were crucial to their culture and their livestock.
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A U.N. committee of experts on torture voiced concerns in November about a lack of oversight of the koglweogo, saying the groups were implicated in a massacre of dozens of Fulani herders in January 2019.
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Their next steps are to determine the economic impact that the killings of farm animals have on the pasture herders, and then to develop strategies that will help reduce interactions between humans and the cats.
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In the past several months, waves of cattle rustlers and herders have invaded farms and nature reserves in northern Kenya, including Ms. Gallmann's, which is so big that it takes hours to cross by car.
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Here, on a mountain-high grassland called Jinyintan in Qinghai Province, thousands of Tibetan and Mongolian herders were expelled to create a secret town where a nuclear arsenal was built to defend Mao Zedong's revolution.
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As with much of the region, Chad's dry and difficult climate is a tinderbox for tensions between farmers and herders, each in need of rapidly shrinking amounts of land and water relative to an exploding population.
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THE view northward from the centre of Mongolia's capital takes in not only the mountains that rise at the edge of the city, but also sprawling settlements of nomadic herders who have moved to their slopes.
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Transhumance remains predominantly a male activity, with women typically staying at home to manage harvests, any remaining animals and finances, said Aminetou Mint Maouloud, who set up the country's first association of women herders in 2014.
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A series of attacks in Ituri province has mostly targeted Hema herders, who have long been in conflict with Lendu farmers over grazing rights and political representation, although the exact identity of the assailants remains murky.
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Violence between Dogon hunters and Fulani herders has killed hundreds since January, including an attack in March in which gunmen killed more than 150 Fulani, one of the worst acts of bloodshed in Mali's recent history.
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DAR ES SALAAM (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Tanzania has begun a nationwide program to seize land left undeveloped by investors and return it to poor farmers, in a bid to quell conflicts between farmers, herders and developers.
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The most shocking involves the kidnap, gang rape and brutal murder of an eight-year-old girl from a community of nomadic herders who migrate seasonally from the highlands of Kashmir to the plains of Jammu.
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"The rich herders are now in Nairobi," says Jarso Mokku of the Drylands Learning and Capacity Building Initiative, an NGO based in Nairobi, Kenya's capital, that promotes the cause of pastoralists in the Horn of Africa.
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Herders around the Arctic in other Nordic nations, Russia, Canada and Alaska, echo the Norwegian Sami concerns, citing threats from climate change, mining, oil spills and poaching as well as thoughtless behavior from townspeople and tourists.
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While relations between herders and farmers who were not involved deteriorated over the four years, those inside the project felt it was safer to work and travel without fear of violence, according to the aid agency.
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Slavery cuts along racial lines in the Islamic republic on the edge of the Sahara, with black Haratin people typically enslaved as cattle herders and domestic servants by the lighter-skinned elite, known as white Moors.
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When herders in Pakistan explained they lost more livestock to disease than to predators, offering a vaccination program in exchange for tolerance of a few losses to snow leopards was an obvious, and quite successful solution.
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GUILOKI, Niger (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - When Moumouni Abdoulaye and his fellow herders in western Niger used to set off on scouting missions in search of water, they feared for their livestock - and for their own lives.
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Islamist groups have for more than a decade destabilized the sparsely populated desert north, but in the past three years they have exploited conflicts between Fulani cattle herders and farmers in Mali's wetter, more populated center.
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Herders around the Arctic in other Nordic nations, Russia, Canada and Alaska, echo the Norwegian Sami concerns, citing threats from climate change, mining, oil spills and poaching as well as thoughtless behaviour from townspeople and tourists.
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During the rainy season—and you know how long the rains last in Rwanda—herders sought shelter under an isinde: this was a sort of individual shelter that you could carry with you, like a hood.
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ACCRA, August 2 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Agricultural development in northern Ghana is lifting people out of poverty, but researchers say progress has come at a deadly cost, worsening an age-old conflict between farmers and herders.
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The new study focuses on the Tsaatan herders who rely on ice patches as a source of water for themselves and their reindeer, as well as a place to retreat from irritating bugs and summer heat.
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The case allowed nomadic herders to negotiate directly with the local government and a major mining company about impacts the Oyu Tolgoi mine, which EXIM supported, has had on local pastureland, water resources and herding livelihoods.
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ILRI is also encouraging herders to keep fewer, healthier animals, which fetch a better price at local markets, instead of trucking their cattle for 24 hours to the capital, Nairobi, where cartels control sales, he said.
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But now he and other herdsmen are facing a serious threat to their way of life: Nigeria's rapidly expanding population means more people want to farm on land that has been used by herders for centuries.
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Prehistoric herders would have had to have detailed knowledge of the location of alpine pastures, be able to cope with unpredictable weather and have the technological knowledge to transform milk into a nutritious and storable product.
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But he and other herders like him represent the last remnants of a vanished past that Kazakhstan — now, thanks to immense oil reserves, slightly richer per capita than Russia — both celebrates and desperately wants to escape.
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They began to seek out herders who bring cattle or sheep onto the plateaus after the monsoon season when the sparse vegetation of the hot months gives way to a burst of lush grass and flowers.
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On this one rugged plateau, poor herders, rich landowners, large- and small-scale farmers, commercial cattle ranchers, tour operators, passionate wildlife activists, elephants, lions, hyenas, cows, goats and zebras are all competing for the same space.
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Many of the invading herdsmen are young Samburu, and ecologists say that in recent decades, the group's land has been thoroughly overgrazed, driving the herders to new areas, whether others are already living there or not.
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Before that, it seems there were types of dogs, like herders or guard dogs, but during the Victorian era, dog breeding became so mixed up that it is hard to trace breed ancestry back any further.
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Dozens have been killed and injured in Kenya's Laikipia region over the last year as armed herders searching for pasture have driven tens of thousands of cattle onto private farms and ranches from overgrazed communal land.
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Four members of the Kardebai family, local herders who served as scouts on Trump Jr.&aposs hunt, confirmed to ProPublica that they were paid for their services but wouldn&apost disclose how much or by whom.
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Dozens were killed and injured in Kenya's drought-stricken Laikipia region last year as armed herders searching for scarce grazing land drove tens of thousands of cattle onto private farms and ranches from poor-quality communal land.
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In the past 30 years, 20 percent of the entire population has made its way to Ulaanbaatar, and many of them are displaced farmers, herders, and rural residents who have come to the city to find work.
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At least $2.7 million is required each week to provide water via more than 600 trucks to millions of people, mostly livestock herders in southern Ethiopia, but there is only funding for 300-odd trucks, OCHA said.
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Below, herders who come from hundreds of miles away receive illustrated messages in Sango (a local language), Arabic and French, warning them not to chop down trees, carry guns, hunt game or poach elephants within the park.
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Now, a team of Mongolian mobile developers is trying to innovate centuries-old herding practices with an iOS app called Уяач ("seller"), designed for horse breeders and herders, who typically own dozens—if not hundreds—of horses.
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Millions of small farmers and herders in Ethiopia have been moved from the land offered to investors and relocated under "villagisation" programs, often with threats and assaults, according to rights groups, including GRAIN and the Oakland Institute.
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Springs and streams have dried up across the far northern Sahelian belt, prompting large numbers of herders to seek other pastures and sources of water for their cattle in the savannah of Nigeria's central and southern states.
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Kikon has the right idea, according to Wilfred Subbo, a professor of development anthropology at the University of Nairobi, who said all Maasai herders should be shrinking their herds if they are to survive Kenya's frequent droughts.
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One of the most popular breeds of hybrid cattle in Kenya, Friesians are zero-grazing cows, meaning they live on farms and eat hay and fodder instead of traveling around with herders looking for pasture, Subbo explained.
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"The Nigerian government has displayed what can only be described as gross incompetence and has failed in its duty to protect the lives of its population and end the intensifying conflict between herders and farmers," Ojigho said.
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As they cross borders in search of feed during transhumance journeys, the herders are sometimes viewed as a security threat, amid fears they could traffick weapons to rebels, said Argaw Ambelu, a professor at Ethiopia's Jimma University.
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Livestock herding is a traditional activity in West Africa's Sahel, a semi-arid belt below the Sahara, but herders have become increasingly vulnerable to food insecurity as climate change disrupts rain patterns in the region, experts say.
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African-American cowboys first emerged in the southwest United States at the conclusion of the Civil War, when freed African-American slaves migrated west to seek opportunities in a host of professions including cow herders and ranchers.
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BAMAKO (Reuters) - At least 23 people are dead and 300 missing after an attack on Sunday on a village of Fulani herders in central Mali where communal violence has surged in recent months, a local mayor said.
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VR works are multifocal by default, and Herders is no exception — at any given moment you can gaze at the horizon, eye a musical performance, or spy an old man eating in the corner of a tent.
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As the viewer is enclosed in the movement of the work — as though truly present, for example, at the herders' family dinner — empathetic identification with the subjects is heightened to a degree only graspable if experienced firsthand.
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It followed the March 23 massacre by suspected militiamen from the Dogon ethnic group of rival Fulani herders in the village of Ogossagou, the deadliest act of ethnic bloodshed in West Africa's Sahel region in living memory.
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The quiet approvals of these coal power plants doesn't just make life harder for the Inner Mongolian herders or local officials struggling to meet their pollution goals, it could completely undermine global efforts to stop climate change.
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Hundreds of people have died in the northwest region this year, adding to security problems in a country already struggling with Islamist insurgencies in the northeast and a brutal conflict between farmers and herders in central states.
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The only thing most of the remaining land was good for was grazing, but cattle ranchers and sheep herders needed large tracts of land to feed their livestock, not the smaller parcels they could claim through homestead policies.
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Mugeni, a member of the Chuka community, living some 200 km (124 miles) northeast of the capital, Nairobi, saw that the men were Tharaka herders, who rely on the river to water their goats and cattle - and ran.
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Gun battles between herders in Kenya's arid north over access to grazing and water is linked to communal ownership, said Kamau Ngugi, head of the Nairobi-based National Coalition of Human Rights Defenders, which supports land rights activists.
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That extremist threat has been cited as one cause of the growing tensions in central Nigeria as herders — also feeling the effects of climate change — are forced south into more populated farming communities in search of safe grazing.
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That extremist threat has been cited as one cause of the growing tensions in central Nigeria as herders -- also feeling the effects of climate change -- are forced south into more populated farming communities in search of safe grazing.
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The report from the mission provides the most comprehensive portrait to date of the human cost of months of violence between Lendu pastoralists and Hema herders since December that has caused one of Africa's most serious refugee crises.
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Its armed forces have their hands full with a jihadist insurgency in the north-east, banditry in the north-west and clashes between farmers and herders in the "middle belt"—all of which are far deadlier than piracy.
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Mave Grace's home village of Tchee lies in the eastern Ituri region, where ethnic strife between Hema herders and Lendu farmers has cost untold lives and forced tens of thousands to flee since it started earlier this year.
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In many parts of East Africa, governments are pushing for pastoralist communities to switch to settled farming with supporters saying such a move will create better food security, curb conflict between herders and farmers, and free up land.
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The government says farmers' water-intensive methods and herders' cattle have brought the once mighty river close to death, but farmers and pastoralists say they have lived in harmony with nature for decades, and are victims of drought.
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Mohammed, whose organization represents pastoralists from the Fulani tribe, one of the country's largest ethnic groups, said herders moving their animals south to Benue, known as the nation's food basket, often find the only available fodder is crops.
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Locals in remote villages in Kaduna state told Reuters Muslim herders had clashed with largely Christian farmers repeatedly in recent weeks, in the worst outbreak of killings in the region since riots killed 800 after elections in 2011.
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NAIROBI (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Samburu herders in Kenya are fighting for control of 22011,000 acres of land that a former president sold to become a national park, in a case fraught with tensions over conservation and colonial dispossession.
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Hundreds of jobs were lost when herders began coming onto private land, forcing hotels and lodges to shutter - in one case, evacuating guests via helicopter - and cattle ranchers to sell off cattle before they were shot or stolen.
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The shutdown has brought Kashmir's economy to a halt, with farmers, herders, small businesses and daily wage laborers worst-hit, said Kavita Krishnan, a civil society activist who returned from a five-day visit to Kashmir on Tuesday.
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The region experienced one of its bloodiest days in living memory on Saturday, when gunmen in central Mali killed at least 157 people in a village inhabited by Fulani herders — prompting the government to vow to disarm vigilantes.
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They followed a deadly assault by jihadists on an army post that killed at least 23 soldiers, also in Mali's central region, which was claimed by an al Qaeda affiliate that counts many Fulani herders in its ranks.
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Unusually high prices of staples posed an extra challenge for nomadic herders as shortages of water and pastureland had a harmful impact on animals, leading to lower livestock prices and leaving pastoralists with even less income, FAO said.
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In the Hamar region, where Orgo lives, 1.5 million of the 3 million animals that herders owned perished during the particularly brutal 2015-2016 drought, when the region saw poor rainfall for 18 months, according to district authorities.
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Political and social tensions, such as a stalled peace process between the government and armed groups in Mali, are pushing youths to jihad, as are growing rivalries between farmers and cattle herders and rights abuses by national armies.
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And while it does quietly observe the routines of work and domesticity among itinerant cattle herders and rodeo riders, "Neon Bull" also ventures into more adventurous terrain, examining the sex lives of people and animals with equal fascination.
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The areas where hunting is allowed are specified and set in a way so that more bears are killed in reindeer herding territories, to protect indigenous herders such as the Samis, and juvenile bears may not be hunted.
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We are helping Kenyan communities adapt to climate change by promoting local climate information for both herders and farmers, developing innovative economic savings programs so they can get through lean times, and offering training in natural resource management.
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Russian photographer Max Avdeev set off in late February for a journey that had become somewhat of a tradition: roaming the wilderness in Russia's far north with a group of reindeer herders on snowmobiles, completely off the grid.
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Eliinor Marita, the leader of a regional group of Sami raindeer herders and a member of the Sami Parliament of Norway, wrote in an online post that she was grateful to the school for having brought the children.
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More than 80 people were killed in one of the deadliest recent episodes, in June, when armed Fulani Muslim herders opened fire on Christian villages in Plateau State, burning homes and shooting people to death as they slept.
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NAIROBI (Reuters) - Armed cattle herders have been flooding onto farms and wildlife conservancies in drought-ravaged northern Kenya, leading to violence in which at least 11 people have been killed and a tourist lodge torched, residents said on Thursday.
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This is causing conflict with farmers along the way - with herds damaging fields and cattle raiders stealing animals - and threatening an age-old way of life as rising poverty forces more herders to sell up and move to cities.
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The discovery of oil in the Kerio Valley sparked off a rush for land with "powerful individuals" irregularly transferring community land into their names, said Joel Kiptunoi, an elder of the Kong'ot clan, who are mainly herders and farmers.
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ISIOLO, Kenya (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - It only lasts about two and half minutes, but the brief message Asma Mohamed broadcasts on her daily radio show has become essential listening for more than half a million herders in northern Kenya.
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DAR ES SALAAM (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Drought-afflicted herders have been ordered to remove their cattle from Tanzania's national parks, where they had moved in a bid to find new food sources, the Tanzanian government said late on Monday.
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The "alliance farming" model allows pastoralists and farmers in 20 communities in Cameroon's northwest region to share the same piece of land, said Ndamba, the vice-president of MBOSCUDA - a group working to protect the rights of Mbororo herders.
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In May, state governor Samuel Orton told reporters that the Livestock Guards, an agency created to enforce the grazing law, had arrested about 400 herders and convicted 103 for breaking the law in Benue over the last two years.
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ABUJA, Jan 8 (Reuters) - A total of 71 people have been killed in a week of violence in Nigeria's Benue state, a government spokesman said on Monday, much of it involving clashes between Muslim cattle herders and Christian farmers.
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ISWA - which split from Boko Haram in 2016 - has tried to win over local people by digging wells, giving out seeds and providing safe pasture for herders in a bid to form an administration around the shores and islands.
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This gorgeous Himalayan route links the summer camps of nomadic Gujjar goat herders, and I wanted to bring photos to those with whom I had stayed on my earlier visit — but military permission is required to enter this area.
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This has created enormous herds of mangy, unproductive, unwanted cattle that herders don't dare to kill, either because of specific cow protection laws that vary state by state or because they are terrified of being lynched by Hindu extremists.
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Security forces in Nigeria, which has Africa's biggest economy and whose security is central to regional stability, are already stretched tackling a decade-long Islamist insurgency in the northeast and communal fighting between farmers and herders over dwindling land.
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Officials governing a large area of northern China say their region is suffering from the worst drought on record, leading to crops wilting and farmers and herders growing desperate to get water to farmlands, grasslands, animals and their households.
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Livestock herding is a traditional way of making a living in West Africa's Sahel, a semi-arid belt below the Sahara, but herders have become increasingly vulnerable to food insecurity as climate change disrupts rain patterns in the region.
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Mapping technologies can help preserve the traditions and livelihoods of herders, manage the challenges and reduce conflicts, said Amy Coughenour, head of the Cadasta Foundation, a Washington-based non-profit that develops digital tools to document and analyze land data.
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The livestock to be vaccinated are nearly one million sheep, goats, cattle and buffalo belonging to 210,000 Sunni Muslim herders who were living in Islamic State's strongholds in the area, said Paul Schlunke, FAO's senior emergency response coordinator in Iraq.
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After all this, it hardly sounds strange that there exists a Finnish horror-adventure-fantasy movie about reindeer herders fighting an undead Santa who from beyond the grave controls an army of "helper elves" who kidnap naughty children, does it?
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NAIROBI (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Renewed invasions of private ranches by herders in Kenya's northern Laikipia region a year after similar invasions led to deadly conflicts is a sign of cracks in the country's land use system, experts said on Wednesday.
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The episode, which aired Sunday, followed the celebrity chef and his friend, director Darren Aronofsky , across Bhutan in South Asia as they ate with traditional yak herders in the Himalayas and dined in the country's capital of Thimpu, Eater said .
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As a warming climate spurs more extreme weather, herders in Kenya's arid and semi-arid northern parts can lose up to 0003 percent of their livestock when drought hits, according to the Pastoralist Capacity Development Programme, a local non-profit.
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For herders to encroach on government and private land is normal in Africa, but the size of the herds, the involvement of political and military bigwigs as cattle barons, and the proliferation of weapons have all got out of hand.
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GOMA, Democratic Republic of Congo (Reuters) - At least 40 people have been killed in the last 48 hours in ethnic violence in northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo between Hema cattle herders and Lendu farmers, a local official said on Tuesday.
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A wave of violence has hit Kenya's drought-stricken Laikipia region in recent months as armed cattle-herders searching for scarce grazing land have driven tens of thousands of cattle onto private farms and ranches from poor quality communal land.
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GOMA, Democratic Republic of Congo (Reuters) - Ethnic clashes between Hema herders and Lendu farmers in northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo's Ituri province have killed more than 40 people, local officials said on Friday, in the second such incident in a month.
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NAIROBI (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Maasai herders near Tanzania's famous Serengeti wildlife park have asked a regional court to stop the government intimidating witnesses supporting their legal bid to return to their ancestral land, a lawyer for the community said on Thursday.
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As drought and a boom in housing development eat away at available grazing land, the number of Maasai herders taking up crop farming has grown by 40% over the past decade, said current county committee member for agriculture Jackline Koin.
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Chidera's grandfather is only one of the hundreds of people who have been murdered by Fulani herdsmen — cattle herders from northern Nigeria who, until recently, were benign figures in the southern imagination, walking across the country with their grazing cattle.
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Some of that money should also go to develop alternatives to bushmeat, to reduce conflict with wildlife (for instance, by building better nighttime corrals) and to compensate livestock herders for the burden of living with lions and other dangerous animals.
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Herders normally belong to the Fulani ethnic group, one of West Africa's largest, and are regarded as strangers in Ghana even if they were born there, said Clement Aapengnuo, head of a peacebuilding center in the northern town of Damongo.
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MARSABIT, Kenya (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - At 7am, the Kubi-Qallo borehole near Goro Rukesa village in northern Kenya is already a hive of activity, as dozens of herders line up for their animals' turn to drink at the watering trough.
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It was here, among ancient buddhist temples, Shia Muslim villages and semi nomadic yak herders that Ian spent several months as a traveling hockey coach, sharing his love for the game in its purest form with the people of Ladakh.
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But with the arrival of the first cattle herders in Europe some 5,000 years ago, a chance mutation that left it turned on provided enough of a nutritional leg up that nearly all of those who survived eventually carried it.
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Article of the Day Before reading the article: Take a look at this slide show of photographs of the indigenous Sami people who live in the northern reaches of Sweden, Norway, Finland and Russia, many of whom are reindeer herders.
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Her father, Per Henrik Eira, 56, together with his fellow herders, recently sued a government energy project led by Statnett, the government-owned electric company, which they say is threatening to overtake a large portion of their summer grazing lands.
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The herders built a platform approximately 30 meters in diameter, with a deep cavity where about 580 men, women and children were buried side by side, each wearing nearly the same amount of ornaments, and no sign of special treatment.
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Tristan Voorspuy, a British army veteran, was shot dead on Sosian in March, one of dozens killed and injured in Laikipia as armed herders searching for grazing have driven their cattle onto private farms and ranches from poor quality communal land.
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Hundreds of people have died in clashes this year between herders and farmers in central Nigeria in an outbreak of violence that has put pressure on President Muhammadu Buhari less than a year before an election he wants to contest.
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In Laikipia, north of Nairobi, herders from the Samburu and Pokot tribes tend to back the opposition, while smallholder farmers from the Turkana and Kikuyu ethnic groups usually support President Uhuru Kenyatta's Jubilee party, said Martin Evans, head of the Laikipia Farmers' Association.
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Millions of farmers and herders across Africa have been pushed into crisis by drought this year, raising questions about the ability of aid to break the hunger cycle, despite a resolve to do so after famine killed 21990,53 people in Somalia in 25.
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Eastern Africa's earliest monumental cemetery—as in, a cemetery containing monuments, such as pillars, cairns, and other landmarks—was built by the region's first herders some 5,000 years ago, according to new research published today in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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A long time (a few hours) ago, in a galaxy (website) far far away... MeUndies has debuted his and hers underwear that could make even the most stuck-up, scruffiest, half-witted nerf-herders look like a snack — no Jedi mind tricks required.
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BANGKOK (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Tens of thousands of nomadic herders in Mongolia face hunger and the loss of their livelihoods, the Red Cross warned on Thursday, as temperatures plummet and heavy snow blankets much of the country for a second straight winter.
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The celebration was a reminder that Russia's underground Arctic resources, made more accessible thanks to global warming, have created a cascade of wealth even as reindeer herders, hunters and fishermen complain of pollution and disruption from new oil wells and gas pipelines.
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It's clear that herders value and prize their bulls above everything else – ensuring they are fed even on days when there isn't enough food for their families (and in Tamil Nadu, currently facing its worst drought in 140 years, those days are many).
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Their kidnappers, she said, were an elderly man with a graying beard who the girls nicknamed "Baba" — meaning uncle — and a younger, light-skinned man who looked like the Fulani herders whose cows often grazed just beyond her family's mud-walled home.
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As the last imperial dynasty, the Qing, crumbled, the search was on to find a unifier for a sprawling empire, culturally and linguistically diverse, that encompassed Manchu rulers, Tibetan herders, Turkic caravan-drivers, Hunanese peasants, Shanghainese entrepreneurs and colonial subjects in Hong Kong.
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Keita cut short a trip to Switzerland on Wednesday to return to Mali and handle the fallout from the attack, the latest in a series of retaliatory strikes by Dogon hunters and Fulani herders that have killed hundreds of civilians this year.
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Having come from a tribe of herders, the boy experiences the comforting feeling of temporarily re-gaining all he has "lost" through the animal — with his prior experiences including his father's and older brother's deaths and mother's disappearance in the Sudanese genocide.
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Jacob Orahle, senior warden at the Kenya Wildlife Service, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation that since September Lamu county has seen an influx of animals and herders in search of pasture and water, most from neighboring Garissa, Tana River, Wajir and Garsen counties.
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Better weather data, for instance, will let insurance firms more accurately assess when triggers for payments - such as a lack of rain that kills fodder and crops - have been met, to help get payments to farmers and herders faster when they need them.
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"The prevalence of bots with Cyrillic screen names does not suggest that Russian social media users are meddling in the Malaysian elections, but does indicate that whoever is behind the campaign purchased some bots created by Russian-speaking bot herders," she said.
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In a statement online, the governor's office said that "there is no epidemic in the Yamal" and that "the overwhelming majority" of the nomadic reindeer herders who make up most of the region's sparse population were healthy and were receiving preventive treatment.
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NAIROBI (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Raging floods, which have killed 26 people and forced almost 25,000 from their homes in Kenya this month, will exacerbate hunger and poverty among herders who have already lost livestock to the worst drought in five years, charities warned.
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After generations of docilely submitting to slaughter and consumption by humans, not to mention the amorous aspirations of their herders, one sheep almost got posthumous revenge in 2014 when a tourist began to choke on a chunk of mutton in Don Jorge's restaurant.
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They are traditionally hunters and reindeer herders, and because the they live in part of the permafrost region of the globe where the soil is frozen as much as 1,640 meters down, they can't grow crops and still rely heavily on meat.
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About 300,000 people have been forced from their homes because of violence between farmers and herders, conflicts that are often exacerbated by religion, ethnicity and even the erratic weather patterns that accompany climate change and create competition between humans and cattle for water.
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Ms. Jaramillo said the eight Peruvian herders in Washington State all hailed from the same town, and brought with them a special set of skills that are hard to find locally, at least for $1,250 a month, which is what ranchers pay them.
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I was joining an eager band of cowboys, herders and pilgrims, some on horseback, some on foot, who wanted to experience her family's 110-mile transumanza, the twice-yearly journey undertaken around the world to move grazing animals between winter and summer pastures.
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The village of mostly farmers, potters and herders is surrounded by thick forest, and it borders a national park that has been a haven for bandit groups that are accused of kidnappings, armed robbery and stealing livestock from isolated communities like Gwaska.
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Modern genetics tells us that Europeans are themselves a mixture of different peoples, a hunter-gatherer population mixed with farmers who, thousands of years ago, immigrated from what's now Turkey (near Syria), topped off by herders from what's now the Russian steppe.
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In response, Mr Bashir armed nomadic Arab cattle-herders, turning them into the Janjaweed, a horse-mounted militia that was unleashed upon black farmers with such savagery that in 2010 the International Criminal Court (ICC) indicted Mr Bashir on charges of genocide.
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About 5,000 years ago, a "relatively sudden" mass migration of nomadic herders from the east — the steppes of eastern Ukraine and southern Russia — swept in and almost entirely replaced existing communities of hunter-gatherers and early farmers in Central and Northern Europe.
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Conservationists seek to win over the locals by gathering input from herders before making land-usage arrangements, giving community elders seats on conservancy boards, hiring rangers from local tribes, allowing local groups to start their own tourism initiatives, and generally promoting community ownership of conservation.
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Here was an invention people loved rather than feared, so that Kenya (with his help) became one of the first countries to use smartphones for money transfer, and herders in Somalia now exchanged and tracked their goats by painting them with their mobile numbers.
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If herders knew which places would be hit badly on such occasions, they could then take their animals to less threatened areas—or, were that not possible, call up mobile slaughterhouses to kill the deer humanely, before they lost weight, thus minimising financial losses.
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While the Ariaal wild animal-herders who were genetically predisposed to A.D.H.D. may have been better nourished than their farming counterparts, certainly more than one herder wandered off, never to be seen again, or failed to pay attention and was gored by a wildebeest.
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The mass funeral in January 226 for members of the Tiv farming community - who had died in violent clashes with semi-nomadic herders - was a painful reminder that fighting over farmland and grazing has been happening with devastating regularity in central Nigeria's Benue state.
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DAKAR (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Cattle herders in West Africa are facing a severe lean season this year due to poor rains and insufficient plant growth, stoking the risk of conflict as they change migration patterns in search of food, an aid agency warned this week.
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Two other Fulani communities were targeted on Sunday evening, amid a string of deadly assaults between herders and ethnic Dogon farmers who have long fought over land and resources but whose rivalry has been stoked this year by the growing presence of armed Islamist groups.
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These influences include South Sudanese military elites who sometimes offer animal vaccinations or ammunition to the cattle herders in exchange for loyalty, or chiefs who preside over the traditional courts and set the norms that determine what's considered right and wrong within the community.
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As an example of this, Dr. Walter pointed to Tibet, where in July 2016 the entire lower section of a relatively gently sloping glacier collapsed, triggering an avalanche that surged more than 3.7 square miles, killing nine herders and hundreds of sheep and yaks.
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NAIROBI (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - A lodge owned by a murdered British rancher in Kenya's northern Laikipia region announced its closure on Monday after being overrun by herders for months, ahead of August polls in which some politicians have made land reform a campaign issue.
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According to a letter addressed by Burkina Faso's defense minister to his Malian counterpart on Monday and confirmed by the Burkinabe defense ministry, Malian forces crossed the border on Saturday after a Burkinabe village of Dozo hunters was attacked by Fulani herders from Mali.
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MADRID (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - In Chad, livestock herders are struggling to find grazing for their animals, and crops are not growing as they should due to worsening droughts and floods, according to Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim, a member of the African country's Mbororo pastoralist community.
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NAIROBI (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - A second poor rainy season in Somalia has pushed livestock herders in the drought-hit Puntland region to trek an average of 60 km (40 miles) to fetch drinking water, aid agencies said on Monday, calling for rapid action to prevent renewed famine.
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ABUJA (Reuters) - Clashes in Nigeria between farmers and semi-nomadic herders have killed more than 473,600 people since 2016, most of them this year, Amnesty International said on Monday, in a report documenting an upsurge in violence that could sway the results of February 2019 elections.
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However, the savings groups need more support if they are to succeed in countries like Niger, where most of the West African country's 20 million people work in agriculture, and where rising temperatures and increasingly erratic rainfall are wreaking havoc on farmers and herders, experts say.
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Armed gangs have killed hundreds of people in northwest Nigeria this year and forced at least 20,000 to flee to neighboring Niger, adding to security problems in a country also struggling with an Islamist insurgency in the northeast and clashes between farmers and herders in central states.
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KERBULAQ, Kazakhstan — It has been a long, rough ride for the cowboys of Kazakhstan, descendants of the nomadic herders who roamed across Central Asia until Russia declared in 1864 that it could no longer tolerate their "turbulent and unsettled character" and would force them to settle down.
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On Friday and Saturday night dozens of suspected armed herders, who are Muslim and of the Fulani ethnicity, descended from surrounding hills into several villages, opening fire, burning homes and shooting to death some people, most of them Christian and of the Berom ethnicity, as they slept.
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Whether we want to help a key ally like Jordan increase its power generation, empower sheep herders in western Afghanistan get their wool to markets, or transform the Rwandan coffee sector, development finance is central to how we lift communities out of poverty and promote stability.
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The combination of rising demographic pressures and environmental changes have pitted herders against farmers in a contest for scarce resources that is exacerbated by an infusion of armed criminals who are not bound by traditional conflict resolution methods with an underpowered police force to provide citizen security.
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