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"heeler" Definitions
  1. one that heels
  2. AUSTRALIAN CATTLE DOG
  3. a henchman of a local political boss
  4. a worker for a local party organization
"heeler" Synonyms
chicken hen poultry chick fowl chook rooster cockerel banty biddy capon cock-a-doodle-do pullet bantam bird junglefowl barnyard fowl

82 Sentences With "heeler"

How to use heeler in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "heeler" and check conjugation/comparative form for "heeler". Mastering all the usages of "heeler" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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Blue heeler and Dalmatian mixes have adorable spots and an extremely unique look.
It's light and small enough that my 70-pound heeler mix didn't notice it.
Against all odds, the red heeler had survived three winters alone in the woods of Burlington.
I (Adrienne) also tested the latest dog treat camera from Petcube with my 10-year-old heeler.
A Red Heeler dog lies on the ground at the Cobargo evacuation center in Cobargo on January 6.
One of the more famous of these was Ratu, a Queensland Heeler who accompanied the artist everywhere, including the studio.
According to CBS Austin, the blue heeler mix was found staggering around a Texas road, mostly blind and in need of help.
As my friend Don, an old ward heeler, frequently observes, a reluctant vote counts for exactly as much as an enthusiastic vote.
When the Catahoula/Blue Heeler mix wants to "talk," she steps on buttons corresponding with words Hunger recorded and programmed into the device.
After being trapped in a canal a Queensland heeler mix is back in the care of its owner and could not be happier about it.
Wagner was a former Tammany Hall ward heeler who immigrated to the United States from Prussia as a child and was a key Roosevelt ally.
Mr. Barnes was known to hand out holiday turkeys in Harlem like a Tammany ward heeler and proudly keep bound volumes of his courtroom testimony.
One of our Perth participants Anna describes how she frequently Skypes with her Blue Heeler Abby (with her partner's help) when she's away on work trips.
The blue heeler, that has gained thousands of Facebook followers for his doggy bucket list, died on Wednesday morning, after his health sharply declined earlier in the week.
Max, a 17-year-old blue heeler who hails from Queensland, Australia, recently made his family and local authorities proud by protecting his lost 3-year-old human relative.
The Queensland Police Service stepped into help on Thursday afternoon, making the 6-year-old blue heeler a police dog for a day, completing number 17 on his bucket list.
Instead the Catahoula-Blue Heeler mix uses an Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) system, pressing buttons on a homemade soundboard to say words such as "walk", "eat", and even "no".
Last summer, James and I adopted our Blue Heeler mix Wylie, and ever since, we've been alternating the daily morning trek to off-leash hours at our local park in Brooklyn.
His devastated owner, Emily, has created a Facebook page called "Buddy's Bucket List" that's tracking the blue heeler having the time of his life as he completes a final list of things to do.
Some passages are admirably bracing: Shawn's own solo (as the Ward Heeler, a potent but insidious figure) in the Earth/Democracy part, vividly performed here by Brett Perry, suddenly brings everything into sharp dramatic focus.
Solemates High Heeler Protectors: Set of 3 Sizes — $25 See Details The very fact that Solemates understands this common issue when it comes to wearing heels is what made them wildly successful in the first place.
According to Depee, the girl's uncle allegedly told her daughter that Edwards decided to discipline the girl by killing her two dogs — Jessica Dawn, a golden retriever, and Duck, a blue heeler Labrador mix, The Oklahoman reports.
Eddie, a 40-pound Blue Heeler mix, was prone to possessive impulses and aggressive behavior with other dogs, and that didn't change after he was adopted by the man who would become my husband and his two young children.
A steer—a castrated male—is released from a pen and pursued by two riders on horseback: one, called the header, throws a loop of rope around the steer's horns, and the other, the heeler, ropes the steer's hind legs, immobilizing the animal.
The next few minutes were a blur of exchanging brief pleasantries with inmates—one of whom introduced me to Felix, the resident blue heeler mutt who'd been brought in to chase geese off the yard and had since become the penitentiary's de facto therapy dog.
The next few minutes were a blur of exchanging brief pleasantries with inmates—one of whom introduced me to Felix, the resident blue heeler mutt who'd been brought in to chase geese off the yard and had since become the penitentiary's defacto therapy dog.
"Being a lookout is not a job for everybody," said Forest Service lookout Samsara Duffey, preparing to spend the next three months at about 753,000 feet (2,400 meters) at Patrol Mountain Lookout in Montana&aposs Bob Marshall Wilderness with her dog, a blue heeler named Rye.
Brown Lancashire Heeler bitch The Lancashire Heeler is a small breed of dog developed for use as a drover and herder of cattle. The Lancashire Heeler is listed by the Kennel Club (UK) as a vulnerable breed.
The Heeler is a naturally bobtailed or tailless, medium-sized cattle dog similar and/or related to the Australian Cattle Dog (aka, "Queensland Heeler"). The Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog was developed in Australia to herd cattle, and descends from crosses between European herding dogs and the Australian dingo. The name is spelled both with hyphenation, Blue Heeler, and without, and the shorter name Heeler is also sometimes applied.
"Queensland Heeler") (with a long tail) is similar in appearance to the Heeler, but the Australian Cattle Dog is proportionally heavier, less leggy and has brown points and markings.
The Halls Heeler was further developed into two contemporary dog breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog and the Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog.The name is spelled both with the possessive apostrophe, as Hall's Heeler, and without.
Examples of illegal acts which a ward heeler might do include tearing down an opposition party's posters or paying constituents for their votes. In return for his services the ward heeler was often given a sinecure job, such as in the city's civil service, which was controlled by the organization.
Antonym: Hose Monkey. ; Blue Force: US slang term for the police, mainly used in Florida. ; Blue Heeler: Australian slang term, particularly in rural areas, in reference to the blue appearance and traits of the Blue Heeler Australian Cattle Dog. Blue Heelers was a long running Australian police television drama series.
Team roping, here, the steer has been roped by the header, and the heeler is now attempting a throw.
Today, the town has one pub, the Blue Heeler Hotel. The pub was built as the Kynuna Hotel in 1889.
A caricature of a ward heeler haranguing voters over the radio, from a 1922 magazine. A ward heeler is an American urban political operative who works for a political party in a political ward, the smallest electoral subdivision of a city, usually to achieve an election result. A ward heeler may have controlling influence with a small clique in the ward organization. Often, ward heelers have been low-level operatives soliciting votes and performing campaign tasks on behalf of a political boss, including get-out-the-vote efforts, placing campaign signage, coordination of constituent support, etc.
Michael Salter or Saulter (1868 - December 15, 1922) was an American saloon keeper, ward heeler and underworld figure in New York City. He was of Russian- Jewish descent.
While dogs were not routinely bred for consistent appearance before the end of the 19th century, the Halls Heeler was described as a thick-set dingo, usually speckled blue or red in appearance.
The Texas Heeler is a cross between the Australian Cattle Dog and the Australian Shepherd that was first registered with the Animal Research Foundation (ARF) in 1970. The ARF has registered Australian Cattle Dogs without papers as "Australian Cattledog Queensland Heelers" since 1965 and was the first organisation to recognise the Australian Shepherd. Although originally bred for its ability to work cattle,Renna (2009), p. 65 the Texas Heeler is increasingly used as a pet and a companion in dog sports.
Jo Parrish (Jane Allsop) and recurring cast member Clancy Freeman, and injured the show's main protagonist,Dennehy, Luke.Blue Heeler sees red, The Herald Sun, 29 April 2006. Retrieved 26 March 2008. Senior Sergeant Croydon.
Gail Petska married Paul Petska, a professional team roper. Paul qualified for the NFR four times. They had three children. When their son Cory grew up, he became a world champion heeler in team roping.
The magazine is unusual in that it prides itself as being specifically biased toward primary producers. The mascot of the publication, the eponymous 'Blue' who forms the apostrophe in the magazine's masthead, is a Blue Heeler.
In the book A Dog Called Blue, author Noreen Clark makes the case that both the tailless Heeler and the Australian Cattle Dog (a.k.a. "Queensland Heeler") descended at one point from the same stock, called Halls Heelers, kept in the 1830s by a very large cattle operation run by Thomas Hall. The dogs were also crosses of Smithfield dogs and dingoes, but the breeds diverged at some point in the late 20th century. Selective breeding of the tailless or short-tailed dogs has fixed the characteristic of today's breed.
The Welsh Corgi is thought to be one of the parent breeds of the Lancashire Heeler. The origin of breed are unknown, however it is accepted that a type of Welsh Corgi was used to drive livestock to the north west of England from Wales. In the Ormskirk area, a type of black and tan terrier called the Manchester Terrier was introduced which resulted in what is now known as the Lancashire Heeler. The breed has been known in its home county for over a hundred and fifty years as a general purpose farm dog, capable of both ratting and herding cattle.
In the late 1840s he obtained a pair of Halls Heelers, from which he bred a line of dogs that he described as "great biters", a characteristic which led to the dogs being called Timmins Biters. Robert Kaleski referred to them as "wonderful workers" in an article titled The Working Dogs of Australia in 1911. Other Hall associates, particularly those on properties distant from Dartbrook near the Queensland border, were also breeding their own dogs from Halls Heeler stock. In 1976 a monument to Thomas Hall's achievement was erected on Dartbrook Road at the Blue Heeler Bridge in Dartbrook, New South Wales.
Snow is married to Ginette, and they have four children: Georgina, Stephen, Tom, Scarlet. Stephen Byron, Snow's stepson, is managing director of Canberra Airport Corporation. Snow is often seen with his blue heeler dog, Chilli, which attends meetings with him at his airport offices.
They were subsequently developed into two modern breeds: the Australian Cattle Dog and the Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog. Robert Kaleski, who wrote the first standard for the breed, was influential in its development. Australian Cattle Dog has been nicknamed a "Red Heeler" or "Blue Heeler" on the basis of its colouring and practice of moving reluctant cattle by nipping at their heels. Dogs from a line bred in Queensland, Australia, which were successful at shows and at stud in the 1940s, were called "Queensland Heelers" to differentiate them from lines bred in New South Wales; this nickname is now occasionally applied to any Australian Cattle Dog.
Skelton joined the PRCA in 1986 as a team roping heeler. His first partner in team roping was hall of famer Tee Woolman. In 1997 Woolman reduced his schedule, so Skelton teamed up with header hall of famer Speed Williams. Their partnership continued together for 9 years.
The Lancashire Heeler has a life expectancy of 12–15 years or more. The three most common serious conditions that can affect Heelers are Collie eye anomaly, Primary lens luxation and Persistent pupillary membranes. As well as these eye conditions, dogs of this breed may suffer from Patella luxation.
Some modern writers believe it was the cur, not the collie, that was crossed with the dingo to create the now-extinct Halls Heeler in Australia, making the cur an ancestor of both the Australian Cattle Dog and the Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog, the latter inheriting the cur's bobtail.
Gwen Mackintosh began to breed Heelers in the early 1960s. Together with other enthusiasts, she established the Lancashire Heeler Club in 1978, with the club setting a breed standard and register. Recognition by The Kennel Club followed in 1981. Mackintosh would continue to serve as the club's president until her death in 1992.
Dennehy, Luke. Blue Heeler sees red, The Herald Sun, 29 April 2006. Retrieved 26 March 2008. The final episode of the thirteenth season aired as a 2-hour, movie-length tribute starting with an introduction from John Wood, and concluding with a compilation of Blue Heelers moments from over its 13-season run.
The ideal temperament of the Heeler is described in the breed standard as alert and watchful, as well as responsive to its owner and reserved around strangers, but also notes that "it must be amenable to handling" at shows. All working dogs need early socialisation with people, and consistent training and activity throughout their lives.
The Heeler is a normally proportioned, rugged dog with pricked (standing up) ears and long legs. The breed's most distinctive feature, for which the breed is named, is the frequent lack of a tail. When there is a tail, it is quite short, no longer than 10 cm (4 in.), and undocked. The coat is medium length to short, straight, dense and harsh.
Seymour volunteered to ride the Trail and set off from Ferntree Gully, Victoria in February 1972 with two saddle horses, a packhorse and 'Bluey', his blue heeler cattle dog. The Association provided Dan with encouragement during this lengthy journey. His twenty-one month ride finished in Cooktown, Queensland in September 1973. Dan's journey, which was regularly reported, created increased interest in the formation of the Trail.
The Man Higher Up: A Story of the Fight Which Is Life and the Force Which Is Love is a novel by the American writer Henry Russell Miller set in 19th century Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The novel tells the Horatio Alger story of Bob, an Irish-Catholic tenement waif who becomes a mill hand, a ward heeler, then mayor of Pittsburgh, and finally governor of Pennsylvania.
In 1959 he was invited to appear on the American rodeo circuit, on a tour that culminated at Madison Square Garden, one of the first Australian cowboys to be so honoured. In later years his specialty was team roping as the "header", whose job is to lasso the horns of a steer while his partner (Brian Lawless, another Cootamundra resident) as "heeler" tackles the hind legs.
In 1884, Lomasney went to work as a ward heeler for Mike Wells, a local politician, and was rewarded with a city job as a lamplighter on Boston's Nashua Street. The job paid well and gave him ample time for political activities. He became the leader of a group of young Democrats, known as the "Independents," who were determined to unseat the incumbent Democrats on the Ward Committee.
Melanie Zanetti provides the voice of Bluey's mother, Chilli; she became interested in the series after reading the script for the pilot. Brumm's mother, Chris Brumm, voices Nana Heeler, while his younger brother, Dan Brumm, voices Uncle Stripe, as well as working as a sound designer on the series. The child characters of the series, including Bluey and Bingo, are voiced by some of the children of the program's production crew.
Woman with blue hair An Australian blue heeler Blue hair does not naturally occur in human hair pigmentation, although the hair of some animals (such as dog coats) is described as blue. Some humans are born with bluish-black hair (also known as "blue black" hair), which is black that has a blue hue under the light. Blue hair has a long history of artistic and literary uses.
55–6 By the end of the 1950s, there were few Australian Cattle Dogs whelped that were not descendants of Little Logic and his best known son, Logic Return. The success and popularity of these dogs led to the growth of the nickname "Queensland Heeler".Clark (2003), p. 54 The prominence of Little Logic and Logic Return in the pedigrees of modern Australian Cattle Dogs was perpetuated by Wooleston Kennels.
It is alert, friendly, energetic, intelligent, playful and a pleasant companion. Personality can range from lazy and playful to energetic and talkative. It is actually a very strong dog that likes to participate in all kinds of activities, and can carry a ball or object the size of itself. The Lancashire Heeler is friendly towards its owners and passers-by on the street but may be aggressive towards an unknown character on their territory.
The Blue Heeler has been recognised as a standardised breed since 1988 in its native country by the Australian National Kennel Council, in its "Group 5 (Working dogs)". PDF version also available. It is also recognised by the nearby New Zealand Kennel Club in its "Working" group. More internationally, the breed was provisionally accepted by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale in 2005, as breed standard 351, in "Group 1, Section 2: Cattle Dogs (Except Swiss Cattle Dogs)".
The show follows an anthropomorphic six-year-old Blue Heeler puppy named Bluey, who is characterised by her abundance of energy, imagination and curiosity of the world. The young dog lives with her father, Bandit; mother, Chilli; and younger sister, Bingo, who regularly joins Bluey on adventures as the pair embark on imaginative play together. Other characters featured each represent a different dog breed. Overarching themes include the focus on family, growing up and Australian culture.
Brumm stated that he wanted the series to depict his experience as a parent rather than aim for children to be explicitly taught something. His creative aims were to make children laugh, and show parents what children can learn while engaged in play. The characters of Bluey each represent a particular dog breed, some of which are drawn from Brumm's personal life. Brumm had a Blue Heeler named Bluey throughout his childhood, in addition to a Dalmatian named Chloe.
Coming Home is a novel by the American writer Lester Cohen (1901–1963) set in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It tells the story of Joe and Stella. He is back from serving in the U.S. Army during World War II, and together with Stella and their baby, they battle against a steel tycoon, a ward heeler, and a corrupt police force in America's steel city. The book was reissued in the 1950s under the title Stella and Joe.
Bandit is based on a Blue Heeler belonging to his father's friend. Bandit's career as an archaeologist was inspired by Brumm's older sibling Adam. Brumm writes the majority of episode scripts, with Aspinwall labelling the series as an "observational" show, depicting Brumm's family life; and producer Sam Moor describing it as "[Brumm's] life on screen". Brumm's process for writing sometimes begins with making notes about his family's experiences; including games his children play and the conflict that arises between them.
In many urban areas, ward heelers also serve as precinct captains. The term originated during the period of machine politics around the turn of the 20th century, when powerful political machines in major cities run by political bosses, such as the Tammany Hall organization in New York City, used corruption, such as graft and patronage to maintain their power. So "ward heeler" has the connotation of a corrupt political operative. As integral players in the "spoils system", ward heelers were often both recipients and distributors of patronage, illegal benefits from the political machine.
CBC Radio 3, May 2007. In fall 2007, Doiron and Squire played several shows opening for Eric's Trip, and toured Eastern-Canada with The Superfantastics as Blue Heeler, and later became known as Calm Down It's Monday. The duo released only two songs under that name, although they continued to collaborate on other releases credited as individuals, including the 2008 album Lost Wisdom with Mount Eerie and the 2009 album Daniel, Fred & Julie with Daniel Romano. Squire later released his first widely released solo album, March 12, in 2010.
An alt=A mid shot of an Australian Cattle Dog, or Blue Heeler, laying on a grassy patch. The dog, whose black hair and white coat gives the appearance of blue fur, is looking directly at the camera. In July 2017, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) and the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) co-commissioned Bluey as an animated series for preschool children to be developed by Queensland production company Ludo Studio. The production received funding from Screen Australia and Screen Queensland, with the setting of the series drawing upon the unique semi-tropical Queensland climate.
Despite only being on air since 2018, the magazine wrote that Bluey "stole Australia's hearts faster than any other cartoon character" in what it described as a "cute, funny and modern" series. The series was listed at 14 in Junkees list of 50 television programs that defined the decade, in which it was described as "an absolute delight". The series received praise for its constructive parenting messages and depiction of Bandit Heeler as a positive father figure. The character was commended for his patient nature, willingness to do housework and play with his children.
The people who muster animals are usually referred to as stockmen in Australia and, depending on the animal gathered, as wranglers or cowboys in the USA. Dogs are typically used where it is possible or helpful to do so. The hardy Australian Kelpie or one of its crosses is the most popular breed of dog for mustering sheep and cattle in Australia.Parsons, A.D.Tony, The Working Kelpie, Thomas Nelson, Melbourne, 1986 The Australian Cattle Dog or "blue heeler" is a popular ranch dog in the US, as is the Border Collie, Australian Shepherd, and related crossbreds.
As a valued member at Mount Thomas, Adam went through another steady year as a Heeler in Season 3. He played a key role in proving Nick Schultz innocent when he was accused of killing a man who was in custody. Drama came for Adam in "Sex and Death" when he crashed his car while drag racing, he faced being sacked but luckily Chief Superintendent Clive Adamson decided against it. He was good mates with Jack Woodley, who was posted at Mount Thomas for a few weeks before getting sacked for fixing evidence.
Mafia boss Vito Cascio Ferro with his son and a hunting dog. Back in Sicily, Cascio Ferro rose to the position of a local notable. He was the capo elettore (ward heeler) of Domenico De Michele Ferrantelli, the mayor of Burgio and member of Parliament for the district of Bivona, as well as on good terms with the Baron Inglese. He exercised influence over several Mafia cosche (clans) in the towns of Bisacquino, Burgio, Campofiorito, Chiusa Sclafani, Contessa Entellina, Corleone, and Villafranca Sicula, as well as some districts in the city of Palermo.
A central theme of the series is the influence of a supportive family; this is reflected in the relationships between Bluey, Bingo, Bandit and Chilli. The Heeler family are presented as a nuclear family, with both adults shown to be working parents; Bandit as an archaeologist and Chilli working part-time in airport security. Bethany Hiatt of The West Australian explains that the series depicts the realities of modern day fatherhood, with Bandit seen regularly doing housework and engaging in imaginative play with his children. Chilli's role as a mother is explored as she balances both work and family life.
The Heeler descended from Smithfield herding dogs of England, which were brought to Australia in the early 19th century and cross-bred with the dingo. Records of working dogs are scarce from this time period, and there are differing accounts of the breed's development. One is that a drover named Timmins from Bathurst, New South Wales, crossed the Smithfield dogs with dingoes, producing a type of working dog called Timmins' Biters. In order to mute their dingo characteristics and make the dogs easier to handle, further crosses were made with Scottish Smooth Collies, producing speckled red and blue dogs that were often born tailless.
Halls Heeler, early 1900s George Hall and his family arrived in the New South Wales Colony in 1802. By 1825, George's son Thomas Simpson Hall and some of his older brothers had established two cattle stations in the Hunter Region, Gundebri near the present day Merriwa, and Dartbrook near Aberdeen. In the 1828 census Thomas Hall is described as 20 years old, and the manager of Dartbrook. Using this property as a home base, Hall began a northward expansion into the Liverpool Plains, New England and Queensland, setting up properties for the family and eventually controlling over 1 million acres of good grazing land.
The Koolie (also known as the Australian Koolie or by the historic misnomer "German Coolie") is an Australian dog breed. The Koolie is a working or herding dog which has existed in Australia since the early 19th century when it was bred from imported British working dogs. Robert Kaleski, in an article on Cattle Dogs in the August 1903 issue of the Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales, describes the "Welsh heeler or merle, erroneously known as the German collie," as a "blue-gray dog about the size and build of a smooth- haired collie, generally with wall eyes." The British background predominated in the dogs that came to be associated with the "German collie" name.
The first murder to occur took place in February 1916 when Frank Lombardi, a Powers associate and ward heeler, was shot and killed in a saloon by 17-year-old Samuzzo Amatuna. With both sides employing "election sluggers" in attempt to influence voting, violence increased as supporters from both sides would be killed in continuous fighting throughout the year. A grim practice emerged during the fighting where the names of future victims would be carved into a poplar tree at 725 S. Loomis Street later becoming known as "Dead Man's Tree". Despite D'Andrea's defeat that year, and again in 1919, his campaign against Powers continued as violence reached its height during the 1921 campaign, with murder and bombing, including the bombing of Power's home, becoming commonplace .
The Halls Heeler was a dog bred by Thomas Simpson Hall to herd cattle on the Hall family's extensive properties in northwestern New South Wales in the 19th century. On Dartbrook Station, in the Upper Hunter Valley, Hall selectively crossed the offspring of Northumberland Drover's Dogs (Border Collie lineage) that he had imported, with the progeny of dingoes that he had tamed. By 1840 he had bred the type of dog that he needed to control cattle on the massive runs that his family owned, and until he died in 1870 few of these dogs were owned and used by anyone outside the Hall family and their workers. However the death of Thomas Hall and the break-up of the Hall estate coincided with the development of the dog show, and an interest in breeding dogs to specific criteria or standards.
Schembri, Jim: "A Country Cop Show", The Age, 14 January 1994 Michael Winter also conceived the name of the programme by recounting the common names for a country police officer: "tyre-biters"—referring to the fact that country cops are often involved in car chases—and "blue heelers"—referring to their blue uniforms and overall similar appearance and persona to a Blue Heeler dog, a protective and intuitive breed of Australian dog. From the time that McElroy's idea was initially conceived, to the time the programme was ready to air, three years passed. During the early development of Blue Heelers two completely different pilots were shot: one depicting the story from the perspective of a police officer and the other from the perspective of a criminal. When these were presented to the Seven Network, the network committed to 13 episodes of the first pilot.
The business community appreciated its readiness, at moderate cost, to cut through regulatory and legislative mazes to facilitate rapid economic growth. The Tammany Hall ward boss or ward heeler – wards were the city's smallest political units from 1786 to 1938 – served as the local vote gatherer and provider of patronage. By 1872 Tammany had an Irish Catholic "boss", and in 1928 a Tammany hero, New York Governor Al Smith, won the Democratic presidential nomination. However, Tammany Hall also served as an engine for graft and political corruption, perhaps most infamously under William M. "Boss" Tweed in the mid-19th century. By the 1880s, Tammany was building local clubs that appealed to social activists from the ethnic middle class.Peel, Roy V. The Political Clubs of New York City (1935)Shefter, Martin. "The electoral foundations of the political machine: New York City, 1884–1897" in Joel Silbey et al. eds., The history of American electoral behavior (1978) pp: 263–98, esp pp 294–95.

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