On the other hand, "Lens" has a replay value that the second version lacks.
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The rover's Mars Hand Lens Camera, known as MAHLI, sits on the robotic arm.
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Then, on February 24, Curiosity's arm-mounted Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) failed to open into its fully extended position.
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This striking image, taken on September 17, 2016, is actually a composite of 60 individual pictures taken by the rover's Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI).
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Designed for enterprise use, the Wearvue was meant to free the hands of workers in factories and logistics centers by projecting lists and images onto its right-hand lens.
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Kelly Elder, a research hydrologist with the U.S. Forest Service and one of the leaders of the field campaign on Grand Mesa, looks at snow crystals through a hand lens.
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A second photo (below) taken a day later with the rover's Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI)—a camera affixed to Curiosity's robotic arm— showed the rock at a distance of 10 centimeters (4 inches).
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But as soon as DePalma started digging he noticed grayish-white specks in the layers which looked like grains of sand but which, under a hand lens, proved to be tiny spheres and elongated droplets.
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The image was taken using the rover's Mars Hand Lens Imager, although this robotic arm is not seen in the photo because it was positioned out of the frame in the images that were ultimately used to compile the final mosaic.
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Loupe used by a geologist The loupe (hand lens) is a vital geological field tool used to identify small mineral crystals and structures in rocks.
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These glands are violet in the case of M. arvense, are visible under a hand lens, and take the form of minute scales (about 0.45mm in diameter) which secrete a sugary solution.
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The LP album was released in the United States and some other markets with a different cover from the European and later the CD edition. It featured a cornered rat seen through a magnifying hand lens.
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The fungus is named for its prominent cystidia, which can be seen with a hand lens. A defining macroscopic characteristic is the translucent look of the fruit body when fresh, and its horny, brittle texture when dried.
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In mycology, "setae" refer to dark brown, thick-walled, thorn-like cystidia found in corticioid and poroid fungi in the family Hymenochaetaceae. Though mainly microscopic, the setae of some species may be sufficiently prominent to be visible with a hand lens.
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Physaria obcordata is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae known by the common name Dudley Bluffs twinpod. It is similar in appearance to the more common Piceance twinpod, but can be distinguished by looking at the leaves through a hand lens. The Piceance twinpod, Physaria acutifolia has stellate hairs when viewed through a hand lens while Physaria ocordata has markings that look like a satellite dish, or a circle with a dot in the middle. It is endemic to Colorado, where it is found only in the Piceance Basin in Rio Blanco County.
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A more reliable characteristic to distinguish the poisonous specimens of wila from the edible ones is that the specimens that contain vulpinic acid usually have abundant, long, yellow pseudocyphellae that twist around the main branches (these require a hand lens to see).
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Warthog ivory comes from their upper and lower canine teeth and are strongly curved. It generally has squared cross sections and have a mottled appearance. When using a magnifying hand lens, the wart hog dentin shows irregularly spaced concentric lines with varying thickness.
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As lesions mature, they expand rapidly and turn brown. The under surface of infected leaves appears watersoaked. Upon closer inspection, a purple-brown mold (see arrow) becomes apparent. Small spores shaped like footballs can be observed among the mold with a 10x hand lens.
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The pale yellow gills are free from attachment to the stem. They are crowded together, and interspersed with 8–9 tiers of lamellulae (short gills). Viewed with a hand lens, the gill edges appear fringed. The stem is roughly cylindrical, often with thicker, somewhat bulbous base.
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Hebecarpa macradenia, synonym Polygala macradenia, the glandleaf milkwort, is a subshrub in the milkwort family (Polygalaceae) found in the Arizona Uplands of the Sonoran Desert.Sonoran Desert Wildflowers, Richard Spellenberg, 2nd ed., 2012, Its "odd" flowers are said to be "spectacularly beautiful" when viewed with a hand lens.
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They are clearly triple-veined, with one central vein and two curved veins closely following the outline of the leaf. The net venation is visible on both sides. The leaves are downy underneath and have a greyish colour. The oil dots are transparent and visible with a hand lens.
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8 to 15 cm long, 3 to 6 cm wide with a short blunt point at the tip. Oil dots are not visible with a hand lens. The lateral veins and mid rib are visible from both sides of the leaf, but more evident on the under side.
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Silt usually has a floury feel when dry, and a slippery feel when wet. Silt can be visually observed with a hand lens, exhibiting a sparkly appearance. It also can be felt by the tongue as granular when placed on the front teeth (even when mixed with clay particles).
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Another distinguishing feature of the disease are papillate surface of mature lesions that can be seen with a hand lens since the fungal papillae breaks through or replaces the epidermis. The first symptoms of the disease are seen around late May and occur on the sides of young leaf blades.
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The surface shows no spiral sculpture under a hand lens. The axial sculpture consists of six strong rounded ribs, running the whole length of the shell and continuous over the spire. The suture is distinct. The aperture is narrow, with a relatively large rounded anal sulcus, a thickened outer lip without internal liration.
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The panicle rice mite is not visible to the naked eye. A minimum 20× hand lens is required to observe it on the inside of the leaf sheath. The mites are clear to straw-colored and are approximately 250 µm in length. The male has elongated rear legs containing a pair of elongated spines.
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A hand lens or magnifying glass may be used to view colonies in greater detail. The opacity of a microbial colony can be described as transparent, translucent, or opaque. Staphylococci are usually opaque, while many Streptococcus species are translucent. The overall shape of the colony may be characterized as circular, irregular, or punctiform (like pinpoints).
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This species is a small, clumpy perennial herb with stems just a few centimeters long. The leaf blades are under a centimeter long. The inflorescence is a raceme of up to 7 flowers with white or light yellow petals. This species is similar to many other Draba and a hand lens or microscope is necessary to tell them apart.
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Those which grow in seas where the temperature varies much with the seasons often show annual growth rings like trees. Wells found that some also show daily ridges of growth, which can be counted with a good hand lens costing perhaps $10. Modern corals show about 365 ridges a year….Silurian corals show about 400 rings a year.
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The dustywings, Coniopterygidae, are a family of Pterygota (winged insects) of the net-winged insect order (Neuroptera). About 460 living species are known.Engel & Grimaldi (2007) These tiny insects can usually be determined to genus with a hand lens according to their wing venation, but to distinguish species, examination of the genitals by microscope is usually necessary.
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As the mushroom matures, the outer edge of the cap turn a greyish color while the center remains reddish brown. Radial grooves extend from the center of the cap to the margins. The caps have minute hairs (setae) that are visible through a hand lens. The gills are free from attachment to the stem, and have a width of .
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The flowering season is in autumn and winter and is followed by fruit which are woody capsules long. Melaleuca pomphostoma is similar to Melaleuca bracteosa but differs from it in having fewer stamens (M. bracteosa has 7 to 11 per bundle), a different leaf shape and distinctive, numerous, white raised stomata, which are barely visible with a hand lens, on the leaf blades.
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He placed a camera in the center of the breeding ground at a height of 3 feet. He then placed the cover board 30 feet away taking photographs of the cover board. After compiling all the photographs, they were analyzed with a hand lens to assess the number of squares visible. This number gave him a vegetation index of cover classes.
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Acalitus essigi, the redberry mite,, is an eriophyid mite which is a serious pest of commercially produced blackberries in the United States. The redberry mite is microscopic, requiring at least a 20× hand lens to detect. It has two pairs of legs and a thin, translucent appearance. Overwintering mites colonize tiny spaces beneath the exterior scales of dormant buds of blackberries.
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Trachelipus rathkei is sometimes confused with the more frequent Porcellio scaber, although its markings, with a regular longitudinal pattern of a light colour on a grey-brown background, are distinctive. They can be distinguished by examining the number of pleopodal lungs on the animal's underside with a hand lens – species of Porcellio have only two pairs, while T. rathkei has five pairs.
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Small, fruiting bodies (pycnidia) are produced on the stem, these structures are spore bearing and can be observed with a magnifying or other hand lens. Phoma black stem can be distinguished from other diseases due to its black lesions and lack of lodging. The fungus also produces colonies that are gray-white in color and have a white mycelium that may resemble cotton.
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The cap margin is initially curved inward but straightens out in maturity. The gills are free from attachment to the stem, and moderately crowded, with 4–5 tiers of interspersed lamellulae (short gills). The gill edges are fringed, although a hand lens may be needed to see this detail. The stem is centrally attached to the cap, hollow, and measures long by thick.
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Loupes are used in a number of industries, notably the jewelry trade, watchmaking, photography, printing, dentistry, education and ophthalmology. Loupes are also used in academia and life sciences, such as geology and biology. Amateur naturalists may also find a hand lens or a loupe a useful tool when looking at or identifying species. They are also used in numismatics and stamp collecting.
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Similar species are Russula betularum which is frequently found near birch trees, and although usually paler can be mistaken for washed out specimens of R. racillima. Also, Russula fragilis is very similar, and grows in the same locations. It is usually darker, and more purplish, and has nicks (serrations) on the gill edges which are distinctive under a hand lens.
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Parchment is usually positively identified by sight, sometimes with the assistance of a hand lens or microscope. Visible hair follicle pattern, veining, scars, bruises and sometimes fat deposits all help confirm the animal origin of the material. Additional light sources including ultraviolet lights, can make these properties more easily identifiable. Sometimes visual examination is not sufficient to distinguish parchment from certain types of highly calendered papers.
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The NASA rover team had assessed the rock to be a suitable target for one of the first uses of Curiosity's contact instruments, the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) and the Alpha particle X-ray spectrometer (APXS). The rock is dark gray and seems to contain grains or crystals, if any at all, that are finer than Curiosity's cameras can resolve - less than 80 μm in size.
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Chorizanthe orcuttiana is a rare small annual plant in the buckwheat family, Polygonaceae. Its common name is San Diego spineflower, and it is endemic to San Diego County, California. The plant is diminutive, and a hand-lens is necessary for proper identification. The plant is very sensitive to temperature and precipitation, and under drought or hot conditions the seeds will not germinate or survive.
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They are often referred to as "ancient asexuals" due to their unique asexual history that spans back to over 25 million years ago through fossil evidence. Bdelloid rotifers are microscopic organisms, typically between 150 and 700 µm in length. Most are slightly too small to be seen with the naked eye, but appear as tiny white dots through even a weak hand lens, especially in bright light.
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Mesowear was recorded by examining the buccal apices of molar tooth cusps. Apices were characterized as sharp, rounded, or blunt, and the valleys between them either high or low. The method has been developed only for selenodont and trilophodont molars, but the principle is readily extendable to other crown types.In collecting the data the teeth are inspected at close range, a hand lens will be used.
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The leaves are so closely overlapping that only a mass of ciliate projections is visible under a hand lens. The underleaves are prominent, wider than the stem but about or less than half the size of the leaves, 2-3 clefted, and with ciliate margins (even more finely divided into slender projections). The frequent perianths are plicate and narrowed to a ciliate mouth. Sporophytes are abundant from May to August.
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The upper and lower canine and incisors are the most common sources for hippopotamus ivory and each one has a distinctive gross morphology. Using a magnifying hand lens, we can see tightly packed series of fine concentric lines, which can be regularly or irregularly spaced. The orientation of these lines will follow with the overall shape of the tooth. Hippo ivory is harder and opaquer than elephant or walrus ivory.
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The cap skin peels to three quarters, and older specimens often have a furrowed margin. The fragile, white stipe is long for the size of the cap, and narrowly club-shaped. The gills are adnexed, and white giving a spore print of the same colour. They have distinctive nicks, or notches on their free edges, that can be seen under a hand lens, a very good diagnostic clue to species.
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With a hand lens, translucent glands may be seen in the leaves. The base of the leaf is often oblique, that is of unequal length on either side of the leaf stem. Leaf venation is more evident under the leaf. An identifying feature is the intramarginal leaf vein, which starts at the leaf base and travels on either edge of the leaf, a distance of ¼ to ½ the length of the leaf.
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The Pilar Formation consists of a dense gray-black to black hard carbonaceous phyllite or schist with thin white schistose layers that are interpreted as a metatuff. The rock has very irregular slaty cleavage, with tiny muscovite flakes visible in the hand lens. It contains many quartz veins and some limonite augens. Its composition is 50% to 75% quartz and 15% to 30% muscovite with carbonaceous material finely disseminated throughout the quartz and muscovite grains.
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The adult 24-spot is a small ladybird, usually 3 to 4 mm long. It has the quintessential ladybird shape, quite domed with the sides forming a smooth curve from head to pronotum to wing-cases. The wing-cases are covered with short pale hairs, and though these are hard to see without a hand lens, they give the ladybird a distinctive matt appearance. The ladybird is dark orange, including legs and antennae.
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Both the bases of the bundles and the surface of the cystidia may be covered with brown pigment particles. Cheilocystidia are cystidia located in the gill faces. In S. americanus, they are mostly club-shaped, often with an expanded apex, and like the pleurocystidia, are arranged in bundles, with brown pigment particles at the base of the bundles. Bundles of cystidia near the tube openings may sometimes be visible with a hand lens.
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Priocnemis perturbator is a relatively large species of spider wasp which is quite common in Europe. It was previously considered to be the same species as the closely related P. susterai which were lumped as P. fuscus and this means that some early observations of behaviour are not applicable to either species. Even now the two species need close observation under a microscope or hand lens to distinguish them from each other.
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The gills are white, and free from attachment to the stem. They are crowded together, with two or three tiers of interspersed lamellulae (short gills that do not extend fully from the cap edge to the stem). Viewed with a hand lens, the edges of the gills appear to be fringed. The stem is cylindrical with a bulbous base, initially solid before becoming hollow, and measures long by 1–1.5 mm thick.
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At first, they are white, but later develop yellowish tones. They are crowded together, and have 3–4 tiers of lamellulae (short gills that do not extend completely from the cap margin to the stem). The edges of the gills are the same colors as the gill face, and are fringed if viewed with a hand lens. The cylindrical, hollow, stem measure long and 2 mm thick, and roughly the same width throughout.
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The minimum size boundary is arbitrary and not precise. It is based upon observation and may vary depending upon whether technical aids, such as a hand lens or a microscope are used or not. One analyst used a 100 µm limit on the size of crystals as that was the minimum that could be point-counted accurately by optical means. Phenocrysts below this level, but still larger than the groundmass crystals, are termed microphenocrysts.
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Pele's hair, with a hand lens as scale Strands of Pele's hair under microscope view Pele's hair (closest Hawaiian translation: "lauoho o Pele") is a form of lava. It is named after Pele, the Hawaiian goddess of volcanoes. It can be defined as volcanic glass fibers or thin strands of volcanic glass. The strands are formed through the stretching of molten basaltic glass from lava, usually from lava fountains, lava cascades, and vigorous lava flows.
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His only research tool was a combination of clinical skill, hand lens and good record keeping. He was in good terms with the native Chinese, learning Mandarin and befriending them. However, due to political conflict between China and Japan over the occupation of the island, he was advised by the British Consul to leave. After 5 years in Formosa, he was transferred to Amoy, on the Chinese coast where he worked for another 13 years.
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Croft, D. A., D. Weinstein. 2008. "The first application of the mesowear method to endemic South American ungulates (Notoungulata) " this method helps zoologists and nutritionists to prepare proper kind of hay for captive feral herbivores with unknown feed habits in zoos."Mesowear Equilibrium in Zoo Animals" In collecting the data the teeth are inspected at close range, using a hand lens. Gravity toward lower teeth causes more abrasion on lower teeth than upper theeth.
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They also share common use of spectroscopy (infrared, ultraviolet, and nuclear magnetic resonance) to examine critical evidence. Radiography using X-rays (such as X-ray computed tomography), or neutrons is also very useful in examining thick products for their internal defects before destructive examination is attempted. Often, however, a simple hand lens may reveal the cause of a particular problem. Trace evidence is sometimes an important factor in reconstructing the sequence of events in an accident.
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Cystidia may occur on the edge of a lamella (or analogous hymenophoral structure) (cheilocystidia), on the face of a lamella (pleurocystidia), on the surface of the cap (dermatocystidia or pileocystidia), on the margin of the cap (circumcystidia) or on the stipe (caulocystidia). Especially the pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia are important for identification within many genera. Sometimes the cheilocystidia give the gill edge a distinct colour which is visible to the naked eye or with a hand lens.
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They also have a smaller, rounder row of leaves on the underside, however this can also trick some people into thinking it is a leafy liverwort. Upon closer inspection of the leaves with a hand lens, there will be a short costa (mid vein), which immediately rules out liverworts. Sporophytes are born on the underside of the plant, running evenly down the stem. The capsules are subglobose to ellipsoidal in shape with a fleshy, pale to dark brown calyptra.
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Prospectors for hardrock, or lode gold deposits, can use many tools. It is done at the simplest level by surface examination of rock outcrops, looking for exposures of mineral veins, hydrothermal alteration, or rock types known to host gold deposits. Field tools may be nothing more than a rock hammer and hand lens. Hardrock gold deposits are more varied in mineralogy and geology than placer deposits, and prospecting methods can be very different for different types of deposits.
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As originally defined, a biomantle must exhibit at least 50% biofabric. This criterion denotes small, often pelletized microbiofabric and mesobiofabric produced by invertebrates (ants, worms, termites), usually observed under hand lens or higher magnification (soil thin sections). The criterion, however, becomes moot and irrelevant in the case of megabiofabric produced in some biomantles – namely the cloddy and chunky surface-spoil heaps produced by small-to-large burrowing vertebrates (rodents, badgers, aardvarks, elephants) and by tree uprooting.
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Matijevic was the surface operations systems chief engineer for the Mars Science Laboratory Project and the project's Curiosity rover. He was also a leading engineer for all of the previous NASA Mars rovers including Sojourner, Spirit and Opportunity. Erosional formation of Jake M rock by wind. The rover team determined the rock to be a suitable target for the first use of Curiositys contact instruments, the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) and the Alpha particle X-ray spectrometer (APXS).
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There are fine radial grooves near the cap margin; young specimens, the margin is curved inward, but it straightens as it ages, and eventually develops cracks. The gills are white, and free from attachment to the stem. They are crowded together closely, and there are 2–3 tiers of lamellulae (short gills that do not extend completely from the cap margin to the stem). Viewed with a hand lens, the gill edges appear to have fringes.
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There is strong serration along the margins of the leaf tip, although a hand lens is usually required to see this. The leaves are also strongly plicate (folded along an axis) on either side of a central nerve (midrib) running length-wise through the leaf. The deepness of this pleating helps differentiate D. dicarpum from other Dicranoloma species. Another distinguishing feature is aggregated sporophytes, with 1-10 capsules produced from a single perichaetium (see Figure 2).
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While soil micromorphology begins in the field with the routine and careful use of a 10x hand lens, much more can be described by careful description of thin sections made of the soil with the aid of a petrographic polarizing light microscope. The soil can be impregnated with an epoxy resin, but more commonly with a polyester resin (crystic 17449) and sliced and ground to 0.03 millimeter thickness and examined by passing light through the thin soil plasma.
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Fruit bodies of the fungus grow initially as small, roundish bodies that may later coalesce, reaching sizes of up to by by thick. The colour of the pore surface is white to cream, with the pore tubes yellowing somewhat after drying. The sterile margin is cream coloured, and has a felty texture that is more prominent if viewed with a hand lens. The pores are circular to wavy in outline, and number between 2.5 and 4 per millimetre.
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One of the few cameras ever produced for left- handers was the half-frame Yashica Samurai. Cameras predominantly have the hand grip, shutter release, film wind lever and commonly used selection buttons, switches and dials controlled by the right hand. Lens controls (where present) tend to be accessible by either hand. When an unskilled left-handed person uses a right-handed camera the hand control can be less steady and hence produce camera shake leading to poorer pictures at low shutter speeds.
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The composition of igneous rocks and minerals can be determined via a variety of methods of varying ease, cost, and complexity. The simplest method is observation of hand samples with the naked eye and/or with a hand lens. This can be used to gauge the general mineralogical composition of the rock, which gives an insight into the composition. A more precise but still relatively inexpensive way to identify minerals (and thereby the bulk chemical composition of the rock) with a petrographic microscope.
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The fruit body of P. crassisubiculata is in the form of a small, thin crust (up to 350 μm thick) with a creamy yellow colour on the surface of the woody substrate. The surface texture of these spots, when viewed with a hand lens, ranges from smooth to minutely hairy–a feature made possible by the cystidia that project from the hymenophore. The spores of P. crassisubiculata are ellipsoid, thin-walled and smooth, measuring 5.1–6.8 x 2.8–4.5 μm.
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The vegetative body of the lichen, the thallus, is orange or orange-red in colour and may be continuous or fragmented. When fragmented the thallus looks lumpy under a hand lens; when continuous it is areolate and the margins may be ill-defined with almost no lobes; it is never powdery or pruinose. A light coloured prothallus may be visible in well- developed specimens. Apothecia are small and either scattered through the thallus or grouped in small clusters; diameters rarely greater than 0.8 mm.
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Harris was the first to publish about lichens in The Bryologist, a scientific journal devoted primarily to mosses, which was edited by Abel Joel Grout and Annie Morrill Smith. Harris published a series of 12 papers on lichens (see Publications), which provided beginners with an overview of their physiology and directions on how to identify and distinguish them from mosses. With careful textual descriptions, illustrations, and photographs, Harris hoped to describe lichens well enough that they could be recognized with a simple hand lens.
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The shell of Bartrumella is high spired with a well-developed columellar lamella, which gives the appearance of a tooth in the aperture. There are axial ribs and fine spiral sculpture in the form of raised intercostal threads which are only visible through a hand lens or microscope. The spiral sculpture is present on all whorls and on the base. This sculpture is stronger towards the apical side of the whorls, and in that area there are nodules where the spiral and axial sculpture cross.
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The whitish hairs on the leaf underside of Coast silktassel are not readily visible with a hand lens as for Congdon silktassel. Coast silktassel is most commonly seen growing as individual plants rather than in groves, and can be found in the Montara Mountain range, San Bruno Mountain and outer coastal ranges in Marin County such as Mount Tamalpais. Both Fremont silktassel (Garrya fremontii) and Ashy silktassel (Garrya flavescens) have similar fruit characteristics, but have a flat leaf margin. Fremont silktassel has yellow-green leaves and fruits that are almost lacking in hairs.
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Curiosity rover Curiosity, which landed on Mars in 2012, was equipped with the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) camera. It can maneuver its robotic arm and turn the attached camera around to take its head shots. Discovery News described the maneuver as the way to take a truly authentic selfie and gave it the title King of Selfies in 2013. The first ever space selfie on another planet was taken by the Curiosity rover on September 7, 2012 based on the local time at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the base of the operations in Pasadena, California.
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The stem is about 5 to 9 cm long and up to 0.5 cm in diameter and varies from dark brown at the base to whitish at the top with some ochraceous to reddish colour in the middle. It has a distinctive shiny and horny consistency. The adnate to almost free gills are quite distant and have a cream to brownish colour with a darker brown edge and there are tiny hairs on the edge which can be seen with a hand-lens. The taste is mild and there is little smell.
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The laboratory is a one-room space specifically intended for the pupils/students to actually experience science processes. It challenges the clientele to be science-conscious and through the science equipment and apparatuses available, the students are given the opportunity to enjoy using the magnifying hand lens, dissecting kit, peeping through the microscopes and other laboratory thrills. With the Science Encyclopedias available, it is desired that pupils and students will enjoy laboratory activities, with the science teacher as the prime motivator and facilitator of learning science skills. Latest hardware acquired is the over head projector.
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Fossils which can be studied with the naked eye or low-powered magnification, such as a hand lens, are referred to as macrofossils. For example, some colonial organisms, such as Bryozoa (especially the Cheilostomata) have relatively large colonies, but are classified by fine skeletal details of the small individuals of the colony. In another example, many fossil genera of Foraminifera, which are protists are known from shells (called "tests") that were as big as coins, such as the genus Nummulites. Microfossils are a common feature of the geological record, from the Precambrian to the Holocene.
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A pale, slightly domed swelling on the upper surface, which is induced by mites living and feeding within erineum (hairs), on the lower surface. The hairs are white or yellowish at first, later rust- brown and when viewed with a hand lens, the erineum look like a mat of shiny, glass-like hairs. In the autumn the mites spend the winter in old cones and bark crevices. This gall is found on Italian alder (Alnus cordata), European alder (Alnus glutinosa), grey alder (Alnus incana), Alnus x pubescens and Alnus viridis.
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Rickenella is most similar to Contumyces and Blasiphalia, from the former differing by having its cystidia on the cap, stipe, and hymenium solitary and scattered. The hair-like cystidia on the cap and stipe give the small mushrooms a fuzzy appearance when viewed through a magnifying glass or hand lens. This helps to distinguish the genus from genera like Loreleia, which can be orange colored and inhabits similar sites, as well as other brightly pigmented omphalinoid genera. Rickenella does not produce massive clasping, hand-like appressoria on the rhizoids of its host, as does Blasiphalia.
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The flesh is thick and orangish to ochraceous in color; its taste and odor have been variously described as "not distinctive" or "pleasant". The thick gills are decurrent (attached to and extending a short ways down the stem), well spaced, ochraceous buff to pale orange when young, but turning to blackish after the spores mature. In his original description, Peck noted that the gills, when viewed with a hand lens, "appear velvety due to the abundant spores". The fruit bodies are initially covered with a thin, web-like partial veil that soon disappears as the cap expands.
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Geology in those days was just hammer and hand lens affair. He did doctoral research in radioactivity studies using the equipment that he built himself with the help of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai. It was the first doctoral thesis on nuclear geology in India and was examined by Arthur Holmes, F.R.S. of UK, J. Tuzo Wilson, F.R.S., of Canada, and Louis Ahrens then at Oxford. Later he did post-doctoral work on lead isotopes with Clair Patterson in Caltech in 1957, and Rb – Sr and K – Ar dating with S. Moorbath in Oxford, England, in 1963.
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The asparagus miner is a bivoltine stem- mining fly and a major pest of asparagus. It is small (~2–5 mm) with a shiny black body and black legs Under a dissecting microscope or with a hand lens, one can confirm the identity of the fly by checking that the costa (the thicker marginal vein) ends at vein R4+5. In addition, the fly has five conspicuous orbital bristles emerging from the middle of its head. The maggots (immature stages) may be up to 5 mm long, and can be found feeding internally in asparagus stems.
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John Klein site chosen for Curiositys drill sampling. A number of different instruments were used by Curiosity in attempts to assess the mineralogy of the mudstone sampled from the Sheepbed strata. The CheMin XRD, Mastcam, Chemcam, alpha particle x-ray spectrometer (APXS), and the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) were all used to obtain the most complete picture possible of the chemistry and mineralogy of the two samples, which were used to describe the region as a whole. A large amount of phyllosilicates, clay minerals such as smectite, were found to be major constituents in the two samples.
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Critonia is a genus of flowering plant in the subtribe Eupatorieae of the sunflower family.Browne, Patrick. 1756. The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica in Three Parts page 490Tropicos, Critonia P. Browne The most notable trait that characterizes the genus is the presence of pellucid punctations caused by internal secretory pockets of the leaves - to be seen these must be viewed with a hand lens while holding the leaf up to light in most species of the genus. Most species of Critonia also have smooth opposite leaves, a shrubby habit, unenlarged style bases, relatively few (3-5) flowers per head, and imbricate involucres.
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Ronald Cecil Concert Party postcard, ca.1913 The Ronald Cecil Concert Party postcard shows a crowd on the Herne Bay seafront around 1913, including rehearsed and choreographed tableaux vivants by actors. It was apparently produced in response to the contemporary eagerness of aficionados to collect and examine (with a hand lens) the detailed prints made from large glass negatives. The signature of such a postcard is the inclusion of tableaux signifying the fleeting moment, and in this example it is the running boy about to go out of frame on the left,Said by the servant Little Warner to be a boy from the St Georges Terrace school in Herne Bay.
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The rock hammer and hand lens (or loupe) are two of the most characteristic tools carried by geologists in the field. In Canada, National Instrument 43-101 requires reports containing estimates of mineral resources and reserves to be prepared by, or under the supervision of, a Qualified Person (QP) who has at least five years of experience with the reported minerals and is a member of a professional association. The QP accepts personal liability for the professional quality of the report and underlying work. The rules and guidelines codified in National Instrument 43-101 were introduced after a scandal in 1997 where Bre-X geologists salted drill core samples at a gold exploration property in Busang, Indonesia.
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Camera, hand lens, and microscope probe (CHAMP) is a microscope capable of color imaging with a spatial resolution ranging from infinity imaging down to 3 µm per pixel. The instrument was originally developed through the Mars Instrument Development Program (MIDP) in support of robotic field investigations, and was an instrument proposed for use on the 2011 Mars Science Laboratory rover mission to Mars. The instrument would allow examination of Martian surface features and materials (terrain, rocks, soils, samples) on spatial scales ranging from kilometers to micrometers, thus enabling both microscopy and context imaging with high operational flexibility. The instrument would allow for a better understanding of the evolution of the Martian surface over time.
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Pityrodia loricata is a dense, multi-stemmed shrub which usually grows to a height of and which has its branches and leaves densely covered with silvery, shield-shaped scales, although the scales may be difficult to see without a hand lens. The leaves are stalkless, arranged in whorls, more or less crowded near the ends of the branches, lance-shaped, long and wide. The flowers are pale whitish-pink and are usually arranged in groups of up to three on stalks long in upper leaf axils. The flowers are surrounded by linear to lance-shaped bracts and bracteoles which are long, scaly on the outside and glabrous and scale-less on the inside.
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Text seen through a magnifying glass Jim Hutton as detective Ellery Queen, posing with a magnifying glass A magnifying glass (called a hand lens in laboratory contexts) is a convex lens that is used to produce a magnified image of an object. The lens is usually mounted in a frame with a handle. A magnifying glass can be used to focus light, such as to concentrate the sun's radiation to create a hot spot at the focus for fire starting. A plastic Fresnel lens sold as a TV-screen magnifier A sheet magnifier consists of many very narrow concentric ring-shaped lenses, such that the combination acts as a single lens but is much thinner.
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The structure of hardwoods is more complex. The water conducting capability is mostly taken care of by vessels: in some cases (oak, chestnut, ash) these are quite large and distinct, in others (buckeye, poplar, willow) too small to be seen without a hand lens. In discussing such woods it is customary to divide them into two large classes, ring-porous and diffuse-porous. In ring-porous species, such as ash, black locust, catalpa, chestnut, elm, hickory, mulberry, and oak, the larger vessels or pores (as cross sections of vessels are called) are localized in the part of the growth ring formed in spring, thus forming a region of more or less open and porous tissue.
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In the field, to the eye, Loreleia is most similar to Rickenella because of the orangish colors and omphalinoid shape, but microscopically it differs by the absence of cystidia that in Rickenella make the latter minutely fuzzy as seen with a hand lens. Loreleia penetrates the rhizoids of liverworts and may form a type of symbiosis with them, but in axenic culture tests, L. marchantiae killed Marchantia polymorpha when directly inoculated in contrast to the absence of necrosis in nature in situ. In nature Loreleia often occur in wet areas such as seepages with their hosts, Marchantia. Older literature often treats the species, like L. postii and L. marchantiae, in the genera Omphalina or Gerronema.
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Photomicrograph of a volcanic sand grain; upper picture is plane-polarized light, bottom picture is cross-polarized light, scale box at left-center is 0.25 millimeter. When dealing with unfamiliar types or with rocks so fine grained that their component minerals cannot be determined with the aid of a hand lens, a microscope is used. Characteristics observed under the microscope include colour, colour variation under plane polarised light (pleochroism, produced by the lower Nicol prism, or more recently polarising films), fracture characteristics of the grains, refractive index (in comparison to the mounting adhesive, typically Canada balsam), and optical symmetry (birefringent or isotropic). In toto, these characteristics are sufficient to identify the mineral, and often to quite tightly estimate its major element composition.
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Leatherman is known for his annual ratings of the top beaches in the United States; his #1 beach for 2012 was Coronado Beach in San Diego, California. Once a beach is awarded the top ranking, Leatherman "retires" it from any further consideration as a National Winner. The list, which Leatherman has released each Memorial Day weekend since 1991, is based on 50 criteria. Some of the tools used to evaluate a beach in the field include: dye ball water tracer for measuring currents such as longshore and especially dangerous rip and tidal currents, Secchi disk for measuring water clarity and visibility, a Brunton compass/clinometer to determine beach slope, field sieve set to determine sand grain size, and a hand lens for mineralogical identification.
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Jellyfish range from about one millimeter in bell height and diameter, to nearly in bell height and diameter; the tentacles and mouth parts usually extend beyond this bell dimension. The smallest jellyfish are the peculiar creeping jellyfish in the genera Staurocladia and Eleutheria, which have bell disks from to a few millimeters in diameter, with short tentacles that extend out beyond this, which these jellyfish use to move across the surface of seaweed or the bottoms of rocky pools. Many of these tiny creeping jellyfish cannot be seen in the field without a hand lens or microscope; they can reproduce asexually by fission (splitting in half). Other very small jellyfish, which have bells about one millimeter, are the hydromedusae of many species that have just been released from their parent polyps; some of these live only a few minutes before shedding their gametes in the plankton and then dying, while others will grow in the plankton for weeks or months.
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As index species for correlating and establishing the ages of rocks he employed the study of microscopic fossils such as foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils (coccoliths), which he would frequently prepare by concentrating them from their clay residues by washing the samples through cloths in his hotel bedrooms while away on field trips, to the amusement of his more "professional" colleagues, before inspecting them with his hand lens; on several occasions this enabled him to comment on the material just collected in almost "real time" before any of his colleagues had studied them back in their laboratories, as well as greatly reducing the bulk of material to be carried home. Despite his use of "amateur methods" in some respects, his contributions to the fields of geology and micropaleontology were accepted by the most respected journals in the relevant areas and he published more than 120 scientific papers over a 62-year period, a remarkable achievement for one whose main professional activities lay elsewhere.
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