Already many cattle graziers are being forced to sell stock they can no longer feed.
|
|
Winter's wheat crop is failing in the east and graziers are struggling to keep livestock alive on bone-dry pastures.
|
|
The showers are a welcome boost for farmers and graziers in the state, 99 percent of which is in drought.
|
|
Australian cattle graziers and citrus growers also fear they are being sidelined by China as a result of the row.
|
|
Many regions of Australia's graziers were driven to the brink of bankruptcy during a temporary suspension of Indonesian cattle imports in 2011.
|
|
Graziers culled cattle in record numbers following a drought induced by an unusually strong El Nino weather system between 2014 and 2016.
|
|
Australia's dry weather is also expected to force cattle graziers to cull more animals at near-record levels as pasture wilts, keeping global prices under pressure.
|
|
The ACFR, which hosts around 130 researchers and engineers, builds robots for mining and aviation, but it's also looking at how automated systems could assist graziers and farmers.
|
|
AGC was due to meet on Friday with the state's Pastoralists and Graziers Association, a prominent industry body, to drum up support for its plan, several growers told Reuters.
|
|
Australia's east coast has recorded less than a fifth of its typical rainfall over the last three months and farmland there is bone dry, with graziers buying in grain to feed their herds.
|
|
Production of wheat, Australia's largest rural export, is set to fall to an eight-year low this season and graziers are killing cattle and sheep by the thousand lest they starve to death.
|
|
Dry weather forced graziers to cull cattle in record numbers as dams ran dry and feed stocks wilted, taking the size of Australia's cattle herd to at least a two-decade low last year.
|
|
The country's east coast has recorded less than a fifth of its typical rainfall over the last three months to September and is barren, with winter crops failed and graziers buying in grain to feed their herds.
|
|
The country's east coast has recorded less than a fifth of its typical rainfall over the last three months and farmland there is bone dry, with winter crops failed and graziers buying in grain to feed their herds.
|
|
Production of wheat, Australia's largest rural export, is set to fall to an eight-year low this season, owing to near record low rainfall, while graziers are killing cattle and sheep by the thousand lest they starve to death.
|
|
The falls, though, will need to be followed up with more rain to break a drought has gripped a swathe of Australia's southeast, turning pastures barren and driving graziers to buy in expensive grain to keep their herds alive.
|
|
Recent rains in Australia have done little to relieve the drought gripping the country's east, which has turned pastures into dust bowls, forced graziers to buy expensive grain to keep their herds alive, and led farmers to slaughter sheep and cattle.
|
|
While the dry weather would reduce production of some commodities, ABARES said the drought would increase output of beef as graziers are forced to cull livestock as they are unable to feed and water their livestock when pasture wilts and dams run out of water.
|
|
On the other hand, Graham reports, the small farmers, not the graziers, founded the Country party. The farmers advocated government intervention in the market through price support schemes and marketing pools. The graziers often politically and financially supported the Country party, which in turn made the Country party more conservative.B.D. Graham, "Graziers in Politics, 1917 To 1929", Historical Studies: Australia and New Zealand, 1959, Vol.
|
|
After the war, he became a farmer near Wingen and in 1924, he married Katherine Bliss Wilkinson. He became president of the Graziers' Association of New South Wales in 1935 and was president of the Graziers' Federal Council of Australia in 1937 and 1938.
|
|
He remained active as a Graziers' Association councillor until 1947. White died in Armidale in 1971.
|
|
The graziers in the valley may have belonged to them, but the location looked to the sea.
|
|
He was also President of the Graziers Association. He was the first Chairman of the Aramac Divisional Board.
|
|
As of the early 1890s Bradley was considered one of the best batsmen in Brisbane, characterized by patience, and a good wicket- keeper. He played for the Brisbane Graziers' Cricket Club and in December 1892 he was selected for a series between Graziers' and a Rockhampton XI. It was noted that Graziers' did not have a longstop in place during the series due to Bradley's skill as a wicket-keeper. Bradley captained Graziers' in the second match of the series. Queensland was granted first-class status in the 1892-93 season, and in March 1893 a match between two Queensland sides was played to determine who would be selected for the states inaugural first-class match.
|
|
There was talk that the forced acquisition of land and businesses was illegal and some people agitated to commence legal action against the Authority. Graziers around Jindabyne and Adaminaby, who would be affected by the proposed dams, formed the Graziers Protection Association and sought legal opinion from Sir Garfield Barwick who advised that the Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Power Act was invalid. The Authority, which was treated with suspicion, was keen to avoid litigation. They met with the Graziers Protection Association and came to an agreement to buy land based on current market rates, with a potential of a lease back for 3 years to allow graziers time to find replacement properties.
|
|
Some farmers and graziers were also attracted into the area including grazier Frank Kearney after whom Kearneys Falls and Kearneys Flat were named.
|
|
CricketArchive – match scorecard. Retrieved on 1 December 2008. Bramley was born at Arnold, Nottinghamshire and died at the Graziers Half Way House in Nottinghamshire.
|
|
In 1919, the Farmers' and Settlers' Association and the Graziers' Association founded a new Progressive Party, which won metropolitan and rural seats in the 1920 election.
|
|
In 1892 there was further petition for a local institute by the newly formed Queensland Stockbreeders and Graziers' Association, with reference to seeking the services of Adrien Loir.
|
|
There followed a variety of owners and lessees of the four warehouses, but the two most closely associated with the building in the second half of the 19th century were the United Graziers' Association and the Queensland Country Life newspaper. In late 1955, Queensland Country Life announced that it was moving to ground floor premises in the United Graziers' Association building at 432 Queen Street. In 1964 the trustees of the United Graziers' Association of Queensland, Union of Employers, purchased part of the site, and in 1977 this was transferred to Queensland Country Life Newspaper Pty Ltd. In 1973 the northern warehouse was sold and subsequently demolished for the construction of an adjoining highrise.
|
|
Alpine pastures occur near the snow line. Subalpine and temperate forests are found at lower elevations. Human habitation in the Lhomak valley is very sparse. It is visited by graziers.
|
|
The Binnawee Homestead and outbuildings are of State significance as highly representative of the pastoral history of the district and state and the aspirations, rise and wealth of the early graziers.
|
|
Instead of returning to the ministry, Boyer became a jackeroo and in 1920 acquired a 38,652 acre (15,642 ha) property named Durella, near Morven, Queensland and married his former war nurse Eleanor Muriel Underwood. The Boyers succeeded as sheep farmers and he became president of the Warrego Graziers' Association in 1934 and, following a visit to Europe in 1935, increased his involvement in the affairs of the wool industry. As President of the United Graziers' Association of Queensland (1941–44) and of the Graziers' Federal Council of Australia (1942), he gained tax concessions for pastoral improvements and sat on the Australian Meat Industry Commission. Durella was put under management and the Boyers moved to Brisbane in 1937 and to Sydney in 1940.
|
|
Today businesses in Memerambi include 'Stop Shop' general store; clock repairs; large machinery & engineering works; pharmaceutical manufacturing; stock feed store; graziers; concreting & pool construction.Locafy: Local Area Marketing, accessed on 2011-11-13.
|
|
On his return to Australia, a CSIR proposal to establish a cattle breeding station for experimental mating of Brahman and British cattle breeds in north Queensland was rejected by a graziers' meeting in Rockhampton. Influential men such as James Lockie Wilson (1880-1956), an executive member of the United Graziers' Association (UGA) for 27 years, opposed CSIR's introduction of Brahman cattle. The project remained dormant until 1933 when Dr Gilruth negotiated an agreement with three pastoral companies and one central Queensland grazier.
|
|
McWilliams later left the Country Party to sit as an Independent. According to historian B. D. Graham (1959), the graziers who operated the sheep stations were politically conservative. They disliked the Labor Party, which represented their workers, and feared that Labor governments would pass unfavorable legislation and listen to foreigners and communists. The graziers were satisfied with the marketing organisation of their industry, opposed any change in land tenure and labour relations, and advocated lower tariffs, low freight rates, and low taxes.
|
|
The first trains carried both gold and wool from local graziers back to the port of Townsville. Demand led to the approval of a western extension to Hughenden to service the cattle grazing industry. The Northern Railway opened in 1887 and soon became the most profitable in Queensland as graziers took up land along its route. During the 1870s the increase in population at newly opened Queensland gold fields, particularly on the Palmer River, provided a ready market for beef.
|
|
McWhannell and his brother were squatters before purchasing the following properties as sheep graziers: Rodney Downs at Aramac (70,000 sheep), and Headingly, Undilla, Stoney Plains and Oban on the Barkly Tableland (35,000–40,000 sheep).
|
|
Kersley and his son George Kersley Jr. were leading graziers or farmers of the Dumbleyung district. Kersley Jr. married Margaret, a daughter of the Catholic Cronin family from "Bunkin". Kersley died in Dumbleyung in 1906.
|
|
In 1905, Gordon became a Justice of the Peace. He served as President of the Braidwood Hospital Board, Chairman of the Pastures Protection Board and Chairman of the Braidwood branch of the Graziers Association of NSW.
|
|
Charlie Pollard was the Landlord of the Graziers' Hotel, Belle Vue, Wakefield .Wakefield Trinity Committee, 7 Tammy Hall Street, Wakefield (Saturday 13 November 1920). Wakefield Trinity Gazette. John Fletcher Printers, Albion Court, Westgate, Wakefield, WF1 1BD.
|
|
Kelly's Directory of Lincolnshire 1955, p.18Kelly's Directory of Lincolnshire with the port of Hull 1885, pp.291, 292Kelly's Directory of Lincolnshire 1933, p.51 The 1872 White's Directory listed three farmers who were also graziers.
|
|
A pastoral lease, sometimes called a pastoral run, is an arrangement used in both Australia and New Zealand where government-owned Crown land is leased out to graziers for the purpose of livestock grazing on rangelands.
|
|
According to Liston, a significant proportion of the Campbelltown farmers were ex-convicts who owned small holdings. Whether this was true of the Rudds or not, during the squatting era, it was common for established farmers and graziers to send their sons out into the hinterland to build grazing properties. It was also customary for graziers to move closer to town in their more mature years leaving their sons to continue to work their country estates. In such cases there could be a continuing connection between the grazing runs and the home in town or, in this case, close to the city.
|
|
ABBA); was a foundation member of The Australian Tropical Beef Breeders' Association (1952); and helped establish the North Queensland Saleyards Pty Ltd, of which he was the chairman of the board of directors from 1947 to 1976. He also served as chairman of the Mt Garnet branch of the Northern Graziers' Association between 1946 and 1949 and was a committee member of the Graziers' Association of Central and Northern Queensland in 1949. In addition to his Brahman cross and Brahman stud herds, Atkinson also conducted a Poll Hereford Stud from and a Santa Gertrudis stud from 1952.
|
|
In 1976 he was appointed senior vice-president of the Australian Wheat-growers' Federation, and in 1979 negotiated the amalgamation of the Victorian Farmers' Union, the Graziers' Association of Victoria and the United Dairy-farmers of Victoria. He became the first president of the resulting entity, known at first as the Victorian Farmers and Graziers Association but later known as the Victorian Farmers' Federation. Bourke continued in this role until his collapse at a wheat board meeting in 1982. He died of a dissecting aneurysm on 13 October 1982 in South Melbourne, and was buried in Warracknabeal.
|
|
Nomadic Ladakhi graziers also used them for grazing cattle. Gogra is actually in a branch valley of the Changchenmo watered by the Khugrang River, northwest of Hot Springs. The Changlung River flows in from theh northeast to join Khugrang at this location.
|
|
By 1865 in the Sands Directory the place is called the Argyle Hotel and in 1868 the name British Seamen's Hotel appears with Mary Wormleighten manageress. The proprietor William Reilly, owned the property until when he sold it to graziers John and William Gill.
|
|
Huge fires consumed over of grasslands in gulf area. Graziers were left with very little feed left for 50,000–60,000 head of cattle in the area and the historic Croydon -Esmeralda Homestead that dated back to the 1800s was also burnt to the ground.
|
|
The PS Rodney is directly associated with the industrial dispute between graziers and shearers in the last decade of the 19th century and, in particular. The use of the Rodney to carry non-union labour demonstrates the determination of the graziers to break the strike utilising the only significant transport available at that time. Equally, the destruction of the Rodney by the unionists, the only recorded act of industrial espionage of this nature, demonstrates the ferocity with which the dispute was being fought. The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.
|
|
Having first served as a Councillor on Waggamba Shire, McKechnie, for the Country Party, in 1963 defeated the long serving member for Carnarvon, Paul Hilton. He was the Minister for Local Government and Electricity from 1972 until his retirement from politics in 1974. McKechnie suffered a serious stroke in 1974 forcing his retirement from politics and at the state election held just over a month later, his son Peter won Carnarvon, becoming the only father and son to have served in the Queensland cabinet in the 20th century. He was the foundation Secretary of the Goondiwindi Graziers Association, a member of the Queensland United Graziers Association and Grain Growers Association.
|
|
The clergy in the district around Westport and Newport, County Mayo promoted the League with considerable zeal, one parish priest called for a branch to hunt the grabbers and Scottish graziers out of the country . Elsewhere the clergy were in no hurry to sanction the League's agitation.
|
|
Forbes was born in 1977 in Brewarrina. Her family were graziers where the death of animals was routine. She completed her schooling at Hornsby Girls' High School in Sydney. Her first degree was in Applied Chemistry and Forensic Science and she went on to a science based doctorate.
|
|
When the Victorian Licensing Board threatened to revoke the licence a group of local graziers (Jim Barty, Alf Fletcher, Alan Finning, Ringan Oliver, Ian MacRae and Louis Smith), fearing the town would die if the hotel closed, pooled 500 pounds each to purchase the freehold and renovate the hotel.
|
|
They purchased, cleared and fenced the land. Mary McConnel, in particular, was a staunch Presbyterian and she and her family encouraged the establishment and support of other churches in the Valley. Alexander Raff, Bigge's financial manager, and other local graziers donated money towards the building of St Andrews.
|
|
When this proved uneconomic, he switched the Ansett Motors operation to a Ballarat to Hamilton service. The wealthy graziers of Victoria's western district proved to be a much better market. Within a few years he had a small fleet of service cars operating to towns in western Victoria.
|
|
The first settlers in the region were cedar cutters in the early nineteenth century, followed by graziers in 1812. Charles Throsby established a stockman's hut in the area in 1815. The first land grants were made in 1816. In 1830, a military barracks was constructed near the harbour.
|
|
Baynes Bros Woolscour & Fellmongery in Belmont, Brisbane In 1859 Baynes joined Isaac and Hugh Moore on Barambah station in the Burnett district and on Condamine Plains on the Darling Downs. He was one of the pioneers of the meat-preserving industry and has seen the trade develop from its very beginning. He established a butchering business in South Brisbane in 1859 and expanded to wholesale trade. In 1880, with his brothers, Baynes established the Graziers Butchering Co. and the Graziers Meat Export Co. The companies were sold in 1885 to a new partnership of the three Baynes sons (Harry, George and Ernest) and George Hooper, who was replaced in 1888 by John V Francis.
|
|
At one point, he joins a shearing team with Sean as tarboy and Ida as the shearers cook. They meet various colourful outback characters, ranging from prosperous graziers to drunks, including Rupert Venneker, a well-educated Englishman in self-imposed exile. Along the way. Sean develops from boy into young man.
|
|
In May and June the plans were prepared.Historic Houses Trust, 1994. Lyndhurst house was built between 1834 and 1837 as a "suburban villa" with view to Blackwattle Bay by Verge for Bowman, the principal colonial surgeon and his wife Mary. Mary was a daughter of graziers John and Elizabeth Macarthur.
|
|
Register of Heritage Places – Assessment Documentation (Cooya Pooya Station), p.5 . Church was involved in the Pastoralists and Graziers Association of Western Australian from its inception in 1907, and served as its president for a period. Outside of his pastoral interests, he was also a director of a meat export firm.
|
|
The town reach about a thousand persons in the 1870s. Bushrangers Whitton and Reynolds and later Ben Hall robbed the town at this time. In the 20th century came a Cricket club (1880), Memorial Hall (1920), Sisters of Mercy convent (1920), rugby league club (1922) Graziers Association (1923) and hockey club (1932).
|
|
Kemp returned to Australia in 1816 and settled in Van Diemen's Land. He received a grant of at Green Ponds, north of Hobart. He received further grants in 1829 and also purchased or obtained leases on further land. Kemp become a leading figure among graziers, merchants, importers and shippers in the area.
|
|
The United Irish League (1898–1910) was an agrarian protest organization based in Connacht, with branches throughout the country, which sought redistribution of land from graziers to smallholders and (later) compulsory purchase of land by tenants at favourable prices. After passage of the Land Purchase (Ireland) Act 1903, the League campaigned for the sale of estates (including untenanted land) to tenants at low prices and the reduction of rent to the level of the annuities paid by new freeholders. The modus operandi of local UIL branches was to send young men to demand that graziers give up their land. If a compromise could not be reached, the grazier would be summoned to a meeting for his case to be considered.
|
|
The Bhurtiya are divided into several gotras, such as Bamaria, Bijlauria, Darariha, Dayarba, Duhilwar, Mankathiya, Nurara and Udyana. Marriages are prohibited within the gotra, and the Bhurtiya are strictly endogamous. They are a community of settled agriculturist, with animal husbandry being subsidiary occupation. Like other Ahirs, the community were traditionally graziers, rearing and breeding cattle.
|
|
In 1907 the Riverina farmers split to form a separate organisation and some 18 years later, in 1925, the Pastoral Association of Victoria became known as the Graziers Association of Victoria. In 1986 the VFGA changed its name to the Victorian Farmers Federation to come into line with the other national and state farming organisations.
|
|
This orphanage had been discontinued by 1877, and in its place was established a free school for local boys and girls. Occupations in 1877 included eight graziers, four of whom were farmers, a further farmer and a market gardener. Also listed was a schoolmistress, the parish rector, and Frewen family occupants of Cold Overton Hall.
|
|
The lord of the manor and owner of the parish land was Sir William Earle Welby-Gregory DL, JP, of Denton Hall. Kellys also noted two public houses, the Red Lion and Waggon and Horses, 12 farmers, 4 graziers, a butcher, shoemaker, shopkeeper, carrier, coal dealer, wheelwright, beer retailer, harness maker and a blacksmith.
|
|
Attwater suffered for several days afterwards, though. At 27 years of age, "Rocky Ned" was still Australia's most famous buckjumper. He was bucked at the Thorpe McConville shows from 1934 to 1940 and was unridden during this time. During the early days of bushmen's carnivals the local committees owned their own buckjumpers (broncos) which were agisted by local graziers.
|
|
Cattle breeding was important in the interior of Cornwall and in north Devon. Much of the stock sold in the markets of east Cornwall was sold to graziers for fattening further east.Harrison (1984), p. 375 In the 1710s the farmers of St Germans summered their bullocks on the common moors of St Cleer and St Neot.Harrison (1984), p.
|
|
In 1875, McDougall was one of the founding trustees of the Toowoomba Grammar School. In 1891, McDougall was the founding president of the Darling Downs Pastoralists' Association (which later became the Graziers' Association of South-East Queensland). McDougall retired in about 1894 and was shortly after seized by paralysis. He died on Wednesday 11 November 1896 at Sandgate.
|
|
ANU Archives: Australian Woolgrowers' and Graziers' Council. Retrieved 3 February 2015 He was a Member of the Reserve Bank of Australia Board 1977-87.Past & Present Reserve Bank Board Members. Retrieved 3 February 2015 From 1979-85 he was a member and occasional acting Chairman of the Australian Science and Technology Council.Media Release: Bob Hawke, 12 February 1985.
|
|
The plains were once lightly forested with mainly gum, coolibah, box, wilga, belah, myall, Cypress pine and leopardwood trees. Many of these early timbers were used for buildings and fences. The region is renowned for its good merino sheep with 21 micron wool and quality beef cattle. Although this is marginal, graziers have been able to diversify into farming.
|
|
The trampling of hundreds of cattle consuming rock salt that graziers had placed there, caused depressions that filled with water. These depressions were called "the smiggin holes". The year 1939 signified the start of Smiggin Holes as a destination for skiers. Smiggin Holes is widely regarded as one of the best beginners' ski resorts on the Australian snowfields.
|
|
The home was constructed 1896–97 and is heritage-listed.State Heritage Register In 1895, Kent designed his first major warehouse. The Farmers & Graziers No. 1 Woolstore building is a 3 & 4-storey Federation style warehouse constructed of face brickwork with sandstone detailing and timber windows and doors. It has in recent years been converted into residential apartments.
|
|
With these facilities a sugar boom began: small growers brought their cane for crushing to the Alexandra mill and acreage under cane expanded rapidly. Cane growers pushed back the graziers and by 1870 five mills were established. By 1872 Mackay mills produced 40 per cent of the total Queensland sugar production and 37 per cent of its rum.
|
|
Nundroo is a small South Australian town, located approximately west of Adelaide. It is a popular rest stop for travellers due to its location on the Eyre Highway. The area was settled by sheep graziers in the 1860s. By the 1870s the Nundroo sheep station had been incorporated in the larger Yalata and Fowlers Bay sheep runs.
|
|
Dima Hasao District is a land of sensuousness. The district is populated by various tribes and races who maintain their own dialect, culture, customs and way of living. Apart from various tribes, non-tribals also account for a sizable amount of the population. They are mostly government employees, traders, graziers living in urban and semi-urban area.
|
|
An American alt= More distinct terms are commonly used to denote farmers who raise specific domesticated animals. For example, those who raise grazing livestock, such as cattle, sheep, goats, and horses, are known as ranchers (U.S.), graziers (Australia & U.K.), or simply stockmen. Sheep, goat, and cattle farmers might also be referred to respectively as shepherds, goatherds, and cowherds.
|
|
In response to the need to unite all farm lobby groups, the VFF was founded in 1979 as the Victorian Farmers and Graziers Association (VFGA) - the merger of three organisations: the Victorian Farmers Union (VFU), the Graziers Association of Victoria (GAV) and the United Dairyfarmers of Victoria (UDV). The VFU was established in 1968 following the merger of the Victorian Wheat and Woolgrowers Association (VWWA) established in 1938, and the Victorian Branch of the Australian Primary Producers Union (APUV) established in 1940. The GAV's roots went as far back as 1890, when during a shearing turmoil, the Pastoralists Union of Victoria and Southern Riverina was formed. The main concern at that time was the strength of the Amalgamated Shearers Union and it became apparent that pastoralists had to unite as a counter measure.
|
|
Agouti is not unusual, and can look like a double coat. Working Kelpies vary in size, ranging from about and . The dog's working ability is unrelated to appearance, so stockmen looking for capable working dogs disregard the dog's appearance. A Working Kelpie can be a cheap and efficient worker that can save farmers and graziers the cost of several hands when mustering livestock.
|
|
26 2008.. The Swazi saw the Zulus' refusal to allow white farmers, traders and missionaries to penetrate their land, leading to Britain's destruction of the Zulu monarchy in 1879. In the 1880s, King Mbandzeni granted numerous concessions to Boer graziers, and British traders and miners. This amounted to a "paper conquest" of Swaziland.Patricks. "Swazi History Olden Times to 1900". SNTC. July 2000. Feb.
|
|
In July 1910 the town took the name of Moore from its railway station, which was named after John and William Moore, graziers of Colinton. Moore Provisional School opened on 1 December 1904, becoming Moore State School in 1908. The school ceased operation on 31 December 2006 and was officially closed in December 2007. The school was sold for $77,000 in 2012.
|
|
Scott was born in Roma, Queensland, and was educated at the Anglican Church Grammar School in Brisbane. Before entering politics, Scott was a wool and grain grower. He served as president of the Queensland Merino Stud Sheep Breeders Association, president of the Maranoa Graziers' Association and president of the Australian Association of Stud Merino Breeders. He was a Nuffield Farming Scholar in 1983.
|
|
Club members continued to procure more trees felled during the 1949 cyclone, this time from local graziers with family interests in the club. Members were involved in the long process of milling the logs. In 1953 land was reclaimed for a clubhouse. The fill came from Auckland Hill, which had been successively excavated for fill over the years, particularly in the 1950s.
|
|
This appears to be borne out by the Wairuna lease being held by the Bank of New South Wales as mortgagor for James Atkinson from 26 September 1887, which was still the case in 1900. However, Geoffrey Bolton states that "[g]radually between 1870 and 1890 most of the northern graziers achieved, if not prosperity, a modest standard of comfort".
|
|
In the 18th century English graziers of Craven Highlands, West Riding of Yorkshire, went as far as Scotland to purchase cattle stock, thence to be brought down the drove roads to their cattle-rearing district. In the summer of 1745 the celebrated Mr Birtwhistle had 20,000 head brought "on the hoof" from the northern Scotland to Great Close near Malham, a distance of over .
|
|
One ground was the costs of $803,989 awarded against him. The appeal hearing commenced on 23 March 2015 and was adjourned on 25 March "to deal with an order to ascertain whether Mr Baxter's defence has been financially supported by GM-seed supplier Monsanto and/or the Pastoralists and Graziers Association (PGA)". The Court of Appeal subsequently dismissed the appeal and ordered Marsh to pay Baxter's costs.
|
|
There was a post box but no post office. The nearest money order office was at Long Compton, the nearest telegraph offices at Moreton-in-Marsh and Shipston-on-Stour. A National School for 70 children was erected in 1874 by Lord Redesdale; its average 1896 attendance was 61. Trades and occupations listed in 1896 included six farmers, a shoemaker, two graziers and a blacksmith & farrier.
|
|
Sir Robert Christian Wilson (11 November 1896 - 21 August 1973) was an Australian politician. He was born in Mudgee to grazier Henry Christian Wilson and Mary Hales. He attended Fort Street High School and served during World War I with the 1st Light Horse Regiment. He became a businessman, working as general manager of the Graziers' Co-operative Shearing Company from 1924 to 1961.
|
|
The Pastoralists and Graziers Association of Western Australia, abbreviated (PGA), is a Perth-based lobby group acting for the interests of agricultural and associated industries. In particular, it supports a free market system and strongly opposes "statutory marketing" and related governmental regulation.About Us on official website It has sometimes clashed with the Western Australian Farmers Federation, over issues such as lamb and wheat marketing.
|
|
The area is too dry to support much livestock, so Nackara never grew beyond around 20 families and the township didn't develop. After the railway was realigned several kilometres to the south around the 1960s, the town practically died. There are only several graziers left in the area now. Nackara School and the disused Nackara Institute (community hall) are all that remain standing within the Nackara township.
|
|
Fessey was raised on a cattle and sheep property north of Brewarrina, New South Wales where her family were graziers. Her primary schooling was via the School of the Air. Her secondary education was at Loreto Normanhurst where she took up rowing. Her senior rowing club has been from the UTS Haberfield Rowing Club under coach David Gely who had also been her school coach.
|
|
David John Gatenby (born 12 February 1952 in Launceston, Tasmania) is an Australian cricketer, who played for Tasmania. He was a right-handed batsman and leg-spin bowler who represented the team from 1972 until 1979. Gatenby was the president of the Tasmanian Farmers and Graziers Association from 2008 - 2013. He is currently a member of the Heritage Council of Tasmania, and the Tasmanian Forest Practices Board.
|
|
In January 2008, the Nogoa River reached record flood levels. During the flood, water levels in the Fairbairn Dam rapidly exceeded 100%. Within a week inundations had caused severe disruptions to graziers, crops growers and to residents of Emerald when waters broke its banks. The Nogoa peaked at in Emerald on the night of January 22 2008, causing more than 2500 people to be evacuated.
|
|
More heavy flooding occurred in 1955, 1960, 1974, 1991 and 2000. In 2003, licences to take water from the river were first released when a pastoralist, Corbett Tritton, applied for an irrigation licence. He successfully grew crops like sorghum and cotton on his cattle station and soon other graziers were interested. A moratorium on the issuing of licences followed, but was lifted in 2013.
|
|
He rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel and commanded the 7th Light Horse Regiment, and was mentioned in despatches twice. After his return he served as a Progressive member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Goulburn from 1920 to 1925. He was active in graziers' associations after his defeat. On 29 October 1935 he married Helen Stephen, with whom he had three children.
|
|
In 1926, Jane (Jean) Alexander bought Tocal from the Reynolds family continuing the reputation of Tocal for its successful graziers. The Alexander family consisted of Jean, Isabella, Robert and Charles Alexander, all of whom were elderly and unmarried. By 1939 only Charles remained, and he invited his two nieces, Myrtle and Marquerita Curtis, daughters of his late sister Margaret, to reside with him at Tocal.
|
|
Feral dogs are a problem for graziers on the Nullarbor, so a dog- proof fence was constructed with marsupial netting at the base; it is in length. A separate block adjoins the fence that is also dog proofed with a solar powered electric fence. Stock are watered from 37 bores in 87 main paddocks, along with other holding paddocks. Some of the bores are deep and are all powered by windmills.
|
|
Local residents also supplemented these mobs with rogue buckjumpers that were difficult to ride. The cattle, bullocks, steers and calves were and still are owned by local graziers that lend them for the campdrafting and rodeo events. Nowadays stock contractors supply both associations with buckjumpers, bulls, dogging steers and calves for the roping events. Contract stock has produced a more uniform range of bucking stock which are also quieter to handle.
|
|
In 1951, Winton held its first rodeo and it was very popular and successful. It quickly became a yearly event, and three years later, 4,700 people came into the town – whose population was then about 1,300 – for the rodeo. There was not enough room for them all at the local hotels, and 600 of them slept on stretcher beds brought into town by local graziers. There was £1050 in prize money.
|
|
Common brushtail possum, an invasive pest in New Zealand whose population is controlled with sodium fluoroacetate Sodium fluoroacetate is used as a pesticide, especially for mammalian pest species. Farmers and graziers use the poison to protect pastures and crops from various herbivorous mammals. In New Zealand and Australia it is also used to control invasive non-native mammals that prey on or compete with native wildlife and vegetation.
|
|
The first European pioneers arrived in the 1840s and were sheep graziers and pastoralists. With closer settlement, in 1869 the Marine Board fixed a site for a jetty to service the developing farming district. An adjacent town was then surveyed, the layout closely emulating (on a smaller scale) that of Adelaide, with a belt of parklands. Edithburgh was named by Governor Sir James Fergusson after his wife Edith.
|
|
Yaraka Railway Station in 1917 shortly after the rail link was opened. The Queensland Premier, Mr T. J. Ryan visited the new site. The first European to pass through the area was Edmund Kennedy in 1847. In 1860, graziers began to populate the area and farm sheep and cattle. In 1910, the Queensland Government authorised the building of the railway line in Western Queensland to support the pastoral industry.
|
|
Underbool is a town in the Mallee region of north-west Victoria, Australia. The town is in the Rural City of Mildura local government area and on the Mallee Highway--between Ouyen and the South Australian border - north west of the state capital, Melbourne. The town services the grain farmers and graziers in the area. For tourists it provides access to the Pink Lakes in Murray- Sunset National Park.
|
|
Jones won recognition from rural and financial organisations such as the Graziers' Association of NSW, the Queensland Council of Agriculture, CSR Co, and Dalgety and Co, and received much encouragement in his work, as well as aid to finance his observatory so that his work might continue. He held memberships to a number of esteemed overseas organisations. Jones was elected a Fellow of the Astronomical Society in November 1935.
|
|
In early October 2009, National Foods gave evidence at an Australian Senate inquiry into milk prices; the Tasmanian Farmers and Graziers Association (TFGA) is concerned because National Foods was paying Tasmanian farmers only 29 cents a litre for milk, about 10c/L below the amount it costs to produce the milk.Angry farmers to eyeball National Foods at Canberra Senate hearing, 3 Oct 2009, www.abc.net.au. Retrieved on 5 Oct 2009.
|
|
69 years later: Eucalypt regrowth in an area affected by the 1939 fires. The trees make up a single cohort, with little diversity in age or size. The foreground includes part of a coup which has recently been logged and burnt. The subsequent Royal Commission, under Judge Leonard Edward Bishop Stretton (known as the Stretton Inquiry), attributed blame for the fires to careless burning, campfires, graziers, sawmillers and land clearing.
|
|
When Parkes returned, the government was apparently in no danger, and the topic of political debate turned to land reform. This aimed to reduce the amount of land that was in the hands of the large graziers and reduce dummying. Parkes had argued for land reform as far back as 1877, and Robertson's bill only proposed comparatively unimportant amendments. The government was defeated over the issue, a dissolution was obtained.
|
|
Indigenous hunters would often spear sheep and cattle, incurring the wrath of graziers, after they replaced the native animals as a food source. As large sheep and cattle stations came to dominate northern Australia, Indigenous workers were quickly recruited. Several other outback industries, notably pearling, also employed Aboriginal workers. In many areas Christian missions provided food and clothing for Indigenous communities and also opened schools and orphanages for Indigenous children.
|
|
He played rugby for the Sydney team and was a reserve for the New South Wales team before serving in the RAAF from 1945 to 1946. He subsequently took over his father's Hereford stud, moving it from Burra to Holbrook. From 1968 to 1972 he was President of the Graziers' Association. In 1973, MacDiarmid was elected as a Country Party member to the New South Wales Legislative Council.
|
|
This was the second railway to reach Winton after the line from Hughenden reached town in 1899. The newer line was hailed by one newspaper with the assertion that "It will allow capital that has been lying idle to become revenue producing, it will provide facilities for the transfer of rolling stock, it will provide quicker touch with markets and reduce transport costs, and it will insure the graziers and the State against the probable loss of millions of sheep in drought time." Despite that reporter's rosy assessment of the boon that the new railway would be to Winton's economy, the 1930s brought Winton's wool industry hard times. A meeting of the local branch of the Graziers' Association of Central and Northern Queensland in 1938 wanted to make known to the general public that for roughly a decade by that time, the revenue brought on the market by wool was outstripped by the production cost, thus incurring loss.
|
|
The Bathurst district was the first European settlement in the interior of the Australian continent, having been proclaimed by Governor Macquarie on 7 May 1815. The area was necessary for the expansion of the colony. Governor Macquarie, being opposed to graziers with large holdings, was hoping the land would be opened up as small holdings for the production of wheat. While wheat was grown, the grazing of first cattle and then sheep, became more important.
|
|
Livestock farming commenced expanding across Australia from the early 1800s, which led to conflict between the dingo and graziers. Sheep, and to a lesser extent cattle, are an easy target for dingoes. The pastoralists and the government bodies that support this industry have shot, trapped, and poisoned dingoes or destroyed dingo pups in their dens. After two centuries of persecution, the dingo or dingo–dog hybrids can still be found across most of the continent.
|
|
Through centuries of selective breeding, most recently through artificial insemination, domestic sheep have denser and longer wool than their wild forebears, which may require human intervention to maintain. Sheep with heavy fleeces of wool often develop stains or dags on their rear ends from faeces. In ewes, urine can also stain the wool. To avoid discomfort to the sheep and damage to the fleece, graziers remove the wool (and any dags) from the sheep.
|
|
Shaw was born the youngest in the family from her three siblings of well established Western District graziers. Her great-grandfather, Thomas Shaw, and grandfather, Thomas Shaw junior, were distinct figures in leading the development of Australia's fine-wool industry. Her parents were Thomas Turner Shaw, Grazier (father) and Agnes May, Née Hopkins (mother). During her childhood, she lived at Wooriwyrite, a thirty-roomed house, on Mount Emu Creek near Mortlake, Victoria.
|
|
In 1922 he married Elizabeth Gibson; he would later marry Grace Shuttle. He served on the council of the Graziers' Association (1931-40) and was president of the Harden branch, and he was briefly a member of the Farmers and Settlers Association in 1936. In 1932 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Country Party member for Cootamundra, serving until his defeat in 1941. Ross died at Minto in 1966.
|
|
The horns which at first incline outwards and forwards, and then bend somewhat upwards and inwards, are light coloured with black tips. They were reported to be good milk producers, with many being sold to London town dairies. Historically they were well regarded for their suitability for droving to England for sale to Graziers. Store cattle of the breed were favoured for grazing in Sussex and Kent, especially on the Pevensey Levels,J. Bannister.
|
|
European graziers raising sheep and cattle in the interior of North Queensland settled the Burdekin River district in the 1860s. The first commercial crop of sugar was produced in 1881 and assured the manufacturing strength of the region. The township of Ayr was laid out in 1882, intended as the centre for the region. Reserves were set aside for administrative and government purposes, including the court house, police station and post and telegraph office.
|
|
The area was first settled by Europeans in the 1840s when graziers moved their flocks of sheep into the district. Shortly afterwards the 'Tintinara' homestead was erected by the brothers T. W. Boothby and J. H. Boothby, who held a lease of 165 sq.miles here. In 1865 the new owners, William Harding and George Bunn, built a 16-stand shearing shed which is now classified by the National Trust, along with the homestead.
|
|
Over the next years the number of field and horse artillery that came to the area steadily increased until training went on throughout the summer months. The Okehampton railway line established in 1871 facilitated access to the area. In the 1890s, a military stop was built just below Okehampton Camp. Although the people of Okehampton appreciated the additional business brought by the troops, the graziers protested as the livestock was driven off.
|
|
Original homestead c1845, became staff quarters, kitchen, and storage when the new homestead was completed during 1851 McLarty married Elizabeth Campbell in March 1875. They had six children: three boys and three girls. The eldest, Campbell McLarty, was one of the pastrolists to open up the north west of Western Australia for graziers. Roy McLarty received the Military Medal at Gallipoli and went on to become the Chief Executive for the AMP Society.
|
|
The area then known as Green's Plains, after John Green who established a sheep station there in 1851, was soon occupied by sheep graziers, who held occupation licences until closer settlement came two decades later. The Hundred of Kulpara was proclaimed on 12 June 1862. Surveys soon followed, including the surveyed township of Kulpara. The District Council of Green's Plains was established in 1871 bringing local administration to the hundreds of Kulpara and Kadina.
|
|
Greenmount was formerly known as Greenmount West, and prior to that as Emu Creek. It takes its present name from the property owned by Donald Mackintosh, a local farmer and Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly. The region was settled by graziers in the 1840s; farming activities remain the chief source of employment in Greenmount today.Sydney Morning Herald – Travel Page The Greenmount War Memorial was dedicated on 11 December 1922 by Queensland Governor, Matthew Nathan.
|
|
He served in the No. 22 Squadron RAAF from 1950 to 1952, as part of the Citizen Air Force. Sinclair served his articles of clerkship with Norton Smith & Co., but did not pursue a legal career. He instead took up a grazing property near Bendemeer and set up the Sinclair Pastoral Company, of which he became managing director. He was a director of the Farmers and Graziers' Co- operative Limited from 1962 to 1965.
|
|
The National Party of Australia – Victoria is a political party in Victoria, which forms the state branch of the federal Nationals. Traditionally representing graziers, farmers and rural voters generally. The Victorian Farmer's Union formed in 1914 was the precursor to the Victorian Country Party, later the Nationals. The party, commonly referred to as "The Nationals," is presently the junior partner in a centre-right Coalition with the Liberal Party, forming a joint Opposition bench.
|
|
McConnel was a member of the well- known family of Queensland graziers associated with "Cressbrook" in the Brisbane Valley. After his World War I service he was an early graduate of Professor Leslie Wilkinson's School of Architecture at Sydney University where he was awarded a University Medal. Fowell and McConnel formed a partnership in 1927 to enter a competition for the design of Tamworth War Memorial Town Hall, for which they were awarded second place.
|
|
The traditional owners of the Paroo River area are the Budjair, Kunja and Mardgany in the north and the Paruntiji, meaning people belonging to the Paroo, in the south. Aboriginal people are known to have lived along the Paroo for at least 14,000 years (Robins, 1999). The Burke and Wills expedition were the first Europeans to the area, passing a few miles to the west. > Graziers came as squatters to the Paroo in the 1840s.
|
|
The traditional owners of the Paroo are the Budjair, Kunja, and Mardgany in the north and the Paruntiji, meaning people belonging to the Paroo, in the south. Aboriginal people are known to have lived along the Paroo for at least 14,000 years (Robins, 1999). Graziers came as squatters to the Paroo in the 1840s. They met resistance from the Aboriginal land owners, and tensions in the area continued well into the 1860s.
|
|
Several large dams provide permanent surface water even in severe droughts. Sheep grazing provides a supplementary income. The Station is administered by a Management Committee consisting of representatives from UNSW users, assisted by two advisory groups - the Graziers Committee, comprising a small group of pastoralists who supply support and advice at an informal level, and the Consultative Committee, an advisory group representing organisations of the pastoral industry, natural resource management agencies and CSIRO.
|
|
Each of their settlement contains an informal caste council, known as a biradari panchayat. The panchayat acts as instrument of social control, dealing with issues such as divorce and adultery.People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part One edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 229 to 234 Manohar Publications The Bayar are community of cultivators and graziers, often occupying tracts of land outside their villages to graze. They also raise a number of crops such as potatoes.
|
|
The Goondiwindi Customs House Museum is located on the town side of the main bridge crossing the Macintyre River at Goondiwindi. The town developed on the site of a teamsters' camp established where the boundaries of 3 pastoral properties met. Allan Cunningham explored the area around Goondiwindi in 1827. In the 1830s pastoral settlement in New South Wales pushed northwards as graziers looked for new land and in the early 1840s sheep runs were established on the Darling Downs.
|
|
He was a member of the Commonwealth Shipping Control Board and the Maritime Industrial Commission. He was chairman of directors of Anderson and Co. of Sydney, Nixon Smith Shipping and Wool Dumping Co., and the Circular Quay Stevedoring Co. of Brisbane. He was also a director of the Mercantile Mutual Insurance Co. He was for many years President of the NSW Highland Society, a member of Legacy and the Graziers Association. He ran a cattle property at Moss Vale.
|
|
Acton's brother Evan had the biggest stake in the property, and therefore it was he who decided to sell the property. The decision drew criticism from other graziers who had been actively campaigning against coal and gas companies from buying out prime grazing land.The Acton's sell a prime grazing property to Indian mining giant, Karyn Wilson, ABC North West Queensland, 16 February 2012.Qld land sale for mining angers other farmers, ABC Rural, 16 February 2012.
|
|
A large majority of men were involved in agriculture. The total number of 142 includes occupations such as farmers, graziers as well as accounting for their sons, grandsons, brothers and nephews involved in the occupation. Other agricultural occupations included farm bailiff's, agricultural labourers, farm servants, cottagers and agricultural machine proprietors and attendants. According to the 1881 census females were involved in a select number of occupations, for example being largely involved in domestic services compared to men.
|
|
The railway allowed Barr Smith to ship his massive wool exports directly to the Elders & Fyffes cargo ships at Wallaroo for auction in England, and surrounding farmers and graziers to use the port at Wallaroo instead of Port Wakefield, which was shallow and required transshipment to waiting shipping using small boats. A government town was surveyed in 1879 at Barunga Gap and proclaimed as Percyton in 1880. Later the name was changed to the current designation.
|
|
Alexander Greig Ellis Lawrie (19 June 1907 - 13 December 1978) was an Australian politician. Born in Maitland, New South Wales, he was educated at The Scots College in Sydney before moving to Evergreen in Queensland to become a grazier. He was an official of the Queensland Graziers' Association and served as Queensland State President of the Country Party 1960–1964. In 1963, he was elected to the Australian Senate as a Country Party Senator for Queensland.
|
|
John Barilaro, the party's current leader and Deputy Premier of New South Wales. The National Party of Australia – N.S.W. , commonly known as the NSW Nationals, is a political party in New South Wales which forms the state branch of the federal Nationals. Traditionally representing graziers, farmers and rural voters generally, it began as the Progressive Party, from the 1922 split until 1925. It then used the name the Country Party until 1977, when it became the National Country Party.
|
|
Euberta is a farming community in the central Riverina area of New South Wales. It is situated on the old Narrandera road with Millwood 6 kilometres to its west and Malebo 9 kilometres to its east. At the 2006 census, Euberta had a population of 379 people. The area is made up of rich pastoral close to the Murrumbidgee River giving graziers the ability to use central pivot and other irrigation systems to grow crops such as Lucerne.
|
|
The abandoned homestead stands as a stark reminder of the tough conditions graziers faced. Natural forest Logging of paperbark, cypress and Leichhardt pines began in 1948 in the north-western section of the park. Again, Aboriginal people assisted and ex-army equipment was utilized to take the timber to the mill where it was prepared for local builders. Uranium was discovered outside what is now Litchfield's eastern boundary in August 1949, by a local prospector, Jack White.
|
|
Composed of mostly five acre blocks, the district functions primarily as a commuter town for those working in the nearby regional centres of Morwell and Traralgon. Historically the area was used by graziers and small-scale farmers. Hazelwood North is central to Federation University Churchill campus, and is approximately a 10-minute drive into central towns such as Churchill, Traralgon and Morwell. The district is served by the public Hazelwood North Primary School, and the Hazelwood North town hall.
|
|
Concepción is the wool production capital of Colombia and has several small factories dedicated to the production wool related products. The fairs of the village focus mainly on exhibitions Sheep, Graziers, Equidae and of wool products, in addition to handmade products. The inhabitants of the village also engage in agriculture, mainly barley, wheat, potato, corn, beans, blackberry and curuba. On December 8 the celebration in honor of the patron of the municipality, the Virgin of Inmaculada Concepción, is held.
|
|
Manning was born in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, to pastoralists Frederick and Jane Belle Manning. He was educated in public schools in Wagga and Yass before purchasing grazing land in Narrabri and West Wyalong; he married Florence Hogarth in 1899, a union which produced no children. He became a vocal proponent for the rights of farmers, serving as president of the Australian Meat Council and on the boards of the Farmers and Settlers' Association and the Graziers' Association.
|
|
Research undertaken by C.J. Pound and later the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), led to the development of various tick vaccines and antibiotics to treat infected animals. With the development of a successful anti-tick vaccine, inoculation against ticks became available from the 1990s. Today farmers and graziers in tick-susceptible areas often use spray- rather than plunge dips, in conjunction with tick-resistant cattle breeds, pasture rotation and vaccination to control cattle ticks.
|
|
At that time, Penteli constituted a popular destination for day excursions for Athenians, as well as picnics, walks in the forest, a stop for a coffee, or dinner at the local taverns. Despite the natural wealth of the mountain, it was never characterised as a "National Forest", as was the case with the neighbouring Parnitha Mountain, largely due to the landholding muniments of the Penteli Abbey since the 16th century, often sold or adopted by local mountaineer graziers working at the abbey's farm-lands, before the constitution of the modern Greek state.. When urban housing projects began reaching Halandri, Vrilissia and Melissia, Penteli started to transform into a residential landscape. Features that had long started to creep in, since the time of the monks, the Sarakatsaneoi graziers and the Doukissa of Plakentia who lived there since the 18th century. The gradual rise in value of the region, caused by the build-up of the area, triggered individual or association claims, while the available pieces of land at the main Vrilissia area were rapidly taken up.
|
|
The earliest direct evidence for Indigenous occupation in the area comes from a rock shelter near the area of Birrigai near Tharwa, which has been dated to approximately 20,000 years ago. However, it is likely (based on older sites known from the surrounding regions) that human occupation of the region goes back considerably further. They were gradually displaced from the Yass area beginning in the 1820s when graziers began to occupy the land there. Some people worked at properties in the region.
|
|
Court was born into a political family. His father, Sir Charles Court, was the previous member for Nedlands (1953–1982) and served as Premier from 1974 to 1982. His older brother Barry Court was president of the Pastoralists' and Graziers' Association, married Margaret Court, and became President of the Liberal Party of Western Australia in March 2008. Richard Court was educated at Hale School and graduated from the University of Western Australia with a Bachelor of Commerce degree in 1968.
|
|
Sir Charles Graham Waddell (7 January 1877 - 7 April 1960) was an Australian politician. He was born in Orange to bank manager George Walker Waddell and Fanny Elizabeth Sharpe; his uncle was Thomas Waddell, a prominent colonial politician. He attended Sydney Grammar School and worked as a bookkeeper and overseer near Adelong before becoming a grazier at Bethungra. He was president of the Graziers' Association from 1925 to 1928 and chairman of the Australian Woolgrowers' Council from 1925 to 1935.
|
|
A council of 16 members was elected in Tasmania, all supporting the Anti-Transportation movement, and the governor's power was now much reduced. He, however, incurred some criticism by proclaiming pre-emptive right land regulations before the new Council met. The proclamation was intended to help to keep small holders of land in Tasmania, but the large graziers and speculators defeated this by taking up large tracts of land. Denison, however, became more popular towards the end of his term.
|
|
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), a respiratory disease that affects cattle, led to the first livestock science in Queensland. Louis Willems’ tail inoculation work in Belgium was known in Australia prior to 1858, when the first diagnosed outbreak occurred in Victoria. Patrick Robertson Gordon, then Queensland's Chief Inspector of Stock and an advocate of inoculation, supported a proposal by graziers in 1887 for "establishing a laboratory for the cultivation of the contagium [sic] of pleuro-pneumonia for the inoculation of cattle".
|
|
35 (1800), p.22. Amos's second book, Minutes in Agriculture, appeared in August 1804 (with a reissue in June 1810). His stated intention was to settle the issue of which varieties of grass were most suitable for graziers to use, and his book contained advice on this accompanied by illustrations and dried grass specimens. The more theoretical botanical sections of the work were derivative and on publication attracted largely hostile comment (though later commentators recognised the usefulness of the practical recommendations).
|
|
Bendemeer is principally a business hub for local sheep and cattle graziers. The town also hosts a range of arts festivals and craft markets, as well as a triennial Tractor Muster. Town services include a general shop, a hotel and restaurant, caravan park and camping ground, and Catholic and Presbyterian churches. The Bendemeer Public School caters for 33 students and is a recipient of annual funding via the Disadvantaged Schools Program administered by the New South Wales Department of Education and Training.
|
|
Thomas Louis Bull (7 September 1905 – 11 August 1976) was an Australian politician. Born in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, he was educated at Wesley College in Melbourne, after which he returned to New South Wales as a grazier in Narrandera. He was President of the Australian Woolgrowers and Graziers Council, 1962–1965, and was also a company director. In 1964, he was elected to the Australian Senate as a Country Party Senator for New South Wales, taking his seat in 1965.
|
|
The area was first explored by Surveyor General John Septimus Roe, Mount Marshall and Lake McDermott were named after early Swan River Colony settler Marshall McDermott, cashier of the Bank of Western Australia, magistrate, and a director of the Agricultural Society of Western Australia. The area was first settled by sandalwood collectors and graziers in 1868. Sandalwood was removed from this area from the 1880s until the 1920s. Permanent settlement and the development and clearing of the land for farms commenced around 1910.
|
|
Blue merle short coat heading sheep Graziers, stockmen and dairy farmers across Australia since days long past have typically selected breeds which display the abilities required to meet their working needs. The temperament found in a Koolie is a culmination of these much sought-after abilities. The optimal worker possesses a combination of working skills and bonding temperament. There are times when an uninitiated dog owner or a new enthusiast mistakes the Koolie as a shy, reserved or even a timid animal.
|
|
The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales. The Binnawee Homestead and outbuildings are of State significance as a remarkably intact grouping of mid-nineteenth century rural buildings that represent the pastoral history of the State and evidence the aspirations, rise and wealth of mid- nineteenth century graziers. The homestead, dated c.1855, is also of local significance as the earliest surviving two-storeyed house in the Mudgee district.
|
|
The Authority demolished homesteads and sheds at Old Adaminaby and in the surrounding districts which were going to be under water and sold the materials to other graziers for farm buildings. Some buildings that were considered too old and worthless to be useful were bulldozed. Even though the town's street pattern was still visible the original town resembled a heap of rubble with a few surviving chimneys and stone walls. By the end of 1959 water had risen to the outskirts of town.
|
|
PA 350 begins at an intersection with PA 45 in the community of Seven Stars in Franklin Township, Huntingdon County, heading northwest on two-lane undivided Warriors Mark Path Road concurrent with PA 45 Truck. The road heads through open agricultural areas, passing through Graziers Mill. The route continues into Warriors Mark Township and runs through more farmland with occasional woods and homes, coming to the residential community of Warriors Mark. Here, PA 350 intersects PA 550, with PA 45 Truck turning southwest to follow PA 550.
|
|
The firm undertook meat preserving in leased premises at Queensport and had nearly 30 suburban shops as well as a plant at Belmont for fellmongering, wool scouring and soap making. In 1894 they registered the Graziers Butchering and Meat Export Co. Ltd with power to take over the assets of the two older companies. Baynes sons were bankrupt for a time but were discharged in March 1898 and immediately registered a new firm, Baynes Bros. George left the firm in 1899 and Ernest in 1912.
|
|
He was president of the Liberal and Country League from 1947 to 1950; chairman of the Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science from 1952 to 1962; the South Australian Jockey Club, Graziers' Federal Council of Australia 1939 to 1940; Elder Smith & Co Ltd, Horwood Bagshaw Ltd.; Bagot's Executor and Trustee Company; president of the Royal Automobile Association of South Australia from 1973 to 1975. Angas was conferred a Knight Bachelor in the 1952 Queens Birthday Honours list in recognition of service to the pastoral industry.
|
|
Yea ( )Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition (2005). Melbourne, The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd. is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of the state capital Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area. In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.
|
|
The community consisted of families from the surrounding grazing land, and the railway workers. While the township never grew as planned, the community did have many social events such as picnics, town dances and concerts, annual horse races, and car races. The town also competed against the other local towns in at least rugby and cricket. The local population were mainly immigrants (many Catholics from Ireland and several Polish families), and mainly worked as sheep and cattle graziers, railway workers, wood carters, shearers and labourers.
|
|
The Australian Encyclopaedia, Vol. V, The Grolier Society, Sydney He subsequently set himself up as a land agent specialising in the Kimberley during a period to 1883 when over of land were taken up as pastoral leaseholds in the region. In 1881, Philip Saunders and Adam Johns, in the face of great difficulties and dangers, found gold in various parts of the Kimberley. Early in 1881, the first five graziers, who called themselves the Murray Squatting Company, took up behind Beagle Bay and named it Yeeda Station.
|
|
In the 1890s and early 1900s, Victorian "dairy immigrants" also brought ideas about co-operatives to Queensland. In November 1903, a public meeting was held at the Gladstone Town Hall to gauge local interest in forming a co-operative dairy company and erecting a dairy factory at Gladstone. Supported by graziers and selectors alike, a provisional committee was elected, representing Mount Larcombe, Calliope, Clyde Creek, Boyne River, Gladstone, Bororen, and Miriam Vale. The committee canvassed the district for support, soliciting shares and guarantees of milk supplies.
|
|
For a period of over five years cattle were banned from the park, a decision which angered representative bodies of the graziers. As of January 2011 a group of cattlemen was permitted by Parks Victoria to return small numbers of cattle to fenced areas in the Alpine National Park. By 2013, fuel loads and weeds in the high plains had increased significantly and the Victorian Government sought Federal Government approval to remove the bans and commence a three-year trial to reinstate alpine grazing.
|
|
Framlingham is a rural township located by the Hopkins River in the Western District of Victoria, Australia, about north-east of the coastal city of Warrnambool. In the 2016 census, the township had a population of 158. The town lies within the traditional lands of the Girai wurrung (Kirrae Wuurong) people. In the decades following European settlement in the 1840s, a general store, post office, hotel, school and Presbyterian church were established in Framlingham, as increasing numbers of graziers and dairy farmers settled the area.
|
|
Yeoman was a cordial manufacturer; McRae a storekeeper, Hardlaw and Province were graziers and Scott the postmaster. The fellowship associated with Freemasonry was particularly important to men living in areas of isolated or scattered settlement or in jobs that were itinerant or seasonal. Lodges hosted social events, contributed to local charities and provided opportunities for local businessmen to meet socially, all of which made an important contribution to the life the town. By 1912 the peak demand for copper had passed and many mines closed.
|
|
Relying upon his strong knowledge of agricultural and rural issues, he aggressively prosecuted the case for Labor's policy of compulsory resumption of large properties so that they could be subdivided. At the time it was believed the land was being under-utilised by land speculators and large agricultural companies and that closer settlement would promote the development of rural districts and solve post-war food shortages. The policy was opposed by the wealthier graziers, represented in part by the Country Party and the United Farmers' Association.
|
|
Two earlier post offices called Lake Hindmarsh had existed in the area at various times since 1861 to serve a smaller population of graziers. Jeparit's most famous son is former Australian Prime Minister and founder of the Liberal Party, Sir Robert Menzies, who was born in the town in 1894. He is commemorated with a spire and a memorial bust installed at the town square. The spire is topped with a monument resembling a Scotch Thistle which contains the ashes of Sir Robert Menzies.
|
|
The name Yarraman means horse in the Port Jackson Pidgin English spread by Aboriginal stockmen in eastern Australia. It might derive from word yira or yera meaning large teeth. The creek at Yarraman was used in the 1870s as a place for local graziers and stockmen to meet and trade cattle. The township was established in the late 1870s.South Burnett Net: Yarraman , accessed 17 Jan 2010 Yarraman Creek Provisional School opened on 17 July 1901. On 1 January 1909 it became Yarraman Creek State School.
|
|
Morgans Lookout was also used as a lookout for fires in the late 1800s, a concern that was heightened by the fear of arson due to an industrial dispute between graziers and shearers. Zion Lutheran Church The original Lutheran church was built from white granite in 1872. The present Zion Lutheran Church was built in 1924 and it is the largest Lutheran Church in New South Wales, with seating for almost 600 people. The church is characterised by its stained glass windows and its massive pipe organ.
|
|
He married Frances Mary Smith on 10 December 1851 at Christ Church, North Adelaide, and had nine children with her. Frances died on 8 April 1870 and George married her sister Ellen Priscilla Smith, who had been looking after the children, on 20 November 1871. With Ellen, George had three children, a son and twin daughters. Goyder led an austere and disciplined life, and this was reflected in his strict treatment of subordinates - though he was always regarded as fair to those he advised in spite of many complaints by farmers and graziers.
|
|
Snell was born in Glenisla, Victoria on 31 January 1892, the son of Harold Snell and Emily Snell (nee Symons) a graziers of Mooralla. His grandfather Richard Snell (1842-1915) and grandmother Lousia Snell (nee Lewis), were sheep farmers at Mooralla in the Shire of Dundas. Harold Snell Junior remained on the property until his mother died, when he went to Hamilton, Victoria to train as a carpenter. Snell moved to Darwin in 1912, to work for the Commonwealth Government building houses for public servants at Myilly Point.
|
|
In late March 2019, floodwaters began arriving as a result of torrential rains in northern Queensland in January. In the past, the water had taken anywhere from three to 10 months to reach the lake, but this time it arrived in two. The first flooding would be closely followed by another surge, following rains produced by Cyclone Trevor. Traditional owners and graziers agree that it is essential that the river run its course and should not be harvested during floods, as any interference in the natural systems could damage the ecosystem.
|
|
Apart from a few streams near Winton (the largest town in the basin) almost all rivers in the basin flow southwestwards towards Birdsville. The Diamantina River has no main channel, rather it is a series of wide relatively shallow channels. The major feature of the river's sluggish course is Diamantina National Park about halfway between Winton and Birdsville. Apart from the national park, almost all land in the basin is used for grazing cattle and sheep, though numbers fluctuate greatly and considerable skill is required on the part of graziers.
|
|
After his defeat at the 1940 election by Labor's John Breen, Thorby ran unsuccessfully for the state seat of Dubbo at the 1941 by-election and the federal seat of Calare at the 1943 and 1946 elections. He returned to farming on his wife's parents property at Wongarbon and remained active in the Graziers' Association and the Country Party. Thorby's first wife died in 1958 and he married Alfreda Rogers Smith in 1960. He died at his home in the Sydney suburb of Wahroonga, survived by two daughters from his first marriage.
|
|
Initial occupation by British graziers began in late 1829, and tiny settlements eventually turned into larger towns as properties came into connection with the road. In 1844, the surveyor Davidson was sent to check on encroachments onto the land reserved for a village, and to advise on the location for a township. His choices were Frederick's Valley, Pretty Plains, or Blackman's Swamp. Blackman's Swamp was chosen, and it was proclaimed a village and named Orange by Major Thomas Mitchell in 1846 in honour of Prince William of Orange.
|
|
The goal was to > enhance the status of the graziers (operators of big sheep ranches) and > small farmers, and secure subsidies for them.Rae Wear, "Countrymindedness > Revisited," (Australian Political Science Association, 1990) online edition > Enduring longer than any other major party save the Labor party, it has > generally operated in Coalition with the Liberal Party (since the 1940s), > becoming a major party of government in Australia – particularly in > Queensland. Other significant after-effects of the war included ongoing > industrial unrest, which included the 1923 Victorian Police strike.Lloyd > Robson (1980) p.
|
|
Abbott bought a property near Tamworth, New South Wales, financed by his uncle William, and became active in the Graziers' Association of New South Wales and the Northern New State League. He made an unsuccessful attempt to enter the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1925 via the seat of Namoi, but defeated Lou Cunningham to win Gwydir for the Country Party at the federal elections of that year. He rose quickly through parliament and became Minister for Home Affairs in 1928, but was defeated at the 1929 elections.
|
|
In 1836 John Gardiner, one of the first to bring cattle down from the Murrumbidgee in New South Wales to the Port Phillip District, was looking for some stray cattle east of Melbourne. His search took him via the Eltham and Yarra Glen areas to where Mooroolbark now is, and he found his cattle near the Olinda Creek. News of this new grazing land travelled back to Melbourne, and graziers soon brought their stock up the Yarra Valley. The first farmers in Mooroolbark were John Lithgow in 1845 and Robert Blair in 1847.
|
|
As well as providing graziers and farmers with a more efficient transport link to the coast, railways were seen as a key to encouraging closer settlement west of the Great Dividing Range. The first section of rail, opened on 31 July 1865, was between Ipswich and Bigge's Camp (now the heritage-listed Grandchester railway station), west of Ipswich. By February 1868 the rail was extended to Dalby in the Darling Downs. With a railhead provided for the squatters in this region, extensions further west ceased while the railway was developed elsewhere.
|
|
Harold Young was born in Port Broughton, South Australia on 30 June 1923 and educated at Prince Alfred College in Adelaide. Prior to entering Parliament, he was a wheat farmer and grazier and was involved with various industry bodies, including acting as vice-president of the South Australian division of the Farmers and Graziers Association. Young was elected to represent South Australia in the 1967 Senate election, his term as Senator commencing on 1 July 1968, and re-elected in 1974, 1975 and 1977. From 18 August 1981 Young served as President of the Senate.
|
|
The Can de Chira (also known as the perro pastor altoaragonés) is a breed of herding dog from the High Aragon region of Spain. Accounts of similar dogs used by Spanish graziers to herd sheep and cattle (in Aragonese "Can de Chira" literally it means "dog for turn" or "return the cattle") date back several centuries, the oldest photographs date from the early 19th century. The breed appears to have originated in the Province of Huesca but has spread to adjacent regions, but the breed remains centered in Sobrarbe.
|
|
He was managing director also of a less successful venture, the Farmers' and Graziers' Mutual Cattle Insurance Association, established 1844, which fell into difficulties in 1849. Other ventures of Shaw's proved unsuccessful, and during the time of the railway mania he had money troubles. In November 1852 he fled to Australia to escape bankruptcy, where, some time in 1853, he died very miserably in the gold diggings far up the country, with only a few pence in his pocket. He was married, but lived apart from his wife.
|
|
He was an active member of the Graziers' Association, serving as Cooma district president and serving two terms as a member of their general council. He was a life member of the Farmers' and Settlers Association, and served as president of the Cooma Pastoral and Agricultural Association and the Cooma Race Club. Hedges first ran for public office at the 1922 federal election, when he was in an unwinnable position on the Country Party's Senate ticket. He first attempted to enter state politics in 1925, when he unsuccessfully contested multi-member Goulburn as a Progressive.
|
|
In 1925, while a federal MP, he was the official representative of the Riverina movement at the 1925 NSW Royal Commission into the New State movements. Killen held Riverina until his retirement in 1931, having had a heart attack in 1929 and struggled with health issues during his final term. Killen returned to farming after his retirement from politics and also continued a long-running role as a director of the Farmers and Graziers' Co-operative Grain Insurance and Agency Co. Ltd. He retired to Sydney in his final years.
|
|
In 1874, Harrington Park and Lot 1 of Orielton was purchased by William Rudd Snr, a grazier of Houtong Station in the Lower Murrumbidgee who also then owned neighbouring Harrington Park. Rudd changed the perceptions of Orielton and Harrington Park as a "gentleman's seat" to that of a graziers property. He also gained control of the remaining parts of Orielton estate. Harrington Park and Orielton remained within the Rudd and Britton (descendant) families until 1933 when (with the Great Depression having an impact) they were sold to Arthur and Elaine Swan.
|
|
William Riley, in 1832 imported "Angora- Cachemire" animals to his property, Raby, New South Wales. In that year, he delivered a paper to the Agricultural and Horticultural Society of New South Wales in an effort to encourage the development of a Cashmere/Angora fleece industry in Australia. A further 150 years were needed for Australian graziers to develop some of his concepts. An advertisement also appeared in 1832 in the Western Australia publication "Colonial Paper" for young half-bred Cashmere bucks offered for sale at three pounds each by W. Tanner of Caversham.
|
|
William Edward Slade Brockman (born 27 March 1970) is an Australian politician. On 16 August 2017, he was appointed as a Senator for Western Australia by a joint sitting of the Parliament of Western Australia to fill the casual vacancy resulting from the resignation of Chris Back. Prior to his appointment to the Senate, Brockman was an adviser and chief of staff for Senator Mathias Cormann, and a policy director for the Pastoralists and Graziers Association. His policy interests include agriculture, mining, trade, oil and gas, infrastructure and regional development.
|
|
Benjamin Boyd (21 August 180115 October 1851) was a Scottish entrepreneur who became a major shipowner, banker, grazier, politician and slaver, exploiting South Sea Islander labour in the colony of New South Wales. Boyd became one of the largest landholders and graziers of the Colony of New South Wales before suffering financial difficulties and becoming bankrupt. Boyd briefly tried his luck on the Californian goldfields before being purportedly murdered on Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands. Many of his business ventures involved blackbirding, the practice of enslaving South Sea Islanders.
|
|
Graziers began squatting past the surveyed boundaries of the northern frontier. They were frustrated by the slow pace of government surveys and the land tenure principles of the Wakefield Plan which favoured landownership over leasehold. In 1842 the South Australian Legislative Council broke away from the Wakefield Plan by passing An Act to Protect the Waste Lands of the Crown from Encroachment, Intrusion and Trespass. This act allowed pastoralists to lease land on an annual renewable basis based on a system of sight-lines between landmarks rather than formal survey.
|
|
The majority of those listed in the area are farmers (39 out of 54), including RS Davies. The other listings are for labourers, graziers and stockmen as well as a storekeeper/postmaster and a teacher. There are numerous changes in ownership/tenure over the years in the first ten years of the town appearing in the Directories, seventeen farmers left the area and eleven new names appeared. Later with the years of the depression, falling prices and not being able to meet liability that looked so attractive in the beginning, many others left.
|
|
The company began with a financial backing of £6,000 which was soon increased to £10,000. "In 1840 Niel Black’s men were nearly all Highlanders brought out under the bounty immigration scheme." Melbourne and Adelaide had been linked by telegraph for since December 1857 and graziers like Niel Black found the service "indispensable" for making arrangements about the herds. In 1867, the Duke of Edinburgh (the first member of the Royal family to visit Australia), had arrived in the district in late November after visiting Melbourne and sailing to Geelong in his ship the Galatea.
|
|
He held the seat until 1919 (during which time the Liberal Party had become the Nationalist Party), when he was defeated by Labor's Thomas Lavelle. An attempt to regain the seat as a member of the newly formed Country Party in 1922 was unsuccessful. After his parliamentary defeat, Pigott resided in Blayney while retaining the successful "Cadara" property. He remained active in farming circles, serving as a representative of the Carcoar and Mandurama branch of the Graziers' Association for over twenty years and remaining involved in the Farmers and Settlers Association.
|
|
Simonsbath House View from Simonsbath House downstream along the River Barle St Luke's, viewed from the south, with tomb monument of Frederick Winn Knight (d.1897) and his wife Dame Florence (d.1900) and their son Frederick Sebright Knight who pre-deceased both his parents in 1879 The highest bidder was John Knight of Lea Castle, Wolverley, Worcestershire, whose bid was £50,122. He thus acquired 10,262 1/4 acres, and soon thereafter set about buying up the allotments made to the former graziers and owner of the tithes.
|
|
The traditional custodians of the land surrounding the Bogong High Plains are the indigenous Australian Bidhawal, Dhudhuroa, GunaiKurnai and NindiNgudjam Ngarigu Monero peoples. Europeans first explored and settled in the area as graziers sought pastoral land mainly for cattle. The biggest early development for the area was the Kiewa Hydroelectric Scheme which began construction in the 1940s. Two dams were constructed, Pretty Valley Pondage and Rocky Valley Dam, and a series of aqueducts built to capture streams and bring their flows across into the catchments of the Kiewa Scheme.
|
|
Their property of initially carried 3,000 sheep, but by 1934 had expanded to 10,000 sheep and 350 cattle, which Fairbairn attributed to the introduction of superphosphate. He was one of the first to cross Southdowns with Corriedales and represented the local district with the Graziers' Association of Victoria. Through family and school connections, Fairbairn acquired seats on the boards of the Union Trustee Company of Australia and the Commercial Banking Company of Sydney. He stood unsuccessfully for the Hampden Shire Council in 1924, losing to his future cabinet colleague Geoffrey Street.
|
|
In the 1960s and 1970s Gasteen was involved in surveying and promoting National Parks proposals across Queensland. This was unpopular with many graziers and politicians. He worked to protect remnant patches of Central Queensland scrub but also surveyed land from the Gulf of Carpentaria in Queenland's north to the Scenic Rim on the Queensland/New South Wales border. His survey work or reports led to the establishment of Expedition National Park, Nuga Nuga National Park, New England National Park, Northern Rivers National Park and Border Ranges National Park.
|
|
The River Bulbourne flows through the meadows which have formed the core of the Box Moor Trust land since 1581. This photograph shows the Bulbourne before the River restoration project was undertaken. The Trust has a herd of Belted Galloways, as well as a flock of sheep which is made up of Charollais, Norfolk Horns and Ryelands. The horses and ponies that graze Harding's Moor and Station Moor during the summer months are not owned by the Trust, but are grazed on the Trust land by local graziers via the use of pasture tickets.
|
|
William Cameron (6 July 1877 - 6 May 1931) was an Australian politician. He was born at Rouchel Brook to grazier Donald Cameron and Elizabeth, née McMullen. After serving in the Boer War, he settled near Scone as a grazier and became active in the local community, serving on the Upper Hunter Pastoral Protection Board, the Graziers' Association and Upper Hunter Shire Council and supporting the New England New State Movement. He was well known in the district as a cricketer, a clever leg-spin bowler and big-hitting batsman.
|
|
Heritage boundaries Anambah House with its house, billiard room, stables and gardens form a complete and intact example of a prosperous late 19th century graziers homestead. It is an important relic of the great agricultural heritage of the lower Hunter, now passing into history with the onset of the resources boom. The house is also significant as a major example of the work of J. W. Pender, an important architect of the Hunter region. Anambah House was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
|
|
The first office in Longreach was located in Eagle Street. After this building was destroyed by fire, the office was moved to a temporary building in Duck Street before relocating to the Graziers Building across the street in May 1922. The first hangar was constructed near the site of the showgrounds in 1921. However, the contract for the mail service necessitated larger premises and a contract for a new hangar was won by Stewarts and Lloyds in March 1922. The hangar was completed in August 1922 and the inaugural mail service flight was made in November of the same year.
|
|
The historical background is covered in some detail in a book about industrial relations in Australian shearing through the twentieth century.O'Malley, Rory (2013) Mateship and Moneymaking, Australian Shearing: the clash of union solidarity with the spirit of enterprise, 1895-1995, Xlibris, ,pp. 19-26, 40-54, 311-340 The core problem had less to do with the traditional "class war" between shearers and the graziers, but arose from a longstanding cultural rift amongst shearers themselves. Union opposition to wide combs and the use of New Zealand shearers is also dramatised in Dennis McIntosh's 2008 novel Beaten by a blow: a shearer's story.
|
|
Art and craft galleries line the main street displaying locally produced works of pottery, leather and wood The area was settled in the late 1820s when graziers moved stock into the district. William Duggan Tarlinton was the first white man to set foot in the district in 1829, seeking pasture for his cattle. He returned in the 1830s, erecting slab and bark huts in the district and became one of its prominent citizens. By the late 1830s the three Imlay brothers had substantial holdings and around 1840 Alexander Imlay, one of the Imlay brothers, named his property Cobargo.
|
|
739, 740 Earlier, in 1856, White's had recorded both a Wesleyan and a Free Methodist chapel, and occupations including a baker, a drillman, a blacksmith, a wheelwright, three boot & shoe makers, two butchers, four shopkeepers, two tailors, a corn miller at 'Cross Mill' who was also a merchant, and eight farmers & graziers in five families. Also listed were the occupants of the 'Chequers', the 'Crown & Woolpack', and a beerhouse.History, Gazetteer and Directory of Lincolnshire and the City and Diocese of Lincoln (1856), pp.827-829 The Methodist chapel, which had been built in 1866, "adjacent to the burial ground", closed in 1967.
|
|
Peter Purves Smith was born on 26 March 1912 in East Melbourne, the second child and only son of Victorian-born graziers William Purves Smith and Loe Purves Smith. The family's male line in Australia extends back to Peter's grandfather Thomas Smith (1830–87), who emigrated from Darnick, Roxburghshire, in the Scottish Borders to the Colony of Victoria during the early days of the Victorian gold rush in 1854. Thomas rapidly prospered, establishing various businesses and acquiring farming properties and inner Melbourne mansions. William—although distant from Thomas—took to his father's alternating lifestyle of rural farming and leisured vacations in the city.
|
|
While in Tuena, Amelia gave birth to five of their children. In 1875, the Wongs moved south to the predominantly Irish and Scottish migrant settlement - Fullerton/Bolong (near Crookwell, New South Wales), where Amelia gave birth to another four of their children. Wong Sat was naturalised in 1879, allowing him to purchase approximately 4,000 acres,According to Wong Ah Sat's probate records, the acreage he owned stretched over two properties: Bolong and The Bar. the Wongs used the property to raise sheep and establish a general store to supply the local community of farmers and graziers.
|
|
Extension services are provided to individuals or groups of individuals, who own land, plantations or native forest; and wish to establish plantation on cleared land, management plantation or manage their native forests. Private Forests Tasmania employs foresters to service all regions of the State, as well as staff supporting landcare, agroforestry and forest practices programs. The agency has close working relations with field operatives of the Department of Primary Industries, Parks Water and Environment, State forest manager Forestry Tasmania, and the major private forestry companies. Private Forests Tasmania had working links with the State farmer association, the Tasmanian Farmers and Graziers Association.
|
|
Refusal to attend resulted in the League's highest penalty: the boycott. UIL activists considered that grazing farms violated "unwritten law" because much of the land had been taken from evicted tenants; the fact that many graziers did not live on their holdings made it easier to brand them "land grabbers". Local UIL branches acted as courts, claiming jurisdiction over all matters relating to land in their area. People accused of violating the League's code would be summoned to a meeting with the plaintiff and the board of the local UIL chapter; evidence would be heard, a verdict reached and punishment imposed.
|
|
Graziers thought immense flocks of swans nesting at Wiradjuri sanctuaries a nuisance. Reeds polluted by the birds repelled cattle from drinking places. As livestock ate feathers trapped in grass, feather-balls gathered inside their stomachs, eventually killing them. Concentrated populations of swans, Gilmore noted, enriched the soil and naturally boosted its productivity. Squatters didn’t recognise or value the ecological offerings of the swans, and rejected Wiradjuri sanctuary regulations in brutal style. Mary Gilmore wrote of ‘the swan-hoppers’: Their work was to hop the swans off the nests in the breeding- season, and smash the eggs.
|
|
Hamilton and Single both work as writers for the publication, operating under the pen-names Clancy Overell and Errol Parker—alter-egos for which they remain in character in nearly all public and media appearances. The idea for the site stems from an idea Hamilton originally had to create a conservative newspaper in his hometown of Mitchell, Queensland. Hamilton had grown up near Mitchell where his parents worked as graziers, before moving to Brisbane in the 1990s. Hamilton’s love for the oddities of living in a country town led to the idea’s transformation into a satirical publication.
|
|
This method may also be used in the Southern Alps of New Zealand where it is considered too steep to safely use horses. In this case the stockman and his dogs would be lowered from a helicopter onto the higher slopes to bring the sheep down, possibly before winter. The New Zealand stockmen usually use Huntaway dogs for driving sheep away and the Border Collie is also popular for heading work. Low stress stock handling schools are now regularly run to educate graziers, stockmen and some helicopter pilots in the working of cattle especially, and sheep as well.
|
|
In most cases the capital costs were high in relation to the potential revenue likely to be raised from passengers and freight. These economies imposed a limit on the expansion of railways into remote areas. The government initially gave priority to developing a railway west of Brisbane. As well as providing graziers and farmers with a more efficient transport link to the coast, railways were seen as a key to encouraging closer settlement west of the Great Dividing Range. The first section of rail, opened on 31 July 1865, was between Ipswich and Bigge's Camp (now Grandchester), west of Ipswich.
|
|
By 1936 very little headway had been made and it looked unlikely that such a sum could be raised. It was in this climate that Forster suggested that the donation of Booloominbah to the Government might force the issue. A secondary concern was the unwillingness of the University of Sydney to consider the proposal, funding was tight and it was only when they saw an opportunity to increase their budget that they were convinced. The sum was barely raised, the commercial and professionals of Armidale making very little contribution, leaving the efforts to the surrounding graziers.
|
|
Oxford Index. Retrieved 3 February 2015 From 1976 to 1979 Sir Sam Burston (he was knighted in 1977) was President of the Australian Woolgrowers' and Graziers' Council. In that capacity he was deeply involved in helping resolve the 1978 Live Sheep Export Dispute, through extensive negotiations with the Prime Minister, Malcolm Fraser, his Minister for Industrial Relations, Tony Street, and the President of the Australian Council of Trade Unions, Bob Hawke.HR Nicholls Society: No Ticket, No Start --- No More!. Retrieved 3 February 2015 In 1979, Burston oversaw the merger of the AWGG with seven other rural bodies to create the National Farmers' Federation.
|
|
He selected a place on Port Denison, an inlet of the Coral Sea, although Queensland became a separate colony before settlement took place there. The new township, designated a Port of Entry, was formally established on 12 April 1861 and named after Sir George Ferguson Bowen, first Governor of Queensland. The first pastoral run in the area, Strathmore, was taken up in the same year by the Cunningham family who were quickly followed by other graziers eager to establish grazing properties. A Police Magistrate was appointed to serve Bowen in late 1860 and a temporary courthouse was constructed.
|
|
Local belief is that Moggs derives from a family of graziers near St Arnaud, who used to bring cattle to graze in the area. The construction of the Great Ocean Road in the 1920s paved the way for further development, but it was only after World War II that land in the area was subdivided and sold for housing. In 1959, a group of Moggs Creek residents erected a rough cairn of bricks, topped by a plaster bust, as a monument to the mythical Sir Samuel Moggs, alleged to be the first European to have landed at the location, on 29 February 1759.
|
|
In spite of their political differences the PPA and WAWGU merged in 1946, to form the Farmers' Union of Western Australia. for that union's version of the history of the various groups mentioned here The name was changed in 1982 to the Primary Industry Association, and again in 1987, to the Western Australian Farmers Federation, to more closely align itself with the National Farmers' Federation. In 2019, the Federation called for a merge with the Pastoralists and Graziers Association of Western Australia. WAFarmers president Rhys Turton called for members of both organisations to be polled about the idea.
|
|
Dillon regarded the unresolved land issue as an essential motor for the nationalist home rule movement. O'Brien championed the smallholders against the large graziers while Davitt, whose original idea had been state ownership and agrarian socialism, was not particularly enamoured by peasant proprietorship.Garvin, Tom: The Evolution of Irish Nationalist Politics: The Reconstruction of Nationalist Politics, 1891–1910 p.102, Gill & Macmillan (2005) Though O’Brien claimed that his organisation had no political objective, he became intrinsically aware that to further their cause the three split factions of the IPP needed to be re-united.O’Brien, Joseph V.: pp.
|
|
These graziers have been monitoring and providing conservation works on their property for the benefit of the Golden shouldered parrot since the 1970s. The reinstating of former burning practices and the temporary removal of cattle from prime breeding sites has aided the parrot's survival. The recent provision of feeding stations in order to help juvenile birds through the perilous first months of the wet season has also been undertaken. This period when heavy flooding rains results in any remaining seed being washed away or drowned and many young birds perish before newly sprouted grass can provide new seed.
|
|
He was educated at All Saints College, Bathurst, and Sydney Grammar School. He read medicine at the University of Sydney He served during first world war with the Red Cross and was appointed a Chevalier de La Legion d'Honneur. He also served as the President of the Australian Club. His commercial appointments included the Chairman of Co-operative Wool and Produce Co. Ltd, and a director of the Colonial Sugar Refining Company (1924-49), the Graziers' Co-operative Shearing Co Ltd (Grazcos) (from 1919), Globe Worsted Mills Ltd (from 1927) and Newcastle-Wallsend Coal Company (from 1933).
|
|
An officer in the Citizens Military Force pre-war, he served with the Australian Imperial Force in the First World War. He reached the rank of lieutenant colonel, commanded the 36th, 33rd and 35th Battalions, was thrice mentioned in despatches, awarded the Distinguished Service Order in 1917 and the French Croix de guerre in 1918, and was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1918. From 1930 to 1932 he was on the executive of the Graziers' Association, and from 1932 to 1934 he was a United Australia Party member of the New South Wales Legislative Council.
|
|
The first European to discover the area was the French Admiral Bruni D'Entrecasteaux in 1792 and he named it Cap Aride; Matthew Flinders anglicized the name in 1802 and the park took its name from this feature. Pioneer graziers arrived in the area in the 1870s and the ruins of homesteads, dams and buildings as well as gravesites can be found near Pine Hill and Thomas Fishery. Bay whaling was conducted by Thomas Sherratt at Barrier Anchorage in the 1870s.Martin Gibbs, The Shore Whalers of Western Australia; Historical Archaeology of a Maritime Frontier, Sydney University Press, 2010, pp. 142–3.
|
|
The Gang Peak, located in the northeastern corner of the Mambilla Plateau, on the Mambilla-Gashaka- Cameroon tri-point boundary zone, is Nigeria's loftiest landform. Villages are found both on the hilltops and on valley bottoms, and are relatively isolated from one another particularly during the rainy seasons when river crossings can be difficult (and impossible for motorised transport). Agriculture is concentrated on the valley bottoms while the highlands have been extensively grazed since the 1940s, i.e. since the immigration of cattle graziers towards the end of British administration (it was part of British Cameroon until the referendum of 1959/61).
|
|
The National Party of Australia, also known as The Nationals or The Nats, is an Australian political party. Traditionally representing graziers, farmers, and rural voters generally, it began as the Australian Country Party in 1920 at a federal level. It later adopted the name National Country Party in 1975, before taking its current name in 1982. Federally, and in New South Wales, and to an extent in Victoria and historically in Western Australia, it has in government been the minor party in a centre-right Coalition with the Liberal Party of Australia, and its leader has usually served as Deputy Prime Minister.
|
|
At the time of the inaugural conference, the VFU consisted of 130 branches and 2,836 members, drawing its most enthusiastic (and militant) support from farmers in the wheat-growing districts of the Mallee region. From 1917 to 1920, the VFU rapidly accumulated members from amongst graziers, dairy farmers and orchardists, and by 1920 had 547 branches and 14,817 members.PG2694 – National Party of Australia – Victoria, The Page Research Centre, 1 June 2009. On 26 September 1917, at its conference in Geelong, the VFU passed a motion to change the name of its political wing from the Victorian Farmers' Union Party to the Country Party.
|
|
The Ipswich mill allowed raw wool to be processed locally, benefiting the Darling Downs' sheep graziers. It was also an important indicator that the Queensland economy was developing beyond the supply of raw materials, and vertical integration was occurring, in this case for the sheep industry. In an effort to encourage successful industry in Queensland, the Government offered the Queensland Woollen Manufacturing Company a bonus of for the first of cloth produced. The mill initially produced only unfinished cloth, this, however, changed as a lack of demand for unfinished cloth forced the company into establishing its own clothing works.
|
|
Climate map of Australia, based on Köppen classification. Adults employed in the agriculture, forestry and fishing industries as a percentage of the adult population in Australia based upon the 2011 census, divided geographically by statistical local area Although Australia is the driest nation in the world, with most the country being desert, the nation is a major agricultural producer and exporter, with over 325,300 employed in agriculture, forestry and fishing as of February 2015. Agriculture and its closely related sectors earn $155 billion-a-year for a 12% share of GDP. Farmers and graziers own 135,997 farms, covering 61% of Australia's landmass.
|
|
Main North Road is the major north-south arterial route through the suburbs north of the Adelaide City Centre in the city of Adelaide, South Australia. It continues north through the settled areas of South Australia and is a total of long, from North Adelaide to out of Port Augusta. It follows the route established in the early years of the colony by explorer John Horrocks and was a major route for farmers and graziers to reach the capital, passing through rich farmland and the Clare Valley wine region. In 2011, the section of road between Gawler to Wilmington was renamed Horrocks Highway.
|
|
A few years later the family selected of uncultivated and untitled farmland at Eleven Mile Creek near the Greta area of Victoria. In the dispute with the established graziers on whose land the Kellys were encroaching, they were suspected many times of cattle or horse stealing, but never convicted. In all, eighteen charges were brought against members of Kelly's immediate family before he was declared an outlaw, while only half that number resulted in guilty verdicts. This is a highly unusual ratio for the time, and led to claims that Kelly's family was unfairly targeted from the time they moved to northeast Victoria.
|
|
A National School was built in 1847. The nearest railway station was at Hougham. Trades listed in 1872 included three tailors, four shopkeepers, two shoemakers, a cattle salesman, a corn miller, a butcher, a carpenter, a blacksmith, a machine owner, a harness maker who was also an assistant overseer, two carriers--horse drawn wagon operators carrying goods and sometimes people between places of trade--operating between the village and both Newark and Grantham, and seven farmers, four of whom were also graziers. There were the licensed victuallers of The White Horse, The Duke William and The Black Boy public houses.
|
|
Albert Edward Armese Goldman, also known as Arthur Goldman, (4 October 1868 – 1937) was an Australian cricketer. He played one first-class match for Queensland in 1893. As of January 1893 Goldman was playing for the Brisbane Graziers Cricket Club, and in April he was selected to represent Queensland in the state's inaugural first-class game against New South Wales in Brisbane.Queensland v NSW 1–4 April 1893 By 1896 Goldman had moved to South Africa where he became a skater and completed a lap in a race in 11 minutes and 6 seconds which was the record for South Africa.
|
|
Tout was active in a broad range of rural and local activities and from the 1930s he became a force in conservative State politics. in 1932 he attended the Imperial Economic Conference, Ottawa, and in 1933 became president of the Australian Economic Advisory Council. From 1932 until 1946 he was a member of the NSW Upper House. In business he served as a director of the Australian Mutual Provident Society, Goldsbrough Mort & Co., the Graziers' Co-operative Shearing Co. Ltd, Associated Newspapers Ltd, Expeditionary Films (1933) Ltd, the McGarvie Smith Institute and the Commercial Union Assurance Company.
|
|
Some mixed farmers grow crops purely as fodder for their livestock; some crop farmers grow fodder and sell it. In some cases (such as in Australia) pastoral farmers are known as graziers, and in some cases pastoralists (in a use of the term different from traditional nomadic livestock cultures). Pastoral farming is a non-nomadic form of pastoralism in which the livestock farmer has some form of ownership of the land used, giving the farmer more economic incentive to improve the land. Unlike other pastoral systems, pastoral farmers are sedentary and do not change locations in search for fresh resources.
|
|
A civic reception was also held for the Queensland Premier, William Forgan Smith, in October 1937, and a civic luncheon was held for the Queensland Governor, Sir Leslie Wilson and Lady Wilson, in June 1939. The hotel also provided accommodation for visiting doctors, bankers, public servants, business people, graziers and other upper-middle class visitors. As an important part of the town's social life, the Exchange Hotel was utilised for dances, Melbourne Cup parties, weddings, World War II fundraising events, and Rotary Club meetings. Commercial travellers also displayed their wares at the hotel, and consulting rooms were let to visiting professionals.
|
|
C9), refers to the creation of nine new burgage strips from land belonging to seven of the tenants in Atherstone vill. By the late Tudor period Atherstone had become a centre for leatherworking, clothmaking, metalworking and brewing. Local sheep farmers and cattle graziers supplied wool and leather to local tanners and shoemakers (an industry that continued until the 1970s), while metalworkers, locksmiths and nailers fired their furnaces with local coal and the alemakers supplied thirsty palates on market days. The surviving inventories from 16th century Mancetter provide a fascinating glimpse into Atherstone's Elizabethan merchants and traders, before the town was economically overshadowed by the bustling cities of Coventry and Birmingham.
|
|
William McCombie (1805 – 1 February 1880), was a leading Scottish cattle breeder and agriculturist; he was also known as "the grazier king" or the "king of graziers". Born at Home Farm, Tillyfour, Aberdeenshire, the home of his father, Charles McCombie, a farming cattle dealer with Highland roots. He was the cousin of William McCombie of Cairnballoch, the founder editor of the radical Aberdeen Free Press.Donaldson, W. (1986), Popular Literature in Victorian Scotland: Language, Fiction and the Press, Aberdeen University Press After receiving his education at a local school, he attended Marischal College in Aberdeen but despite his father's reservations, he sought to follow him in an agricultural career.
|
|
The rumours were true and the station lies within the Woomera Test Range Area. Byron MacLachlan, the leaseholder of Commonwealth Hill in 1947, along with a consortium of pastoralists and lawyers established a working agreement to ensure the continuation of pastoral activity that would not interfere with the long range weapons project. In 1956 before the trials of the Black Knight Rocket commenced at Woomera safety risks to pastoralists were identified as a key concern. In 1957 the minister of Supply, Howard Beale spoke with the graziers who could be affected by the trials and announced that the Commonwealth government would pay for the installation of blast-proof shelters.
|
|
Anderson was born in Sydney, but his family have been graziers and landowners at Mullaley in northern New South Wales since the 1840s. When he was three years old, his mother died of cancer. During Easter 1970, in a tragic accident that has had a profound effect on Anderson's life, his younger sister Jane died after Anderson hit a cricket ball into the back of her neck while playing cricket at home with his father. Anderson was educated at The King's School as a boarder in Hake House and has a Master of Arts degree from the University of Sydney where he was a resident of St. Paul's College.
|
|
By early 1890 he was playing for Pembroke cricket club in the Southern Queensland Cricket Union competition, but he moved to the South Brisbane Cricket Club later in the year. By 1893 he was playing for Graziers' Cricket Club. In March 1893 he was selected for a practice match between two Queensland sides played to decide who would represent the state in its inaugural first-class match against New South Wales and took 7 for 19, a performance which earned him selection in the first-class game in March. When Brisbane electoral cricket was established in 1897 Hoare played for the Woolloongabba club in the new competition.
|
|
Despite this two-fold purpose, in its first twenty years in Australia it was primarily a loan and mortgage company. During the early 1860s through the persistence of Robert Morehead as its Australian manager, the Company entered into pastoral activity and acquired property in Central/Western Queensland (Bowen Downs) and in the Gulf Country. During the 1860s, the Company made a number of loans to Queensland graziers, including Mount Abundance. An article in 1875 recounted that when the Company took possession of Mount Abundance, the "improvements" consisted of only a wretched homestead, and suggested that Spencer was contented to live in his bark- covered buildings till they were old, and dilapidated.
|
|
To undertake this work he brought over Irish workers who were used to wet and boggy working conditions. This act infuriated six downstream graziers who sued him and his brother in the Supreme Court in June 1898. McCaughey lost the case and the jury awarded 2000 pounds damages to the plaintiff and he was ordered to limit the height of his dams. The other plaintiffs were later compensated with 10,000 pounds and McCaughey paid 17,000 pounds in legal costs. McCaughey's inability to further his interests at Coonong encouraged him to purchase the North Yanco property in 1899 from Sir Charles Douglass for 220,000 pounds.
|
|
In 1834 Edward Henty and his brothers [manikandan] established the first permanent settlement in Victoria at Portland Bay. When news of the Hentys' actions reached Launceston, John Batman and a group of investors founded the Port Phillip Association, a grouping of Tasmanian bankers, graziers and East India Company retirees, with the intention of settling at Port Philip. In April 1835, Batman hired a sloop called the Rebecca and sailed across the Strait and up Port Philip to the mouth of the Yarra. He explored a large area in what is now the northern suburbs of Melbourne, as far north as Keilor, ascending Mt Kororoit.
|
|
He was a co-founder of the Farmers and Settlers' Association and after many years of involvement was its president from 1920–22. He was also president of the Murrumbidgee Shire, a Yanko Shire councillor, vice-president of the Riverina New State League, a member of the councils of the Graziers' Association and Stockowners' Association and a member of the Australian Meat Council, as well as his local pastures protection board. He was an unsuccessful Progressive Party candidate at the 1920 state election. In 1922 he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as a member of the Country Party, defeating Nationalist MP John Chanter for the seat of Riverina.
|
|
But the Depression which began in 1891 led to acute class conflict as the mine owners and graziers tried to cut wages to remain solvent in the face of falling commodity prices, and the unions resisted. In 1894 Spence led the amalgamation of the miners, shearers and other rural workers into the Australian Workers' Union (AWU), Australia's largest and most powerful union. There were bitter strikes in the maritime and pastoral industries, in which Spence played a leading role, although he was generally a force for moderation in the labour movement. He was the AWU's secretary from 1894 to 1898 and president from 1898 to 1917.
|
|
As a result, the Port Curtis Co-operative Dairy Company Ltd was registered in Brisbane in September 1904 as a joint stock company, with the registered office situated in Gladstone. The company's objective was to erect a factory at Gladstone for the manufacture and storage of butter and other dairy products. During 1904 articles of association were drawn up, and a founding committee comprising prominent local graziers and businessmen was elected. A site for the dairy factory was selected adjacent to the railway line, a couple of blocks southeast of the main Gladstone railway station, and the scheme was approved by the Meat and Dairy Board.
|
|
Presbyterian Ladies College, Croydon Farmers and Graziers Warehouse, Ultimo Griffiths Teas, Wentworth Avenue, Surry Hills Bebarfalds, now Woolworths, Sydney When Kent was unable to find employment after graduation from university, he sought advice from John Fairfax. With a recommendation from Fairfax, Kent managed to secure work with master builder John Young. During this time he worked on the construction of the Department of Lands building, St Mary's Cathedral, Sydney and the Garden Palace that was built for the International Exhibition of 1879. He went into private practice in 1882 and his first commission was the design of Eldon Chambers in Pitt Street, Sydney, for Josiah Mullens.
|
|
He served a term as a Town of Warwick councillor and was an unsuccessful Kidstonite candidate for the Legislative Assembly in 1908. Morgan enlisted for service in World War I on 7 February 1915 and embarked with the 11th Light Horse Regiment reinforcements on 2 June 1915. He served in the Gallipoli campaign and in Palestine before being invalided home in early 1917. After the war, he returned to journalism, initially as associate editor of the Daily Mail in Brisbane from 1918 to 1921, then as editor of the new Graziers' Review from 1921 to 1927, and finally as editor of the Brisbane Sun from 1927 until his election to parliament.
|
|
In Mayo, the fall potato harvest was only 1.4 tons per acre, less than half of the previous year. At the Land League conference in April 1880, Parnell's program of conciliation with landlords was rejected in favour a demand for the abolition of "landlordism", promoted by Davitt and other radicals. On 17 May, Parnell was elected to the presidency of the IPP. Local chapters of the Land League frequently were formed from previous associations such as Tenants' Defence Associations or Farmers' Clubs, which decided to join the Land League because of the greater financial resources offered; this brought larger farmers and graziers into the movement.
|
|
It was most intense in areas of Connacht, North and East Leinster and North Munster where large grazing farms and uneconomic smallholdings existed side by side. The campaign resulted in a defeat for the small farmers; besides "a legacy of bitterness and cynicism in Connaught", the main effect of their campaign was to show how Irish nationalism had become a bourgeois movement, including many large graziers. By the Irish War of Independence (1918–1922) about half a million people were occupying uneconomic smallholdings, mostly in the west of Ireland. In addition, veterans of the Irish Volunteers and first Irish Republican Army had been promised land in exchange for their service.
|
|
In 1653 he purchased from Cromwell's government the freehold of the former Royal Forest of Exmoor in Somerset, and in 1654 was the first to build a house on the desolate moorland, at a central spot called Simonsbath. The house stands today, known as Simonsbath House (now a hotel) , and retains the carved date of "1654" on a beam in the kitchen. He did not persevere long in his residence on Exmoor, and by 1670 he had moved to Whitehall,Crawley-Boevey, p.37 Cheam in Surrey, whilst retaining his financial interest in the income from Exmoor derived from local graziers, whose rents he increased much to their displeasure.
|
|
The minor use permit for Tri- Solfen makes the product available for use by both veterinarians and sheep industry employees, such as mulesing contractors and graziers. After a heavy mules, non-wooled skin around the anus (and vulva in ewes) is pulled tight, the cut heals and results in smooth scar tissue that does not get fouled by faeces or urine. Most sheep have a light mules which does not leave the skin bare, but simply removes the skin wrinkle leaving a reduced area to grow wool and stain. When managed according to the standards, policies and procedures developed by the CSIRO, lambs are normally mulesed a few weeks after birth.
|
|
Professions and trades listed in 1872 for West Allingon were the parish rector, a tailor, two joiners & undertakers, and four farmers, two of whom were also graziers. Listed for East Allington were a schoolmistress, a shopkeeper, a mason who was also a bricklayer and contractor, a brewer, the licensed victualler of the Welby Arms who was also a farmer and grazier, and five further farmers, one of whom was also a coal & lime merchant, two a grazier, and another a grazier and butcher.White, William (1872), Whites Directory of Lincolnshire, p.650 The Welby family was associated with the village from the 18th century onwards.
|
|
Field trials for the myxomatosis virus were carried out in 1936 by the CSIR Division of Animal Health and Nutrition, as a method of controlling rabbit population. The trials were successful in killing rabbits in their warrens but did not spread well between warrens. By 1946 another plague was being predicted by graziers following a drought breaking, and numbers of rabbits started to rise in 1948 and continue into 1949 and 1950 causing massive damage to crops in parts of New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia in a plague described as the worst rabbit plague in Australia's history. The myxomatosis virus was released in 1950 to reduce pest rabbit numbers.
|
|
Although the wool industry was the impetus for early pastoral activity in Queensland, cattle soon proved better suited to the wetter conditions in northern areas. However, early development of a Queensland cattle industry was hindered by the lack of a sufficiently large market for fresh beef. In the 1860s excess stock were disposed of by selling to other graziers or to boiling down works. Ports to service the new pastoral runs being taken up in northern and far north-western Queensland in the early 1860s were established at Port Denison (Bowen) in 1861 and Cleveland Bay (Townsville) in 1864, with Cleveland Bay declared a Port of Entry in 1865.
|
|
Millen was born in Deal, Kent in 1860 to John Bullock Millen, who was a pilot of the Cinque Ports, and Charlotte (née Davis). He migrated to New South Wales in 1880, having been educated in England and employed in the marine insurance business. On 19 February 1883, he married Constance Evelyn Flanagan at Bourke; they settled as graziers in Brewarrina. Millen, who had worked as a journalist in Bourke and Walgett and wrote for the Central Australian and Bourke Telegraph (of which he reputedly became part-owner), became editor of the Western Herald and Darling River Advocate around 1889, part-owning the business together with Philip Chapman until 1901.
|
|
Mob of black sheep, Braeside, 1894 In purchasing Braeside, a well-watered grazing property on the southern Darling Downs, from FH Needham in 1879, Allan was able to concentrate on stock breeding and improvement, developing the property as a model stud farm, his pastoral headquarters, and his family's permanent place of residence. At Braeside Allan established a purebred Hereford Cattle Stud and bred black Merino and Lincoln sheep, the wool selling well on the London market. He took a great interest in developing the stud, keeping detailed herd books. His bulls had a reputation for hardiness and longevity, and were in demand with graziers.
|
|
Robert William Greig (born 17 May 1942) is a former Australian politician who was a Liberal Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia from 1987 to 1989, representing the seat of Darling Range. Greig was born in Melbourne to Mary Elizabeth (née Plumridge) and Robert Sinclair Greig, and attended Box Hill High School. He first lived in Western Australia between 1967 and 1974, where he worked as a manager for the Pastoralists and Graziers Association (PGA). After a period working for a construction industry peak organisation in South Australia, he returned to Western Australia in 1978, working in industrial relations roles for the Confederation of Western Australian Industry.
|
|
The Country Party (today's National Party) formed in 1920 to promulgate its version of agrarianism, which it called "Countrymindedness". The goal was to enhance the status of the graziers (operators of big sheep ranches) and small farmers, and secure subsidies for them.Rae Wear, "Countrymindedness Revisited", (Australian Political Science Association, 1990) online edition Enduring longer than any other major party save the Labor party, it has generally operated in Coalition with the Liberal Party (since the 1940s), becoming a major party of government in Australia—particularly in Queensland. Other significant after-effects of the war included ongoing industrial unrest, which included the 1923 Victorian Police strike.
|
|
The change was huge and the Forests Commissions responsibilities grew in one leap from 2.4 million to 6.5 million hectares. Stretton also examined the inevitability of fire in the Australian bush and heard evidence from foresters, graziers, sawmillers and academics whether it was best to let fires burn because they were a part of a natural protective cycle or to combat them to defend people and the forests. Importantly, his balanced deliberations officially sanctioned and encouraged fuel reduction burning. Stretton’s work has been referred to in subsequent bushfire inquiries and Royal Commissions such as Ash Wednesday in 1983 and Black Saturday 2009. Parts of Stretton’s report are used as a prescribed text for the Victorian VCE.
|
|
The Rooty Hill is of State heritage significance as a remnant of one of the four Government Depots and stock farms first selected by Governor King in 1802 and further developed by Governor Macquarie after 1810. Under Macquarie, Rooty Hill Depot and stock farm developed as the second most important of the stock farms in colonial NSW. It functioned to provide an important reserve food supply for the colony during its establishment when it frequently faced crop failures, drought and other difficulties. The stock farm also enabled the government to control livestock prices and so prevent exploitation of the market by private graziers and contributed to the establishment of colonial breeding herds.
|
|
In the first two decades of the 20th century the colonial government encouraged Newar and other ethnic non- Bahun Nepali communities to settle in Assam's excluded areas mostly as "professional" cattle grazers for an expanding revenue,"Though initially an insignificant source of government revenue, these grazing fees were indeed an expanding source because of the steady rise in the immigration of Nepali and other graziers along with their cattle." feeding into the business of milk supply in the emerging urban markets. This population of Assam was joined by Gorkha security personnel from forces such as the Assam Rifles that stayed back after their retirement. This population became predominant in the lower hills.
|
|
Merino ewes and lambs in Walcha, New South Wales In the large sheep producing nations of South America, Australia and New Zealand sheep are usually bred on large tracts of land with much less intervention from the graziers or breeders. Merinos, and much of the land in these countries does not lend itself to the mob intervention that is found in smaller flock breeding countries. In these countries there is little need, and no option but for ewes to lamb outdoors as there are insufficient structures to handle the large flocks of ewes there. New Zealand ewes produce 36 million lambs each spring time, which is an average of 2,250 lambs per farm.
|
|
Ali influenced the designation of the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, the Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary and in decisions that saved the Silent Valley National Park. One of Ali's later interventions at Bharatpur involved the exclusion of cattle and graziers from the sanctuary and this was to prove costly as it resulted in ecological changes that led to a decline in the waterbirds. Some historians have noted that the approach to conservation used by Salim Ali and the BNHS followed an undemocratic process. Ali lived for some time with his brother Hamid Ali (1880-1965) who had retired in 1934 from the Indian Civil Service and settled at Southwood, ancestral home of his father in law, Abbas Tyabji, in Mussoorie.
|
|
High country stockmen followed who used the Snowy Mountains for grazing during the summer months. Banjo Paterson's famous poem The Man From Snowy River recalls this era. The cattle graziers have left a legacy of mountain huts scattered across the area. A story, which may be apocryphal, credits James Spencer, who settled in the area in the 1840s with saying 'What a perisher' when caught in a storm, giving origin to the Perisher area. The Kosciuszko National Park in which Perisher is situated came into existence as the National Chase Snowy Mountains on 5 December 1906. In 1944 this became the Kosciuszko State Park, and then the Kosciuszko National Park in 1967.
|
|
In December 1878, a settler called Molvo, with three of his men, were killed near Cloncurry, at the important Wonomo watering hole on Suleiman Creek near Cloncurry, as they camped with their herd. This was the starting point, in indigenous history, for Kennedy and other settlers in the district joining forces with native troops under Inspector Eglinton stationed at Boulia to war down the native tribes of the region. Subsequent to this incident, scores of Kalkatungu in the surrounding hills were shot down. Over the following years, the Kalkatungu gained a reputation among graziers for tactical wiliness both in resisting police and settler forays against them, and in harvesting the cattle game they found on their lands.
|
|
Renshaw, with farming and agricultural origins, had a strong personal following in the nominally conservative-leaning country seat, appealing to a diverse range of voters from well-to-do graziers, to small farmers, to blue-collar workers, and he ultimately held the seat for Labor against Country Party opponents for four decades. In January 1980, Renshaw resigned from the NSW Parliament and endorsed his private secretary, Curran, as ALP candidate at the resulting by- election to be held a few weeks later in February. Like Renshaw, Curran held the appeal of being from the land and understanding farming concerns while nevertheless standing for Labor values. Curran retained the seat for Labor after a fiercely contested campaign.
|
|
The Single Tax League was a Georgist Australian political party that flourished throughout the 1920s and 1930s based on support for single tax. Based upon the ideas of Henry George, who argued that all taxes should be abolished, save for a single tax on unimproved land values, the Single Tax League was founded shortly after World War I, and a newspaper, the People's Advocate was published. The League had pockets of support throughout Australia but none more than on the west coast of South Australia, whose farmers and graziers saw merit in single tax theory. A great proponent of the theory was J. Medway Day via his short-lived weekly newspaper The Voice.
|
|
Drought, dust and deluge : a century of climatic extremes in Australia (2004) : Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne It was estimated that about 50,000 tonnes of topsoil were stripped from the Mallee (approximately 1,000 tonnes of it being dumped on the city). The combined effect of drought and dust storm inflicted damage on the land that, according to the then President of the Victorian Farmers and Graziers' Association, would take up to 10 years and tens of millions of dollars to repair.The Melbourne dust-storm of February 1983 The exact weather pattern that had caused the dust storm was repeated one week later, when the Ash Wednesday fires caused enormous destruction and loss of life.
|
|
The Catholic Church was completed in 1895, although it is believed that a Catholic school had been running in the town since the 1860s, and Mass may have previously been celebrated in a rented hall. Horse racing began at Portarlington in 1859 on a track near the mill, but didn't generate much interest until the 1880s, when a new track was established to the west of the town. The new track was fenced- off in 1881, despite opposition from local graziers, and the Portarlington Turf Club was established in 1883, with an annual meeting held on Easter Monday. The track was close to the beach, and was knee-deep in sand in places.
|
|
With these facilities a sugar boom began: small growers brought their cane for crushing to the Alexandra mill and acreage under cane expanded rapidly. Cane growers pushed back the graziers and by 1870 five mills were established. By 1872 Mackay mills produced 40 per cent of the total Queensland sugar production and 37 per cent of its rum. Seventeen mills were established along the Pioneer River before 1875, most in 1872 and 1873. Another 12 including Farleigh, Habana, Homebush, and Marian were established between 1881 and 1885, then North Eton and Racecourse in 1888, Plane Creek began at Sarina in 1896 and in 1906 Cattle Creek Mill at Finch Hatton started operations.
|
|
This resulted in him despatching his protégé, Archdeacon William Broughton, to Australia to introduce a "superior description" of education into New South Wales. Started by Broughton in 1831, the King's School became the most significant school for young gentlemen of its time and the site of the first quality education in the colony (King's School 2006). The first intake of boys to the school was to produce a President of the Queensland Legislative Council, a Speaker of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, a Mayor and several other State politicians, clergymen, a police magistrate, graziers and the first Australian Methodist missionary. The school has provided education to princes and entertained members of the British Royal Family on several occasions.
|
|
The discovery of gold near Hood's Lagoon (soon known as Diggings Lagoon) in the early 1860s paved the way for a rush to the district. A nearby settlement was surveyed in 1863 as the town of Clermont. Homesteads and townships west of Clermont were established rapidly and the bush tracks blazed by the carriers, teamsters, farmers, graziers and miners who needed a comprehensive network of roads for transporting wool, gold, copper and other produce to coastal ports, became well travelled routes. The Clermont to Aramac route via Oaky Creek was established in 1863 and following the 1866 opening of a post office at Clermont, weekly mail services to settlers in outlying areas commenced along this track.
|
|
The pastoral sector of the industry was succeeding and more and more land in Australia was opened up and utilised by sheep graziers. Larger numbers of sheep were grazing, successful breeding programs were ensuring better quality wool, and ovine diseases were being eradicated due to strict quarantine measures and improved veterinarian and environmental knowledge by farmers. The establishment of the woollen mill in Ipswich provided a centrally located processing plant for the raw wool produced on the Darling Downs. Prior to the building of the woollen mill the raw wool was sent for processing to Melbourne, Sydney or Adelaide (all of which already had well-established wool processing plants), but this was costly and inefficient.
|
|
Anning suggested an arrangement whereby graziers would put up the money and the North Queensland Aero Club would provide the aircraft and crews. On returning to Cairns, Sir Robert discussed the idea with his solicitor, Jack Bell, who advised a limited liability company would be a better option. A prospectus was drawn up and Bush Pilots Airways began to take shape. Sir Robert, Jack Bell and Neville Mitchell were the first three shareholders. Its first aircraft was a De Havilland DH-90 “Dragonfly” which was purchased from Adastra Airways Ltd in Sydney. Sir Robert flew it to Cairns on 19 June 1951 and it went into operation on 23 June of that same year.
|
|
Surprisingly the acquisitions were carried out with little friction and limited legal action. Most graziers moved away from the area because there was virtually no land available for purchase at that time. Professor Denis Winston, the Authority's town planner, was commissioned to draw up a new town and the people were given the choice of three locations, one of which looked over the new lake incorporating what was left of the old town. Surprisingly, the inhabitants chose a location on the main road, known as Bolairo View, forfeiting any water views, arguing that the position would ensure the town had a secure future on the highway and that the site was warmer, being lower, and more sheltered.
|
|
Capella was founded on traditional Wangan land in the 1860s by graziers influenced by the good reports of Ludwig Leichhardt. The town takes its name from Capella Creek, which was in turn named after the star Capella. The Creek was probably named by surveyor Charles Frederick Gregory who, following the discovery of copper at Copperfield, about 60 kilometres to the north, surveyed three township sites in the Peak Downs area in 1862; Crinum Creek (Lilyvale), Capella, and Hoods Lagoon (Clermont). The town remained a small roadside stopping place halfway between Emerald, to the south, and Clermont, to the north, until a railway line was built connecting the two larger towns in 1882.
|
|
The nest sites were occasionally reported at termitariums previously occupied by the kingfisher Todiramphus macleayii or in burrows of a kookaburra Dacelo leachii (North, 1889), or at the base of a tree (Campbell, 1901). The reasons for the sudden decline of the paradise parrot remain speculative. Possibilities include overgrazing, land clearing, changed fire regimes, hunting by bird collectors, and predation by introduced mammals like cats and dogs. It became rare towards the end of the 19th century and by 1915 was thought to be possibly extinct. A severe drought in the region during 1902 may have been a factor in its demise, and where the new pastoralist practices were introduced the burning by graziers to encourage fodder for their stock resulted in the loss of seasonal foods.
|
|
The whole town took on an air of bustle and excitement with the arrival of every train, and all its businesses benefited. The tramway offered four regular passenger services each week, with additional trains for goods and livestock as required. In 1915, the second full year of operation, the tramway carried over of wool and of general goods, over 250,000 sheep and nearly 7000 passengers. The graziers and shopkeepers who made up the Aramac Shire Council found themselves in the unfamiliar business of running a railway, and it was to form a prominent part of their agenda for the next 62 years. The tramway was a financial success, but only marginally so; even in the busy year of 1915, total revenue was only 8% greater than expenditure.
|
|
Both hotels are a dominant presence in Charleville's main street; but it is the Hotel Corones which is regarded as Hodgen's major single work and the highlight of his career. For over thirty years the Hotel Corones ("The Leading Hotel of the West") flourished as a tourist, pastoral and CTA (Commercial Travellers Association) House. Harry Corones' advertisements and stationery proclaimed vice-regal patronage; and in addition to wealthy local graziers, celebrities such as Amy Johnson, Gracie Fields, and the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester were guests at the hotel. In 1936 there were on average 133 guests per week and during World War II when American servicemen occupied the local aerodrome and hospital, "Poppa" Corones did a roaring trade with dances held "every night" in Corones Hall.
|
|
This led to some resentment towards the Liberal government then in power, and especially towards Minister for Lands James Mitchell, who had adopted a particularly enthusiastic attitude towards settlement in such areas.Black (1981a), p.384-388. Two new events on the horizon brought things to a head—the 1911 state election which produced the first majority Labor government in Western Australia (including several members from agricultural areas); and an attempt by the Rural Workers Union to bring agricultural workers into the Commonwealth arbitration system to regulate their wages and working conditions. In March 1912, the Western Australian Farmers and Settlers' Association was formed to represent small employers' interests, and included primarily wheat farmers, but also small graziers, dairy farmers and orchardists.
|
|
The Farmers and Producers Political Union (FPPU) was an independent conservative agrarian political party founded in South Australia in reaction to Labor, keen to fend off a perceived threat to the FPPU's interests against a rising labour movement and Labor. The rural stockowners and graziers were concerned at the concentration of the Australasian National League (ANL) on the metropolitan electorates and urban issues, leading to the formation of the FPPU which had a conservative political agenda, and was absolutely opposed to franchise reform. It was essentially the rural wing of the ANL. The FPPU was created in 1904 and lasted until after the 1910 election when it merged with the Liberal and Democratic Union and the National Defence League to become the Liberal Union.
|
|
Historian F.K. Crowley finds that: : Australian farmers and their spokesman have always considered that life on the land is inherently more virtuous, as well as more healthy, more important and more productive, than life in the towns and cities....The farmers complained that something was wrong with an electoral system which produced parliamentarians who spent money beautifying vampire-cities instead of developing the interior.F.K. Crowley, Modern Australia in Documents: 1901 – 1939 (1973) pp 77-78. The National Party of Australia (formerly called the Country Party), from the 1920s to the 1970s, promulgated its version of agrarianism, which it called "countrymindedness". The goal was to enhance the status of the graziers (operators of big sheep ranches) and small farmers and justified subsidies for them.
|
|
As a partial result of this, and his inability to suppress vigilantism against Aborigines, in April 1844 Gipps issued regulations which required a licence fee of £10 a year from graziers, limited the area of most stations to , and specified that no single licence covered a station capable of depasturing more than 500 head of cattle and 7000 sheep. This brought a storm of protests from the squatters and led to the foundation of the Pastoral Association of New South Wales, the resulting controversy continued until his departure. Further difficulties in administering further-flung settlements continued because of the huge distances involved, difficult travel, and the lack of willingness of possible representatives to spend some time in Sydney for these purposes.
|
|
The No. 1 rabbit-fence in Western Australia (1926) In 1907, the rabbit-proof fence was built in Western Australia between Cape Keraudren and Esperance to try to control the spread of the rabbit population from the east into Western Australian pastoral areas. Given that European rabbits can both jump very high and burrow underground, a perfectly intact fence stretching for hundreds of kilometres, and whose gates farmers or graziers did not leave open for livestock or machinery, was still unlikely to succeed. As such, the Number 1 Rabbit-Proof Fence, which was erected in 1901, failed to keep the rabbit population away from the protected area. Even after this large scale fence had failed, smaller scale fencing projects continued to make a successful appearance.
|
|
Most of that funding was intended for coal-fired power generators in Victoria. Research by the Grattan Institute suggested that no black coal mining or liquefied natural gas projects would be scrapped as a result of carbon pricing, regardless of industry compensation; it further claimed that, if coupled with compensation, the carbon pricing regime would in fact leave the steel industry better off. Under the Carbon Farming Initiative, farmers and graziers would have been able to plant trees to earn carbon credits, which could have been on-sold to companies liable to pay a carbon price. The Clean Technology Investment Program was touted as helping the manufacturing sector to support investments in "energy-efficient capital equipment and low emission technologies, processes and products".
|
|
Heritage boundaries The Binnawee Homestead and Outbuildings are of State significance as a picturesquely diverse yet cohesive group of mid-nineteenth century rural buildings. This group is representative of the pastoral history of the State, providing evidence of the aspirations and wealth of mid-nineteenth century graziers, while being rare in its intactness. The homestead building is a fine and rare example of an intact mid 19th century, Georgian two-storey house, while the working outbuildings include stables, shearing shed and working man's cottage and are constructed in a variety of materials, including brick, clay rubble, slab and reinforced concrete. The Binnawee Homestead and Outbuildings are of State significance for their research potential in providing information about mid-nineteenth century building materials and techniques.
|
|
In October 2014, Johnson announced that he would retire from the Queensland Parliament at the next election. The Premier of Queensland, Campbell Newman, praised his contribution to Queensland, saying "Vaughan will forever be known as the bloke who fought tooth and nail for the farmers and graziers, truck drivers, small business owners and everyone in between right across Western Queensland." In 2014 on Fairfax Radio, Johnson stated "I'm not against Asian people, don't get me wrong – but a lot of those Asian people come from an environment where they have no comprehension of road rules in their own country". Johnson issued a letter later that day apologising for his remarks, adding "I wanted to convey that all drivers in Queensland must take care on the roads".
|
|
In 1956, both allegations of maladministration and claims of corruption regarding graziers being forced to pay bribes to secure lease renewals were made in both state and federal parliament, and the state government instituted the Royal Commission on Land Leases to investigate the issues. After initial hearings resulted in an interim report critical of Foley, the commission was suspended, Foley stepped aside as Minister for Lands, and criminal charges were instigated against Foley, which resulted in an acquittal and Foley's reinstatement. However, the Royal Commission was then reopened and handed down a verdict that Foley was guilty of corrupt conduct for soliciting bribes, resulting in his final resignation as minister. After his resignation from the ministry his wife was found unconscious on the bedroom floor of their home and died the next day.
|
|
In the late 19th century Hodgson became the target of increasing vilification from newspapers and public figures."A Graziers Carouse" The Advertiser (7 April 1907)] for example In his 1891 pamphlet The War between Heaven and Hell, religious crusader Henry Varley singled out Madame Brussels for particular scorn, describing her as an "accursed procuress", who was protected by the city's magistrates. In one famous passage, he claimed she had toured the streets of Melbourne "in charge of a beautiful young girl under twenty, with a white feather in her hat, telling by advertisement (the white feather) that maiden virtue was to be had for a price in her gilded den"Varley quoted in Graeme Davidson, David Dunstan & Chris McConville (Eds) (1985) The Outcasts of Melbourne. p. 50\. Allen & Unwin, Australia.
|
|
Ardill was actively involved in community organisations throughout his life, serving as a member of the Aborigines Protection Board from 1936 to 1945, as Executive Director of the Society for Providing Homes for Neglected Children from 1945 to 1964, and as Foundation President of the Sound Finance League of Australia in 1933. At a local level, he was a councillor of the Gunning Shire Council from 1920 until 1934 and 1938 until 1941, and shire president in 1923 and 1927–28. He was also secretary of the local agricultural society, founder of the local dramatic society, branch secretary of the Primary Producers Union and Graziers Association, and a Methodist lay preacher for the Gunning circuit. Ardill entered state politics at the 1930 election, narrowly winning the new, notionally Nationalist seat of Yass.
|
|
According to the Gazetteer of Kurram, the richness of the land gradually weaned the Turks from their nomadic life. Sections built villages and settled permanently; they ceased to be Kuchi and became Kothi this abandonment of their nomadic habits by the majority of the resulted, as it was bound to do, in a contraction of the area in effective possession. The upper Kurram plain was safe as their headquarters, but hills and slopes below the Safed Koh and Mandher over which their graziers had kept an efficient watch, now afforded a menace as a place in which an encroaching tribe could establish itself. To guard against this settlements of Mangals and Muqbils were half invited half allowed to push themselves in conditions of vassalage, and on promise to afford a buttress against any enemy aggression.
|
|
The murders of Noel and Sophia Weckert prompted public concerns about the safety of Bruce Highway, particularly the portion of the highway stretching between Marlborough and Sarina. Graziers on properties between Rockhampton and Mackay called for better police protection following numerous violent incidents. After the reports of Noel Weckert's murder, Minister for Northern Development Rex Patterson publicly stated that he always traveled along the highway with a loaded rifle to ensure his own protection. It was a statement similar to the one he had originally made in 1967, wherein he had said that the stretch of road between Marlborough and Sarina was becoming renowned as "death alley" owing to the frequent occurrence of murders, shootings and ambushes.(20 October 1967) MP says he carries rifle on highway, page 8, The Canberra Times.
|
|
The Huttons of Raspberry Creek and Shoalwater runs were prominent in the establishment of the pastoral industry in Central Queensland, and worked with the Flowers brothers of nearby Yandouble and Pine Mountain to establish a live cattle export from Port Clinton to New Caledonia. To get cattle to the Rockhampton market, the Huttons and other graziers would drive them along the Byfield Road, using the fording to cross Byfield Creek to reach Adelaide Park Road, which follows the Mount Hedlow route around the Berserker Range. The Huttons, as with many families in the region, also bred their own racehorses along with work and saddle horses. Horse breeders such as the Huttons and Geddes found there was more profit in selling horses to India as army remounts and polo ponies than selling cattle.
|
|
Clermont is named after Clermont-Ferrand in France; Clermont-Ferrand was the ancestral home of Oscar de Satge, one of the first European graziers who owned the Wolfang Downs pastoral run. Theresa Creek Post Office opened by 1863, was replaced by Coppermines Post Office at the end of 1863 and Clermont Post Office in 1864. Clermont State School opened on 27 August 1867. Copper was discovered soon after. In the 1880s up to 4000 Chinese people were resident in Clermont, mining for gold and copper. This led to racial riots and the Chinese were removed from the region in 1888. The decorated soldier Billy Sing was born in Clermont in 1886 of a Chinese father and English mother. The railway was extended north from Emerald to Clermont in February 1884.
|
|
Buckingham said that "whoever was against the Bill had either an Irish interest or an Irish understanding", giving great offence to Ormonde and his family as a result, but his difficulty was that England did not have a single "interest". The Bill was strongly supported by those whom Samuel Pepys called "the Western gentlemen", the landed gentlemen of the North and West of England, and Wales, who believed that the Bill would increase the value of their cattle. It was opposed by the graziers of Norfolk and Suffolk, who made their living partly by fattening Irish cattle, and by Londoners, who were the biggest market for Irish beef. Pepys also reports fears, unfounded in the event, that passing the Bill would lead to a repetition of the Irish Rebellion of 1641.
|
|
He was a Member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1859, Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly from 1865 to 1878, and a Member of the Queensland Legislative Council, from 1879–1888. He was the Queensland Minister of the Crown from 1870 to 1873, Speaker in the Queensland Legislative Assembly from 6 January 1874 to 20 July 1876. Walsh was arguably the most conspicuous and outspoken Tory-conservative politicians in northern New South Wales and Queensland in the period up to the 1870s. He is today best known for his two decade long strong-worded opposition to the Queensland's Native Police Force and the lack of protection of indigenous people in Queensland, a position which brought him into conflict with Queensland's first Governor Sir George Ferguson Bowen and a number of other Queensland graziers.
|
|
Expertise for a laboratory came the following year when Louis Pasteur, responding to a notice for the extermination of rabbits in New South Wales, sent a mission that included the French scientists Adrien Loir and Louis Germont. While in Australia, Loir and Germont were engaged by the Queensland Government to research the origin of pleuropneumonia and its preventive inoculation, setting up a temporary laboratory at the old Immigration Barracks (Brisbane central business district) in conjunction with the (sheep) quarantine grounds at Indooroopilly for experimental animals. The supervisory commission viewed the results as promising and recommended establishing a permanent institution and laboratory for all diseases of stock, with suitable buildings and a scientist. Also in 1888, additional interest in "scientific inquiry" emerged when a deputation of graziers asked the Colonial Secretary to appoint a board to investigate mange in stock.
|
|
In 1877 the firm of Fitzgerald, Quinlan & Co. was formed and the Queensland Distillery at Milton was acquired and developed as the Castlemaine Brewery. The first Castlemaine XXX Sparkling Ale was sold in late 1878. In 1887 The Castlemaine Brewery and Quinlan, Gray & Co. Brisbane Ltd was formed to acquire the assets of Fitzgerald, Quinlan & Co. (owners of the Castlemaine Brewery at Milton) and Quinlan, Gray & Co. (general merchants and importers). In addition to the brewing business the firm supplied wine, spirits, groceries and general merchandise to hotelkeepers, storekeepers, and graziers throughout Queensland. The company's Queen Street premises, circa 1900 The firm continued to occupy premises in Queen Street near the Customs House through the 1890s and early 1900s, and in 1901 also took up the lease of 385-391 Adelaide Street as a bond store.
|
|
Byfield district graziers and fruit-growers used the old road over Byfield Creek until a by- pass was opened in the early 1940s, in response to pressure from an increasing number of residents attracted to the area. A map of the area shows the development of the bypass as being nearly complete, but resumption of land through Lot 10 delayed completion of the road until the early 1940s. The bypass, known as the Yeppoon-Byfield Road, gives access to the Byfield State School, Post Office and General Store and provides a comfortable journey for travellers between Yeppoon and properties north of Byfield Creek, with overpasses constructed over creeks and the roadway designed as a durable all- weather passage. This bypass circumvents the road leading to and around the boundary of Lot 171 and rejoins the original route at the northern intersection of Yaxley and Byfield Roads.
|
|
The Australian Zebu Breeders' Society started with Atkinson as president (1946-1960) and Le Tournouer taking the secretary's position. In 1953 it was reported that "The system of registration being adopted by the Australian Zebu Breeders Society will fill an important need in Queensland's cattle industry.... The Australian society, comprising nine active breeder members with Mr K J Atkinson of Wairuna, Mt Garnet as president, has now applied for affiliation with the American society...". In 1947 north Queensland graziers considered forming a syndicate to build saleyards to be worked on a co-operative basis for the benefit of pastoralists. Subsequently, the Primary Producers Cooperative was formed with Ken Atkinson as the first chairman of the board and on 2 April 1948 the company North Queensland Saleyards Co P/L (Mareeba Saleyard) was registered. The Mareeba Saleyard's first sale was held on 19 May 1948 and it continues to operate in 2013.
|
|
The final weighing of the steers in the 2½ year-long weight trial took place during the first field day for north Queensland cattlemen, organised by the Mount Garnet branch of the Graziers' Association in co-operation with the Dept A&S;, and held at Wairuna Homestead, in 1955. The study quantitatively showed the advantages of Brahman-cross beef compared with European breeds. From 1960 Wairuna, with its cross-bred herd, was managed by Atkinson's eldest son, Jon, while Atkinson moved his Brahman stud cattle to the property Moana at Kuranda to be more easily accessible for buyers. Industry improvements of the 1950s were followed during the 1960s and 1970s by a number of innovations higher degree of cattle control, provision of beef roads, increased emphasis on pasture management and the establishment of better adapted breeds such as Brahman and Brahman crosses including Santa Gertrudis.
|
|
The 1870s was in general an era of expansion for the Kennedy pastoral district and graziers were facing improved economic prospects and stability following the financial crisis of the previous decade. By this time, John's brother, Johnstone Allingham, had joined the family at Hillgrove and during the 1870s the Allinghams extended their pastoral interests in north Queensland by taking up Kangaroo Hills and Waterview stations. In late 1875 and early 1876, Christopher Allingham also took up a number of selections in the County of Cardwell, including Selection 171 which contains the present homestead site. The selection was approved on 22 January 1876 and comprised a total of . By November 1876, Christopher had returned to New South Wales where he died and the lease to Muralambeen was transferred to John Allingham, who added a further of leasehold land to the original selection in October 1881.
|
|
The firm bought and sold stock and stations throughout Australia and were agents for a raft of insurances to suit rural property owners, including marine, livestock, fire and accident insurance, as well as being the agents for firms handling worker compensation claims. In addition the company was the agent for many specialist companies supplying oil engines, irrigation plants, gas plants, pumps and boilers, portable steam engines, traction engines, road rollers, centrifugal pumps, farm machinery and separators. The firm also merchandised a range of practical products for farmers and graziers, such as fencing wire, gates and steel droppers and was an agent for motor cars such as Daimler, Austin and Rover and Halley and Lacre commercial lorries. In the mid 1920s Dalgety & Co. were agents for two shipping lines - the Aberdeen and White Star - and at Townsville was the booking agent with these lines for domestic passages south to Brisbane and Sydney and overseas to England.
|
|
The grazing properties surrounding Lake Galilee manage grazing pressure through stocking rates. Some fencing has been erected and alternative watering points have been placed adjacent to the lake to provide better quality water for stock and reduce trampling impacts at the lake edge. Fencing of the whole lake area at this stage is not considered an economic proposition or a high priority for protection of the ecological values of the area; especially given the saline nature of the water and its corrosive effect on fencing materials. Grazing management practices are already promoted in the Desert Uplands via a number of initiatives including a group of graziers using the International Standards for Environmental Management (ISO 14001) and a Natural Heritage Trust project sponsored through the Desert Uplands Development and Build-up Strategy group promoting on-ground nature conservation. Other management actions carried out by the ‘Friends of Lake Galilee’ include signage for a tourist information centre (to control public access to the lake from stock route adjacent to Hazelmere Station); construction of bollards; a parking area; an information shelter and erosion control work.
|
|
From heaven to hell in one easy walk - National - www.smh.com.au Harris Street is named in his honour.The Book of Sydney Suburbs, Compiled by Frances Pollen, Angus & Robertson Publishers, 1990, Published in Australia , page 257 The area remained as farmland, in possession of the Harris family, until it was subdivided in 1859. At that time, most of the current streets were laid out, and the descendants of John Harris constructed the first residences in the area (at least one of which-a row of terraces in Wattle Street-was still owned by the family in the early 1980s). Farmers and Graziers warehouse in Wattle Street, a typical example of the Federation Warehouse style Residential development accelerated in the 1880s. In 1891 the population of the Pyrmont-Ultimo area was 19,177, in 3,966 dwellings. The population peaked at around 30,000 in 1900. However, the construction of factories, quarries, woolstores and a power station in the early 20th century saw the demolition of hundreds of houses, and a steady decline in population.
|
|
This enabled lessees to obtain plots of up to at a reasonable cost. Spiller and John Crees selected two blocks that became the Pioneer Plantation and built a primitive mill. T H Fitzgerald began a commercial plantation, Alexandra, in 1866 and with J Ewen Davidson set up a steam-powered mill that produced of sugar in 1868. With these facilities a sugar boom began: small growers brought their cane for crushing to the Alexandra mill and acreage under cane expanded rapidly. Cane growers pushed back the graziers and by 1870 five mills were established. By 1872 Mackay mills produced 40 per cent of the total Queensland sugar production and 37 per cent of its rum. Seventeen mills were established along the Pioneer River before 1875, most in 1872 and 1873. Another 12 including Farleigh, Habana, Homebush, and Marian were established between 1881 and 1885, then North Eton and Racecourse in 1888, Plane Creek began at Sarina in 1896 and in 1906 Cattle Creek Mill at Finch Hatton started operations.
|
|