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186 Sentences With "grazed on"

How to use grazed on in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "grazed on" and check conjugation/comparative form for "grazed on". Mastering all the usages of "grazed on" from sentence examples published by news publications.

type: All Declarative Interrogative Exclamative

structure: All Simple Compound Complex Compound-Complex

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It is native to New Zealand and grazed on vegetation.
San Miguel was grazed on the left shoulder by another volley of shots.
Others grazed on the proffered risotto burgers, coconut bacon, and artisanal faux cheese.
He bought 40 cattle that grazed on grass that would have otherwise fed the fire.
Image: Secretariat of ScienceAnalysis of the Bajadasaurus skull and teeth suggests they grazed on low-lying plants.
Several large beef producers agreed to boycott ranchers whose herds grazed on denuded stretches of the Amazon.
The boy was shot in the shoulder, and the girl was grazed on an arm, according to police.
Starting in 1993, Mr. Bundy refused to pay fees or obtain permits for cattle he grazed on public land.
Puck grazed on bits and pieces from various stations, favoring scoops of caviar like any caviar-loving human would.
Before dinner, guests grazed on spiced florets of romanesco and briny Beau Soleil oysters garnished with wild onion flowers.
Its neck was shorter than some other sauropods, and it could have grazed on soft plants with its peg-like teeth.
They stocked their small-scale ecosystems, called mesocosms, with local species of crustaceans and other invertebrates, which grazed on the algae.
The hills sloped toward a majestic fjord, where cows grazed on a grassy meadow and fishermen caught trout under gold-leafed birch trees.
They had peg-like teeth and may have grazed on lower vegetation in what at the time was a warm and wet environment.
Meanwhile, a 19-year-old woman was struck twice in the groin, an 18-year old man was grazed on his back, a 20-year-old man was hit nine times in the leg and shoulder, and a 26-year-old man was grazed on his leg; all four have been hospitalized and at the time of publication were apparently in stable condition.
His grandmother, who was grazed on the head, later found two bullet holes in her hat and five in the hood of her coat.
The losses have wounded a community fascinated and inspired by the famous wild Chincoteague ponies, which have grazed on a Virginia barrier island for centuries.
Leadoff man Berti was grazed on his left elbow for a hit by pitch, and he scored when Anderson's soft fly dropped in shallow center.
About 40 percent of the Western cow herd and about half of the nation's sheep herd are grazed on federal lands, according to the Public Lands Council.
The officer was not injured, but one person was grazed on the head with a bullet and another was hit in the leg during the highway shootings.
Victims, who ranged in age from 21 to 55, were struck in the back, grazed on the head and in one case saved by a bra strap.
But less obvious: A handbag on sale may have been made in Italy, but with the hide of a cow that grazed on land in the Amazon.
The technology could help irrigation systems to turn on at the optimal time of day, or cattle to be grazed on areas that provide the best nutrition.
The driver, a 50-year-old man, was grazed on the neck, and a 50-year-old woman in the back seat was hit in the left shoulder.
A 1946 study in The Australian Veterinary Journal indicated that sheep that grazed on a subterranean, isoflavone-rich clover in Western Australia experienced fertility issues and breeding problems.
In the below instance Saki actually gets grazed on the chin by Anderson Silva's right hand, but gets the trade he wanted to initiate and hooks for the knockout.
For decades, scientists who studied food webs drew lines between species — between wildebeest and the grass they grazed on, for example, and between the wildebeest and the lions that ate them.
The audience, which included Miranda July, Maya Rudolph and the New Yorker writer Susan Orlean (who's a customer), grazed on scallops and vegetable risotto as the chanteuse Justin Vivian Bond serenaded the crowd.
Vox points out that two Americans have been hit by things from space: Lottie Williams in 1997 was grazed on the shoulder, and Ann Hodges was hit in the stomach by a meteor in 1954.
The result was similar to that of a boiled meat broth in which the meat was extremely tender and the flavor was strong, due to the animals having grazed on mountain grass their entire lives.
The Gondwanan rainforests are a living time capsule; home to ancient conifers that sauropods likely grazed on during the Jurassic Period and flowering plants that offer a window into Earth's botanical evolution during the Cretaceous.
"Cooking mackerel overlooking the sea where it was caught or beef that grazed on the pastures just behind—it gives us a visceral pleasure you just don't get from conventional indoor kitchens," he tells me.
Both benches were warned in the first inning by plate umpire Jeff Nelson when Colorado's Charlie Blackmon, the second batter of the game, was grazed on the elbow by a pitch from Cubs starter Jon Lester.
Cows stood on either side of us, and then, as we approached the shore, the cows were replaced by cow-looking rocks, sturdy black lumps that grazed on the hillside like the previous cows' petrified ancestors.
Overqualified with useless degrees, I finally got a teaching job in the Republic of Djibouti, in a remote village surrounded by jagged black rocks, where they raised a few camels, and three stray cows grazed on cardboard.
Instead, the first of the series of three dinners—happening on June 25, August 21, and October 2—will feature meat from a cow that has grazed on Talisein grass and cooked over two charcoal grills set up in the fields.
In the distance, a handful of deer grazed on the sedges and myriad diminutive plants that comprised the tundra beneath their hooves, silhouetted by golden blades of grass, harbingers of the coming year's abundant growing season and long Alaskan summer days.
Inside the lodge, a house band warbled its way through a Fleetwood Mac tune as the bruised and battered grazed on hamburgers and poutine, the gooey morass of potatoes and cheese curds that was born in Quebec and is popular across Canada.
"I was brought in to hyper-focus on the different ways you can prepare greens so you're not always just getting a salad," said Ms. Zolotareva, who, like Mr. Oshima, grazed on watercress and kale as if they were finger foods during the recent tour.
By day's end, you're a shell of your former self: Your hair is greasy, your sweatshirt is covered in bits of the stale tortilla chips you grazed on all day for "lunch," and your back hurts because you've been hunched over your laptop in bed without moving.
Children who ate the most sweets after the meal and threw the biggest tantrums when the treats were taken away had greater odds of gaining excess weight than kids who grazed on salty foods or didn't put up a fuss when their snack was removed, the study found.
Cardinals LF Matt Holliday was in the lineup Friday, one day after being grazed on the nose by a pitch, but went 0-for-7 while Dodgers OF Yasiel Puig made a pinch-hitting appearance after leaving the team's game on Thursday with tightness in his right hamstring. 2.
Sheep are still grazed on the Common. There is also a tiny airfield used for microlight aircraft.
The Waimakariri River is the main location where Olearia adenocarpa occurs, however up to 95% of these plants are predated upon. The main predators for this plant are hare, rabbits, and sheep. This predation has greatly affected the growth patterns of the Olearia adenocarpa, with plants that are grazed on having older branches that are far more slender and short than those that have not been grazed on. This plant species is rare, and with such a small population, heavily grazed on plants are unable to reproduce or flourish.
Sheep are grazed on the reserve to prevent new trees becoming established.The Story of Flanders Moss National Nature Reserve. pp. 22-25.
Crosby, Alfred W. The Columbian Exchange. Westport CT: Greenwood Press 1972. These animals often caused damage to indigenous crops in central Mexico, but outside the zone of intense indigenous settlement and cultivation, cattle and sheep were grazed on land not previously devoted to agriculture. Sheep grazed on previously cultivated land had disastrous environmental consequences, documented in a classic of Mexican environmental history.
Candler named the estate Lullwater Farms. Horses were kept for racing. Cattle grazed on the fields. In 1958, Candler sold the house and land to Emory.
When the shooting stopped, Richardson had been shot in the chest, side, and arm. He was dead. Loving had been grazed on the hand, but was otherwise uninjured.
A post office called Hereford was established in 1894, and remained in operation until 1985. The community was so named for the Hereford cattle which grazed on the prairie.
Saltmarsh ecology. Blackie & Son Ltd, Glasgow. For centuries, livestock such as sheep and cattle grazed on the highly fertile salt marsh land.Andresen, H, Bakker, JP, Brongers, M, Heydemann, B, Irmler, U (1990).
Animals, especially goats, are grazed on the hillsides. Yayladağı has a border crossing into Syria, and the village of Topraktutan, Turkey's southernmost point. The state road (European route ) connects the border checkpoint with Antakya.
In 1837 on Deenish (which at that time was called Dinish) resided three families who mainly lived on the cattle which grazed on the island. 1911 census still reported six people living on the island.
Age at first breeding is 18 months, average liveweight at birth is 4 kg for males and 3.6 kg for females. This is hardy sheep well suited for Mongolian harsh climate, grazed on pastures all year round.
The town was also bisected by the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal from 1770. Today Penkridge is grazed on its eastern side by the M6 motorway, the main route between London and the north-west of England and Glasgow.
Sheep that grazed on the hillside fields around Chesham provided wool for the cloth making and dying cottage industry which, due to the town's proximity to London, thrived until the 18th century when Yorkshire mills out- competed them.
Unpowered model aircraft are also flown from this area, and powered models are flown from the lake floor. Wine grapes are grown along the western edge of the lake, on the escarpment. Sheep are grazed on the lake when it is dry or nearly so.
Juveniles live in shallow areas on intertidal reef flats, while adults prefer atoll reefs along the reef crest or on reef slopes at depths of 0 to 20 m. These gastropods feed on very small plants and filamentous algae grazed on coral and rocks.
The artist based the design on local geographic features (drumlins) and the shape of the surrounding bings. Sheep are grazed on the structure which keeps the grass short. The pyramidal shape of the sculpture gave rise to the name of the nearby Pyramids Business Park.
In the era of American Old West cattle were grazed on open range. Cows would thus give birth in wild or semi-wild conditions. Occasionally calves would fail to be collected in the annual round up and escape branding. More rarely, these would grow into mature animals.
No rabbits were recorded from Middle or West Anacapa. Domestic cats were introduced to Anacapa as pets of the fisherman "Frenchy" after whom Frenchy's Cove on West Island is named. In 1966, there remained a small population. Sheep were grazed on the island for many years.
Caheravoley was built in the early Christian era. It was used as a protected farmstead, as indicated by the name: cathair dhá bhuaile, "circular fort of two milking- places." Cattle were grazed on the surrounding land, then brought into the fort for milking and to protect from thieves.
In 1887 the Government purchased the Waimarino block from the Maori. The first European settlement was at Karioi where sheep were grazed on open tussock land. The Waimarino block proved to be a “pot of gold”. Between 1908 and 1947 it provided 700 million superficial feet of building timber.
Bison are rounded up each fall and the excess numbers sold. Cattle are grazed on . The preserve supports 755 plant species, many unique to the tallgrass prairie, and more than 300 bird species. Forest trees include several species of oak, cottonwoods, ash, red cedar, elm, sycamore, and others.
Formerly, the peak was named Kopa Jaworzyńska or Kopa, and was grazed on, being part of the Królowa Tundra. The slopes of the peak as a result of excess pasturage underwent strong erosion. At present the flora has regrown on the peak, covering it with creeping pine and grassland.
The two-story house was built by Douwe Sjaardema, a contractor from Pella, Iowa. The corn crib was built by the Iowa Concrete Crib & Silo Co. of Des Moines. The farm also includes a former landing strip for airplanes. It featured a grass runway where cows grazed on certain days.
In 1837 only one family lived on Scariff; their main work was to care the cattle which grazed on the island. On the summit of the hill there were remains of an ancient hermitage and, on the east side, ruins of a church. 1911 census does not report any inhabitant for Scariff Island.
In 1862, Griffith's Land Valuation Survey reported that fifteen families formed the lands of Knocknaheeny, Knocknacullen. They paid rent to the Lord of Cork. One family, Forrest, still farms land near Clogheen. Cattle grazed on what is now Harbour View Road and a windmill stood on the site of the present Killala Gardens.
Acting on a tip, on May 16 police surrounded the house Murray was staying in. Murray heard the officers getting into position, and shot and killed deputy sheriff Joseph W. Robinson. In the ensuing gun battle Murray wounded Fernandina Police Chief James Higgenbotham. Although grazed on the wrist and scalp, Murray was able to escape.
As the ice receded, reindeer grazed on the flat lands of Denmark and southernmost Sweden. This was the land of the Ahrensburg culture, tribes who hunted over vast territories and lived in lavvus on the tundra. There was little forest in this region except for arctic white birch and rowan, but the taiga slowly appeared.
For example, hadrosaurs, a group of herbivorous dinosaurs, likely grazed on low-lying vegetation and microwear patterns show that their diet contained an abrasive material, such as grit or silica. Grasses had evolved by the Late Cretaceous, but were not particularly common, so this study concluded that grass probably did not play a major component in the hadrosaur's diet.
These stamps were used to pay for the fee of more than 10 head of cattle allowed to be grazed on crown land. Only seven stamps were issued between 1913 and 1937. All of these were King George V revenue issues overprinted FEE FOR ADDITIONAL STOCK. There are a number of different types of this overprint.
It is also fairly drought tolerant, and tolerates waterlogging well once mature. It is highly favoured by sheep, and recovers well from grazing. Studies have shown that the meat of sheep grazed on river saltbush is high in Vitamin E and has high "consumer appeal". Disadvantages include a low volunteering rate, and difficulties establishing by direct seeding.
During construction, Olmsted laid out hundreds of trees in meticulous patterns around the meadow. Originally, the Long Meadow hosted sports such as archery, croquet, bowling, football, baseball, and tennis. To preserve the meadow's pastoral quality, sheep grazed on the meadow until the 1930s. Today, much of the Long Meadow is used for a variety of purposes.
New methods are being developed to farm more intensively, such as high-yield hybrid crops, greenhouse, autonomous building gardens, and hydroponics. These methods are often dependent on chemical inputs to maintain necessary yields. In cyclic agriculture, cattle are grazed on farm land that is resting and rejuvenating. Cyclic agriculture actually increases the fertility of the soil.
In the ensuing gun battle Murray wounded Fernandina Police Chief James Higgenbotham. Although grazed on the wrist and scalp, Murray was able to escape. Despite the intensive manhunt for him, Murray was able to slip off of Amelia Island to the mainland. The City of Fernandina had now offered a reward for the capture of Murray, "dead or alive".
Retrieved 31 March 2014. Green Lane, on which it situated, is a traditional name for a cattle drove route. Livestock from the west were brought across the River Brent (that is only 50 meters away) on their way to London, for slaughter. The drovers would drink here whilst their animals rested and grazed on the heath.
It served as an attachment site for the muscles that held up their large parascapular spines. These spines would be used for self-defense against predators. They also had wide, flaring hips and thick limbs. They had smaller, narrow beaks than the ankylosaurids, which likely allowed them to be very selective over what plant matter they grazed on.
With no shops and the roads still under development all provisions had to be carried from the town to Midton. The local farm (Holburns' Drumshantie Farm) could provide milk. The cows from the farm grazed on Tower Hill and were known to get into the resident's gardens causing havoc. However, manure supplies were plentiful and free from the farm.
A herd of Exmoor pony foals Sheep have grazed on the moors for more than 3,000 years, shaping much of the Exmoor landscape by feeding on moorland grasses and heather. Traditional breeds include Exmoor Horn, Cheviot and Whiteface Dartmoor and Greyface Dartmoor sheep. North Devon cattle are also farmed in the area. Exmoor ponies can be seen roaming freely on the moors.
Dugdale, p. 499. However, in the first decades of the 14th century the nuns were still poor enough to pursue a convoluted dispute with the vicar of Brewood over who should receive tithes on the wool of animals not owned by them but grazed on their land.Baugh et al. Houses of Benedictine nuns: The priory of Brewood (Black Ladies), note anchor 21.
Kurrajong's orchards also began to decline and many properties were subdivided into smaller acreages. Horses and cows grazed on the paddocks once covered by fruit trees. For a number of years, in October, Kurrajong attracted many visitors to its locally renowned "Scarecrow Festival". The festival has not run for over 2 years due to internal disagreements in the local Scarecrow Festival Committee.
It was built along a major grazing trail to allow for easy monitoring of the thousands of sheep grazed on the lower slopes. Later, in the 1940s, as the amount of grazing decreased, the station housed the Forest Guards responsible for the area. It has been wrapped in protective foil as a precautionary method to shield it from a large wildfire.
It is believed that the entire of Kirinyaga County piece of land belonged to Njega Wa Gioko and his old form of amassed wealth of livestock grazed on the Mwea Plateau. It is not yet well known why the Chief collaborated with the newly arrived white man. This is the raw information as gathered by the facts and narrations from the local residents.
Stroud is known for its involvement in the Industrial Revolution. Hansard 17 June 1997 : Column 185. Retrieved 13 September 2009 It was a cloth town: woollen mills were powered by the small rivers which flow through the five valleys, and supplied from Cotswold sheep which grazed on the hills above. Particularly noteworthy was the production of military uniforms in the colour Stroudwater Scarlet.
53 Some alkaloids can produce developmental defects in the offspring of animals that consume but cannot detoxify the alkaloids. One example is the alkaloid cyclopamine, produced in the leaves of corn lily. During the 1950s, up to 25% of lambs born by sheep that had grazed on corn lily had serious facial deformations. These ranged from deformed jaws to cyclopia (see picture).
Sheep were grazed on part of it. Agricultural students planted an oatfield on part of it.Leflar, Robert A. "The First One Hundred Years: Centennial History of the University of Arkansas," 1972. The Lawn contains the earliest segments of Senior Walk, a concrete walking path that runs throughout the entire campus and contains the name of university graduates from every class since 1875.
In more recent times, up to 5000 head of beef cattle have been grazed on the property. The Central Mill structures gradually fell into disrepair and now comprise one intact chimney and the base of another, remains of structures, vats and tanks and a dam and tramway formation. Several other related sites survive in the Yengarie area, including the Yengarie Sugar Refinery Ruins.
Custer spotted a wooded area along the Yellowstone, about to the West that would be a suitable location for the Stanley column to camp that evening. He dismounted his men in the woods, where they napped and fished in the river. Their horses grazed on the grassy floodplain. Having a premonition of danger, Custer set out two four-man guard patrols.
Over this was carefully fitted a double layer of the sod building blocks. Rain helped the sod to grow and soon the dugout roof was covered with waving grass. Some frontier families found that their cows grazed on their roof, and occasionally had them fall through.Chapter 2: Frontier Homes The floor of the dugout home was of dirt or rough wooden planks.
All genotypes are very tolerant of heavy grazing, where regular grazing is required to maintain quality and minimize diseases/pests. The best height to keep the grass at is between 10–15 cm and 30–40 cm. Thus, if this grass is grazed on time, this crop has great potential for poor farmers who require large yields for their livestock or pasture.
Although the islands are remote and therefore safe from most human activity and pollution, several introduced species of both flora and fauna have damaged the environment. Feral cattle, in particular, grazed on young and regenerating plants and trampled on bird eggs. Five cattle had been brought to Amsterdam in January 1871. They were abandoned later that year and subsequently increased to a wild population of 2,000.
Joyner tied Darryl Strawberry for first place in that year's Home Run Derby. When the Angels met the New York Yankees in a game in August 1986, a fan threw a knife at Joyner. Joyner was grazed on the left arm by the butt end of the weapon, escaping injury. Joyner broke up two no-hit bids in the ninth during the 1986 season.
Kambaku is the Tsonga word for and old bull elephant, a token of great respect for the majestic animal. Like the rest of the Magnificent Seven, Kambaku was always a loner. He was 55 years old when he was in substantial pain from a bullet wound. He was shot near the crossing of the Crocodile River when he grazed on a nearby sugarcane plantation.
In the west of the hamlet, on the parish boundary with Meline, was a woollen factory close to the brook known as Afon Clun-maen which rises in the mountains and flows northwards past a farm now known as Glynmaen. At one time it would have been active at shearing time for the sheep that have been grazed on the unenclosed moorland to the south for centuries.
The cricket pitch The council provides a cricket ground, football pitches, tennis courts and a children's playground. Sheep are grazed on the sides of the valley. The park is also used by the South East Coast Ambulance Service to land helicopters when bringing emergency cases to the Royal Sussex Hospital. In 2016, Prince Andrew flew in by helicopter on his way to visit a local school.
Wolvercote is a village in the City of Oxford on the northern edge of Wolvercote Common. Wolvercote villagers have traditionally had rights on the common: horses and cattle are still grazed on Wolvercote Common and Port Meadow. The Common is part of the flood plain of the river Thames. The common is separated from Wolvercote Green by the Cotswold Line railway (which forms the Common's eastern boundary) and the Oxford Canal.
Koltur () is an island in the Faroe Islands, located to the west of Streymoy and to the north-west of Hestur. The name 'Koltur' means 'colt', in contrast with the name of the larger island to the south-east, 'Hestur', which means 'horse'.en.m.wiktionary.org The island has just one settlement, Koltur. It was abandoned in the 1980s by the sheep-farmers whose flocks grazed on the southern part of the island.
Also, Pleistocene Florida had a greater diversity of terrestrial vertebrates than any other place and time in North American history. At the time, the local sea level began to rise and fall along with the amount of water tied up in the glaciers covering the northern part of the continent. When the sea would withdraw savannas formed. Herds of American mastodon and Mammuthus floridanus browsed and grazed on the local foliage.
Local moorland sheep - the Heidschnucken - are grazed on the heath in order to maintain it. This method is supplemented by mechanical measures such as mowing, or the cutting of turves, a method known as Plaggen, and the controlled use of burning during the winter months. These measures ensure the necessary rejuvenation of the heather. The incursion of pine trees has to be held at bay by regular cutting back (Entkusselung).
Geese rearing was once an important local activity, and a goose is still one of the village symbols. Horses and cattle are still grazed on Wolvercote Common and Port Meadow. Bridge and narrowboats on the Oxford Canal near the Plough Inn. In 1789 the Oxford Canal divided the village into two parts, and in 1846 the Oxford and Rugby Railway was built beside the canal through the village.
Holmesina is a genus of pampathere, an extinct group of armadillo-like creatures that were distantly related to extant armadillos. Like armadillos, and unlike the other extinct branch of megafaunal cingulates, the glyptodonts, the shell was made up of flexible plates which allowed the animal to move more easily. Holmesina species were herbivores that grazed on coarse vegetation; armadillos are mostly insectivorous or omnivorous. Holmesina occidentalis Life reconstruction of Holmesina floridanus.
The cave is known to contain 69 species, among them leeches, spiders and a water scorpion. Of these, 33 are endemic. The food chain is based on chemosynthesis in the form of methane- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, which in turn release nutrients for fungi and other bacteria. This forms microbial mats on the cave walls and the surface of lakes and ponds which are grazed on by some of the animals.
If the taxes were manifold and high, more burdensome still was the unfree labour also laid down in the Weistum. The lord's livestock grazed on the “Herrenwasem”. Parts of this field were also laid out as a cropfield. It was the lord who reaped the field's yield, but the peasant was the one who did all the unpaid work. The same was true over at the “Herrenberg”, the lord's vineyards.
Many of the reserves can be found on roads that were laid down centuries ago and their routes have changed very little. In the past, farmers and local people would use the verges to crop hay to feed their animals, who were also grazed on these verges as they were moved around the countryside. These practices produced a rich, bio-diverse grassland, that still exists on these verges.
Once established, these trees spread by suckering, thus creating a new aspen groves. White-tailed deer finds shelter in the aspen and graze on the grasslands; coyotes and foxes hunt the resident rodents. Historically, bison grazed on the grassland and helped to prevent the spread of aspen groves. However, bison are now mostly absent due to over hunting during settlement in the 19th century and extensive loss of habitat due to agriculture.
These were fully marine like the whales, and likewise show primitive features not seen in modern species and possess teeth that suggest that they grazed on seagrasses and other marine plants. Bones of the primitive elephant Moeritherium have also been recorded. Wadi Al-Hitan (Whale Valley) is unusual in having such a large concentration of fossil whales (1500 marine vertebrate fossil skeletons) in a relatively small area. (Whales, sea cows crocodiles and sharks).
Mudflats and marshes afford birds a safe and undisturbed location for feeding, resting and breeding. There are also a variety of insects, marine organisms and small mammals that find habitat on this island. Many grasses and wildflowers populate the upland portion of the island, in addition to marsh grasses in the intertidal zone. Besides the indigenous wildlife there are sheep which are grazed on the island and along part of the causeway.
Osbornoceros is an extinct artiodactyl genus of the family Antilocapridae.Owen 2006 The holotype specimen of Osbornoceros was discovered in 1937 and many more were found nearby during further expeditions.Galusha and Blick 1971 Osbornoceros was strikingly similar to today's pronghorn; it was lightly built and had a series of small horns that protruded from its skull. It was, like its relatives, a quadruped herbivore and grazed on the grassy plains of its time.
This is particularly likely to be true for the definition of mutualism adopted here, where herbivory can paradoxically be mutualistic, for example in a situation where a plant overcompensates by producing more biomass when grazed on. Therefore, any species identified as particularly important to conserve will probably have mutualistic partners. It is beyond the purview of this article to discuss all these mutualisms, so the focus will be on specifically animal- plant mutualisms.
The English yew tree was long known to be extremely and immediately toxic to animals that grazed on its leaves or children who ate its berries; however, in 1971, paclitaxel was isolated from it, subsequently becoming an important cancer drug. As of 2017, the biological activities for most phytochemicals are unknown or poorly understood, in isolation or as part of foods. Phytochemicals with established roles in the body are classified as essential nutrients.
32 as those associated with Mission San Gabriel were called Gabrielinos. As the 19th century dawned, 541 Indians did the heavy work of the Mission San Fernando, tending the livestock and working the farmlands watered by irrigation from the mission's wells. The mission was famed for its red wine, and also grew pomegranates, figs and olives. By 1826, 56,000 longhorn cattle and 1,500 horses grazed on the mission lands of the valley floor.
This area was shaped by frequent wildfires and visits by plains bison. Large fires ignited by lightning frequently swept the area, clearing shrubs and stimulating forbs and grasses. Large herds of bison also grazed on the grasses, and they trampled and fertilized the soil, stimulating the growth of the tallgrass ecosystem. Hunter-gatherers contributed to the formation and expansion of the prairie through controlled burns to make more land suitable for hunting bison and other game.
When the shooting stopped, Richardson had been shot in the chest, the side, and the arm. Loving was grazed on the hand by one bullet, but otherwise was uninjured. Town Marshal Charlie Bassett quickly responded, having heard the shots, but his Deputy Marshal Duffey arrived first, taking hold of Richardson, just before he crumpled to the floor. No one else in the saloon was injured, and Loving was arrested per standard procedure in such a case.
The Swanston Ranch area included a dairy, cattle ranch, and meat packing plant situated next to the railroad tracks near Arden Way. Sheep grazed on the land now belonging to Cal Expo. The Sears, Roebuck & Co. acquired a portion of the land along Arden Way in the early 1950s and for many years was the main store in the area that would eventually become Arden Fair Mall. This is a very diverse neighborhood with a rich history.
On 17 September 2006, James and four other Duquesne teammates Sam Ashaolu, Stuart Baldonado, Aaron Jackson and Kojo Mensah were the victims of an unprovoked shooting on the university's Pittsburgh campus. Ashaolu was shot in the head and neck, Mensah in the shoulder and arm, Baldonado through his back into his elbow, James in his left foot whilst Jackson was only grazed on the wrist by a bullet.Katz, Andy "James: Woman, boyfriend argued before shootings."ESPN, 21 September 2006.
President William Howard Taft's cow, Pauline, in front of the Navy Building, which is known today as the Eisenhower Executive Office Building Perhaps the most famous Holstein was Pauline Wayne, which served from 1910 to 1913 as the official presidential pet to the 27th President of the United States, William Howard Taft. Pauline Wayne lived and grazed on the White House lawn and provided milk for the first family. Pauline Wayne was the last presidential pet cow.
The California Coastal Commission considers Miller Creek a Critical Coastal Area because it is an impaired water body (listed under Section 303(d) of the U.S. Clean Water Act) which adjoins the San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge. Livestock have grazed on the watershed since the 1800s, causing widening and downcutting of the creek. It continues to carry a heavy load of sediment from grazing activity, and its lower reaches are also impacted by suburban development.
267–275 Heliograph and dispatch riders consequently had to make hazardous journeys through Boer lines to the Orange River and then to Cape Town and Port Elizabeth. On 15 October, martial law was declared in the town.Lewis, p. 269 The cattle that usually grazed on the outskirts of the town presented a problem; if they were left, they would be lost to the Boers, but if they were slaughtered, the meat would perish quickly in the summer heat.
The Chico Basin Ranch is owned by the Colorado State Land Board. The Colorado State Land Board was founded in 1876 to manage land given by the federal government to the state and creates revenue for some of the state’s foundations and public education. The Chico Basin Ranch is overseen by the part of the Colorado State Land Board that leases out agricultural farm land. Cattle first grazed on Chico Basin lands in the mid-1800s.
In 1879 the Barambah Divisional Board was formed, and its office was built in Nanango in 1883. The 1884 Agricultural Lands Purchase Act aided in the resumption of part of Nanango Station for selection by farmers, who produced wheat and butter for the local market. Timber getting was also an industry in the area. Initially, local farmers kept a few cows for domestic purposes, and town dwellers paid a fee to have a house cow that could be grazed on the town common.
Aerial view from 400 m by Walter Mittelholzer (1923) Flims is first mentioned in 765 as Fleme. Into the 1990s, Flims dairymen delivered their milk to a dairy store in town from which villagers collected their raw or pasteurized milk daily. The location of the store is now being used as tourist information centre and the milk is being treated elsewhere. The small, quiet village was traditionally a winter home for dairymen whose animals grazed on the lush green slopes of summer.
Environmental and economic factors led to varying stock numbers over the years. In the late 1950s only 60,000 head of sheep were grazed on the station, but by the 1990s stock numbers had risen to 100,000, due in part to the acquisition of surrounding properties. Stock levels eventually declined as the current owners moved toward cattle grazing. As sheep numbers fell, the shearing season became smaller and the final clip was made in May 2004 with less than 30,000 sheep.
From far off, the intricate stone walls resemble the famous Pag lace (paška čipka) as they traverse the rocky summits. Historically, there was no private ownership of the pastures and the sheep freely grazed on all the land. Over time, the pastures slowly became privately owned, so the shepherds moved back into towns and their stone huts became pasture homes. As shepherds commuted to and from pastures to care for their sheep, the women assumed the role of cheese makers.
The island was being used by settlers to graze sheep and collect wood since before 1896 with goods being transported to Esperance for sale. Sheep continued to be grazed on the island until 1954 when the Recherche Archipelago was declared a Nature Reserve. Woody Island is the only island of the archipelago that is open to visitors, it is accessible by daily island cruises and has accommodation available. Tour operator, Dan MacKenzie, was granted permission to land passengers on the island in 1973.
Ashill was originally called Asleigh,Ashill review which meant a clearing in the Ash wood. The parish church of St Nicholas dates from the 14th century and stands close to the group of houses that form the oldest part of the village. The village centres on the green and a duck pond. Drovers travelling to Swaffham market would stay overnight on the green, using a shed as accommodation, whilst their cattle grazed on the green and drank from the pond.
On September 17, 2006, Jackson and four other Duquesne teammates Sam Ashaolu, Stuart Baldonado, Shawn James and Kojo Mensah were the victims of an unprovoked shooting on the university's Pittsburgh campus. Ashaolu was shot in the head and neck, Mensah in the shoulder and arm, Baldonado through his back into his elbow, James in his left foot whilst Jackson was only grazed on the wrist by a bullet. He later carried the injured Baldonado to his car and drove him to hospital.Harlan, Chico.
Kimberella dwelt in shallow waters (up to tens of meters in depth), sharing the calm, well- oxygenated sea floor with photosynthetic organisms and microbial mats. Assemblages bearing Kimberella often also bear fossils of Andiva, Yorgia, Dickinsonia, Tribrachidium and Charniodiscus, suggesting that it lived alongside these organisms. Kimberella probably grazed on microbial mats, but a selective predatory habit cannot be ruled out. Fedonkin reckons that as it ate, it moved "backwards"; the trail thus created was destroyed by the subsequent grazing activity.
The initial encounter left Perry simply grazed on the ankle by a bullet, but by the second he suffered more serious wounds that injured his Achilles tendon. After being captured in the third encounter, he was court-martialed for murder and convicted, being sentenced to death on September 4, 1944.Koerner, Brendan I. The Greatest Manhunt of World War II. Slate Magazine, March 29, 2008. He was finally captured in Assam on March 9, 1945, and his death sentence—by hanging—was carried out on March 15.
Entrances to the center of the plaza were limited. It is believed that La Loma was settled between 1795 when most Spanish settlers left the protection of the fortified Taos Pueblo to settle in land that is now the town of Taos and before 1846 when New Mexico became a United States provisional government and fortified settlements were less important. Water was generally supplied by wells. Residents had chickens, pigs, cows and horses that grazed on pastureland between La Loma and the Taos Plaza.
The Plains Apache inhabited the Texas Panhandle until they were displaced by the Comanche who dominated the area until the 1870s. The Comanche hunted the large herds of buffalo, which grazed on the prairie. In the Red River War of 1874-75, United States Army troops led by Ranald S. Mackenzie drove out the Comanches. Simultaneously, buffalo hunters killed the large herds in the area, destroying the food supply and livelihood of the Plains tribes, making way for permanent settlement by Anglo-Americans and other whites.
The king opened the park to the public and used the area to entertain guests and mistresses, such as Nell Gwyn. The park became notorious at the time as a meeting place for impromptu acts of lechery, as described by John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester in his poem "A Ramble in St James's Park". In the late 17th and early 18th centuries cows grazed on the park, and milk could be bought fresh at the "Lactarian", described by Zacharias Conrad von Uffenbach in 1710.
On occasion the members of the Warrington rowing club can be seen using the Mersey. Rare breed longhorn Cattle are grazed on the site during the summer months and they play a vital role in keeping the grass short, which in turn encourages ground nesting birds such as skylark. A wild flower meadow has been created on one of the fields. The site attracts flocks of fieldfares and redwings, which feed on the berries of some of the oldest hawthorn hedges in the Cheshire area.
During this period, tennis parties were regular feature of life at Tighnabruaich. At this time there was also a move to put the large grounds were put to some commercial use. Dairy cattle were grazed on part of the land and part of the basement of the house was given over to a milking-parlour and dairy. However, as the family grew up, even the house exceeded requirements and they moved out of the main house, to Witton House, newly located on the estate.
Gravel was once dug on it and this led to the formation of ponds and bog hollows. Cattle were grazed on it until the 1940s and the army used it for manoeuvres during the Second World War. Rowley Green was obtained as public open space in 1934 when Barnet Urban District Council bought the land from the Lord of the Manor. It was declared a Local Nature Reserve by the London Borough of Barnet in 1991, the first site in the borough to gain this status.
The Cathedral Valley Corral was constructed around 1900 by local cattlemen in the northern portion of what is now Capitol Reef National Park in Utah. It is one of the oldest examples of ranching use in the park. It coincided with a change in the use of the land, where cattle were grazed on the open range and collected into corrals for branding, vaccination and other procedures. The extensive use of open-range grazing practices led to the de-vegetation of portions of the area.
In contrast to a flexible lower jaw joint prevalent in today's mammals, hadrosaurs had a unique hinge between the upper jaws and the rest of its skull. The team found the dinosaur's upper jaws pushed outwards and sideways while chewing, as the lower jaw slid against the upper teeth. The study also concluded that hadrosaurs likely grazed on horsetails and vegetation close to the ground, rather than browsing higher- growing leaves and twigs. However, Purnell said these conclusions were less secure than the more conclusive evidence regarding the motion of teeth while chewing.
Cattle and other livestock were also grazed on the meadow, heath and other marginal land around the fens. This removed any invading species, prevented ecological succession from occurring and preserved the diversity of the fenland. However, with the industrialisation of farming and the wider use of fossil fuels the traditional use and management of the Fen began to decline. In 1954 Redgrave and Lopham Fens was given the status as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) due to the nationally important presence of the fen raft spider and the diversity of its fenland.
They will infrequently take plankton and surface insects and, in Shasta Reservoir they were recorded feeding on cladocerans. Hardheads of less than mainly prey on benthic invertebrates, in particular the larvae of mayflies and caddis flies, as well as small snails. Larger fish grazed on filamentous algae, as well as preying on crayfish and other large invertebrates. As the fish mature their tooth structure changes; the juveniles have hooked teeth for catching insects and as they mature they develop more molar-like crushing teeth better adapted to grind plant material and larger invertebrates.
Before the draining of the Fens was completed, animals were grazed on the common land and were marked to identify their owners; this was also the case with swans, which were usually marked on their bills. The riverside location and fertile soils surrounding Wisbech allowed the town to flourish. A thriving pipe making business was being carried out in the town by Amy White in the 1740s. Soapmaking was also taking place in the 1740s A number of breweries existed in the town; the last one remaining is Elgood's on the North Brink.
One well known species is the Carline Thistle which is rare at these latitudes and has been adopted for the coat of arms of Egenhausen. On its western slopes the Kapf transitions into bunter sandstone; otherwise it consists mainly of grey-blue to green-brown Muschelkalk soils which form the basis for juniper heaths, rough pasture, clearance cairns and small quarries. Even in 1860, Rauhbastard sheep were grazed on the gentian grasslands of the parish of Egenhausen. The Egenhäuser Kapf is home to the Kapf Evangelical Sport and Recreation Centre.
The German Whiteheaded Mutton is a dual-use sheep and is used for both the production of wool and meat. In Germany, the German Whitehead Mutton is commonly grazed along the grassy areas of the North Sea dikes, where they both are fattened off the grass and help to solidify the dikes by trampling and compacting the earth they graze on. In the winter, the sheep are moved behind the dikes and often are grazed on harvested cropland. The German Whiteheaded Mutton has also been utilized for its genetics.
In contrast to a flexible lower jaw joint prevalent in today's mammals, hadrosaurs had a unique hinge between the upper jaws and the rest of its skull. The team found the dinosaur's upper jaws pushed outwards and sideways while chewing, as the lower jaw slid against the upper teeth. The study also found that hadrosaurs likely grazed on horsetails and vegetation close to the ground, rather than browsing higher-growing leaves and twigs. However, Purnell said these conclusions were less secure than the more conclusive evidence regarding the motion of teeth while chewing.
The Rattlesnake stratum has fossils of mastodons, camels, rhinoceroses, the ancestors of dogs, lions, bears, and horses, and others that grazed on the grasslands of the time. Two fossilized teeth found recently in the Rattlesnake stratum near Dayville are the earliest record of beaver, Castor californicus, in North America. The beaver teeth, which are about 7 million years old, have been scheduled for display at the Condon Center. Fossil preparation in the laboratory at the Condon Center The monument contains extensive deposits of well-preserved fossils from various periods spanning more than 40 million years.
The River Bulbourne flows through the meadows which have formed the core of the Box Moor Trust land since 1581. This photograph shows the Bulbourne before the River restoration project was undertaken. The Trust has a herd of Belted Galloways, as well as a flock of sheep which is made up of Charollais, Norfolk Horns and Ryelands. The horses and ponies that graze Harding's Moor and Station Moor during the summer months are not owned by the Trust, but are grazed on the Trust land by local graziers via the use of pasture tickets.
It is degraded in soil and water mainly by microbes. Picloram has very little tendency to accumulate in aquatic life. Gardeners who use dung as fertilizer should check to make certain that the animal source has not grazed on picloram-treated hay, as the dung still has broadleaf-killing potency.Use Caution When Harvesting and Feeding Ditch Hay , U. Minnesota Extension In regards to occupational exposures, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has established a permissible exposure limit of 15 mg/m3 total exposure and 5 mg/m3 for respiratory exposure, over an eight-hour workshift.
The young branches and berries are browsed by stock and frequently grazed on by wild goats. When it is flowering during November and December, the warrior bush attracts clouds of black and white migratory caper white butterflies, and their larvae frequently cause much damage. The sight of these butterflies encompassing this harsh shrub is an unusual image for a species which in a sense has no foliage to speak of. The timber of the warrior bush is surprisingly dense and close grained with a very fine medullary ray making this species highly drought resistant.
Like many seagrass ecosystems, V. americana beds provide a rich abundance of prey as food for other species, and is a refuge for many species, including commercial, recreational, endangered and invasive organisms, and also acts as a nursery for fishery species. Beds of V. americana, especially in Louisiana, have been known to be homes to many crustacean, gastropods, invertebrates and fish, and have been known to be grazed on by West Indian Manatees. The beds of V. americana are great at stabilizing sediment and shorelines, facilitating detrital food webs, and improving water quality by filtering the surrounding water.
The earliest terrestrial eukaryotes may have been lichen fungi about 1.3 Ga, which grazed on the microbial mats. Abundant eukaryotic microfossils from the freshwater Scottish Torridon Group seems to indicate eukaryotic dominance in non-marine habitats by 1 Gya, probably due to increased nutrient availability in areas closer to the continents and continental runoff. These lichen may have later facilitated plant colonization 0.75 Gya in some manner. A massive increase in terrestrial photosynthetic biomass seems to have occurred about 0.85 Gya, indicated by a flux in terrestrially-sourced carbon, which may have increased oxygen levels enough to support an expansion of multicellular eukaryotes.
In 1965 Finchley borough became part of the London Borough of Barnet, which thus acquired the site. It was open to the public and for many years horses grazed on it, until the 1980s when it was closed for roadworks. In 1999 the council decided to sell it for housing, but the decision was overturned in 2006 following a public campaign to keep it as open space, and in 2009 the Trust was granted a 25-year lease. Under a management plan agreed with the council, the site is managed to protect its wildlife value and maintain and enhance its biodiversity.
However, studies have shown that the center of mass of Diplodocus was very close to the hip socket; this means that Diplodocus could rear up into a bipedal posture with relatively little effort. It also had the advantage of using its large tail as a 'prop' which would allow for a very stable tripodal posture. In a tripodal posture Diplodocus could potentially increase its feeding height up to about . The neck's range of movement would have also allowed the head to graze below the level of the body, leading some scientists to speculate on whether Diplodocus grazed on submerged water plants, from riverbanks.
He ruled for thirty years until he was driven from the throne by Art's son Cormac after he gave a false judgement on Bennaid, a female hospitaller, whose sheep had illegally grazed on the queen's woad. He fled to Munster to seek help from his relatives. He attempted to make his peace with his foster-father, Ailill Aulom, but Ailill had not forgiven him for the death of his son Éogan Mór, and bit him with a poisoned tooth when they embraced. He then sent the poet Ferches mac Commáin after Lugaid to take revenge for Éogan.
Train at Waiouru Railway Station circa 1930s The railway arrived in 1907, but by then not much wool was being sent out, as overgrazing by sheep had led to a plague of rabbits. By the 1930s no sheep at all could be grazed on the Waiouru sheep station. In 1939 most of the leasehold Waiouru sheep station land was taken by the Government for the Army Camp. About 1904, Alfred Peters set up a post office, store and an accommodation house for travelers at Waiouru and for the 500 men who were digging the huge railway cuttings 1 km west of Waiouru.
Fifty to 70 shots were fired in the car park of the Kings Head Tavern in Hurstville at 3:15 pm, narrowly missing bystanders. Two unidentified gunmen opened fire on El-Zeyat, Aouad and a friend as they left the tavern; the friend was grazed on the leg by a bullet. El-Zeyat and Aouad returned fire; their assailants escaped, and El-Zeyat and Aouad were arrested at the scene. A 9mm Glock found in a skip near the tavern was one of the weapons which had been stolen from Obliging Security about three months earlier.
Holonematidae is an extinct family of relatively large arthrodire placoderms from the Early to Late Devonian. Almost all fossil specimens are of armor fragments, though, all have distinctive ornamentation, often of unique arrangements and patterns of tubercles, that are diagnostic of the family. The trunkshield is very elongated, giving the armor an overall "barrel" like appearance. Due to pebbles found inside articulated specimens of the Frasnian species, Holonema westolli, holonematids are thought to have been specialized herbivores that grazed on a form of horn-shaped, stony algae called "onycholite," snipping off the tips with their odd snouts.
The crescent nail-tail wallaby, also known as the worong (Onychogalea lunata), is a small species of marsupial that grazed on grasses in the scrub and woodlands of southwestern and central Australia. They were common in Western Australia before they disappeared in the early 20th century and persisted in the central deserts until at least the 1950s. The pelage was soft and silky and an ashen grey colouring overall, highlighted in part with rufous tones. There were light and dark patches of fur across the body, the moon-like crescents inspiring their names, and had attractive stripes on the face.
One of two different giant tortoise species which were endemic to Mauritius, this saddle-backed species seems to have specialised in browsing higher bushes and low-hanging branches of trees. Its lower, flatter sister species grazed on grass, as well as fallen leaves and fruit on forest floors. Although similarly sized, the two species differed substantially in their body shape and bone structure. This species in particular seems to have been the ancestor of all the other four species of Cylindraspis giant tortoise of the Mascarene Islands, and to have accidentally drifted to the surrounding islands of Reunion and Rodrigues in order to do so.
Dairying takes place on improved pasture in lowland areas and beef cattle and sheep are grazed on the uplands and more marginal land. Much of the land at higher elevations is extensive sheepwalk country and is grazed by hardy Welsh Mountain sheep that roam at will. As with other parts of the United Kingdom, farming has been under great pressure, leading to declines in the number of people employed on the land, the amalgamation of holdings and an increase in part-time farming. Farmhouses have been used for bed-and-breakfast or converted into self-catering accommodation, and farmers have diversified into tourism-related and other activities.
The suburb spreads across wholly flat land which before the arrival of the first European colonists in the 1850s consisted of streams running into marshland between weathered and grassy sand dunes. Sheep and dairy cattle began to be grazed on the land within a few years of the colonists' arrival, the area being part of the Sandhills station. Land began to be bought by families of small farmers from 1863 onwards, and during the rest of the 19th century the future suburb was a district of market gardens, dairy farms and small grazing farms divided by hedgerows. A farmhouse and stables could be found along the roads every few hundred metres.
The injured included a 5-year-old boy, Benjamin Kadish, who was hit in the abdomen and leg, losing 50 percent of his blood; two 6-year-old boys, Joshua Stepakoff and James Zidell, a 16-year-old girl, Mindy Finkelstein, who was hit in her right thigh and shin; and 68-year-old receptionist Isabelle Shalometh, who was grazed on the arm and back. Joseph Ileto died of multiple gunshot wounds to the chest and one to the back of the head. He was found dead in a driveway. At Ileto's funeral, messages of condolence from numerous politicians were read by Congressman Brad Sherman.
Kecskemét gradually absorbed the lands of those who had taken refuge in the town. Residents created a large common field for the animals they were breeding. By the beginning of the 18th century, residents held nearly 30,000 cattle, which grazed on an almost field. At the end of the 18th century, animal breeding started to decline in economic importance, as the fields had become overgrazed and denuded. It took nearly 100 years before the region developed its next major agricultural commodity. In the 19th century, Kecskemét was already part of an important wine district, but the city increased in importance after the vine-pest destroyed most vineyards in the hilly regions.
The reduction in water flow has affected landholders who traditionally grazed on wetlands and floodplains and in areas where the waters from the river were used to supplement stock drinking water and for minor watering of pasture and small areas of crops. It also reduced or stopped periodical flushes of water into ephemeral creeks, watercourses and wetlands in the Gingham, Lower Gwydir and Mallowa and other smaller systems. These conflicts resulted in the establishment of the Gwydir Regulated River Management Committee in 1997 and then the Gwydir Environmental Contingency Allowance Operation Advisory Committee when the Gwydir Water Sharing Plan came into effect on 1 July 2004.
In 1989, the Whitehorse Ranch voluntarily removed its livestock from of its Whitehorse Butte grazing allotment and two other mountain pastures for a period of three years to prevent over grazing and allow watershed and riparian areas to recover from past grazing. The Trout Creek Mountain Working Group finally agreed on a long-term environmental sustainment plan in 1992. As part of that agreement, the Whitehorse Ranch agreed to reduce the number of its cattle that grazed on public lands from 3,500 to 800."About the Trout Creek Mountain Working Group", The Aurora Project, Bureau of Land Management, United States Department of Interior, Prineville, Oregon, 15 April 2000.
The focus of many of these works produced by visiting Northern artists was on current state of the Roman Forum, known locally as the "Campo Vaccino", or "cow field", due to the livestock who grazed on the largely ignored section of the city. Claude Lorrain's 1636 Campo Vaccino shows the extent to which the building in the forum were buried under sediment. From about 1740 to his death in 1772, the artist Giovanni Battista Piranesi worked on a series of 135 etchings depicting 18th-century Rome. Renowned British artist J.M.W. Turner painted Modern Rome – Campo Vaccino in 1839, following his final trip to the city.
In October added to the land by buying lots 12-17 of Section 4, part of the subdivision of Hutchinson's former grant. This gave Kelvin access to Clyde Road to the east, later known as Badgery's Creek Road. In 1918 Hugh Peter MacDonald, grazier of Yandra, Nimmitabel, bought Kelvin, transferring title to Lorna Jessie MacDonald, spinster, in 1921. Later records indicate that sheep were grazed on the property. From 19 March 1942 to 28 February 1945 370 acres of the 1320 acre property was leased by Lorna MacDonald to the Commonwealth Government, converted for use as a "Dispersal Aerodrome", for National Security Regulations by the RAAF.
Its imposter, a species of blenny, lives in the Indian Ocean—and not only looks like it in terms of size and coloration, but even mimics the cleaner's "dance". Having fooled its prey into letting its guard down, it then bites it, tearing off a piece of its fin before fleeing. Fish grazed on in this fashion soon learn to distinguish mimic from model, but because the similarity is close between the two they become much more cautious of the model as well, so both are affected. Due to victims' ability to discriminate between foe and helper, the blennies have evolved close similarity, right down to the regional level.
Indeterminate bones from small ornithopods, as well as part of the tail of a large ornithopod, were mixed in with the remains of Mierasaurus as well. A large allosauroid theropod is represented by teeth, and a new species of polacanthine ankylosaurian has also been found. Non-dinosaurs are represented by skull fragments and teeth from possibly goniopholididae crocodyliforms, as well as shell fragments of a turtle similar to Naomichelys. The area was a waterlogged bog-like environment, judging by the plastic deformation of the bones, the presence of horizontal root systems, and the better-preserved condition of the top surfaces of the bones (which suggests that invertebrates grazed on the bottom surfaces).
The Pettengills' dairy cattle grazed on the marsh grasses until milk distributors deemed that their end product was too salty for consumption. Pettengill's son, Wallace,Wallace Martin Pettengill and sleigh, Freeport, ca. 1920 - Maine Memory Network and daughter-in-law, Adelaide, lived on the property, where they raised three children — Ethel, Frank and Mildred.Mildred, Ethel and Frank Pettengill, Freeport, ca. 1890 - Maine Memory Network Ethel died at age 16 or 17.A photo of Pettengill family members and friends in front of the house in the 1920s - Freeport Historical Society's Instagram post, September 12, 2019 After Wallace's death in 1925, the two remaining children, Frank and Mildred, carried on the farm, along with their dog, Trixie.
In the Pantanal, habitat loss is largely contributed to the creations of pastures for cattle, while in many other regions, it is the result of clearing land for colonization. Similarly, large areas of habitat in Amazonia have been lost for cattle ranching and hydroelectric power schemes on the Tocantins and Xingu Rivers. Many young manduvi trees are then being grazed on by cattle or burnt by fire, and the Gerias is speedily being converted to land for mechanized agriculture, cattle ranching, and exotic tree plantations. Annual grass fires set by farmers destroy a number of nest trees, and the rise of agriculture and plantations has made habitats formerly populated by the macaws unsuitable to maintain their livelihoods.
Starting in the second century AD, much of southern Sweden's agricultural land was parcelled up with low stone walls. They divided the land into permanent infields and meadows for winter fodder on one side of the wall, and wooded outland where the cattle was grazed on the other side. This principle of landscape organisation survived into the nineteenth century AD. Hillforts, most of them simple structures on peripheral mountaintops designed as refuges at times of attack, became common toward the end of the Roman Period. War booty finds from western Denmark suggest that warriors from coastal areas of modern Sweden participated in large-scale seaborne raids upon that area and were sometimes soundly defeated.
The Review of Arts, Literature, Philosophy and the Humanities In the English lexicon, the Germanic word "brand" originally meant anything hot or burning, such as a fire-brand, a burning stick. By the European Middle Ages it commonly identified the process of burning a mark into a stock animals with thick hides, such as cattle, so as to identify ownership under animus revertendi. In England, the rights of common including the common pasture system meant that cattle could be grazed on certain land with commoner's rights and the cattle were branded to show ownership, often with the commoner's or Lord of the manor's mark. The practice was widespread in most European nations with large cattle grazing regions, including Spain.
Vinson realized the island's tree populations were unstable after the unusually frequent cyclones, and this was exacerbated by the introduced goats and rabbits that grazed on the new growth, which would have replaced the fallen trees. Without the trees to populate and cover the land, Round Island's top soil could easily be eroded by wind or rain, effectively making it an ecological wasteland. With this in mind, Vinson made it clear that eradicating the invasive rabbits and goats was paramount to ensuring the long-term survival of the Round Island flora and fauna. To bring this to fruition, "...he toured international conservation bodies in 1964, and submitted a special report to the IUCN in 1965".
The fenodyree is reputed to collect the sheep for the shepherd when there is a storm, as sung in verse. Another tale describes the Fenodyree doing the farmer's work of rounding up the wethers (gelded ram sheep) that grazed on Snaefell (mountain) and bringing them into the pen; in the process, the fairy mistakenly brought in a hare which he mistook for a little ram. A rendition of this is incorporated into the story cobbled together published as "The Fynoderee of Gordon" by Sophia Morrison, where the fairy herds the sheep into a "cogee house" (a weaving house "cogee house", Vocabulary, p. 35), and mingled among the sheep is a big hare he mistook for a Loaghtan.
Researchers studied microscopic scratches on the fossilized jawbone of an Edmontosaurus (pictured), and concluded that duck-billed dinosaurs likely grazed on vegetation close to the ground and had a way of chewing unlike any modern animal. A study into exactly how a hadrosaur broke down and ate its food was conducted by Vince Williams, a graduate student at the University of Leicester; Paul Barrett, a paleontologist with London's Natural History Museum; and Mark Purnell, a British paleontologist from the geology department of the University of Leicester. The three men employed a new approach to analyze the feeding mechanisms of dinosaurs, and thus help understand their place in the prehistoric ecosystems. Chewing on solid food always leaves tiny scratches on the teeth's surfaces.
While studying into the chewing methods of hadrosaurids in 2009, the paleontologists Vincent Williams, Paul Barrett, and Mark Purnell found that hadrosaurs likely grazed on horsetails and vegetation close to the ground, rather than browsing higher-growing leaves and twigs. This conclusion was based upon the evenness of scratches on hadrosaur teeth, which suggested the hadrosaur used the same series of jaw motions over and over again. As a result, the study determined that the hadrosaur diet was probably made of leaves and lacked the bulkier items such as twigs or stems, which might have required a different chewing method and created different wear patterns. However, Purnell said these conclusions were less secure than the more conclusive evidence regarding the motion of teeth while chewing.
Predation (the eating of one living creature by another for nutrition) predates the rise of commonly recognized carnivores by hundreds of millions (perhaps billions) of years. The earliest predators were microbial organisms, which engulfed or grazed on others. Because the fossil record is poor, these first predators could date back anywhere between 1 and over 2.7 Gya (billion years ago).Origins and Early Evolution of Predation, 2002 (full paper) The rise of eukaryotic cells at around 2.7 Gya, the rise of multicellular organisms at about 2 Gya, and the rise of mobile predators (around 600 Mya – 2 Gya, probably around 1 Gya) have all been attributed to early predatory behavior, and many very early remains show evidence of boreholes or other markings attributed to small predator species.
The improved drainage provided by the new outfall meant that cattle could be grazed on the Levels, and the Brodewater reverted to being a meadow. The improved conditions lasted until the early 17th century, but by 1648 the outlet was again clogged by shingle, which impeded both drainage and shipping. At some time between 1676 and the publication of an Admiralty chart in 1698, the river flowed along the back of the shingle bar and broke through into the sea about further to the east, at the site of a tide mill. The outlet at Newhaven had again been reinstated by 1731, when the engineer John Reynolds carried out surveys and work for the Newhaven Harbour Commissioners, created by an Act of Parliament obtained that same year.
Genetic analyses have revealed links between the Mongolian horse and breeds in Iceland, Scandinavia, Central Europe, and the British Isles. The Mongol horses are believed to have been originally imported from Russia by Swedish traders; this imported Mongol stock subsequently became the basis for the Norwegian Fjord horse and a variety of other Scandinavian breeds, including the Nordland. One of these breeds was eventually exported to Iceland by settlers, producing the modern day Icelandic horse, which bears a strong resemblance to the Mongol horse and lives in much the same way, foraging freely off the land during all seasons. The Exmoor, Scottish Highland, Shetland, and Connemara pony breeds have also been found to be related to the Icelandic horse, suggesting that all these northern European breeds had ancestors that grazed on the steppe of Mongolia.
Early restoration by Charles R. Knight of hadrosaurs as semi-aquatic animals that could only chew soft water plants, a popular idea at the time. While studying the chewing methods of hadrosaurids in 2009, the paleontologists Vincent Williams, Paul Barrett, and Mark Purnell found that hadrosaurs likely grazed on horsetails and vegetation close to the ground, rather than browsing higher-growing leaves and twigs. This conclusion was based on the evenness of scratches on hadrosaur teeth, which suggested the hadrosaur used the same series of jaw motions over and over again. As a result, the study determined that the hadrosaur diet was probably made of leaves and lacked the bulkier items, such as twigs or stems, that might have required a different chewing method and created different wear patterns.
As a result, the study determined that the hadrosaur diet was probably made of leaves and lacked the bulkier items such as twigs or stems, which might have required a different chewing method and created different wear patterns. The lack of pit marks on the teeth also upheld these conclusions, and suggested the hadrosaurs likely grazed on low- lying vegetation that lacked pits, rather than browsing on higher-growing vegetation with twigs. The scratches also indicated the hadrosaur's food contained either small particles of grit, which was normal for vegetation cropped close to the ground, or that it contained microscopic granules of silica, which is common in grass. Grasses had evolved by the Late Cretaceous period, but were not particularly common, so the study concluded it probably did not play a major component in the hadrosaur's diet.
The commoners played an important role in maintaining the forest as a predominantly heathland area by exercising their rights of common to exploit its resources in a variety of ways: by grazing livestock such as pigs and cattle, which suppressed the growth of trees and scrub; by cutting trees for firewood and for other uses; by cutting dead bracken, fern and heather for use as bedding for their livestock in winter; by periodically burning areas of heathland to maintain pasture; and so on. At times, the numbers of livestock being grazed on the forest was very large: at the end of the 13th century the commoners were turning out 2,000-3,000 cattle, alongside the 1,000-2,000 deer that were also present,Strategic Forest Plan of the Board of Conservators of Ashdown Forest 2008-2016. while according to a 1293 record the forest was being grazed by more than 2,700 swine.
Lewis 2000, p. 35 The Bedouin also launched occasional raids and their flocks often grazed on the plainsmen's fields. In addition to the Bedouin, the 18th and 19th centuries also witnessed large migrations of Druze from Mount Lebanon to the Jabal Hauran, which gradually became known as the Jabal al-Druze ('mountain of the Druze'). Their arrival pushed the mountain's previous inhabitants to the Hauran plains and introduced a new element of instability to the region. A small group of Druze led by the Alam al-Din family first arrived in 1685.Firro 1992, p. 37 A much larger wave arrived in the region as a result of the intra-Druze Battle of Ain Dara in 1711. The new arrivals were concentrated in the northwestern corner of Jabal Hauran and the Lajat and established roots in abandoned villages with extensive ancient ruins.Firro 1992, pp. 39–40.
This case is an example of environmental racism and injustice, per the principles established by the Participants of the First National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit, because the Navajo and Hopi people, which are communities of color, low income, and political alienation, were disproportionately affected by the proximity and the resulting pollution of these power plants which disregard their right to clean air, their land was degraded, and because the related public policies are not based on mutual respect of all people. The mining companies wanted more land but the joint ownership of the land made negotiations difficult. At the same time, Hopi and Navajo tribes were squabbling over land rights while Navajo livestock continuously grazed on Hopi land. Boyden took advantage of this situation, presenting it to the House Subcommittee on Indian Affairs claiming that if the government did not step in and do something, a bloody war would ensue between the tribes.
The Pasiega is a traditional dairy breed of Cantabria, and particularly of the area of the three principal towns of the Valles Pasiegos: San Pedro del Romeral, San Roque de Riomiera and Vega de Pas. Genetic studies have found it to be closely related to the Asturiana de la Montaña, Asturiana de los Valles, Rubia Gallega and Sayaguesa breeds of northern Spain, but not – despite the geographical proximity – to the other cattle breed of Cantabria, the Tudanca. Pasiega cattle were traditionally managed under a type of short-range transhumance: in spring and summer they grazed on meadows on the slopes of the mountains of the Cordillera Cantábrica; in autumn they were brought down to the valleys, and grazed the fields which had been harvested; in winter they were stabled, and fed hay and maize meal. Shelter was provided for them throughout the year; these stone- built shelters are now of cultural significance.
The court book of the Barony of Corshill and Cocklbee in 1666 lists the occupiers of the Lands of Blacklaw as William Fultoune (thair); Alexander Fultoune; Alexander Thomsoune; Robert Faullis; Robert Walker; James Faullis and Robert Waker. In May 1685 the tenants of the lairdship beneath the Black Law were pursued by the Barony Court for "cutting of young root grown trees within the parkes of Corshill" In December 1701 John Brown and Robert Faullis of Blacklaw were requested by the Barony Court judge to assess how many swine could be grazed on the common pasturage of Hareshaw and Corshouse. They were to assess also which of the two farmers involved suffered most by the overgrazing by the other. In May 1707 Sir Alexander Cunninghame of Corshill claimed against Janet Thomsone, John Brown and Andrew Faullis of Blacklaw at the Barony court for continuing to eat and destroy "the wast grassis of the maillen of Blacklaw".
Despite its attractive wild, unspoilt appearance, Ashdown Forest's landscape is essentially man-made. From medieval times until the mid-20th century the forest's commoners (and other local people who have, less legitimately, exploited the forest resources) played an important role in maintaining the forest's heathland through their exploitation of the forest's woods and heaths: grazing large numbers of livestock such as cattle and pigs, which suppressed the growth of trees and scrub, cutting down or paring trees or collecting windblown wood for use as firewood or for other purposes, cutting dead bracken for use as livestock bedding, burning patches of heathland, and so on. Large numbers of livestock are known to have been grazed on the forest at times; for example, at the end of the 13th century the commoners were turning out 2,000-3,000 cattle onto the forest, alongside the 1,000-2,000 deer that were also present,Strategic Forest Plan of the Board of Conservators of Ashdown Forest 2008-2016 while a 1297 document records that the forest was being grazed by almost 2,700 swine.Ashdown Forest and Its Inclosures.
Until 1860, the mountains of the Abruzzo and the plains of the Maremma lay in different countries. Whilst some older publications refer to the Maremmano and Abruzzese as independent breeds combined to create the Maremmano-Abruzzese, it has been noted that the shorter-haired Maremmano was only ever observed during the winter months, when flocks were grazed on their winter pastures on the milder coastal Tuscany, whilst the supposedly longer- bodied Abruzzese was only observed in the summer months, when flocks were grazed in the Abruzzi mountains. As sheep farming developed into an annual trek or transhumance from mountain grasslands of Abruzzo and Molise (and other parts of central Italy) south to lower pasture land in Puglia, where sheep were over-wintered, the dogs came to play a central role in the centuries-old migration, an annual event vital to Abruzzese culture. Maremmano dogs continue to be widely used by Italian sheep farmers in areas where predation is common, such as the Apennines of central Italy and the open range land of national parks in Abruzzo.

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