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1000 Sentences With "German Empire"

How to use German Empire in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "German Empire" and check conjugation/comparative form for "German Empire". Mastering all the usages of "German Empire" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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length: All <=10 words 10-20 words 20-30 words 30-50 words

America by 1914 had much deeper ties to Britain and France than to the German Empire.
The flag of choice was the black, white and red one used during the German Empire from 1871 to 1918.
His father, Theophilus Wonja Michael had arrived in 21945 from Cameroon (then part of the German empire) to study and work.
It was part of Germany at the time — not the German Empire, which ended when Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated in 1918.
" Oddly enough, those media outlets are being very conservative compared to the French highbrow center-right daily calling Europe a "German empire.
In its place the old German Empire endures, which in their telling was never properly abolished and persists in the borders of either 1871 or 1937.
The royal trio visited the site of the Battle of the Somme, which was fought in WWI by the French and British armies against the German Empire.
Ross Douthat Opinion Columnist The first modern German empire was announced by Otto von Bismarck at Versailles in 1871; it died on the Western Front in 1918.
It is no surprise that such opposition should come from Bavaria, a border state with an independent streak dating to its incorporation into the German empire in 1871.
An earlier version of this article referred imprecisely to the political entity that was allied with the German Empire during the time of the Armenian massacres in 1915-16.
The story follows an English pilgrim who comes across a book that contradict the nation's ideological history, and he resolves to spread the word to try and destroy the German empire.
It was ceded by France to Germany in 1871 and was part of the German Empire when he was born there in 1910; it was not "Strasbourg, France" at the time.
It was ceded by France to Germany in 1871 and was part of the German Empire when Mr. Loinger was born there in 1910; it was not "Strasbourg, France" at the time.
The second German empire was forged in a swift march of annexations and blitzkriegs; it lasted seven terrible years, from the Anschluss to the bunker, and died with Hitler and his cult.
If they are to be resolved or at least managed, if the third German empire is to last, it will require a change in how its present leaders think about their role.
The social landscape Lanchester paints is eerily similar to the ideas of Carl Schmitt, an authoritarian political theorist who was born in the German Empire in 1888 and died in West Germany in 1985.
The reforms introduced by Otto von Bismarck, the German chancellor who created the world's first modern welfare state, were intended to undermine support for socialism and build working-class backing for the German empire.
The elder Trump first emigrated to the US from the Bavarian town of Kallstadt in the German Empire in 1885 at the age of 16, illegally skipping out on mandatory military service (sounds familiar).
Prussia, once poor and inconsequential compared to France and England, under the generalship of Frederick the Great (1740-1786) rose to become a great military power and, eventually, the heart of the German Empire.
The colorful, creepy We Happy Few is set in a British town called Wellington Wells in an alternate 1964, where a non-Nazi "German Empire" won World War II after America chose to remain neutral.
What's more, the duchies and kingdoms that formed the German Empire in 20—the precursor to what we now think of as Germany—took up an area about 22008,2129 square miles larger than contemporary Germany.
When the undercut grew popular in the German empire ruled by Prussian kings in the late 1800s, it was known as der Inselhaarschnitt — the island cut, in reference to the patch of hair sitting atop a shaved head.
Thilo: I voted for the AfD and the NPD, [a far-right, ultranationalist party born from the German Empire Party that existed in the immediate aftermath of WWII] because I don't want to give my vote to the big parties.
In "Gold and Iron: Bismarck, Bleichröder and the Building of the German Empire" (1977), he focused on Gerson Bleichröder, a Prussian Jew who, as Bismarck's financial agent and adviser, played a decisive role in the unification of Germany and the Franco-Prussian War.
As Laurence Senelick documents in his recent book "Jacques Offenbach and the Making of Modern Culture," the future chancellor of the German Empire saw in the opera an affirmation of the need to annex Germany's minor states under the aegis of Prussia.
Trump is not invading Ethiopia or falling for Bismarck's plot to consolidate a German Empire under Prussian leadership (yet), but he is basically following this dual-track template of governing in a style that is both autocratic and inept for basically the same reason.
These events occurred during the larger conflict of World War I. Finland became an independent republic in 1919, but had to continually negotiate a political and economic balance between the new Soviet state to its east and the German Empire, which had played a part in its civil war.
The blast occurred the day before Charles Evans Hughes, a former governor of New York, was to formally accept the Republican presidential nomination in a speech at Carnegie Hall and confront Woodrow Wilson, whose re-election campaign slogan, "He kept us out of war," would be abrogated the following April when Congress declared war on the German Empire.
The argument is set to peak on Thursday in a debate in the German Parliament, which is expected to overwhelmingly approve a resolution that officially declares the century-old Armenian massacres to be genocide — and condemns what was then known as the German Empire, allied with the Ottoman Empire, for failing to act on information it had at the time about the killings.
It was renamed Deutsches Reich (German Empire), and the constitution of the confederation, with few changes, became the Constitution of the German Empire.
The military ranks of the German Empire were the ranks used by the military of the German Empire. It inherited the various traditions and military ranks of its constituent states.
1871 the German Empire was founded. All 25 states of the German Empire and the "Reichsland Elsaß- Lothringen" (since 1911) had Landtage as legislative authorities. The most important one was the Prussian Landtag.
He also voted to continue the war against the German Empire....
He died in Berlin, German Empire at the age of 45.
Pairs' competition took place on February 4th also in Berlin, German Empire.
Friedrich Mallinckrodt was born on 15 August 1894 in Essen, the German Empire.
Otto Brauneck was born on 27 February 1896 in Sulzbach, the German Empire.
Edmund Nathanael was born on 18 December 1889 in Dielsdorf, the German Empire.
Marie Adelheid died on 24 November 1916 in Königstein im Taunus, German Empire.
Hans Joachim Wolff was born in Mühlhausen, the German Empire, on 24 September 1895.
Bernhard Ultsch was born in Wunsiedel, Bavaria, the German Empire on 26 March 1898.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Großpostwitz was part of the Kingdom of Saxony.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Fröttstädt was part of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Weingarten was part of Saxe- Coburg and Gotha.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Hörselgau was part of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Metebach was part of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Teutleben was part of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Trügleben was part of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Ebenheim was part of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Ziegelheim was part of the Kingdom of Saxony.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Aspach was part of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Laucha was part of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Helmut Dilthey was born in Rheydt, Westphalia, the German Empire on 9 February 1894.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Tanna was part of the Principality of Reuss- Gera.
Friedrich Manschott was born on 21 February 1893 in Reichartshausen, Großherzogtum Baden, the German Empire.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Demitz-Thumitz was part of the Kingdom of Saxony.
Raven Erik Freiherr von Barnekow was born 10 March 1897 in Schwerin, the German Empire.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Zimmernsupra was part of the Prussian Province of Saxony.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Mehna was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Monstab was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Treben was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Windischleuba was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
The Progressive People's Party (, FVP) was a social liberal party of the late German Empire.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Starkenberg was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Posterstein was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
The German Empire () was a short-lived nation state which existed from 1848 to 1849.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Wildenbörten was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Nöbdenitz was part of the Duchy of Saxe- Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Blankenberg was part of the Prussian Province of Saxony.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Kamsdorf was part of the Prussian Province of Saxony.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Altenbeuthen was part of the Prussian Province of Saxony.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Kaulsdorf was part of the Prussian Province of Saxony.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Wurzbach was part of the Principality of Reuss-Gera.
Auguste Schlüter (27 June 1849 – Autumn 1917) was a German Empire domestic servant and biographer.
Prussia in the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 The two decades after the unification of Germany were the peak of Prussia's fortunes, but the seeds for potential strife were built into the Prusso-German political system. The constitution of the German Empire was a slightly amended version of the North German Confederation's constitution. Officially, the German Empire was a federal state. In practice, Prussia's relationship with the rest of the empire was somewhat confusing.
He was still serving in that position when the German Empire capitulated on 11 November 1918.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Langenleuba-Niederhain was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
This attracted the attention of the opposing German Empire and its Imperial German Navy's numerous submarines.
Trier became part of the German Empire during the Prussian-led unification of Germany in 1871.
The newspaper was discontinued when Riga was captured by the German Empire in early September 1917.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Mihla was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Seebach was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Obermehler was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Rudolf Wendelmuth was born on 28 July 1890 in Gotha, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, the German Empire.
Stefan Kirmaier was born in Lachen, the German Empire, on 28 July 1889.Franks, Bailey, p. 143.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Auma was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar- Eisenach.
The Reichsstatthalter (, Imperial lieutenant) was a title used in the German Empire and later in Nazi Germany.
Marylebone Cricket Club v Hampshire in 1861 Ricardo died on 19 April 1871 in Cologne, German Empire.
Max Mulzer was born on 9 July 1893 in the Kingdom of Bavaria in the German Empire.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Buttelstedt was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe- Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Buttstädt was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Bürgel was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Teichwolframsdorf was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar- Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Hellingen was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Oldisleben was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Vacha was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1870-1918), Menteroda was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Meissen Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Pirna Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Freiberg Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Döbeln Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Mittweida Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Zwickau Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Marienberg Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Plauen Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
In October 1914, the front stabilized between Roye and Noyon, followed by struggles at Laucourt. Beginning in January 1915 the IX Reserve Corps was deployed for the Battle of Soissons. From the end of August until 17 September 1915, Boehn also acted as deputy commander of the 1st Army (German Empire). After its disbandment on 17 September, the IX Reserve Corps was subordinated to the 2nd Army (German Empire) and later on 21 October 1915 to the 6th Army (German Empire).
Karl Gallwitz was born in Sigmaringen, the German Empire, in 1895. He visited the Gymnasium-school in Nordhausen.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Bad Sulza was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar- Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Berga/Elster was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Berka/Werra was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar- Eisenach.
Head of a Shark Island Concentration Camp prisoner, which was used by German Empire doctors for medical experiments.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Dresden New City Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Dresden Old City Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Dresden County Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Oschatz-Grimma Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Leipzig County Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Leipzig City Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Stollberg- Schneeberg Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
Fritz Hirsh was born on 21 April 1871 in Konstanz, in the German Empire, to parents of Jewish descent.
Otto Esswein was born in Waiblingen, in the Kingdom of Württemberg within the German Empire, on 3 March 1890.
Metz was annexed into the German Empire after the signing of the Treaty of Frankfurt on 10 May 1871.
Dickel was born on 9 December 1913 in Wuppertal- Vohwinkel, in the Prussian Rhine Province of the German Empire.
The Siege of Toma occurred between Australian and German Empire troops between 14–17 September 1914 during World War I.
Austria-Hungary used summer time during World War I in 1916, 1917, and 1918, in line with the German Empire.
The creation of the German Empire under Prussian dominance in 1871, however, greatly changed the relations between the two countries.
Edmund Seidel (born July 10, 1878 in the German Empire) was an American newspaper editor and politician from New York.
The army units of those who rest in Vermandovillers derive from all countries and provinces of the former German Empire.
Max Butting (6 October 1888 in Berlin, German Empire – 13 July 1976 in Berlin, East Germany) was a German composer.
ExcerptAndrew Zimmerman, Alabama in Africa: Booker T. Washington, the German empire, and the globalization of the New South (2012) Excerpt.
The Treaty of Frankfurt allowed the newly formed German Empire to annex the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine.Guérard, p. 326.
The German Empire retained black, white, and red as its national colours. See Article 55. An ordinance of 1892 dealt with the official use of the colours. The black-white-red tricolour remained the flag of Germany until the end of the German Empire in 1918, in the final days of World War I.
Finally, until the creation of the German Empire in 1871, the spot was known as the Three Countries' Corner (). From 1871 it assumed its most famous name: the Three Emperors' Corner. Zapomniane miejsce, Gościniec PTTK, Kwartalnik, 4 (12)/2003, Until World War I, the tripoint was a popular tourist spot, particularly from the German Empire.
The Free-minded Union () or Radical Union was a liberal party in the German Empire that existed from 1893 to 1910.
From 1903 to 1907, he represented Marienwerder's 7th constituency in the Reichstag of the German Empire for the German Reform Party.
It joined the German Empire in 1871 and became a republic after the German defeat in World War I in 1918.
In a speech, Reichstag president Hermann Göring called the black, white, and red flag of the German Empire "honorably pulled down".
Hans Leibelt (11 March 1885 in Leipzig, German Empire - 3 December 1974 in Munich, West Germany) was a German film actor.
Following the North German Confederation Treaty the Kingdom of Saxony entered the North German Confederation in 1866. As a consequence, the Kingdom returned Deputies to the Reichstag. After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867.
The Military Order of St. Henry (Militär-St. Heinrichs-Orden) was a military order of the Kingdom of Saxony, a member state of the German Empire. The order was the oldest military order of the states of the German Empire. It was founded on October 7, 1736 by Augustus III, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony.
Germany was much better prepared militarily than any of the other countries involved, including France. The German Empire, as an ally of Austria, declared war on Russia. France was allied with Russia and so was ready to commit to war against the German Empire. On 3 August Germany declared war on France, and sent its armies through neutral Belgium.
Gerhard Karl Theodor Haenzel (5 March 1898, Wolin, Pomerania (German Empire) – 6 March 1944, Lesneven, Britanny (occupied France)) was a German mathematician.
Arthur Goldstein (18 March 1887 in Lipine, German Empire – 1943 in Auschwitz, German-occupied Poland) was a German journalist and communist politician.
These are colonies settled by and controlled by the German Empire from 1884 to 1919. Those territories constituted the German Colonial Empire.
An Italian spy enters the German Empire in an attempt to commit sabotage and steal secret documents from a large armaments factory.
The new axis was named "Emperor street", ( Kaiserstraße), in honor of William I, at that time newly proclaimed Emperor of the German Empire.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), the territory of the present-day municipality of Grabfeld was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen.
In 1867, the new North German Confederation was declared by Bismarck. After Prussia's victory in the Franco- Prussian War in 1870, in which Prussian army entered and marched over Paris, Bismarck announced the creation of the German Empire and excluded Austria- Hungary solely in this unified Germany. Austria-Hungary then turned its imperial ambitions to the Balkan Peninsula; whereas the German Empire focused on building armaments in a race against the United Kingdom (Britain and Ireland). Nevertheless, both the German Empire and Austria-Hungary forged a military alliance with the Kingdom of Italy, forming the Triple Alliance (1882).
In 1901, the interior minister of the German Empire instituted the Second Orthographic Conference. It declared the Duden to be authoritative, with a few innovations. In 1902, its results were approved by the governments of the German Empire, Austria and Switzerland. In 1944, the Nazi German government planned a reform of the orthography, but because of World War II, it was never implemented.
President Grover Cleveland appointed him as the ambassador to the German Empire. He served in that position until 1889, dying later that same year.
The German Fatherland Party () was a short-lived far-right party in the German Empire, active during the last phase of World War I.
Roger Chickering is an American historian of the German Empire and World War I. He was a professor at Georgetown University, retiring in 2010.
Marie Calm (3 April 1832, Bad Arolsen, Waldeck – 22 February 1887, Kassel, German Empire) was a German author, feminist and advocate of women's suffrage.
The village has been a part of German Empire. Its German name, Lonsk, was deemed sounding too Kashubian, and changed to Lohns in 1907.
The Schwarzlose Model 1908 was a semi-automatic pistol, designed by Andreas Schwarzlose, released in 1908 in the German Empire and produced until 1911.
Moses Annenberg was born in East Prussia (German Empire) in 1877 to a Lithuanian Jewish family. He left Germany and immigrated to Chicago in 1900.
When the German Empire was abolished in November 1918 after the end of World War I, the last king of Bavaria, Ludwig III, was deposed.
Later, it was also proposed that Carol I adopted Alexander to unite the two countries, but the German Empire and Austria-Hungary rejected the idea.
The German-Hanoverian Party (, DHP), also known as the Guelph Party (), was a conservative, federalist political party in the German Empire and the Weimar Republic.
In January 1914, she docked at Kure Naval Base for armament checks. On 3 August 1914, the German Empire declared war on France and then invaded via Belgium, sparking the beginning of World War I in the West. Twelve days later, Japan issued a warning to Kaiser Wilhelm II of the German Empire, ordering him to withdraw the German troops from their base at Tsingtao, China.
Orders, decorations, and medals of the German Empire covers those decorations awarded by the states which came together under Prussian leadership to form the German Empire in 1871. For convenience's sake, this category also covers the decorations of the various German states which were no longer in existence in 1871, mainly because they had been annexed by Prussia during the Wars of Unification or before.
Eckstein cigarettes were mainly sold in the German Empire, but were also sold in the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, Allied-occupied Germany, West Germany and Germany.
This is an order of battle listing the Australian and German Empire forces during the Australian occupation of German New Guinea between September and November 1914.
Max Kahlow was born on 11 May 1894 in Bad Schoenfließ, German Empire; due to changes in political boundaries, the town is in present-day Poland.
The French indemnity was the indemnity the French Third Republic paid to the German Empire after the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War in 1871.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Bernstadt was part of the Kingdom of Saxony. Within the East German Bezirk Dresden, it was part of Kreis Löbau.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Triptis was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. In East Germany, it was part of Bezirk Gera.
Władysław Teodor "W.T." Benda (January 15, 1873, Poznań, Poland (Posen, German Empire) – November 30, 1948, Newark, New Jersey, United States) was a Polish painter, illustrator, and designer.
In turn, the German Empire reinforced its laggard allies the Austro- Hungarians with air assets; however, they were also relatively inactive over the Winter of 1917–1918.
Hellmuth von Mücke (1881 – 1957) was an Officer of the Kaiserliche Marine, the navy of the German Empire, in the early 20th century and World War I.
Germany integrated Alsace-Lorraine into its German Empire in 1871. France recovered it in 1918. Germany was again in occupation 1940-45. There was widespread material damage.
The German Empire during World War I relied on the Meyer-Clarke method because 2-chloroethanol was readily available from the German dye industry of that time.
Rudolf Leonhard. Rudolf Leonhard (27 October 1889, in Lissa, German Empire (today Leszno, Poland) – 19 December 1953, in East Berlin) was a German author and communist activist.
Francsi was born on 4 November 1914 in Gierswalde, present-day part of Uslar, at the time a village in the German Empire during World War I.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Elleben was part of the Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, while Riechheim and Gügleben were part of the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen.
After the Anschluss with the German Empire on 13 March 1938 the place belonged to the "Upper Danube Gau" but after 1945 was restored to Upper Austria.
Bita Paka is a village in Bitapaka Rural LLG of East New Britain province, Papua New Guinea. The site was the location of a former wireless station used by the German Empire, during World War I. The Battle of Bita Paka occurred on 11 September 1914, between Australian and German Empire troops, where the wireless station was captured by the Australians. Rabaul (Bita Paka) War Cemetery is nearby.
This is a list of the most notable films produced in the German Empire until 1918, in year order. It includes German films from the introduction of the medium to the resignation of the Emperor at the end of World War I. Many of these films laid the groundwork for German Expressionism. For an alphabetical list of articles on films of the period see :Category:Films of the German Empire.
The Imperial German Army () was the unified ground and air force of the German Empire (excluding the maritime aviation formations of the Imperial German Navy). The term ' is also used for the modern German Army, the land component of the '. The German Army was formed after the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership in 1871 and dissolved in 1919, after the defeat of the German Empire in World War I.
Ammunition production at Friedrich Krupp in 1905. This is a list of German companies by employees in 1907. The largest 127 companies of the German Empire in 1907 accounted for 7.8 percent of all employees in the German Empire; excluding railways and state-owned enterprises the share was only 3.6 percent. This compares to corresponding percentage shares of 8.2 respectively 4.6 for the United Kingdom at the same time.
Franz I (1804–1835) Kaiser is the German word for "emperor". In general, the German title was only used for rulers above the rank of king (König). In English, the (untranslated) word Kaiser is mainly associated with the emperors of the unified German Empire (1871–1918). In English, the term "the Kaiser" is usually reserved for the emperors of the German Empire and the emperors of the Austrian Empire.
With Wilhelm's death in 1777 the junior Schaumburg-Lippe-Alverdissen inherited the County thereby reuniting Schaumburg-Lippe with Lippe-Alverdissen. German cartoon from 1834 poking fun at the microscopic size of Schaumburg-Lippe Schaumburg-Lippe was a county until 1807 when it became a principality; from 1871 it was a state within the German Empire. In 1913, it was the smallest state in the German Empire in terms of population.
Prayoon was born on 5 February 1897 in Berlin, German Empire, where his father served as the Siamese military attaché. His father was Major Yam Pamornmontri; his mother was a German physician. She taught German to many Siamese cadets in the German Empire at the time, many of whom later became members of the Khana Ratsadon. Prayoon, as a child, served as a royal page to King Vajiravudh (Rama VI).
Born in Kattowitz (Katowice), Prussian Silesia, German Empire, Willimowski was raised in a Silesian family, typical of the Upper Silesian Polish-German borderland. After eastern Upper Silesia became part of Poland in 1922, he became a citizen of the Second Polish Republic. His parents, Ernst-Roman and Paulina, were German. His father, a soldier for the German Empire, died on the Western Front in the First World War.
The collapse of the German Empire and the prohibition of design and production of weapons imposed by the Versailles Treaty stopped any further development of the MG 18.
Milan Bogićević (), was a Serbian politician and diplomat. He served as Minister of Justice, Minister of Foreign Affaris and ambassador to Ottoman Empire, Austria-Hungary and German Empire.
In 1872, American Druids undertook the task to bring Druidism to the German empire. Joseph Hafky was in charge of charter several Lodges in Berlin, Bremerhaven and Stuttgart.
127.0190) In German-speaking areas, the term "das perfide Albion" became increasingly frequent, especially during the German Empire (1871–1918) against the backdrop of rising British-German tensions.
The Markomannia incident was a conflict between Haitian rebels and the German Empire in 1902, sparked by the boarding of the Hamburg steamer Markomannia by rebel naval forces.
Zorndorf became part of the Province of Brandenburg in 1815 and the German Empire in 1871. After Germany's defeat in World War II it became part of Poland.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Stadtlengsfeld was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. It was the site of the Menzengraben mining accident in 1953.
Chaim Kiewe, 1975 Chaim Kiewe (Hebrew: חיים קיוה; born October 8, 1912 in Dlottowen, German Empire – died May 12, 1983 in Bat Yam, Israel) was an Israeli artist.
From the pro-Entente camp, but also from among his own circles, accusations surfaced that Fleva had in fact become an agent of influence for the German Empire.
When the German Empire was established in 1871, the Junker nobility controlled the army and the Navy, the bureaucracy, and the royal court; they generally set governmental policies.
Wilhelm II eventually led Germany into World War I and ruled until his abdication and the fall of the German Empire in 1918 at the end of war.
Heinrich von Eckardt (20 July 1861, in Riga, Russian Empire – 3 March 1944, in Jena, Germany) was a Baltic German diplomat in the service of the German Empire.
The Monarchy of Germany (the German Monarchy) was the system of government in which a hereditary monarch was the sovereign of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918.
Thus, for example, it might have been the case that Bismarck died in infancy. If so, he would not have ever satisfied the description "the first Chancellor of the German Empire," and (indeed) someone else probably would have. It does not follow that the first Chancellor of the German Empire may not have been the first Chancellor of the German Empire-- that is (at least according to its surface-structure) a contradiction. Kripke argues that the way that proper names work is that when we make statements about what might or might not have been true of Bismarck, we are talking about what might or might not have been true of that particular person in various situations, whereas when we make statements about what might or might not have been true of, say, the first Chancellor of the German Empire we could be talking about what might or might not have been true of whoever would have happened to fill that office in those situations.
Before the formation of the German Empire in 1871, the states that became part of the empire were sovereign with their own nationality laws, those of the southern ones (notably Bavaria) being quite liberal. Prussia's nationality law can be traced back to the "Law Respecting the Acquisition and Loss of the Quality as a Prussian subject, and his Admission to Foreign Citizenship" of 31 December 1842, which was based on the principle of jus sanguinis. Prussian law became the basis of the legal system of the German Empire, though the state nationality laws continued to apply, and a German citizen was a person who held citizenship of one of the states of the German Empire. On 22 July 1913 the Nationality Law of the German Empire and States (Reichs- und Staatsangehörigkeitsgesetz, shorthand: RuStAG) established a German citizenship, either derived from the citizenship of one of the component states or acquired through the central Reich government.
From 1884, the German East Africa Company was active in the African Great Lakes region. As a result of heightened tensions and border disputes between the German East Africa Company, the British Empire and the Sultanate of Zanzibar, the German Empire was called upon to put down the Abushiri revolts and protect the empire's interests in the region. The German East Africa Company transferred its rights to the German Empire in 1891, in this way establishing the German colony of German East Africa, which included Burundi (Urundi), Rwanda (Ruanda), and the mainland part of Tanzania (formerly known as Tanganyika). The German Empire stationed armed forces in Rwanda and Burundi during the late 1880s.
The Czech politician explicitly rejected the offered mandate to the Frankfurt assembly, stating that the Slavic lands of the Habsburg Empire were not a subject of German debates. On the other hand, for Austrian prime minister Prince Felix of Schwarzenberg, only an accession of the Habsburg Empire as a whole was acceptable because it had no intention to part from its non-German possessions and dismantle in order to remain in an all-German Empire. Prussia's expansion into the German Empire from 1807 (dark blue): green territories added according to the 1815 Congress of Vienna, light blue territories after the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. Yellow territories joined the German Empire in 1871 after the Franco-Prussian War.
The Kaiserliche Generaldirektion der Eisenbahnen in Elsaß-Lothringen or EL (English: General Directorate of the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine) were the first railways owned by the German Empire. They emerged in 1871, after France had ceded the region of Alsace-Lorraine to the German Empire under the terms of the Peace Treaty of Frankfurt following the Franco-Prussian War. The railways of the private Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est (CF de l'Est; English: [French] Eastern Railway Company), with a total of trackage, were formally purchased from the French and then sold again to the German Empire. The purchase price of 260 million Goldmarks was counted as compensation for the war.
On 15 August 1915, the Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive by the German forces on the Eastern Front of World War I caused Bielsk County to come under the control of the German Empire. On 5 November 1916, a declaration by the German Empire and the Austro- Hungarian Empire, promised the creation of the Kingdom of Poland in the areas of Poland controlled by the German Empire, including Bielsk County. On 3 March 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed between the Russian SFSR and the Central Powers. Bielsk County was assigned to the Kingdom of Poland On 28 June 1919, the Treaty of Versailles and the Little Treaty of Versailles were signed establishing the Second Polish Republic.
On July 4, 1872, Otto von Bismarck, chancellor of Germany, expelled the Jesuits from the German Empire. Johann left for England where he was eventually ordained into the priesthood.
The ancient Germanic name of Grube was revived after 1871 when Alsace found itself incorporated within the German Empire and again during the German occupation between 1940 and 1944.
Willi Gabriel was one of twins born on 31 December 1893 in Bromberg, the German Empire (present day Poland). Gabriel built his own airplanes prior to World War I.
The Kriegsernährungsamt (War Office of Food), which later became the Reichsernährungsamt (Reich Office of Food), was an entity of the government of the German Empire from 1916 to 1919.
These were colonies unsuccessfully settled by Brandenburg-Prussia (part of the Holy Roman Empire realm), after 1701 Kingdom of Prussia, before the foundation of the German Empire in 1871.
The Day of the founding of the German Empire, January 18, became a day of celebration, marking when the Prussian King William I was proclaimed German Emperor in Versailles.
Since the 1840s, Germans moved to Turkey who by then had become an ally of the German Empire. Those settling in the Istanbul area became known as Bosporus Germans.
Theobald Theodor Friedrich Alfred von Bethmann-Hollweg (29 November 1856 – 1 January 1921) was a German politician who was the Chancellor of the German Empire from 1909 to 1917.
Part II, "Germany (from the Reformation to the new German Empire)," same place and date. Part III, "France" (including: 1. "France before the Revolution"; 2. "The French Revolution"; 3.
The flag's design is also similar to that of the flag of the German Empire, albeit inverted. The flag is identical to the flag of Libya from 1969–1972.
HarperCollins, 2009. P. 320. In 1871, Prussia led the unification of Germany into the German Empire in which the German Emperor was also the King of Prussia. The state of Germany as manifested in the German Empire created by the Prussian government of Otto von Bismarck, drew criticisms by German nationalists like Konstantin Franz who accused Bismarck of creating a federal state based on Prussian nationalist goals and a deviation from German nationalism.
The Day of the founding of the German Empire () was an annual celebration on the anniversary of the proclamation of the German Empire on 18 January 1871 in the Palace of Versailles. The North German Confederation had already officially adopted the name "German Reich" in its Constitution by 1 January 1871, so constitutionally speaking, 18 January was not the day of the founding. Berlin Castle, based on a painting of William Pape.
Map showing the territories lost by the German Empire after World War I. Eupen-Malmedy is labelled "8" on the map. During World War I, Belgium was invaded by the German Empire and, between 1914 and 1918, much of Belgium's territory was under German military occupation. With the defeat of Germany in 1918, Belgian politicians attempted to expand Belgian territory at German expense. However, the settlement at the Treaty of Versailles proved disappointing for Belgium.
Aloys Fleischmann 1928 Aloys Georg Fleischmann (24 April 1880 in Dachau, Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire – 3 January 1964 in Cork, Ireland) was a German composer, cathedral organist and choirmaster.
Juye was the site of the "Juye Incident" on November 1, 1897. The murder of Christian missionaries was used by the German Empire as an excuse to occupy Jiaozhou Bay.
After World War I, the German Empire came to an end and "Das Lied der Deutschen" became the national anthem of the Weimar Republic.. Die Geschichte der Deutschen. p. 131.
The title of Reichskommissar was used during the German Empire for the governors of most of the Schutzgebiete (a German term literally meaning protectorate, but also applied to ordinary colonies).
Fritz Höhn was born in Wiesbaden, German Empire, on 31 May 1896. He began his military service in the elite 7th Guards Infantry Regiment.Franks et al 1993, pp. 130-131.
Rudolf Schottlaender (August 5, 1900 in Berlin, German Empire – January 4, 1988 in East Berlin, East Germany) was a German philosopher, classical philologist, translator and political publicist of Jewish descent.
The Kaisermarsch (Imperial March) is a patriotic march composed by Richard Wagner in 1871 in order to exalt the foundation of the German Empire after the victorious Franco-Prussian War.
Within the German Empire (1871-1945), Körner was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Körner is the place with the highest postal code number in Germany - 99998.
To match the standard German orthography of the German Empire, an 1899 Swiss federal decree changed the "y" in German place names into an "i", changing the official name to "Plaffeien".
In Russia, Remembrance Day is celebrated on August 1 since 2012, in memory of the declaration of the war of Russia by the German Empire at the same day in 1914.
Wolfgang Langhoff, in 1962. Wolfgang Langhoff (6 October 1901 in Berlin, German Empire – 26 August 1966 in Berlin, German Democratic Republic)The Internet Movie Database. "Wolfgang Langhoff". Accessed 17 August 2007.
Alan Palmer, Bismarck, p. 159. This, then, is the background of the building of the German Empire against which the relationship of Gerson Bleichröder and Otto von Bismarck played itself out.
Of the expenditure, over £900,000 went towards public worship and education, and over £1,200,000 went in interest and debt repayment. The kingdom contributed £660,000 to the treasury of the German Empire.
After losing two wars within twenty years, the United States begin an alliance with the strengthening German Empire (formed in 1871), and will eventually start to reform itself along Prussian lines.
Back of the Stadttheater, back For over 200 years, the Stadttheater Königsberg (Königsberg municipal theatre) in Königsberg was one of the most respected theatres in Prussia and in the German Empire.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), the northern part of Hohenfelden belonged to the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, while the southern part belonged to the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen.
He edited Statistische Nachrichten über das Grossherzogthum Oldenburg (Statistical reports for the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg; 1857–72). He then became director of the statistical office of the German Empire, where he remained until his death in Berlin. In this capacity, he edited the Monatsheft zur Statistik des Deutschen Reichs (Statistical Monthly for the German Empire) and the Statistischen Jahrbuches (Statistical Yearbook). His writings include Zur Berechnung von Sterbetafeln an die Bevölkerungstatistik zu stellende Anforderungen (1874).
Bafut was a fondom or kingdom - ruled by the Fon of Bafut using traditional power structures. However, following the Bafut Wars in the early 20th century, the region came under the German Empire. The Germans forced the Fon into exile, but had to ultimately reinstate him as leader when their puppet ruler was not accepted. The fall of the German Empire in World War I brought the region under the British Empire as part of the British Cameroons.
Fritz Stern, Gold and Iron: Bismarck, Bleichröder and the Building of the German Empire (Vintage Books: New York, 1977) p. 9. In 1855 upon the death of his father, Gerson became the head of the banking firm.Fritz Stern, Gold and Iron: Bismarck ' Bleichröder and the Building of the German Empire, p. 9. The bank maintained close contacts with the Rothschild family; the banking house of Bleichröder acted as a branch office in Berlin of the Rothschilds' bank.
Traditionally, the Rothschilds represented the banking interests of the Austrian-controlled German Confederation in Europe.Fritz Stern, Gold and Iron: Bismarck, Bleichröder and the Building of the German Empire, p. 15. In the conflict between the rapidly rising and expanding nation of Prussia and the "pro- Austrian" German Confederation, the Rothschild Bank was largely caught in an uncomfortable position in the middle of the conflict.Fritz Stern, Gold and Iron: Bismarck, Bleichroder and the Building of the German Empire, p. 15.
The university was named in honour of its former student and faculty member, the writer, politician and poet Ernst Moritz Arndt. Otto von Bismarck, chancellor of the German Empire from 1871–1890 and the "engineer" of the Unification of Germany in 1871, had a connection to Greifswald when he studied at the agricultural college, as well as one of his successors, Prince Bernhard von Bülow, who was chancellor of the German Empire from 1900 to 1909.
Albert Boerger was born on November 4, 1881 in the town of Förde, Westphalia, German Empire), son of farmers Teodoro Boerger and Maria Kersling that work as labradors. In 1902 he began his studies in Natural Sciences and General Engineering in Hannover (German Empire); then he studied agronomy and political economics at the Prussian Royal Academy of Agriculture of Bonn University, where he specialized in phytotechnology. He received a PhD from the University of Giessen (Germany).
Though, by the mid-18th century, one norm was generally established, there was no institutionalized standardization. Only with the introduction of compulsory education in late 18th and early 19th century was the spelling further standardized, though at first independently in each state because of the political fragmentation of Germany. Only the foundation of the German Empire in 1871 allowed for further standardization. In 1876, the Prussian government instituted the to achieve a standardization for the entire German Empire.
After the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, Haguenau was ceded to the new German Empire. It was part of the German Empire for 48 years from 1871 to 1918, when at the end of World War I it was returned to France. This transfer was officially ratified in 1919 with the Treaty of Versailles. Haguenau is a rapidly growing town, its population having increased from 22,944 inhabitants in 1968 to 34,504 inhabitants in 2017.
Its targets included the Russian Empire in the early phase of the war, and the German Empire later. Its membership rose from a few hundred in 1914 to over 30,000 in 1918.
Clark states it was "not that antagonism toward Germany caused its isolation, but rather that the new system itself channeled and intensified hostility towards the German Empire."Clark, The Sleepwalkers p 159.
Simson's prejudice against "ultramontane" interference in German internal politics, typical of the Protestant historiography of the Wilhelmine German Empire, must be taken into account in his evaluation of Folmar's character and actions.
The Naval Corps () was a corps formation of the German Empire in World War I. It was formed in November 1914 and was still in existence at the end of the war.
Heinrich Georg Geigl was born on 10 July 1891 in Bad Abbach, the Kingdom of Bavaria, the German Empire. Geigl was an elementary school teacher and a philosophy student in civilian life.
Bismarck Tower (Gocław Tower) One of the many Bismarck towers built in the former German Empire (Kaiserreich) is located in Szczecin (Gocław), now in north-western Poland (known as Stettin in German).
In 1871 he was promoted to Korvettenkapitän. Beginning in 1874, Knorr took part in a voyage through the Pacific Ocean to discuss trade negotiations with Tonga on behalf of the German Empire.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Reichenbach was part of the Prussian Province of Silesia. Schloss Krobnitz, an estate which belonged to Prussian Minister of War Albrecht von Roon, lies in Reichenbach.
Prince Kraft zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, circa 1865. Kraft Prinz zu Hohenlohe- Ingelfingen (2 January 1827 - 16 January 1892), was a Prussian general and military writer during the time of the German Empire.
Chancellor is a town in Turner County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 264 at the 2010 census. The community was named for Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor of the German Empire.
The Herero Wars were a series of colonial wars between the German Empire and the Herero people of German South West Africa (present-day Namibia). They took place between 1904 and 1908.
The Ordensburg Marienburg in 1890/1905, during the German Empire 200px Ordensburgs (plural in German: Ordensburgen, literally: castles of orders) were fortresses built by crusading German military orders during the Middle Ages.
Brazil suspended relations with Germany and declared war against the German Empire during the government of President Venceslau Brás, on October 27, 1917, months after Brazilian merchant vessels being sunk by German submarines.
The Feldgendarmerie (roughly translating to "Field Police") were the military police units of the armies of the German Empire (including the Wehrmacht) from post-Napoleonic times to the conclusion of World War II.
Stengel on 16 June 1900. Hermann Guido Leopold Freiherr von Stengel (19 July 1837 – 1919) was a Bavarian administrator, a German politician and Finance Minister of the German Empire from 1903 to 1908.
Prince Aribert was born in Wörlitz, Germany. He was the fourth son of Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt, and Princess Antoinette of Saxe-Altenburg. Anhalt was a Sovereign Duchy in the German Empire.
Oscar Hans (born 6 February 1910, date of death unknown) was a German war criminal, leader of a SS-Sonderkommando during the occupation of Norway. He was born in Volmeringen, Lorraine, German Empire.
In 1893, when Alsace was part of the German Empire, Kaiser Wilhelm II ordered the construction of a fort, the Feste Kaiser Wilhelm II, north of the town, as well as military barracks.
Odo William Leopold Russell, 1st Baron Ampthill, (20 February 182925 August 1884), styled Lord Odo Russell between 1872 and 1881, was a British diplomat and the first British Ambassador to the German Empire.
The Battle of the Vistula River, also known as the Battle of Warsaw, was a Russian victory against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary on the Eastern Front during the First World War.
In the Late Middle Ages members of the princely family of Hohenzollern became electors of Brandenburg, in the Modern Era kings of Prussia and from 1871, emperors of the newly founded German Empire.
Moreover, the strange and terrible events take place in the Ahrensmeyers in succession. There seem to be some secret in the Ahrensmeyers. It may have relation with the German Empire and Russian Empire.
At the time of the foundation of the German Empire in 1871, the Kingdom of Prussia was the largest and dominant part of the empire. Pomerania was taken by the kingdom, and along with a few other places, and would later be called in Germany "Ostgebiete des deutschen Reiches" (Eastern territories of the German Empire). Pomerelia (now Pomeranian Voivodeship) was handed over to Poland after the Greater Poland Uprising. It was, however, annexed by Nazi Germany during the Second World War.
France had to pay an indemnity of five billion francs to the newly declared German Empire. Thereafter, the German Empire was widely viewed as having replaced France as the leading land power in Europe. The short-term French reaction was Revanchism: a sense of bitterness, hatred and demand for revenge against Germany, especially because of the loss of Alsace and Lorraine.Karine Varley, "The Taboos of Defeat: Unmentionable Memories of the Franco-Prussian War in France, 1870–1914." in Jenny Macleod, ed.
The German Empire was formed by 38 duchies and kingdoms each with their traditions of warfare. Although the new army of the united German Empire was nominally "German", it was formed from separate national contingents which behaved autonomously: Nevertheless, in times of war, all of these would pledge allegiance to the Kaiser and the German nation.Sheldon, Fighting the Somme, 2017, p. 34 They did however remain organizationally distinct, being able to raise units of their own without assistance from the dominating Prussians.
The Reichstag deputies of the Kingdom of Saxony were elected by male suffrage over the age of 25 across the Kingdom of Saxony from 1867 until the abolition of the Kingdom in 1918. Following the North German Confederation Treaty the Kingdom of Saxony entered the North German Confederation in 1866. As a consequence, the Kingdom returned Deputies to the Reichstag. After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire.
Painting for the Berlin Castle, unveiled on 22 March 1877. Oil on canvas, 4.34 x 7.32m, lost during the war. Only as a black-and-white photograph, shortened by about 40cm on the right edge The Proclamation of the German Empire (18 January 1871) is the title of several historical paintings by the German painter Anton von Werner. On 18 January 1871, Anton von Werner was present at the proclamation of the German Empire in Versailles in his capacity as a painter.
After the quick victory of an alliance of German states over France in the 1870 war, the German Empire was established in 1871. Bismarck had fought and succeeded in leaving out Austria, Prussia's long standing competitor, and Prussia became the largest and by far most influential state in the new German Empire, and in turn Germany became the most powerful nation in Europe. Wilhelm I became emperor ("Kaiser"). Bismarck became Chancellor and made Berlin the center of European power politics.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Rositz was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg. An RAF raid bombed the oil refinery in Rositz on February 14/15, 1945 as part of Operation Thunderclap.
The Länderbahnen (singular: Länderbahn) were the various state railways of the German Empire in the period from about 1840 to 1920, when they were merged into the Deutsche Reichsbahn after the First World War.
The President of the Reichstag was the presiding officer of the German legislature from 1871 to 1918, under the German Empire and again from 1920 to 1945, under the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany.
After the partition, the region was part of Kingdom of Prussia and later the German Empire and Nazi Germany. In 1945 it became part of Poland again. The settlement has a population of 380.
The German Social Party (German: Deutschsoziale Partei or DSP) was a far-right political party active in the German Empire. Also called the Deutschsoziale Antisemitische Partei, the DSP had antisemitism as its ideological basis.
Schulz was born in Bunzlau, Lower Silesia, German Empire (now Boleslawiec, Poland). Schulz' father was a Protestant. His mother came from a Jewish family. She converted to Christianity when Fritz was a small boy.
Hans Victor von Unruh (March 28, 1806 - February 4, 1886) was a Prussian civil servant and politician, President of the Prussian National Assembly of 1848 and Member of the Reichstag of the German Empire.
Berlin and Vienna: Urban & Fischer Näcke, along with Hans Gross, a professor of criminology, founded the archive of criminal anthropology and criminology in Dresden in 1898.Galassi, Silviana (2004). Criminology in the German Empire.
She landed at New York on 24 July after stops at Emden and Boston. After continuing on to New Orleans, Breslau was interned there after the German Empire had declared war, entering World War I.
He lived in Chicago for some time, and subsequently went to Alexandria, Egypt, where he died. Becker was an uncle of artist Paula Modersohn-Becker. William later became the first emperor of the German Empire.
Levi was born to Georg Levi and Emma Blum in Mulhouse in Alsace-Lorraine, then part of the German Empire. He received his Ph.D. in 1911 under Heinrich Martin Weber at the University of Strasbourg.
In 1902 Darracq & Co signed a contract with Adam Opel to jointly produce, under licence, vehicles in the German Empire with the brand name "Opel Darracq". Opel soon moved on to building their own vehicles.
The revolt triggered the German revolution which was to sweep aside the monarchy within a few days. It ultimately led to the end of the German Empire and to the establishment of the Weimar Republic.
Michalski was born on 25 June 1917 in Augsdorf in the Province of Saxony of the German Empire. In 1936, he volunteered for military service in the Luftwaffe and was promoted to Leutnant in 1938.
The Yildirim Army Group (also known as Thunderbolt Army Group and Army Group F) was established in June, commanded by the German Empire General Erich von Falkenhayn.Erickson 2001 pp. 159, 169, 171, 232, 2007 p.
After the 1898 Spanish–American War, the German Empire purchased the Caroline island group from Spain in 1899 together with the Marianas (except Guam) and 4 years later the Marshall Islands for 17 million goldmark.
In 1861, neighbouring suburbs including Wedding, Moabit and several others were incorporated into Berlin. In 1871, Berlin became capital of the newly founded German Empire. In 1881, it became a city district separate from Brandenburg.
Incorporated into the Prussian Silesia Province from 1815, Upper Silesia became an industrial area taking advantage of its plentiful coal and iron ore. Prussian Upper Silesia became a part of the German Empire in 1871.
A German nation-state was founded in 1871 called the German Empire as a Lesser Germany with the King of Prussia taking the throne of German Emperor (Deutscher Kaiser) and Bismarck becoming Chancellor of Germany.
Adolf Marschall von Bieberstein. Adolf Hermann Freiherr Marschall von Bieberstein (12 October 1842 in Karlsruhe – 24 September 1912 in Badenweiler) was a German politician and State Secretary of the Foreign Office of the German Empire.
Harlinghausen was born in Rheda, the German Empire in 1902. Son of industrialist Wilhelm Harlinghausen (1866–1942) and Therese Zurmühlen. He married Inge Ruhenstroth in 1940. Harlinghausen received his elementary and secondary education in 1922.
Later he was consulate in Bergen for Saxony, later for the North German Federation and 1871-76 for the German Empire. He remained a member of the Bergen city council until his death in 1892.
The last time the name made it into the top 1000 list of names was in 980, when it ranked 963 of the German Empire. Nivaldo's highest rank was 61, which was achieved in 345.
From his base in Prussia, Otto von Bismarck in the 1860s engineered a series of short, decisive wars, that unified most of the German states (excluding Austria) into a powerful German Empire under Prussian leadership. He humiliated France in the process, but kept on good terms with Austria-Hungary. With that accomplished by 1871 he then skillfully used balance of power diplomacy to preserve Germany's new role and keep Europe at peace. The new German Empire industrialized rapidly and challenged Britain for economic leadership.
Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 pages 103-104. Moltke's lawyers counterattacked using the subject of Elbe's sexuality, arguing that any woman who spoke openly of her sexuality was a deranged “hysterical nymphomaniac” who could not be trusted.Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 page 104. Bollhardt described attending champagne-filled parties at Lynar's villa at which he saw both Hohenau and Moltke.
The German Empire was put together in 1871 by Otto von Bismarck, who dominated German and indeed all of European diplomatic history until he was forced to resign in 1890. The new German Empire immediately became the dominant diplomatic, political, military and economic force in Europe, although it never had as large a population as Russia. Great Britain continued to dominate the world in naval affairs, international trade, and finance. The Germans tried to catch up in empire building but felt an inferiority complex.
The ', known before October 1916 as ' (The Air Corps of the German Empire),Grey and Thetford, P.xxix was the over-land air arm of the German Army during World War I (1914–1918). Although its name actually means something very close to "The German Air Force", it remained an integral part of the German Army for the duration of the war. The Kaiserliche Marine naval forces of the German Empire had their own, separate Marine- Fliegerabteilung maritime aviation forces, apart from the Luftstreitkräfte of the Army.
Romanian troops at Mărășești in 1917, during World War I King Milan I of Serbia was born in Mărăşeşti on 22 August 1854. In 1917 during World War I, the Battle of Mărăşeşti between the Kingdom of Romania and the German Empire was fought near the town. It was the last major battle between the German Empire and the Kingdom of Romania on the Romanian front during World War I. A mausoleum containing the remains of 5,073 Romanian soldiers was built to commemorate the Romanian victory.
Niemeyer: Tübingen, 2001. Page 167. Following the revolutions of 1848 in the German states, the ' was restored as a symbol of national unity: it became the coat of arms of the short-lived German Empire and subsequently the German Confederation from its restoration in 1850 until its dissolution in 1866. It was once again restored in 1871 when a single-headed eagle with a Prussian inescutcheon became the insignia of the German Empire; the single head was used to represent the so-called ', i.e.
On 16 January 1886, the parliament of the German Empire condemned the expulsion with a great majority of voices. Nevertheless, the parliamentary resolution was ignored by the Prussian government. A similar question was asked by the Polish MPs and the Centre Party in the parliament of Prussia, but the majority of voices necessary to condemn the expulsions was not obtained there, because political forces of anti-Polish orientation were represented much more strongly in the Prussian parliament than in the parliament of the German Empire.
The announcement of the dogma of papal infallibility gave new life to the project in 1870, along with the foundation of the German Empire under a Lutheran emperor in 1871. The builders were determined that the Protestant church should not be eclipsed by the cathedral, which required that its design had to be completely different from that of the Romanesque Cathedral. Forty-five architects from throughout the German empire applied for the call to tender. The five finalist architects all favoured the neo-Gothic style of architecture.
Within the Holy Roman Empire (962-1806), Rodach was part of the Duchy of Saxe- Coburg-Saalfeld (1699–1825). Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Rodach was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Cameroon from 1901-1972 The area of present-day Cameroon was claimed by Germany as a protectorate during the "Scramble for Africa" at the end of the 19th century. The German Empire named the territory Kamerun.
Count Georg Karl Elias Graf von Kanitz (6 September 1842 – 3 January 1922) was a member of the German Reichstag and military attaché to the Embassy of the German Empire in Tehran during World War I.
As the implantation of druidic lodges in the German empire was a success, inspiring some northern European countries to create their own UAOD Grand Lodges: Sweden (1906), Denmark (1924), Norway (1935) and more recently Iceland (2013).
Leopold Max Walther von Wiese und Kaiserswaldau (2 December 1876, Glatz, German Empire – 11 January 1969, Cologne, West Germany) was a German sociologist and economist, as well as professor and chairman of the German Sociological Association.
In 1914, South Africa entered World War I on behalf of the British Empire against the German Empire. South Africa subsequently conquered German South-West Africa and occupied it until the independence of Namibia in 1990.
Reichskommissar ( ,rendered as "Commissioner of the Empire", "Reich Commissioner" or "Imperial Commissioner"), in German history, was an official gubernatorial title used for various public offices during the period of the German Empire and the Third Reich.
Pp. 17. 18 January 1871: The proclamation of the German Empire in the Hall of Mirrors of the Palace of Versailles. Bismarck appears in white. The Grand Duke of Baden stands beside Wilhelm, leading the cheers.
Few years later, in 1870, Württemberger troops played a creditable part in the Battle of Wörth and in other operations of the Franco-Prussian War. In 1871, Württemberg became a member of the new German Empire.
Wilhelm Göcke (12 February 1898, Schwelm, German Empire – 20 October 1944, Fontana Liri, Italy) was an SS-Standartenführer, SS-Obersturmbannführer der Reserve der Waffen-SS and a commandant of Warsaw concentration camp and the Kovno Ghetto.
The Feldgendarmerie (, "field gendarmerie") were a type of military police units of the armies of the Kingdom of Saxony (from 1810), the German Empire and Nazi Germany until the conclusion of World War II in Europe.
Australia had captured the island of Nauru from the German Empire in 1914. After Japanese occupation during World War II, it became a UN Trust Territory under Australia and remained so until achieving independence in 1968.
He responded by stopping the harassment and cooperating with the Centre Party.Richard Blanke, Prussian Poland in the German Empire (1871–1900) (1981)Norman Davies, God's Playground: A History of Poland, Vol. 2: 1795 to the Present (2005).
Ornea, p. 136–137 The group of Convorbiri Critice writers also included D. Nanu, Corneliu Moldovanu, Emil Gârleanu, I. Dragoslav and Gheorghe Vâlsan.Ornea, p.137 In 1908, he decided to continue his studies in the German Empire.
The German Social Reform Party (German:Deutschsoziale Reformpartei or DSRP) was a German Empire antisemitic political party active from 1894 to 1900. It was a merger between the German Reform Party (DRP) and the German Social Party (DSP).
The 1900 European Figure Skating Championships were held on January 21 in Berlin, German Empire. Elite figure skaters competed for the title of European Champion in the category of men's singles. The competitors performed only compulsory figures.
The Jägers had left to Germany between 1914 and 1917 for military training and returned at eve of the civil war, many already as First World War veterans. They also received military support from the German Empire.
The Tuchola prisoner of war camp, located in the town of Tuchola (Tuchel, Тухоля), was built and operated by the German Empire from 1914 until 1918 and then by the Second Polish Republic from 1920 until 1921.
The lighthouse was commissioned by Kaiser Wilhelm II, who was also the original namesake of the Kiel Canal. Though the lighthouse serves a navigational purpose, it was also intended as a monument to glorify the German Empire.
The German Crown Jewels encompass the Imperial Regalia of the German Kingdom within the Holy Roman Empire until 1806. From 1871 until 1918 the Prussians kings redenominated the Prussian Crown Jewels as Crown jewels of the German Emperors. Formally the German Empire had no physical Crown jewels, though a model of a German State Crown was created and used in emblems. The term may also be used in reference to regalia of the various constitutive German monarchies that sprang from the Holy Roman Empire and later were unified in the German Empire.
Kaiser-Wilhelmsland formed part of German New Guinea (German: Deutsch- Neuguinea), the South Pacific protectorate of the German Empire. Named in honour of Wilhelm I, who reigned as German Emperor (Kaiser) from 1871 to 1888, it included the northern part of present-day Papua New Guinea. From 1884 until 1920 the territory was a protectorate () of the German Empire. Kaiser- Wilhelmsland, the Bismarck Archipelago (including New Mecklenburg and New Pomerania), the northern Solomon Islands, the Caroline Islands, Palau, Nauru, the Mariana Islands, and the Marshall Islands comprised German New Guinea.
The Kingdom of Lithuania was a short-lived constitutional monarchy created towards the end of World War I when Lithuania was under occupation by the German Empire. The Council of Lithuania declared Lithuania's independence on February 16, 1918, but the Council was unable to form a government, police, or other state institutions due to the continued presence of German troops. The Germans presented various proposals to incorporate Lithuania into the German Empire, particularly Prussia. The Lithuanians resisted this idea and hoped to preserve their independence by creating a separate constitutional monarchy.
Also German writer and statesman Goethe had always opposed this, writing: "Frankfurt, Bremen, Hamburg, Luebeck are large and brilliant, and their impact on the prosperity of Germany is incalculable. Yet, would they remain what they are if they were to lose their independence and be incorporated as provincial cities into one great German Empire? I have reason to doubt this." Only after Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck gradually built a unified German state under the Prussian royal house of Hohenzollern did Kleinstaaterei largely end in 1871 with the founding of the German Empire.
Yet neither Bismarck nor the Prussian nation wanted to burn their bridges and totally alienate the Rothschilds.Fritz Stern, Gold and Iron: Bismarck, Bleichröder and the Building of the German Empire, p. 17. What better way to avoid this fissure with the Rothschilds than to ask the Rothschilds to provide the name of an alternative bank. Rothschild gave the name of Gerson Bleichröder, who took over Bismarck's private banking transactions as well as the transfer of credits and/or placing of loans on behalf of the Prussian state and the German Empire.
With the founding of the German Empire and the signing of the Treaty of Frankfurt (10 May 1871), Otto von Bismarck emerged as a decisive figure in European history from 1871 to 1890. He retained control over Prussia and as well as the foreign and domestic policies of the new German Empire. Bismarck had built his reputation as a war-maker but changed overnight into a peacemaker. He skillfully used balance of power diplomacy to maintain Germany's position in a Europe which, despite many disputes and war scares, remained at peace.
Born on September 16, 1851, in Newton, Massachusetts, Davis attended the University of Paris in France, Heidelberg University in the German Empire, Frederick William University (now Humboldt University of Berlin) in the German Empire, then read law in 1874. He was a clerk with the United States Department of State from 1870 to 1872. He was a private secretary for United States Agent Bancroft Davis of the Joint High Commission in Geneva, Switzerland in 1872. He was a private secretary for United States Secretary of State Hamilton Fish from 1872 to 1873.
The Prussian Province of Pomerania within Prussia and the German Empire circa 1871. Prussia gained the southern parts of Swedish Pomerania in 1720,Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, invaded and annexed Pomerelia from Poland in 1772 and 1793, and gained the remainder of Swedish Pomerania in 1815, after the Napoleonic Wars. The former Brandenburg-Prussian Pomerania and the former Swedish parts were reorganized into the Prussian Province of Pomerania, while Pomerelia was made part of the Province of West Prussia. With Prussia, both provinces joined the newly constituted German Empire in 1871.
Like other towns of the Moselle, the German Empire annexed Scy-Chazelles as it grew, and the village was part of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 and from 1940 to 1944. On April 1, 1941, the town of Scy-Chazelles was renamed Sigach and was integrated into the urban of Metz (Stadtkreis Metz). During the Battle of Metz, Scy-Chazelles was defended by the 462nd Volks-Grenadier-Division of General Otto von Knobelsdorff's First Army. On November 21, 1944, Scy-Chazelles was liberated by General George S. Patton's Third Army.
By the end of the 19th century Breslau threatened to eclipse Berlin, capital of Prussia and the German Empire, as the financial centre of the country. The retail sector flourished too, represented by modern stores of Barasch, Molinari, Wertheim or Petersdorff. At the end of the German Empire Breslau had become the economic, cultural and administrative centre of Eastern Germany. While Breslau itself was mostly Protestant the city also housed the Roman Catholic Diocese of Breslau, the second-largest diocese in the world, and thus became entangled in Bismarcks Kulturkampf.
Federal prince (, "Princes of the Federation") was the generic term for the royal heads of state (monarchs) of the various states making up the German Empire, with the exception of the states that were republics and Alsace- Lorraine which had a special status. The empire was a federal state, with its constituent states remaining sovereign states. Among the states, the majority were monarchies, 3 states were republics and Alsace-Lorraine was an imperial territory ruled by a steward. The states became part of the German Empire by an 1871 treaty.
The constitution of 1 January 1871 was one step from the North German Confederation to the German Empire. Those steps did not create a new state but concerned the accession of the South German states. The North German Confederation was renamed, and some of its organs received a new title. The constitution of 1 January 1871 did have lasting significance in the German Empire despite of the new constitution of 4 May 1871: article 80 (not repeated in the new constitution) transformed most of the North German laws into Imperial laws.
St Maurice's Church () is a Roman Catholic church building located on Place Arnold in the Neustadt district of Strasbourg, France. It was built during the Annexation of Alsace-Lorraine into the German Empire in the late 19th century.
The Prussian Großer Zapfenstreich military tattoo is still in use by the modern Bundeswehr. The Iron Cross was adopted by the German Empire and its successor states, and is also still used as a symbol of the Bundeswehr.
Theo Shall (1896–1955) was a German stage and film actor.Goble p. 330 He was born in Metz when it was part of the German Empire but left following its occupation by France following the First World War.
The Aachen Bismarck Tower is one of 173 still-standing towers and columns (of the 240 originally built), which were constructed in the German Empire to commemorate the founder of the German state, Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898).
Albert Schweitzer grew up here in the late 19th century, when the region had been incorporated to the German Empire. The village is home to the International Albert Schweitzer Association (, "AISL") with a small museum and an archive.
Its Austrian part would become the SPÖ. The ADAV was the first German Labour Party, formed in Prussia prior to the establishment of the German Empire. It was active in the German Confederation, which included the Austrian Empire.
British historian E. H. Carr cites him as an example of a historian whose views are heavily influenced by the Zeitgeist: liberal during the German Empire, discouraged during the interwar period and deeply pessimistic after World War II.
In 1810, Bayreuth was acquired by Bavaria. In 1871, Bavaria became part of the new German Empire under the King of Prussia, but retained its internal independence, and it continues as a Land of the present-day Germany.
During the Battes of World War I, the regiment was assigned to the 1st Division, and the 1st Infantry Brigade (German Empire). After the war, the regiment was demobilized in December 1918, and finally dissolved in June 1919.
Joachim von Bertrab was born in the village of Sankt Andreasberg in the Duchy of Brunswick, the German Empire. He began his military service in his duchy's No. 46 Field Artillery Regiment as a leutnant.VanWyngarden, pp. 26–27.
Despite its name, the National-Social Association is considered a liberal party and had no relation to the 20th century Nazi Party, except their shared rejection of Marxism and claim to great power status for the German Empire.
Hugh Pitcairn (August 16, 1845 - July 19, 1911) served as the first United States consul general to Hamburg, German Empire from 1903 to 1908. He was the brother of Pennsylvania railroad magnate Robert Pitcairn and industrialist John Pitcairn.
However, since he still claimed to be the rightful King of Hanover, the Federal Council ruled that he would violate the peace of the German Empire if he succeeded to Brunswick. Lengthy negotiations ensued, but were never resolved.
The present inhabitants speak languages that are from the eastward push of Austronesian languages of the Lapita Culture complex, some 2,700 years ago. In 1899 the German Empire laid claim to the island, annexing it into German New Guinea.
The Oberlandesgerichte were first set up in the German Empire by the Courts Constitution Act of 27 January 1877. In Prussia, there had been Oberlandesgerichte as the higher provincial courts since 1808, known as Regierung from 1723 to 1808.
Tager was born in Hannover, German Empire. He married Minnie who died from cancer in 1974 aged 54."It’s in the DNA", Together, 2014, No. 9, pp. 22-23. Tager and Minnie had children Romie, Helen, Sharon, and Henry.
As part of Operation Faustschlag German Empire forces had been advancing on Sevastopol with a goal to capture the Black Sea Fleet. Having no support from the land forces, Admiral Sablin was forced enter negotiations regarding cessation of hostilities.
He was Secretary and United States Agent for the Joint High Commission in Geneva, Switzerland from 1871 to 1873. In 1874, he was appointed as the United States Envoy to the German Empire, serving in that position until 1877.
Bad Peterstal-Griesbach (Low Alemannic: Bad Petersdal-Griesbach) is a municipality in the district of Ortenau in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. Matthias Erzberger was murdered here on August 26, 1921, for signing the 1918 Armistice for the German Empire.
The garrison in Breslau mutinied in November, liberated convicts from jail, among them Rosa Luxemburg, looted shops and seized the offices of the Schlesische Zeitung, Breslau's biggest newspaper. When emperor Wilhelm II left the country the German Empire dissolved.
His government, however, had already announced its acceptance to the German Empire without his consent,Franz Herre, Bayerns Märchenkönig Ludwig II., 6. Aufl., Heyne, München 2001, , S. 263–265. while Ludwig still complained about France's loss in the war.
Schools were secularized, and religious instruction was forbidden to children between the ages of six and thirteen. The law did not apply to the provinces of Alsace or Lorraine, which were at the time part of the German Empire.
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual event sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion. The competition took place from February 23rd to 24th in Berlin, German Empire.
Eduard Gottlieb Profittlich, SJ (11 September 1890, in Birresdorf, village near Koblenz, German Empire – 22 February 1942, in Kirov, Soviet Union) was a Jesuit German Catholic archbishop, apostolic administrator of Estonia, victim of Soviet persecution, martyr and servant of God.
Club was mainly sold in East Germany, but also was or still is sold in the German Empire, Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, Allied-occupied Germany, East-Germany, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Romania, Kenya, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Cuba and Chile.
Wilhelm II and the victor of Liège, General Otto von Emmich, 1914 Moriz Freiherr von Lyncker (30 January 1853 - 20 January 1932) was a Prussian officer of the German Empire and Chief of the Military Cabinet of Emperor Wilhelm II.
A map of the railway The Grand Duchy of Oldenburg Railway (Großherzoglich Oldenburgische Eisenbahn or GOE) was the railway company that was run as a state railway for the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg (Großherzogtum Oldenburg), part of the German Empire.
Armand Apell (January 16, 1905 in Strasbourg, German Empire - July 3, 1990) was a French boxer. He competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics. In 1928, Apell won the silver medal in the flyweight class after losing the final against Antal Kocsis.
The population in 1846 was estimated at 553,300. It ceased to exist during World War I after the German Empire took control of the region in 1918. Russia surrendered the territory by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk on 3 March 1918.
The first full application of Bandenbekämpfung in practice, was the Herero and Namaqua genocide, a campaign of racial extermination and collective punishment that the German Empire undertook in German South West Africa (modern-day Namibia) against the Herero and Nama people.
During the First World War, Rouletabille is sent behind enemy lines to investigate the whereabouts of a French scientist who has been kidnapped and forced to work on a new super weapon for the German Empire at the Krupp armaments factory.
Rudolf von Eschwege was born in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe, the German Empire, on 25 February 1895.Franks et al 1993, p. 104. He was orphaned while young. He went to military school after completing his secondary education at Freiburg.
The Battle of Gumbinnen, initiated by forces of the German Empire on 20 August 1914, was a German offensive on the Eastern Front during the First World War. Because of the hastiness of the German attack, the Russian Army emerged victorious.
Hans Koch (August 13, 1912 – July 14, 1955) was an SS-Unterscharführer and member of staff at Auschwitz concentration camp. He was prosecuted at the Auschwitz Trial. Koch was born in Tangerhütte, German Empire. He worked as a laboratory assistant.
After Austria's defeat in the Third Coalition 1805, Aach came to the Grand Duchy of Baden, which joined the German Empire in 1871. After World War II Aach became a part of the new (West) German state of Baden-Württemberg.
Prussia itself became a part of the German Empire in 1871. After World War II Aach became a part of the new (West) German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Aach is known for its "Viez", the typical hard cider of the region.
Claude Montefiore. In Germany, Liberal communities stagnated since mid-century. Full and complete Jewish emancipation granted to all in the German Empire in 1871 largely diffused interest in harmonizing religion with Zeitgeist. Immigration from Eastern Europe also strengthened traditional elements.
It renamed the country to Deutsches Reich (conventionally translated to 'German Empire') and gave the Prussian King the title of German Emperor.Ernst Rudolf Huber: Deutsche Verfassungsgeschichte seit 1789. Vol. III: Bismarck und das Reich. 3rd edition, Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart [u. a.
Klaus Vondung (born 16 July 1941) is a German scholar on the fields of cultural and German studies. The focus of his academic work lies on the interplay of literature, politics and religion during the German Empire, Nazi Germany and beyond.
In 1871 the village became part of the German Empire. Since 1874, the rural community of Wüstewaltersdorf has been the seat of the administrative district of the same name, including the rural villages of Rzeczka, Grządki, Silesian Falkenberg and Siedlików.
This status allowed many women to study. Among them were important figures of the German Empire, such as Helene Stöcker or Gertrud Bäumer. Some women, for example Gertrud Bäumer in 1904, used the opportunity complete their studies with a doctorate.
Some of his depictions of the Middle East are in the Israel Museum's collection. In 1903, he retired and towards the end of his life, Haag left England and returned to the newly united German Empire, where he died in Oberwesel.
After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the Kingdom of Saxony ceded the town to the Kingdom of Prussia. Guben became the capital of a district within the Province of Brandenburg. In 1871, Guben became part of the German Empire.
To the southwest along the Dniester lay a border with the Kingdom of Romania, to the west Ukraine bordered the German Empire and Austria-Hungary. To the north were the German-occupied territories of Ober Ost and the Belarusian People's Republic.
Georg von Hantelmann was born into a minor Junker family on 9 October 1898. He was born in Rokietnice, Kingdom of Prussia, the German Empire (present day Rokietnica, Poland). He was the eldest son. He joined the army in 1916.
Jean Oser (1908–2002) was a German-American film editor.White p.368 He was born in the Alsatian capital of Strasbourg which then part of the German Empire but was subsequently transferred to France. He never had a French citizenship.
During World War I, between retreating Russian and advancing German troops, and the nearing occupation by the German Empire, then Maapäev -- the Salvation Committee of the Estonian National Council -- declared on 24 February 1918 the independence of Estonia. The German Empire did not recognise the newly- declared Republic of Estonia. However, after the defeat of the Central Powers in World War I in November 1918, Germany withdrew its troops from Estonia, and formally handed power in Estonia over to the Estonian Provisional Government on 19 November. The Russian Bolshevik invasion and the Estonian War of Independence followed.
The German Empire also rebuilt the trench system in Dybbøl, making it much bigger and more expansive. These additional reinforcements never got to be used however, as Denmark did not participate in World War I. These newer fortifications are still visible at the Dybbøl Museum to this day. In 1914, right before the advent of WW1, the German Empire celebrated the anniversary of their victory at Als. The celebrations were held at the newly constructed trench system at Dybbøl, where about 2.000 war veterans from both Germany and Austria-Hungary attended, along with the Emperor's brother, Prince Heinrich.
At the conclusion of the First World War, the German Empire signed the Armistice of 11 November 1918 as an end to hostilities with France, Britain, and the United States during the convoluted German Revolution of 1918–19, which began on 29 October 1918. Negotiations between the Allied powers regarding post-war Europe started on 18 January 1919 in the Salle de l'Horloge at the French Foreign Ministry on the Quai d'Orsay in Paris. Seventy delegates from 27 nations participated in the negotiations. The opposing nations of the German Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire were excluded from the negotiations.
Johannes Schleuning, representative of the Volga colonists campaigned for the protection of the German Empire and the right for a reverse migration to Germany. Pastor Immanuel Winkler, in the meantime, chairman of the main committee of the "All-Russian Federation of Russian Germans" campaigned for the creation of a "Crown Colony Crimea-Taurida". His goal was for all the colonists of Russia (southern Ukraine, Bessarabia, Crimea) to settle under the protection of Germany in the Crimea. Further, Winkler called for the inclusion of this colony in the German Empire and the granting of German nationality to the colonists.
Partitions of Poland in 1772, 1793 and 1795 – Russian Partition (red), Austrian Partition (green), and Prussian Partition (blue) Growth of Brandenburg-Prussia (1600-1795). At the time of the foundation of the German Empire in 1871, the Kingdom of Prussia was the largest and dominant part of the empire. Prussian territory east of the Oder–Neisse line included West Prussia and Posen (taken by Prussia in the first two Partitions of Poland in the 18th century), also Silesia, East Brandenburg, and Pomerania. Later, these territories would come to be called in Germany "Ostgebiete des deutschen Reiches" (Eastern territories of the German Empire).
A secret treaty was concluded between the Ottoman Empire and the German Empire on August 2, 1914. The Ottoman Empire was to enter the war on the side of the Central Powers one day after the German Empire declared war on Russia.. The alliance was ratified on 2 August by many high-ranking Ottoman officials, including Grand Vizier Said Halim Pasha, the Minister of War Enver Pasha, the Interior Minister Talat Pasha, and Head of Parliament Halil Bey. Gerard E. Silberstein, "The Central Powers and the Second Turkish Alliance, 1915." Slavic Review 24.1 (1965): 77-89.
On 18 January 1871 the German Empire is proclaimed in the Hall of Mirrors of the Palace of Versailles, painted by Anton von Werner. Late in the siege, Wilhelm I was proclaimed German Emperor on 18 January 1871 at the Palace of Versailles. The kingdoms of Bavaria, Württemberg, and Saxony, the states of Baden and Hesse, and the free cities of Hamburg and Bremen were unified with the North German Confederation to create the German Empire. The preliminary peace treaty was signed at Versailles, and the final peace treaty, the Treaty of Frankfurt, was signed on 10 May 1871.
Bydgoszcz (Bromberg) was part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1772, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia during the First Partition of Poland. As a part of Prussia, the city was affected by the unification of Germany in 1871 and became part of the German Empire. It would remain a part of the German Empire until the end of World War I. In February 1920, the Treaty of Versailles awarded the city and the surrounding region to the Second Polish Republic (the administrative region of Pomeranian Voivodeship). This resulted in a number of ethnic Germans leaving the region for Germany.
When the German Empire did not respond, Japan declared war on Germany on 23 August, occupying the former German possessions in the Caroline Islands, Palau Islands, Marshall Islands, and Marianas Islands. Kongō was quickly deployed towards the Central Pacific to patrol the sea lines of communication of the German Empire. Kongō returned to the port of Yokosuka, Japan, on 12 September, and one month later, she was assigned to the First Battleship Division. In October, Kongō and her new sister ship sortied off the Chinese coast in support of Japanese army units during the Siege of Tsingtao.
German South West Africa () was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1915, though Germany did not officially recognise its loss of this territory until the 1919 Treaty of Versailles. With a total area of 835,100 km², it was one and a half times the size of the mainland German Empire in Europe at the time. The colony had a population of around 2,600 Germans. German rule over this territory was punctuated by numerous rebellions by its native African peoples, which culminated in a campaign of German reprisals from 1904 to 1908 known as the Herero and Namaqua genocide.
1908 map of German dialects. Pan-Germanism ( or '), also occasionally known as Pan-Germanicism, is a pan-nationalist political idea. Pan-Germanists originally sought to unify all the German-speaking people - and possibly also Germanic-speaking peoples - in a single nation-state known as Großdeutschland. Pan-Germanism was highly influential in German politics in the 19th century during the unification of Germany when the German Empire was proclaimed as a nation-state in 1871 but without Austria (Kleindeutsche Lösung/Lesser Germany), and the first half of the 20th century in the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the German Empire.
During the on July 28, 1915, German Empire troops pushed the Russian Empire army up to the Lielupe. On July 31, the Germans forced the Lielupe near Bauska and around 8 pm Bauska was captured by the German Empire, receiving 1450 soldiers and war trophies. During the German occupation in 1916, a power station was built in Bauska by the . From March to November 1918, Bauska was part of the Duchy of Courland restored by the Baltic Germans and later the United Baltic Duchy, which, on November 18, lost power to the Latvian Provisional Government led by Kārlis Ulmanis.
In 1871, Silesia became part of the German Empire as a province of Prussia following the unification of Germany. The Upper Silesian Industrial Region was the second largest industrial agglomeration of the German Empire after the Ruhr area. Over decades the mainly Catholic Upper Silesian citizens in majority voted for the German Centre Party, while the Lower Silesian constituencies were dominated by the Free-minded Party and the Social Democrats. Ethnic tensions rose on the eve of World War I, with politicians like Wojciech Korfanty separating from the Centre Party and giving utterance to distinct Polish interests.
Wilhelm I had been the King of Prussia before the formation of a German Empire due largely to Bismarck's efforts. As the monarch of the largest German state which had a key role in the unification, Emperor Wilhelm I had ruled over the German Empire ever since the unification of Germany on 18 January 1871. He lived until he was almost 91 years old and reigned over Prussia for 27 years and over Germany for 17 years. His son, Crown Prince Frederick William, was celebrated for his military actions because of his leadership during the wars fought to unify Germany.
On 28 January 1900, representatives from 86 football clubs from German-speaking areas in and outside the German Empire met in the restaurant Mariengarten in Leipzig, founding the DFB. The founding meeting was led by E. J. Kirmse, chairman of the Leipziger Fussball Verband (Leipzig Football Association). Ferdinand Hueppe, representing the DFC Prag, was elected first president of the DFB. Already some years before 1900, associations like the Bund Deutscher Fussballspieler or Deutscher Fussball und Cricket-Bund were founded, but they were limited to smaller areas of the German Empire, in those cases to areas around Berlin.
Renata Johanna von Scheliha (born 16 August 1901 in Zessel, Oels, Silesia, German Empire; died 4 November 1967 in New York, USA) was a German classical philologist. Alt URL She authored a number of books, treatises and monographs and carried out several translations.
Bismarck reported himself impressed by Bülow's calmness and demeanour during the interview.Massie p. 141 In Russia, he acted as chargé d'affaires in 1887 advocating ethnic cleansing of Poles from Polish territories of the German Empire in a future armed conflict.Hostages of Modernization, ed.
The new state bank was to act as Morocco's Central Bank, but with a strict cap on the spending of the Sherifian Empire, with administrators appointed by the national banks that guaranteed the loans: the German Empire, United Kingdom, France and Spain.
He was born near Kleve, the son of Nicolaas Adriaan Steengracht van Moyland, a Dutch nobleman who received the title of Baron in 1888. Shortly after his birth, Moyland was made a naturalized citizen of Prussia and the German Empire in 1902.
1997; . S. 186Frank Noack: "Jannings. Der erste deutsche Weltstar". Collection Rolf Heyne, München 2012 Jannings held German citizenship; while he was still young the family moved to Leipzig in the German Empire and further to Görlitz after the early death of his father.
Since then, Chodzież has always been an important and significant center of pottery industry. The German Empire was created in 1871, and in October 1874 a system of civil registration offices were created. Chodziesen was chosen for its area. (See Standesamt Kolmar).
Charles Gonthier, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (; 7 August 1830 - 28 March 1909) was the ruler of the principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, a constituent state of the German Empire, and head of the House of Schwarzburg from 17 July 1880 until his death.
They, thus, were dynastically in one or the other way linked to the Electorate of Saxony, at that time a major power in the German Empire. Starting from the 19th century, Prussia successively gained control over the northern parts of Central Germany.
2, Stettin 1784, p. 996, no. 109 (in German) In the 18th century the village became part of the Kingdom of Prussia, and in 1871 it became part of the German Empire. In 1814 the manor was sold to the family Arnold.
This fort was part of a wider program of fortifications called "Moselstellung" encompassing fortresses scattered between Thionville and Metz in the Moselle valley. The aim of Germany was to protect against a French campaign to take back Alsace-Lorraine from the German Empire.
One of the biggest sex scandals in the German Empire under Emperor Wilhelm II took place in January 1891 in the hunting lodge, when 15 ladies and gentlemen of the aristocratic court society celebrated an orgy there and this became known nationwide.
Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Carl Borckenhagen (15 July 1850 – 17 June 1917) was an Admiral in the Imperial German Navy. He was also an influential writer on naval strategy, and pivotal in introducing the ideas of geostrategist Alfred Thayer Mahan into the German Empire.
The war cut off the importation of fine German-produced cards as well as dyes used for ink--which were largely produced by the German Empire. Production of some postcards would continue during the war, to support propaganda efforts and troop morale.
6, Jan Thorbecke Verlag GmbH & Co, Stuttgart, and connects it to Ostsiedlung.Arne Franke, Das schlesische Elysium, 2005, p.372, Publications published in German Empire disputed the origin of Kowary Theodor Eisenmänger, Geschichte der Stadt Schmiedeberg im Riesengebirge, Verlag May Woywod, Breslau, 1900, p.
Lessie Sachs was born in 1897 in Breslau, then a city in the German Empire. She was the only child of neurologist Heinrich Sachs. Sachs attended schools in Breslau and Munich, where she studied arts and crafts. Sachs primarily wrote lyrical love poems.
Waldemar Hermann Gerhard Kowalewski was born March 27, 1876 in Alt Järshagen in Pomerania, then part of the German Empire. "Kowa- Kozeluch", Allgemeine deutsche Biographie & Neue deutsche Biographie. Retrieved May 20, 2010. He was the son of Julius Leonard Kowalewski, a school teacher.
Marie was a sister of Prince Maximilian of Baden, Chancellor of the German Empire. On 2 July 1889 she married Friedrich, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt in Karlsruhe. The marriage was childless. In 1904 her husband ascended the throne as the Duke of Anhalt.
The German Empire (1871–1918) inflicted the death penalty for some forms of (1) high treason and for (2) murder. Murder was defined as killing with premeditation; only murder or attempted murder of one's sovereign was capital treason.§ 80, 211 StGB 1871.
The German West African Company was established as a chartered company with a headquarters in Hamburg. The company was active in both Kamerun and Togoland. Following years of little profits, the company was absorbed by the German Empire on November 13, 1903.
He was a strong support of Wilhelmine governance and an opponent of parliamentarism, and even considered that Sweden might one day be part of the German Empire. His replacement in the role was Helmuth Lucius von Stoedten, an opponent of Swedish activism.
Strehlow was born in Stettin"Milwaukee to Get Port Ideas in European Harbors". Milwaukee Sentinel September 29, 1928; p. 9, col. 3 (now Szczecin, then part of the German Empire) on January 31, 1867 and was educated in the public schools there.
In Finland, it became known as the Viipuri Province. On July 24, 1905 Wilhelm II of the German Empire and Tsar Nicholas II of Russia signed the Treaty of Björkö (Treaty of Koivisto) as a secret mutual defense accord.Fay, pp. 68-69.
Thumann was born in Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, Bavaria, German Empire in 1912. In the 1930s he joined the Nazi party (member no. 1,726,633) and the SS (member no. 24,444). He then served as a guard at Dachau concentration camp from 1933 onward.
Image of Dresden during the 1890s, before extensive World War II destruction. Landmarks include Dresden Frauenkirche, Augustus Bridge, and Katholische Hofkirche. During the foundation of the German Empire in 1871, a large military facility called Albertstadt was built.Rüdiger Nern, Erich Sachße, Bert Wawrzinek.
It was primarily composed of Austroslavs who wanted greater freedom within the Empire, but their status as peasants and proletarians surrounded by a German middle class doomed their autonomy . They also disliked the prospect of annexation of Bohemia to a German Empire.
Levin Schücking, 1848 Levin Schücking (full name: Christoph Bernhard Levin Matthias Schücking; September 6, 1814 – August 31, 1883) was a German novelist. He was born near Meppen, Kingdom of Prussia, and died in Bad Pyrmont, German Empire. He was the uncle of Levin Ludwig Schücking.
September was the most costly month of the battle for the German armies which suffered about Combined with the losses at Verdun and on the Eastern Front, the German Empire was brought closer to military collapse than at any time before the autumn of 1918.
Margherita Sacchetto was born in Munich, in what was then the German Empire, on 15 January 1880. Her father was from Venice, and her mother was Austrian. She trained as a dancer in Munich.Emily M. Burbank, "Rita Sacchetto" Putnam's Magazine (November 1909): 186-191.
Following the unification of the Frankish kingdoms in the mid-8th century, Alzey was assigned by the 843 Treaty of Verdun to the Kingdom of the East Franks, a forerunner of the German Empire. In 897, Alzey was first mentioned as an Imperial fief.
Madison: David Atwood, State Printer, 1879; p. 497 After 1879, he abandoned the Greenback movement and returned to the Democratic Party. In 1893, he was appointed as the United States Consul for Stettin, in his native province of Pomerania, now part of the German Empire.
Max Winkler (7 September 1875 – 12 October 1961) was a politician and senior political appointee in the local government of West Prussia, the national government of the German Empire, the Nazi government of the German Reich, and the post-war government of West Germany.
Anne Marie makes friends with the neighbor's daughter, Margot Thielen, and two cousins, Marlene Ulrich and Ilse Hermann. Also Anne Marie is attracted to the naughty Hilde Rabe. The book describes the school day in the German Empire. In class a hierarchy is introduced.
Georg Meyer was born in Bremen in the German Empire on 11 January 1893. His father was a merchant. After George Meyer completed elementary and high school, he went to work for the customs service from 1911-1912. He also completed his required military service.
They started looking for scapegoats. The hunger and popular dissatisfaction with the war precipitated revolution throughout Germany. By 11 November Germany had virtually surrendered, the Kaiser and all the royal families had abdicated, and the German Empire had been replaced by the Weimar Republic.
The list of ships of the Imperial German Navy includes all ships commissioned into service with the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine) of Germany, covering the period from 1871, the creation of the German Empire, through to the end of the Empire in 1918.
Between 1807 and 1871, Prussia swallowed up many of the smaller states, with minimal protest, then went on to found the German Empire. In the process, Prussia became too heterogeneous, lost its identity, and by the 1930s had become an administrative shell of little importance.
William Craig was born in Nuremberg, German Empire, on November 13, 1918. He graduated from Harvard University with a Ph.D in 1951. He married Julia Rebecca Dwight Wilson and had four children: Ruth, Walter, Sarah, and Deborah. In 1959 he moved to UC Berkeley.
The siege of Paris – that took place from 19 September 1870 to 28 January 1871 and the consequent capture of the city by Prussian force – culminated in France's defeat in the Franco-Prussian War and the establishment of both the German Empire and Paris Commune.
The Battle of Hoyerswerda occurred nearby in 1759 during the Seven Years' War. In 1815, Hoyerswerda became part of the Prussian Province of Silesia. In 1871, with Prussia it became part of the German Empire. In 1873 a new railway between Hoyerswerda and Ruhland opened.
The population of the small village increased up to 845 residents. By courtesy of worldwide discoveries of potash deposits, the German Empire lost their monopoly. In fact of that, the mine in Beienrode was closed. Until 1966 the mine was always ready for operation.
Precursor of the Handelsgesetzbuch (HGB) was the Allgemeines Deutsches Handelsgesetzbuch (ADHGB) of 1861. ADHGB was replaced in the German Empire by the HGB, that was legislated on 10 May 1897. The HGB came into force together with the Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) on 1 January 1900.
Meyer, p. 401 After the capitulation of the German Empire in 1918, he was retained in the Reichswehr. During the early 1920s, he took part in the suppression of the Silesian Uprisings. He was promoted to Oberleutnant in July 1925 and Hauptmann in 1930.
Hermann Habich was born in Plättig, the Grand Duchy of Baden, the German Empire on 15 August 1895. He was a pioneer aviator, having gained his license, number 697, before the start of World War I, on 17 March 1914.Franks, et al., p. 122.
The Austro-Hungarian High Command, worried by the huge losses, requested assistance from the German Empire, which was not yet formally in the war against Italy. This would eventually lead to German intervention on the Italian front starting with the Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo.
Skutsch was born on 6 December 1906 in Breslau, then in the German Empire. He was the third child of Franz Skutsch, a German classical philologist. He was six years old when his father died. He was educated at the Friedrichs-Gymnasium in Breslau.
Alfons Nagler was born on 4 August 1893 in Ertingen, Kingdom of Württemberg, the German Empire. As part of his education, he trained as a mechanic. As a mechanic, he enlisted in the Imperial German Air Service as a reservist on 4 October 1913.
Joseph-Louis Mundwiller (1886–1967) was a cinematographer. He was born in Mülhausen in Alsace following the region's annexation into the German Empire after the Franco-Prussian War. He worked in the French cinema. In 1909 he directed an early travelogue Moscow Clad in Snow.
The ' () is a German orchestra and the resident orchestra of the Berlin State Opera, Unter den Linden. The orchestra is one of the oldest in the world. Until the fall of the German Empire in 1918 the orchestra's name was "Königliche Kapelle", i.e. Royal Orchestra.
The Battle of Narungombe was fought between the German Empire and Portugal during the East African Campaign of World War I. The battle honour "Narungombe" has been granted to the Ghana Regiment, King's African Rifles and the South African 7th and 8th Infantry Regiment.
Solgne became part of France in 1661, but Alsace-Lorraine which Solgne lay in, was later under the German Empire from 1871 to 1918. Église Saint-Étienne was built in 1718 and restored in 1859. The village of Ancy-les-Solgne joined Solgne in 1810.
Kappler was born to a middle-class family in Stuttgart in the German Empire. Herbert Kappler joined the Nazi Party on 1 August 1931. He joined the SS in 1933. In January 1936, he was assigned to duty at the Gestapo main office of Stuttgart.
Reille, who carried a letter offering to surrender. After reading it, von Moltke sent Reille back with a letter of acceptance. Wimpffen was ordered to arrange the surrender. This day, Sedantag in German (French journée de Sedan), became a holiday in the German Empire.
In a flight demonstration on 18 June 1910 in Szczecin (then German Empire) he fell from a height of about 75 meters. This was the first death of a civil pilot on the German ground. In 1947, a street in Munich was named after him.
In 1815 following the Napoleonic Wars, Bonn became part of the Kingdom of Prussia. Administered within the Prussian Rhine Province, the city became part of the German Empire in 1871 during the Prussian-led unification of Germany. Bonn was of little relevance in these years.
18 January 1871: The proclamation of the German Empire in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles. Bismarck appears in white. The Grand Duke of Baden stands beside Wilhelm, leading the cheers. Crown Prince Friedrich, later Friedrich III, stands on his father's right.
Frederick "Fred" Cresser (born March, 1872, date of death unknown) was an American rower who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. He was born in the German Empire. In 1904, he was part of the American boat, which won the gold medal in the eights.
Goldmark (, officially just Mark, sign: ℳ) was the gold standard-based currency of the German Empire from 1873 to 1914. Papiermark was the much- devaluated Mark after the gold standard was given up in August 1914, and gold and silver coins ceased to circulate.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Annaberg Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Auerbach Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
Merten was born on 15 August 1905 in Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen in the German Empire, present-day Poznań, Poland. His father was Dr. jur. Karl-Friedrich Merten, who in 1910 became the mayor of Elbing, present day Elbląg.Stockert 2012, p. 187.
Although cartels existed in all economically developed countries, the core area of cartel activities was in central Europe. The German Empire and Austria-Hungary were nicknamed the "lands of the cartels".Holm A. Leonhardt: Kartelltheorie und Internationale Beziehungen. Theoriegeschichtliche Studien, Hildesheim 2013, S. 83–84.
Kurt Adolf Monnington was born on 29 September 1891 in Hamburg, the German Empire. The Aerodrome website's page on Monnington. His original service during World War I was with the German ground forces. He won an Iron Cross Second Class on 14 June 1915.
A Friedrichshafen FF.33. Photo taken 1 July 1916. Karl Meyer was born on 29 January 1894 in Mulhouse, Alsace- Lorraine, then part of the German Empire. During his World War I flying service, he was attached to the Marinefliegerkorps (German Naval Air Service).
Following the United States' entry into World War I, the Haitian government protested against the heavy German submarine activity in the area. Haiti expelled all Germans from the country and the German Empire broke off diplomatic relations with Port-au-Prince on June 16, 1917.
Werner Vordtriede (18 March 1915 – 25 September 1985) was a German professor and an important translator, editor and writer born in the German Empire. He was persecuted as a half-Jew (Mischling) in the National Socialism period, and had to emigrate as young man.
Hans Meyer (born 3 November 1942 in Briesen near Bilin, German Empire, today Bílina, Czech Republic) is a German former football player and manager. Meyer was featured on the cover of EA Sports' video game FUSSBALL MANAGER 08 (FIFA Manager 08, German version only).
Mina Witkojc Grave of Mina Witkojc Mina Witkojc (28 May 1893, in Burg, German Empire - 11 November 1975, in Kolkwitz, East Germany) was a Sorbian journalist, ethnic advocate, and poet.Stone, Gerald. 2015. Slav Outposts in Central European History: The Wends, Sorbs and Kashubs. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Baden as it stood from 1806 to 1945 This list contains an overview of the locomotives of the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway (Großherzogliche Baden Staatsbahn), the national railway of the Grand Duchy of Baden, a sovereign state within the German Empire until 1920.
The expansion of the German Empire briefly expanded the German language outside of Central Europe to areas in Africa and New Guinea. In the Austro-Hungarian Empire and German Empire, German was a high status language spoken by upper middle classes and settlers in large parts of current day Poland, Slovakia, and elsewhere in Eastern Europe. Extent of German language speakers in 1910 The expulsion of ethnic Germans from Eastern Europe led to a rapid contraction the German Sprachraum, although not a significant erosion of the language. Dialects from areas where German- speakers were fully displaced largely disappeared, including Silesian German or High Prussian.
Crown of William II, Hohenzollern Castle Prussian Crown Jewels, Charlottenburg Palace The Prussian Crown Jewels (German: Preußischen Kronjuwelen) is the royal regalia, consisting of two crowns, an orb and a sceptre, used during the coronation of the monarchs of Prussia from the House of Hohenzollern. After the King of Prussia became German Emperor on the establishment of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, they were no longer used as the position of King of Prussia while still remaining, was a title of minor importance compared to the new role as German Emperor. There was no crown for the German Empire, although a heraldic version existed.
In 1870, war erupted between France and Prussia in the Franco- Prussian War. The Bavarian Army was sent under the command of the Prussian crown prince against the French army. King Ludwig II With France's defeat and humiliation against the combined German forces, it was Ludwig II who proposed that Prussian King Wilhelm I be proclaimed German Emperor or "Kaiser" of the German Empire ("Deutsches Reich"), which occurred in 1871 in German-occupied Versailles, France. The territories of the German Empire were declared, which included the states of the North German Confederation and all of the south German states, with the major exception of Austria.
As the Franco- Prussian War drew to a close, King Ludwig II of Bavaria was persuaded to ask King Wilhelm to assume the crown of the new German Empire. On 1 January 1871, the Empire was declared by the presiding princes and generals in the Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles, near Paris. The Diet of the North German Confederation moved to rename the North German Confederation as the German Empire and gave the title of German Emperor to the King of Prussia. The new constitution of the state, the Constitution of the German Confederation, effectively transformed the Diet of the Confederation into the German Parliament (Reichstag).
He was awarded the Royal Geographical Society's Founder's Gold Medal in 1882. After the establishment by France of a protectorate over Tunisia, Nachtigal was sent as consul-general for the German Empire and remained there until 1884. Thereafter he was appointed by Chancellor Otto von Bismarck as special commissioner for West Africa. Local German business interests in that region began advocating for protection by the German Empire after they had acquired huge properties in West Africa. Nachtigal’s task was thus to accept that real estate on behalf of Germany before the British could advance their own interests -- and Togoland and Kamerun became Germany’s first colonial possessions.
Flag of the North German Confederation (1866–71) and the German Empire (1871–1918) Imperial Germany 1871–1918 Chancellor Otto von Bismarck determined the political course of the German Empire until 1890. He fostered alliances in Europe to contain France on the one hand and aspired to consolidate Germany's influence in Europe on the other. His principal domestic policies focused on the suppression of socialism and the reduction of the strong influence of the Roman Catholic Church on its adherents. He issued a series of anti-socialist laws in accord with a set of social laws, that included universal health care, pension plans and other social security programs.
Winkler's proposal for a mass naturalization of the colonists was also rejected due to German policy that citizenship was granted only on an individual basis and to specific groups of people, i.e., persons who served the German Empire (recruits for the military and their immediate family members.) Following the collapse of the German Empire in November 1918 and the withdrawal of German and Austrian troops, representatives of the Russian Germans finally abandoned their plans. Now, traces of Immanuel Winkler blur. Probably, he fled to Germany after the withdrawal of German and Austrian troops, where in 1920 his daughter Irene and second son Gerhard were born in Frankfurt an der Oder.
The Austrian Empire laid claim to be the heir of the Holy Roman Empire as Austria's Habsburgs attempted to unite Germany under their rule. The German Empire, established in 1871, also claimed to be a successor of Rome through the lineage of the Holy Roman Empire. Both of these empires used the imperial title Kaiser (derived from the Latin word "Caesar"), the German word for emperor. The German Empire and Austria-Hungary, successor of the Austrian Empire, would both fall in the aftermath of the First World War along with the Russian and Ottoman Empires who had both claimed succession from the Eastern Roman Empire.
Sibylla in 1917 Prince Hubertus was born on 24 August 1909 at Reinhardsbrunn Castle, German Empire. A 72-gun salute took place at Friedenstein Palace 40 minutes after the Prince's birth. The third child and second son of Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, and Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig- Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, he was christened Dietmar Hubertus Friedrich Wilhelm Philipp on 21 September with his maternal grandfather, Friedrich Ferdinand, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, serving as godfather. Besides ruling a state of the German Empire, Charles Edward was a British peer and a British prince as the grandson of Queen Victoria.
Between Berlin and Rome, Bismarck (left) confronts Pope Pius IX, 1875 Unification into the German Empire in 1871 saw a country with a Protestant majority and large Catholic minority, speaking German or Polish. Anti-Catholicism was common.Michael B. Gross, The war against Catholicism: Liberalism and the anti- Catholic imagination in nineteenth-century Germany (U of Michigan Press, 2004). The powerful German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck—a devout Lutheran—forged an alliance with secular liberals in 1871–1878 to launch a Kulturkampf (literally, "culture struggle") especially in Prussia, the largest state in the new German Empire to destroy the political power of the Catholic Church and the Pope.
Wilhelm, German Emperor and King of Prussia German constitution of 1871, simplified scheme The Constitution of the German Empire () was the basic law of the German Empire of 1871-1918, from 16 April 1871, coming into effect on 4 May 1871. German historians often refer to it as Bismarck's imperial constitution, in German the Bismarcksche Reichsverfassung (BRV). According to the constitution, the empire was a federation (federally organised national state) of 25 German states under the permanent presidency of Prussia, the largest and most powerful state. The presidency of the confederation (Bundespräsidium) was a hereditary office of the King of Prussia, who had the title of German Emperor.
During the years 1857–1896 Sauerwein checked and revised a dozen translations for the British and Foreign Bible Society and translated parts of the Old Testament to Madagascan and the Gospel according to St. John to Kabyle. As an acknowledged pacifist, Sauerwein was involved in opposition to what he perceived as the imperialism of German Empire Germany under the Kaiser. He was a supporter of the minority languages within the German Empire: Sorbian in Brandenburgian Lower Lusatia and Lithuanian in East Prussian Lithuania Minor. He stayed frequently in Spreewald near Berlin and in Memel (Klaipėda) and Tilsit, where he stood forth as poet, public orator and politician.
Knight's Cross, reverse The Military Merit Order (Militärverdienstorden) was a military order of the Kingdom of Württemberg, which joined the German Empire in 1871. The order was one of the older military orders of the states of the German Empire. It was founded on February 11, 1759 by Karl Eugen, Duke of Württemberg as the Militär-Carls-Orden, and was renamed the Militärverdienstorden on November 11, 1806 by King Friedrich I. The order underwent several more revisions over the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries. It became obsolete with the fall of the Württemberg monarchy in the wake of Germany's defeat in World War I.
The situation, however, lost momentum and took a blow with the events that unfolded next. In 1914, the Ottoman Empire allied itself with the German Empire and formed the Ottoman–German Alliance. It was this binding alliance that ultimately led the Ottoman Empire to enter the First World War in August 1914 on the side of the Central Powers (composed of the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Kingdom of Bulgaria) in battling the Triple Entente or the Allied Forces of Britain, France and Russia later joined by the United States. The outbreak of World War I brought Greater Syria further problems.
Klaipėda Directorate in 1923. Simonaitis is sitting in the center. According to the Treaty of Versailles, the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory) was detached from the German Empire and placed under provisional French administration. French General Dominique Joseph Odry established seven-member Directorate (local government) in February 1920.
Kleist spent a very long time as a lieutenant with multiple dislocations to other units. He was made on December 15, 1863 the adjutant of the 8th Cavalry Brigade, 1866 adjutant of the 7th Division (German Empire) and there promoted on July 20, 1866 to first lieutenant.
190, 217. The battlefield successes of Prussia allowed the unification of Germany, aside from Austria, in 1871 and the crowning of King William I of Prussia as William I, German Emperor. The Prussian Army formed the main component of the Reichsheer, the army of the German Empire.
Fritz Schmenkel. Fritz Paul Schmenkel (14 February 1916 in Warsow bei Stettin, German Empire – 22 February 1944 in Minsk, German-occupied Byelorussian SSR, Soviet Union) was a German communist and resistance fighter against Nazism, who fought with the Soviet partisans in Belarus during the Great Patriotic War.
That same year the Smiths traveled to the German Empire and Switzerland, where they preached in several major cities. In 1875, they returned to England and conducted meetings in Brighton. Due to a sexual scandal involving Robert, their visit to England came to an abrupt halt.
The headquarters of the republic's armed forces was called the General Bulawa and was considered to be located in Kyiv. Of course, due to constant intervention from the Petrograd sovnarkom and the German Empire the physical location of it was changing (Kamyanets-Podilsky, Bila Tserkva, others).
One of these railroads was the Cologne-Minden Railroad. Gerson Bleichröder just happened be the banker for the Cologne-Minden Railroad and sat on the Board of Directors of the railroad.Fritz Stern, Gold and Iron: Bismarck, Bleichröder and the Building of the German Empire, p. 62.
Willy Kaiser (16 January 1912 - 24 July 1986) was a German boxer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. Kaiser was born in Pudewitz, Province of Posen, German Empire. He won the gold medal in the flyweight class after winning the final against Gavino Matta in 1936.
Filip Hristić (; 27 March 1819, Belgrade - 29 January 1905, Menton, France) was a Serbian politician serving as the Prime Minister of Serbia, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Education, Governor of National Bank, ambassador of Serbia in Ottoman Empire, Austrian Empire, German Empire and United Kingdom.
"One People! One Emperor! One God!", German postcard, about 1900 From the 1871 German unification until 1918, black, white, and red were widely accepted as the national colours of the German Empire, though they were not officially adopted as the imperial flag by law before 1892.
As part of the nationalization of private railway companies in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, both railway stations in the city underwent a single administration in 1913. In 1892 the Chancellor of the German Empire Otto von Bismarck arrived at Iglau Nordwestbahnhof during his visit in the city.
The battalion was established during the German Empire as a battalion of the Royal Prussian Army and saw active service during the First World War. In 1919, its headquarters was moved to Kassel and it was merged with the 11th Medical Battalion.Armee-Verordnungs-Blatt, Vol. 53, p.
As a result, on January 18, 1871 the King of Prussia was proclaimed German Emperor and so Prince Georg no longer ruled over an independent state as Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt became a state of the German Empire and therefore Prince Georg was subordinate to the German Emperor.
This page lists Foreign Ministers of Prussia. After the creation of the German Empire in 1871, the Imperial Chancellor was normally also Foreign Minister of Prussia. However, during the chancellorship of Prince Hohenlohe (1894–1900), the position was held by the State Secretaries for Foreign Affairs.
The Würzburg Soviet Republic was an unrecognised, short-lived state, existing for just 3 days in April 1919. It consisted of the Bavarian district of Lower Franconia, Germany. The republic was established amid the German Revolution (after defeat of the German Empire in World War I).
This List of Diplomats from the United Kingdom to other German States deals with diplomatic representation in Germany before German unification in the late 19th century. In that period, Germany consisted of many small sovereign states within the Holy Roman Empire (until 1805) then the German Empire.
1866—Hanover becomes a province of Prussia. 1871—Part of the German Empire. 1938—Kristallnacht: the German police and SA broke down into Jewish houses and carried out mass arrests, beatings and tortures of Jews. Germans burned down the synagogue and destroyed Jewish homes and enterprises.
After the War of Austrian Succession, the city and region were annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia, and later became part of the German Empire. After World War II, Wrocław and most of Silesia were transferred to Poland and its population, almost totally German-speaking, was expelled.
The village was founded in 1579 based on Kulm law within the Duchy of Prussia, later becoming part of Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany. Before 1945 the area was part of Germany (East Prussia). The village has a population of 210.
Until today, the "rugi pruskie" or the Prussian mass deportations, serve as Polish national symbol of gross injustice experienced by the Poles at the hands of the anti-Polish forces of Prussia, the German Empire, and Otto von Bismarck personally, during the time when Poland remained occupied.
After the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Leipzig City Reichstag constituency returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
The Alsacienne or is a breed of domestic chicken from Alsace, in eastern France. It was selectively bred in the 1890s, at a time when Alsace was part of the German Empire. Unlike most other French breeds, it has not been cross- bred with imported Oriental stock.
Thomas Henry Dyer. Modern Europe from the fall of Constantinople to the establishment of the German Empire, A.D. 1453–1871. London: G. Bell & Sons, 1877. p. 331 The various interested parties—Russian, Prussian, Austrian, Saxon, Swedish, Bavarian, British and others—explored the possibilities of new alliances.
The single-headed Prussian Eagle (on a white background; blazoned: Argent, an eagle displayed sable) was used as an escutcheon to represent the Prussian kings as dynasts of the German Empire. The Weimar Republic introduced a version in which the escutcheon and other monarchical symbols were removed.
On 16 May 1904, the King of Württemberg issued a decree that "women in the German Empire should be able to apply to the University of Tübingen under the same conditions as their male peers". From 1 December 1905 this also applied to the Technische Hochschule Stuttgart.
In response the German Empire declared war on the Kingdom of Romania on 27 August, with the Kingdom of Bulgaria following suit on 1 September. On the next day the Bulgarian Third Army initiated the Central Powers' first major offensive of the campaign by invading Southern Dobruja.
The Treaty of Versailles was signed with the German Empire before the Treaty of Sèvres and annulled German concessions in the Ottoman sphere, including economic rights and enterprises. Also, France, Britain, and Italy signed a Tripartite Agreement on the same date.The Times (London), 27. Idem., Jan.
64, 1949 The variation "barefoot and pregnant in the kitchen" has been associated with the phrase "Kinder, Küche, Kirche" (translated "children, kitchen, church"), used under the German Empire to describe a woman's role in society. A comparable phrase, "Good Wife, Wise Mother", emerged in Meiji Japan.
Ottoman rule over the eastern Mediterranean lasted until World War I when the Ottomans sided with the German Empire and the Central Powers. During World War I, the Ottomans were driven from much of the region by the British Empire during the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire.
German kingdom (blue) in the Holy Roman Empire around 1000 This is a list of monarchs who ruled over East Francia, and the Kingdom of Germany (Regnum Teutonicum), from the division of the Frankish Empire in 843 until the collapse of the German Empire in 1918.
President Woodrow Wilson asking Congress to declare war on Germany on April 2, 1917. On April 2, 1917, President Woodrow Wilson asked a special joint session of the United States Congress for a declaration of war against the German Empire. Congress responded with the declaration on April 6.
The German Free-minded Party (, DFP) or German Radical Party was a short-lived liberal party in the German Empire, founded on 5 March 1884 as a result of the merger of the German Progress Party and the Liberal Union, an 1880 split-off of the National Liberal Party.
In Christine Reinle (ed.): Stand und Perspektiven der Sozial- und Verfassungsgeschichte zum römisch-deutschen Reich. Der Forschungseinfluss Peter Moraws auf die deutsche Mediävistik. (Status and perspectives of social and constitutional history on the Roman-German Empire. The Research Influence of Peter Moraws on German Medieval Studies.) Affalterbach 2016, , here .
Her sympathies were divided, but she sided with Germany against her native Russia.Beéche, The Coburgs of Europe, p. 222. The Coburg family faced intense hostility during the war for their British and Russian connections. The Dowager Duchess' position in Coburg became untenable as Russophobia took over the German Empire.
In addition, Ludwig van Beethoven came to stay in the castle, using it to finish his fourth symphony. From 1871 the town was part of the German Empire. It was connected to the railroad network in 1876 when its population, which was almost completely bilingual, stood at 6,000.
The settlement was first mentioned in 1364 as Kostricz, a place of Slavic foundation. There has been a castle since the middle of the 13th century. The city has emerged from two medieval manors. Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Köstritz was part of the Principality of Reuss-Gera.
Kamerun was an African colony of the German Empire from 1884 to 1916 in the region of today's Republic of Cameroon. Kamerun also included northern parts of Gabon and the Congo with western parts of the Central African Republic, southwestern parts of Chad and far eastern parts of Nigeria.
Announcement for the North German Confederation (1869) North German Confederation took over ADHGB by federal act (Bundesgesetz) on 5 June 1869.(German)Bundesgesetzblatt of North German Confederation 1869 p. 379 - 381. ADHGB remained in force in German Empire in accordance with Imperial Act (Reichsgesetz) of 16 April 1871.
Wallich was born in Berlin, German Empire. He began 10 years at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York in 1941, becoming chief of its foreign research division. He earned a Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) from Harvard University in 1944, and became an American citizen in the same year.
Fritsch was born in Benrath in the Rhine Province of the German Empire. He entered the Prussian Army at the age of 18; in 1901, he transferred to the Prussian Military Academy. In 1911, he was appointed to the German General Staff, where he served during World War I.
France had become a republic in 1870. After World War I, there was no German Empire and no Austrian Empire. Spain became a republic and eventually a constitutional monarchy. During the 1963 conclave, Generalissimo Francisco Franco made an unsuccessful attempt to block the election of Cardinal Giovanni Montini.
In 1940, Hermann Göring suggested that Sweden's future position in the Reich was similar to that of Bavaria in the German Empire. The ethnically Swedish Åland Islands, which were awarded to Finland by the League of Nations in 1921, were likely to join Sweden in the Germanic Empire.
Schultze was born on 1 January 1894 in Hersbruck in the German Empire. Schultze was an aviator in the First World War. Thereafter he served in the Freikorps under the command of Franz Ritter von Epp. Schultze had been involved in the Nazi Party since its founding in 1919.
From the creation of the First German Empire in 843 until the creation of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg, the middles ages were fought in similar fashion to those of ancient times. Many changes were made due to the use of siege warfare and new military technologies.
The Angels of Mons is a story of the reputed appearance of a supernatural entity which protected the British Army from defeat by the invading forces of the German Empire at the beginning of World War I during the Battle of Mons in Belgium on 23 August 1914.
In November 1918 the centuries-long, territorial fragmentation of the Thuringian region came to an end. In the federal states, as in the whole of the German Empire, the republic was declared and the reigning dukes and princes abdicated. The old Thuringian duchies and principalities became free states.
Handover of the Western Carolines on 3 November 1899 The German–Spanish Treaty of 1899, (; ) signed by the German Empire and the Kingdom of Spain, involved Spain selling the vast majority of its remaining Pacific Ocean islands to Germany for 25 million pesetas (equivalent to 17 million Marks).
Realschule an der Blutenburg, Germany Realschule () is a type of secondary school in Germany, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia (realna gimnazija), the Austrian Empire, the German Empire, Denmark and Norway (realskole), Sweden (realskola), Hungary (reáliskola), Slovenia (realka), Serbia (реалка), and the Russian Empire (реальное училище).
In 1902, A. Darracq et Cie signed a contract with Adam Opel to jointly produce vehicles in the German Empire under licence, with the brand name "Opel Darracq".Wise, p.493. Wise does not mention the year or marque name. Setright, does not mention the year, either, and p.
The city was subsequently occupied by the Germans until the end of the war. Liège received the Légion d'Honneur for its resistance in 1914. As part of the Septemberprogramm, Berlin planned to annexe Liege under the name Lüttich to the German Empire in any post-war peace agreement.Watson, Alexander.
In the end, after the French defeat, the newly created German Empire contented itself with control of the Luxembourgish railways. The French railways were forced to cede control of the Luxembourg railway network to the Germans. The Luxembourgish government had not been asked, and was opposed to this.
Born in Annahof in the former Upper Silesia region of the German Empire (now, the village of Sowin, Opole Voivodeship, Poland). Thomalla became a member of the Nazi Party in 1932: (no. 1,238,872) and SS (no. 41,206). The first death camp to be constructed under Thomalla's supervision was Bełżec.
The Hanseatic Cross (Hanseatenkreuz) was a military decoration of the three Hanseatic city-states of Bremen, Hamburg and Lübeck, who were members of the German Empire during World War I. Each republic established its own version of the cross, but the design and award criteria were similar for each.
Polish flag Although its origins are never mentioned, it is likely that the mentioned Kingdom of Poland, a vassal state of German Empire, has the same origins as our original timeline Kingdom of Poland. It seems that the German Empire created the Kingdom of Poland out of land taken from the Russian Empire, and Poland serves in a similar way as the Republic of Quebec does to the United States. For the most part, it is really only a puppet to Germany, its King being presumably a junior member of the House of Hohenzollern. (Somewhat similar to the "Duchy of Grelz" created in Turtledove's "Darkness" series by Algarve, Germany's analogue in the series).
The war between the German Empire and Russia had only indirect effects on the Finns. Since the end of the 19th century, the Grand Duchy had become a vital source of raw materials, industrial products, food and labour for the growing Imperial Russian capital Petrograd (modern Saint Petersburg), and World War I emphasised that role. Strategically, the Finnish territory was the less important northern section of the Estonian–Finnish gateway and a buffer zone to and from Petrograd through the Narva area, the Gulf of Finland and the Karelian Isthmus., , , , The German Empire saw Eastern Europe—primarily Russia—as a major source of vital products and raw materials, both during World War I and for the future.
Conservatism developed alongside nationalism in Germany, culminating in Germany's victory over France in the Franco-Prussian War, the creation of the unified German Empire in 1871 and the simultaneous rise of Otto von Bismarck on the European political stage. Bismarck's "balance of power" model maintained peace in Europe for decades at the end of the 19th century. His "revolutionary conservatism" was a conservative state-building strategy designed to make ordinary Germans—not just the Junker elite—more loyal to state and emperor, he created the modern welfare state in Germany in the 1880s. According to Kees van Kersbergen and Barbara Vis, his strategy was: Bismarck also enacted universal male suffrage in the new German Empire in 1871.
Re-constructed in the 1990s, the Japanese embassy in Berlin's Hiroshima Street was originally built from 1938 to 1942, and thus is a symbol for German–Japanese relations since that time. Embassy of Germany in Japan Germany–Japan relations were officially established in 1861 with the first ambassadorial visit to Japan from Prussia (which predated the formation of the German Empire in 1866/1870). Japan modernized rapidly after the Meiji Restoration of 1867, often using German models through intense intellectual and cultural exchange. After 1900 Japan aligned itself with Britain, and Germany and Japan were enemies in World War I. Japan declared war on the German Empire in 1914 and seized key German possessions in China and the Pacific.
Victoria shared with Frederick her liberal views and hopes that Prussia and the later German Empire should become a constitutional monarchy, based on the British model. Criticised for this attitude and for her English origins, Victoria suffered ostracism by the Hohenzollerns and the Berlin court. This isolation increased after the rise to power of Otto von Bismarck (one of her most staunch political opponents) in 1862. Victoria was empress for only a few months, during which she had opportunity to influence the policy of the German Empire. Frederick III died in 1888 – just 99 days after his accession – from laryngeal cancer and was succeeded by their son William II, who had much more conservative views than his parents.
Volgelsheim station As a result of the Franco- Prussian War, Alsace was part of the German Empire as Alsace-Lorraine from 1871. The war delayed further construction of the railway for several years. Since Breisach was no longer a border station and the originally planned rooms for customs and border control were no longer required, only a temporary station building was opened in 1871. After the signing of a state treaty between the Grand Duchy of Baden and the German Empire in 1874, which set out responsibilities in the extension of the line, construction began in 1875 on the Rhine bridge near Breisach, which was opened to traffic on 5 January 1878.
Eulenburg's cultural works such as his songs and poems, in which he often expressed his "aesthetic anti-Semitism," were just another means of promoting his values, as was political work. For an example, Eulenburg's popular poem Sang an Aegir (Song to Aegir) while being a love poem also contains many racist and Pan-German themes.Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 page 170 As such, Domeier argued that Eulenburg's cultural activities cannot be treated separately from his political activities as both were concerned with "aesthetic anti-Semitism".Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 pages 172-174.
Rohrbach proposed that the German Empire directly annex the Russian governorates along the Baltic Coast (Kovno, Vilna, Courland, Livonia, and Estonia), and recommended using education and settlement policy to gradually Germanize their Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, and White Ruthenian populations. He also strongly supported establishing German control over Congress Poland, but believed that the political and cultural sophistication of the Polish nation effectively prohibited annexation and Germanization. He instead supported the creation of an autonomous Polish state, which would govern its own domestic affairs, but accept the German Empire's direction of a common foreign policy and military affairs. The German Empire pursued this imperial policy in 1916 when it established the Kingdom of Poland.
The Treaty of Versailles of 1871 ended the Franco-Prussian War and was signed by Adolphe Thiers of the French Third Republic and Otto von Bismarck of the newly-formed German Empire on 26 February 1871. A preliminary treaty, it was used to solidify the initial armistice of 28 January between the powers.George W. Kyte (1946), "The Vanquished Must Surrender: Jules Favre and the Franco- German Armistice of 1871", Historian, 9: 19–36. It was ratified by the Treaty of Frankfurt on 10 May of the same year which made the decline of French power obvious to the rest of the continent, and at the same time demonstrated the strength of a unified German empire.
In 1884, that branch became extinct with the death of William, a distant cousin of Ernest Augustus. However, since Ernest Augustus refused to renounce his claim to annexed Hanover, the Bundesrat of the German Empire ruled that he would disturb the peace of the empire if he ascended the throne of Brunswick. As a result, Brunswick was ruled by a regency until 1913, when his son, also named Ernest Augustus, married the German Emperor's daughter, Princess Viktoria Luise and swore allegiance to the German Empire. The Duke then renounced his claim to Brunswick in favor of his son, and the Bundesrat allowed the younger Ernest Augustus to take possession of Brunswick as a kind of dowry compensation for Hanover.
Shortly after the outbreak of the Franco- Prussian War in 1870, the North German Confederation also entered into conventions on military matters with states that were not members of the confederation, namely Bavaria, Württemberg, and Baden. Through these conventions and the 1871 Constitution of the German Empire, an Army of the Realm (') was created. The contingents of the Bavarian, Saxon and Württemberg kingdoms remained semi-autonomous, while the Prussian Army assumed almost total control over the armies of the other states of the Empire. The Constitution of the German Empire, dated April 16, 1871, changed references in the North German Constitution from Federal Army to either Army of the Realm (') or German Army (').documentArchiv.
After the formation of the German Empire in 1871, German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck wanted to portray his nation as a peacemaker and preserver of the European status quo, to gain more power for the German Empire and to unify Germany. In 1878, the Russian Empire defeated the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkish War. The resulting Treaty of San Stefano gave Russia considerable influence in the Balkans, a development that outraged Austria- Hungary, Russia's chief rival in the Balkan region (despite being an ally of the Russians and the Germans in the League of the Three Emperors). Hence, in 1878, Bismarck called an international conference (the Congress of Berlin) to sort out the problem.
In the case of the Hohenzollern Empire (1871–1918), the official name of the country was Deutsches Reich ("German Realm"), because under the Constitution of the German Empire, it was legally a confederation of German states under the permanent presidency of the King of Prussia. The constitution granted the King of Prussia the title of "German Emperor" (Deutscher Kaiser), but this referred to the German nation rather than directly to the state of Germany. The exact translation of the term "German Empire" would be Deutsches Kaiserreich. This name was sometimes used informally for Germany between 1871 and 1918, but it was disliked by the first German Emperor, Wilhelm I, and never became official.
Bavaria within the German Empire When Bavaria became part of the newly formed German Empire, this action was considered controversial by Bavarian nationalists who had wanted to retain independence from the rest of Germany, as Austria had. As Bavaria had a majority-Catholic population, many people resented being ruled by the mostly Protestant northerners of Prussia. As a direct result of the Bavarian-Prussian feud, political parties formed to encourage Bavaria to break away and regain its independence. Although the idea of Bavarian separatism was popular in the late 19th and early 20th century, apart from a small minority such as the Bavaria Party, most Bavarians accepted that Bavaria is part of Germany.
While the Brandenberg portion was a part of the Holy Roman Empire and later the German Confederation, Prussia (later called East Prussia) was not included within those territorial boundaries. In the ensuing two centuries the city, first as part of the Kingdom of Prussia, then from 1866 as part of the North German Confederation, and then from 1871 as part of the German Empire, continued to flourish and many iconic landmarks of Königsberg were built. The city had around 370,000 inhabitants and was a cultural and administrative center of Prussia and the German Empire. Immanuel Kant and E. T. A. Hoffmann, the notable sons of the city, were born during this time.
The German Athletics Championships was established in 1898 during the period of the German Empire and it was among the first major national championships,German Championships. GBR Athletics. Retrieved 2018-03-22. following on from the English, French, American and Canadian national events which had been established in the previous decade.
After 1864, the Second Schleswig War put Schleswig-Holstein under the government of Prussia (from 1871 the German Empire). A new canal was sought by merchants and by the German navy, which wanted to link its bases in the Baltic and the North Sea without the need to sail around Denmark.
Glinsky p. 41, "patent ... radio watchman and the Termenvox ... By December 8, 1924, Len had two German Empire patent applications pending". While adapting the dielectric device by adding circuitry to generate an audio tone, Theremin noticed that the pitch changed when his hand moved around.Glinsky p. 24. In October 1920Glinsky p.
She was often photographed, and featured on many postcards during the Edwardian period, sometimes in a pose plastique and sometimes in more or less conventional dress. Kaiser Wilhelm II is said to have forbidden the publication or display of her photograph in the German Empire because he thought her beauty "disturbing".
Isabel V. Hull, The Entourage of Kaiser Wilhelm II, 1888–1918 (2004) p. 85 Wilhelm became internationally notorious for his aggressive stance on foreign policy and his strategic blunders (such as the Tangier Crisis), which pushed the German Empire into growing political isolation and eventually helped to cause World War I.
The German Orthographic Conference of 1901 (the Berlin II Orthographic Conference; or ') took place in Berlin from 17th till 19 June 1901. The results of the conference became official in the German Empire in 1902.Peter von Polenz: Deutsche Sprachgeschichte vom Spätmittelalter bis zur Gegenwart – Band III – 19. und 20. Jahrhundert.
In the 19th century the Prussian Army fought successful wars against Denmark, Austria and France, allowing Prussia to unify Germany, aside from Austria, establishing the German Empire in 1871. The Prussian Army formed the core of the Imperial German Army, which was replaced by the Reichswehr after World War I.
He had been awarded both classes of the Iron Cross, his native Bremen's Hanseatic Cross, as well as the Knight's Cross with Swords of the House Order of Hohenzollern. On 5 November 1918, he was recommended for the Blue Max. The recommendation died with the German Empire upon the emperor's abdication.
Erich Gröner was born on 16 March 1901 in Berlin, then capital of the German Empire. From 1910 to 1918, he attended the He published his first treatise, A History of Maritime Trade and Sea War Shipping, at 15 years of age. Gröner enlisted voluntarily into the Kaiserliche Marine in 1918.
Petrone, p.6. The German Empire had seen revolution break out at the end of the war, with vicious street fighting in the major cities, including Berlin; some Germans felt that this experience was too quickly forgotten in the post-war years.Koshar, p.91. Romania almost descended into revolution as well.
During the chaotic period of Russian and German empire collapses, February Revolution and Bolshevik revolution, Soviet westward offensive and onset of the Russian Civil War there were various efforts to establish a state in Latvia. Not all of them were aimed at establishing an independent state or even a Latvian state.
Pancke was born in Gnesen (Gniezno), Province of Posen, German Empire. He served during the First World War as frontline officer with the rank of Leutnant. Between 1920 and 1927 he stayed in South America. He joined the Nazi Party on 1 August 1930, and the SS on 1 June 1931.
Gustav Gerneth (15 October 1905 - 22 October 2019) was born in Stettin, German Empire (now Szczecin, Poland). 15 October 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2017 He worked in a shipping company and at a gas plant. During the Second World War, he was a mechanic in the German air force (Luftwaffe).
Through Poles generally have formed a majority in Poland, particularly during the times of partitions of Poland (mid-18th century to 1918) most of the Polish territories were under control of other nations, and Poles, effectively minorities in nationalistic German Empire and Russian Empire, were subject to discrimination and racism.
An 1137 document of the Hersfeld Abbey already contains a reference to Tiefenort (Diffeshart). The establishment of the township was closely related to the castle Krayenburg, which dates back to 786 (at least). Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Tiefenort was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
On 18 June 1845, a fire destroyed large areas of the village; King Frederick William IV of Prussia personally donated 9000 talers for its reconstruction. It became part of the German Empire in 1871. A cigarette and munitions factory was set up in the village in the mid-19th century.
During World War I, on August 15, 1916, a British air attack and naval bombardment was launched on Bagamoyo, the Germans were overrun and the German garrison taken. When the German Empire decided to build a railway from Dar es Salaam into the interior in 1905, Bagamoyo's importance began to decline.
League of Nations Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands were the League of Nations Mandate consisting of several groups of islands in the Pacific Ocean which came under the administration of Australia, British Empire, Japanese Empire and New Zealand after the defeat of the German Empire in World War I.
Nissen was born in a Jewish-German family in Neisse, Silesia, German Empire, in 1896. He was the son of Franz Nissen, a well-known surgeon. Rudolph Nissen pursued medical studies in Munich, Marburg and Breslau. He then trained in pathology under influential physician Ludwig Aschoff at the University of Freiburg.
In 1911 it was ceded to German Empire under the terms of the Morocco–Congo Treaty and Treaty of Fez, becoming part of the German colony of Neukamerun, until it was reconquered by the French in 1916 following the defeat of German forces in western Africa during World War I.
Built in the early 20th century, the group fortification became part of a wider program of fortifications called "Moselstellung", encompassing fortresses scattered between Thionville and Metz in the Moselle valley. The aim of Germany was to protect against a French attack to take back Alsace-Lorraine from the German Empire.
Gerlach was born in Biebrich, Hessen-Nassau, German Empire, as son of Dr. med. Valentin Gerlach and his wife Marie Niederhaeuser. He studied at the University of Tübingen from 1908, and received his doctorate in 1912, under Friedrich Paschen. The subject of his dissertation was on the measurement of radiation.
Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August 1914. The declaration was a result of German refusal to remove troops from neutral Belgium. In 1839 the United Kingdom, France, and Prussia (the predecessor of the German Empire) had signed the Treaty of London which guaranteed Belgium sovereignty.Cook, Chris; Stevenson, John (2005).
In 1897, the German empire took advantage of the murder of two German missionaries to invade Qingdao and founded the Jiaozhou Bay colony. In 1900, Germany took part in the Eight-Nation Alliance that was sent to relieve the Siege of the International Legations in Beijing during the Boxer Uprising.
Under Johann Cesar VI Godeffroy outposts were established in Havana and in Valparaiso. He built a fleet of trading ships that, at its peak, numbered 29 deep water sailing vessels and some 100 smaller ships.Washausen, Helmut. Hamburg und die Kolonialpolitik des Deutschen Reiches [Hamburg and Colonial Politics of the German Empire].
Schmitt was born in Plettenberg, Westphalia, German Empire. His parents were Roman Catholics from the German Eifel region who had settled in Plettenberg. His father was a minor businessman. He studied law at Berlin, Munich and Strasbourg and took his graduation and state examinations in then-German Strasbourg during 1915.
After the end of the Napoleonic Wars, Gleiwitz was administered in the Prussian district of Tost-Gleiwitz within the Province of Silesia in 1816. The city was incorporated with Prussia into the German Empire in 1871 during the unification of Germany. In 1897 Gleiwitz became its own Stadtkreis, or urban district.
The incident was used by the German Empire to justify the occupation of Qingdao. In the Jietou incident, Stenz and a group of Chinese Christians were mistreated and held prisoner in the village of Jietou (, Rizhao) for three days (8–11 November 1898) resulting in German military intervention and compensation claims.
Prussia: 1 pfennig 1852. The obverse reads: 360 [make up] one thaler. German Empire: 10 pfennig iron coin 1917 The pfennig (; . pfennigs or ; symbol Pf. or ₰) or penny is a former German coin or note, which was official currency from the 9th century until the introduction of the euro in 2002.
Born in the German Empire, Jacobson earned his medical degree from the Friedrich Wilhelm University of Berlin (now the Humboldt University of Berlin). Jacobson, who was Jewish, fled Nazi Germany in 1936. He emigrated to the United States where he established an office on the Upper East Side of Manhattan.
The following years brought a clash of interests between the Three Pashas and Batzaria. Already alarmed by the officialized Turkification process,Karpat, pp. 577–584 the Aromanian intellectual proved himself an opponent of the new policies which linked the Ottoman realm to the German Empire, Bulgaria and the other Central Powers.
Kast was born on December 28, 1824 in Rosenberg, German Empire. He served in the German Federal Army, at least at one point, as an orderly sergeant. Later, Kast settled in Waupaca County, Wisconsin in 1861 and Shawano, Wisconsin in 1874. Kast was an Episcopalian and worked as a miller.
He was born in 1911 in Wąbrzeźno (then German Empire, present day Poland). He was a son of Franciszek Nogalski, a stonemason, and Wiktoria née Lwandowska. He attended Wąbrzeźno high school where he passed the Baccalaureate Exam (1932). Then he entered Pelplin Higher Priest Seminary where he study philosophy and theology.
After his factory in Warsaw was burned by revolutionists in 1906, his family moved to the German Empire. However, Władysław stayed in Congress Poland. He passed his youth and his early years in Opatówek and moved then to Struga Street in Warsaw. He eventually died on November 22, 1952 in Chorzów.
Walter John (January 1879 - December 1940), was a German chess master. John was born at Thorn (Toruń), Poland (then German Empire). He took 2nd, behind Curt von Bardeleben in Café Kerkau, and took 4th (Ossip Bernstein won) at Berlin 1902. He won at Hanover 1902 (13th DSB–Congress, B tournament).
Leipzig additionally had significance by hosting the leading trade fair of the German Empire. The Erla Maschinenwerk aircraft factory that produced Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighter planes at the three locations of Heiterblick, Abtnaundorf and Mockau were important for warfare. Additionally, Leipzig was an important railroad intersection in Germany at that time.
He also testified that he believed there was nothing wrong with Moltke. Most notably, Hirschfeld testified that "homosexuality was part of the plan of nature and creation just like normal love."Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 p. 128.
Ebeling was born 2 January 1918 in Karlsruhe, at the time in the Grand Duchy of Baden as part of the German Empire. Following flight training, he was posted to 8. Staffel (8th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 26 "Schlageter" (JG 26—26th Fighter Wing) in December 1939. At the time, 8.
The town became part of the German Empire in 1871 during the unification of Germany. Chancellor Otto Fürst von Bismarck (1815–1898) was made an honorary citizen in 1874. New German settlers came to the town, but Poles also still settled there. Despite Germanisation policies, the Polish-Kashubian movement developed.
The expulsion also contributed to the worsening of the German-Russian relations. In the aftermath, Poles without German citizenship were again allowed to work and reside in the German Empire in all seasons but the winter. It is regarded as an early example of ethnic cleansing.E. J. Feuchtwanger (2002), Bismarck.
Lucie Crain (fl. 1891), was a German women's rights activist and educator. She played a significant part in the history of women's education in Germany. She is known as the founder of the Crainschen Anstalten in Berlin, often referred to as the leading Höhere Töchternschulen (women's college) in the German Empire.
Hans-Ulrich Wehler, Das Deutsche Kaiserreich (Gőttingen: Verlages Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht 1973), translated as The German Empire 1871-1918 (Providence: Berg 1985).Wolfgang J. Mommsen, Der autoritäre Nationalstaat (Frankfurt am Main: Fischer Taschenbuch 1990), translated as Imperial Germany 1867-1918. Politics, culture, and society in an Authoritarian State (London: Arnold 1995).
The Kaisertempel with its Doric columns was built in 1894 as a memorial to commemorate the Prussian victory in the Franco-Prussian War (1870/71), which unified the German Empire under King Wilhelm I of Prussia. From the temple, there is a wonderful view of Eppstein as far as Bremthal.
They married on 15 May 1867 in Lugano, but were divorced in 1882 and the marriage annulled by the Pope in 1884. On 9 January 1886 in Vienna, she married Bernhard, Prince of Bülow, later Chancellor of the German Empire. She became a confidant of the Prussian Crown Princess Victoria.
He registered 128 patents in the German Empire. In 1891 he patented the process that became known as the "Ehrhardt'schen pressing and drawing method" for the manufacture of seamless tubes. He influenced the development of the recoiling gun. The Ehrhardt 7.5 cm Model 1901 mountain cannon was named after him.
About ten years later, as a result of the Franco-Prussian War, the affected states became part of the German Empire, so it was agreed to build the Neckargemünd–Neckarsteinach–Eberbach–Neckarelz–Jagstfeld line, which was opened on 24 May 1879. Trains between Heidelberg and Würzburg now run over this line.
Riesen was born in Breslau, German Empire (now Wroclaw, Poland). His father was the vice president of the Deutsche Reichsbahn (German Imperial Railways) and was entitled Geheimrat. Günter Riesen served in the First World War and studied from 1919 to 1924 political economy and economics in Cologne. Riesen graduated in 1922.
The years covered in the novel were marked by major political and military developments that reshaped Germany, such as the Revolutions of 1848, the Austro-Prussian War, and the establishment of the German Empire. Historic events nevertheless generally remain in the background, having no direct bearing on the lives of the characters.
In 1900 he acted the civil wedding of Princess Elisabeth in Bavaria with Prince Albert of Belgium in the Throne Hall. He became a close adviser to Prince Luitpold. In his resignation speech he recalled two main themes of his career, the confessional problems and the relationship of Bavaria to the German Empire.
The village was established in the Middle Ages. It was since ruled by local Polish, Bohemian, Hungarian, and Saxon rulers. In 1815 it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia, within which it formed part of the provinces of Silesia and Lower Silesia. From 1871 it was also part of the German Empire.
Bougainville Island (Tok Pisin: Bogenvil) is the main island of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville of Papua New Guinea. It formed the main landmass of the German Empire-associated North Solomons. With four to five hundred-metre- width-strait separated Buka Island (c.500 km2) its land measures 9,300 km2 (3591 sq miles).
The Action of 15 August 1915 was a small naval battle involving Ernest Jehan. In 1915, the German Empire had begun its first U-boat campaign of the First World War. U-boats operated all around the British Isles, attacking allied warships and merchant vessels. The allies therefore began conducting counter-submarine activities.
After school Vogt worked for a year at an engine factory in Ludwigshafen. With the outbreak of World War I, he was conscripted into the military ranks of the German Empire, with which he was wounded in action, and medically evacuated back to Germany. Vogt then trained as a pilot in Halberstadt.
Langheinrich was born in Oberplanitz in the state of Saxony then part of the German Empire. He was a Latter-day Saint. He had joined The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) on November 28, 1919. Because of his membership in the church he became interested in genealogy.
This is the order of battle for the First Battle of Ypres fought from 19 October to 22 November 1914 as one of the main engagements of the First World War. It was fought between mixed British Expeditionary Force, French eighth army and armies of the German Empire in northern France and Flanders.
In the 19th and 20th century, also social associations or political alliances were referred to as cartels, so the union of German student fraternities or the cartel parties or in the German Empire. In Belgium of the 20th and 21st century, there was the same naming for party alliances, e.g. “Vlaams Kartel”.
In 1837 he published a summary of universal history for the higher classes at the gymnasium, including genealogical tables and maps. The seventeen maps were published as Charten für Geschichte, to be sold separately. They centered on the German Empire. He then published a collection of extracts from the classics for senior students.
Irene Eisinger was born in the small Silesian town Cosel, belonging to the German Empire at the time of her birth. Today, the town is in Poland. She was trained as a soubrette soprano and studied acting with Paula Mark-Neusser in Vienna and piano with G. Schönewald.vgl. Müller, Reinhard: Paula Mark-Neusser.
In the German-French Protocol of 24 December 1885, Germany finally acknowledged France's sovereignty over the region. In return, the German Empire received Batanga in Cameroon and Anecho in Togo by way of compensation. Colin's "German-African business" fell under French jurisdiction and Prince Hermann zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg withdrew from the company.
Fritz Münch (born in Strasbourg, then in the German Empire, 2 June 1890, died in Niederbronn-les-Bains 10 March 1970)Alain Pâris. Dictionnaire des interprètes et de l’interprétation musicale au XX siècle. Éditions Robert Laffont, Paris, 1995 (p705). was a French music administrator and conductor, as well as being a pastor.
In 925, Middle Francia is finally becomes the Duchy of Lorraine within East Francia, the German Empire. The Rhine remains the heartland of the royal power, or as Otto of Freising called it, until in 1138 Conrad III is elected King of Germany in Koblenz, the first King of the House of Hohenstaufen.
It was replaced with the Province of Brandenburg in 1815 following the Napoleonic Wars. The Prussian kings, however, continued to use the title "Margrave of Brandenburg" in their formal style. Brandenburg, along with the rest of Prussia, became part of the German Empire in 1871 during the Prussian-led unification of Germany.
The Battle of Sandfontein was fought between the Union of South Africa on behalf of the British Imperial Government and the German Empire (modern day Namibia) on 26 September 1914 at Sandfontein, during the first stage of the South West Africa Campaign of World War I, and ended in a German victory.
Heinrich Eberbach was born on 24 November 1895 in Stuttgart, in the German Empire. Eberbach graduated with his Abitur (university-preparatory high school diploma) on 30 June 1914. On 1 July 1914, Eberbach joined the Army of Württemberg. With the outbreak of World War I, Eberbach's unit was deployed on the Western Front.
Alexander Alexandrovich Dushkevich (September 20, 1853 – 1918) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He took part in the war against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. He was promoted to major general in 1905 and lieutenant general in 1910. He fought against the German Empire on the Eastern Front.
175 In the end, Cuza was pressured into exile. Elena decided to join him, even as the Rosettis (some of whom had participated in the coup), asked her to sue for a divorce. The Cuzas moved periodically, from Austria-Hungary to the Kingdom of Italy, then to the German Empire, at Heidelberg.Chiper, p.
Between 1871 and 1910, the German Empire experienced a period of both large- scale industrialization and large-scale urbanization. As a result of this movement of people from rural areas to cities, living and working conditions were often poor, setting the scene for the social conflict within Germany that was to follow.
Togoland was a German Empire protectorate in West Africa from 1884 to 1914, encompassing what is now the nation of Togo and most of what is now the Volta Region of Ghana, approximately 77,355 km2 (29,867 sq mi) in size.David Owusu- Ansah. Historical Dictionary of Ghana (4 ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. p. xii.
215 and "remained as contemptuous of all colonial dreams as ever."Crankshaw, Bismarck, p. 395 However, in 1884 he consented to the acquisition of colonies by the German Empire, in order to protect trade, safeguard raw materials and export markets and take advantage of opportunities for capital investment, among other reasons.Washausen, p.
Unterelsaß (also spelled Unterelsass, , meaning Lower Alsace) was the northern part of the historical region Alsace or Elsass, inhabited originally by locals speaking Alemannic German. From 1871 to 1918, Bezirk Unterelsaß was the name for the central district (Bezirk) of the imperial territory of Elsaß- Lothringen (Alsace-Lorraine) in the German Empire.
The General Commission of German Trade Unions () was an umbrella body for German trade unions during the German Empire, from the end of the Anti- Socialist Laws in 1890 up to 1919. In 1919, a successor organisation was named the Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, and then in 1949, the current Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund was formed.
Moritz Traube (12 February 1826 in Ratibor, Province of Silesia, Prussia (now Racibórz, Poland) – 28 June 1894 in Berlin, German Empire) was a German chemist (physiological chemistry) and universal private scholar. Moritz Traube - portrait, source: Ber. d. deutschen chem. Gesellsch. 28 (1895) S. 1085 Traube worked on chemical, biochemical, medical, physiological, pathophysiological problems.
It looked as if the sea water had decomposed the color particles. In this condition Prof. Francis Rouleaux, director of the Royal Technical College of Charlottenburg (Berlin) and Commissioner General for the German Empire,"Professor Francis Rouleaux", 18 October 1879, in Australian Town and Country Journal p. 737. Accessed 18 April 2013.
Germania stamp from the 1900 issue Germania stamps are definitive stamps that were issued by the German Empire and the Weimar Republic between 1900 and 1922, depicting Germania. They represent the longest running series in German philately and are in their many variations and derivations an essential part of German philatelic collections.
He responded by stopping the harassment and cooperating with the Centre Party.Richard Blanke, Prussian Poland in the German Empire (1871–1900) (1981)Norman Davies, God's Playground: A History of Poland, Vol. 2: 1795 to the Present (2005). In the late 19th and early 20th century, many Polish nationalist leaders endorsed the Piast Concept.
Mwami Mwezi IV Gisabo Bikata-Bijoga (1840–1908) was the king of Burundi from 1852 to 1908. He was the son of king Ntare IV Rutaganzwa Rugamba. During his reign, Burundi was colonized by the German Empire. An agreement in 1890 allowed Mwezi to stay as king but recognize German colonial authority.
After the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk of March 1918, the German Empire effectively controlled Lithuania, Latvia, Belarus, parts of Poland, and Courland, all of which had formerly formed part of the Russian Empire. itself controlled present-day Lithuania, Latvia, Belarus, Poland, and Courland. The land area it administered was around .
John of Austria was popular among the people and was thus most likely to be acceptable to the left, on the other hand, he was a high-ranking noble of the Right. Reichsverweser John then set up the first Reichsministerium, the real government of the emerging German Empire, in July and August.
Klaus Dylewski was born in German Empire, Finkenwalde (now Zdroje, Szczecin, Poland), on 11 May 1916. He spent his childhood in Lazisk where he went to German schools. Dylewski identified himself as ethnic German. After he graduated in 1935, he attended a technical course at Danzig Technical School and studied Mechanical Engineering.
In March 1918, the German Empire and troops of the Ukrainian State came to Trypillia. The liberal-minded Ukrainian intelligentsia took a stance against the imperialist-backed Hetmanate, as did Terpylo. In November 1918, he participated in the rebellion against the Hetmanate in Trypillia. On November 21, Terpylo's troops defeated the Trypillian hetman.
Volgelsheim was first mentioned in 739 under the name Folcoaldeshaim. The name has changed several times over the centuries to the present spelling. From 1871 to 1918, it belonged to the kingdom Volgelsheim country Alsace-Lorraine in the German Empire. During this time, in 1880, a station was built in Prussian style.
It had the right, for a 40-year term, to issue banknotes backed by gold. It had a strict cap on the spending of the Sherifian Empire, and the national banks of the German Empire, United Kingdom, France, and Spain, which guaranteed the bank's loans, appointed administrators. Spanish coinage continued to circulate.
Hindenburg, Wilhelm II, Ludendorff, January 1917 The Oberste Heeresleitung (, Supreme Army Command or OHL) was the highest echelon of command of the army (Heer) of the German Empire. In the latter part of World War I, the Third OHL assumed dictatorial powers and became the de facto political authority in the empire.
Born Louis George Rothschild in Chatou, Yvelines, he was the son of a tailor and his wife. His family was Jewish, originally from Alsace. They moved into France in 1871 to preserve their French citizenship when Alsace-Lorraine was annexed by the German Empire at the end of the Franco-Prussian War.
Flag of the Iron Division. After 1918, the term Freikorps was used for the anti-communist paramilitary organizations that sprang up around the German Empire, including in the Baltic states, as soldiers returned in defeat from World War I. It was one of the many Weimar paramilitary groups active during that time.
Franz Walz was born in Speyer, Kingdom of Bavaria, the German Empire on 4 December 1885. He enlisted for military service with Bavaria's 8th Infantry Regiment on 15 July 1905. In 1908, he was promoted to Leutnant. Walz learned to fly before the First World War,Franks et al 1993, p. 226.
After the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, the North German states had allied under Prussian leadership as the North German Confederation. Out of the Prussian Navy grew the North German Federal Navy, which after the Franco- Prussian War changed its name again to become the Imperial Navy of the new German Empire.
Elisabeth Dane was born on 9 January 1903 in Mayen, German Empire. She graduated from gymnasium in Munich in 1923. She attended the Universities of Freiburg, Munich and Berlin before earning her Ph.D. in chemistry from the latter institution. That same year she became assistant to the Nobel Laureate, Heinrich Otto Wieland.
' And finally we cut his throat." Robert Gaudi (2017), African Kaiser: General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck and the Great War in Africa, 1914-1918, Caliber. Pages 70-71. According to Robert Gaudi, "Leutwein knew that the wrath of the German Empire was about to fall on them and hoped to soften the blow.
The first hill in Karpacz (then Krummhübel, German Empire) was opened in 1912. The record was set by Karl-Heinz Breiter in 1938 at During the WWII the hill was abandoned and destroyed. After the war Karpacz was placed under Polish administration. A second hill was built under the leadership of Stanisław Marusarz.
The Carolines Question (or the Carolines Crisis) was a conflict between the German Empire and the Kingdom of Spain over the sovereignty of the Caroline Islands and Palau in the western Pacific. It took place in 1885, at the beginning of the German colonial empire and towards the end of the Spanish Empire.
Friedrich was the son of Carl Hermann Adalbert Johow and his wife Marie Luise, née Biehler. He had five siblings, his brother Georg Reinhold Franz Julius Johow (1862–1945) was Generalmajor of the German Army (German Empire) and Generalleutnant of the Wehrmacht (Tannenberg-General). Dr. phil. Johow was married to Magdalena, née Schäfer.
In mid-1870, a diplomatic crisis concerning the Spanish throne led eventually to the Franco- Prussian War. During the war, in November 1870, the North German Confederation and the south German states of Bavaria, Württemberg, and Baden (together with the parts of Hesse-Darmstadt which had not originally joined the confederation) united to form a new nation state. It was originally called Deutscher Bund (German Confederation), but on 10 December 1870 the Reichstag of the North German Confederation adopted the name Deutsches Reich (German Realm or German Empire) and granted the title of German Emperor to the King of Prussia as Bundespräsidium of the Confederation. On 1 January 1871 the new constitution gave the country the name 'German Empire' and the title of Emperor to King William.
In the aftermath Bavaria paid a large indemnity to Prussia and joined the Prussian-founded German Empire in 1871. After unification with Germany in 1871, Bavarian nationalists were adamantly opposed to the Prussian-domination of the German state and refused further integration into the German Empire. Nymphenburg Palace in Munich, one of the major palaces of the historic rulers of Bavaria Upon Germany's defeat in World War I, revolution spread across Germany including Bavaria, with the Bavarian monarchy being toppled and the proclamation of Bavaria as an independent communist state (the Bavarian Soviet Republic). After the collapse of the Soviet Republic, Bavarian nationalism—associated with anti-Prussian as well as anti-Semitic tendencies—became popular amongst both radical and reactionary movements.
Herzl recalled that Eulenburg was a "perfect gentleman" during his visit to Liebenberg, but he made no attempt to hide his anti-Semitism, saying to Herzl's face that he believed that the Jews did not belong in Europe and that he only supported Zionism as the best way of removing the Jews humanely from Europe.Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 pages 177-178. Eulenburg told Herzl that he had a special relationship with the Kaiser that allowed him to "speak freely" to Wilhelm in a way no-one else could.Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 page 178.
Hartston, Barnet Peretz Sensationalizing the Jewish Question: Anti-Semitic Trials and the Press in the Early German Empire, Leiden: Brill, 2005 page 74. The libel case attracted much media attention, and though Stoecker won the case, the judge gave Bäcker the lightest possible sentence of three weeks in prison, under the grounds that the publisher had been persistently attacked by Stoecker. Bäcker won a moral victory, as even through the court had convicted him, Stoecker had been exposed on the stand as a man who was caught up in so many lies as to destroy his reputation.Hartston, Barnet Peretz Sensationalizing the Jewish Question: Anti-Semitic Trials and the Press in the Early German Empire, Leiden: Brill, 2005 pages 76-77.
From 1861, Wilhelm was second in the line of succession to Prussia, and also, after 1871, to the newly created German Empire, which, according to the constitution of the German Empire, was ruled by the Prussian king. At the time of his birth, he was also sixth in the line of succession to the British throne, after his maternal uncles and his mother. Wilhelm with his father, in Highland dress, in 1862 A traumatic breech birth resulted in Erb's palsy, which left him with a withered left arm about six inches (15 centimetres) shorter than his right. He tried with some success to conceal this; many photographs show him holding a pair of white gloves in his left hand to make the arm seem longer.
After losing the Franco-Prussian war of 1870/71, France had to withdraw from the so-called Reichsland and cede it to the German Empire. As a result, the company, now called the Elsässische Maschinenbaugesellschaft Andreas Köchlin & Cie. in Mülhausen and the Maschinenwerkstätte Rollé & Schwillgué in Strassburg-Grafenstaden found themselves inside the German Empire. In 1872 the two factories were merged into the Elsässischen Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Grafenstaden. The scale-making factory of "Rollé & Schwillgué", that predominantly made decimal weighing equipment based on the 1821 patent of a Benedictine monk, was bought in 1837 by the Strasbourg engineering company, which transferred the workshop with its work force of 40 employees one year later to Grafenstaden, a few kilometres south of Strasbourg.
His empire is not so much a state in the sense that term is usually understood: it is the ideal condition, the only way in which the scattered German people can achieve a common purpose and destiny. But he does not look for the limited state, and the Second Reich fashioned by Otto von Bismarck was an imperfect empire. It did not include Austria, which survived on from "our First Empire", side by side with "our Second Empire": "Our Second Empire was a Little-German Empire which we must consider only as a stepping stone on our path to a Greater German Empire." The weak Weimar Republic, he argues, will have to be replaced by a new revolution, a revolution from the right.
He represented the German Empire in the United States when diplomatic relations were severed during World War I on February 3, 1917. In 1917 he was replaced as ambassador by Hans Sulzer. He was reassigned to The Hague until he retired in 1920. He died of apoplexy in Zurich, Switzerland on May 31, 1921.
The Queen, possibly irritated by the sallies of the republicans, the tendency to democracy, and the realisation that her influence was manifestly on the decline, was urging the move.L. A. Knight, p. 489. Another factor may have been that the Queen's first child, Victoria, was married to Frederick, the heir apparent to the German Empire.
The station was the destination of Vladimir Lenin's sealed train when he was provided passage through the German Empire by the Foreign Office and the Abteilung IIIb during the Russian Revolution, after which he boarded a ferry across the Baltic Sea for Trelleborg, Sweden, and then a train en route to Finland Station in Petrograd.
Joseph Francis Rummel was born in the village of Steinmauern in the Grand Duchy of Baden, German Empire, on October 14, 1876. His family immigrated to the United States when he was six years old. Like many recent German immigrants, the Rummels settled in the Yorkville District of Manhattan in New York City. Time Magazine.
In 1908 he was appointed director of the Physico- Chemical Institute. His interests focused on the physics and physical chemistry of metals and alloys (metallurgy). In 1925 Tammann was awarded Liebig Medal. On 28 May 1936, Tammann was awarded the shield of nobility of the German Empire (), with dedication "The Doyen of German Metallurgy".
On 7 November 1918, Ludwig fled from the Residenz Palace in Munich with his family. He was the first of the monarchs in the German Empire to be deposed. A few days later William II abdicated the throne of Germany. Ludwig took up residence in Austria for what was intended to be a temporary stay.
Laserstein was born in Preussisch Holland, German Empire in 1898. Her father Hugo was a pharmacist and her mother Meta was a pianist, piano teacher and a porcelain painter.Stroude, Caroline, and Adrian Stroude. “Lotte Laserstein and the German Naturalist Tradition.” Woman's Art Journal, vol. 9, no. 1, 1988, pp. 35–38., www.jstor.org/stable/1358361.
The Democratic Union (, DV) was a German political party in the German Empire. The Union was founded in 1908 by former members of the Freeminded Union (Freisinnigen Vereinigung). The party demanded full equal voting rights for all, and a strict separation of Church and State. It was not principled, or "revolutionary" against Wilhelmine Germany though.
Prince Radziwiłł was born on 3 September 1880 in Berlin in the then German Empire. He was the son of Prince Ferdynand Radziwiłł (1834–1926) and Princess Pelagia Sapieha-Kodenska. His siblings were Michał Radziwiłł Rudy, Karol Ferdynand Radziwiłł, Małgorzata. His paternal grandparents were Prince Ferdynand Radziwiłł and Countess Leontyna von Clary und Aldringen.
He studied law in Budapest, after that he went to the German Empire to a field trip. He was a trainee in Paris, France in 1895. He worked as a lawyer in the Hungarian capital city between 1898 and 1946 with short interruptions. He was a member of the International Law Association since 1926.
German Americans were sometimes accused of being too sympathetic to the German Empire. Former president Theodore Roosevelt denounced "hyphenated Americanism", insisting that dual loyalties were impossible in wartime. A small minority came out for Germany, or ridiculed the British. About 1% of the 480,000 enemy aliens of German birth were imprisoned in 1917–18.
Goldsmith and Kropotkin clashed often on their opinions about the World War, the role of internationalism during the conflict, and whether it was possible to advocate antimilitarism during that period (early 1916). As explained above, Kropotkin took firmly pro-war positions during these communiques, as he was predisposed to frequently criticize the German Empire.
While serving as military attaché to the Embassy of the German Empire in Tehran during World War I, Count von Kanitz's duties included rallying pro-German units for the war in the Middle East. He was supposedly heading a force at the town of Kangavar in 1916, against Russian troops under general Nikolai Baratov.
To help the nobility avoid indebtedness, Berlin set up a credit institution to provide capital loans in 1809, and extended the loan network to peasants in 1849. When the German Empire was established in 1871, the Junker nobility controlled the army and the Navy, the bureaucracy, and the royal court; they generally set governmental policies.
Schmidt-Hofer was born in Berlin, German Empire, in 1873. He studied at the Royal School of Art and also in the educational department at the Berlin Museum of Decorative Arts, founded as the Deutsches Gewerbe-Museum zu Berlin in 1868.Heute mal Extremitäten Tobias Timm, Die Zeit, 31 August 2009. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
Aleksander Józef Polus (February 1, 1914 - February 13, 1965) was a Polish boxer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was born in Dortmund, German Empire and died in Poznań. In 1936, he was eliminated in the quarterfinals of the featherweight class after losing his fight to the eventual gold medalist Oscar Casanovas.
One million Indian troops served overseas; 62,000 died and another 67,000 were wounded. In total, 74,187 Indian soldiers died during the war. It fought against the German Empire in German East Africa and on the Western Front. Indian divisions were also sent to Egypt, Gallipoli and nearly 700,000 served in Mesopotamia against the Ottoman Empire.
Shortly before fully devoting himself to the cause of revolution, in the early twentieth century, Yurovsky converted to Lutheranism. A watchmaker by trade, he lived for a short time in the German Empire in 1904. After returning to Russia during the Russian Revolution of 1905, he joined the Bolsheviks. He received the party ticket no.
In 1871 the town became part of the German Empire. In 1897, Bunzlau was selected as the site for a technical college devoted to the ceramics industry. In 1907 the town council resolved to open a museum devoted to the history of pottery making. During 1920, a concrete motorcar bridge was constructed across the Bober.
Stroux was born in Haguenau in Alsace-Lorraine, which at this time belonged to the German Empire. He studied in Strasbourg and Göttingen. In 1914 he became professor at the university of Basel (Switzerland), 1922 in Kiel, 1923 in Jena and 1924 in Munich. In 1935 he moved to Berlin as successor of Eduard Norden.
The 1893 European Figure Skating Championships were held from January 21 to 22 in Berlin, German Empire. Elite figure skaters competed for the title of European Champion in the category of men's singles. The competitors performed only compulsory figures. The results of these Championships had been declared invalid by the ISU Congress in 1895.
Paul Henning Aldabert Theodor von Osterroht was born on 13 September 1887 in Luneberg, the German Empire. His father was a Captain in the Dragoons. The younger Osterroht also chose the profession of arms, and joined the German Army's Infantry Regiment No. 152 in May 1906. He was commissioned an officer on 18 August 1907.
Josef Miner (July 15, 1914 in Breslau, German Empire - 1944 in Huși, Romania) was a German boxer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. In 1936 he won the bronze medal in the featherweight class after winning the third-place bout versus Hungary's Dezső Frigyes. He was killed in action during World War II.
The second issue was World War I. Premier Duan and Liang Qichao was in favor of entering the war on the Allied side. President Li and Sun Yat-sen were opposed. Duan managed to strongarm parliament into breaking ties with the German Empire. Li fired Duan when his secret loans from Japan were revealed.
Following the North German Confederation Treaty the Kingdom of Saxony entered the North German Confederation in 1866. This continued after the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Löbau returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
The text contained a teaching of the sacraments and argued in favour of the marriage of priests and the secularization of church property. In addition it included a vision of Emperor Sigismund's about the appearance of a priest-king Frederick and plans for a wide reform of the monarchy (and emperorship) and the (German) empire.
Wohlwill was born in Hamburg, in the German Empire, on 7 February 1874, the third of five children of well- known engineer of electrochemistry, Emil Wohlwill. Stolperstein Hamburg, Heinrich Wohlwill. Retrieved 29 November 2018. Heinrich Wohlwill had two older siblings: Marie Wohlwill and Sophie Wohlwill, and two younger siblings: Gretchen Wohlwill and Joachim Friedrich Wohlwill.
In the 1866 Austro-Prussian War, six men from Nieder Kostenz took part; eight took part in the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871). None of these was either wounded or killed. The time following this war is known as the Gründerzeit – the Founders’ Time. It was in 1871 that the German Empire was founded.
Beginning on 1 January 1868, the North German Postal Union (Norddeutscher Postbezirk) was responsible for the mail in Schleswig, Holstein, Lauenburg and Lübeck. They were in the "Northern District" and the stamp values were in groschen and thalers. These stamps were replaced with the stamps of the German Empire inscribed "Deutche Reichs" in 1872.
Upper Silesia and the Eastern Border, 1918–1922, University of Nebraska Press, 1997, p. 15 Another Polish newspaper, the Nowiny was founded by Franciszek Kurpierz in 1911. From 1816–1945 Opole was the capital of Regierungsbezirk Oppeln within Prussia. The city became part of the German Empire during the unification of Germany in 1871.
Although gifts from vassals to lords happened in the German empire, they do not appear to have become compulsory nor have been institutionalized into formalized occasions when they were required. However, aids for the customary occasions were sometimes collected from German towns in the 12th and 13th centuries, as they are mentioned in town charters.
He then held the position of battalion adjutant. During 1918, he was assigned to the Infantry School in Döberitz as a weapons instructor. After the capitulation of the German Empire, Decker was accepted into the Reichswehr in 1920 and served with the 29th Reserve Jäger Regiment, the 5th Jäger Regiment and the 6th cavalry Regiment.
Fritz T. Epstein was a scholar and expert on the Soviet Union, born in Sarreguemines, Alsace-Lorraine, then part of the German Empire, in 1898. He emigrated to the United States in the mid-1930s, and after an illustrious career, died in 1979. He was married to a Bertelsmann, by whom he had two children.
The cemetery was established by the French Government in 1919 as a collective facility for German Empire war dead whose battlefield graves and graveyards lay scattered directly to the north, east and south of the Arras region.World War I Battlefields It is now administered by the German War Graves Commission - Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge (V.D.K.).
The debate over France's borders continued throughout the nineteenth century. Jules Michelet, in his History of France, saw in it a deterministic cause of the history of France. The debate resurged in 1830 at the independence of Belgium and then between 1871 and 1918, when Alsace-Lorraine was annexed and incorporated by the German Empire.
He advocated the election of Archduke John of Austria as vicar of the provisional national government (Reichsverweser), in which he himself was appointed minister of justice, and opposed the proposition to exclude Austria and erect a German empire with a Prussian king as hereditary emperor. Later he helped to organize the Pan- German Party.
After the leaving the Union Army, Mosman returned to the Ames foundry, where he cast cannons for use in the war. In 1867 he traveled to Paris to work in a foundry there. He later studied casting methods in Italy and the German Empire. From 1870 to 1871 he sculpted Westfield, Massachusetts' Civil War Memorial.
It was founded on 1 January 1876 (shortly after the establishment of the German Empire in 1871). The Reichsbank was the central bank of Prussia, under close control by the Reich government.Money and Banking Its first president was Hermann von Dechend. Before unification in 1871, Germany had 31 central banks - the Notenbanken (note banks).
In 1871, Bavaria became a part of the newly formed German Empire. During periods of war and anti-German discrimination in the United States, Trump's son Fred later denied his German heritage, claiming his father had been a Swede from Karlstad, Sweden. This version was repeated by Fred's son Donald in his 1987 autobiography.
The story is a series of letters from "Uncle Alf" to his niece/lover, Geli Raubal. In these letters, he expresses his frustration with the complacency of the local German officials; his disgust with the "degraded" French; his utter devotion to the German Empire, and; his unrestrained (and incestrial) passion for his beloved Geli.
Magnus Alexander Maximilian Freiherr von Braun (7 February 1878 – 29 August 1972) was a German civil servant and conservative politician whose career spanned the German Empire, World War I and the Weimar Republic.Magnus Freiherr von Braun, Von Ostpreußen bis Texas. Erlebnisse und zeitgeschichtliche Betrachtungen eines Ostdeutschen. Stollhamm 1955 (also published as: Weg durch vier Zeitepochen.
Eventually, Ferdinand I of Romania declared war on Austria-Hungary, the German Empire and the other Central Powers. It came as a shock for the Germanophiles. Although subject to the Romanian Army draft, Bassarabescu managed to avoid being called into active duty, and was instead appointed captain of a military reserve in Mogoșoaia train station.
In 1815, Schaumburg-Lippe joined the German Confederation, and in 1871 the German Empire. In 1918, it became a republic. The tiny Free State of Schaumburg-Lippe existed until 1946, when it became an administrative area within Lower Saxony. Schaumburg-Lippe had an area of 340 km², and a population of 51,000 (as of 1934).
With Prussia Marklissa became part of the German Empire in 1871. After World War II the town, located east of the Oder-Neisse line, was ceded to the Republic of Poland according to the 1945 Potsdam Agreement. The German population was expelled and the area resettled with Poles deported from the eastern Kresy borderlands.
Brunner, S. 274. On the other hand, the Bavarian government had already declared itself ready to join the German Empire at the time of the telegram sent by Count Werthern and could not have succeeded in carrying out its repayment of reparations.Franz Herre, Bayerns Märchenkönig Ludwig II., 6. Aufl., Heyne, München 2001, , S. 261 f.
In the rank of a Lieutenant General he got the post as inspector of the cavalry troops in 1904. After he took office as war minister in 1912, he became Colonel General on 1 August 1914. Kreß von Kressenstein was the Bavarian representative in the German Empire. He resigned in 1916 and died in Munich.
Post office personnel standing outside the German Post Office in Jerusalem. 1921 German Levant stamp, 20 Para on 10 Pf (MiNr. 37), issued 1906, here cancelled in Jaffa, February 4, 1911. The German Empire opened its first office on October 1, 1898, in Jaffa, followed on March 1, 1900, by an office in Jerusalem.
Born Esther Joesten in Munich, German Empire (now Germany), she was the first child of Joseph Joesten and his wife, Amalia. At the age of eighteen, she started studying art in Düsseldorf (Germany) and took courses in sculpture under Bourdelle in Paris (France). In 1929, she obtained a Ph.D. from Munich University in psychology.
Carl Joachim Friedrich (; ; born June 5, 1901, Leipzig, German Empire – September 19, 1984, Lexington, Massachusetts) was a German-American professor and political theorist. His writings on law and constitutionalism made him one of the world's leading political scientists in the post-World War II period. He is one of the most influential scholars of totalitarianism.
With Prussia the town became part of the German Empire in 1871 and flourished after being connected to the railway network in 1877. It also served as an educational and administrative centre for the surrounding region. In 1913 the local Polish community erected the Sacred Heart Church, the town's first Catholic church since the Reformation.
The Battle of Mărășești (August 6, 1917 – September 3, 1917) was the last major battle between the German Empire and the Kingdom of Romania on the Romanian front during World War I. Romania was mostly occupied by the Central Powers, but the Battle of Mărășești kept the northeastern region of the country free from occupation.
Leiningen was staunchly anti-Prussian and essentially anti-prince. His family had been mediatized along with hundreds of other nobles in the Napoleonic period, and he expected the remaining princes of Germany to set aside their crowns as well.Heinrich v. Sybel, "The Founding of the German Empire by William I.", volume 1, p. 232.
Heldt was born on 4 November 1872 in Potsdam, Prussia, German Empire (present-day Brandenburg, Germany). He served as the Minister-President of Saxony from 4 January 1924 to 26 June 1929. Heldt died on 27 December 1933 at the age of 61 in Dresden, Saxony, Germany and was buried in the Heidefriedhof in Dresden.
Following the North German Confederation Treaty the Kingdom of Saxony entered the North German Confederation in 1866. This continued after the founding of the German Empire on 18 January 1871. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Zittau returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
According to one account, the incident occurred as follows: It was a cool day and Schnaebelé was wearing a coat and top hat. He walked briskly on the road leading from Nancy (France) to Metz (then in Lothringen, German Empire). The road is deserted. To his left are two French brothers working in a vineyard.
Pockels was born in Venice, Italy, in 1862. At the time, Venice was under Austrian rule, and Pockels' father served in the Austrian Army. When he fell sick, the family moved in 1871 to Brunswick, Lower Saxony, which was part of the nascent German Empire. There, Pockels attended the Municipal High School for Girls.
In 1884 he became a department head in the German General Staff, 1888 Quartermaster-General and Deputy Chief of the General Staff. In 1905 he composed the Schlieffen Plan, which was to enable the German Empire to prevent a war on two fronts. He died a Prussian field marshal on 4 January 1913 in Berlin.
This is the order of battle for Operation Michael, part of the German Spring Offensive fought from 21 March to 5 April 1918 as one of the main engagements of the First World War. It was fought between mixed French, British and Dominion forces and the German Empire in the Somme region in northern France.
During the period of German unification (1866-1871), Saxony, along with the other states of the German Empire, entered into conventions with Prussia regarding their armies and only the Bavarian Army remained fully autonomous. The division was headquartered in Leipzig.Günter Wegner, Stellenbesetzung der deutschen Heere 1815-1939. (Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück, 1993), Bd. 1, p.
During the period of German unification (1866-1871), Saxony, along with the other states of the German Empire, entered into conventions with Prussia regarding their armies and only the Bavarian Army remained fully autonomous. The division was headquartered in Dresden.Günter Wegner, Stellenbesetzung der deutschen Heere 1815-1939. (Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück, 1993), Bd. 1, p.
Kurt Enoch was born in Hamburg, then part of the German Empire, on 22 November 1895. He was the son of Otto Enoch (1860–1934), an entrepreneur and publisher, and his wife, Rosa. His parents were from a liberal Jewish background and encouraged their son to study literature and devote himself to his education.Margaret Enoch, ed.
Martin Sigismund Eduard von Simson (10 November 1810 – 2 May 1899) was a German jurist and distinguished liberal politician of the Kingdom of Prussia and German Empire, who served as President of the Frankfurt Parliament as well as the first President of the German Parliament and of the Imperial Court. He was ennobled by Frederick III in 1888.
Therefore, with more work and less womanizing, Ellis could win the National Eisteddfod. Ellis smiles and quips, "Where do you think all that passion comes from?" Meanwhile, international tensions rise and the British Army installs an artillery range on a local hillside, much to Ellis' annoyance. In August 1914, Britain declares war on the German Empire.
Alphonse Goetz (aka A. Geoffroy-Dausay) (15 March 1865, Strasbourg – 12 July 1934, Chaumont-en-Vexin) was a French chess master. Born in Strasbourg, France, he was a refugee after the Franco-Prussian War and the annexation of Alsace–Lorraine to the German Empire. In 1890, he was first, followed by Jean Taubenhaus, Stanislaus Sittenfeld, etc., in Paris.
The settlement of the area around Lucka occurred in the early Stone Age (5000-2500 b.c.). Lucka was first mentioned in writing in 1320 as "opidum Luckowe". The area was also the site of a battle in 1307 between the Habsburgs and the Wettins. Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Lucka was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
First classifications were based on construction rules developed by Friedrich Schüler, a shipbuilder from Stettin-Grabow, Prussia (later the German Empire). GL's first international ship classification register from 1868 reports 273 classed ships – 26 of them under a foreign flag. In 1877, ten times more classed ships were registered. As a consequence, the surveyor network extended rapidly.
Hackl was born on 25 March 1915 in Regensburg, Upper Palatinate of the Kingdom of Bavaria, as part of the German Empire. He was the son of a master joiner. He joined the Reichswehr (Army of the Weimar Republic) in 1933, initially serving with 20. (Bayerisches) Infanterie-Regiment (20th Bavarian Infantry Regiment), subordinated to the 7.
Portrait of Heinrich von Stephan thumb Ernst Heinrich Wilhelm von Stephan (Born Heinrich Stephan, January 7, 1831 – April 8, 1897) was a general post director for the German Empire who reorganized the German postal service. He was integral in the founding of the Universal Postal Union in 1874, and in 1877 introduced the telephone to Germany.
After the capitulation of the German Empire, Mattenklott was retained in the Reichsheer of the Weimar Republic. He continued to rise in the ranks of the Reichswehr, being promoted to Major in 1928. His next position was that of an instructor at the Infantry School in Dresden. In 1932, he rose to the rank of Oberstleutnant.
The first 110 kV transmission line in Europe was built around 1912 between Lauchhammer and Riesa, German Empire. Original pole. Voltages used for electric power transmission increased throughout the 20th century. The first "high voltage" AC power station, rated 4-MW 10-kV 85-Hz, was put into service in 1889 by Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti at Deptford, London.
Hans Augusto Reyersbach was born in Hamburg, German Empire on September 16, 1898. Hans and Margret were German Jews. The couple first met in Hamburg at Margret's sister's 16th birthday party. They met again in Brazil, where Hans was working as a salesman of bathtubs and Margret had gone to escape the rise of Nazism in Germany.
The news helped generate support for the United States declaration of war on Germany in April of that year.Andrew, p. 42. The message came as a coded telegram dispatched by the Foreign Secretary of the German Empire, Arthur Zimmermann, on January 16, 1917. The message was sent to the German ambassador of Mexico, Heinrich von Eckardt.
""Romînia în fața aliaților. Declarațiile d-lui Gr. N. Filipescu făcute lui Le Journal", in Adevărul, January 3, 1916, p. 2 At times, his sporting interests interfered with his politics: at the Bucharest Jockey Club in early 1916, he had a publicized row with Hilmar von dem Bussche-Haddenhausen, ambassador of the German Empire. "En Roumanie.
Reuss-Ebersdorf was a county and from 1806 a principality located in Germany. The Counts of Reuss-Ebersdorf belonged to the Reuss Junior Line. Reuss was successively a part of the Holy Roman Empire, Confederation of the Rhine, German Confederation, North German Confederation, German Empire and Weimar Republic before becoming a part of Thuringia in 1920.
Georg Friedrich Karl Freiherr (from 1914 Graf) von Hertling (31 August 1843 – 4 January 1919) was a German politician who served as the Minister-President of Bavaria from 1912 to 1917 and then as Minister-President of Prussia and Chancellor of the German Empire from 1917 to 1918. He was the first party politician to hold the office.
This would be known as Agimi alphabet. Agimi alphabet was presented in 1902 at the International Congress of Orientalists, which was held in Hamburg, German Empire. It received a favorable reception by the Austro-Hungarian and German scholars. In 1908, it was one of the three candidate alphabets presented at the Albanian Congress of Monastir (in today's Bitola).
Boje Friedrich Nikolaus von Scholtz (born 24 March 1851 in Flensburg – died 30 April 1927 in Ballenstedt) was a German general, who served as commander of 20th Corps and the 8th Army of the German Empire on the Eastern Front in the First World War and later as commander of Army Group Scholtz on the Macedonian front.
In German New Guinea issues of the German Empire were denominated in Pfennigs and Marks and were first used on February 15, 1888; later at various postal offices.Michel 1997: p. 385. These issues are recognized by the cancellation mark. Starting in 1897 German definitive stamps carried the overprint "Deutsch-Neu-Guinea" allowing also for the identification of unused stamps.
This contributed to the "Stab-in-the-back myth" that dominated German politics in the 1920s and created a distrust of democracy and the Weimar government.Wilhelm Diest and E. J. Feuchtwanger, "The Military Collapse of the German Empire: the Reality Behind the Stab-in-the-Back Myth," War in History, April 1996, Vol. 3, Issue 2, pp. 186-207.
Nouvelle Imprimerie Laballery, Paris 2002, pp. 77-79, 99, 106, 108-111. (French) (born 10 June 1976) is a German businessman who is the current head of the Prussian branch of the House of Hohenzollern, the former ruling dynasty of the German Empire and of the Kingdom of Prussia."George Frederick The Prince of Prussia" preussen.
As a result, several candidates were elected in more than one seat, with Adolphe Thiers elected in 86 constituencies. A series of by-elections were subsequently held on 2 July to elect representatives for the 114 vacant seats. This election saw the victory of monarchists (Legitimists and Orleanists), favourable to peace with the German Empire, with a large majority.
August von Heeringen (26 November 1855 – 29 September 1927) was a Prussian admiral of the German Empire. He headed the Imperial Navy News Office (Nachrichtenbureau des Reichsmarineamts) and served as the Chief of the German Naval General Staff (Admiralstab) 12 March 1911 – 31 March 1913, and was present at the famous War Council of 8 December 1912.
The Hohenzollerns considered Augusta Victoria unworthy to marry the heir apparent to the German Empire because her family lacked sufficient rank. After several months of negotiations, Victoria got what she wanted, but soon became disappointed when she saw that her daughter-in-law did not have the liberal personality that she expected.Pakula 1999, pp. 399-400Herre 2006, p. 233.
On 18 January 1871, the German Empire was proclaimed in the Hall of Mirrors of the Palace of Versailles. Bismarck in the center in white. In 1868, the Spanish queen Isabella II was deposed in the Glorious Revolution, leaving the country's throne vacant. When Prussia suggested the Hohenzollern candidate, Prince Leopold as successor, France vehemently objected.
The anarchists grouped around Bakunin favoured (in Peter Kropotkin's words) "direct economical struggle against capitalism, without interfering in the political parliamentary agitation". Marxist thinking at that time focused on parliamentary activity. For example, when the new German Empire of 1871 introduced male suffrage, many German socialists became active in the Marxist Social Democratic Party of Germany.
Coello, Francisco La Conferencia de Berlín y la cuestón de las Carolinas: Discursos pronunciados en la Sociedad Geográfica de Madrid, Madrid, Imprenta de Fortanet, 1885, p. 291.Sharp, Andrew The discovery of the Pacific Islands Oxford, 1960, pp. 28, 42. Erikub Atoll was claimed by the German Empire along with the rest of the Marshall Islands in 1884.
From 1867 he was Consul General of the North German Confederation (from 1871, the German Empire) in Belgrade. In 1875, Rosen returned to Detmold, where, in May 1907, the Rosenstraße was named in his honor.Rüdiger Henke, Die Straßen der Detmolder Kernstadt, Ortsverein Detmold im Lippischen Heimatbund e.V., Detmold, 2013 Rosen was a friend of E. A. Wallis Budge.
The Hohenzollern Kingdom of Prussia achieved the unification of Germany and the creation of the German Empire in 1871. As Prussia was the legal predecessor of the united German Reich of 1871–1945, and as such a direct ancestor of the present-day Federal Republic of Germany, Brandenburg is one of the earliest linear ancestors of present-day Germany.
This is a list of those people who were heir apparent or heir presumptive to the Kingdom of Prussia from its foundation in 1701 to the end of the monarchy in 1918. From 18 January 1871 the Crown Prince of Prussia was also heir apparent to the German Empire. Those heirs who succeeded are shown in bold.
The town was modernized at this time with improved traffic arteries, renovation of the town hall, reconstruction of the church of St. Michael, and the construction of several new public service buildings (law courts, high school, gas works, and post office). Schwiebus contributed to and benefited from the economic expansion of the German Empire in the years before 1914.
Illustration of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria in La Domenica del Corriere, 12 July 1914 by Achille Beltrame. Despite Italy's official alliance to the German Empire and Austria-Hungary in the Triple Alliance, the country initially remained neutral in the initial stage of World War I, claiming that the Triple Alliance was only for defensive purposes.
The town became part of the German Empire upon the unification of Germany in 1871. It had a predominantly German-speaking population of 5,238 in 1875, although it was located in a Polish-dominated district.Felix Triest, Topographisches handbuch von Oberschliesen, 1865, p. 145 (in German) The population grew to 8,750 by 1895 and 10,236 by 1900.
Alfred Hübner was born on 26 October 1891 in Lauenburg, German Empire. He joined Infantry Regiment Nr. 14 of the German Army as a Gefreiter on 11 October 1912. He continued to serve as World War I erupted, and was promoted to Unteroffizier on 30 September 1915 before transferring to the Luftstreitkräfte.Franks et al 1993, p. 132.
Bleichröder was only the second Jew in Prussia to be ennobled. Bleichröder was preceded only by Abraham Oppenheim, another banker close to the regime, ennobled four years earlier. The German-American historian Fritz Stern wrote a double-biography of Otto von Bismarck and Gerson von Bleichröder, Gold and Iron: Bismarck, Bleichröder, and the Building of the German Empire .
The German subscript at the bottom of the stamp was also altered from 'Deutsches Reich' (German Empire) to 'Futsches Reich' (ruined empire). These stamps were known as the "Death Head" and were usually placed in the letter with other subversive materials. The letters were arranged in Reichspost bags that the OSS had forged to resemble the original bags.
The Brandenburglied (also known under the title of "Märkische Heide", or Märkish Heath) was a music piece written for the Province of Brandenburg, then within the Kingdom of Prussia of the German Empire. It was used in the province from 1906 to 1936. In present days it is used as unofficial anthem of the German federal state of Brandenburg.
"Jan Kneppelhout en zijn tijdgenoten": Pieter van der Kuil, p. 103 This friendship provides him with many opportunities to contribute to exhibitions in Bavaria and later the German Empire. From 1888 he was responsible for the selection of the Dutch entries to the Munich exhibition. This position he antagonised many young Dutch painters for his conservative choices.
Otto von Bismarck utilized diversionary foreign policy often during his quest to unify Germany. These wars distracted the German people from the cultural difference that previously had prevented them from forming a single country. Bismarck used the success of the Franco-Prussian War in a similar fashion, officially establishing a German Empire following the siege of Paris.Watman, Kenneth.
3rd edition, Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart [et. al.] 1988, p. 638. The French Second Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland installed official envoys to keep contact with the Central Government. The first constitutional order of the German Empire was the Imperial Law concerning the introduction of a provisional Central Power for Germany, on June 28, 1848.
Administrative divisions of the Province of Pomerania (1939). The Region of Stettin (, ) was a unit of territorial division in the Prussian Province of Pomerania, with Prussia forming part of the German Empire since 1871. It was established in 1816 and existed until 1945. On 1 October 1932 the Stralsund Region was incorporated into the Stettin Region.
Considered to have been the first genocide of the 20th century, the Herero and Namaqua Genocide was perpetrated by the German Empire between 1904 and 1907 in German South West Africa (modern-day Namibia), during the Scramble for Africa.Olusoga, David and Erichsen, Casper W (2010). The Kaiser's Holocaust. Germany's Forgotten Genocide and the Colonial Roots of Nazism.
In 1900, the Basel tramway network acquired an international dimension, when a new cross-border line was opened to Sankt-Ludwig (now Saint-Louis, Haut-Rhin), in the then German Empire. The line operated till 1950. In 1910, a second international line was opened to Hüningen (now Huningue also Haut Rhin), which was used until 1961.
When the German Empire invade Belgium in 1914, Professor Hale was abroad in Europe. He cabled the New York Times from Le Havre, France, and permitted his name to be published with his cable recommending the United States declare war on Germany.W.G. Hale for War; Chicago Professor, Accusing Germans, Would Have Us Take Action, N.Y. Times (Sep. 5, 1914).
After Prussia's speedy victory, the debate was settled in favor of the in 1871. Bismarck used the prestige gained from the victory to maintain the alliance with Bavaria and declared the German Empire. Protestant Prussia became the dominant power of the new state, and Austria-Hungary was excluded remaining a separate polity. The Little German solution prevailed.
After the Franco-Prussian War, Georg devoted himself to theatre. He was one of the greatest intellectuals among the higher nobility during the German Empire. He is particularly known for developing the Meiningen Ensemble using his court theatre. Using his knowledge of art history and his drawing skills, he designed highly detailed, historically accurate scenery, costumes, and properties.
Accessed 12 February 2015. to the Strait of Juan de Fuca. During the so-called Pig War, both nations agreed to a joint military occupation of the islands. Kaiser Wilhelm I of the German Empire was selected as an arbitrator to end the dispute, with a three-man commission ruling in favor of the United States in 1872.
Coal mining gained importance for Rybnik's economy as early as the 18th century. In 1871, Prussia, including Rybnik, merged into the German Empire, the first modern German nation state. At this point, Poland had already ceased to exist as an independent state, having been divided between Prussia, Austria and Russia in the Third Partition of Poland of 1795.
After World War I, the Commission of Responsibilities, set up in 1919 to examine the atrocities committed by the German Empire and the other Central Powers during the war, found substantial evidence of sexual violence and subsequently included rape and forced prostitution among the violations of the laws and customs of war. Efforts to prosecute failed.
Albrecht von Graefe (1 January 1868 - 18 April 1933), was a German landowner and right-wing politician active both during the German Empire and the Weimar Republic. Although never a member of the Nazi Party he was an early associate of Adolf Hitler and for a while appeared a credible rival for the leadership of the overall Völkisch movement.
III, p.285-286 Over the early 1890s, Demetrescu's condition worsened, and he sought treatment for tuberculosis in the Alpine climate regions of German Empire and in Austria- Hungary. In 1894, he was in Munich and later at the Rheyer Villa in Bad Reichenhall. He subsequently traveled to Vienna, where he visited the Cathedral of Saint Stephen.
The Naval Laws (, "Fleet Laws") were five separate laws passed by the German Empire, in 1898, 1900, 1906, 1908, and 1912. These acts, championed by Kaiser Wilhelm II and his Secretary of State for the Navy, Grand Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz, committed Germany to building up a navy capable of competing with the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom.
Majchrzycki in 1935 Walter Witold Majchrzycki (February 4, 1909 - December 4, 1993) was a Polish boxer who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics. He was born in Berlin, German Empire and died in Poznań. In 1928 he was eliminated in the second round of the lightweight class after losing his bout to the upcoming silver medalist Stephen Halaiko.
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion. Men's competitions took place from February 2 to 3 in Berlin, German Empire. Ladies' competition took place on January 22 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary. There were only three competitors.
Pavel Illyich Bulgakov (3 August 1856 – 1940) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He fought in the war against the Ottoman Empire. He took part in the Russian invasion of East Prussia, a part of the German Empire. On 18 February 1915, his forces were surrounded the German Tenth Army in the Augustow Forest.
Boulanger had attracted the support of many socialists by ordering lenient treatment of strikers when the army was called upon to suppress strikes. He also rattled his saber against Germany which pleased French patriots intent on taking revenge against the German Empire. But his saber- rattling scared the other ministers who dumped Boulanger from the government.
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion. Men's competitions took place from January 29th to 30th in Davos, Switzerland. Ladies' competition took place on February 4th in Berlin, German Empire. There were only two competitors.
Thus the "soviet republic" ceased to exist. The few remaining people were imprisoned in the harbor barracks, and military buildings were destroyed. However, some of the sites were rescued by a local forest ranger who disconnected wires to the explosives. A week later, the Bolsheviks ceded the Baltics to the German Empire, in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
Tyiseseta was the half brother of chief Tjaherani (tenure: 1860–1884). After the deaths of Tjaherani and Christian Wilhelm Zeraua in 1884, Tyiseseta became the Herero leader of Omaruru. He signed a treaty of protectionon November 3, 1885 with Heinrich Ernst Göring and thereby with the German Empire. The missionaries Carl Gotthilf Büttner and Gottlieb Viehe were also present.
The Imperial Colonial Office () was a governmental agency of the German Empire tasked with managing Germany's overseas territories. Dissolved after World War I, on 20 February 1919 the Imperial Colonial Ministry (Reichskolonialministerium) of the German Weimar Republic replaced the Imperial Colonial Office, dealing with settlements and closing-out of affairs of the occupied and lost colonies.
Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelige Häuser, p. 75, Volume 95, C. A. Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1989, . In 1918, he was briefly a member of the Geheimes Zivilkabinett before its dissolution at the end of the German Empire. Von Delbrück remained politically active after the war, and was a founding member of the German National People's Party.
Max Radin, son of the rabbi Adolph Moses Radin, was born in Kempen, German Empire, he emigrated with his family to the United States and grew up in New York. He received his early education from his father. He studied at the City College of New York (BA 1899) and the School of Law at Columbia University (LL.B. 1902).
Thereupon, the Grand Duchy joined the North German Confederation and the reconstituted Zollverein. Also in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71, the Kingdom of Prussia received valuable assistance from Mecklenburg-Strelitz. In 1871 both Mecklenburg- Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz became States of the German Empire. Mecklenburg-Strelitz returned one member to the Bundesrat chamber of states.
When the U.S. joined in World War I, an anti-German hysteria quickly spread in American society. German-Americans, especially immigrants, were blamed for military acts of the German Empire, and even speaking German was seen as unpatriotic. Many German- American families anglicized their names (e.g. from to Smith, to Taylor, to Miller), and German nearly disappeared in public.
To overcome this, they appointed castellans as their trusted vassals to manage a castle in exchange for obligations to the landlord, often a noble.Karl Bosl, “Ruler and Ruled in the German Empire from the Tenth to the Twelfth Century,” in Lordship and Community in Medieval Europe, ed. Fredric Cheyette, (New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc., 1968): 359=362.
Before the beginning of the construction — not unlike today — the financing had to be guaranteed. Negotiations with various banks were unsuccessful. German Empire, Prussia and Rhine Province were also defeated, so the city had to bear the full costs, which the Council officially decided in 1894. Initially the construction costs were estimated at 2.58 million Mark.
Ernst Udet was born on 26 April 1896, in Frankfurt am Main, German Empire. Udet grew up in Munich, and was known from his early childhood for his sunny temperament and fascination with aviation. In his youth he hung out at a nearby airplane factory and an army airship detachment. In 1909, he helped found the Munich Aero-Club.
By 1700, approximately 30 percent of Berlin's residents were French, because of the Huguenot immigration. Many other immigrants came from Bohemia, Poland, and Salzburg. Berlin became the capital of the German Empire in 1871 and expanded rapidly in the following years. Since 1618, the Margraviate of Brandenburg had been in personal union with the Duchy of Prussia.
For some time, Tonga's independence had been threatened by France. Since 1862 the German Empire also posed a threat to Tonga's independence with threats of annexation. The King and Reverend Baker composed the Constitution of 1875, which is still in effect today. At this time, Tonga also adopted a national flag, a coat-of-arms and a national anthem.
His position on domestic policies was conservative or reactionary, and newspapers were mostly liberal; they attacked his defiance of the elected assembly. However, his success in wars against Denmark, Austria, and France made him highly popular, and his establishment of the German Empire was a dream come true for German nationalists. Bismarck kept a tight rein on the press.
Lovinescu, p.26 Noua Revistă Română was also the place where, some years later, Sanielevici met and befriended fellow journalist Constantin Beldie. Z. Ornea, "Dezvăluirile lui Constantin Beldie" , in România Literară, Nr. 46/2000 In 1901, Sanielevici was in the German Empire, for an academic specialization in the field of Anthropology at the University of Berlin.Jicu (2010), p.
Though often characterized as a federation of monarchs, the German Empire, strictly speaking, federated a group of 26 constituent entities with different forms of government, ranging from the main four constitutional monarchies to the three republican Hanseatic cities.Richard J. Evans, Death in Hamburg: Society and Politics in the Cholera Years, 1830–1910. New York, 2005, p. 1.
Brandenburg an der Havel old town in 2015. In the late 19th century Brandenburg an der Havel became a very important industrial center in the German Empire. Steel industries settled there, and several world-famous bicycle brands such as Brennabor, Corona and Excelsior were manufactured in the city. A world-famous toy industry was also established.
In May 1849, there were a number of uprisings to force the implementation of the constitution,Constitution of the German Empire ("Constitution of Paulskirche") of 28 March 1849, in full text. but these were destroyed with the help of Prussia. On 30 May 1849, the Paulskirchenparlament was dissolved. After 1852, St. Paul's was again used for Lutheran services.
Contrary to Bismarck's original intentions, the expulsion contributed to the worsening of German- Russian relations and the erosion of their long term cooperation – resulting in a shift in Russia's external policy which finally led to the creation of the Franco-Russian Alliance soon transformed into Triple Entente, which fought the German Empire during World War I in 1914–1918.
Hößler was born in 1906 in the town of Oberdorf, today Marktoberdorf, in the Schwabenland of the German Empire. The son of a foreman, he quit school early to become a photographer. Later employed as a warehouse worker, he was unemployed during the Great Depression of the 1930s.Jens- Christian Wagner (ed.): Konzentrationslager Mittelbau-Dora 1943-1945, Göttingen 2007, p.
Friedrich Marnet was born into a military family in Metz, one of the strongest fortress of the German Empire. After leaving school, Marnet enlisted into the Prussian Army as a Fahnenjunker (cadet officer) in 1902. He received his commission as Leutnant on 9 March 1903. On 7 March 1912, Marnet was promoted to the grade of Oberleutnant.
The Deutsche Reichspartei (DRP, German Reich Party, German Imperial Party or German Empire Party) was a nationalist, far-right and later Neo-Nazi political party in West Germany. It was founded in 1950 from the German Right Party (), which had been set up in Lower Saxony in 1946 and had five members in the first Bundestag.
Presumably Farallon de Pajaros was never permanently inhabited. From 1899 to 1914, Farallón de Pájaros was controlled by the German Empire and was administered as part of the colony of German New Guinea. In 1903 the island was leased to a Japanese company, which hunted birds whose feathers were exported to Japan and then to Paris.Gerd Hardach: König Kopra.
Elame a Doo was a ruler of the Bonapriso sublineage of the Duala people who lived on the Wouri estuary of Cameroon in the late 19th century. He was the son of Doo a Priso and the grandson of Priso a Doo. Elame signed the 1884 German-Duala treaty that granted the German Empire sovereignty over Cameroon.
Stefan Glon (also known as Stefan Głon, July 2, 1908 - March 10, 1957) was a Polish boxer who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics. He was born in Berlin, German Empire and died in Żyrardów. In 1928 he was eliminated in the first round of the bantamweight class after losing his fight to the upcoming silver medalist John Daley.
The Imperial Russia's Emperor Nicolas II Warsaw Polytechnic Institute was established in 1898. Due to German Empire achievements on Eastern Front during World War I, the Emperor Nicolas II Warsaw Polytechnic Institute was evacuated and moved to Nizhny Novgorod, in 1915.History of Warsaw University of TechnologyAt the turn of the century.The 95th anniversary of NSTU n. a.
Margrave () Aleksander Ignacy Jan-Kanty Wielopolski (born 1803 in Sędziejowice, Kraków Department, Duchy of Warsaw, died 1877 in Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire) was a Polish aristocrat, owner of large estates, and the 13th lord of the manor of Pinczów. In 1862 he was appointed head of Poland's Civil Administration within the Russian Empire under Tsar Alexander II.
Harold Tronson Bengen was born in Hanover, one of his parents' four children, during the early years of the German empire. His father was a pharmacist specialising in animal medicines. His mother, born ___ Tronson, was his father's second wife. She was an educator, originally from England, who had met his father while visiting Hanover and married him.
SMS Dresden (transiting Kiel Canal) Ernst Wieblitz was born in Metz, Lorraine, one of the strongest fortress of the German Empire. He was the son of a military doctor. In 1901, aged eighteen, Wieblitz joined the Kaiserliche Marine. He began his training on the training ship Charlotte sailing from the Baltic Sea to the Mediterranean Sea.
For the next twenty years, Otto von Bismarck managed to maintain the balance of power, by proposing treaties and creating many complex alliances between the European nations such as the Triple Alliance.Erich Eyck, Bismarck and the German Empire (1964) pp 58-68René Albrecht-Carrié, A diplomatic history of Europe since the Congress of Vienna (1958) pp 163-206.
Ernst Baltrusch, Morten Hegewisch, Michael Meyer, Uwe Puschner, Christian Wendt (ed.). 2000 Jahre Varusschlacht: Geschichte – Archäologie – Legenden, De Gruyter, p. 67. After the foundation of the German Empire in 1871, the interest in this story was renewed. The erection of the Hermannsdenkmal and the Hermann Heights MonumentErnst Baltrusch, Morten Hegewisch, Michael Meyer, Uwe Puschner, Christian Wendt (ed.).
As in Britain, the Black Death played a large role in this, as did the growth of large villages and towns, the Little Ice Age, the introduction of crop rotation, and war (in Germany, particularly the 30 Years War). In later times, the German Empire created a number of training grounds for the military that were eventually abandoned.
Historic prison building in Swakopmund Altes Gefängnis (German for "old prison") is a prison in Swakopmund, Namibia. It was constructed in 1909 by the German Empire and designed by German architect Heinrich Bause.Alte Gefängnis at Lonely Planet The large main building was used to house the prison's staff, while the prisoners themselves were kept in other quarters.
On 4 August 1914, Britain declared war on the German Empire at the beginning of the First World War. On 8 August, a mounted detachment from the West African Frontier Force embarked from Kano in northern British Nigeria towards the German colony of Kamerun.Buchan 1922. These first British forces crossed the border into German territory on 25 August.
In the German Empire, generals, some officers, guardsmen and seamen wore Kragenspiegel, but these were not part of the service-wide uniform. In the Weimar Republic such patches (or Litzen) were introduced throughout the army in 1921, where they indicated the rank and the arm of service, but were not used in the navy. The Wehrmacht continued this.
Gustav Ferdinand Mehler, or Ferdinand Gustav Mehler (13 December 1835, Schönlanke, Kingdom of Prussia – 13 July 1895, Elbing, German Empire) was a German mathematician. He is credited with introducing Mehler's formula; the Mehler–Fock transform; the Mehler–Heine formula; and Mehler functions (conical functions), in connection with his utilization of Zonal spherical functions in Electromagnetic theory.
German whaling was abandoned in 1872. Prior to the first world war, the newly established German Empire attempted to re-establish large scale German whaling. This was undertaken with ships either going from Germany to Iceland or from the newly established German colonies to African waters. These attempts never were commercially successful and quickly given up.
The border comes from the old border between the German Empire and the Austrian Empire. In the period 1945–1990, the border formed part of the Iron curtain and was heavily fenced and strictly guarded. The Czech Republic joined the Schengen Area in 2007. This meant that all passport checks were removed along the border in December 2007.
It was again destroyed during the Seven Years' War, this time by Russian forces in 1757. Incorporated into the Province of East Prussia from 1815, Ragnit became a part of the German Empire upon the Prussian-led unification of Germany in 1871. On November 1, 1892, a railroad line linking the town with Tilsit (now Sovetsk) was opened.
He is named after Otto von Bismarck, the famous politician who played an important role of the creation of one of the world's Great Powers, the German Empire. Bismarck, along with one-time Brazilian football teammates Jorginho and Cláudio Taffarel, were featured in a special version of the film Jesus produced and distributed during the 1998 World Cup.
Flag of the III battalion The Guards Fusilier Regiment () or Guards Fusiliers was an infantry unit of the Guards Corps of the Prussian Army garrisoned in Berlin. In keeping with the genteel nature of the unit, most of its officer corps were nobility. At the time of the German Empire it commanded soldiers guarding the Wache.
"East Elbian Junker" was a politically charged term used by leftist parties especially during the Weimar Republic (1918-1933), denoting especially the rich functionaries of the conservative, right-wing German National People's Party (DNVP) that fit the stereotype. Already during the time of the German Empire (1871-1918), these East Elbian Junkers had formed the monarchy's reactionary backbone.
At the dawn of Finnish independence, conservative social forces made an attempt to establish the Kingdom of Finland. The Agrarian League opposed monarchism fiercely, even though monarchists claimed that a new king from the German Empire and Hohenzollern would have safeguarded Finnish foreign relations. At this time, anti-anarchist peasants threatened the existence of the party.
Karl Waldemar Ritscherle was born in Karlsruhe, the Grand Duchy of Baden, in the German Empire on 1 May 1898. He enlisted in Baden's Badisches Leib-Dragoner Regiment No. 20 on 5 September 1914, at 16 years of age. He went off to serve on the Eastern Front. He was promoted to Unteroffizier on 21 June 1915.
During this period the German Church had missionaries who devoted themselves entirely to popular mission work: Peter Roh, Klinkhofström, Pottgieser. On the expulsion of the Jesuits, Redemptorists and other orders from the German Empire, in 1872, there was an interruption. In Italy systematic mission work was introduced by the Lazarists during the lifetime of their founder.
Marie Baum (23 March 1874 – 8 August 1964), was a German politician of the German Democratic Party (DDP) and social activist. She was one of the first female members of the Weimar National Assembly. She was a pioneer within German welfare and workers security. Marie Baum was born in Danzig, West Prussia, German Empire (Gdańsk, Poland).
Prince Louis William Augustus of Baden (; 18 December 1829 – 27 April 1897) was a Prussian general and politician. He was the father of Prince Maximilian of Baden, the last Minister President of the Kingdom of Prussia and last Chancellor of the German Empire. Wilhelm was a Prince of Baden, and a member of the House of Zähringen.
From a young age, Wilhelm held a seat in the First Chamber of the Diet of the Grand Duchy of Baden. From 1871 to 1873, Wilhelm was a representative of Baden in the Reichstag of the German Empire in which he was a member of the German Imperial Party () (also known as the Free Conservative Party).
Siegfried Translateur was born in Carlsruhe in Upper Silesia,gov.genealogy.net in the Province of Silesia, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire (Pokój in Poland), the natural son of Rosaline Translateurgeni.com (1858 in Lublin, Lublin Governorate, Congress Poland, Russian Empire 1934, Moravský Krumlov) and an unknown father, and adopted child of her later husband, the ḥazzān Salomon Lagodzinsky (1857, [?] 1915).
There had been Anglican worship in Berlin since at least 1830. From 1855 the Anglican congregation used a gatehouse at Monbijou Palace as the English Chapel. The chapel soon became too small for the services of the congregation, regularly attended by Princess Royal Victoria, Crown Princess of Prussia and the German Empire."St. George's Anglican Church", on: Preussen.
In 1871, Haguenau was ceded to the German Empire upon its victory in the Franco-Prussian War; the community was made part of Alsace-Lorraine, with its Germanic spelling-Hagenau-restored. The Haguenau Airport was built in 1916 by the German military to train fighter and bomber pilots to fight in the First World War.History . - Haguenau Aeroclub.
Proclamation of the German Empire, painted by Anton von Werner The creation of a unified German Empire (aside from Austria) greatly disturbed the balance of power that had been created with the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Germany had established itself as a major power in continental Europe, boasting the most powerful and professional army in the world. Although Britain remained the dominant world power overall, British involvement in European affairs during the late 19th century was limited, owing to its focus on colonial empire-building, allowing Germany to exercise great influence over the European mainland. Anglo-German straining of tensions was somewhat mitigated by several prominent relationships between the two powers, such as the Crown Prince's marriage with the daughter of Queen Victoria.
Upon the establishment of the Prussian Kingdom, the region became a single province, later divided again into West and East and the northernmost area of Greater Poland (Sępólno Krajeńskie, Złotów and Wałcz) was adjoined to it. Its population remained partly Polish and partly German, partly Catholic and partly Lutheran (both divisions overlapping especially in the west). Though the Kingdom of Prussia was a member of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866, the provinces of Posen and Prussia were not a part of Germany until the creation of the German Empire in 1871 during the unification of Germany. As agreed upon in the Treaty of Versailles, most of West Prussia that had belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia and the German Empire since the Partitions of Poland was ceded to the Second Polish Republic.
The first nation state named "Germany" began in 1871; before that Germany referred to a geographical entity comprising many states, much as "the Balkans" is used today, or the term "America" was used by the founders of "the United States of America." In German constitutional history, the expressions Reich (reign, realm, empire) and Bund (federation, confederation) are somewhat interchangeable. Sometimes they even co-existed in the same constitution: for example in the German Empire (1871–1918) the parliament had the name Reichstag, the council of the representatives of the German states Bundesrat. When in 1870–71 the North German Confederation was transformed into the German Empire, the preamble said that the participating monarchs are creating einen ewigen Bund (an eternal confederation) which will have the name Deutsches Reich.
Before that, the German question ruptured this "German unity" after the 1848 Revolution before it was achieved, however; Austria-Hungary as a multinational state could not become part of the new "German empire", and nationality conflicts in Prussia with the Prussian Poles arose ("We can never be Germans – Prussians, every time!"). The advent of national feeling and the movement to create an ethnically German Empire did lead directly to nationalism in 1871. Ethnic minorities declined since the beginning of the modern age; the Polabs, Sorbs and even the once important Low Germans had to assimilate themselves. This marked the transition between Antijudaism, where converted Jews were accepted as full citizens (in theory), to Antisemitism, where Jews were thought to be from a different ethnicity that could never become German.
The kingdom, however, was obliged to join the North German Confederation of which Prussia was the head. In 1871 Saxony became one of the states of the newly founded German Empire. King John was followed by his son King Albert (1873–1902); Albert was succeeded by his brother George (1902–04); the son of George is King Frederick Augustus III. Prince Maximilian (born 1870), a brother of the present king, became a priest in 1896, was engaged in parish work in London and Nuremberg, and since 1900 has been a professor of canon law and liturgy in the University of Freiburg in Switzerland. The Kingdom of Saxony is the fifth state of the German Empire in area and third in population; in 1905 the average population per square mile was 778.8.
After the Unification of Germany into the German Empire in 1871, the last lessons that made use of the Polish language were removed from schools in 1872. Masurians who expressed sympathy for Poland were deemed "national traitors" by German public opinion, especially after 1918 when the new Polish republic laid claims to, up to then German, areas inhabited by Polish speakers According to Stefan Berger, after 1871 the Masurians in the German Empire were seen in a view that while acknowledging their "objective" Polishness (in terms of culture and language) they felt "subjectively" German and thus should be tightly integrated into the German nation-state; Berger concludes that such arguments of German nationalists were aimed at integrating Masurian (and Silesian) territory firmly into the German Reich. During the period of the German Empire, the Germanisation policies in Masuria became more widespread; children using Polish in playgrounds and classrooms were widely punished by corporal punishment, and authorities tried to appoint Protestant pastors who would use only German instead of bilinguality and this resulted in protests of local parishioners. According to Jerzy Mazurek the native Polish- speaking population, like in other areas with Polish inhabitants, faced discrimination of Polish language activities from Germanised local administration.
A French, anti-German propaganda poster. Nikiforova sided with the Allies of World War I and joined the French Army. While living in exile in Paris, she sided with Peter Kropotkin on the issue of World War I, favoring the Allies in opposition to the German Empire. She graduated from French military school at the officer rank and served in the army.
The Republic of Ostrów () was a short-lived autonomous republic in the Polish area of Ostrów Wielkopolski. The republic, declared on 10 November 1918, Gazeta Ostrowska, Przewrót bez jednego wystrzałuDwutygodnik Opiekun, Cud zmartwychstania Polski (Miracle of the resurrection of Poland) intended to liberate Poles from Prussia and the German Empire. It was formed about a month before the Greater Poland Uprising.
The Reichsflotte (, Imperial Fleet) was the first navy for all of Germany, established by the revolutionary German Empire to provide a naval force in the First Schleswig War against Denmark. The decision was made on 14 June 1848 by the Frankfurt Parliament,Günter Wollstein: Das ‚Großdeutschland‘ der Paulskirche. Nationale Ziele in der bürgerlichen Revolution 1848/1849. Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 1977, p. 262/263.
In the early 18th century, Lauter, as developed into a French fortification of the Lauter-line, defined as the border of France in the Congress of Vienna of 1815. On 13 August 13, 1793, a battle of the War of the First Coalition took place in the Bienwald. After the Franco-Prussian War of 1871, Lauterbourg passed to the German Empire.
Heintges was born on 9 December 1912 in Koblenz, German Empire. His father was an officer in the Imperial German Army who was killed in action in the Battle of Tannenberg. In 1920 his family emigrated to the United States, sponsored by an uncle who was a major in the Army Medical Corps, and his mother remarried an infantry officer.
Ludendorff had a goal: "One thing was certain – the power must be in my hands."Ludendorff, 1919, 2, p. 151. As stipulated by the Constitution of the German Empire the government was run by civil servants appointed by the Kaiser. Confident that army officers were superior to civilians, OHL volunteered to oversee the economy: procurement, raw materials, labor, and food.
A non-sovereign monarchy is one in which the head of the monarchical polity (whether a geographic territory or an ethnic group), and the polity itself, are subject to a temporal authority higher than their own. The constituent states of the German Empire provide a historical example; a contemporary one is the Zulu King, whose power derives from the Constitution of South Africa.
The origins of the site go back to about 920. The first monastic settlement at Steinfeld took place in about 1070, and the Premonstratensians settled here in 1130. It became an important monastery in the German Empire, and established a number of daughter houses across Europe, including Strahov Abbey in Prague. It was raised to the status of an abbey in 1184.
Recognition by the United Kingdom of France's sphere of influence provoked a strong reaction from the German Empire; and a crisis loomed in 1905. The matter was resolved at the Algeciras Conference in 1906. The Agadir Crisis of 1911 increased tensions between European powers. The 1912 Treaty of Fez made Morocco a protectorate of France, and triggered the 1912 Fez riots.
Elgiszewo () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ciechocin, within Golub-Dobrzyń County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies south-west of Golub-Dobrzyń and east of Toruń. It was part of Prussia from 1815, and then the German Empire from 1871, before becoming Polish again in 1919. The village has a population of 1,000.
The German Conservative Party (, DkP) was a right-wing political party of the German Empire founded in 1876. It largely represented the wealthy landowning elite Prussian Junkers. The party was a response to German unification, universal and equal franchise in national elections and rapid industrialization. It changed from a diffuse party of broad ideology into an interest party in Bismarckian Germany.
From 1885 to 1894, he was the Ambassador at Berlin, bringing an end to a toll war between Russia and the German Empire in 1894, as well as concluding the Reinsurance Treaty with Otto von Bismarck. For the following two years he served as Governor-general of Warsaw. Shuvalov retired from office in 1896 and spent the rest of his life in Yalta.
In France the influences of Jansenism and Gallicanism were still powerful; in the German Empire Josephinism and Febronianism spread. The suppression of the Society of Jesus by Pope Clement XIV occurred in 1773. The period was dominated by the European Enlightenment, the French Revolution, and German idealism. De Lamennais (d. 1854) and Ignaz Heinrich von Wessenberg (1774–1860), were both unorthodox.
With the unification of Germany into the German Empire in 1871, the kingdom became a federated state of the new empire and was second in size, power, and wealth only to the leading state, the Kingdom of Prussia. In 1918, Bavaria became a republic after the German Revolution, and the kingdom was thus succeeded by the current Free State of Bavaria.
Due to his political activities, he lost his job as a carpenter, instead he earned his living from 1890 to 1898 as an innkeeper. Zubeil represented the SPD as a member of the Reichstag of the German Empire from June 1893, a position that he held henceforth without interruption until November 1918.Reibel, Carl-Wilhelm: Handbuch der Reichstagswahlen 1890-1918. Bündnisse, Ergebnisse, Kandidaten.
Eberhard was born on 24 September 1889, in Bromberg, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, the fourth of five children to Field Marshal August von Mackensen and his wife Dorothea (née von Horn). Mackensen joined the Imperial German Army in 1908, where he became a Fahnenjunker of the XVII Corps stationed in Danzig, and was promoted to lieutenant on 22 March 1910.
New Georgia Encyclopedia: "The 'Georgia Wonder' phenomenon". Retrieved March 1, 2012. During this period she performed for numerous heads of state, including Kaiser Wilhelm II of the German Empire, Emperor Franz Josef I of Austria-Hungary, and Tsar Alexander III of the Russian Empire. Haygood died in Macon, Georgia on November 21, 1915, and was interred in Memory Hill Cemetery, Milledgeville, Georgia.
His days as a student at the University of Heidelberg gave him a long-life admiration of German historical and legal scholarship. He became a believer in "Teutonic freedom", an ill-defined concept that was held to bind the German Empire, Britain and the United States together. For him, the United States, the British Empire and Germany were "natural friends".
As a result of the Unification of Germany, it became part of the German Empire in 1871. In May 1886 the town was devastated by a whirlwind. In 1945 during World War II, the town was conquered by the Soviet Red Army. After Germany's defeat in the war, the town once again became part of Poland, being east of the Oder–Neisse line.
In 1905, the Ethiopians signed a weapons treaty with the German Empire and Austria-Hungary. On July 27, 1914, the Ethiopians and Austro-Hungarians made an agreement and paid for the transfer of 120 cannons from the Austrians to Ethiopians. However, the following day the Austro-Hungarians declared war on Serbia starting World War I and preventing the full transfer of the cannons.
His uncle and successor Heinrich Raspe used only the Wartburg as his residence. This, for the city of Creuzburg, as well as the castle, was the end of their times of prosperity. The town sank into economic and cultural anonymity in the following centuries. Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Creuzburg was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar- Eisenach.
His capital Kassel was occupied by Prussia, and, as a consequence of his refusal to negotiate, he was transferred as a prisoner to Stettin on 23 June. Hessen-Kassel was annexed by Prussia in the same year. Frederick William never accepted the Prussian dominance over his territory. Even after the creation of the unified German Empire (1871), he tried to regain his throne.
During the Prussian-led unification of Germany, Stallupönen became a part of the German Empire in 1871. With the construction of railways, the town became well-acquainted to travelers, as it was the last stop on the German-Russian frontier. Here, travelers made the transfer from standard gauge railway carriages of western Europe to the broad gauge carriages of Russia.
With the outbreak of First World War Kirdford acted from August 4 to September 10, 1914 as General Staff Officer and leader of the flyer Detachment Deputy of the XIV Corps (German Empire). He acted on several positions and was not wounded. From January 1919 to June 1919 he was commander of the Neuruppin airport. He left the army on June 8, 1919.
The scion of an ancient and distinguished Shropshire family, Dalberg-Acton was born in Bavaria, in the then German Empire. He was the first and only surviving son of The 1st Baron Acton, a historian and politician, and his German wife, Marie Anna Ludomilla Euphrosina Gräfin von Arco auf Valley. He completed his education in England at Magdalen College, Oxford.
Another picture by von Ripper, depicting Nikolaus von Falkenhorst, was used on the cover of Time magazine on May 13, 1930. In 1939, he produced illustrations for Norman Corwin's book Seems Radio is Here to Stay. During this period his art also began to appear in Fortune magazine. In 1941, Rudolph and Mopsa were officially expelled from the German Empire.
The Second Industrial Revolution was also taking place rapidly in the United States and the German Empire; this presented an increasing economic challenge for the UK. The costs of fighting World War I and World War II further weakened the UK's relative position. In the 21st century, the UK has faced the challenges of the 2008 banking collapse and the 2020 coronavirus pandemic.
Both nations remove their troops in 1920, as Lenin's Bolsheviks solidified their control over Russia. LaFeber, Clash pp. 116–27. At the Paris Peace Conference in 1919, Japan was given the mandate over a number of smaller islands that had been part of the German Empire. Japan was disappointed when its draft resolution condemning racism in international affairs, was dropped from the agenda.
Leutnant Hans Böhning, Iron Cross, was a German World War flying ace credited with 17 aerial victories. He served the German Empire first as an artilleryman, then as an aerial observer for artillery, as a fighter pilot, and finally as the Staffelführer of a fighter squadron. He would survive the war and die in a gliding accident on 20 October 1934.
Sign for "Reichskommissar für die besetzten Norwegischen Gebiete Dienststelle Trondheim". It was used at the Trondheim office for the national commissioner. The need by Nazi Germany to occupy and incorporate Norway into a German empire came about for two principal reasons. The first was that in 1940, Germany was dependent on natural resources, mainly iron ore, being sent from Sweden to Germany.
Maltzahn participated in the Austro-Prussian War (1866) and the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71) as a cavalry officer. In 1871 he became a member of the Reichstag for the constituency of Anklam-Demmin, and was made chairman of the household committee. In 1875, he received the title Freiherr. From 1888 to 1893, he was Finance Minister of the German Empire.
Neusalz was administered within Landkreis Freystadt i. Niederschles. in Prussian Silesia after the Napoleonic Wars. The modern industrial development began in the 19th century when new factories, especially linen factories and steelworks, were opened. Neusalz was first connected to the Silesian railway in 1871, the same year the town became part of the German Empire during the unification of Germany.
On 23 May, Italy declared war on Austria-Hungary. This was followed by declarations of war on the Ottoman Empire (21 August 1915, following an ultimatum of 3 August), Bulgaria (19 October 1915) and the German Empire (28 August 1916).United States Department of State, Declarations of War and Severances of Relations (1914–1918) (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919).
It was the standard issue of the German Empire during World War I, and became the widespread issue of Nazi Germany's Wehrmacht during World War II. The very distinctive appearance led to it being called a "stick grenade", or "potato masher" in British Army slang, and is today one of the most easily recognized infantry weapons of the 20th century..
Roemer F. (2007) Les institutions de la République messine. Eds. Serpenoise. As an important city in the heart of Europe and the crossroads of different cultures, Metz has variously experienced an integration into the Roman Empire, the period of christianization, the barbarian depredations, religious wars, the French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution, an annexation into the German Empire, and World War II.
Kuhn was born in Munich, then the German Empire, on May 15, 1896, the son of Georg Kuhn and Julia Justyna Beuth. During World War I, Kuhn earned an Iron Cross as a German infantry lieutenant. After the war, he graduated from the Technical University of Munich with a master's degree in chemical engineering. In the 1920s, Kuhn moved to Mexico.
Argonnerwaldlied ("Forest of Argonne Song") or Lied der Pioniere ("Song of the Pioneers") is a German military march of World War I. It was composed by Hermann Albert Gordon in 1914/1915. It was used during World War I by the German Empire, and a variation of the song with different lyrics was used during World War II by Nazi Germany.
Ruh was born in Bickenholtz, Alsace- Lorraine [then part of the German Empire], to poor parents. When he wasn't at school, he worked in the fields. In his autobiography written two years before his death, he wrote, "There was no time for play except on Sundays after Mass." After leaving school, he worked in the fields until deciding to become a priest.
Two alliance blocs had developed in the German Empire. Ulrich joined the group of Frederick III, crowned emperor in 1452, and Margrave Albrecht Achilles of Brandenburg. Their main opponents were the brother of the imperial duke Albert VI of Austria, Frederick of the Palatinate and Duke Louis IX of Bavaria. In 1460 the first military encounters between the two groups occurred.
It was expected that it would take many years to settle this debt. But in a one- time payment the whole debt was repaid. Now the German Empire could afford to erect these stations. The design of the building in Ehrang comes from the famous architect Julius Carl Raschdorff, who also designed the stations of Kyllburg, Bitburg-Erdorf and Speicher.
Philip Kassel (September 22, 1876 - May 25, 1959) was an American gymnast and track and field athlete who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. He was born in the German Empire. In 1904 he won the gold medal in the team event. He was also 6th in athletics' triathlon event, 11th in gymnastics' all-around competition and 19th in gymnastics' triathlon event.
Born in Split on 16 December 1866 to Abramo and Gentile (née Valenzin), Stock was raised with his brother Emil Stock and 10 siblings. Stock's paternal Ashkenazi Jewish family originated from Frankfurt am Main, German Empire, while his maternal Sephardi Jewish family arrived in Split during Napoleonic era. His father moved to Split in 1844 from Trieste (then in the Austrian Empire).
He was born on 29 May 1912, in Straßburg, Elsaß- Lothringen, German Empire. He is the father of Louis Schweitzer, CEO of Renault. He was the nephew of Albert Schweitzer. Schweitzer was educated at the University of Strasbourg, the University of Paris, and the Paris School of Political Science (Sciences Po) and received degrees in law, economics and political science.
From 1900 until 1926 Beienrode had his biggest economic time with the potash salt mining. With the discovery of the artificial fertilizer in the end of the 19th century, potash salt became high status. Until the end of World War I, the German Empire was the only mining country for potash. In 1892 was the beginning of mining in Beienrode.
The Elsässisches Fahnenlied (the "Hymn to the Alsatian Flag") was written by Emil Woerth (1870-1926) in German when Alsace-Lorraine was part of the German Empire (1871-1918). It was adopted as the official anthem of Alsace-Lorraine in 1911. After World War I, the short-lived independent Republic of Alsace- Lorraine became part of France in late 1918.
William (Wilhelm) Finnemann (December 18, 1882 – October 26, 1942) was a priest of the Society of the Divine Word, auxiliary bishop of Manila and apostolic vicar of Calapan, the Philippines. Born in Hultrop, Soest, North Rhine-Westphalia in the German Empire, he was martyred by being thrown into the sea near Verde Island off the coast of Batangas City, Batangas.
Tonne was born on 28 February 1918 in Moßbach, near Schleiz, in Thuringia of the German Empire. His father was a one-room school teacher (Dorfschullehrer). Tonne had a brother who got him interested in flying glider aircraft. In November 1937, Tonne joined the Luftwaffe as an office cadet at the Luftkriegsschule 4 (LKS 4—4th Air War School) near Fürstenfeldbruck.
Bulgaria with us - A German postcard commemorating the entering of Bulgaria in the war. The Treaty for friendship and alliance between Bulgaria and Germany was a military treaty signed on 1 September 1915 in Sofia between the Kingdom of Bulgaria and the German Empire. It was signed by the Bulgarian Prime- minister Vasil Radoslavov and the German Chancellor Georg Michaelis.
Münster spent the next 28 years in London and Paris, and Münster contributed substantially to smoothing over many minor conflicts between France and Germany. He represented the German Empire at the 1889 Hague Convention, after which he received the title of Prince. In 1900, he was awarded the Order of the Black Eagle. In December 1901, he retired to his villa in Hanover.
1933), a grandson of the last chancellor of the German Empire (Prince Max von Baden), who seems to have revived the Zähringen title after it apparently had not been in official usage since the death of Berthold V(1160-1218). Another branch was that of the Dukes of Teck, descendants of Duke Conrad's son Adalbert, whose line became extinct in 1439.
Josef Carl Peter Jacobs was born in Kreuzkapelle, Rhineland, German Empire on 15 May 1894, and learned to fly in 1912,Franks et al 1993, pp. 135-136. aged 18. As a schoolboy in Bonn, he had been fascinated by the activities he saw at the nearby flying school in Hangelar. There he learned to fly, under the tutelage of Bruno Werntgen.
Rediess was born in Heinsberg, Prussia, German Empire, the son of a court employee. After school, Rediess became an electrician. In June 1918, he enlisted in the German army, serving as an infantryman until the end of the First World War in November 1918. He then worked as an electrician until losing his job in the German economic crisis of 1929.
The income could then support the troops. The order soon established an organization throughout the German Empire of bailiwicks headed by a land commander reporting to the German master. Below the land commander were commanders, who administered the order's property. The Teutonic Order was given property in the Netherlands in 1218–19 by Count Adolf van den Berg and Sweder van Dingede.
In the end he also set up the Sigmund Schuckert Foundation with the objective of supporting deserving schoolchildren and students. One memorial to his memory is the "Wohnbaugemeinschaft Sigmund Schuckert" (Sigmund Schukert Social Housing Cooperative) foundation which he created. This became a template for Cooperative Social Housing in the German Empire. He was also a leading member of the Nuremberg "Morgengesellschaft".
Germany–Ukraine relations are foreign relations between Germany and Ukraine. Diplomatic relations between Ukraine and Germany originally were established in 1918 as between Ukrainian People's Republic and German Empire, but were discontinued soon thereafter due to occupation of Ukraine by the Red Army. Current relations were resumed in 1989 at a consulate level, and in 1992 as full-scale diplomatic mission.
The Deutsche Reich (German Empire), whose military had been responsible for the impetus for the construction, financed a large part of the construction expenses. Württemberg, who had a civilian interest in the closing of the gap between Inzigkofen and Tuttlingen, came up with the rest of the funds. The route was built around 1890 with the help of Italian temporary immigrants.
Maywald was born on August 15, 1907 in Kleve, German Empire (present day Germany) to a family of hoteliers. He grew up becoming interested in the aesthetics of art. Maywald studied at the Technical Schools of Art in Krefeld, Cologne and Berlin. His wide range of education was what let him to be the avant-garde artist that he was.
Wittenberg continued to be a fortress of the third class until the reorganisation of German defences after the foundation of the new German Empire led to its dismantling in 1873. It contained a prisoner of war camp from 1914 to 1918. A camp 10½ acres in area was set up at Klein Wittenberg, 2 miles from the city. Eight compounds held 13,000 men.
Arnulf Klett (8 April 1905 in Stuttgart, Kingdom of Württemberg, German Empire - 14 August 1974 on the Bühlerhöhe/Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg) was a German lawyer and politician. He was the first Lord Mayor of Stuttgart after the Second World War (from 1945 until his death in 1974) and has been the Lord mayor with the longest period in office of that city.
Gustav "Justav" Jaenecke (22 May 1908 – 30 May 1985) was a German ice hockey player who competed in the 1928 Winter Olympics, in the 1932 Winter Olympics, and in the 1936 Winter Olympics, and tennis player who played in three International Lawn Tennis Challenge ties for Germany. He was born in Berlin, German Empire and died in Bonn, West Germany.
Kyprian Antonovich Kandratovich (, Kipryjan Kandratovič, 1859 – October 31, 1932) was an Imperial Russian corps commander and the appointed commander of the armed forces of the short-lived Belarusian Democratic Republic. He was born in what is now Belarus. He fought in the wars against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. He fought against the German Empire on the Eastern Front.
Meichssner was born in Deutsch Eylau, West Prussia, German Empire (modern Iława, Poland).Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand Since 1912 his father Maximilian worked as a teacher and ecclesiastical supervisor at Schulpforta, where Meichssner also attended school. He volunteered the Reichswehr in 1924 as an officer cadet. Starting in 1935 he was trained for staff duties at the War Academy of Berlin.
The material that Brecht developed in the mid-1930s for his so-called Tui-Novel—a satire on intellectuals in the German Empire and Weimar Republic—also belongs to this complex of projects. See Kuhn and Constantine (2004, xix, 251). Brecht's protagonist is coarse, lacking the whimsical charm of Gozzi's portrayal and the aspiration to nobility in Schiller's adaptation (1801).Thomson (1994, 25).
Max Herrmann (March 17, 1885 - January 29, 1915) was a German track and field athlete who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born in Danzig, German Empire. In 1912 he was eliminated in the first round of the 100 metres competition as well as of the 400 metres event. In the 200 metres competition he was eliminated in the semi-finals.
Continuously threatened by sand drifts, the village was moved away from the approaching dune to today's position in the 1730s. Incorporated into the Prussian Province of East Prussia in 1773, it became part of the German Empire upon the German unification of 1871. In 1874 a lighthouse on Urbas hill was built, later destroyed in the war and rebuilt in 1945 and 1953.
Another Polish actress, Pola Negri, who later made an extraordinary career in Germany and in America, was the star of this film. Soon after that film, Negri left for Berlin and Lya Mara followed her steps. This occurred during World War I and after Poland was occupied in 1915 by the Germans, it became a part of the German Empire.
1, w. 288, pp.28-49 the German Empire, the Ottoman Empire, the Democratic Republic of Georgia, and the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus. Denikin, learning of this "back-stabbing" on 6 November 1919, ordered the Rada building to be surrounded, and with the help of Ataman Alexander Filimonov arrested ten of the Rada's members, including its premiere Pavel Kurgansky.
Carol I is in a tough position; his family roots dictate that he should enter World War I alongside the German Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, but public opinion calls for Romania to remain neutral. The king plays his last card in the Crown Council. He tries to persuade the representatives of the people to enter the war alongside the Central Powers.
Born on August 29, 1873, in Cincinnati, Ohio, Woodrough studied at Heidelberg University in the German Empire and then read law in 1893. He was a Judge of the Ward County Court in Texas from 1894 to 1896. He was the County Attorney of Ward County in 1897. He was in private practice in Omaha, Nebraska from 1898 to 1916.
Eberhardt Bohnstedt was born in Kassel, German Empire, on July 27, 1886. In 1905, he joined the German Army as a Leutnant and served throughout World War I as a Hauptmann. He was promoted to Generalmajor in 1935. On April 24, 1938, Bohnstedt was appointed to be the director of the Military School in El Salvador by President Maximiliano Hernández Martínez.
According to Polish Historian Andrzej Chwalba, during the rule of the Kingdom of Prussia and the German Empire various means were used to increase the amount of land owned by Germans at the expense of the Polish population. In Prussia, the Polish nobility had its estates confiscated after the Partitions, and handed over to German nobility.Historia Polski 1795-1918. Andrzej Chwalba.
The area incorporated into Prussia and subsequently the German Empire had little autonomy and was merely a province – the Province of Posen. The Kingdom of Poland enjoyed considerable political autonomy as guaranteed by the liberal constitution. However, its rulers, the Russian Emperors, generally disregarded any restrictions on their power. It was, therefore, little more than a puppet state of the Russian Empire.
Alsace-Lorraine is still governed by the 1801 Concordat which recognises four religions, but not secularism. When the 1905 legislation superseded the Concordat elsewhere in France, Alsace-Lorraine was part of the German Empire; thus, the 1905 law has never applied there. Similarly, the law has never been applied in the overseas Department of French Guiana as it was a colony in 1905.
In 1866 Saxony fought on the Austrian side in the Austro-Prussian War. Finally, after the defeat of the Battle of Königgrätz, Saxony joined the North German Confederation and in 1871 the German Empire under the hegemony of the Kingdom of Prussia. The King died two years later, aged seventy-one. Beyond his political work, Johann was busy with literature.
This unit was used for inter-state movement of goods, but was not applied in all states for internal use. Although the Zollverein collapsed after the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, the metric system became the official system of measurement in the newly formed German Empire in 1872 and of Austria in 1875. The Zollpfund ceased to be legal in Germany after 1877.
Only a small number of such equipped bombers was reasoned to be able to devastate Germany's industrial capacity to a greater extent than mass waves of conventionally-armed bombers.Holland 2013, pp. 86–87. Wallis allegedly said that "irreparable damage could be inflicted on the strategic communications of the German Empire by ... ten or twenty machines within the course of a few weeks".
The Centralverein deutscher Staatsbürger jüdischen Glaubens (also: Zentral- Verein, Central Verein, CV, C.V., C.-V.) (Central Association of German Citizens of Jewish Faith) was founded by German Jewish intellectuals on 26 March 1893 in Berlin, with the intention of opposing the rise of antisemitism in the German Empire. Shortly after its founding it had 1,420, and in 1926 approximately 60,000 members.
This made Breisach a small railway junction. The current entrance building was opened in 1914, replacing a temporary shed. During the First World War, the line between Breisach and Colmar saw a significant increase in traffic due to military traffic. Since Alsace was no longer part of the German Empire from 1918, Breisach became a border station between Germany and France.
The Auswärtiges Amt was established in 1870 to form the foreign policy of the North German Confederation, and from 1871 of the German Empire. The Foreign Office was originally led by a secretary of state (therefore not called a ministry), while the Chancellor, who usually also held the office of Prussian Minister of Foreign Affairs, remained in charge of foreign affairs.
2014: The Medieval Peutinger Map: Imperial Roman Revival in a German Empire (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). 2006: Violence in Late Antiquity: Perceptions and Practices, ed. H.A. Drake and eo-ed. Emily Albu, Susanna Elm, Michael Maas, Claudia Rapp, Michele Salzman (Hampshire, England, and Burlington, VT: Ashgate). 2001: The Normans in Their Histories: Propaganda, Myth, and Subversion (Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: Boydell and Brewer).
Somewhat dissatisfied with French education,Nastasă (2003), pp. 154, 233–234; (2007), pp. 179–180, 201–202 Iorga presented his dissertation and, in 1893, left for the German Empire, attempting to enlist in the University of Berlin's Ph.D. program. His working paper, on Thomas III of Saluzzo, was not received, because Iorga had not spent three years in training, as required.
His father, Edouard Dieffenbach, was an accountant in Metz, then German Empire, and his mother was Marie Caroline Koehl, daughter to Louis Xavier Joseph Koehl and Caroline Koehl (nee Gresse).Edouard Dieffenbach på geni.com. He crossed the front line during the First World War, joining the French Armed Forces. After the war, he settled in Madagascar where he was active as a planter.
Paul Götze (13 November 1903 - 28 January 1948) was an SS-Rottenführer at Auschwitz and Buchenwald concentration camps. Born in Halle, German Empire, Götze was a painter by profession. He joined the Nazi party in 1937 and the SS in 1942. In July 1942 he was posted to Auschwitz, where he initially served as a guard and supervisor of work groups.
On 24 June 1871, he received a personal acknowledgement from Chancellor of the German Empire Otto von Bismarck. In the same year, he received an annual gift from the government of 3,000 marks, which was then more than four times a typical salary. From 1865 on, Wilhelm worked as the director of the music society in Schmalkalden, where he died eight years later.
Ernst Woermann (30 March 1888 in Dresden, German Empire – 5 July 1979 in Heidelberg, West Germany) was a German diplomat who worked for the Foreign Office under the Third Reich. He was a junior state secretary of the German Foreign Ministry (1940–43) and the German ambassador to the Nanjing Nationalist Government, the Japanese puppet government in China (1943–45).
Feliks “Papa” Stamm (14 December 1901, Kościan () German Empire – 2 April 1976, Warsaw) was a prominent Polish boxing coach. He is widely regarded as the father of Polish boxing, and the creator of the so-called Polish school of boxing. To commemorate him, since 1977 annual Feliks Stamm Boxing Tournament takes place in Warsaw. In 1987, the tournament was won by Lennox Lewis.
Aschaffenburg, Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire, the birthplace of Father Hans Schmidt. Hans Schmidt was born in the Bavarian town of Aschaffenburg, to a Protestant father and a Catholic mother. Both sides of his family had a long history of mental illness. From his early childhood, Hans was regularly beaten by his father and watched his father beating his mother.
In July 1884, the Isubu found themselves part of the German Empire after annexation by Gustav Nachtigal. Coastal territory became the heart of the new colony, but Bimbia and the Isubu lands had already passed their prime. German arrival on the mainland meant that the coastal peoples' monopoly on trade had ended. Most Isubu turned to subsistence farming or fishing to survive.
In 1898 Luitpold Steidle was born into a Catholic family in Ulm, in the Kingdom of Württemberg, which less than thirty years earlier had been incorporated into the German Empire. His father was a senior military judge. He attended secondary school in Munich before joining the army in 1915. By the end of the war he had reached the rank of lieutenant.
Otto von Bismarck, 1873 Ludwig II, 1870 Even though the historical circumstance which led to this letter have now largely been clarified, their interpretation is still controversial. This document, which is important for the founding of the German Empire, could well be regarded as the result of a state of doubtful behaviour, and thus perhaps even a form of corruption.
The information on the amount of payments made by Prussia to Ludwig fluctuated. This also pointed out that the German Empire in 1876 unified the currency and in Prussia converted Guilders into Goldmarks. Overall, Ludwig appeared to have received more than six million gold marks. In addition to a first large advance payment,Lothar Gall, Bismarck, Ullstein, Berlin 1997, , S. 518.
Delbrück in the early 1940s Delbrück was born in Berlin, German Empire. His mother was granddaughter of Justus von Liebig, an eminent chemist, while his father Hans Delbrück was a history professor at the University of Berlin. In 1937, Delbrück left Nazi Germany for America—first California, then Tennessee—becoming a US citizen in 1945. In 1941, he married Mary Bruce.
The basic structure of the Namibian railway system dates from the time when the country was a colony of the German Empire known as German South West Africa. This arid part of the African continent was not very productive for agriculture. Initially, overland transport was operated entirely by ox-cart. A small mining rail line opened at Cape Cross in 1895.
The Battle of Åland Islands, or the Battle of Gotland, which occurred in July 1915, was a naval battle of World War I between the German Empire and the Russian Empire, assisted by a submarine of the British Baltic Flotilla. It took place in the Baltic Sea off the shores of Gotland, Sweden, a country neutral in World War I.
Dramaturgie, Rezeption und Aufführungspraxis. Studio-Verlag, Sinzig 2006, , S. 203–214. In 1869 the Kingdom of Prussia purchased Prince Radziwiłł's palais on initiative of Otto von Bismarck. The building was refinanced with the war reparations paid by the French Third Republic after the Franco-Prussian War and inaugurated as the chancellery of the new German Empire with the 1878 Berlin Congress.
The Leipzig City Reichstag constituency was constituency No. 13 in the Kingdom of Saxony which returned a deputy to the German Reichstag of the German Empire. It was based upon the city of Leipzig. Following the North German Confederation Treaty the Kingdom of Saxon entered the North German Confederation in 1866. As a consequence, the Kingdom returned Deputies to the Reichstag.
The Annaberg Reichstag constituency was constituency No. 21 in the Kingdom of Saxony which returned a deputy to the German Reichstag of the German Empire. It was based upon the town of Annaberg. Following the North German Confederation Treaty the Kingdom of Saxon entered the North German Confederation in 1866. As a consequence, the Kingdom returned Deputies to the Reichstag.
The Auerbach Reichstag constituency was constituency No. 22 in the Kingdom of Saxony which returned a deputy to the German Reichstag of the German Empire. It was based upon the town of Auerbach . Following the North German Confederation Treaty the Kingdom of Saxon entered the North German Confederation in 1866. As a consequence, the Kingdom returned Deputies to the Reichstag.
Detlef Nebbe (also Detleff, born 20 June 1912, died 17 April 1972 in Kiel) was an SS-Hauptscharführer and member of staff at Auschwitz concentration camp. He was prosecuted at the Auschwitz Trial. Born in Husum, German Empire, Nebbe completed 7 years of primary school, becoming a salesman by trade. He joined the SS in 1933 and the Nazi party in 1937.
The Riddle of the Sands is a 1979 British spy thriller cinema film based upon the novel of the same name written by Erskine Childers. Set in 1901, and starring Michael York, Simon MacCorkindale and Jenny Agutter, it concerns the efforts of two British yachtsmen to avert a plot by the German Empire to launch a military seaborne invasion of the United Kingdom.
Schwartzkopff was born on 5 August 1898 in Forbach (now Poznan) in the German Empire. In October 1914, he joined the military service in the Heer as a Fahnenjunker (officer cadet), serving with Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 41, an infantry regiment of the 1st Division. Schwartzkopff joined the Fliegertruppe in 1916 after being badly wounded in the Battle of Verdun in World War I.
Kammler was born in Stettin, German Empire (now Szczecin, Poland). In 1919, after volunteering for army service, he served in the Rossbach Freikorps. From 1919 to 1923, he studied civil engineering at the Technische Hochschule der Freien Stadt Danzig and Munich and was awarded his Dr.-Ing. in November 1932, following some years of practical work in local building administration.
Born in Potsdam,Steinhausen studied medicine in Berlin and became chief physician and corps doctor of the XVI Corps (German Empire). Stations of his career were Hannover. (1903), Gdańsk (1907) and Metz (1908). As a violinist by birth, he dealt with questions of music making at an early age and sought new, scientifically sound forms for the optimal handling of this instrument.
Wuermeling was born in Charlottenburg, Berlin in 1900. His father, Bernhard, worked at the Reichsamt des Innern and the Reichsarbeitsamt, the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Labour in the German Empire. Wuermeling attended school in Berlin and studied law and economics at Münster University, Hamburg University and Freiburg University. He served in the German Navy in the First World War.
The first systematic population on the European continent was taken in 1719 in Prussia (roughly corresponding to today's northern Germany and western Poland). The first large-scale census in the German Empire took place in 1895. Attempts at introducing a census in West Germany sparked strong popular resentment in the 1980s since many quite personal questions were asked. Some campaigned for a boycott.
This feeling started to come about more strongly among Bavarians when the Kingdom of Bavaria joined the Protestant Prussian-dominated German Empire while the Bavarian nationalists wanted to keep Bavaria as Catholic and an independent state. Nowadays, aside from the minority Bavaria Party, most Bavarians accept that Bavaria is part of Germany.Lunau, Kate. (25 June 2009) "No more Bavarian separatism – World" , Macleans.
Crostau has been, for centuries, a seat of several nobel families like the "von Rechenberg" and the "von Watzdorf". Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Crostau was part of the Kingdom of Saxony. In 1934 the former independent communities of Callenberg (sorabian: Chemmberk), Carlsberg and Wurbis formed the community of Crostau - in 1972 also Halbendorf (sorabian: Wbohow) became part of it.
The Second Industrial Revolution was also taking place rapidly in the United States and the German Empire; this presented an increasing economic challenge for the UK. The costs of fighting World War I and World War II further weakened the UK's relative position. In the 21st century, the UK has faced the challenges of the 2008 banking collapse and the 2020 coronavirus pandemic.
John Gurley Flook was born August 12, 1839 in Clermont County, Ohio. Flook's father, John Flook, Sr., was an immigrant born in Baden, then a sovereign country which joined the German empire only in 1871.Portrait and Biographical Record of Western Oregon: Containing Biographical Sketches of Many Well Known Citizens of the Past and Present. Chicago: Chapman Publishing Co., 1904; pp. 491–493.
He was conservative in his attitude to war and especially horrified when he heard talk of war with Britain.Gottschall, p. 124 In the mid-1890s the quest for a German naval base in the Far East was uppermost in the minds of the naval leaders of the German Empire. Many saw the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–95) as an opportunity to act.
Rapprochement often begins with a joint policy, treaty or statement, such as with the SALT I treaty or the Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations. Often, the rapprochement occurs specifically in an attempt to counter another power, like with Chinese- American rapprochement targeted towards the Soviet Union. Likewise, France and the United Kingdom sought to counter the German Empire.
The club moved its base repeatedly between various buildings within the foreign settlement, from Lot 31 to Lot 32 and then to the basement of the Oriental Hotel in Lot 79.The Japan Chronicle 1980, pp. 138–139, 141 After the establishment of the German Empire, Club Concordia's German and non-German members became antagonistic, and many of the non-German members left.
Gabriel Pellon (1900–1975) was a German painter and art director.Shandley p.212 Pellon was born in Metz, which was then part of the German Empire having been annexed from France at the end of the Franco-Prussian War. When Metz was later annexed by France, Pellon settled in Germany where he established himself as a leading designer of film sets.
122-126 The Agrarian League managed to maintain the republican voices in the Parliament until the fall of the German Empire which ruined the dreams of the monarchists.Vares 1998, p. 288-289 The relentless opposition to the monarchy was rewarded in the 1919 Finnish parliamentary election and the party became the biggest non-socialist party in Finland with 19.7% of the votes.
Geppert was born in Breslau, with Italian descent through her mother. Breslau is now Wrocław, in Poland, but at that time it was part of the German Empire. Her older brother, also became a mathematician, and a supporter of the Nazis. She studied mathematics in Breslau and in Giessen, and in 1932 completed a doctorate at the University of Breslau.
Following his medical education, he settled as a general practitioner in Regensburg, also working as an occupational physician. He became involved in the care of infants, and was one of the first doctors involved in infant welfare within the German Empire. In 1906 he founded the first maternity care center in Regensburg. In 1907 he formed an association to combat child mortality.
However, Emily Albu has suggested that the existing map could instead be based on an original from the Carolingian period. Emily Albu, The Medieval Peutinger Map: Imperial Roman Revival in a German Empire. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014 Named after the 16th-century German antiquarian Konrad Peutinger, the map is now conserved at the Austrian National Library in Vienna.
During the 1230s, a city wall was built, enclosing 38 hectares, when the earliest stone houses on the Rennweg were built as well. The Carolingian castle was used as a quarry, as it had started to fall into ruin.Zürich as the part of the German Empire Emperor Frederick II promoted the abbess of the to the rank of a duchess in 1234.
On 6 December 1917, Lieutenant colonel Jaan Soots, acting commander of the 1st Division, ordered Captain Hendrik Vahtramäe to form the 4th Infantry Regiment () in Rakvere. Following the occupation of Estonia by the German Empire, the 4th Infantry Regiment was disbanded on 5 April 1918. After the German occupation ended, the unit was re-established in Narva on 21 November 1918.
According to some sources, Faust was born in Roda in 1480. The house where he was born was torn down and sold to Chicago in 1896, where it was going to be shown in the Germany-Hall of the World's Fair. The fate of the house is unknown. Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Roda was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
As with Gothic cathedrals, the colourfully designed window panes are an integral component of the construction. The windows originate from nine well-known studios across various cities of the then German empire. All 36 windows are created in the historism style. The main window in the apse was donated by the last German imperial couple, Wilhelm II and his wife Auguste Victoria.
They were responsible for representing British interests in the Sultanate of Zanzibar. From 1913 to 1961 they were also the vizier of the Sultan of Zanzibar. On 7 November 1890, the United Kingdom proclaimed protectorate over the Sultanate (according to the terms of the Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty with the German Empire). On 10 December 1963, the United Kingdom terminated its protectorate.
Peter Becker, a German energy expert has called this Germany's first private-public partnership and after the first power station went online to illuminate the 'Gendarmenmarkt' at night. The Berlin model became influential throughout the German Empire. In 1903, Rathenau was appointed general manager of AEG. Together with his competitor and business partner, they formed the Telefunken Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie mbH.
Tracki was born in Bleischwitz, German Empire (now Poland) on 2 December 1896. The son of Josef Tracki and his wife Martha, née Schramm, Alfons grew up in a village in Upper Silesia. When he attended school, he had contact with the Christian School Brothers. He requested to be admitted to the community at their provincial school in Vienna at age 14.
This Model 1861 rifle was an improvement of the Dreyse rifle by Johannes Doersch and Cramer von Baumgarten. They shortened the needle mechanism and moved the handle to the rear of the bolt. The rifle was officially adopted in the Principality of Schaumburg- Lippe. More than one thousand rifles were produced until the principality was forced to join the German Empire in 1871.
During World War I, the Black Sea Fleet of the Romanian Navy fought against the Central Powers forces of the German Empire, the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary. The Romanian warships succeeded in defending the coast of the Danube Delta, corresponding to an area around the port of Sulina, while also aiding in the Delta's defense from inland Central Powers forces.
Another cause of famine was the Allied forces blockade on the Eastern Mediterranean, as the Allied forces had done with the German Empire in Europe, in order to stranglehold the economy with the knowledge that it might lead to a profound impact on civilians in the region. "Six unexpected WW1 battlegrounds". BBC News (BBC). BBC News Services. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
11 Following the sale of the Northern Marianas by Spain to the German Empire in 1899, the Maug islands were administered as part of German New Guinea. In 1903, the island was leased to a Japanese company, who hunted birds for feathers for export to Japan, and from there to Paris.Gerd Hardach: König Kopra. Die Marianen unter deutscher Herrschaft 1899–1914.
The Portuguese Expeditionary Corps (CEP, Portuguese: Corpo Expedicionário Português) was the main military force from Portugal that fought in the Western Front, during World War I. Portuguese neutrality ended in 1916 after the Portuguese seizure of German merchant ships resulted in the German Empire declaring war on Portugal. The expeditionary force was raised soon after and included around 55,000 soldiers.
The German Empire established the Togoland protectorate in 1884. Under German administration, the protectorate was regarded as a model colony or Musterkolonie and experienced a golden age. During the First World War in 1914, Britain and France invaded the protectorate. After the German defeat and the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, the western part of Togoland became a British mandate, British Togoland.
During the period of German unification (1866-1871), Saxony, along with the other states of the German Empire, entered into conventions with Prussia regarding their armies and only the Bavarian Army remained fully autonomous. The division was formed on April 1, 1887, and was headquartered in Bautzen.Günter Wegner, Stellenbesetzung der deutschen Heere 1815-1939. (Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück, 1993), Bd. 1, p.
He was his regiment's elected representative at the Palace of Versailles when the German Empire was proclaimed on 18 January 1871; he was an impressive figure: 195 cm (6 feet 5 inches) tall with a muscular frame and striking blue eyes.Astore and Showalter, 2005, p. 8. After the French surrender he watched from afar the suppression of the Paris Commune.
The Frankfurt Constitution (, FRV) or Constitution of St. Paul's Church (Paulskirchenverfassung), officially named the Constitution of the German Empire (Verfassung des Deutschen Reiches) of 28 March 1849, was an unsuccessful attempt to create a unified German nation state in the successor states of the Holy Roman Empire organised in the German Confederation. Adopted and proclaimed by the Frankfurt Parliament after the Revolutions of 1848, the constitution contained a charter of fundamental rights and a democratic government in the form of a constitutional monarchy. King Frederick William IV of Prussia was designated head of state as "Emperor of the Germans" (Kaiser der Deutschen), a role he rejected. The constitution is called by its more common names in order to distinguish it from the Constitution of the German Empire enacted in 1871 and initiated by Otto von Bismarck.
Kingdom of Württemberg as it existed from the end of the Napoleonic Wars to the end of World War I. From 1815 to 1866 it was a member state of the German Confederation and from 1871 to 1918 it was a federal state in the German Empire. Monument to the Constitution of Baden (and the Grand Duke for granting it), in Rondellplatz, Karlsruhe, Germany The Grand Duchy of Baden (Großherzogtum Baden) within Germany at the time of the German Empire In the wars after the French Revolution in 1789, Napoleon, the emperor of the French, rose to be the ruler of the European continent. An enduring result of his policy was a new order of the southwestern German political world. When the French Revolution threatened to be exported throughout Europe in 1792, Baden joined forces against France.
Under Hitler's leadership, the Reichstag turned the government into an effective dictatorship under Hitler's oversight on 21 March 1933 with the passage of the Enabling Act of 1933, and the economic hardships were significantly diminished via implementation of new economic and social policies. After five years in power, Hitler annexed Austria, former component of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (allies of the former German Empire), into Germany, despite such an act (specifically, "prohibition on the merging of Austria with Germany without the consent of the League of Nations") being banned by both the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye and the Treaty of Versailles. In early November 1938, the First Vienna Award was signed, allowing Germany to seize the Sudetenland, a German-speaking area of Czechoslovakia which had been a part of the German Empire-allied Austro- Hungarian Empire.
However, ' visiting the Russian Baltic governorates in the late 19th century, for instance, resented the claims of the Baltic Germans to be German — for the Germans from the Reich, to be German meant to be a German citizen, while for the Baltic Germans, it meant cultural-historical belonging. It was however not until the German nationality law (') of 1913 finally established the citizenship of the German Reich, whereas earlier political rights (including the claim to receive identity papers and passports) derived from one's citizenship of one of the States of the German Empire. The citizens of some German states comprised also autochthonous or immigrant ethnic minorities of other than German ethnicity, which is why citizens of the German Empire always also comprised people of other ethnicity than the German (e.g. Danish, French, Frisian, Polish, Romani, Sorbian etc.).
Domeier described Eulenburg as the chief promoter of "aesthetic anti- Semitism", a type of anti-Semitism concerned with glorying on one hand a romantic, reactionary and racist understanding of German national identity that expressly rejected the values of the Enlightenment while on the other hand depicting Jews as a "racial other", the antithesis of the "Aryan race", a people who formed another "race" that simply did not belong in Germany and were the principal cause of Germany's problems.Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 pages 171–174. In the words of Domeier, Eulenburg's cultural worldview pitted a "racially laden romanticism against the modern avant-garde".Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 page 172.
Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 page 186. Eulenburg testified that Ernst's daily beer consumption was "excessive, even by Bavarian standards" and claimed that his accounts of sexual encounters between himself and him were unreliable, coming from someone who spent so much of his time in a drunken daze. Eulenburg explained the trial as part of a Catholic plot to destroy him, as he was a leading defender of the "Protestant empire" and so he claimed that the Jesuits wanted to discredit him in order to enable Bavaria to break away, a remark that sparked enormous controversy as it suggested that Germany was and should be a Protestant-dominated state.Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 page 188.
Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 page 103. At the time, Germany had a very conservative culture where the existence of female sexuality was never spoken of in public, and Elbe's testimony was noteworthy for the first time where the subject of female sexuality was addressed in Germany.Domeier, Norman The Eulenburg Affair: A Cultural History of Politics in the German Empire, Rochester: Boydell & Brewer, 2015 page 103. The revelation that his young wife had attacked General von Moltke without his defending himself was seen at the time as confirming that Moltke was not manly, as the expectation was that a Prussian officer and a “real man” would have beaten his wife if she struck him, which in turn confirmed the belief that Moltke was gay.
The German Revolution or November Revolution () was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic. The revolutionary period lasted from November 1918 until the adoption in August 1919 of the Weimar Constitution. The causes of the revolution were the extreme burdens suffered by the population during the four years of war, the strong impact of the defeat on the German Empire and the social tensions between the general population and the elite of aristocrats and bourgeoisie who held power and had just lost the war. The first acts of revolution were triggered by the policies of the German Supreme Command of the Army and its lack of coordination with the Naval Command.
Albert Boerger (known as Alberto Boerger in Uruguay and South America) was a German Empire scientist that worked in phytotechnology. He was born in Förde (today Grevenbrück) in Westphalia on November 4, 1881. He was hired by the government of Eastern Republic of Uruguay in 1911 to conduct the work of plant breeding in this country, taking as reference the experiences of the United States and the German Empire. He arrived in the Eastern Republic of Uruguay on March 5, 1912, after two years of research in the experimental stations Toledo(Department of Canelones, Uruguay) and Bañados de Medina (Department of Cerro Largo, Uruguay) was transferred on March 5, 1914 to the experimental station La Estanzuela (Department of Colonia del Sacramento, Uruguay) with his collaborators, who performed a very relevant work for the Uruguay and Argentina.
The church survived however and the parish was re-created in 1801 in the time of the French Consulate. The church was extensively rebuilt under the rule of the German Empire (which had annexed Alsace in 1870) for the occasion of the anniversary of the death of the Empress Adelaide in 1899. The church was almost destroyed during World War II. Restoration was completed in 1958.
After the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871), the territory of Alsace and Lorraine was transferred from France to the newly-formed German Empire. With the acquisition, came the route network in Alsace-Lorraine. However, the previous operator, the French Chemins de fer de l'Est had moved all its rolling stock west. The new owners had to procure a fleet of locomotives, carriages and wagons quickly.
Oskar Gustav Rudolf Berthold was born on 24 March 1891, in Ditterswind, Kingdom of Bavaria in the German Empire. He was the sixth child of Oberförster (Head Forester) Oskar Berthold. The young child, familiarly known as Rudolf, was the first born to Helene Stief Berthold, Oskar's second wife. Oskar's first wife, Ida Anne Hoffmann Berthold, died in childbirth, leaving as survivors a daughter and three sons.
Erich Kästner (10 March 1900 – 1 January 2008) was the last documented World War I veteran who fought for the German Empire (including all nationalities and ethnic groups) and the last who was born in Germany. Consequently he was the last Central Powers combatant of the Western Front. He was also the second oldest man in Germany. However, he was not the last veteran living in Germany.
Königsberg became part of the German Empire in 1871 during the Prussian-led unification of Germany. A sophisticated for its time series of fortifications around the city that included fifteen forts was completed in 1888. The extensive Prussian Eastern Railway linked the city to Breslau, Thorn, Insterburg, Eydtkuhnen, Tilsit, and Pillau. In 1860 the railway connecting Berlin with St. Petersburg was completed and increased Königsberg's commerce.
It was mostly sending news that Sayville received and distributed by landline telegraph to American wire services. During construction in August 1912, the US Navy began observing Sayville because it was reportedly controlled by a company that was under the influence of the government of the German Empire. The company claimed that it had no such connection. It had become operational in July 1913.
At the end of the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Russia fell from being the third greatest naval power to sixth place. The focus of Russian naval activities shifted back from the Far East to the Baltic. The task of the Baltic Fleet was to defend the Baltic Sea and Saint Petersburg from the German Empire. Emperor Nicholas II created a Naval General Staff in 1906.
Carl Moos (29 October 1878 - 9 July 1959) was a Swiss artist and illustrator. He was born in Munich, German Empire and died in Zürich. He was part of the artist group "die Sechs" together with Friedrich Heubner, Valentin Zietara, Emil Preetorius, Max Schwarzer and Franz Paul Glass. In 1928 he won a silver medal in the art competitions of the Olympic Games for his "Posters".
Munich, 2003, pp. 291-308, here: p. 291House of Bavarian History: deutsche Revolution von 1848/49, retrieved 18 July 2014. On the one hand the reconciliation policy of the Wittelsbachs and Montgelas' aforementioned policy of unification, and, on the other hand, the inclusion of Bavaria in the German Empire in 1871, which weakened her power Bavaria slightly, the conflict between Franconia and Bavaria eased considerably.
The Omakaitse ('home guard') was a militia organisation in Estonia. It was founded in 1917 following the Russian Revolution. On the eve of the Occupation of Estonia by the German Empire the Omakaitse units took over major towns in the country allowing the Salvation Committee of the Estonian Provincial Assembly to proclaim the independence of Estonia. After the German Occupation the Omakaitse became outlawed.
The winemaking cooperative in Maraussan in the Languedoc region is one of France's oldest. In France, winemaking cooperatives are typically called caves coopératives, and produce more than half the total amount of French wine. The first winemaking cooperative was established in Alsace in 1895,World Atlas of Wine, 2001 Edition, p. 126 although at this time Alsace was part of the German Empire rather than France.
The outbreak of World War I ended Strachwitz's Olympic ambitions. The Russian Empire ordered a partial mobilization one day later and the German Empire mobilized on 30 July 1914. Strachwitz received his mobilization order while on vacation in Silesia, and returned to his unit in Berlin immediately. His regiment was subordinated to the Guards Cavalry Division and scheduled for deployment in the west.Röll 2011, p. 14.
The new commander of the EEF, General Sir Edmund Allenby, was not the first choice. Jan Smuts, the South African general, was in London, having recently returning from the partly successful East African Campaign fought against the German Empire. He was Lloyd George's choice to succeed Murray, but Smuts declined because he thought the War Office would not fully support the Palestine campaign.Bruce 2002 p.
After the use of the song in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71 made him and Wilhelm famous, his widow and two sons were granted an annual pension of 3,000 Mark by Otto von Bismarck's Reichskanzleramt. The rest of his German songs were published in Stuttgart in 1870. On 18 July 1886, Schneckenburger's remains were returned to his native town Talheim in the German Empire.
Born in Biesenrode (now part of Mansfeld), Province of Saxony, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Zeller was the son of a vicar. As a child, he studied violin and showed an aptitude for composition. After graduating from high school in Potsdam, Zeller continued studies with violinist Felix Berger in Munich, and with composer Jean Paul Ertel, in Berlin. Zeller fought in the First World War.
Adolf Hitler as an infant (c. 1889–90) Adolf Hitler was born on 20 April 1889 in Braunau am Inn, a town in Austria-Hungary (in present-day Austria), close to the border with the German Empire. He was the fourth of six children born to Alois Hitler and his third wife, Klara Pölzl. Three of Hitler's siblings—Gustav, Ida, and Otto—died in infancy.
Arthur Zimmermann (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1940) was State Secretary for Foreign Affairs of the German Empire from 22 November 1916 until his resignation on 6 August 1917. His name is associated with the Zimmermann Telegram during World War I. However, he was also closely involved in plans to support rebellions in Ireland and in India, and to assist the Bolsheviks to undermine Tsarist Russia.
During 1860, the town was connected with Frankfurt by a railway line, the Homburger Bahn. During 1888, Homburg became known throughout the German Empire because Kaiser Wilhelm II declared Homburg's Schloss an Imperial summer residence, and later financed the building of the Church of the Redeemer (Erlöserkirche) nearby. His mother, too, lived there for several years. Edward VII of the UK was also often a guest.
This enabled the Socialists and the Catholic Centre Party to play considerable roles in the empire's political life despite the continued hostility of Prussian aristocrats. The era of the German Empire is well remembered in Germany as one of great cultural and intellectual vigour. Thomas Mann published his novel Buddenbrooks in 1901. Theodor Mommsen received the Nobel prize for literature a year later for his Roman history.
Richard Vogt was born in Schwäbisch Gmünd, a town in the Kingdom of Württemberg, which at that time was a constituent state of the German Empire. He was the seventh child of twelve siblings. He was admitted to a school of universal literacy education in Stuttgart-Cannstatt. When he was a student at the school, he had an opportunity get to know Ernst Heinkel.
The Imperial Schutztruppe for German South west Africa () was the official name of the military formation that maintained the German Empire in its colony of German South West Africa. The Schutztruppe are held responsible for numerous war crimes in the Herero and Nama uprising in 1904. During the First World War, the Schutztruppe was defeated by the troops of the Union of South Africa.
Bernstein was born in Meiningen in the German Empire. He moved to the Netherlands before World War I, where he worked in the grain trade. In 1917, he joined the Zionist Organisation, serving as secretary and board member. In 1925, he became editor-in-chief of a Zionist weekly, a role he held until 1935, and between 1930 and 1934 served as the Zionist Organisation's president.
Koffler was born on June 7, 1879 in Zurawno, near Lemberg, now Lviv, Ukraine, when the city was in the Austrian-Hungarian Empire. His family moved to Vienna in 1882, where he received his education. He made his Abitur and became an opera singer. In 1911 he became the director of a theatre in Colmar, Alsace which was then in the German Empire (now in France).
New Poland started releasing new currency – Polish marks, after the defeat of the German Empire and Austro-Hungary. The first banknotes had either Tadeusz Kościuszko (5, 10, 100, 1000 marks) or Queen Jadwiga (10 and 500 marks). 1 and 20 marks also circulated, but they showed nobody on the banknotes. The Polish marka was extremely unstable because of the constant wars with its neighbours.
Later, in a reorganization, the Legions were renamed: the Puławy Legion into the 739 New Aleksandrovo Squad and the 740 Lublin Squad. The formation was used in combat against the German Empire. The Legion fought on the frontlines from March till September 1915, when it was withdrawn to rest and reinforce. Eventually, the Legion was disbanded in October 1915 and reorganized into the Polish Rifle Brigade.
The Observatory of Strasbourg is an astronomical observatory in Strasbourg, France. Following the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, the city of Strasbourg became part of the German Empire. The University of Strasbourg was refounded in 1872 and a new observatory began construction in 1875 in the Neustadt district. The main instrument was a 50 cm Repsold refractor, which saw first light in 1880 (see Great refractor).
At the time this was the largest instrument in the German Empire. In 1881, the ninth General Assembly of the Astronomische Gesellschaft met in Strasbourg to mark the official inauguration. The refracting telescope inside the dome The observatory site was selected primarily for instruction purposes and political symbolism, rather than the observational qualities. It was a low-lying site that was prone to mists.
Luns was born in a Roman Catholic, francophile and artistic family. His mother's family originated from Alsace-Lorraine but had moved to Belgium after the annexation of the region by the German Empire in 1871. His father, Huib Luns, was a versatile artist and a gifted educationalist who ended his career as professor of architectural drawing at the Delft University of Technology.Kersten, A.E., Luns.
Germany and the United States first established diplomatic relations in 1871, the year of the establishment of the German Empire. Theodore Roosevelt and aide de camp Col. Bingham depart the chancery of the German embassy in the presidential state coach following a return visit to Prince Henry of Prussia in 1902. In 1894 the German embassy occupied a new chancery at 1435 Massachusetts Avenue.
Alice Roosevelt had been further honored by the German Empire by the March 1902 renaming of former torpedo boat D2 to Alice Roosevelt. William Lowell Putnam gives the namesake as Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, the daughter of Queen Victoria.Putnam, p. 145. Putnam states further that Princess Alice was the wife of Kaiser Freidrich III, apparently confusing Alice with her sister Princess Victoria.
They forced the sultan to reintroduce the constitutional rule in 1908. This led to a rise of active participation of the military in politics. In 1909 they deposed the sultan and in 1913 seized power in a coup. In 1914 the Ottoman Empire entered World War I on the side of the Central Powers as an ally of the German Empire and subsequently lost the war.
Eduard Maria Oettinger (November 19, 1808 – June 26, 1872) was a German empire bibliographer. He was born November 19, 1808, at Breslau, in Silesia, of Jewish parents. Having studied at the gymnasium of his native place, he went to Vienna, and joined the Roman Catholic Church. After 1829 he edited different periodicals at Berlin, Hamburg, Manheim, and Leipsic, and wrote several dramas, novels, and romances.
Maquet, with its experience in stationery, engraving, and printing, as well as its ties to literary men, quite naturally started to develop exclusive bookplates. The Prince of Hohenlohe, who was the Chancellor of the German Empire from 1894 to 1900, had his bookplate engraved by Maquet, as did André Kostolany, Raoul Warocqué (who ordered no less than 10,000 ex-libris from Maquet), and Thyra Seillière.
This flag refers to the regional coat of arms, which in the silver (i.e. white) field depicts a red half-eagle and a black half-bull under a common crown. The most important colors of the coat of arms are red, black and white. Identical colors, although in a different arrangement of three stripes of equal width, had the historical flag of the German Empire.
In May 1916 he settled in Basel, where he joined the German-exile pacifist community. In his books and newspaper articles he opposed the war and called for an end to the German monarchy. He was accused by the German authorities of writing the book J'Accuse, condemning the actions of the German Empire, which in fact had been written by his fellow pacifist Richard Grelling.
Gertrud Hurler was born in Taberwiese, East Prussia, German Empire (now Taborzec, Poland) on 1 September 1889. She was educated in Königsberg, East Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia), before getting her M.D. degree at the University of Munich. She married Konrad Hurler, a veterinary surgeon, in 1914 and they had a daughter and a son together. Her example inspired her husband to get his own medical certificate.
Hans Kummetz was born on 29 April 1890 in Illowo, then part of the German Empire but now in Poland. His early military career is unknown, including any pilot training or early aviation service.Franks et al 1993, p. 152. However, he became the Staffelführer of one of the German air service's original fighter squadrons, Jagdstaffel 1 soon after its foundation, on 18 November 1916.
Eberspächer was born on 18 November 1915 in Tübingen, at that time part of the Kingdom of Württemberg, a federated state of the German Empire. In 1934 he volunteered for military service in the Reichswehr, and served in an armoured reconnaissance battalion. In parallel to his military service he studied mechanical engineering at the University of Stuttgart. Following his graduation in 1939, he transferred to the Luftwaffe.
Germany began to establish roots in Cameroon in 1868 when the Woermann Company of Hamburg built a warehouse. It was built on the estuary of the Wouri River. Later Gustav Nachtigal made a treaty with one of the local kings to annex the region for the German emperor. The German Empire claimed the territory as the colony of Kamerun in 1884 and began a steady push inland.
Thus Karoline's children with the regent of Lippe, Count Ernest, became dynasts and the Schaumburg-Lippe Prince desisted his formal opposition. The monarchs, courts and legislatures of Germany accepted the decision and her eldest son was immediately recognised as Leopold II, sovereign Prince of Lippe,> reigning until compelled to abdicate in 1918 when the German Empire collapsed following the loss of World War I.
Recent historians have resurrected that rumor based on the apparent credence given to this conspiracy theory by the then Prime Minister of Italy, Giovanni Giolitti. Others regard it as anecdotal. In any event, the case against Maria Sophia is circumstantial. During World War I, Maria Sophie was actively on the side of the German Empire and Austria-Hungary in their war with the Kingdom of Italy.
From 1894 to 1922, Oskar Bie was the editor. In 1904 he succeeded in renaming it Die neue Rundschau. The magazine became one of the most important forums for modern literature and essay writing in the German Empire and the Weimar Republic. Due to the link to the S. Fischer-Verlag, the publisher's major writers were able to publish their works in first prints.
As its logo, the foundation used an East German flag with the Communist coat of arms cut out.Information pamphlet by the Foundation for the Reappraisal of the SED Dictatorship. Retrieved on 9 March 2008. The old black-white-red tricolour of the German Empire is still used by monarchists and those members of German royalty who long for the peaceful reintroduction of a German democratic monarchy.
Holstein at the Foreign Office, 1906 Friedrich August Karl Ferdinand Julius von Holstein (April 24, 1837 – May 8, 1909) Brockhaus Geschichte Second Edition was a civil servant of the German Empire and served as the head of the political department of the German Foreign Office for more than thirty years. He played a major role in shaping foreign policy after Bismarck was dismissed in 1890.
Margarete Neumann was born in Pyritz, Pomerania, German Empire. She studied at the social educational seminar in Königsberg and worked until 1945 as a welfare worker in Heilsberg. After being expelled from Poland to Germany in 1945, she was a farmer in Mecklenburg and a welder in Halle (Saale). Since 1952 she lived as a freelance writer in Hohen Neuendorf then in Neubrandenburg after 1961.
Railway network of Namibia Simplon (Namibia) (Between Sandverhaar and Goageb) Rail service in Namibia is provided by TransNamib. Namibias rail network consists of 2,687 route-km of tracks (2017). Namibia has a history of more than 100 years of railway service. During the colonialisation by the German Empire between 1894 and 1915, a number of railways were built, of which some are still in service today.
Herget was born on 30 June 1910 in Stuttgart in the Kingdom of Württemberg of the German Empire, the son of a printer. After graduation from school, he learned the trade of printing and completed his Meister (master craftsman) training. Herget also served in the Sturmabteilung (SA) as Rottenführer (section leader). In parallel, he served in the military reserve force with an Aufklärungsgruppe (aerial reconnaissance group).
Ruckdeschel was born in Bayreuth, then part of the Kingdom of Bavaria within the German Empire in 1907. After finishing his education he became a merchant. Ruckdeschel joined a nationalist youth organisation in 1921 and the SA in 1923. He was a founding member of the Ortsgruppe (local branch) of the Nazi Party in Bayreuth in February 1925 and became a close protégé of Ortsgruppenleiter Hans Schemm.

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