Even if the general meaning is preserved, specific idioms and grammatical structures get lost in translation.
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Acting Defense Secretary Patrick Shanahan didn't commit a major ethics violation, according to the Pentagon's inspector general — meaning his chances of becoming the permanent defense chief just grew.
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He joined the Justice Department in June 2005 as the principal deputy associate attorney general, meaning he was the top aide to the No. 3 official in the department.
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First, Jeff Sessions, one of the legislation's leading opponents on the Judiciary Committee, is expected to be the next attorney general, meaning it will face less resistance in the Senate.
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I recognize the rhythms of the joke, and can tease out the general meaning with the help of context, but as a nondrummer, this joke is not intended for me.
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But it has a more general meaning: "It symbolizes a darkness, a sickness, whose only intention is to sow dysfunction and loss of life in our communities," said Dallas Goldtooth, an I.E.N. organizer who worked with Charger and other One Mind members.
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The only difference between the calculator and the kind of superintelligence discussed in my article is that the former is "narrow" whereas the latter is "general," meaning that the latter can solve problems in a wide variety of different domains, whereas the former is limited to math.
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The entries are in Bible order, and the reveal refers to the more general meaning of Gospel, "the message concerning Jesus and salvation," not the specific sense of Gospel, one of the first four books of the New Testament, which is the meaning in the other theme entries.
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If you're tired of your current Instant Pot and feel like the limited features are squashing your recipe creativity, the Max's versatility can seriously widen your horizons — plus, this means you're already familiar with how Instant Pots work in general, meaning the teched-out Max won't be intimidating.
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"I think that around 50 percent of academic requesters try to pay fairly, which is more than the requester pool in general; meaning a higher percentage of academic requesters care about paying fairly compared to requesters who aren't posting surveys," reddit user auralgasm told me, who said he works on MTurk full time.
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"I think that around 50 percent of academic requesters try to pay fairly, which is more than the requester pool in general; meaning a higher percentage of academic requesters care about paying fairly compared to requesters who aren't posting surveys," Reddit user auralgasm, who said he works on MTurk full time, told me for a previous article.
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Trigger list in its most general meaning refers to a list whose items are used to initiate ("trigger") certain actions.
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Outside of political terminology, both words have very similar general meaning ("region" or "area" in English) and can often be used interchangeably.
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Center: pairs of points on the surface of a sphere. Right: pairs of points on two planes in general (meaning any) position.
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Gesamtbedeutung (German for "general meaning", ), in linguistics, is the general meaning of the various uses of a morphological element. The Gesamtbedeutung of a language's past tense, for instance, might be conceived as "distance from the present". This meaning might later be generalized to refer to events both temporally distant (e.g. the box was empty) as well as separated in terms of reality or likelihood (e.g.
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Its cumulative distribution function is continuous everywhere but horizontal almost everywhere, so is sometimes referred to as the Devil's staircase, although that term has a more general meaning.
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An alternative Chinese term is ketou; however, the meaning is somewhat altered: kou () has the general meaning of knock, whereas ke () has the general meaning of "touch upon (a surface)", tou () meaning head. The date of this custom's origin is probably sometime between the Spring and Autumn period, or the Warring States period of China's history because it was a custom by the time of the Qin dynasty (221 BC – 206 BC).
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The general meaning of the word flush is fullness or abundance, as there are similar meaning words in Dutch, French, Italian and Spanish. The words origin is 'fluxus' in Latin, which means 'flow'.
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Often (as in the previous example), the nanori reading is related to the general meaning of the kanji, as it is frequently an old fashioned way to read the character that has since fallen into disuse.
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In most technical contexts, SOA is widely assumed to imply the provision and interconnection of technical services. Although a fashionable buzzword for ITIL to have incorporated, they do not use the term according to its general meaning.
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The use of "Codebase" here is in its Java-specific meaning, to refer to a list of URLs where the object code can be loaded from, rather than in the more general meaning of codebase which refers to source code.
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The term also appears in Canto XII of the little-known epic The Purple Island by seventeenth-century poet and rector Phineas Fletcher, apparently in the general meaning of enemies.The Poems of Phineas Fletcher. Google Books. Retrieved 2008-03-01.
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The Cairo Experiment — It Takes a Village. Accessed August 23, 2008. However, these areas are quite distinguishable as the word "Shoubra" has come to include only a general meaning and does not fully describe all of these regions in a literal sense.
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The second is the term "superior courts". This term also has two different meanings, one general and one specific. The general meaning is that a superior court is a court of inherent jurisdiction. Historically, they are the descendants of the royal superior courts in England.
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Certain classifier constructions may also, over time, lose their general meaning and become fully-fledged signs. This process is referred to as lexicalization. These types of signs are referred to as frozen signs. For example, the ASL sign FALL seems to have come from a classifier construction.
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Ambiguity is the “A” component of VUCA. This refers to when the general meaning of something is unclear even when an appropriate amount of information is provided. Many get confused about the meaning of ambiguity. It is similar to the idea of uncertainty but they have different factors.
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The word "magisterium" is derived from Latin magister, which means "teacher" in ecclesiastical Latin. (It originally had a more general meaning, and could designate president, chief, director, superintendent, etc., and was only rarely a tutor or instructor of youth.Lewis and Short) The noun magisterium refers to the office of a magister.
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The fjard of Somes Sound, Maine, USA. A fjard (, ) is a large open space of water between groups of islands or mainland in archipelagos. Fjards can be found along sea coasts, in freshwater lakes or rivers. Fjard and Fjord are originally the same word with the general meaning of sailable waterway.
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The Franconian Saale is mentioned for the first time in the year 777 under the names Salu and Sala in a register from the town of Fulda. These terms both have the general meaning of "flowing waters" and had already been documented by the Greek geographer, Strabo (ca. 63 ..–.. 23).
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Zaki Naguib Mahmoud's thought can be divided into two or three phases, according to the measure we use to approach and evaluate it. In the general meaning of the term 'thought' it is evident according to his own writings as well as other scholars that he passed through three phases of thinking.
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The general meaning of pluralism is the coexistence, generally peaceful, of different religions, worldviews, and value systems within the same society. Berger believes pluralism exists in two ways. The first being that many religions and worldviews coexist in the same society. The second is the coexistence of the secular discourse with all these religious discourses.
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Commonly used for the same thing as in English in Quebec. ; arrêt à bon temps: A counterattack that attempts to take advantage of an uncertain attack in fencing. Though grammatically correct, this expression is not used in French. The term arrêt exists in fencing, with the meaning of a "simple counteroffensive action"; the general meaning is "a stop".
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The general meaning of the term cariye was a woman enslaved during warfare. This remained the formal definition of the term in the Islamic world. The rights of the enslaved woman was regulated within Islamic law. The enslavement of women was permitted only during warfare of a war deemed "just"; that is, a war against non-Muslims.
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Apicomplexans (sporozoans) replicate via ways of multiple fission (also known as schizogony). These ways include ', ' and ', although the latter is sometimes referred to as schizogony, despite its general meaning. Merogony is an asexually reproductive process of apicomplexa. After infecting a host cell, a trophozoite (see glossary below) increases in size while repeatedly replicating its nucleus and other organelles.
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The word Choha means a water spring and Khalsa is related to the Sikh movement. Khalsa is a strict Sikh religious order founded in 1699 by Guru Gobind Singh. the term Khalsa is an Arabic word. There are various interpretations to the term Khalsa, one of the general meaning of the term is free from impurities or pure.
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The word "Jorabs" originates from Arabic جورب (jourab) which has a general meaning of “socks”. Other known variants of the term: “çorap” (Turkish), “чорап” (Bulgarian, Macedonian) “čarape” (Serbian), “corab” (Azerbaijani), “čarapa” (Bosnian), and “Ҷӯроб” (Tajik). The same concept is also known by such local terms as “kyulyutar” in Lezgin, “tturs” in Tsakhur, and “unq’al” in Avar languages of Dagestan.
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The musicological definition of the term parody has now generally been supplanted by a more general meaning of the word. In its more contemporary usage, musical parody usually has humorous, even satirical intent, in which familiar musical ideas or lyrics are lifted into a different, often incongruous, context.Burkholder, J. Peter. "Borrowing", Grove Music Online, Oxford Music Online, accessed 19 February.
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The hymn was combined in hymnals with the hymn tune "Dix". It was first used as a communion hymn, but soon became a favourite for the Thanksgiving season. Rutter, as others before him, changed the refrain to addressing "God of all", giving it a more general meaning of thanks and praise for the Creation. Rutter composed the anthem in 1978.
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The entire phrase actually includes both a positive and a negative expression: תפסת מרובה לא תפסת, תפסת מועט תפסת - "If you have seized a lot, you have not seized; if you have seized a little, you have seized." The general meaning is that an over-ambitious claim defeats itself: the intended analogy is to one who grabs more than he can hold.
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In physics, Faddeev–Popov ghosts (also called Faddeev–Popov gauge ghosts or Faddeev–Popov ghost fields) are extraneous fields which are introduced into gauge quantum field theories to maintain the consistency of the path integral formulation. They are named after Ludvig Faddeev and Victor Popov. A more general meaning of the word ghost in theoretical physics is discussed in Ghost (physics).
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King John's refusal to adhere to this charter led to civil war (see First Barons' War). The Great Council evolved into the Parliament of England. The term (French parlement or Latin parlamentum) came into use during the early 13th century, when it shifted from the more general meaning of "an occasion for speaking." It first appears in official documents in the 1230s.
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Scholars of classical Western rhetoric have divided figures of speech into two main categories: schemes and tropes. Schemes (from the Greek , 'form or shape') are figures of speech that change the ordinary or expected pattern of words. For example, the phrase, "John, my best friend" uses the scheme known as apposition. Tropes (from Greek , 'to turn') change the general meaning of words.
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The term "seed" also has a general meaning that antedates the above – anything that can be sown, e.g. "seed" potatoes, "seeds" of corn or sunflower "seeds". In the case of sunflower and corn "seeds", what is sown is the seed enclosed in a shell or husk, whereas the potato is a tuber. Many structures commonly referred to as "seeds" are actually dry fruits.
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Individual words carry a general meaning (root concept); nuances are expressed by other words. Finally, in analytic languages context and syntax are more important than morphology. Analytic languages include some of the major East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and Vietnamese. Note that the ideographic writing systems of these languages play a strong role in regimenting linguistic continuity according to an analytic, or isolating, morphology (cf. orthography).
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Liddell and Scott's Greek–English Lexicon gives the basic meaning of as "crook-beaked" from which a general meaning of "curved" is supposed to have derived.Liddell-Scott 1996: 983 s.v. ii. 2. concurs and derives the word from (), "crow", assigning the meaning of the epithet's use in reference to the textual symbol to the same semantic range of "curve".P. Chantraine 1968: 570 s.v. .
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The first is the term "provincial court", which has two quite different meanings, depending on context. The first, and most general meaning, is that a provincial court is a court established by the Legislature of a province, under its constitutional authority over the Administration of Justice in the Province, set out in s. 92(14) of the Constitution Act, 1867.Constitution Act, 1867, s.
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The term singularity for an explanation of unstable systems was first, and in a most general meaning used in 1873 by James Clerk Maxwell. Maxwell does not differentiate between dynamical systems and social systems. Therefore, a singularity refers to a context in which a small change can cause a large effect. The existence of singularities is primarily an argument against determinism and absolute causality for Maxwell.
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The text of the song was slightly changed but the general meaning and even phraseology were kept. Only the refrain is kept intact word for word. Another striking difference is that the whole song is sung by Louane, whereas in the original, Sardou spoke the lyrics and only sings the refrain. Several other songs of Sardou are also used in the soundtrack for the film.
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The name Yamachiche was first used to identify the Little Yamachiche River (Petite rivière Yamachiche) which runs through the town. It came from the Native American (possibly Cree) words iyamitaw (meaning "much") and achichki (meaning "mud"). Therefore Yamachiche could have the general meaning of "muddy river", which is a characteristic of this stream. In Abenaki, it was identified as Namasis (small fish) and Obamasis (small white fish).
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Ma jeunesse fout le camp… is a studio album by the French popular singer Françoise Hardy. Released in France in November 1967, on LP, Production Asparagus/Disques Vogue/Vogue international industries (CLD 720). The title is very idiomatic, but it in English its general meaning is 'My youth is slipping away'. This album was the first produced by Hardy's own production company, Asparagus Productions.
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In some variants, a rushing player will run around more than one rushing teammate. Because of the exchange of roles, a stunt is sometimes called a "trade"; blockers of the offensive team may engage in similar "trades". The defensive players involved are said to be stunting or trading, or sometimes to "have a game on". The name "stunt" presumably derives from its more general meaning of a showy trick.
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At one point in the legend, a group of oni disguised as a dengaku (field music) troupe emerge to entertain the warriors. A fierce stare wards them off. The general meaning of dengaku “refers to all rituals related to agriculture and thus to fertility and regeneration”. It could be simply described as a form of dance in which some people play musical instruments while dancing in various combinations.
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The general meaning of the word Balkandji (spelled Балканджи in Bulgarian) is “a man of the Balkans”. As the Stara Planina mountain range used to be called “The Balkan” in Bulgaria, it also means “a man from the mountains”, mainly referring to the revolutionaries and people who were hiding in Stara Planina while Bulgaria was under the rule of the Ottoman Empire, hence a brave and patriotic young man.
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After viewing Lynch's cut, however, television executives rejected it. Lynch then provided an ending to the project, making it a feature film. The half-pilot, half-feature result, along with Lynch's characteristic style, has left the general meaning of the film's events open to interpretation. Lynch has declined to offer an explanation of his intentions for the narrative, leaving audiences, critics, and cast members to speculate on what transpires.
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The origin of the Maghrebi Arabic term qsar is qaṣar () in Standard Arabic, which means "castle" or "palace"; this term is also found elsewhere in the Muslim world. See, for example, the Iberian alcázar. The Berber (Amazigh) original word for "ksar" used in North Africa by the Berber-speaking populations is aghrem (singular) or igherman (plural). In the Maghreb, the term has a more general meaning of "fortified village," or "fort".
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To counter this, G. K. Beale sought to develop a system that distinguished 'clear', 'probable', and 'possible' allusions. A clear allusion is one with almost the same wording as its source, the same general meaning, and which could not reasonably have been drawn from elsewhere. A probable allusion contains an idea which is uniquely traceable to its source. Possible allusions are described as mere echoes of their putative sources.
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Now that she was married, she was welcomed into the world of adult women. It was after the birth of her first child that she had her belly scarred and again after each subsequent birth. Tukkupurlaitya: As a general rule, a woman who had only given birth to two children was only allowed limited access to secret knowledge. She did gain stories and ceremonies but learned only their general meaning and nature.
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"Power-up" and "1-up" are examples of a common form of wasei-eigo (Japanese pseudo-Anglicisms), in which the word "up" is prefixed by some desirable quality. The general meaning of X-up in Japanese is "this will increase your X", and this construction is regularly used in areas such as advertising. This is similar to another phrase, X get!, as seen in Super Mario Sunshine's Japanese version's "Shine Get!" phrase.
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He later also granted permission for it to be used as the academic dress of the Royal Pages School (Vajiravudh College) in 1913 and Siam's Bar Association in 1915. It was adopted as the academic dress for graduates of Chulalongkorn University in 1930. Since 1967, some other universities have also adopted the khrui as their academic regalia, and the term khrui has acquired the more general meaning of any style of academic or court dress.
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However, in the Low Countries (and other parts of continental Europe), only the head of most noble families carries a title, inheritance being by male lineage. As a result, most of the nobility is untitled in the Netherlands. "Jonkheer", or its female equivalent "jonkvrouw", developed therefore quite early into a different but general meaning: an honorific to show that someone does belong to the nobility but does not possess a title. The abbreviation jhr.
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The purpose of a stook [or 'stooking'] is to dry the unthreshed grain while protecting it from vermin until it is brought into long-term storage. The unthreshed grain also cures while in a stook. In England, sheaves were commonly stacked in stooks of twelve and may therefore refer to twelve sheaves. Stook may also have a general meaning of 'bundle' or 'heap' and applicable to items other than sheaves or bales.
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Suruhånu or Suruhåna are people who function as herbal healers in some Pacific Island cultures. Such people exist on the island of Guam and are a result of Pre-colonial times where people known as makahna were believed to mediate between the physical and spiritual worlds.Culture of Guam - History and ethnic relations, Urbanism, architecture, and the use of space It comes from the Spanish word cirujano or "surgeon", here taking the general meaning of healer.
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The complete text, together with a translation into Latin, was published in London in 1863 by Francis Newman and 1931 in a book by Albrecht von Blumenthal. They were translated into English and published by James W. Poultney in 1959. Although the general meaning of the tablets is clear, there are still many obscure and debated points and issues. The main difficulty in understanding the text is the insufficient knowledge of the Umbrian vocabulary.
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An online version of the tenth edition can be accessed through the paid Westlaw legal information service. The second edition of Black's Law Dictionary (1910) is now in the public domain and is available online for free (see External Links below). However, the general applicability of this online version is limited due to its age. It still applies for legal theory terms, and many basic legal terms with respect to their general meaning.
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The number next to each box indicates the degree of relationship relative to the given person. The English word incest is derived from the Latin incestus, which has a general meaning of "impure, unchaste". It was introduced into Middle English, both in the generic Latin sense (preserved throughout the Middle English periodOED Ancrene Riwle (c. 1225) has Incest‥is bituȝe sibbe fleschliche, where either the generic or the narrow sense may be intended.
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The word ' derives from the triconsonantal Semitic root د-ر-س D-R-S 'to learn, study', using the wazn (morphological form or template) ; , meaning "a place where something is done". Thus, ' literally means "a place where learning and studying take place" or "place of study". The word is also present as a loanword with the same general meaning in many Arabic-influenced languages, such as: Urdu, Bengali, Pashto, Baluchi, Persian, Turkish, Azeri, Kurdish, Indonesian, Somali and Bosnian.
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There is also a claim about an earlier Bulgar Turkic origin of the word popular in Bulgaria, however it is only an unscholarly assertion. The word was used by the Ottomans in Rumelia in its general meaning of mountain, as in Kod̲j̲a-Balkan, Čatal-Balkan, and Ungurus-Balkani̊, but especially it was applied to the Haemus mountain.Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Editors: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill Online Reference Works.
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Shibai (pronounced like: "she buy," with a slight vocal inflection on the second syllable) is a popular term commonly used in the state of Hawaii. Its general meaning refers to someone who is viewed as being "pretentious" or overtly "hypocritical." The term is used mostly regarding social interactions. It can be heard being used in reference to the political system in general, or applied to political actions, policies, even individual politicians that are deemed untrustworthy, shady or disingenuous.
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New Haven: Yale University Press 2004. In Brazil, the word pardo has had a general meaning, since the beginning of the colonization. In the famous letter by Pêro Vaz de Caminha, for example, in which Brazil was first described by the Portuguese, the Indigenous Americans were called "pardo": "Pardo, naked, without clothing". The word has ever since been used to cover African/European mixes, South Asian/European mixes, Amerindian/European/South Asian/African mixes and Indigenous Americans themselves.
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Youbian dubian (), or dubanbian (), is a rule of thumb people use to pronounce a Chinese character when they do not know its exact pronunciation. A longer version is (yǒu biān dú biān, méi biān dú zhōngjiān lit. "read the side if any; read the middle part if there is no side"). Around 90% of Chinese characters are phono-semantic compounds that consist of two parts: a semantic part (often the radical) that suggests a general meaning (e.g.
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Some words from Old French have been imported again from Middle French or Modern French, but have generally taken a more restrictive or specialised meaning the second time. Consider for instance these doublets : chief / chef, luminary / luminaire, liquor / liqueur, castle / château, hostel / hotel, mask / masque, necessary / nécessaire, petty / petit, ticket / etiquette, troop / troupe, vanguard / avant-garde. Note that the word in French has kept the general meaning: e.g. château in French means "castle" and chef means "chief".
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Caitya, Encyclopaedia Britannica Jan Gonda and other scholars state the meaning of caitya in Hindu texts varies with context and has the general meaning of any "holy place, place of worship", a "memorial", or as signifying any "sanctuary" for human beings, particularly in the Grhya sutras. According to Robert E. Buswell and Donald S. Lopez, both professors of Buddhist Studies, the term caitya in Sanskrit connotes a "tumulus, sanctuary or shrine", both in Buddhist and non-Buddhist contexts.
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They backed National Front and in 1951, joined socialist Toilers Party of the Iranian Nation, led by Mozzafar Baghai. Third Force split from the party in October 1952, after they positioned against Government of Mosaddegh. According to leader Khalil Maleki, the group functioned through two basic principles, being a "Third Force in general", meaning to pursue an independent path from Western and Eastern blocs; and a "Third Force in particular", i.e. application of the third way in local circumstances.
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In medieval Sweden, the lagman ("lawspeaker") was the judge, or person learned in law, for a province, an area with several local district courts. Since the position corresponds to the general meaning of "justiciar", "justiciar" is often used to translate "lagman" in English texts. Lagmän (plural) were generally also members of the Senate of the realm, an institution corresponding to the English Privy Council. Finally, the Swedish term "riksdrots" is often translated as "Lord High Justiciar of Sweden".
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For example, 'rest' is composed of the characters for 'person' () and 'tree' (), with the intended idea of someone leaning against a tree, i.e. resting. # Radical- phonetic compounds, in which one component (the radical) indicates the general meaning of the character, and the other (the phonetic) hints at the pronunciation. An example is (liáng), where the phonetic liáng indicates the pronunciation of the character and the radical ('wood') indicates its meaning of 'supporting beam'. Characters of this type constitute around 90% of Chinese logograms.
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In the Quran, words that are derived from the root ṣ-b-r occur frequently, with the general meaning of persisting on the right path when under adverse circumstance, whether internal or external, personal or collective. For example, Muhammad is told to be patient like the Apostles of God before him (); (). The Qur'an promises those who face difficulty and yet persist on the right path, a double reward ( ). The concept is also in jihad, () where it is translated as "endurance" or "tenacity".
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The term troupial is from French troupiale, from troupe (“troop”), so named because they live in flocks. The Latin name icterus is from Greek ἴκτερος (íkteros, “jaundice”); the icterus was a bird the sight of which was believed to cure jaundice, perhaps the Eurasian golden oriole.ictĕrus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press. It also had the more general meaning "yellow bird", which is why the name was later given to this South American bird.
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Screenplay authors Ryazanov and Gorin were surprised - "Soviet power" that toppled down "damned tsarism" in 1917, in 1979 struggled to protect one of the most hideous manifestations of "tsar's power" - "political police" represented in the movie by Gendarmes. Despite all his attempts to change the decision of TV authorities, Ryazanov could not do anything. Then Ryazanov and Gorin made a decision to rewrite the script. The general meaning of the film was immediately distorted, the story developed numerous inconsistencies and logical absurdities.
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This construction technique is similar to timber framing infilled with planks known by many names including post-and-plank. The upper walls are half timbered in a Germanic style with brick nog and wattle and daub infill. Half timbered buildings in America are relatively rare, generally found in some areas settled by German immigrants. The roof structure is framed with a Germanic type of truss called a liegender stuhl directly translated as a "lying chair" where chair has the general meaning of support.
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In quantum mechanics, and in particular in atomic and molecular physics, within the Hartree–Fock theory, the atomic and molecular orbitals can be defined by the eigenvectors of the Fock operator. The corresponding eigenvalues are interpreted as ionization potentials via Koopmans' theorem. In this case, the term eigenvector is used in a somewhat more general meaning, since the Fock operator is explicitly dependent on the orbitals and their eigenvalues. Thus, if one wants to underline this aspect, one speaks of nonlinear eigenvalue problems.
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The term troupial is from French troupiale, from troupe (“troop”), so named because they live in flocks. The Latin name icterus is from Greek ἴκτερος (íkteros, “jaundice”); the icterus was a bird the sight of which was believed to cure jaundice, perhaps the Eurasian golden oriole.ictĕrus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press. It also had the more general meaning "yellow bird", which is why the name was later given to this South American bird.
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In sum, TMT theorists believe that MMM cannot accurately claim to be an alternative to TMT because it does not seem to be able to explain the current breadth of TMT evidence. As an example, TMT theorists assert that mortality salience would not be a threat to meaning, since our eventual demise is a necessary condition of life. Therefore, it should not cause an individual to engage in general meaning maintenance. MMM also makes no attempt to explain why threatening meaning increases DTA.
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Bread prepared from mixed grains was introduced to Great Britain around 3700 BC. Many terms for batched bread have came into Britain throughout history with many widening and narrowing in meaning. Cake as a word narrowed to Sweeter and wetter batters while suffixes kept a general meaning. See also, cake (cake-ie equals cookie) and bread (shortbread and gingerbread) as a suffixes for biscuits). Terms also developed alternative meanings in separate parts of the islands of Great Britain and Ireland.
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The term troupial is from French troupiale, from troupe (“troop”), so named because they live in flocks. The Latin name icterus is from Greek ἴκτερος (íkteros, “jaundice”); the icterus was a bird the sight of which was believed to cure jaundice, perhaps the Eurasian golden oriole.ictĕrus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press. It also had the more general meaning "yellow bird", which is why the name was later given to this and other New World orioles.
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However, this "broad specialization" approach has not been universally adopted. In some locales, a clear distinction is made between the terms 'forensic document examiner' and a 'forensic handwriting expert/examiner'. In such cases, the former term refers to examiners who focus on non-handwriting examination types while the latter refers to those trained exclusively to do handwriting examinations. Even in places where the more general meaning is common, such as North America or Australia, there are many individuals who have specialized training only in relatively limited areas.
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Uthman (also spelled Othman, ʿuthmān) is a male Arabic given nameOrigin of the name USMAN Names with the general meaning of “wise, most powerful, intuitive” and it is popular as a male given name among Muslims. It is also transliterated as Osman or Usman, in Persian, Bosnian, Turkish, Urdu and in some Arabic dialects, as there is either no /θ/ sound or the character ⟨ﺙ⟩ is pronounced differently in those languages. It is also used as surname. It is also a less common name of German origins.
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"One Monkey Don't Stop No Show" is the title of several different songs, mostly in the R&B; genre, deriving from a common African-American phrase with the general meaning of "one setback should not impede progress". Matt Rector, "Yeah, But Do You Know What That Song Is Actually About? #1: One Monkey Don't Stop No Show", Old School Record Review, January 21, 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2016 The first known recording with this title was by Stick McGhee and His Buddies in 1950.
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The general meaning of asiento (from the Spanish verb sentar, to sit, which was derived from the Latin sedere) in Spanish is "consent" or "settlement, establishment". In a commercial context it means "contract, trading agreement". In the words of Georges Scelle, it was "a term in Spanish public law which designates every contract made for the purpose of public utility...between the Spanish government and private individuals."Postma, Johannes, The Dutch in the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1600-1815 (Cambridge University Press, 1990), p. 29.
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The biblical term "proselyte" is an anglicization of the Koine Greek term προσήλυτος (proselytos), as used in the Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) for "stranger", i.e. a "newcomer to Israel"; a "sojourner in the land",; ; and in the Greek New Testament for a first-century convert to Judaism, generally from Ancient Greek religion. It is a translation of the Biblical Hebrew phrase גר תושב (ger toshav). "Proselyte" also has the more general meaning in English of a new convert to any particular religion or doctrine.
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The latin proverb on a hospital library door in Germany Verba volant, scripta manent is a Latin proverb. Literally translated, it means "spoken words fly away, written words remain". This apparently much older anonymous proverb seems to have been quoted in a speech of the Emperor Titus to the Roman Senate; the general meaning is that spoken words might easily be forgotten but written documents can always be relied on for conclusive proof. The legal meaning could be an extension of the usage of the old proverb.
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He argues every organism has an outer boundary which defines an Umwelt (German word generally meaning 'environment', 'surrounding world'). Rather than the general meaning, Uexküll's concept draws on the literal meaning of the German word, which is 'surround-world', to define the Umwelt as the subjectively perceived surroundings about which information is available to an organism through its senses.Chien, 2007, p. 67. This is a subjective weltanschauung, or "world view", and is therefore fundamentally different from the black box concept, which is derived from the objective Newtonian viewpoint.
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In medieval Romance languages, variations of the Latin word for the Moors (for instance, Italian and Spanish: moro, French: maure, Portuguese: mouro, Romanian: maur) developed different applications and connotations. The term initially denoted a specific Berber people in western Libya, but the name acquired more general meaning during the medieval period, associated with "Muslim", similar to associations with "Saracens". During the context of the Crusades and the Reconquista, the term Moors included the derogatory suggestion of "infidels". Apart from these historic associations and context, Moor and Moorish designate a specific ethnic group speaking Hassaniya Arabic.
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Sometimes the notion of "technological revolution" is used for the Second Industrial Revolution in the period about 1900, but in this case, the designation "technical revolution" would be more proper. When the notion of technical revolution is used in more general meaning it is almost identical with the technological revolution, but the technological revolution requires material changes in used tools, machines, energy sources, production processes. Technical revolution can be restricted to changes in management, organisation and so-called non-material technologies (e.g. a progress in mathematics or accounting).
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Kinah, ḳinahJewish Encyclopedia, ḲINAH (plural, ḳinot), accessed 10 February 2019 or qinah (plural kinoth, qinot, qinoth) is Hebrew for a dirge or lamentation. Its general meaning is a dirge or lament, especially as sung by Jewish professional mourning women. Specifically, it can refer to one of the many Hebrew elegies chanted traditionally on Tisha B'Av. The Jerusalem Bible refers to Isaiah 47 as a qinah or "lament for Babylon",Jerusalem Bible (1966), sub-title to Isaiah 47 and to Ezekiel 19 as a qinah or lamentation over the rules of Israel.
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St Andrews Links, Fife, Scotland A links is the oldest style of golf course, first developed in Scotland. The word "links" comes via the Scots language from the Old English word hlinc: "rising ground, ridge" and refers to an area of coastal sand dunes and sometimes to open parkland. It can be treated as singular even though it has an "s" at the end and occurs in place names that precede the development of golf, for example Lundin Links in Fife. It also retains this more general meaning in standard Scottish English.
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Samak argued that he had not been paid for hosting two cookery shows in question, Tasting and Grumbling and All Set at 6 am, and could not be regarded as an employee under the Civil and Commercial Code or the law on labour. The court decided that the term "employee" in the constitution conveys a general meaning. As the RID 1999 defines an "employee" as "a person who agrees to work for another person, irrespective of how he is called", the court found Samak guilty and terminated his ministership, removing him from office in consequence.
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The term pride or sometimes gay pride expresses the LGBT community's identity and collective strength; pride parades provide both a prime example of the use and a demonstration of the general meaning of the term. The LGBT community is diverse in political affiliation. Not all people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender consider themselves part of the LGBT community. Groups that may be considered part of the LGBT community include gay villages, LGBT rights organizations, LGBT employee groups at companies, LGBT student groups in schools and universities, and LGBT-affirming religious groups.
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Soon afterward, it took on a general meaning. From 1945 to 1950, the Allied powers detained over 400,000 Germans in internment camps in extrajudicial fashion in the name of denazification. In late 1945 and early 1946, the emergence of the Cold War, the economic importance of Germany and a lack of Allied manpower to run the denazification effort caused the western powers and the United States in particular to lose interest in the program. The British handed over denazification panels to the Germans in January 1946, while the Americans did likewise in March 1946.
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But they did recognize the phrase rags and jags, which was understood to mean remnants or shreds of clothing. Also see Note that the Holloway dictionary does recognize jag as a word, but not one that relates to clothing (see page 89). On the other hand, one dictionary corroborates the general meaning of rags and jags, but also states that jags could be used by itself to signify a tattered garment. See And the Scottish dialect used the word to mean calf leather, but also to mean things made from that leather, including boots.
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Not least, cell phones can be compromised in general, meaning the phone is no longer something only the user has. The major drawback of authentication including something the user possesses is that the user must carry around the physical token (the USB stick, the bank card, the key or similar), practically at all times. Loss and theft are risks. Many organizations forbid carrying USB and electronic devices in or out of premises owing to malware and data theft- risks, and most important machines do not have USB ports for the same reason.
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The patch is often seen as being as important to gang members as a military flag is to members of an army group, and any insult to the patch is taken as being an insult to the gang as a whole. As such, the term has a more general meaning. Being a "patched" member of a gang is to be a fully initiated member of the gang - and often a ranking member of the gang's structure. The physical patches are highly valued and have been used with some success in negotiations.
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"A Section of Philosophy of Derrida": A new documentary by Ferhat Atik. Jacques Derrida was a French linguist and one of the most difficult philosophers of the last century and his field of philosophy became the subject of Ferhat Atik's documentary. The documentary, which includes evaluations and images of Derrida, examines the field of Derrida philosophy in its general meaning. "Cyprus Turkish Educational Documentary": A documentary covering a period of 500 years, explains the land's education adventure, starting from the pre-Ottoman period to the present day, with the doyens of education.
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By the 18th century gown had become a standard category term for a women's dress, a meaning it retained until the mid-20th century. Only in the last few decades has gown lost this general meaning in favor of dress. Today the term gown is rare except in specialized cases: academic dress or cap and gown, evening gown, nightgown, hospital gown, and so on (see Gown). Shirt and skirt are originally the same word, the former being the southern and the latter the northern pronunciation in early Middle English.
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To handle this input, AutoTutor uses computational linguistics algorithms including latent semantic analysis, regular expression matching, and speech act classifiers. These complementary techniques focus on the general meaning of the input, precise phrasing or keywords, and functional purpose of the expression, respectively. In addition to natural language input, AutoTutor can also accept ad-hoc events such as mouse clicks, learner emotions inferred from emotion sensors, and estimates of prior knowledge from a student model. Based on these inputs, the computer tutor (or tutors) determine when to reply and what speech acts to reply with.
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Hooah is a battle cry used by soldiers in the U.S. Army, airmen in the U.S. Air Force, and space professionals in the U.S. Space Force. Originally spelled "Hough", the battle cry was first used by members of the 2nd Cavalry Regiment during the Second Seminole War in 1841, after Seminole chief Coacoochee toasted officers of the regiment with a loud "Hough!", apparently a corruption of "How d'ye do!"" Since WWII, the word has been widely used throughout the US Army and gained a more general meaning of "anything and everything except 'no'.
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"L'amore esiste" was written and composed by Fortunato Zampaglione. Michele Canova, who produced the single, also contributed composing the track's music. The song is an electropop ballad, in which Michielin lists a series of faint hints suggesting that love exists, concluding that the only thorough definition of love is "you", the man to which it is dedicated. However, Michielin revealed in an interview that the song also has a general meaning, claiming that "it is a hymn to love, which expresses itself both in its singularity and plurality".
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The Sorbonne, Paris, in a 17th-century engraving The historic University of Paris (), second oldest university in continuous operation, appeared in the second half of the 12th century and grew up around the Notre Dame Cathedral. The medieval Latin term universitas actually had the more general meaning of a guild, and the university of Paris was known as a universitas magistrorum et scholarium (a guild of masters and scholars). The university had four Faculties: Arts, Medicine, Law, and Theology. The ancient university disappeared with ancient France under the Revolution.
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In most armies use of the word "soldier" has taken on a more general meaning due to the increasing specialization of military occupations that require different areas of knowledge and skill-sets. As a result, "soldiers" are referred to by names or ranks which reflect an individual's military occupation specialty arm, service, or branch of military employment, their type of unit, or operational employment or technical use such as: trooper, tanker (a member of tank crew), commando, dragoon, infantryman, artilleryman, paratrooper, grenadier, ranger, sniper, engineer, sapper, craftsman, signaller, medic, or a gunner.
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The Dance Hall at Toledo Beach in Michigan, 1906 Dance hall in its general meaning is a hall for dancing. From the earliest years of the twentieth century until the early 1960s, the dance hall was the popular forerunner of the discothèque or nightclub. The majority of towns and cities in the West had at least one dance hall, and almost always featured live musicians playing a range of music from strict tempo ballroom dance music to big band, swing and jazz. One of the most famous dance hall musicians was Glenn Miller.
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It is first seen that the above restrictions may be removed, and still the above equation holds. But the antecedent is still too narrow; the true scientific problem consists in specifying the meaning of the symbols, which, and only which, will admit of the forms being equal. It is not to find "some meanings", but the "most general meaning", which allows the equivalence to be true. Let us examine some other cases; we shall find that Peacock's principle is not a solution of the difficulty; the great logical process of generalization cannot be reduced to any such easy and arbitrary procedure.
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One type of map is a function, as in the association of any of the four colored shapes in X to its color in Y In mathematics, a map is often used as a synonym for a function,The words map, mapping, transformation, correspondence, and operator are often used synonymously. . Some authors use the term map with a more general meaning than function, which may be restricted to apply to numbers only. but may also refer to some generalizations. Originally, this was an abbreviation of mapping, which often refers to the action of applying a function to the elements of its domain.
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Augustine defines love of money as a subcategory of avarice.St. Augustine: The Literal Meaning of Genesis – Livres 7 à 12 – Page 147 "In the stricter meaning of the word, avarice is what is more commonly called love of money. But St. Paul in using the word intended to go from the special to the general meaning and wished avarice to be understood in the broad sense of the." Luther referred to the love of money in strong accusations against the Catholic Church in his initial work of the Ninety-five Theses or Disputation on the Power of Indulgences.
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In legal usage, the court noted, the word "judgment" has at least two meanings: a general meaning and a technical meaning. When used in the general sense, the word comprises both the reasons for judgment and the judgment or order; when used in its technical sense, it is the equivalent of "order." When a judgment has been delivered in court, whether in writing or orally, the registrar draws up a formal order of court which is embodied in a separate document signed by him. It is a copy of this which is served by the sheriff.
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The matter was considered in a dedicated peer-reviewed paper, "An Oceanographical Survey of Killary Harbour...," that concluded that Killary was a fjord.Dublin, Ireland: Keegan, B.F. and Mercer, J.P., in Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, Section B, vol. 86B (1986), pp. 1-70 - "An Oceanographical Survey of Killary Harbour in the West of Ireland"A further point is that the term "fjord" has a broad general meaning, and was used by the Norsemen, as seen with Waterford and Wexford, for rather inlets much less dramatic than a "typical" fjord, but this is a secondary issue.
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Up to the 20th century, in English language, none of those terms (Bosnians, Bosniacs, Bosniaks) were used to designate a distinctive ethnicity. Since the end of the 20th century, when the majority of ethnic Muslims in former Yugoslavia decided to adopt term Bosniaks as their ethnic designation, consequent use of that particular term in English language has gradually adapted to the new situation. Today, term Bosniaks (including the spelling variant Bosniacs) is primarily used in English language as a designation for ethnic Bosniaks, while the term Bosnians has kept its general meaning, designating all inhabitants of Bosnia.
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Although its origins relate to the nobility, the velvet season came to have a more general meaning. It is better defined by the general public‘s tastes, behaviors, and morals than by those of the nobility. By the 1900s, people traveled for the velvet season because it was fashionable and they were hoping to meet people, rather than because the court was traveling. Although it has proven impossible to determine the exact point in time, at some point, the velvet season switched from referring to the spring to the fall, overlapping with the wool/silk seasons in August and September.
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The Nightmare, by Henry Fuseli (1781) is thought to be one of the classic depictions of sleep paralysis perceived as a demonic visitation. The night hag or old hag is the name given to a supernatural creature, commonly associated with the phenomenon of sleep paralysis. It is a phenomenon during which a person feels a presence of a supernatural malevolent being which immobilizes the person as if sitting on their chest or the foot of their bed. The word "night-mare" or "nightmare" was used to describe this phenomenon before the word received its modern, more general meaning.
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In a general meaning a Nano flake is a flake (that is, an uneven piece of material with one dimension substantially smaller than the other two) with at least one nanometric dimension (that is, between 1 and 100 nm). A flake is not necessarily perfectly flat but it is characterized by a plate-like form or structure. There are nanoflakes of all sorts of materials. In a more restricted meaning, in the context of solar energy, Nano flakes are a type of semiconductor that has potential for solar energy creation as the product itself is only in the prototype phase.
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The French form remains quite popular in Continental Europe, as witness the works of many popular Czech authors, such as Jan Neruda, Karel Čapek and Ludvík Vaculík. Besides France, Russia in particular cultivated the feuilleton genre since the 19th century, and the word фельетон acquired the general meaning of satirical piece in the Russian language. In Polish press terminology the term feuilleton (Polish: felieton) meant a regular, permanent column in a magazine where episodes of novels, serial press publications (e.g., "Chronicles" by Boleslaw Prus in "Kurier Warszawski") and other items on entertainment and cultural issues were published.
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Gallery of the Apostles, Temmenhausen Nikolauskirche The term apostle is derived from Classical Greek ἀπόστολος (apóstolos), meaning "one who is sent off", from στέλλειν ("stellein"), "to send" + από (apó), "off, away from". The literal meaning in English is therefore an "emissary" (from the Latin mittere, "to send", and ex, "from, out, off". The word apostle has two meanings, the broader meaning of a messenger and the narrower meaning of an early Christian apostle directly linked to Jesus. The more general meaning of the word is translated into Latin as missiō, and from this word we get missionary.
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In line with the general meaning of "expectation of privacy," student expectation of privacy refers to a student's inherent right to privacy in the school system. Examples of student expectation of privacy, especially in the pre-collegiate levels, include the protection of a student's academic record from being viewed by anyone other than the academic instructor, the student's parents or guardians, and the students themselves. There have been many legal cases regarding the privacy concerns of pupils' academic records, for example the Owasso Independent School District v. Falvo that was handled by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2002.
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He worked for Canada's interests in trade and immigration, and lobbied for Canada's viewpoint on matter of Anglo-American relations. In this function, he answered directly to the Prime Minister of Canada, Sir John A. Macdonald, since it was an informal position and was therefore not under the purview of the Governor General, meaning that communications could be kept secret from the Imperial Government. As well, Canada did not have a foreign affairs department at the time. This unusual situation did lead to a tradition of direct executive involvement in foreign affairs in Canada which still exists.
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Its general meaning was to depict the protagonists and their ship as a newly born star shining on the land, similar to Venus in the evening sky. The logo was also design to convey this, and the term "Vesperia" was used in-game for the party's airship. The game's main protagonist, Yuri Lowell, was created to be a more mature, evolved protagonist than Kyle Dunamis in Tales of Destiny 2 or Luke fon Fabre in Abyss. His role was to facilitate the growth of the other characters, and to have a sense of justice that did not take account of the law.
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For example, means "serve" in Standard Arabic but "work" in Tunisian Arabic; meanwhile, means "work" in Standard Arabic but has a broader meaning of "do" in Tunisian Arabic; and in Tunisian Arabic means "go" rather than "walk" as in Standard Arabic. In general, meaning shift happens when there is a lexical implication of the society speaking the language so the social situation and the thoughts of the speakers of the languages obliged them to change the meaning of some words so their language could be adapted to their situationEckert, P. (2005, January). Variation, convention, and social meaning. In Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America.
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Hence, the amount and rate of deforestation in Africa are less known than other regions of tropics. The term deforestation refers to the complete obstruction of forest canopy cover for means of agriculture, plantations, cattle-ranching, and other non-forest fields. Other forest use changes for example are forest disintegration (changing the spatial continuity and creating a mosaic of forest blocks and other land cover types), and dreadful conditions (selective logging of woody species for profitable purposes that affects the forest subfloor and the biodiversity). The general meaning to the term deforestation is linked not only to the value system but the type of measurement designed to assess it.
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They viewed comedy as simply the "art of reprehension", and made no reference to light and cheerful events, or to the troubling beginnings and happy endings associated with classical Greek comedy. After the Latin translations of the 12th century, the term "comedy" gained a more general meaning in medieval literature. In the late 20th century, many scholars preferred to use the term laughter to refer to the whole gamut of the comic, in order to avoid the use of ambiguous and problematically defined genres such as the grotesque, irony, and satire.Herman Braet, Guido Latré, Werner Verbeke (2003) Risus mediaevalis: laughter in medieval literature and art p.
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A number of legends were invented to explain the custom of male veiling. According to one, the wearers of litham descended from members of the Umayyad family, who escaped to Africa disguised as women after the fall of the Umayyad dynasty, and never took off the veil. When one fell in battle and lost his litham, his friends could not recognize him until it was put back on. The word litham and its derivatives have been widely used in Arabic literature, in particular by the poets, who commonly employed puns between the general meaning of litham as veil and the verbal root lathama, which means "to kiss".
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In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, the G/G/1 queue represents the queue length in a system with a single server where interarrival times have a general (meaning arbitrary) distribution and service times have a (different) general distribution. The evolution of the queue can be described by the Lindley equation. The system is described in Kendall's notation where the G denotes a general distribution for both interarrival times and service times and the 1 that the model has a single server. Different interarrival and service times are considered to be independent, and sometimes the model is denoted GI/GI/1 to emphasise this.
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See the text of the play, available on Wikisource, the description for this scene reads "Priests and Boys around it in the attitude of suppliants." And in Antigone also on Wikisource, "The same as in Oedipus the King." The term has survived verbatim but evolved in meaning from its metaphorical use, and today carries the general meaning of satellite in Modern Greek.www.greek-language.gr definition The 1968 Nebula Award-winning novel Rite of Passage, by Alexei Panshin, mentions the protagonist's observations of the role of spear carriers in real life: > A spear carrier is somebody who stands in the hall when Caesar passes, comes > to attention and thumps his spear.
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A++ stands for abstraction plus reference plus synthesis which is used as a name for the minimalistic programming language that is built on ARS. ARS is an abstraction from the Lambda Calculus, taking its three basic operations, and giving them a more general meaning, thus providing a foundation for the three major programming paradigms: functional programming, object-oriented programming and imperative programming. ARS Based Programming is used as a name for programming which consists mainly of applying patterns derived from ARS to programming in any language. The technical texts in this article are taken from the online version of the 1st edition of the A++-book.
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The modern use of the term for a fabric rather than a garment dates to Thomas Burberry, who invented the fabric & revived the name in 1879, and patented it in 1888. It has been used with a general meaning of "closely woven cloth" since at least 1904. Although its origin is unknown, the word may be related to the word kaba, a type of coat reaching to the knees with wide sleeves worn by Muslim men in Puraniya, a region of India. There is another kind of coat, called a qabā, that is mentioned in Sufī scripture, which is an ordinary coat, as opposed to a religious coat.
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"Bad ghosts" represent another, more general meaning of the word "ghost" in theoretical physics: states of negative norm, or fields with the wrong sign of the kinetic term, such as Pauli–Villars ghosts, whose existence allows the probabilities to be negative thus violating unitarity. Ghost particles could obtain the symmetry or break it in gauge fields. The "good ghost" particles actually obtain the symmetry by unchanging the "gauge fixing Lagrangian" in a gauge transformation, while bad ghost particles break the symmetry by bringing in the non-abelian G-matrix which does change the symmetry, and this was the main reason to introduce the gauge covariant and contravariant derivatives.
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In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, the G/M/1 queue represents the queue length in a system where interarrival times have a general (meaning arbitrary) distribution and service times for each job have an exponential distribution. The system is described in Kendall's notation where the G denotes a general distribution, M the exponential distribution for service times and the 1 that the model has a single server. The arrivals of a G/M/1 queue are given by a renewal process. It is an extension of an M/M/1 queue, where this renewal process must specifically be a Poisson process (so that interarrival times have exponential distribution).
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The term psychopathy initially had a very general meaning referring to all sorts of mental disorders and social aberrations, popularised from 1891 in Germany by Koch's concept of "psychopathic inferiority" (psychopathische Minderwertigkeiten). Some medical dictionaries still define psychopathy in both a narrow and broad sense, such as MedlinePlus from the U.S. National Library of Medicine.Medlineplus Psychopath or Psychopathy Retrieved January 21st 2012 On the other hand, Stedman's Medical Dictionary defines psychopathy only as an outdated term for an antisocial type of personality disorder.Medilexicon powered by Stedman's, part of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Psychopath Retrieved January 21st 2012 The term psychosis was also used in Germany from 1841, originally in a very general sense.
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Examples of the latitudinarian philosophy underlying the theology were found among the Cambridge Platonists and Sir Thomas Browne in his Religio Medici. Additionally, the term latitudinarian has been applied to ministers of the Scottish Episcopal Church who were educated at the Episcopal-sympathizing universities at Aberdeen and StAndrews, and who broadly subscribed to the beliefs of their moderate Anglican English counterparts. Today, latitudinarianism should not be confused with ecumenical movements, which seek to draw all Christian churches together, rather than seeking to de-emphasize practical doctrine. The term latitudinarian has taken on a more general meaning, indicating a personal philosophy that includes tolerance of other views, particularly, but not necessarily, on religious matters.
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J.J. Grandville's illustration from the 1855 edition of La Fontaine's fables The Monkey and the Cat is best known as a fable adapted by Jean de La Fontaine under the title Le Singe et le Chat that appeared in the second collection of his Fables in 1679 (IX.17). Although there is no evidence that the story existed before the 15th century, it began to appear in collections of Aesop's Fables from the 17th centuryNotably in Isaac de Benserade's Fables d'Esope (1678) but is not included in the Perry Index. There are popular idioms derived from it in both English and French with the general meaning of being the dupe of another (e.g., a cat's-paw).
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The government persecution of the Left-SRs disrupted the organization within only a few months. The general meaning of the interventions in the last congress was dejected, unlike those of the previous one. The party was in crisis, both due to the government persecution and internal divisions. Originally opposed to the poor peasant committees created by decree on June 11 to help with the requisitioning of food and to fuel the class struggle in the countryside, the Left-SRs in its last congress was more ambiguous due to the new decree from Lenin of August 18 in which it was declared that the committees should only confront the more than well-to-do peasants and not the average peasants.
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To vet was originally a horse- racing term, referring to the requirement that a horse be checked for health and soundness by a veterinarian before being allowed to race. Thus, it has taken the general meaning "to check". It is a figurative contraction of veterinarian, which originated in the mid-17th century. The colloquial abbreviation dates to the 1860s; the verb form of the word, meaning "to treat an animal", came a few decades later—according to the Oxford English Dictionary, the earliest known usage is 1891—and was applied primarily in a horse-racing context ("He vetted the stallion before the race", "You should vet that horse before he races", etc.).
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In addition to the general meaning of "jacket", the word kurtka refers to the garment normally worn by Sambo practitioners, similar to the keikogi in style and function, although it is tighter fitting and has epaulettes and belt loops.Green, Thomas A. (editor) 2001, Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia - Volume One: A-Q, ABC-CLIO Inc. (p. 512) A kurtka should be made of canvas or other heavy material, should be tight- fitting, should not extend more than eight inches below the belt (roughly equal to the bottom of the sleeve) and the sleeves must be long enough to cover the arms to the wrists, and wide enough at the end to fit the wrist and four fingers.
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Both spellings ("plane" and "plain") have been in use for several centuries,"A Token for Ship-Boys, or Plain Sailing made more plain" (Adam Martindale, 1683, A Collection of Letters for Improvement of Husbandry & Trade)"The rudiments, which would no sooner be run over, than the rest would become plain sailing." (Fanny Burney, 1796, Camilla)Oxford English Dictionary Plane sailing is based on the assumption that the meridian through the point of departure, the parallel through the destination, and the course line form a right triangle in a plane, called the "plane sailing triangle". The expressions "plane sailing" (or more commonly "plain sailing") has, by analogy, taken on a more general meaning of any activity that is relatively straightforward.
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Marvin Harris, a historian of anthropology, begins The Rise of Anthropological Theory with the statement that anthropology is "the science of history". He is not suggesting that history be renamed to anthropology, or that there is no distinction between history and prehistory, or that anthropology excludes current social practices, as the general meaning of history, which it has in "history of anthropology", would seem to imply. He is using "history" in a special sense, as the founders of cultural anthropology used it:There is currently some regional and traditional equivocation about whether it should be called culture history, as in cultural anthropology; i.e., Culture-historical archaeology, or social history, as in social anthropology, or the compromise, sociocultural anthropology.
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In that same year, Edmund Burke decried the "thousands of those hell-hounds called terrorists" who he believed threatened Europe. During the Reign of Terror, the Jacobin government and other factions of the French Revolution used the apparatus of the state to kill and intimidate political opponents, and the Oxford English Dictionary includes as one definition of terrorism "Government by intimidation carried out by the party in power in France between 1789–1794". The original general meaning of terrorism was of terrorism by the state, as reflected in the 1798 supplement of the Dictionnaire of the Académie française, which described terrorism as systeme, regime de la terreur.A History of Terrorism, by Walter Laqueur, Transaction Publishers, 2007, , at , p. 6.
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Students successful in early examinations are rewarded by their colleges with scholarships and exhibitions, normally the result of a long- standing endowment, although since the introduction of tuition fees the amounts of money available are purely nominal. Scholars, and exhibitioners in some colleges, are entitled to wear a more voluminous undergraduate gown; "commoners" (originally those who had to pay for their "commons", or food and lodging) are restricted to a short, sleeveless garment. The term "scholar" in relation to Oxford therefore has a specific meaning as well as the more general meaning of someone of outstanding academic ability. In previous times, there were "noblemen commoners" and "gentlemen commoners", but these ranks were abolished in the 19th century.
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These renderings were also used in the US Untermann revised editionPublished by Charles H Kerr, Chicago, 1906, and the Eden and Cedar Paul translationFrom the 4th edition (Allen and Unwin, London, 1928. It has also been wrongly rendered as "realisation of capital".Christopher J. Arthur, A guide to Marx's Grundrisse in English, p. 2, no date (CJA online website, circa 2009) In German, the general meaning of "Verwertung" is the productive use of a resource, and more specifically the use or application of something (an object, process or activity) so that it makes money, or generates value, with the connotation that the thing validates itself and proves its worth when it results in earnings, a yield.
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82 This refers to the fact that the axes of the woodmen have wooden shafts and the trees have therefore contributed to their own doom. A number of proverbs derive from the story, with the general meaning of being to blame for one's own misfortune. They include the Hebrew 'the axe goes to the wood from whence it borrowed its helve,John Ray, A Compleat Collection of English Proverbs, 4th edition London 1768 p.309 of which there are KannadaUb Narasinga Rao A Handbook of Kannada Proverbs, Madras 1912, p.24 and UrduEnglish-Urdu dictionary equivalents, and the Turkish ‘When the axe came into the Forest, the trees said "The handle is one of us".
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The term constable consequently began to have a more general meaning related to enforcing order;p72, Bruce, Alistair, Keepers of the Kingdom (Cassell, 2002), in 1285 King Edward I of England "constituted two constables in every hundred to prevent defaults in towns and highways".p276-7, Markham, Sir Frank, History of Milton Keynes and District, vol.1 (1973), In England and Scotland, the officer in command of the army then came to be called the Lord High Constable, to avoid ambiguity over his role. As the chief pledge were also involved in policing people's behaviour, though at a much smaller scale, and with much-lowered resources, they gradually came to be referred to as petty constables.
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In contrast to Locke and Hume, George Berkeley and Ludwig Wittgenstein held that ideas alone are unable to account for the different variations within a general meaning. For example, any hypothetical image of the meaning of "dog" has to include such varied images as a chihuahua, a pug, and a black labrador; and this seems impossible to imagine, since all of those particular breeds look very different from one another. Another way to see this point is to question why it is that, if we have an image of a specific type of dog (say of a chihuahua), it should be entitled to represent the entire concept. Another criticism is that some meaningful words, known as non- lexical items, don't have any meaningfully associated image.
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Yorgos agrees to play, but only if the men compete for who is the best in general, meaning that they will not only judge each other on tasks but on their personality and habits with anything and everything up for grabs. The only one with a Chevalier ring is the Doctor, but as he refuses to lend his ring to the winner, they decide that a ring will be purchased when the group arrives in Athens. The men immediately begin to judge each other on how they sleep, what they wear, how they drink their coffee. Each contestant also selects a competition for all of the men to compete in including who can clean the fastest, and who can skip stones the best.
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Gen. Samuel Cooper, CSA Originally five officers in the South were appointed to the rank of general, and only two more would follow. These generals occupied the senior posts in the Confederate Army, mostly entire army or military department commanders, and advisers to Jefferson Davis. This rank is equivalent to the general in the modern U.S. Army, and the grade is often referred to in modern writings as "full general" to help differentiate it from the generic term "general" meaning simply "general officer".The usage of the somewhat incorrect term "full general" is very unofficial, but commonly occurs in modern military writings; referring to a colonel as "full" and/or "bird" colonel (as compared to a lieutenant colonel, who ranks behind them) in U.S. forces also occurs.
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Richter, p.16 In Călinescu's view, they announce Dadaism, given that "bypassing the relations which lead to a realistic vision, the poet associates unimaginably dissipated images that will surprise consciousness." In 1922, Tzara himself wrote: "As early as 1914, I tried to strip the words of their proper meaning and use them in such a way as to give the verse a completely new, general, meaning [...]." Alongside pieces depicting a Jewish cemetery in which graves "crawl like worms" on the edge of a town, chestnut trees "heavy-laden like people returning from hospitals", or wind wailing "with all the hopelessness of an orphanage", Samyro's poetry includes Verișoară, fată de pension, which, Cernat argues, displays "playful detachment [for] the musicality of internal rhymes".
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The text of the hymn is as follows, on the left as in Tucher's 1848 publication which shows Englisch's two stanzas, on the right the text from the current German hymnals: Englisch's lyrics are a close paraphrase of the , about being able to go in peace after having seen the light of the Saviour (""). Simeon said so after actually seeing the baby Jesus, 40 days after his birth, and for him departing in peace could mean readiness to die. Englisch begins in the first person, addressing God as his Lord (""), who prays to be allowed to rest in God's peace (""). Spitta transfers the thought to a more general meaning, of travelling one's roads after having seen the light, adding that His mercy is unmeasurable ("").
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The first forms of graphism that allow one to hazardly identify an animal, did not appear until around 30,000 B.C. Prehistoric art records are very numerous, and statistical processing has allowed us to unravel the general meaning of what they represented. The earliest known paintings do not represent a hunt or a family scene, but are graphic building blocks without any associated description. All these early forms therefore suggests that figurative art was directly linked with language and was, in the broadest sense, much closer to writing than to what we understand by a work of art. It was symbolic transposition, not copying of reality, that is to say that graphism did not begin start by reproducing reality in a slavishly photographic manner, but with abstraction.
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141), the Carneia was an imitation of life in camp, and everything was done in accordance with the command of a herald. In regard to the sacrifice, which doubtless formed part of the ceremonial, all that is known is that a ram was sacrificed at Thurii. Other indications point to the festival having assumed a military character at an early date, as might have been expected among the warlike Dorians, although some scholars deny this. The general meaning of the agrarian ceremony is clear, and has numerous parallels in north European harvest-customs, in which an animal (or man disguised as an animal) was pursued by the reapers, the animal if caught being usually killed; in any case, both the man and the animal represent the vegetation spirit.
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5, 190 (2010)R.A. Zubarev, Role of stable isotopes in life – Testing isotopic resonance hypothesis, Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics 9, 15 (2011) postulates that certain isotopic compositions of chemical elements affect kinetics of chemical reactions involving molecules built of these elements. The isotopic compositions for which this effect is predicted are called resonance isotopic compositions. Fundamentally, the IsoRes hypothesis relies on a postulate that less complex systems exhibit faster kinetics than equivalent but more complex systems. Furthermore, system’s complexity is affected by its symmetry (more symmetric systems are simpler), and symmetry (in general meaning) of reactants may be affected by their isotopic composition. The term “resonance” relates to the use of this term in nuclear physics, where peaks in the dependence of a reaction cross section upon energy are called “resonances”.
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Another older meaning probably refer to "age", the length of time that a person has lived or a thing has existed, or the old age. Also, another meaning refers to "make a law/ legistation about something". The general meaning is "sharpened point/ nib of the spear or lance(t)" which could possibly have a symbolic connotation representing a pointed arch, some referring to the niche of a mihrab, since the mihrab represent the "point, direction" of prayer to the Ka'abah in Islam. In a hadith narrated by Abu Juhaifa in Sahih al-Bukhari, "Once Allah's Messenger went to Al-Batha' at noon, performed the ablution and offered a two rak'at Zuhr prayer and a two- rak'at 'Asr prayer while a spearheaded stick was planted before him and the passersby were passing in front of it".
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Karen Pechelis (2014), The Embodiment of Bhakti, Oxford University Press, , page 3 The term bhakti, in Vedic Sanskrit literature, has a general meaning of "mutual attachment, devotion, fondness for, devotion to" such as in human relationships, most often between beloved-lover, friend-friend, king-subject, parent-child. It may refer to devotion towards a spiritual teacher (Guru) as guru-bhakti, or to a personal God, or for spirituality without form (nirguna).Karen Pechilis Prentiss (2014), The Embodiment of Bhakti, Oxford University Press, , page 21 According to the Sri Lankan Buddhist scholar Sanath Nanayakkara, there is no single term in English that adequately translates or represents the concept of bhakti in Indian religions. Terms such as "devotion, faith, devotional faith" represent certain aspects of bhakti, but it means much more.
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Monier-Williams Dictionary gives the meaning of the root verb as "to cook, boil, to burn, diffuse light", but as a feminine abstract noun, it has received a general meaning of "grace, splendour, beauty; wealth, affluence, prosperity". The word may also be used as an adjective in Sanskrit, which is the origin of the modern use of shri as a title. From the noun, is derived the Sanskrit adjective “śrīmat” (śrimān in the masculine nominative singular, śrīmatī in the feminine), by adding the suffix indicating possession, literally “radiance-having” (person, god, etc). This is used in modern vernacular as form of address Shrimati (abbreviated Smt) for married women, while Sushri, (with “su”, “good”, added to the beginning), can be used for women in general (regardless of marital status).
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Waka is a type of poetry in classical Japanese literature. Waka are composed in Japanese, and are contrasted with poetry composed by Japanese poets in Classical Chinese, which are known as kanshi. Thus, waka has the general meaning of "poetry in Japanese", as opposed to the kanshi "poetry in Chinese"; however waka is sometimes also used in the more specific and restrictive sense of poetry which is in Japanese and which is also in the tanka form. The Man'yōshū anthology preserves from the eighth century 265 chōka (long poems), 4,207 tanka (short poems), one tan-renga (short connecting poem), one bussokusekika (a poem in the form 5–7–5–7–7–7; named for the poems inscribed on the Buddha's footprints at Yakushi-ji in Nara), four kanshi (Chinese poems), and 22 Chinese prose passages.
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The word evolution (from the Latin evolutio, meaning "to unroll like a scroll") was initially used to refer to embryological development; its first use in relation to development of species came in 1762, when Charles Bonnet used it for his concept of "pre-formation," in which females carried a miniature form of all future generations. The term gradually gained a more general meaning of growth or progressive development. Later in the 18th century, the French philosopher Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, one of the leading naturalists of the time, suggested that what most people referred to as species were really just well-marked varieties, modified from an original form by environmental factors. For example, he believed that lions, tigers, leopards, and house cats might all have a common ancestor.
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The word “cachirulo” or “catxirulo”, in Benaguasil, only has the meaning of dry stone rustic retreat, usually covered with a false vault; this meaning is shared with other localities. However, in Valencian, the general meaning of the word is comet or star. In Spanish, it also means: a container for liquor; a small boat with three masts; or ornaments with feathers and ribbons that women wore on their heads at the end of 18th century. In Aragonese it means a head scarf. The first documentation in Valencian is by José Escrig y Martínez, contained in the dictionary “Valenciano-Castellano” of 1851, where it says “Cagerul, Cagerulo, Cachirulo”: small boat with three sails. In Valencian it is also often applied to the “Barracas” or rustic rooms topped with a cone, and similar objects.
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Cacāre is preserved unaltered in Sardinian and the southern Italian dialects, and with little alteration in Italian (cagare). It becomes Galician, Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese cagar, in Vegliot Dalmatian kakuor, in French chier, and in Romanian as căcare (the act of taking a dump) or a (se) căca. (Feces are referred to as caca in French, Catalan, Romanian (besides căcat) and Spanish childhood slang, while Portuguese and Romanian use the very same word with the general meaning of anything that looks or smells malodorous or reminiscent of excrement.) German kacken, Dutch kakken, Czech kakat, Lithuanian kakoti, Russian какать (kakat), Icelandic kúka, Bosnian kakiti etc. are all slang words meaning "to defecate", most of them having roughly the same level of severity as the English expression "take a dump".
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This more general meaning of "dude" started creeping into the mainstream in the mid-1970s. "Dude", particularly in surfer and "bro" culture, is generally used informally to address someone ("Dude, I'm glad you finally called") or refer to another person ("I've seen that dude around here before"). One of the first known references to the word in American film was in the 1969 movie Easy Rider where Wyatt (portrayed by Peter Fonda) explains to his cellmate lawyer (portrayed by Jack Nicholson) the definition of "dude": "Dude means nice guy; Dude means regular sort of person." The usage of the word to mean a "cool person" was further popularized in American films of the 1980s and 1990s such as Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Fast Times at Ridgemont High, Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventure, Wayne's World, and Clerks.
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The noun merkabah/merkavah "thing to ride in, cart" is derived from the consonantal root ' with the general meaning "to ride". The word "chariot" is found 44 times in the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible—most of them referring to normal chariots on earth, and although the concept of the Merkabah is associated with Ezekiel's vision (1:4–26), the word is not explicitly written in Ezekiel 1. (JPS Hebrew/English) However, when left untranslated, in English the Hebrew term merkabah/merkavah (, , and ) relates to the throne-chariot of God in prophetic visions. It is most closely associated with the vision in Ezekiel chapter 1 of the four-wheeled vehicle driven by four hayyot ("living creatures"), each of which has four wingsSix wings in Isaiah's and John's visions ( and ) and the four faces of a man, lion, ox, and eagle (or vulture).
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The famous "fourth vow" of allegiance to the pope is now frequently understood by Jesuits as a vow to the papacy in general---meaning the papacy as they think it ought to be." "Nothing attracts criticism like success," says author Robert Royal, "In the seventy years since its founding, the Work has grown to almost eighty thousand members, over half in Europe, another third in the Americas, and the rest scattered throughout the world. As Vittorio Messori notes, this movement, which was once thought of as a pre- Vatican II fossil by progressives, has not only survived the heyday of progressive Catholic movements, but continues growing while the left in general, religious and lay, is shrinking." According to Time magazine, "church liberals, once riding high, have understood for decades that Rome does not incline their way.
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For example, "let P(x) be a polynomial" is a shorthand for "let P be a polynomial in the indeterminate x". On the other hand, when it is not necessary to emphasize the name of the indeterminate, many formulas are much simpler and easier to read if the name(s) of the indeterminate(s) do not appear at each occurrence of the polynomial. The ambiguity of having two notations for a single mathematical object may be formally resolved by considering the general meaning of the functional notation for polynomials. If a denotes a number, a variable, another polynomial, or, more generally, any expression, then P(a) denotes, by convention, the result of substituting a for x in P. Thus, the polynomial P defines the function :a\mapsto P(a), which is the polynomial function associated to P. Frequently, when using this notation, one supposes that a is a number.
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The IBJJF requires a practitioner to practice and teach at the black belt level for a minimum of three years before progressing to the next rank. As with most things in jiu-jitsu, there is no standardization from one academy or organization to another. This is also true for the black belt, as there is no set guidance from the IBJJF related to variations of the belt. However, there are three common variations of a black belt, each of which has its own general meaning: a black belt with a white bar generally indicates a competitor or practitioner, while a black belt with a plain red bar is the standard black belt (but sometimes differentiates a coach from a professor), and a red bar with white borders on both ends sometimes comes after at least a year or more of teaching as a black belt and can differentiate a professor.
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During the era of Korea under Japanese rule, the ruler used terms such as 'Jooga' or 'Joseon House' when they were talking about house improvement. There is a record of hanoks; however, the specific term ‘hanok’ hasn't been used prevalently. The specific word ‘hanok’ appeared in the Samsung Korean big dictionary in 1975, where it was defined as an antonym of 'western house' and as a term meaning Joseon house (Korean-style house). After the 1970s, with urban development, many apartments and row Houses were built in South Korea, and many Hanoks were demolished everywhere. From that time on, a hanok was only called a ‘’Korean traditional house.’’ In a broad sense, ‘hanok’ refers to a house with thatching or to a Neowa-jib (a shingle-roofed house) or a Giwa-jib (tile-roofed house), although the general meaning of ‘hanok’ refers to only a Giwa-jib (tile-roofed house) in Korea.
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The Book of Genesis refers to young goats by the Hebrew phrase g'di izim, but the prohibition against boiling a kid... only uses the term g'di (גדי). Rashi, one of the most prominent talmudic commentators, argued that the term g'di must actually have a more general meaning, including calves and lambs, in addition to young goats.Rashi, commentary, to Exodus 23:19 Rashi also argued that the meaning of g'di is still narrow enough to exclude birds, all the undomesticated kosher animals (for example, chevrotains and antelope), and all of the non-kosher animals.Rashi, commentary, to Deuteronomy 14:21 The Talmudic writers had a similar analysis,Hullin 8:7 but believed that since domesticated kosher animals (sheep, goats, and cattle) have similar meat to birds and to the non-domestic kosher land-animals, they should prohibit these latter meats too,Hullin 113a creating a general prohibition against mixing milk and meat from any kosher animal, excepting fish.
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In addition, in 2006 Pravda Magazine, it recognized "afigenai"Note: "Afigenai" is a calque from the Russian colloquial adjective "ofigenny" (офигенный), with the general meaning of "impressive", "stunning", from the colloquial verb офигеть, "become stunned". to be the best neologism of year 2005."Išrinkti „Pravda naujokai" ("Pravda Newcomers" Selection) The group garnered their popularity primarily over the internet: radio stations did not play their songs due to the liberal use of obscenities. In 2006 the group authored two albums, 001001 and 002.002 In 2007 one of them claimed to become gold and one platinum. In 2007 NL was disbanded amid a dispute,"Grupė „Naujieji lietuviai“ išsiskyrė" and Egidijus Remeikis and Egmontas Bžeskas, together with entrepreneur Ugnius Kiguolis, created the Tipo Grupe group."Po „Naujųjų lietuvių” Bžeskas atgaivą rado „Tipo grupėje” "Note: "Tipo Grupe" may be loosely translated as "Kinda Group", where "tipo" is also a calque from Russian slang expression tipa (типа).
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Parents with child statue, Hrobákova street, Petržalka, Bratislava Robert Thomas, in Cardiff, Wales While in many parts of the world family policies seek to promote a gender-equal organization of the family life, in others the male-dominated family continues to be the official policy of the authorities, which is also supported by law. For instance, the Civil Code of Iran states at Article 1105: "In relations between husband and wife; the position of the head of the family is the exclusive right of the husband". In some parts of the world, some governments promote a specific form of family, such as that based on traditional family values. The term "family values" is often used in political discourse in some countries, its general meaning being that of traditional or cultural values that pertain to the family's structure, function, roles, beliefs, attitudes, and ideals, usually involving the "traditional family"—a middle-class family with a breadwinner father and a homemaker mother, raising their biological children.
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Retrieved 2014-03-19 The use of "paratransit" ("para transit", "para-transit") has evolved and taken on two somewhat separate broad sets of meaning and application. The more general meaning involved projects starting in the early 1970s, documented by the Urban Institute in the 1974 book Para-transit: Neglected options for urban mobility,Ronald F. Kirby, Urban Institute, et al (1974) Para-transit:neglected options for urban mobility followed a year later by the first international overview, Paratransit: Survey of International Experience and Prospects.Eric Britton et al (1975) Paratransit: Survey of International Experience and Prospects, EcoPlan International and U.S. Department of Transportation Robert Cervero's 1997 book, Paratransit in America: Redefining Mass Transportation, embraced this wider definition of paratransit, arguing that America's mass transit sector should enlarge to include micro-vehicles, minibuses, and shared-taxi services found in many developing cities. Paratransit, as an alternative mode of flexible passenger transportation that does not follow fixed routes or schedules, are common and often offer the only mechanized mobility options for the poor in many parts of the developing world.
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Cumulative frequency of simplified Chinese characters in Modern Chinese textDa Jun (2004), Chinese text computing. Chinese characters should not be confused with Chinese words, as the majority of modern Chinese words, unlike their Old Chinese and Middle Chinese counterparts, are written with two or more characters, each character representing one syllable and/or morpheme. Knowing the meanings of the individual characters of a word will often allow the general meaning of the word to be inferred, but this is not always the case. Studies in China have shown that literate individuals know and use between 3,000 and 4,000 characters. Specialists in classical literature or history, who would often encounter characters no longer in use, are estimated to have a working vocabulary of between 5,000 and 6,000 characters. In China, which uses simplified Chinese characters, the Xiàndài Hànyǔ Chángyòng Zìbiǎo (, Chart of Common Characters of Modern Chinese) lists 2,500 common characters and 1,000 less-than-common characters, while the Xiàndài Hànyǔ Tōngyòng Zìbiǎo (, Chart of Generally Utilized Characters of Modern Chinese) lists 7,000 characters, including the 3,500 characters already listed above.
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Until the end of the 19th century, it seems to have been generally assumed that the general meeting (of all shareholders) was the supreme organ of a company, and that the board of directors merely acted as an agent of the company subject to the control of the shareholders in general meeting.Gower, Principles of Company Law (6th ed.), citing Isle of Wight Rly Co v Tahourdin (1884) LR 25 Ch D 320 However, by 1906, the English Court of Appeal had made it clear in the decision of Automatic Self-Cleansing Filter Syndicate Co Ltd v Cuninghame [1906] 2 Ch 34 that the division of powers between the board and the shareholders in general meaning depended on the construction of the articles of association and that, where the powers of management were vested in the board, the general meeting could not interfere with their lawful exercise. The articles were held to constitute a contract by which the members had agreed that "the directors and the directors alone shall manage."Per Cozens-Hardy LJ at 44 The new approach did not secure immediate approval, but it was endorsed by the House of Lords in Quin & Axtens v Salmon [1909] AC 442 and has since received general acceptance.
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Many Old Regular Baptists and Eastern Kentucky Regular Primitive Baptist can be traced back to the New Salem Association of United Baptists organized in 1825 and her mother the Burning Springs Association of now Regular Primitive Baptist which originated in eastern Kentucky in 1813 from the North District Association. The New Salem Association's name was changed to Regular United in 1854, to Regular Primitive in 1870, to Regular Baptist in 1871 and then in 1892 to Old Regular names of other bodies that became Old Regular Baptist or whose names were synonymous with Old Regular Baptist are names like Regular Predestinarian Baptist, Particular Baptist, Old School Baptist, United Baptist, Regular Primitive Baptist ,Regular Baptist ,these terms held the same general meaning and have been used interchangeably by many of the Associations mentioned.The minutes of New Salem Association in 1892 indicate that they feared the extremism of an absolute Predestination doctrine which taught that God is the direct author of sin or that he influences men thereto. There are some Old Regular Baptist associations and churches, that do not trace their lineage through the New Salem .The Burning Springs 1813, Red Bird 1823, Mountain Association 1856, Red River 1876 were daughters of the North District.
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