64 Sentences With "gastropod shell" | Random Sentence Generator

"Even more curiously, parapagurids start off in the usual way, occupying a tiny gastropod shell," Landschoff said.

There was one gastropod shell and many gastropod shell fragments found at R12. The gastropod species Limicolaria cailliaudi was not eaten and thus must likely served a symbolic or ornamental function. The gastropod species Pila ovata and Pila wernei were most likely a source of food and possibly a protective charm against infertility and drowning. Other gastropod species were included in necklaces.

Where this feature is present, the space under the apex of a patellate or patelliform (limpet- like) gastropod shell is called the apical cavity.

For terms see gastropod shell. The shell is yellowish to brownish, smooth or with fine striation. It is shiny. There are 7-8 slightly convex whorls.

For terms see gastropod shell. The 1.9-2.1 mm. shell is slightly higher than wide and brown in colour. The periostracum bears ribs ( elevated, radial ridges) with characteristic spines.

As with other terrestrial hermit crab species, they are omnivorous. There are reports of this species carrying a sea urchin test in place of a more typical gastropod shell.

For terms see gastropod shell. The 1.4-2.1 x 3-4 mm. shell is variable. It has 4-5 whorls and the last whorl width seen from above 1.5-2 x of penultimate whorl.

For terms see gastropod shell. The shell is 5–7 mm. high x 2–4 mm.wide. It is either white or horny to reddish brown and the shell has 6-7 very weakly convex whorls.

For terms see gastropod shell The 1.1-1.6 x 2.2-2.7 mm. shell has 3.2-3.3 whorls. Whorls are slightly angular at the periphery with deep sutures. The shell is flat with regular and widely spaced ribs.

Shell morphology terms vary by species group. An excellent source for terminology of the gastropod shell is "How to Know the Eastern Land Snails" by John B. Burch now freely available at the Hathi Trust Digital Library.

Euhadra murayamai is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Bradybaenidae. This species is endemic to Japan. shell of Euhadra murayamai. In this species, the gastropod shell is sinistral.

For terms see gastropod shell. The 4.5-6 x 7-13 mm shell is thin and a light horny yellowish colour. It is whitish near the umbilicus and very shiny, almost smooth. The outline is almost globulous.

For terms see gastropod shell. The 2-2.2 mm x 2-2.2 mm shell has a characteristic semispherical shape like a bee skep basket. The shell has 6 convex whorls which increase gradually in size. The sutures are deep.

The second stage of the embryonic shell, as the glochidium. Notched. Nicked or indented, as the anterior canal of some gastropods. Nucleus. The first part or beginning, as the apex in a gastropod shell. Nucleated. Having a nucleus. Obconic.

For terms see gastropod shell. Shell The shell is amber reddish in colour, rarely whitish. It is milky white near the umbilicus. The shell is finely striated with spiral lines producing a fine reticular pattern (less prominent than in A. pura).

The ventral surface of a shell of Cepaea nemoralis. The peristome is thickened and dark in an adult snail. The peristome is the margin of the aperture of a gastropod shell. It is the edge of the lip of the shell.

Vitrea contracta figure 4 For terms see gastropod shell. The 2.2-2.6 mm. shell is colourless translucent and shiny. It is almost smooth with 4-5 whorls, the last whorl width seen from above 1.4-1.6 x of penultimate whorl.

The width of this large gastropod shell is 130–285 mm. The shell has a broadly conoid shape with a convex base. It is moderately umbilicated, the umbilicus penetrating to the apex. It is a little plicated within by the prominent growth lines.

For terms see gastropod shell. The shell is about 2 to 3 millimeters wide, with 6 whorls and shallow sutures. The apex is blunt. The penultimate whorl is striated with 15 to 23 lines and the aperture climbs only slightly at the penultimate whorl.

For terms see gastropod shell. The body of this semi-slug is too large to be contained in the very flat and depressed ear-shaped shell. The shell body whorl is ¾ of the total breadth viewed from above. It is very thin, fragile and transparent.

For terms see gastropod shell The 3-4 x 1.5-2 mm. shell has 5-7 convex whorls which are slightly more convex than those of Hydrobia acuta neglecta. Smaller shells with 5 whorls are slightly less slender than those of Hydrobia neglecta. The suture is deep.

The gastropod shell of Euchondrus is 6.5–13 mm in height in Euchondrus parreyssi, that has very variable size in Euchondrus."Species summary for Euchondrus parreyssi". AnimalBase, last modified 24 February 2009, accessed 7 September 2010. The shell is elongate with 5-7 whorls and a high spire.

For terms see gastropod shell. The 1-2.5 x 3.0-4.5 mm shell is nearly planispiral in its coiling. The shell has 3-4 strongly convex whorls with a deep suture, at the lower side the whorls are in one regular plain and never keeled. The upper side is concave.

For terms see gastropod shell The shell is colourless or weakly brown and weakly shiny. The microsculpture (only visible under a microscope, 35-40 x) is faint, spiral lines crossing irregular radial lines. There are 3.5-4 convex whorls, the last whorl increasing and not descending near aperture. The umbilicus is wide and slightly excentric.

For terms see gastropod shell The 2.0-2.5 x 2.8-3.5 mm shell is broader than high. The colour is yellowish brown. The shell surface on the upper side is rather pale, the lower side is rather silky and smooth. There is no umbilicus and the last whorl with a trace of a keel.

Clibanarius is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes C. fonticola, the only known hermit crab species that spends all its life in freshwater. The feeding rates of Clibanarius spp.

For terms see gastropod shell The shell is circular in outline, with 3.2 - 3.3 whorls. The last whorl is wider immediately before the aperture, and is not much descending. Compared to Vallonia costata, the aperture is not very oblique, and the lip is weaker than in that species. Vallonia pulchella also has slightly more elevated whorls than Vallonia costata.

For terms see gastropod shell The 15 x 12–23 mm. shell has 4.5-5.5 convex whorls. The last whorl is initially angulated or rounded. The aperture is rounded with a whitish or reddish lip inside and margin is not reflected, The umbilicus is always open, 1/10-1/6 of shell diameterand sometimes slightly excentric.

For terms see gastropod shell The 3-4 x 1.8 mm shell is oval with a blunt apex and 5-6 weakly convex whorls. The last whorl has the largest diameter. The aperture with parietalis and with or without angular tooth. The margin is white, sharp and reflected in fully grown specimens, usually with a whitish parietal callus.

For terms see gastropod shell The 3.1-3.7 x 1.7-2.1 mm shell is oval with 5-6.5 very slightly convex whorls. The apertural margin is U-shaped with a pronounced circular angular sinus and a strong angularis. The parietalis is also strong but deeper inside. There is strong columellaris an 2 weaker and deeper palatal folds.

Calliactis tricolor may adhere to a rock but is usually found attached to the hard surface of a living animal. This can be the carapace of a crab, a hermit crab occupying an empty gastropod shell, a clam or other living mollusc such as the tulip shell (Fasciolaria tulipa) or the Caribbean crown conch (Melongena melongena).Biological associations for Calliactis tricolor Hexacorallians of the World. Retrieved 2012-04-03.

This goat has corneous horns. Gastropod shell of Viviparus contectus with its corneous operculum in place Corneous is a biological and medical term meaning horny, in other words made out of a substance similar to that of horns and hooves in some mammals. The word is generally used to describe natural or pathological anatomical structures made out of a hard layer of protein. In mammals this protein would usually be keratin.

To use aff. alone, implies that the specimen differs suggestively from the holotype but that further progress is necessary to confirm that it is a novel species. An example would be: a gastropod shell listed as Lucapina aff. L. aegis would mean that this shell somewhat resembles the shell of Lucapina aegis, but is thought more likely to be another species, either closely related to, or closely resembling Lucapina aegis.

For terms see gastropod shell The shell is very small, 1.2-1.6 mm in width.(Welter-Schultes) The 0.6-0.8 x 1.2-1.6 mm shell is almost flat, extremely densely and regularly striated, appearing silky shiny light horny brown. There are 3-3.5 moderately convex whorls, the aperture is rounded, with a thin margin which is not reflected and without a lip. The umbilicus is wide (25% of shell diameter).

The relationship between the two is symbiotic. The crab is less likely to be attacked by predators because of the anemone's nematocysts and the anemone in turn benefits from the food fragments thrown up by the crab's activities. Another animal with which P. prideaux has a symbiotic relationship is the polychaete worm Iphitime paguri. Adult worms and the larval stages are frequently found in the apex of the gastropod shell.

P. prideaux is nearly always found in association with the sea anemone, Adamsia palliata (the "cloak anemone"). The anemone grows on the underside of the shell inhabited by the hermit crab. Its base enlarges and two flaps wrap around the shell until eventually they meet at the top. Its base secretes a chitinous membrane that extends the gastropod shell, enlarging its capacity, and allowing the hermit crab to occupy it for a longer period.

The mantle is black, or shows dark pigmentation. This pigmentation is also seen in the nape, the anterior part of the snout, the top of the tentacles, and along the edge of the peristome (the margin of the gastropod shell). The radula of Gillia altilis looks like a single serrated blade, with 51-55 rows of teeth. Each row has 2 central basocones, 3-4 central octocones, 8-9 lateral teeth, ca.

D. pedunculatus usually lives on coral reefs and in the intertidal zone, at depths of . It usually carries sea anemones on its shell, which it uses to protect itself from its main predator, cephalopods of the genus Octopus. The anemones are collected at night, and comprises the crab stroking and tapping the anemone until it loosens its grip on the substrate, at which point it is moved onto the gastropod shell that the hermit crab inhabits.

P. hirsutiusculus mainly feeds on detritus, but is an opportunistic feeder and also feeds on seaweeds. The right chela of P. hirsutiusculus is significantly larger than the left and is used primarily for defense. The smaller left chela is used for fine motor work such as eating and selecting gastropod shells. The setae on the minor chela are sensitive to calcium, and help the hermit to judge whether the gastropod shell will be adequate to suit its needs.

The most frequently used measurements of a gastropod shell are: the height of the shell, the width of the shell, the height of the aperture and the width of the aperture. The number of whorls is also often used. In this context, the height (or the length) of a shell is its maximum measurement along the central axis. The width (or breadth, or diameter) is the maximum measurement of the shell at right angles to the central axis.

Two shells of Papillifera bidens, scale bar is in mm. These shells have 10 or 11 whorls and thus a very long suture, with an unusual sculpture of regularly placed papules along the suture itself. Nearly all snail shells (except for the shells of limpets, abalone, sea hares, etc.) can be visualized as a tube of increasing diameter, closed at the small end, and spirally wrapped around a central axis. For more information, see Gastropod shell.

Different species of gobies (Elacatinus spp.) also clean up ectoparasites in other fish, possibly another kind of mutualism. A non-obligate symbiosis is seen in encrusting bryozoans and hermit crabs. The bryozoan colony (Acanthodesia commensale) develops a cirumrotatory growth and offers the crab (Pseudopagurus granulimanus) a helicospiral-tubular extension of its living chamber that initially was situated within a gastropod shell. Many types of tropical and sub-tropical ants have evolved very complex relationships with certain tree species.

Calcinus elegans relies heavily on its keen sense of smell for detecting danger in the surrounding environment. This hermit crab is constantly wary of not only the smell of its predators, but the smell of gastropod shells being broken. As it relies on its gastropod shell for protection, Calcinus elegans knows that such a smell indicates that a predator is nearby and on the hunt. Usually Calcinus elegans will attempt to find shelter or a place to hide from its predators.

In a study off the coast of Brazil, Dardanus venosus was found occupying eleven different kinds of gastropod shell including three different species of turban snail, (Astraea sp). Dardanus venosus often has the sea anemone Calliactis tricolor attached to its shell. It actively collects the anemone off a rock or removes it from an outgrown shell when it moves into a larger one. It loosens the grip of the anemone by giving it several taps near the base, causing it to relax.

The shoulder angle may be smooth or keeled, and may sometimes have nodes or spines. The most simple form of sculpture of the gastropod shell consists of longitudinal ridges, and/or transverse ridges. Primary spirals may appear in regular succession on either side of the first primary, which generally becomes the shoulder angle if angulation occurs. Secondary spirals may appear by intercalation between the primary ones, and generally are absent in the young shell, except in some highly accelerated types.

C. polypus lives as a commensal with several species of hermit crab including Dardanus gemmatus. The anemone shows no inclination to attach itself to a gastropod shell with or without a hermit crab. However the crab shows great interest in the anemone and taps and massages the base of the column with its legs until the anemone relaxes and the pedal disc becomes detached. The crab then picks up the anemone and holds it against the shell in which it is living.

A hermit crab using the gastropod shell as shelter continues to live in the shell as it is covered by the sponge. As the shell becomes engulfed, the hermit crab inside relocates to a chamber within the sponge itself. This chamber conforms to fit the spiral-shape of the hermit crab's abdomen and grows with the crab as needed, and the hermit crab shapes and maintains an opening to continue to move about and function normally. Only certain hermit crab species use sponge shelters.

The gastropod shell has three major layers secreted by the mantle. The calcareous central layer, tracum, is typically made of calcium carbonate precipitated into an organic matrix known as conchiolin. The outermost layer is the periostracum which is resistant to abrasion and provides most shell coloration. The body of the snail contacts the innermost smooth layer that may be composed of mother-of-pearl or shell nacre, a dense horizontally packed form of conchiolin, which is layered upon the periostracum as the snail grows.

A study of a turret shell artifact completed in 2011 shows a direct link between the Wairau Bar site and East Polynesia. This is only the second artifact found in New Zealand originating from East Polynesia dated to the early Polynesian colonial period. (The other is the early East Polynesian pearl lure found at Tairua identified by A. Powell of Auckland Museum.) The shell tool is a modified spiral gastropod shell. These tools were used as small chisels or gouges, possibly for enlarging holes.

It later transfers it to a new shell when it has outgrown the present shell and needs to move into larger quarters. Calliactis tricolor is often found attached to a gastropod shell occupied by another hermit crab, Dardanus venosus. On finding an anemone, or after moving into a new shell, this hermit crab taps the edge of the base of the anemone several times with its claw. This causes it to relax and the crab can then lift it off the surface to which it was attached and place it onto its new home.

The larvae that hatch are planktonic for 3–4 weeks, before settling to the sea floor, entering a gastropod shell and returning to dry land. Sexual maturity is reached after about 5 years, and the total lifespan may be over 60 years. In the 3–4 weeks that the larvae remain at sea, their chances of reaching another suitable location is enhanced if a floating life support system avails itself to them. Examples of the systems that provide such opportunities include floating logs and rafts of marine or terrestrial vegetation.

The larvae float in the pelagic zone of the ocean with other plankton for 3–4 weeks, during which a large number of them are eaten by predators. The larvae pass through three to five zoea stages before moulting into the postlarval glaucothoe stage; this process takes from 25 to 33 days. Upon reaching the glaucothoe stage of development, they settle to the bottom, find and wear a suitably sized gastropod shell, and migrate to the shoreline with other terrestrial hermit crabs. At that time, they sometimes visit dry land.

Abdopus aculeatus is a small octopus species in the order Octopoda. A. aculeatus has the common name of algae octopus due to its typical resting camouflage, which resembles a gastropod shell overgrown with algae. It is small in size with a mantle around the size of a small orange (≈7 cm) and legs 25 cm in length, and is adept at mimicking its surroundings. A. aculeatus has been described as "the only land octopus", because it lives on beaches, walking from one tidal pool to the next as it hunts for crabs.

As is common with hermit crabs, P. hirsutiusculus carries an abandoned gastropod shell to protect itself. Individuals from calmer waters will readily leave their shell when confronted with a predator, a trait which the authors of Between Pacific Tides attributed to the lack of surf. the preferred shells are those of Nassa, Olivella biplicata, Nucella emarginata, Tectarius striatus, Epitonium tinctum, Alia carinata, Homalopoma luridum, Ilyanassa obsoleta, Urosalpinx cinerea, and Busycotypus canaliculatus. In the San Juan Archipelago, Pagurus hirsutiusculus has been found to carry the parasitic isopod Pseudione giardi.

For terms see gastropod shell The 9-15 x 4-7 mm shell has 8-11 whorls, in juvenile specimens with a sharp edge. It is evenly white or with brown spots. The shell is less brownish, more slender and higher than the shell of Cochlicella barbara and upper whorls are slightly more rounded in C. acuta (juveniles have a much sharper edge at the periphery of the lowest whorl). The animal is very light yellowish, dorsum with blackish brown pigments, one dark medial line on dorsum, two dark lines (= retractor muscles) from the sides to the upper tentacles.

Psammoactinia antarctica was an encrusting, colonial cnidarian in the family Hydractiniidae that lived in the Cretaceous Antarctic. Within its family, P. antarctica had the unusual ability to agglutinate sand and silt grants, incorporating them into the basal layer and pillars making up the wall of the chambers of its laminae. It encrusted gastropod shells inhabited by hermit crabs of the genus Paguristes. The Psammoactinia colony began with a larva landing on a small gastropod shell. The colony then grew past the aperture of the shell and formed a tube that conformed to the hermit crab’s shape and growing pattern.

Because L. splendescens has a well-calcified carapace, the gastropod mollusc shell which it inhabits is only needed to provide protection for its soft abdomen. However, the crab almost exclusively chooses shells in which to live on which stinging colonial hydroids in the genus Hydractinia are growing; these are likely to provide extra protection to the hermit crab, but it is unknown whether the association is mutually beneficial. The hydroids are lightly calcified and may grow so thickly as to extend or even partially replace the mollusc shell as the hermit crab's shelter; X-raying such a "shell" sometimes shows gastropod-like spiral growth of hydractinians extending from the original shell, while little remains of the gastropod shell itself.

The apertural end of the gastropod shell is the anterior end, nearest to the head of the animal; the apex of the spire is often the posterior end or at least is the dorsal side. Most authors figure the shells with the apex of the spire uppermost. In life, when the soft parts of these snail are retracted, in some groups the aperture of the shell is closed by using a horny or calcareous operculum, a door-like structure which is secreted by, and attached to, the upper surface of the posterior part of the foot. The operculum is of very variable form in the different groups of snails that possess one.

Found in 1921 in the Wealden area of Sussex in England during construction of an arterial road, Dinocochlea was originally presumed to be a fossilised gastropod shell. As such, it was given a Latin name that translates to "giant terrible snail" using the "dino-" prefix in a nod to Dinosaur ("terrible lizard") and refers to the nearby, paleontologically significant, quarry that featured many dinosaur fossils, the "Iguanodon Necropolis". This name also gave rise to a second theory on the origin of the object - that it is a coprolite (fossilized animal dung). The gastropod theory is now considered incorrect on the basis that there were no shell traces, nor many of the features usually found in gastropod shells such as ridges, and coils tapering to a point.

Shells of two different species of sea snail: on the left is the normally sinistral (left-handed) shell of Neptunea angulata, on the right is the normally dextral (right-handed) shell of Neptunea despecta The shell of a large land snail (probably Helix pomatia) with parts broken off to show the interior structure. 1 – umbilicus 2 – columellar plait 3 – aperture 4 – columella 5 – suture 6 – body whorl 7 – apex Four views of a shell of Arianta arbustorum: Apertural view (top left), lateral view (top right), apical view (bottom left), and umbilical view (bottom right). The gastropod shell is part of the body of a gastropod or snail, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium storage.

Nucleating on an empty gastropod shell, the bryozoan colonies form multilamellar skeletal crusts that produce spherical encrustations and extend the living chamber of the hermit crab through helicospiral tubular growth. Some phylactolaemate species are intermediate hosts for a group of myxozoa that have also been found to cause proliferative kidney disease, which is often fatal in salmonid fish, and has severely reduced wild fish populations in Europe and North America. Membranipora membranacea, whose colonies feed and grow exceptionally fast in a wide range of current speeds, was first noticed in the Gulf of Maine in 1987 and quickly became the most abundant organism living on kelps. This invasion reduced the kelp population by breaking their fronds, so that its place as the dominant "vegetation" in some areas was taken by another invader, the large alga Codium fragile tomentosoides.

An X-ray image of a shell of a marine "triton" snail, Charonia, showing the slightly sinuous line of the central columella, reaching from the top of the image (the apex of the shell) to the bottom (the siphonal canal) The columella (meaning "little column") or (in older texts) pillar is a central anatomical feature of a coiled snail shell, a gastropod shell. The columella is often only clearly visible as a structure when the shell is broken, sliced in half vertically, or viewed as an X-ray image. The columella runs from the apex of the shell to the midpoint of the undersurface of the shell, or the tip of the siphonal canal in those shells which have a siphonal canal. If a snail shell is visualized as a cone of shelly material which is wrapped around a central axis, then the columella more or less coincides spatially with the central axis of the shell.

Shell of marine snail Lunella torquata with the calcareous operculum in place Gastropod shell of the freshwater snail Viviparus contectus with corneous operculum in place The operculum (plural: opercula or operculums), meaning little lid, is a corneous or calcareous anatomical structure like a trapdoor which exists in many (but not all) groups of sea snails and freshwater snails, and also in a few groups of land snails; the structure is found in some marine and freshwater gastropods, and in a minority of terrestrial gastropods, including the families Helicinidae, Cyclophoridae, Aciculidae, Maizaniidae, Pomatiidae, etc. The operculum is attached to the upper surface of the foot and in its most complete state, it serves as a sort of "trapdoor" to close the aperture of the shell when the soft parts of the animal are retracted. The shape of the operculum varies greatly from one family of gastropods to another. It is fairly often circular, or more or less oval in shape.

The shell of the sea snail Buccinum undatum (here shown live) is favoured by C. parasitic when the empty shell is pagurized (inhabited by a hermit crab) Although Calliactis parasitica will occasionally attach to stones or empty shells, it is typically found on a gastropod shell inhabited by a hermit crab, and several individuals may live on the same shell. In the British Isles, the hermit crab is usually Pagurus bernhardus, but other species may be associated with C. parasitica in other parts of its range. C. parasitica is thought to use a chemical signal to detect its favoured shell, that of the whelk Buccinum undatum, because it has been observed in aquaria to mount the shell of a living B. undatum, although the whelk ensures that the sea anemone does not remain there. The hermit crab Pagurus bernhardus is a common symbiont of C. parasitica Calliactis parasitica can survive without the hermit crab, and the hermit crab can survive without C. parasitica, but they associate with each other to their mutual benefit; this is known as mutualism.