The proximity of Lake Ladoga was one of the main reasons for the company's decision to establish its distillery in Saint Petersburg. The lake's underground sources provide one of the softest waters naturally available. The product is then filtered four times through charcoal. Platinum receives two more filtrations through silver and Imperia two more filtrations through quartz from the Ural Mountains.
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Spectral sequences can be constructed by various ways. In algebraic topology, an exact couple is perhaps the most common tool for the construction. In algebraic geometry, spectral sequences are usually constructed from filtrations of cochain complexes.
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This work was the subject of a talk in the Bourbaki seminar. Prasad has worked on the representation theory of reductive p-adic groups with Allen Moy. The filtrations of parahoric subgroups, referred to as the "Moy-Prasad filtration", is widely used in representation theory and harmonic analysis. Moy and Prasad used these filtrations and Bruhat–Tits theory to prove the existence of "unrefined minimal K-types", to define the notion of "depth" of an irreducible admissible representation and to give a classification of representations of depth zero, see [8] and [9].
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The white and rosé wines, on the other hand, are immediately filtered after the first fermentation to maintain freshness and to avoid bacteria growth. Until the wines are bottled, they remain in barrels (to avoid exposure to sunlight and air), except for periodic filtrations to improve clarity.
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Note that similar to Hodge structures, mixed Hodge structures use a filtration instead of a direct sum decomposition since the cohomology groups with anti- holomorphic terms, H^{p,q} where q > 0, don't vary holomorphically. But, the filtrations can vary holomorphically, giving a better defined structure.
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Given a ring R and an R-module M, an ascending filtration of M is an increasing sequence of submodules M_n. In particular, if R is a field, then an ascending filtration of the R-vector space M is an increasing sequence of vector subspaces of M. Flags are one important class of such filtrations.
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Crystal Head Vodka is a brand of vodkas manufactured by Globefill Inc. in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It was conceived and founded by actor Dan Aykroyd and artist John Alexander in 2007. The blends are quadruple-distilled and seven times filtered, with the final 3 filtrations through Herkimer diamond crystals, which are actually a type of double-terminated quartz rather than diamond.
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Scott circulated the incomplete monograph amongst colleagues, introducing a number of important techniques in the semantics of model theory, most importantly presenting a refinement of canonical model that became standard, and introducing the technique of constructing models through filtrations, both of which are core concepts in modern Kripke semantics (Blackburn, de Rijke, and Venema, 2001). Scott eventually published the work as An Introduction to Modal Logic (Lemmon & Scott, 1977).
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Processes could involve techniques for chemical reactions, precipitations, filtrations and dissolutions. Determination of the concentrations of known impurities in a known inorganic substance such as molten iron could be done in under thirty minutes. The determination of complex organic structures such as chlorophyll using wet and dry methods could take decades. Spectroscopic methods for observing the absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the visible spectrum were known as early as the 1860s.
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Another disadvantage of GPC for polymers is that filtrations must be performed before using the instrument to prevent dust and other particulates from ruining the columns and interfering with the detectors. Although useful for protecting the instrument, there is the possibility of the pre-filtration of the sample removing higher molecular weight sample before it can be loaded on the column. Another possibility to overcome these issues is the separation by field-flow fractionation (FFF).
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In mathematics, specifically group theory, a subgroup series is a chain of subgroups: :1 = A_0 \leq A_1 \leq \cdots \leq A_n = G. Subgroup series can simplify the study of a group to the study of simpler subgroups and their relations, and several subgroup series can be invariantly defined and are important invariants of groups. A subgroup series is used in the subgroup method. Subgroup series are a special example of the use of filtrations in abstract algebra.
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Early on he worked for clients such as Roger Charity, Mark LeBon and Eamon McCabe, producing creative prints that utilized different filtrations to the norm. Pope is credited with being the first printer to use the technique of “painting with light” on black and white Polapan transparencies to produce complex color prints. Matchless Prints moved to Bloomsbury in 1990 and in 2001 Pope opened another Matchless Prints studio in Milan. In 2006 Pope opened Steidlville London, the first showcase bookstore for publisher, Steidl.
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In mathematics, especially in the area of algebraic topology known as stable homotopy theory, the Adams filtration and the Adams–Novikov filtration allow a stable homotopy group to be understood as built from layers, the nth layer containing just those maps which require at most n auxiliary spaces in order to be a composition of homologically trivial maps. These filtrations, named after Frank Adams and Sergei Novikov, are of particular interest because the Adams (–Novikov) spectral sequence converges to them.
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In probability theory, the martingale representation theorem states that a random variable that is measurable with respect to the filtration generated by a Brownian motion can be written in terms of an Itô integral with respect to this Brownian motion. The theorem only asserts the existence of the representation and does not help to find it explicitly; it is possible in many cases to determine the form of the representation using Malliavin calculus. Similar theorems also exist for martingales on filtrations induced by jump processes, for example, by Markov chains.
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In 2014 Minsur had plans to develop the lower deposits, thought to be the largest undeveloped tin mine in the world with deposits estimated at 420,000t. In 2014 the Pitinga mine produced 5,532 tonnes of tin-in-concentrate, and 3,256 tonnes in the first half of 2015. Net costs per tonne of tin in 2015 were US$14,481, allowing for revenues from co-production of tantalum and niobium. At the start of August 2015 water filtrations were found in the dyke of the hydroelectric plant away that supplies power to the plant, and operations had to slow down while repairs were made.
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For example, it is impossible to separate the constituents of azeotropic liquids or solutes which form isomorphic crystals by distillation or recrystallization but such separations can be achieved using membrane technology. Depending on the type of membrane, the selective separation of certain individual substances or substance mixtures is possible. Important technical applications include the production of drinking water by reverse osmosis (worldwide approximately 7 million cubic metres annually), filtrations in the food industry, the recovery of organic vapours such as petro-chemical vapour recovery and the electrolysis for chlorine production. In waste water treatment, membrane technology is becoming increasingly important.
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Buchstaber's first research work was in cobordism theory. He calculated the differential in the Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence in K-theory and complex cobordism theory, constructed Chern-Dold characters and the universal Todd genus in cobordism, and gave an alternative effective solution of the Milnor-Hirzebruch problem. He went on to develop a theory of double-valued formal groups that led to the calculation of cobordism rings of complex manifolds having symplectic coverings and to the explicit construction of what are now known as Buchstaber manifolds. He devised filtrations in Hopf algebras and the Buchstaber spectral sequence, which were successfully applied to the calculation of stable homotopy groups of spheres.
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In mathematics, the Moy–Prasad filtration is a family of filtrations of p-adic reductive groups and their Lie algebras, named after Allen Moy and Gopal Prasad. The family is parameterized by the Bruhat–Tits building; that is, each point of the building gives a different filtration. Alternatively, since the initial term in each filtration at a point of the building is the parahoric subgroup for that point, the Moy–Prasad filtration can be viewed as a filtration of a parahoric subgroup of a reductive group. The chief application of the Moy–Prasad filtration is to the representation theory of p-adic groups, where it can be used to define a certain real number called the depth of a representation.
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In mathematical representation theory, a good filtration is a filtration of a representation of a reductive algebraic group G such that the subquotients are isomorphic to the spaces of sections F(λ) of line bundles λ over G/B for a Borel subgroup B. In characteristic 0 this is automatically true as the irreducible modules are all of the form F(λ), but this is not usually true in positive characteristic. showed that the tensor product of two modules F(λ)⊗F(μ) has a good filtration, completing the results of who proved it in most cases and who proved it in large characteristic. showed that the existence of good filtrations for these tensor products also follows from standard monomial theory.
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Deforestation and water diversion for irrigation led to the desiccation of Lake Valencia by dramatically reducing water levels. Lake Valencia is where Humboldt developed his conception of anthropogenic climate change. He later wrote: > When forests are destroyed, as they are everywhere in America by the > European planters, with an imprudent precipitation, the springs are entirely > dried up, or become less abundant, The beds of the rivers remaining dry > during a part of the year, are converted into torrents, whenever great rains > fall on the heights. The sward and moss disappearing from the brush-wood on > the sides of the mountains, the waters falling in rain are no longer impeded > in their course: and instead of slowly augmenting the level of the rivers by > progressive filtrations, they furrow during heavy showers the sides of the > hills, bear down the loose soil, and form those sudden inundations that > devastate the country.
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