This disparity entrenches Harvard's retrograde tradition of privileges for men.
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"Why, because it entrenches us more?" the other allegedly replied.
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Education both reflects and entrenches the inequalities in South African society.
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The 2018 race entrenches them all the way down the ticket.
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It also further entrenches the prison-industrial complex in our society.
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The country's education system, which separates academic and vocational streams, entrenches inequality.
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It further entrenches the mandatory two-earner model we are moving toward.
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Yet, it's The Matrix that entrenches itself deeper within biblical mythology than most.
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It turns people of color into tokens and entrenches whiteness as the default.
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Prisoner warehousing foments violence, entrenches criminal thinking, and gives gangs a recruiting field day.
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Every action he takes exacerbates and entrenches the humanitarian crisis at our nation's feet.
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Bill entrenches secrecy around Australia's asylum seeker regime CNN's Zahra Ullah contributed to this report.
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Compulsory voting clearly increases participation, but the data is mixed on whether it entrenches partisanship.
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It actually entrenches this overarching trend of the loss of the middle-class in the region.
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The caste system entrenches a sense of ownership and superiority in those further up the social ladder.
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The vote further entrenches Mr. el-Sisi's authoritarian rule and enshrines the military's dominance over the country.
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It also entrenches bureaucrats who are not answerable to the people in the way representatives and senators are.
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The extension further entrenches Winfrey into food, which includes an investment in True Food Kitchen and prepared meals.
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Elites can spearhead social and political reform, but it is mass behaviour that ultimately entrenches norms, values and practices.
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Evan made a really important point that we feel deeply, too, which is regulation often, actually, entrenches big companies.
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LaCour's research was so impressive because it contradicted evidence that trying to change people's beliefs just entrenches them more.
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Every one of these deaths is not only tragic in itself, but also further poisons relations and entrenches opinions.
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Its plan to combine Instagram, WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger entrenches its monopoly power, and the F.T.C. should step in.
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A campaign to reject the constitution because it entrenches Communism was launched on social media by dissidents and exiles.
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In the long run, U.S. policymakers may consider the cost worth it if the economic war entrenches superiority over China.
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THE ONE THING THAT SHERYL SAID – I THINK IS WORTH POINTING OUT IS, SHE SAID FREQUENTLY REGULATION ENTRENCHES LARGE COMPANIES.
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The party has set up a parliamentary committee to discuss amending the 2008 constitution that entrenches the power of the military.
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"22, a Million" is what happens when a performer who craved interiority re-entrenches after finding a spotlight he couldn't shake.
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And it entrenches in legally-binding form the commitments made in the exchange of letters with Presidents Tusk and Juncker in January.
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That has helped the coca trade that entrenches inequality and violence—and drives the demand for pricey Scotch—down on the coast.
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"It is critical that we do not create a regulatory environment that entrenches big tech corporations," Rubio said in a statement to Axios.
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The result is a seriously flawed report that entrenches the skewed perspective long dominant in policy circles and the media in the West.
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And the Facebook Login platform entrenches the core Facebook app as something people need even if they're not addicted to the News Feed.
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What he's saying: "It is critical that we do not create a regulatory environment that entrenches big tech corporations," Rubio said in a statement.
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The Writers' Union issued an apology for an article that its Equity Task Force claimed "re-entrenches the deeply racist assumptions" held about art.
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The activists demand a switch to fully proportional representation from a system that includes single-seat constituencies, which they say entrenches ruling party candidates.
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That potentially complicates the military's plans for an election even with a new constitution that entrenches the power of the generals for years to come.
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Israel has declared Jerusalem its "undivided capital," effectively annexing its eastern half, and has built up construction that entrenches Israeli control of the city. 3.
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The ruling gives a green light to state lawmakers across the country to redraw their legislative maps in whatever manner best entrenches their own party's power.
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Notably, creating high barriers to new services only further entrenches the few social media and data companies with established services, large data sets and financial cushions.
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It has more chance of making its influence felt at an enlarged Disney than at Comcast, where a dual share structure firmly entrenches the Roberts family.
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Rather than threatening military force, the Trump administration can simply act to close off lending to Venezuela to pressure Maduro before he further entrenches his dictatorship.
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The new law, signed in August, entrenches and in places tightens the sanctions of 2014, which have cut off Russian firms from most Western sources of financing.
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Bridge is an immediate solution that doesn't solve — and some ways entrenches — a deeper, long-term problem, which is Liberia's inability to run a public education system.
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The more Israel entrenches itself in the West Bank, the more its "temporary" military occupation looks like the permanent subjugation of Palestinians under a separate law, even apartheid.
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Chinese President Xi Jinping has also increasingly embraced militaristic nationalism as he entrenches his power – but if war should actually come, both countries sees themselves in rather different confrontations.
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The junta that seized power in a May 2014 coup has already threatened to jail anyone campaigning for or against the constitution, which critics say entrenches the military's political influence.
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There are ways to prevent at least some of this, but the more the internet entrenches itself in our lives, the more difficult and time-consuming it is to opt out.
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Iran and Iraq are disruptive powers intent on challenging the status quo, with less interest in an agreement that entrenches current production baselines and restricts their ambitions to grow future oil output.
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Is it worth removing a president you dislike — maybe even a dangerous president — if the process effectively entrenches the intelligence community as another branch of the government, beyond J. Edgar Hoover's wildest dreams?
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Human rights experts said the reported barring of activists contradicted the spirit of the 2015 Paris Agreement on global warming which entrenches the principle of public participation in action to combat global warming.
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The lack of a clear definition of sexual harassment, or an agreed upon standard for addressing complaints, entrenches a "culture of silence", according to the Beijing Yuanzhong Gender Development Center, a non-profit.
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But it raises new questions: Why, for example, should the Electoral College's opponents settle for a half-measure that entrenches a flawed system instead of marshaling their energy to scrap the system entirely?
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Now, the referendum result may have revealed the futility of expecting to engage with an elected government in Bangkok, since the draft constitution entrenches the military government's power for at least another six years.
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The underlying logic behind the Sherman amendment to elevate India under the Arms Export Control Act is that America needs to bolster its relationship with India as China entrenches its power in the Indo-Pacific.
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"The Copyright Directive entrenches the power of dominant internet platforms, which are the only ones that can afford the automatic copyright filter," Gus Rossi, global policy director of US nonprofit Public Knowledge, tells The Verge.
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In brief, it entrenches chronically low wages in a region and, in the process, undermines the objective of a robust minimum wage, which is to help create the conditions for broad prosperity from the bottom up.
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U.S. private equity investor KKR on Wednesday offered a 40% premium to buy out minority investors in Axel Springer in a deal that entrenches the influence of the main shareholders at the publishers of Germany's Bild newspaper.
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Fitch notes that the strategy also results in good opportunities for client referrals for both deposit and loan products, which further entrenches FRC's strategic advantage within the industry as the residential lender of choice for the affluent.
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As VMware entrenches itself in the cloud, Gelsinger wants to pivot the company to fully embrace a subscription-based billing model, likening it to Microsoft's increased focus on software-as-a-service like the Office 365 suite.
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Jung and Baeck believe marriage entrenches old-fashioned gender roles, with South Korean women spending four times longer on unpaid care - cleaning, cooking and looking after children or elderly parents - than their husbands, according to U.N. data.
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The land, on the edge of the commercial capital, is owned by Myanma Economic Holdings Limited (MEHL), a sprawling military-owned conglomerate that entrenches the armed forces' grip over swathes of one of Southeast Asia's fastest-growing economies.
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As Israel entrenches itself deeper into all of Jerusalem (Netanyahu was not unaware of the reverberations of his final lines at Monday's ceremony: "God bless Jerusalem, the eternal, undivided capital of Israel"), any future withdrawal becomes more fraught.
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FRANKFURT (Reuters) - U.S. private equity investor KKR on Wednesday offered a 40% premium to buy out minority investors in Axel Springer in a deal that entrenches the influence of the main shareholders at the publishers of Germany's Bild newspaper.
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Malcolm's gift doesn't bring him out of his class position; it entrenches it: in the show's finale he gets accepted into Harvard but can only afford the tuition fees by working as the university's janitor at the same time.
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"Arresting young sex workers entrenches their vulnerability, while at the same time reducing the likelihood that they'll report to the police if they are attacked," says Alex Feis-Bryce of the National Ugly Mugs (NUM), an organization that helps sex workers stay safe.
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Either thousands or hundreds of years later, Americans seem likewise unable to agree on whether Valentine's Day is a hallowed celebration, a marketing scam that entrenches the hegemony of the nuclear family or just a harmless convention that everyone needs to calm down about.
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Additionally, while the NIH further entrenches itself, the Food and Drug Administration has taken steps to more closely scrutinize primate testing, including ending a nicotine addiction study on squirrel monkeys after criticism from Congress, White Coat Waste Project, countless advocates, and, scientists including Dr. Jane Goodall.
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Critics say the bill re-entrenches the tribal boundaries and leadership structures created by the apartheid regime, which dumped many black people in "Bantustans", semi-autonomous homelands created to maintain the fiction that blacks did not need the vote because they were governed by a tribal chief, even if they barely knew him.
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Read: Border Force Act entrenches secrecy around Australia's asylum seeker regime "The dehumanization of the asylum seekers by Minister Dutton and others referring to these people as 'illegals', combined with cloaking them in secrecy in offshore processing, has made it more difficult for the Australian public to identify with these people," Owler said.
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If he resigns now, for this reason, it entrenches a norm that, at least when it's publicly revealed, sheltering abusers and protecting them from any repercussions is a fireable offense, that the top job in the White House cannot go to someone who the entire public knows failed to protect victims of abuse.
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But on the other hand, these politicians were tricked into appearing on the record as themselves, in a way that further perpetuates and entrenches not only the cultural ideological divide, but the idea among conservatives that "liberal" media, including entertainment media like Baron Cohen's production, is a constant and perpetual trap to be distrusted at all costs.
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As America entrenches its plutocracy and as income and wealth are shifted ever more to the very richest while labor laws and safety regulations are repealed or not enforced, the U.S. comes to resemble the sharply divided societies in Mexico and other Latin American countries in which the poor are treated as so much cannon fodder.
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But the deeper the Democratic Party entrenches itself as a party of the rich—the more tangled up it gets in the influence of people who would drop tens of thousands of dollars on eating terrible steak in the presence of the next president—then the further the party will stray from the big, structural change Warren claims to want.
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It is so aggressively non-totalizing that it stops itself from fully exploring the boldness of its potential claims, settling, instead, for a model of "twitchy, agitated interpassivity" — that all-too-familiar digital-age affect remarked upon by Mark Fisher, a mirror image of the schizophrenic technological landscape it sets out to critique which further entrenches "reflexive impotence" as the only available response.
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Kamala HarrisKamala Devi HarrisHarry Reid: 'Decriminalizing border crossings is not something that should be at the top of the list' Warren offers plan to repeal 1994 crime law authored by Biden Sanders leads Democratic field in Colorado poll MORE (D-Calif.), another front-runner in the polls, has largely escaped scrutiny from Trump, but that could change as she entrenches herself among the top tier of candidates.
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The MPRDA entrenches state power and control over the mineral and petroleum resources of the country.
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Tadic, Tadija. "The Globalization Debate: The Sceptics." PANOECONOMICUS (2006): 179-90. Print. This further entrenches the position of the triad, and prevents the growth of the rest of the world.
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They argue that capitalism is incapable of overcoming sectarianism. The Socialist Party take a critical view of the Good Friday Agreement and other subsequent initiatives, claiming it further entrenches and institutionalises sectarianism and doesn't work towards solving the fundamental causes of the conflict.
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Evidence also suggests that depictions can have serious consequences. Television, according to a study done by Signorielli in 1990, entrenches the cognitive schema in children that women are happy when they are doing traditional gender roles like staying home to raise children and that men are more ambitious than women are.
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One of the complaints of Critical Mass is that the Bolte Bridge makes no provision for cycle access, whilst more broadly it further entrenches car and oil dependency. According to a police spokeswoman about 300 cyclists took part in the ride, forcing the closure of northbound lanes on the Bolte Bridge for about 25 minutes shortly after 7 pm.
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Authorities have also responded to the movement with the launch of an education campaign on the "socialist concept of rule of law," which reasserts the role of the Communist Party and the primacy of political considerations in the legal profession, and with the Three Supremes, which entrenches the supremacy of the Communist Party in the judicial process.
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Guaidó tweeted "they're trying to hold the legislative power hostage while the dictator entrenches himself alone in a palace where he shouldn't be". The next day, media outlets were prevented from covering the parliamentary session. The security forces threatened reporters with detention if they did not clear out the vicinity of the parliament. The access to media outlets to congress was blocked again on 21< and on 28 May.
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Since March 2012, Stiglitz has been a member of the Scottish Government's Fiscal Commission Working Group, which oversees the work to establish a fiscal and macro economic framework for an independent Scotland on behalf of the Scottish Council of Economic Advisers. Together with Professors Andrew Hughes Hallett, Sir James Mirrlees and Frances Ruane, Stiglitz will "advise on the establishment of a credible Fiscal Commission which entrenches financial responsibility and ensures market confidence".
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Following the promulgation of the constitution of Kenya (in 2010), which entrenches devolution, there were calls from several quarters in Baringo County for Cheboi to vie for governorship. As required by law, Cheboi resigned from HELB in September 2013 to run for office. He chose to vie on a URP ticket. In the party primaries of 17 January 2013, Cheboi trounced his sole opponent, Kiprono Chelugui in five out of Baringo County’s six constituencies.
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800 pp. While similar in general appearance, the mechanism behind the formation of interlocking spurs is different from that behind meanders, which arise out of a combination of lateral erosion and deposition. Interlocking spurs are formed as either a river or stream cuts its valley into local bedrock. As it entrenches its valley, it preferentially follows and erodes zones of weaknesses within the bedrock that typically consist of intersecting sets of joints.
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Under Scots law, acceptance is not necessary to be vested in a right of action, but is necessary to be liable. Before acceptance, however, the ius quaesitum tertio is tenuous so that acceptance of a benefit does not create a right, but rather entrenches that right. In either case, the contracting parties may vary or rescind the contract until acceptance or reliance.Philip Sutherland, "Third-Party Contracts", European Contract Law: Scots and South African Perspectives, eds.
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It is opposed to the Good Friday Agreement because it believes that it usurps Irish sovereignty and entrenches Partition. RNU opposes the PSNI, which it sees as an extension of the old RUC and the first stage of protection of an illegal state. A number of commentators viewed RNU as the political wing of Óglaigh na hÉireann, until that organisation called a ceasefire in January 2018, although this was rejected by RNU. A number of prominent republicans lead RNU.
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As Paul's soldiers attack the conspirators, others set off an atomic weapon called a stone burner, purchased from the Tleilaxu, that destroys the area and blinds Paul. By tradition, all blind Fremen exile themselves in the desert. But Paul shocks the Fremen and entrenches his godhood by proving he can still see, even without eyes. His oracular powers have become so developed that he can foresee in his mind everything that happens, as though his eyes still function.
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Uneven transitions lend themselves to differential growth rates between contending groups. These changes are in turn, magnified by democratization, which entrenches majority rule and privileges the power of numbers in politics as never before. Indeed, in many new democracies riven by ethnic and religious conflicts, elections are akin to censuses while groups seek to 'win the census'. Ethnic parties struggle to increase their constituencies through pronatalism ('wombfare'), oppose family planning, and contest census and election results.
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Thailand has had long standing racial issues with Middle Easterners, who collectively are also called khaek, meaning "foreigner" or "guest". "There is some debate as to whether the meaning of foreigner / visitor entrenches prejudices against Malay Muslims and Muslims more generally". The condemnation of the 2014 Thai coup d'état by countries such as the US and Australia have given rise to an "anti- foreigner sentiment" with those Thais who are in favor of the coup. In March 2012, Ombudsman Prof.
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The International Resource Privilege is the power to transfer ownership or freely dispose of the natural resources of a country by the authority that countries give to the current leadership or government of that country. The resource privilege exists regardless of how the rulers came to power. While bribery is often illegal, the purchase of these resources by payment to the current government in control is legal. Corrupt leaders sell these resources to generate revenue which entrenches the corrupt government and incentivizing the seizure of power itself.
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The Benguela Current Commission, or BCC, is a multi-sectoral inter- governmental, initiative of Angola, Namibia and South Africa. It promotes the sustainable management and protection of the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem, or BCLME. The BCC was established in January 2007 through the signing of an Interim Agreement between the governments of Angola, Namibia and South Africa. Then, on 18 March 2013, the three governments signed the Benguela Current Convention, an environmental treaty that entrenches the Benguela Current Commission as a permanent inter-governmental organization.
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As the federal constitution entrenches a right of due process, the United States usually applies strict liability to only the most minor crimes or infractions. One example is a parking violation, where the state only needs to show that the defendant's vehicle was parked inappropriately at a certain curb. Serious crimes like rape and murder usually require some showing of culpability or mens rea. Otherwise, every accidental death, even during medical treatment in good faith, could become grounds for a murder prosecution and a prison sentence.
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On 15 February, Syrian state television announced that the government will hold a referendum on a new constitution on 26 February 2012, in an attempt to end the eleven-month conflict. One of the amendments in the draft would replace the old article 8, which entrenches the power of the Ba'ath party, with a new article reading: The state's political system is based on political pluralism and power is practiced democratically through voting. Parliamentary elections were held within 90 days after ratification of the new constitution.
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UN Women - Unpaid-work Time use surveys show that women spend far more time doing unpaid work than men. With women spending more time providing unpaid domestic work than men, women are also spending less time in the workforce and, therefore, bringing in lower incomes to the household. Because women are traditionally believed to bring in less income than men, women are discouraged from investing in education and skills. This further entrenches women into domestic unpaid work, creating a cycle of social norms that is difficult to break and exacerbates gender inequality.
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Section 34 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is the last section of Canada's Charter of Rights, which is entrenched in the Constitution Act, 1982. Section 34 provides guidance for the legal citation of the Charter. The section has been interpreted by Canadian writers, who have analyzed both its intention and its meaning. Because the section affirms the name of the Charter and thus entrenches it in the Constitution Act, it came into focus in 1994 when a Member of Parliament (MP) proposed to change the name of the Charter.
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The Hong Kong courts observed that reviewing legislation is possible because the legislature in Hong Kong is not, unlike its UK counterpart, supreme. Article 39 of the Basic Law entrenches the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) as a core constitutional document for Hong Kong. No legal restrictions on the rights and freedoms of Hong Kong residents may contravene the ICCPR as applied to Hong Kong. The ICCPR applies to Hong Kong primarily through the Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance (BORO), which was enacted in 1991.
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While he tells Flynn he has no intention of helping her, Provenza pretty quickly proves he cares nothing about politics in the pursuit of a killer. By the end of the first season Provenza firmly entrenches himself as Chief Johnson's loyal second in command even going as far as to organize Priority Homicide to thwart Captain Taylor's personally motivated "conduct unbecoming" complaint against Chief Johnson. Provenza is injured during a shooting incident in the murder room in the second season. He and Johnson are both put on leave following the incident.
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However, residents in poor urban areas such as slums and informal settlements suffer "disproportionately from disease, injury, premature death, and the combination of ill-health and poverty entrenches disadvantage over time." Many of the urban poor have difficulty accessing health services due to their inability to pay for them; so they resort to less qualified and unregulated providers. While urbanization is associated with improvements in public hygiene, sanitation and access to health care, it also entails changes in occupational, dietary, and exercise patterns. It can have mixed effects on health patterns, alleviating some problems, and accentuating others.
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As individuals become more involved with radical activities, their social circles become more constrained, which diminishes contact with non-radicalized persons and further entrenches radicalized thinking. For example, when a young man spends several years in a Yeshiva in order to establish himself within a Haredi community, he foregoes future earnings that would be accessible should he choose a secular education. To quote Berman “As consumption opportunities are limited, work for pay becomes less appealing, freeing up even more time for community activities.” This sunk cost figures into future calculations, and raises the defection constraint in a way that non-radicalized group dynamics cannot.
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In the annual Ashley Kriel Memorial Youth Lecture, he suggested that the ANC was well down the slippery slope of ethnic preferences and "had brought back the hated system of racial categorization."ANC entrenches racism – Boesak News24Allan Boesak – reflections twenty-five years after the launch of the UDF Africafiles In December 2008 he left the ANC to join the Congress of the People Party. In reaction, the ANC leaked a memorandum written by Boesak, detailing how he had discussed different roles he could play to help the organisation and stating that his preferred choice was the post of South African ambassador to the United Nations.ANC refusal to clear Boesak's name pushed him to join Cope.
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Section 16.1 makes reference to a need for institutions for both language groups, including educational institutions, and it seemingly gives the provincial government powers to protect the right.Deborah Coyne, "New Brunswick amendment has fundamental flaw," The Gazette, Montreal, Quebec: January 13, 1993. pg. B.3. This is not completely revolutionary in that this merely entrenches laws already found in An Act Recognizing the Equality of the Two Official Linguistic Communities in New Brunswick (1981), as noted in the 2001 Court of Appeal case Charlebois v. Mowat. The section can be seen as providing "collective rights," and one critic charged that a deeper meaning to the section would have to be decided by Canadian courts.
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The South African Constitution entrenches the principle of legality. Its preamble states that South Africa is founded on the supremacy of the Constitution and the rule of law.s 1(c). The Bill of Rights, meanwhile, provides that "every accused person has a right to a fair trial, which includes the right: # "not to be convicted for an act or omission that was not an offence under either national or international law at the time it was committed or omitted; [and] # "to the benefit of the least severe of the prescribed punishments if the prescribed punishment for the offence has been changed between the time that the offence was committed and the time of sentencing."s 35(3).
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Young argues this further entrenches the discontinuity a woman has with her own body, as she fears that being outwardly direct will be perceived as an invitation to be objectified. She writes, "The woman lives her space as confined and enclosed around her at least in part as projecting some small area in which she can exist as a free subject." While Young contends she has drawn sufficient conclusions on the modalities of feminine mobility, she introduces several questions that her paper raises. She questions how women perform differently than men in activities that do not require full-body movement, and in activities that do not have a clear goal, such as sex or dancing.
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Critics disagree with the government's justifications for introducing the GRC scheme, noting that the proportion of minority MPs per GRC has decreased with the advent of five-member and six-member GRCs. By having teams of candidates standing for election for GRCs helmed by senior politicians, the ruling People's Action Party has also used GRCs as a means for bringing first-time candidates into Parliament. Moreover, the GRC scheme is also said to disadvantage opposition parties because it is more difficult for them to find enough candidates to contest GRCs. Furthermore, it is said that the GRC scheme means that electors have unequal voting power, weakens the relationship between electors and MPs, and entrenches racialism in Singapore politics.
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As a result, the effect is similar to what Teppo and Millstein coins as the pursuit to moralize the narrative to legitimize the benefit to all people. This concurrently created an effect where Visser and Kotze conclude that the perceived gentrification was only the fact that the target market was people commonly associated with gentrification. As Visser and Kotze states, "It appears as if apartheid red-lining on racial grounds has been replaced by a financially exclusive property market that entrenches prosperity and privilege." Generally, Atkinson observes that when looking at scholarly discourse for the gentrification and rapid urbanization of South Africa, the main focus is not on the smaller towns of South Africa.
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The delegation must not be so broad or vague, however, that the authority to whom the power is delegated is unable to determine the nature and the scope of the powers conferred, as this would lead to arbitrary exercise of delegated powers. On the principle of legality, the court held that constitutional democracy is founded on the values of the supremacy of the Constitution and the rule of law; any law or conduct inconsistent with it is invalid. The exercise of public power must therefore comply with the Constitution, which is the supreme law, and with the doctrine of legality, which is part of that law. The Constitution entrenches the principle of legality and provides the foundation for the control of public power.
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Many sex workers' rights organizations, however, argue that the new law entrenches and maintains harm against sex workers since sex workers are still committing a crime, albeit there is an immunity from arrest for material benefits and advertising. The new laws came in response to the Canada (AG) v Bedford ruling of the Supreme Court of Canada, which found to be unconstitutional the laws prohibiting brothels, public communication for the purpose of prostitution and living on the profits of prostitution. The ruling gave the Canadian parliament 12 months to rewrite the prostitution laws with a stay of effect so that the current laws remain in force. Amending legislation came into effect on December 6, 2014, which made the purchase of sexual services illegal.
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According to Carothers & O'Donohue (2019), pernicious polarization is a process most often driven by a single political cleavage dominating an otherwise pluralistic political life, overriding other cleavages. On the other hand, Slater & Arugay (2019) have argued that it's not the depth of a single social cleavage, but the political elite's process for removing a leader which best explains whether or not polarization truly becomes pernicious. Lebas & Munemo (2019) have argued pernicious polarization is marked by both deeper societal penetration and segregation than other forms of political polarization, making it less amenable to resolution. It is agreed, however, that pernicious polarization reinforces and entrenches itself, dragging the country into a downward spiral of anger and division for which there are no easy remedies.
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George Washington's inauguration as the first U.S. president, April 30, 1789, by Ramon de Elorriaga (1899) Section 1 begins with a vesting clause that confers federal executive power upon the president. Similar clauses are found in Article I and Article III; the former bestows federal legislative power exclusively to Congress, and the latter grants judicial power solely to the Supreme Court, and other federal courts established by law. These three articles together secure a separation of powers among the three branches of the federal government, and individually, each one entrenches checks and balances on the operation and power of the other two branches. Article I grants certain powers to Congress, and the Vesting Clause does not reassign those powers to the President.
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Many ex-UJFM staff members have gone on to achieve success on radio and on other various media platforms. UJFM 95.4 has transformed its on-air programming style and content, from a previously "Rock" music genre, to a commercial feel that includes an eclectic mix of music and talk that is pertinent to a primary target audience between the ages of 16 years and 28 years; reflecting the demographics of the UJ community and serving as an "info-tainment" portal. As the presence of UJFM firmly entrenches itself amongst the 4 campuses of UJ, the voice of UJFM strives to serve as a platform for healthy engagement amongst its community. In April 2010, UJFM 95.4 moved into its new studios located at the Bunting Road Campus allowing for a professional radio broadcast environment.
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"The record" includes documents that initiate proceedings, pleadings of the parties, ultimate order in the proceedings etc.. However, it does not include transcripts of proceedings, exhibits, or the reasons given for decisions, unless the tribunal chooses to incorporate reasons. Mandamus is granted by a superior court to command the fulfilment of a duty of a public nature that remains unperformed and for which no other specific legal remedy is available.. The main statutory remedies are those available at the federal level under the Administrative Decisions (Judicial Review) Act 1977 (Cth), or under similar judicial review legislation at the State level in Victoria, Queensland, Tasmania, and the Australian Capital Territory. ' s 75(v) of the Constitution entrenches the jurisdiction of the High Court in relation to matters where mandamus, prohibition and injunction are claimed against an officer of the Commonwealth.
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Over the past 40 years and particularly since the mid-1990s, Alliance's political philosophy has veered away from non-sectarian unionism towards a more liberal, neutral position on the question of either a united Ireland or continued Union with Great Britain. While the Good Friday Agreement has attempted to implement consociational power-sharing, Alliance continues to argue that such enforced coalition government in Northern Ireland entrenches division rather than providing a basis for overcoming it. The Alliance Party was founded on the back of efforts by the New Ulster Movement (NUM), which was established as a moderating influence upon the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP). After Irish nationalist politicians withdrew their role as official Opposition at Stormont, and the resignation of UUP Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Terence O'Neill in 1969, the NUM split between those who wished to remain a pressure group for the UUP and those who saw reform only through the establishment of a new political party.
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It also refuses to recognise the validity of the Good Friday Agreement as it argues that the referendum on the agreement did not offer the people of Ireland the choice of living in a united Ireland, and that the referendum was invalid since separate polls were held in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. It also opposes the Northern Ireland Assembly as it believes that this further entrenches British presence in Ireland, and that "those nationalists who took their seats in the new Stormont" were "guilty of treachery to the Irish Republic". Republican Sinn Féin does not consider the Defence Forces (descended from the pro-Treaty National Army of the Irish Civil War) to be the armed forces of the Irish Republic, rather it claims that the Irish Republican Army is the only organisation that has the right to the title of the Óglaigh na hÉireann. This includes in succession; the Irish Republican Army (1917–22), the Irish Republican Army (1922–69), the Provisional Irish Republican Army (1969–86) and since then the Continuity Irish Republican Army.
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As Article 39A of the Constitution states, the GRC scheme entrenches the presence of minority MPs in Parliament, ensuring that interests of minority communities are represented in Parliament.The Constitution, Art. 39A(1), states: "The Legislature may, in order to ensure the representation in Parliament of Members from the Malay, Indian and other minority communities, by law make provision for ... any constituency to be declared by the President, having regard to the number of electors in that constituency, as a group representation constituency to enable any election in that constituency to be held on a basis of a group of not less than 3 but not more than 6 candidates". Article 39A(1)(a) of the Constitution allows for a maximum number of six MPs for each GRC so as to provide flexibility in ensuring that a GRC with a rapidly expanding population is properly managed.. As the population of a constituency grows, it becomes increasingly difficult for an MP to singlehandedly represent all his or her constituents' views.
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