Electrons are electrons — there are no clean and dirty ones.
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They are the antimatter equivalent only of electrons, not of both electrons and photons.
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The electrons then knocked other electrons out of the sulphur atoms, leaving charged ions.
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The storm's strong electric fields accelerate electrons to high energies, producing more high-energy electrons.
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As the electrons curve through the magnetic fields, the electrons will emit high-energy gamma rays.
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For the electrons to move without altering the configuration of spins, the electrons must be aligned.
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During the process of nuclear fusion, atoms' electrons are separated from their nuclei thereby creating a super hot cloud of electrons and ions (the nuclei minus their electrons) known as plasma.
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Once they're moving, electrons knock more electrons out of more atoms, and it builds to a lightning bolt.
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When photons strike electrons in nature, the electrons emit their own photon as a result of the interaction.
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The machine accelerated electrons and positrons — the antimatter version of electrons — in opposite directions around a circular ring.
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Once they are generated and fed into the grid, "coal electrons" and "solar electrons" cannot be distinguished or tracked.
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These liberated electrons would in turn knock loose other electrons, creating cascades that would make the air electrically conductive.
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There's just one problem: not all electrons are accelerated equally, because electrons catch the plasma wave at different times.
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The oxidizing agents that have accepted electrons become free radicals if the unpaired electrons don't bind to other molecules.
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Here some of the electrons' energy is transferred to the bigger particles, sometimes shattering them, and the electrons are deflected.
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In the experiment, Umstadter and his colleagues suspended electrons in helium and then hit these individual electrons with the Diocles laser.
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It took years to design and build the enormous spectrometer that rejects unwanted electrons and precisely measures the resulting electrons' energies.
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Normally, these tiny magnetic fields would cancel out in paired electrons, but in elements like holmium, all those single electrons' fields line up.
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Surprisingly, beams of matter particles like electrons will also form this diffraction pattern, even if you send the electrons one at a time.
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These electrons hit a lead target, and out comes the EPB, a plasma that has equal amounts of electrons and positrons, their antimatter partners.
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As expected, the geomagnetic storm resulted in unstable patches of extra electrons in our planet's ionosphere (a high-altitude region containing both ions and electrons).
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Like the electrons, the Majorana quasiparticles would also slow, stop, and switch directions when a magnet was applied, but at half the rate of electrons.
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Unlike our planet, where polar aurora are triggered by accelerating electrons, the ones on Jupiter are sparked by electrons trapped in the planet's enormous magnetic field.
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They may not be your electrons, they may be third-party electrons and that drives kilowatt hour rates down because more volume over a fixed network.
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In terms of a cause, the scientists speculate the the electrons are recombining with positively charged ions to the point when excess electrons no longer exist.
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Similarly, the EIC bounces beams of electrons against its sample, protons or atomic nuclei, causing the electrons to scatter and the protons to blow to pieces.
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Electrons flow directly between the devices; whereas with induction, the electrons in a device begin producing electricity only when activated by an inductive charging unit's electromagnetic field.
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The experimental signature of the event is a barrage of x-rays and electrons resulting from other electrons orbiting the atom replacing the two absorbed by the nucleus.
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If you apply an electrical charge (a flow of extra electrons) to a material, its conductivity is determined by whether the highest energy band has room for more electrons.
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She is looking to identify five lines of infrared emissions that are created when electrons in the corona bump into charged particles in the plasma, potentially freeing other electrons.
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As described in a paper in the Annual Review of Biophysics, some molecules have an odd number of electrons, leaving some unpaired, making those electrons sensitive to external magnetic fields.
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Beta decay also makes neutrons spit out lower-energy electrons, but scientists were never quite sure if this process was responsible for the electrons in the Van Allen belt, specifically.
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Each vertex can accommodate two electrons of opposite spins, but the theorem assumes that it would require an infinite amount of energy for two electrons to occupy a single site.
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But starting around 0.9 tera-electron volt (TeV) electrons, those that have almost two million times the energy of everyday, lowest-energy electrons, DAMPE spotted hints of a mysterious drop-off.
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These electrons migrate into the electronics, which decide whether the hit was high enough energy to become a signal indicating a particle or if it was just random electrons causing noise.
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They suspected from the outset that electrons were to blame: Somehow, the researchers wrote, solar electrons were trading energy for heat when they bashed into the bow shock at supersonic speeds.
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In the strong case, intense or "discrete" aurora are produced by the acceleration of electrons within the magnetosphere, whereas in the weak case they're generated from the scattering of magnetically-trapped electrons.
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SWEAP (Solar Wind Electrons Alphas and Protons investigation) looks out to the side of the craft to watch the flows of electrons as they are affected by solar wind and other factors.
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Furthermore, she said as if she were an expert on this sort of thing, the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus also determines the ATOMIC NUMBER, because electrons are naturally very competitive.
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Compounds are created either by unpaired electrons from different atoms forming joint orbitals called covalent bonds, or by the complete transfer of unpaired electrons between atoms, to create paired orbitals in the recipients.
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This is a compound well known to shed high-energy electrons if hit by UV. When those electrons interact with water and molecular oxygen, they generate reactive groups of atoms called free-radicals.
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Each then has some number of electrons surrounding the nucleus.
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" But neither do electrons from coal; they are not "reliable.
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It should have a nucleus that is orbited by electrons.
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This changes where electrons are most likely to be located.
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Atoms, in turn, are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
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Yet as the hole moves, the electrons also move around.
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The electrons mostly followed the same patterns that researchers predicted.
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Others perform a similar trick using a beam of electrons.
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You are telling me what's inside that scatters the electrons.
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The partners of Geobacter welcome the incoming flow of electrons.
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Individual cytochromes are important for moving electrons around inside cells.
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If electrons were moving around, it would have been reflective.
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It doesn't affect the physical electrons flowing into their offices.
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Sandwiched between the two is a catalyst that splits the hydrogen atoms into electrons and protons, and a special membrane that selectively blocks the electrons but lets the protons pass through to the cathode.
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Leon Cooper, Dr. Pines's successor, used the Bardeen-Pines result to show how electrons pair up, and John Robert Schrieffer, a graduate student, figured out how the paired electrons fall into a superconducting state.
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Having even numbers of electrons (or the same number of electrons as protons) means the atoms that have a whole number spin value, a quantum mechanical property that can either assume half or integer values.
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In the material, as well as other semiconductors, electrons can be quickly heated by photons that hit them, but rapidly cool off by sharing the heat with nearby electrons as they collide with each other.
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The other sort is designed to conduct "holes", which are places in a semiconductor that might contain electrons but happen not to; these, as it turns out, behave as if they were positively charged electrons.
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That's because normal electrons are bad at this heat conversion process.
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This is the ease with which its atoms can shed electrons.
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It works by firing electrons at an object in a vacuum.
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And second, that beam of electrons tears biological material to shreds.
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But scientists don't need to use protons to accelerate the electrons.
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And between each band are gaps in which electrons can't flow.
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With quantum computing, you deliver information to electrons instead of microchips.
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Atoms typically have electrons orbiting their nuclei in specific energy levels.
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Elementary particles like electrons have a property called spin, for example.
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The heat pulse pushes electrons along the tube, creating a current.
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Running chips hot, and trickling electrons into them, slows them down.
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One is designed to conduct electrons, which carry a negative charge.
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Matter is made of many atoms, around which there are electrons.
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They need a steady stream of electrons to do their thing.
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There are three "flavors" of charged leptons: electrons, muons and taus.
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The panels would capture sunlight and generate a stream of electrons.
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Electrons, excited by the extra energy, get separated from their atoms.
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They are still paying for the electrons just like everyone else.
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Similarly electrons might not have definite properties, but they do exist.
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Every fermion, like quarks and electrons, would have a complimentary, heavier boson.
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Then there's 26p (three dumbbells at right angles), which holds six electrons.
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With cosmic rays bombarding Earth, electrons would essentially provide pathways for lightning.
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So, it has to build up high voltage before electrons start moving.
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This field can send electrons flying at nearly the speed of light.
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They consist of a densely packed plasma of atoms and their electrons.
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In this order, electrons form composites possessing fractions of spin and charge.
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Since, those electrons have been slowly replenished over time from solar radiation.
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Those crystals interfere with the path of electrons and ruin the image.
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Oscillating magnetic fields strip many of the electrons from the lead atoms.
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PADME receives DAFNE's beam of the antimatter partners of electrons, called positrons.
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That's a thousand times more energy than the AWAKE electrons currently have.
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Superconductors are systems where electrons can travel unimpeded and without applied voltage.
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You might remember that atoms consist of a nucleus orbited by electrons.
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These atoms, like all atoms, appear as central nuclei surrounded by electrons.
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These electrons then attached to the positively charged spheres, turning them neutral.
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The electrons tumble and splash, and all that splashing amounts to waste.
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The rays would knock such molecules apart, liberating electrons from their atoms.
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Surface plasmons are clouds of electrons that oscillate over a conductive surface.
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"This technique can tease more information out of the electrons," he says.
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People populate the darkness; with ghosts, with gods, with electrons, with tales.
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"When they stop, [the electrons] interact all the more strongly," he said.
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Drug developers are like electrons — they follow the path of least resistance.
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Their research indicates that bacteria use a different structure to pump electrons.
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But other subatomic particles, like muons and electrons, do not slow down.
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You can have the best intuition when you're out among the electrons.
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The existence of dark atoms would mean dark protons and dark electrons that are charged in a similar style as visible protons and electrons, interacting with each other via a dark force that is conveyed by dark photons.
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Importantly, this push-and-pull between the metal's electrons and the microwaves happens at the surface of the metal and eventually reaches an equilibrium—assuming the electrons have room to expand as they are repelled from one another.
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Her idea, supported by laboratory experiments and computer simulations, is that the lighter electrons initially speed away faster, setting up an electric field that pulls the electrons back toward the ions, and then they oscillate back and forth.
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Essentially, neutrinos from the source in Illinois will hit the liquid argon, knocking off electrons that drift into sensors on the container's edges thanks to the presence of an electric field—the detectors register these electrons as a signal.
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You can make it from water using zero-carbon electrons — solar, wind, hydroelectric.
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Known as ionizing radiation, it is powerful enough to remove electrons from atoms.
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As the electrons approach it, they suddenly slow down and many scatter wildly.
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If you want to understand the personality of a material, study its electrons.
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It turns out that nickel's shape in a solid slows its electrons down.
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The CEBAF is soon getting an upgrade to accelerate electrons to higher energies.
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Recently, scientists put atoms containing electrons into the machine for the first time.
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These qubits involve the interaction of two confined electrons in a silicon chip.
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Those electrons quickly drop down into the ground state—but there's a catch.
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Magnetic reconnection is an extremely fast event that shoots out protons and electrons.
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For example, the noble gases are inert because they have no unpaired electrons.
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So, chemistry lesson: Atoms are positively charged nuclei surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
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They can sail through Earth's atmosphere with greater ease than protons and electrons.
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In a ferromagnet, the spins of electrons align, collectively generating a magnetic field.
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They also developed a super-sensitive camera, capable of quickly registering single electrons.
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Electrons can only exist in certain locations around those atoms, called energy levels.
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The photons will still retain their energy and angle after striking the electrons.
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Electrons could flow from the bacterium down the wire to the receptive rust.
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There is, though, a way to cut through that mess: use electrons instead.
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"In Volta&aposs case, they&aposre selling eyeballs instead of electrons," he said.
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Hydrogen gas absorbs the light and knocks the electrons into higher energy orbits.
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He said a voltage differential in the atmosphere was drawing the electrons upward.
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Instead of neutrons, its researchers are firing high-velocity electrons at enriched uranium.
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They saw electrons and positrons splitting off from the atom at unusual angles.
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Be sure to include the role of electrons, radiation wavelengths and resonance. 5.
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Although they exhibited the same behavior as the electrons insofar as they would stop and reverse directions along the superconducting films, they did so at half the rate of the electrons, which was the telltale sign that they were Majorana quasiparticles.
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The physicists tried to predict its properties based on calculations of its electrons' behavior.
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The netting is electrons and the blue lines are proteins that serve as scaffolding.
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Both groups induced electrons into Higgs-like activity by pelting their material with neutrons.
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The rays could also result from collisions between electrons and their antimatter partners, positrons.
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The radiation could be coming from pulsar-generated electrons and positrons accelerating ambient starlight.
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The radiation ionizes, or knocks the electrons off of, the atoms in the gas.
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Physicists send a beam of either electrons, protons, or a laser through a plasma.
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One electrode, called the cathode, is made of lithium and holds positively charged electrons.
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It always makes me feels like electrons are going to take over the world.
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We usually consider electrons to be fundamental particles, that is, indivisible into smaller components.
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The stability of these standing waves stops the electrons being drawn into the nucleus.
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The first shell has one type "s" orbital, for a maximum of two electrons.
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The plasmnonic pixels make use of the free electrons that float around within metals.
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"We realized that the process of reconnection is really driven by electrons," Burch said.
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Electrons reflect radio waves back to ground level, making long-distance radio communication possible.
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But electrons interact via electromagnetism, so they let out electromagnetic waves, or light waves.
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Since electrons are negatively charged, ejecting them in this way keeps the tether positive.
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When it comes to magnifying the miniscule, electrons are fundamentally better than visible light.
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The heat from the WHIM strips most of those electrons away, but not all.
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Electron shuffling If a substance is "oxidized," it has lost electrons to another substance.
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"It's unprecedented to see superconducting at such a low density of electrons," he said.
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But the new study has added to NASA's understanding of how these electrons accelerate.
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If your electrons cost extra, there aren't a lot of niche plays in that.
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The electrons can track, for instance, how layers of graphite vibrate like a drum.
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Just three particles — electrons, protons and neutrons — seemed like enough to make the world.
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This is the movement of electric charges (usually negative electrons) inside the metal wire.
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This reaction could only take place if they could get rid of the electrons.
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The pressure is so great that electrons and protons are squeezed together into neutrons.
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Since electrons are truly elementary, collisions involving them are cleaner than those between protons.
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He knew that lithium would make a good anode because it released electrons easily.
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Its light appeared to be created by electrons that were moving in a circle.
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Do they provide us with something that has benefits beyond the electrons they make?
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These nuclei like to steal electrons from other particles, including co-mingling hydrogen atoms.
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Because more protons in the nucleus means more force pulling electrons in, electrons would have to go faster and faster the bigger the nucleus gets—at a certain point, they'd have to go faster than the speed of light which is impossible.
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Specifically, they've been interested in how the carbons bond together—whether each carbon bonds to its neighbor with two electrons, or whether each bonds with a single electron to one neighbor and three electrons to its other neighbor in an alternating fashion.
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"communication" occurs any time photons or electrons are caused to move from here to there.
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Essentially, radiation such as gamma rays or x-rays can excite electrons in quartz crystals.
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An element's atom has a central nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.
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The quantum effect that dominates on the right causes the electrons to be free-moving.
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Electrons and positrons, being charged particles, will loop and twist their way through the galaxy.
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But for the first time, scientists have accelerated an atomic nucleus with electrons still attached.
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AWAKE was able to accelerate electrons to 2 GeV in just 33 feet of plasma.
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Each of these so-called energy bands has space for a certain number of electrons.
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High-energy particles like electrons and protons can fry the electronics carried by the system.
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The electrons in the jets are traveling at very close to the speed of light.
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The system might send electrons to them when another, more energetically efficient molecule isn't available.
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This interrogation measures, with great precision, the energy levels of the electrons within a molecule.
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Conventional molecules are held together by bonds in which electrons from neighbouring atoms pair up.
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Electrons had yet to be discovered and Mendeleev himself was sceptical that atoms really existed.
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In the video, entitled "Superconductivity: The Musical," dancers are cast as electrons at various temperatures.
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This huge influx of electrons causes the Holmium atom to switch its magnetic spin state.
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Instead, Blue Arc focuses electrons to erode and remove metal without generating as much heat.
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Electrostatic forces should pull the electrons into the nucleus rather than keeping them in orbit.
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The colours of these lines represent energy released as light by electrons moving between orbitals.
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A dearth of atmospheric electrons may not sound like a problem, but it might be.
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The more positive protons in the nucleus, the more electrons the atom can hold onto.
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Quantum theory works extremely well at the scale of photons, electrons, atoms, molecules, even macromolecules.
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As it falls towards earth, snowflakes are positively charged and ready to give up electrons.
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And where does it all go when that battery pack squirts out its last electrons?
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This method can image materials normally transparent to electrons, such as lightweight atoms like lithium.
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The result is a plasma of free protons and electrons that don't absorb any light.
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They absorb negatively charged electrons from the anode portion of the battery that produces energy.
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The gamma rays come from these high-energy electrons interacting with nuclei in the atmosphere.
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Scientists can do it for stars and DNA and electrons; people have been more elusive.
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By the year 2045, California will use nothing but cleanly generated, carbon-neutral electrons.1
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Once the stream hit the bow shock, the solar electrons within it accelerated — a lot.
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And they're able to take out an insurance policy against being without these electrons altogether.
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"Of those three common elements, the chlorine is really hungry for electrons," Dr. Nyman said.
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In the ionosphere, the sun's radiation collides with gas that breaks into electrons and ions.
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Electrons would rather die than allow the protons to be better than them at anything.
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Splitting a molecule of water takes four electrons, says [Jens Norskov, a professor at Stanford].
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Dr. Bardeen and Dr. Pines correctly calculated that as an electron passes by positively charged ions, it would pull the ions toward it and set off vibrations; other electrons would then be attracted to that clump of ions would create an attractive force between electrons.
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On Earth, the solar wind is the power source, firing electrons at up to 30,000 volts.
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"FRBs can be used to measure the column of free electrons towards their source," he said.
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The electrons get trapped in parts of the crystal's structures and stay there for a while.
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Atomic clocks measure time by measuring the frequency at which electrons transition between discrete energy levels.
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The electrons then drop back down, and the antihydrogen atoms release photons with a characteristic wavelength.
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High-energy photons aren't necessarily indicative of cosmic rays, and can come from electrons, said Bernardini.
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Instead, there is diode that produces light when electrons make an energy transition inside the device.
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When an organism is exposed to too much light, electrons build up in the transfer chain.
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Sesame's electrons will have energies of 2.5bn electronvolts, the units usually used to describe such things.
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Hydrogen electrons released at the anode travel through an external circuit to the cathode, making electricity.
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The blue wisps are really electrons moving at the speed of light, forming an expanding ring.
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Connect a wire between the two terminals, and the electrons will flow to the positive terminal.
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If you remember back to high school chemistry, electrons arrange themselves inside specific shells around atoms.
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Radioactive materials can also release beta particles, another name for electrons and their antimatter partner, positrons.
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They all join the hot potato fun, shifting into relationships as easy as atoms sharing electrons.
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These electrons then provide the current that powers the phone or tablet that's connected to JAQ.
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This drives extra electrons into the graphene, filling up all its energy states and eliminating mobility.
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In essence, the researchers measured how the samples' electrons responded to a slowly changing magnetic field.
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Using its beam of electrons, scientists have glimpsed many types of viruses for the first time.
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In contrast, we say a substance is "reduced" when it has gained electrons from another substance.
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One type of plasma wave, known as a chorus wave , causes electrons in plasma to accelerate.
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The Achilles' heel of today's transistors is the smaller they get, the more they leak electrons.
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Within just 90 milliseconds, the electrons accelerated so quickly that they destabilized and broke into bits.
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As you might remember from high school, the electrons in an atom carry a negative charge.
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Physicist Carl D. Anderson confirmed the existence of positrons — or positively charged electrons — four years later.
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Instead, Geobacter transfers its electrons to iron oxide, or rust, Dr. Lovley and his colleagues discovered.
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When the electrons and ions in a plasma recombine, the atoms glow and emit visible light.
|
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When light shines on the plastic, the energized dye molecules rip electrons out from the polymers.
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Those particles then move through the detector, banging into argon atoms and knocking their electrons off.
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The UV light excites the electrons in the coating to produce many different colors of light.
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When they come into contact with electrons, the two also promptly annihilate, with no noticeable effect.
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You will need some RAW MEAT (1D) and ELECTRONS (2D) to at least get you started.
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"Every physicist in the world agrees on the basic mechanics of how electrons work," he said.
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So, the sulphur ions suck up these electrons and then spit them back as x-rays.
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We wandered around Whiskey Pete's Casino at the Nevada-California border while our Bolt sipped electrons.
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Your brain is engaged immediately, the electrons fire, and you are immersed in a new world.
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You have solar thermal, which has some nice characteristics, because storing heat is easier than storing electrons.
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That goes on to include d and f orbital shapes, which hold 27 and 27 electrons, respectively.
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Electrons can be many places at the same time, and then when you watch, it's suddenly there.
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For example, the researchers watched as most of the electrons traveled outward from the pulsar's magnetic poles.
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Quantum mechanics is the set of rules by which fundamental particles like electrons interact with each other.
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You're seeing wood turned into gas, gas ignited by heat, and light from the excitement of electrons.
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"This means that pulsars produce a tremendous population of electrons and positrons within our galaxy," said Linden.
|
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When protons and electrons are excited, they emit a range of colors, typically green, red, and blue.
|
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Most people know that an atom has a nucleus in the middle and electrons orbiting around it.
|
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When atoms group into substances, all the energy levels of each atom combine into bands of electrons.
|
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They measure the electron's spins by watching how nearby electric charges react to the trapped electrons' movements.
|
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These pairs give the electrons new properties that allow them to travel without resistance through the system.
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Those include recent measurements of distant hydrogen, strange excesses of antimatter, and too few high-energy electrons.
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Essentially, the scientists confirmed their hunch that CRAND is the source of the Van Allen belt's electrons.
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He then zapped the entire apparatus with flashes of ultraviolet light to knock electrons off the electrodes.
|
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The radio emission is produced by electrons spiraling around magnetic field lines, a process called synchrotron emission.
|
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Molecules spin, vibrate, and trade electrons, all of which affect the way they react with other molecules.
|
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A neutron star is one whose protons and electrons have merged with each other to create neutrons.
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These electrons then travel towards the cathode via a circuit that can, for example, power a motor.
|
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And they do: Some of them conduct electrons better than many other materials could ever dream of.
|
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In the routine, performers demonstrate how electrons move in different materials, such as polymers and carbon nanotubes.
|
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Quantum spin liquid is a phase where electrons actually fracture apart—and begin to behave very strangely.
|
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When sunlight hits the metallic structures, high-energy electrons are released which can break down organic molecules.
|
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Graphene's optical properties depend on the ability of its electrons to move freely around the atomic sheet.
|
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And the electrons can indeed be so locked, by running a current through the ion-rich liquid.
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On the right, the cubes represent helium and sodium while the red dots represent the shared electrons.
|
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That's because electrons, which have wavelike properties due to quantum mechanics, have wavelengths a thousand times shorter.
|
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The fast charger I've plugged into the car is ramming in electrons, heating up the battery pack.
|
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As they're produced in collisions between electrons and positrons, the Z bosons themselves decay into other particles.
|
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Simply pop your watch on, flick the power button, and watch your watch battery's electrons get excited.
|
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The charge can be so powerful that it repels electrons (negatively charged particles) on the ground below.
|
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Physicists would typically then make successive small tweaks to arrive at the correct answer for two electrons.
|
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Myth: Atoms, the building blocks of matter, can be broken down only into electrons, protons, and neutrons.
|
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This breakdown robbed the electrons of their energy, the researchers said, and turned that energy into heat.
|
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They're the antiparticles of electrons, in that they have the same mass, but the opposite electrical charge.
|
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The electrons function as the smallest units of data used in computing which are known as bits.
|
|
Moreover, the brightness of the light source doesn't affect the way the photons interact with the electrons.
|
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These clocks measure time based on the frequency that electrons transition between energy levels within an atom.
|
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Like wayward electrons, they can spin away from their initial orbit and enter a wider magnetic field.
|
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Still, making the most of the finite store of electrons will remain crucial to Formula E tactics.
|
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Initially he bounced X-rays off biological molecules, but in the mid-22000s he switched to electrons.
|
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When these charged particles hit Earth's atmosphere, they cause electrons to move to a higher energy state.
|
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The shockwaves heated the upper atmosphere and weakened it, decreasing the amount of electrons in the ionosphere.
|
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But, wherever the electrons really came from, all the energy you use will represent green power generation.
|
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The atoms of tin are instantaneously heated to 1mºC, which smashes their outer electrons from their nuclei.
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Their start-up, Etaphase, will manufacture hyperuniform photonic circuits—devices that transmit data via light rather than electrons.
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And the excess of electrons pushing toward the ground made it easier for more lightning bolts to form.
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Of late, physicists are intrigued by the way huge numbers of electrons can display collective quantum-mechanical behavior.
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It comes from the electrons releasing extra energy — going from an exited state to a less excited state.
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Magnetic fields destroy superconductivity by exerting opposite forces on the electrons in each superconducting pair, breaking their connection.
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It's unclear exactly how it happens, but lightning in storms seems to accelerate electrons to nearly light speed.
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Researchers had to find a way to measure the number of electrons and positrons coming out of pulsars.
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Throughout this halo, high-energy electrons coming from the pulsar collided with low-energy photons from ambient starlight.
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Saturn's poles emit this light when hydrogen gas interacts with high-powered electrons generated in its magnetic field.
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A cathode ray tube in an old television might accelerate electrons to 4.33,000 electron volts, or 20 keV.
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The researchers gathered both proteins from healthy human cells, combined them, froze them, and imaged them with electrons.
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Normally, superconductors are solids that have reached an ultra-cold critical temperature where electrons begin to pair up.
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Add some energy in the form of, say, a photon, and the electrons jump to higher energy levels.
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All the adjacent carbon atoms have nothing to connect to in that region, which is just excess electrons.
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Each single image is noisy—the electrons are shot relatively lightly so as not to distort the sample.
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Shake some electrons—for instance, in an antenna—and you'll disturb an electric field and get radio waves.
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Image: DAMPE Collaboration (via the arXiv)DAMPE counts the electrons and their antiparticles, positrons, hitting Earth from space.
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One reason for that conclusion involves greasy molecules called quinones, which help transfer electrons in photosynthetic reaction centers.
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The fast particles would have subsequently decayed into the quarks, electrons and other elementary particles that exist today.
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The first electrons are expected to complete their initial laps around its 220 metre circumference ring this month.
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Lots of the electrons orbiting holmium's nucleus buzz around without a partner, unlike more familiar elements, he explained.
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The particles strip away electrons already in the atmosphere, and release high-energy X-rays in the process.
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Electrons also determine much of how elements behave, which is why the table reflects their properties so well.
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But Pillai and his team wanted to know how the electrons changed the nutritional content of milk samples.
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Even though protons weigh almost 2,000 times as much as electrons, the two have equal (though opposite) charges.
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Every particle has an antiparticle, like electrons and positrons, which have the same mass, but opposite electric charge.
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An overabundance or an absence of electrons within this layer can disrupt the way we use radio signals.
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Alternately, some kind of atmospheric process could be shoving electrons away from the region both horizontally and vertically.
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Its memory is made up of quantum bits, or qubits—tiny particles of matter like atoms or electrons.
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Instead, they&aposre particles: electrons and protons, mostly, but occasionally heavier things like helium or even iron nuclei.
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A new picture: Spiraling electrons cause radiation that powers magnetic jets in the first moments of the explosion.
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The researchers operate the GRAPES-3 telescope, which measures muons, particles that are similar to electrons but heavier.
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And although SiGe excels at transporting holes, it is rather less good at moving electrons than silicon is.
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The researchers then leveraged a quantum property of these electrons called spin to store information as quantum bits.
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When the phone wants the screen on, it sends electrons from the cathode plate to the anode plate.
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Some electrons are speeding above Earth's surface at nearly the speed of light, and NASA isn't sure why.
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Instead of zipping randomly across it, electrons traversing a sheet of wrinkly graphene are channelled between the ridges.
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If you can make electrons cheaper than someone, that is one of the biggest markets in the world.
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If everything is made of electrons, protons, and neutrons, we "simply" count up the amount of that stuff.
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But in truth, we can't help but assign value to these electrons: jobs, the environment and national security.
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But in the Microgrid's case, you're buying buying electrons that'll "very likely" be from your neighbor, Orsini said.
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Moreover, the view is blurred by the charged particles such as electrons and protons that fill interstellar space.
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The Celestiq is a big, luxurious, sedan that will be hand-built in Michigan and run on electrons.
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Electricity flows through wires, like a fluid, or flies through a vacuum as a volley of individual electrons.
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The food that gets stuck to your dishware is basically hydrocarbons, and they are great sources of electrons.
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But because muons are heavier, they huddle around protons more tightly in the 2S state than electrons do.
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The team used electron microscopy, a technique that sends beams of electrons through a particle, projecting an image.
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Physicists have observed atoms, electrons, and other minutiae transitioning between wave-like and particle-like states for decades.
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Within three minutes, the nuclei of hydrogen and helium had formed, buffeted by an energetic bath of electrons.
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Eventually the electrons lose energy and they settle back into the lowest orbit in one of two configurations.
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When the battery is discharged, lithium ions flow to the cathode generating a flow of electrons and electricity.
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"You&aposre making electricity, but those electrons actually don&apost make your lights do anything differently," he said.
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Applying more voltage to the system generates more electrons, in turn causing each dot to emit more light.
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Light photons strike the photoelectrode directly, knocking lose electrons and holes, which in turn drive oxidation and reduction.
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These electrons are also relatively unstable, so copper tends to react more easily when combining with other chemicals.
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Electrons are much less massive than the protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus of an atom.
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In the early 1940s, scientists determined that one of the elements in the corona was a form of iron that had been stripped of 13 of its electrons, and it takes a massive amount of energy, in the form of heat, to pull electrons away from an atom of iron.
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Change the pattern of electrons and you change the part of the image field the OPA is looking at.
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To mimic the image-making role of the optics in conventional cameras, the OPA manipulates incoming light using electrons.
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The same room hosts Facebook's electron microscope, which bombards samples with electrons to get visibility at a molecular level.
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Magnets on the straightaways and bends change the electrons' directions, which produces a beam of high-energy x-rays.
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Another laser excites the atom, and the interaction between the atom and laser creates oscillations of the atom's electrons.
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For this research, replace the atom with a buckyball, and replace the electrons with units of vibration and rotation.
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If we can feed in enough electrons without using coal, which is filthy and increasingly uncompetitive, why wouldn't we?
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Some materials at low temperatures undergo another kind of phase transition such that electrons move without any electrical resistance.
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So far it can only handle very small molecules with few electrons, which classical computers can already simulate accurately.
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One population of medium-energy electrons showed truly odd behavior, scattering every which way—even back toward the pulsar.
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It uses light energy to split water molecules, creating electrons and protons used at other parts of the process.
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The new discovery instead came from the collider's heavy ion run, which collides lead atoms stripped of their electrons.
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But if you send many electrons, you'll see a striped pattern as if they traveled like a light wave.
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The colors represent different wavelength strengths of electrons hitting the atmosphere, where red is high, and blue is low.
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These electrons have another innate property, called spin, which could either align with or against the direction they're traveling.
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Funny thing about videotape -- or pixels or electrons or whatever the hell this stuff is recorded on these days.
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Image: ILCThe International Linear Collider would instead collide electrons and their antiparticle, the positron, also with super-cold magnets.
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Colliding dark-matter particles could give off electrons and positrons; these could accelerate nearby photons to gamma-ray energies.
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Well, you see, there's atomic physics—electrons and protons and neutrons, all the stuff of which atoms are made.
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A Hofstadter butterfly, a pattern describing how electrons behave in a magnetic field that's been simulated by Google researchers.
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A single laser pulse stripped all but a few electrons in the molecule's biggest atom from the inside out.
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The electrons of these atoms actually sync up in such a way that they cause an attraction between molecules.
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The problem is, we're still not measuring electricity digitally, continuously, using real data about real electrons passing through wires.
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When high energy radiation interacts with matter it produces a bunch of low-energy secondary electrons in the process.
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The timer went off, and the electron gun in the lower Tupperware began to fire electrons into the space.
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Taken together, this means it will likely be decades before you can book a flight powered solely by electrons.
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Any extradimensional forces experienced by the atoms will translate into minute differences between the energy levels of their electrons.
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The ensuing interactions generated unstable patches of extra electrons in the Arctic ionosphere, in this case over northern Greenland.
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Atoms bond by sharing electrons in their outermost shells, but if that shell is full, they normally won't bond.
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In the core are protons and neutrons, the sun, and orbiting them at increasing distances are electrons, the planets.
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And those stars would generate a bunch of radiation, stripping the electrons off the surrounding hydrogen in the Universe.
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At ordinary levels of light, photons also bounce off electrons in the same direction and with the same energy.
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Chandra's 2009 contribution is the swirly pink component with the bright spot in the center, the higher-energy electrons.
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Second, the best way to package those electrons is in the kind of vehicle people really want: an SUV.
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Researchers observed that both electrons and photons behave much, much differently when they're part of an intensely bright light.
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Neutron stars are so gravitationally heavy that they cause protons and electrons to combine into neutrons (hence their name).
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Of particular interest is the increase of muon radiation—muons being heavier versions of electrons, basically—on the ground.
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"If there's any system where we can hope to understand strongly correlated electrons, it's this one," said Jarillo-Herrero.
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Over time, Mauk says, in a random fashion, electrons at different energies may hit the atmosphere and cause auroras.
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This suggested superionic ice would conduct electricity, like a metal, with the hydrogens playing the usual role of electrons.
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The resulting high-energy pairs of electrons and positrons then experience a force known as braking radiation or bremsstrahlung.
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At even greater depths, the hydrogen issqueezed so tightly that the electrons squirt out, changing it into a metal.
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Its enormous magnetic field traps and accelerates high-energy particles (mostly protons and electrons) thrown off by the sun.
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Sure, if you stomp the gas accelerator pedal from a red light, you'll burn up the electrons pretty quick.
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Even the drip paintings Jackson Pollock made with house paint have fared better than art made by manipulating electrons.
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Your body has been ground down to a powder, rubbed raw like an element stripped of its valence electrons.
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But he also found that the existing explanation of how electrons moved through semiconductors was not matching his calculations.
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The experiment was known as elastic scattering, because the kinetic energy of the electrons was conserved in the interactions.
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He was particularly interested in the behavior of electrons within these disordered materials, which include certain kinds of semiconductors.
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He was particularly interested in the behavior of electrons within these disordered materials, which include certain kinds of semiconductors.
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Gas in the stream appears to be ionized, or stripped of electrons, signaling that the flare recently influenced it.
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The signal was originally created when electrons in neutral hydrogen atoms changed energy states, before and during the EoR.
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These balls, which represent the electrons, are placed into a regular mixing bowl that keeps them confined by gravity.
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These slices of brain are then imaged by bombarding them with streams of electrons from a scanning electron microscope.
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Researchers have found that lightning in thunderstorms generates positrons; when they meet nearby electrons, the two annihilate each other.
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These decay products go into a house-sized detector called a spectrometer that measures the energy of the electrons.
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The two extreme ends of the map are well-understood: Pure, unadulterated cuprate crystals—mapped on the left side of the diagram—act as insulators, while cuprates that have been doped with many extra electrons or "holes" (deficits of electrons that behave like positively charged particles), mapped on the right, behave like metals.
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