It relies on drams of transparency, legality, impartiality, and constraint.
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He was freed on bail of 1 million drams ($2000).
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Suddenly, DRAMs are a lot less profitable, and Micron's stock goes lower.
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They're also superb for pouring measured drams of precious Pappy Van Winkle.
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Last night on the Cisco call they talked about their tight demand for DRAMs.
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Shuck the oysters, serve them cold and shimmering, pour a few drams, and you're home free.
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After a 50 percent decline in pricing in the past two years, DRAMs are finally going higher.
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So, with DRAMs, Flask and disk drives all better than expected, Cramer said they are ready to run.
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"Democracy is not a simple concept ... it relies on drams of transparency, legality, impartiality, and constraint," he wrote.
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I know a lot of people are selling Applied Materials because they feel like it's a play on DRAMs.
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You know you've made it in the Kardashian-adjacent universe when your "drams" is in the morning entertainment news dump.
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" Micron Technology: "OK, the Goldman Sachs report today was very cogent, where it just said, 'Look, we know we don't want to overstay our welcome here because the prices for DRAMs have gone up so much, it'll be a huge amount of DRAMs being made because other companies are going to develop more factories.
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He spoke with Lam's CEO Martin Anstice, who commented on the long-term cycle for the use of flash and DRAMs.
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Micron is known for dynamic random access memory (DRAMs), which are the most basic commodity used as memory in many PCs.
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Apple has benefited tremendously over the past year from falling prices in components such as DRAMs, flash storage, disk drives and displays.
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Some analysts said the memory industry may begin to recover this year as data centres boost purchases for server DRAMs after clearing inventories.
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Western Digital's business is largely driven by NAND flash sales, whereas the majority of Micron's business comes from DRAMs, an entirely different market.
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" Applied Materials: "It sold off because people feel that there's not enough demand now for flash and that DRAMs are going to fall.
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"If you are riding the tiger, you need to know to get off it long before those new foundries start producing DRAMs," Cramer said.
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"Micron is perhaps the most important semiconductor bellwether out there: their DRAMs and flash chips go into nearly everything," the "Mad Money" host said.
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The daily chart of Micron, which manufactures DRAMs, flash memory chips, and other commodity products, also showed the stock gearing up for a serious rally.
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They're using $476 million to pay down debt, then using the rest to buy new equipment so they can build more DRAMs and flash chips.
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"As a result, the damage to the state funds was estimated at 489 million drams ($1 million)," the special investigation service said in a statement.
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It's just not in the explosive phase anymore because people keep thinking there's going to be one day [where] there's too many DRAMs, and then boom.
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The reason is that some of Micron's products, namely DRAMs and flash memory chips, are viewed as commodities, and investors are concerned about potential competition in the space.
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For the current quarter, SK Hynix expected shipment growth in both DRAM and NAND, as data centers demand more server DRAMs, and year-end smartphone demand drives up mobile NAND sales.
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But Kelly Kramer, who is your dynamite CFO, actually talked about margin expansion from the decline in DRAMs and you gave one of the best forecasts for any of the technology stocks.
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Created in partnership with master distiller Jim McEwan—arguably the most famous maker of Scotch on earth—they offer a perfect home from which your wee drams may whisper their oak-aged secrets.
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"If I'm not feeling 100 percent in the morning after having a few wee drams of Scotch the night before, I always get up and go to the gym," a Scotch ambassador tells me.
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But Anne-Sophie Bigot, a spirits blogger and head of a whiskey consultancy in her native France, says you don't need to be a crowned head of Europe to find a few good drams.
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According to the website, each calendar features 24 unique, handmade 30ml wax-sealed drams — the whiskey option, for example, offers a selection of whiskeys from around the world, from Speyside whiskeys to smokey island malts.
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Cramer speculated that the decline stemmed from the company's forecast and equipment related to DRAMs — a type of memory chip — was soft, and some investors may worry that demand for Lam's products may be approaching a peak.
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"I've seen this stock collapse three separate times in my life and the circumstances were almost identical to those we're seeing right now: more supply coming on after a big run in price for DRAMs," Cramer said.
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As of April 2020, about 2 billion drams have already been invested in the project with the total budget raised to around 2.8 billion drams ($5.8 million dollars).
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The annual budget for Yerevan Metro in 2002 was 1 billion 440 million drams (about $2.5 million). Of this amount about 800 million drams was financed by the State. The rest of the budget was allocated from tickets costs, trade and advertisement. A ride on the Yerevan Metro currently costs 100 drams (about 25 cents).
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For writes, the write enable signal and write data would be presented along with the column address. Page mode DRAM was later improved with a small modification which further reduced latency. DRAMs with this improvement were called fast page mode DRAMs (FPM DRAMs). In page mode DRAM, was asserted before the column address was supplied.
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Three drams of usquebaugh you drank with Dan Deasy's ducats.
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Size of deposits in foreign currency was equal to 2 mln drams.
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In 2005, most of the band's members reformed as The Drams when Best was scheduled to play a full band show as a solo act. Two members from Denton, Texas' Budapest One, Keith Killoren and Chad Schlockslager, are members of The Drams. The Drams play rock with the inclusion of background vocals and keyboards. Their record, Jubilee Dive, was produced by Centro-Matic's Matt Pence and came out on mini-major New West Records.
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The number of physical DRAMs depends on their individual widths. For example, a rank of ×8 (8-bit wide) DRAMs would consist of eight physical chips (nine if ECC is supported), but a rank of ×4 (4-bit wide) DRAMs would consist of 16 physical chips (18, if ECC is supported). Multiple ranks can coexist on a single DIMM, and modern DIMMs can consist of one rank (single rank), two ranks (dual rank), four ranks (quad rank), or eight ranks (octal rank). There is only a little difference between a dual rank UDIMM and two single-rank UDIMMs in the same memory channel, other than that the DRAMs reside on different PCBs.
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It is expected that the new generation of T-RAM memory will have the same storage density as DRAMs.
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When Scotch whisky was barred from Cold War Czechoslovakia, it left party apparatchiks with a drouth for their beloved drams.
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Protests in central Yerevan on 22 July 2013. Posters such as this one were widely used by the protesters. Since 20 July 2013, the tariffs for minibuses (marshrutkas) and trolleybuses were increased by 50% and 100% respectively. The new fares were set to be 150 drams (~35 US cents) for minibuses and 100 drams (~25 cents) for trolleybuses.
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Graphics RAMs are asynchronous and synchronous DRAMs designed for graphics-related tasks such as texture memory and framebuffers, found on video cards.
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On November 22, 1993, the local currency, the Dram, was put into circulation in nominal value 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 500 drams, using an exchange rate of 200 rubles for one Dram. Banknotes of the former Soviet Union, in nominal value 1-500 rubles of the 1961-1992 issue were allowed to co-circulate with the Dram up until March 17, 1994. Coins in nominal value 10, 20, 50 luma and 1, 3, 5, 10 drams of aluminum alloy were put into circulation since February 21, 1994. Banknotes in nominal value 1000 and 5000 drams were put into circulation since October 24, 1994 and September 6, 1995, respectively. Starting 1998, banknotes of the second series in nominal value 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000 and 20000 drams were put into circulation.
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The Armenian city Charentsavan was named after him. A commemorative stamp of 40 kopecks was issued by the Soviet Union in 1958 honoring Charents after his rehabilitation. Another commemorative stamp of 150 Armenian drams as well as a commemorative coin of 100 Armenian drams were issued by the Republic of Armenia in 1997. The new Republic of Armenia currency denomination for 1000 drams carried on one of its two sides the photo of Charents and a famous quotation in Armenian of one of his poems: (Armenian) "Ես իմ անուշ Հայաստանի արեւահամ բարն եմ սիրում" (I love the sun sweet taste of Armenia).
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Hyundai SDRAM ICs on a PC100 DIMM package. The earliest DRAMs were often synchronized with the CPU clock (clocked) and were used with early Intel processors. In the mid-1970s, DRAMs moved to the asynchronous design, but in the 1990s returned to synchronous operation. The first commercial SDRAM was the Samsung KM48SL2000 memory chip, which had a capacity of 16Mb.
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"Dram" is also used as a measure of the powder charge in a shotgun shell, representing the equivalent of black powder in drams avoirdupois.
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There are several types of 1T DRAMs: the commercialized Z-RAM from Innovative Silicon, the TTRAM from Renesas and the A-RAM from the UGR/CNRS consortium.
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Flights are expected to start in spring 2020. Round trip flight to Yerevan should cost 40.000 drams allowing easy access of tourists to southern Armenia and Artsakh.
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The banknotes of this series meet modern requirements in terms of security, endurance, quality and design. On June 4, 2001, the commemorative banknote in nominal value 50000 drams dedicated to 1700th anniversary of adoption of Christianity in Armenia was put into circulation. In the period 2004 - 2005, the banknotes in nominal value 50 and 100 drams of the 1993-1995 series and the 1998 series were withdrawn from circulation.
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Ronald K. Burek. "The NEAR Solid-State Data Recorders". Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest. 1998 The solid state recorders are constructed from 16 Mbit IBM Luna-C DRAMs.
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From January 1, 2020, the republic will abandon two alternative tax systems - self-employed and family entrepreneurship. They will be replaced by micro-entrepreneurship with a non-taxable threshold of up to 24 million drams. Business entities that carry out specialized activities, in particular, accounting, advocacy, and consulting will not be considered as micro-business entities. Micro business will be exempted from all types of taxes other than income tax, which will be 5 thousand drams per employee.
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Naghdalyan is married to Davit Beglaryan and they have five children. In 2016, their company Sisian BUAT received a government contract for road construction works worth over 636 million drams ($1.3 million).
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This improves SRAM bandwidth compared to DRAMs in a DRAM, the bit line is connected to storage capacitors and charge sharing causes the bit line to swing upwards or downwards. The symmetric structure of SRAMs also allows for differential signaling, which makes small voltage swings more easily detectable. Another difference with DRAM that contributes to making SRAM faster is that commercial chips accept all address bits at a time. By comparison, commodity DRAMs have the address multiplexed in two halves, i.e.
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His election campaign mostly consisted of house-to-house campaigning. He stated during the campaign, "You can rely on us in replacing this clan-based and corrupt rule in the capital by the people’s rule." To counter alleged vote buying by the Republican Party, Pashinyan made an election promise to provide residents of Yerevan 15,000 Armenian drams (~$31) for not taking bribes from the Republican Party if elected mayor. According to media reports, bribes by the ruling party averaged 10,000 drams (~$21).
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The quickest method, as described by German natural philosopher Wilhelm Homberg (1652-1715), took about a quarter of an hour, and is described as follows. Take four drams of filings of fine silver, with which make an amalgam, without heat, with two drams of quicksilver. Dissolve this amalgam in four ounces of aqua fortis, and pour the solution into three gallons of water. Stir it for a while until mixed, and then keep it in a glass vessel well stopped.
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In 2019, the complex of the Vazgen Sargsyan Military University was merged with the aviation university's complex. In May of that philanthropist Mikael Vardanyan donated 43 million drams worth of exercise equipment to both universities.
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168 часов — Новый сервис The new internet supplier getting permission for functioning became GNC Alfa. In the result of demonopolisation of internet and mobile market brought to significant fall of prices: in 2007 1 Mbit of unlimited internet cost 2.9 million drams (about $8900), while in 2011 price fall to 24000 drams for 1 Mbit ($64). Number of internet users increased 19 times reaching 380 000 (every second family in Armenia). Number of mobile services users increased to 3 380 000 from 1 118 000.
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These have been ceased to be a legal tender in the Republic of Armenia yet are allowed to be exchanged at their par in commercial banks and the Central Bank of Armenia, without limitation. In the period 2003 - 2004, the coins of the second series in nominal value 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 drams were put into circulation. Since August 24, 2009, the banknote in nominal value 100000 drams was put into circulation. The banknote depicts the king Abgar the Fifth of Edessa.
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The stream is largely culverted and picks up water from storm drams throughout the Iron Triangle District. The creek once was fed by rainwaters. A portion remains in its original state alongside the Chevron Richmond Refinery.
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In 2013, talks to reopen the airport began between the governor of Syunik and businessmen from Armenia and abroad. Due to the dismissal of the then governor, negotiations died down, only to be restarted in 2016 and finalized in 2017, in time for the start of the construction. About 2-km long runway is widened to 40 m and a new passenger terminal is constructed. As of May 2019, over 800 million drams have already been invested in the project with the total budget set at around 2.3 billion drams ($5 million dollars).
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A number of different definitions of the pound have historically been used in Britain. Amongst these were the avoirdupois pound and the obsolete Tower, merchant's and London pounds.Grains and drams, ounces and pounds, stones and tons. Personal notes.
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The 'Hedley Controller' 390562-01 was used in the A2024 high resolution monitor and controlled the frame buffer (usually eight 64K×4 DRAMs) in either flicker fixer mode or its own special 1024×800/1024×1024 resolution modes.
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Only eighteen casks are produced each week. They have a tour which costs £10 and currently includes two drams and a nosing glass. The wash still has a capacity of 4200 litres and the smaller spirit still 2200 litres.Edradour on Whisky.
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450/400 Nitro Express both by Manton & Co, an early model 12 bore Paradox gun by Holland & Holland that fired 4.5 drams (8 g) of black powder and a later specially modified 12 bore Paradox gun by Holland & Holland that fired of cordite.
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14, 1986. In the late 1930s, he was a member of the English Sheepdog Trials Team; when competing with them in Scotland, he would play Scottish tunes on the Northumbrian smallpipes, and found he would get a steady supply of free drams.
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The prize was a medal, diploma and 2.5 million drams. Baghdasarian's winning work was a monument erected two years previously in Sisian to the writer Hamo Sahian."Armenian President Awards Composer Melikian Writer Edoyan Sculptor Baghdasarian", Asbarez, January 18, 2006. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
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In the 18th century, the table-spoon became an unofficial unit of the apothecaries' system of measures, equal to 4 drams or fl oz. It was more commonly known by the Latin cochleare majus (abbreviated cochl. maj.) or, in apothecaries' notation, f℥ss or f℥ß.
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The former British Record Wels Catfish (Silurus glanis) of 43lb 8oz caught by Richard Bray at Wilstone Reservoir in 1970 and on display in the Natural History Museum, Tring, Hertfordshire. The reservoirs are popular with anglers and most famous for holding British record sized specimen fish like wels catfish to 60 lb, with a former British record wels catfish of 43 lb 8oz caught by Richard Bray at Wilstone reservoir in 1970. carp to 35 lb, and tench to 14 lb, the British record tench has been achieved twice from Wilstone reservoir, first by Tony Chester in 1981 with a tench of 10 lb 1 oz 4 drams, then by Alan Wilson in 1985 with a tench of 12 lb 8 oz 11 drams. The fishery also holds pike to 20 lb, bream to 17 lb, the British record bream has been broken twice at Startops end reservoir with a bream of 12 lb 12 oz 8 drams caught by Mr. A.J Fisher from in 1931 and broken again by C.J.Pugh with a bream of 12 lb 14 oz in 1933.
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On 19 May 2018, the Football Federation of Armenia upheld its decision to deduct 12 points from Shirak, and fine the club Seven Million Drams, after it was alleged that Shirak's sporting director Ararat Harutyunyan had offered Edward Kpodo of FC Banants a bribe to fix their upcoming match.
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As of 2011, the fine for hunting the Armenian mouflon in Armenia was 3 million drams (roughly $8,000). In Iran, hunting of O. g. gmelini is allowed only under permit, outside the protected areas, between September and February. Within the protected areas, grazing of domestic livestock is strictly controlled.
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Polycide is a silicide formed over polysilicon. Widely used in DRAMs. In a polycide MOSFET transistor process, the silicide is formed only over the polysilicon film as formation occurs prior to any polysilicon etch. Polycide processes contrast with salicide processes in which silicide is formed after the polysilicon etch.
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Color capability was provided by the Color Graphics Option, which was a set of chips that were inserted into the empty sockets on the monochrome Graphics Adapter provided for this purpose.The Color chipset comprises 16 readily-available chips: eight 4416-15 DRAMs, four 74F245s, and four 25LS22 chips.
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Graton acted, hosted, directed and administrated the theatre for almost twenty years. In 1997, the NCT was renamed the . Graton acted in many plays, several television drams and series, and Quebec films. In 1971 and 1982 she was named Woman of the Year by the Salon de la femme.
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Gallipoli, 1915 By 1908 it was obsolete and replaced in British Regular Army brigades by the modern QF 4.5-inch howitzer. Territorial Force brigades, however, continued to use the howitzer in World War I into 1916, including notably in the East African campaign. A lighter 40-pound (18.14 kg) shell with Amatol filling replaced the original 50-pound (22.68 kg) Lyddite shell early in World War I Together with an increase in cordite propellant from 11 oz 7 drams to 14 oz 5 drams, this increased the maximum range from 4,800 to . Administrative error led to the new 40-pound shells being sent to Gallipoli without range tables or fuze keys for the new pattern fuzes, rendering them useless.
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35 Winchester repeater and two 12 bore double-barrelled shikar pistols. Herbert's favourite rifle was a 12 bore firing soft spherical bullets and 5½ drams (9.7 g) of powder which she considered ideal for lion and other dangerous game. For the Alaskan trip the pair took a .256 Mannlicher, a .
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6th edition. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston's Son & Co., Inc., 1937, page 18. The importance of these distinctions is evident in view of the dangers of erroneously relying upon more general descriptions of Apothecaries' fluid measures, which typically list 60 minims per fluid dram, and 8 fluid drams per fluid ounce (480 minims).
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The Noah's Ark silver coins are Armenian bullion coins issued since 2011. They are available in various sizes with a fine weight between ounce and 5 kg in silver of 999/1000 fineness. The 1 oz. coin has a nominal value of 500 Drams and is a legal tender in Armenia.
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Starting in the mid-1980s, the capacitor has been moved above or below the silicon substrate in order to meet these objectives. DRAM cells featuring capacitors above the substrate are referred to as stacked or folded plate capacitors; whereas those with capacitors buried beneath the substrate surface are referred to as trench capacitors. In the 2000s, manufacturers were sharply divided by the type of capacitor used by their DRAMs, and the relative cost and long-term scalability of both designs has been the subject of extensive debate. The majority of DRAMs, from major manufactures such as Hynix, Micron Technology, Samsung Electronics use the stacked capacitor structure, whereas smaller manufacturers such Nanya Technology use the trench capacitor structure (Jacob, pp. 355–357).
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The three smallest memory configurations used 4kx1 DRAMs, with larger ones using 16kx1 DRAMs, or mix of 4-kilobyte and 16-kilobyte banks (the chips in any one bank have to be the same size). The early Apple II+ models retained this feature, but after a drop in DRAM prices, Apple redesigned the circuit boards without the jumpers so that only 16kx1 chips were supported. A few months later they started shipping all machines with a full 48 KiB complement of DRAM. Unlike most machines, all integrated circuits on the Apple II PCB were socketed; although this cost more to manufacture and created the possibility of loose chips causing a system malfunction, it was considered preferable to make servicing and replacement of bad chips easier.
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There were only minor differences between the three models. The factory unit could not support the 1764 and it bundled 2.5 ampere C64 power supply unit, which supported the computer and its devices and was defined by the level of need the device had for a regulated power source with enough RAM. The 1700 uses sixteen 4164 64kx1 DRAM ICs, the 1764 has eight 41256 256kx1 DRAMs, and the 1750 has sixteen 41256 DRAMs. In practice, the difference between the 1764 and the earlier units had little effect on compatibility, and people used 1700s and 1750s successfully with the C64, and 1764s successfully with the C128, although the C64's stock power supply was inadequate to reliably handle the power load of any of them.
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Flights of Atlantis Armenian Airlines to Yerevan are expected to start in summer 2020. Flights will be carried out with L-410 UVP-E20 airplane equipped with 17 seats (with on option of 19 seats later on) and should cost round trip 40.000 drams, allowing easy access of tourists to southern Armenia and Artsakh.
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In September 2008, the Audit Chamber of Armenia accused Suren Khachatryan, governor of the southeastern Syunik Province, and government officials subordinated to him of embezzling 575 million drams (US$1.9 million) worth of public funds and property. Surik Khachatrian claims he is innocent.Regional Governor Accused Of Corruption, Armenia Liberty (RFE/RL), September 24, 2008.
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Tigran Sargsyan government increased expenses on road building, completing construction of 1576.9 km roads and 60 bridges, which is twice more than construction level in 1997 – 2006. Average budget for road building reached 22.6 billion drams against 13.7 billions in the period before. Average length of road constructed reached 315 km per year against 164 in the past.
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The packaging of McClelland's was updated in 2007 by Nevis Design of Edinburgh to support the expansion of the brand worldwide. It now features Scottish imagery by British artist Kathy Wyatt. Incorporated in the imagery is the character "Mr. McClelland", a fictional 1920s explorer making his way around Scotland taking in the sights, sounds and drams as he goes.
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Nacho and his friends unleash themselves on the holiday resort, but mum and dad do as well - though are well hidden from the guys. Whilst 19-year-old Amanda travels with friends and her parents witness her heavy drinking of drams of race, and see her events on a party cruise. Originally aired: 6 October 2011.
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This improvement is achieved mainly by developing transistors that cause significantly less leakage. Longer refresh time means a smaller fraction of the device's time is occupied with refresh, leaving more time for memory accesses. Although refresh overhead occupied up to 10% of chip time in earlier DRAMs, in modern chips this fraction is less than 1%.
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Lee joined Analog Devices in 1990 where he was primarily involved in the design of high-speed clock recovery devices. In 1992, he joined Rambus Inc. where he developed high-speed analog circuitry for 500 megabyte/s CMOS DRAMs. He has also contributed to the development of PLLs in the StrongARM, Alpha and AMD K6/K7/K8 microprocessors.
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By the 19th century, the giant 4 bore had been established as the standard elephant gun amongst European settlers and explorers within Africa, whilst the 8 bore was considered the standard for all other dangerous game. Typical 8 bores weighed , and fired a conical bullet at around or an spherical ball at around , both with 10 to 12 drams (17.72 to 21.26 g) of black powder, although sometimes heavier charges of 14 drams (24.82 g) were used, generally in Africa. paradox cartridge In the late 19th century William W Greener conducted the most thorough research of any gunmaker into the requirements for African hunting. After extensive testing and lengthy discussions with returned hunters and adventurers, including Sir Samuel Baker, he concluded the 8 bore was the largest practical calibre required for hunting dangerous game.
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The energy stored in a capacitor can be used to represent information, either in binary form, as in DRAMs, or in analogue form, as in analog sampled filters and CCDs. Capacitors can be used in analog circuits as components of integrators or more complex filters and in negative feedback loop stabilization. Signal processing circuits also use capacitors to integrate a current signal.
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Güyük demanded full-submission of the Abbasids and the Ismailis. Güyük Khan blamed Baiju for the irritated resistance of the Abbasid Caliphate. Güyük ordered an empire-wide census. In 1246, by the decree of Güyük, taxes amounting between to of value were imposed on everything and a heavy head tax of 60 silver drams was collected from males in Georgia and Armenia.
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The result was that in 2010 and 2011 industrial production index growth was 9.7% and 14.1% respectively, occurring the best performance since 2004. As a result of investments into the real economy prevented large scale staff dismissal in industrial enterprises. Policy brought to number increase of industrial enterprises by 6.3%, and increase of the average wage in industrial enterprises for 60 thousand drams.
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In south Wales and Somerset the term "dramway" is also used, with vehicles being called drams. The alternative term is "wagonway" (and wainway or waggonway) which originally consisted of horses, equipment and tracks which were used for hauling wagons. Usually the wheels would be guided along grooves. In time, to combat wear, the timber would be reinforced with an iron strip covering.
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The energy stored in capacitor can be used to represent information, either in binary form, as in DRAMs, or in analogue form, as in analog sampled filters and Charge-coupled device CCDs. Capacitors can be used in analog circuits as components of integrators or more complex filters and in negative feedback loop stabilization. Signal processing circuits also use capacitors to integrate a current signal.
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Memory controller with differential serial connections to DDR2 FB-DIMMs. The AMB is visible in the center of each DIMM. Fully Buffered DIMM (or FB-DIMM) is a memory technology that can be used to increase reliability and density of memory systems. Unlike the parallel bus architecture of traditional DRAMs, an FB-DIMM has a serial interface between the memory controller and the advanced memory buffer (AMB).
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Later, the expansion cover was held down with screws instead of the easier to open plastic latches. The computers eventually shipped with maxed-out RAM: 16k and 48k respectively, using 16kx1 DRAMs. Both models have four joystick ports, but only a few games such as M.U.L.E. use them all to permit four simultaneous players. Paddle controllers are wired in pairs, and eight players can play Super Breakout.
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In 2004 a law on compulsory insurance contributions to citizens were adopted in Armenia initiated by Tigran Sargsyan. On the basis of this law in 2005 The Fund was established, which should refund deposits to the citizens. The fund was financed by deposits from all the banks and financial institutions. The maximum size of the contribution was 4 million drams to be increased in the future.
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Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. pp. 494. RLDRAM also has better performance compared to contemporaneous commodity DRAMs when there are back- to-back read and write accesses, or completely random accesses.RLDRAM Memory: Unparalleled Bandwidth and Low Latency The first generation RLDRAM devices appeared in 1999, and were initially only fabricated by Infineon. Later, Micron Technology was brought in as a development partner and second source for RLDRAM devices.
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XDR DRAMs are probed and configured using a low-speed serial bus. The RST, SCK, and CMD signals are driven by the controller to every chip in parallel. The SDI and SDO lines are daisy-chained together, with the last SDO output connected to the controller, and the first SDI input tied high (logic 0). On reset, each chip drives its SDO pin low (1).
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The 4 MB array module is an eight- layer printed circuit board populated by metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) dynamic random access memory (DRAM) devices and medium-scale integration (MSI) FAST transistor-transistor logic (TTL) devices in roughly equal numbers. The 16 MB array module is similar to the 4 MB module, but contains eight surface- mounted daughter boards, each containing 2 MB of memory built from DRAMs.
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These were strictly used as alcoholic medicines, prescribed in small doses to invigorate and revitalise the heart, body and spirit as well as cure diseases. By the 18th century cordials were being imbibed for their intoxicating effects and medicinal virtues, and were fast becoming recreational drinks, eventually evolving into liqueurs. Though cordials originated on the continent, a number of British "sweet drams" achieved popularity in Europe.
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It is expected that Karabakh will have a regular flight services only to Yerevan, Armenia, with a state-owned carrier called Artsakh Air. Created on January 26, 2011, it intended to purchase three Bombardier CRJ200 jets in 2011. Officials have only stated that a one-way air ticket to the Armenian capital will cost 16,000 drams (US$45). As of September 2019, flights had not started.
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These prize cups are rarely used for actual drinking. Related vessels to the Scottish quaich include the porringer, a larger vessel typically in diameter with one (US colonial) or two (European) horizontal handles. The Sami and Norrland, Sweden, equivalent is the kuksa, which also only has a single handle. The quaich was used for whisky or brandy, and in the 19th century Sir Walter Scott dispensed drams in silver quaichs.
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The band later re-formed with David Saltman on bass and in 2008, as Air Featuring Googie, issued the album In Need Of You, on Baby Records. In 2009 the band issued the album Can't Let Go, featuring a range of guest musicians, including Anthony Jackson on bass, Anton Fig, Yogi Horton and Steve Ferrone on drams, Hamish Stuart on guitar and Sammy Figueroa on percussion. also on Baby Records.
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64k and 128k models use standard 4164 DRAMs. Unlike previous machines, the RS-232 port is standard equipment rather than an extra cost option. The RS-232 and printer ports are also moved to the back instead of the underside of the computer, making them more easily accessible. The Model 4 was announced in the same press release (April 1983) as was the TRS-80 Model 100 laptop.
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Narimanyan became President of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Artsakh in 2013. The Artsakh Supreme Court is composed entirely of female judges. In 2018 the budget of the Supreme Court amounted to 571, 052, 000 drams and was publicly presented by Narimanyan. Prior to her appointment to the Supreme Court, Narimanyan held the post of Minister of Labour & Social Affairs, a post she resigned on 25 April 2013.
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A modern "Hunt" from the Hansa Pit (Grube Hansa) in Göttingerode, Germany Throughout the world, there are different titles for mine carts. In South Africa a minecart is referred to as a cocopan;Dictionary definition of "Cocopan" in German it is called Hund (alternative spelling "Hunt"), a homonym to hund, meaning dog. In Wales minecarts are known as drams. In the U.S. and elsewhere the term skip is used.
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At least one batch of bombs consistently failed to detonate, according to a report from the front line. The problem was blamed on the gelatine used in the charge. The same source also stated that the quantity of propellant specified was insufficient and had been increased by two drams to throw the charge the required distance. Nevertheless, the mortar was reported to have done "good work" in the trenches.
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In the episode "Double Indecency" of the TV series Archer, the character Cheryl/Carol was carrying around 10 drams of Vole's blood and even offered to pay for a taxi ride with it. In Frank Herbert's Dune, the Fremen employ a sophisticated measurement system that involves the drachm (and fractions thereof) to accurately count and economize water, an ultra-precious resource on their home, the desert planet Arrakis.
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The 20/577 Alexander Henry fired a lead, paper patched bullet driven by 6 drams (10.6 g) of blackpowder at , its ballistic performance replicating that of the .577 Black Powder Express 3-inch. Later versions were loaded with mild loadings of cordite, carefully balanced through trial to replicate the ballistics of the blackpowder version, a copper-tubed lead bullet was also available, offering improved performance against dangerous game.
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Shahgeldyan graduated from the high school of coaches in Moscow. Since 2008, the head of FC Mika-2. In the first 2010 Armenian Premier League match of the season, the club was fined 50,000 drams marked "For constant interference in the match referee from the head coach," Mickey-2 "while playing his charges with Shirak FC-2." Due to the unsatisfactory results of Mika, head coach Armen Adamyan left.
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The electrical connections between the memory controller and the DRAMs are almost identical (with the possible exception of which chip selects go to which ranks). Increasing the number of ranks per DIMM is mainly intended to increase the memory density per channel. Too many ranks in the channel can cause excessive loading and decrease the speed of the channel. Also some memory controllers have a maximum supported number of ranks.
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The DECstation 3100 and 2100's memory system contains both the DRAM-based system memory and VRAM-based framebuffers. The amount of system memory supported is 4 to 24 MB, organized into six physical memory banks. These systems has 12 SIMM slots that use 2 MB SIMMs, with each SIMM containing 1,048,576 word × 18-bit DRAMs. The SIMMs are installed in pairs (in increments of 4 MB) and the memory system is byte-parity protected.
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Each bit of data in a DRAM is stored as a positive or negative electrical charge in a capacitive structure. The structure providing the capacitance, as well as the transistors that control access to it, is collectively referred to as a DRAM cell. They are the fundamental building block in DRAM arrays. Multiple DRAM memory cell variants exist, but the most commonly used variant in modern DRAMs is the one-transistor, one-capacitor (1T1C) cell.
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The transistor is used to admit current into the capacitor during writes, and to discharge the capacitor during reads. The access transistor is designed to maximize drive strength and minimize transistor-transistor leakage (Kenner, pg. 34). The capacitor has two terminals, one of which is connected to its access transistor, and the other to either ground or VCC/2. In modern DRAMs, the latter case is more common, since it allows faster operation.
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This latter type of grenade could also be modified to be thrown by hand. The shaft protruded down the barrel of the mortar to the charge (of 5 drams of smokeless powder), leaving the bomb itself outside the barrel. A white calico tail was affixed to the bomb to improve the accuracy of its flight. With the barrel affixed to the base the only means of traversing was to turn the entire unit.
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The two CPUs were not cache coherent with one another. Compute nodes were packaged two per compute card, with 16 compute cards plus up to 2 I/O nodes per node board. There were 32 node boards per cabinet/rack. By the integration of all essential sub-systems on a single chip, and the use of low-power logic, each Compute or I/O node dissipated low power (about 17 watts, including DRAMs).
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His son, Giovanni Andolfati also became an actor. Pietro played the commedia dell'arte role of the amoroso or innamorati for the theater company of P. Rossi, later became lead comic figure and director by 1792 in the theater in the via del Cocomero in Florence, then director of the Accademia dei Filodrammatici a Milano. He also was an independent author of drams and translator of French and Spanish works to Italian.Treccani entry.
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The State Tax Service had already sparked controversy when it inspected the books of the Gyumri- based TV station GALA last October shortly after the latter broke ranks to provide airtime to Ter-Petrossian. GALA was subsequently fined almost 27 million drams ($87,000) for alleged tax evasion and other violations. A Gyumri court endorsed the fraud accusations on March 19. The cash-strapped broadcaster paid the hefty penalty only after a week-long fund-raising campaign.
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Sense amplifiers are required to resolve the voltage differential into the levels specified by the logic signaling system. Modern DRAMs use differential sense amplifiers, and are accompanied by requirements as to how the DRAM arrays are constructed. Differential sense amplifiers work by driving their outputs to opposing extremes based on the relative voltages on pairs of bitlines. The sense amplifiers function effectively and efficient only if the capacitance and voltages of these bitline pairs are closely matched.
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Memory write operations are similar, but with the roles reversed. The MDCs instead accumulate four 128-bit transactions from the MIC over four 20 nanosecond cycles before writing to the memory in one 512-bit transaction. The memory is implemented with 512 KB or 2 MB DRAM chips and organised into one to eight "strings", the smallest group of DRAMs required to fill the width of a 64-byte LSB bus transaction. Each string consists of 144 DRAM chips.
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Meeting with China Prime Li Keqiang In April 2010 the new energy block of Yerevan Thermal Power Station was launched, built with support of Japan Bank for International Cooperation. Total installed capacity got equal to 271.7 MW, out of which 242 MW of electric capacity and 434.9 GJ/h. Work of the new plant got more effective for 14-14.5 billion drams. In period before 2011 69 Low power hydro electric stations were built, producing 1.4 billion kWt electricity per hour.
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The early CoCos only have eight RAM sockets, so upgrading to 32K requires piggybacking two sets of 4116 chips and adding a few jumper wires. A later motherboard revision removed the 4K RAM option and were upgraded to 32K with "half-bad" 4164 DRAMs. These boards have jumpers marked HIGH/LOW to determine which half of the memory chip was good. As memory production yields improved and costs went down, many (perhaps most) 32K CoCo 1s shipped with perfectly good 4164 memory chips.
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577 Black Powder Express built by Holland and Holland, with which he hunted various game all over the world. He mentioned that it was ideal for any animal bigger than the fallow deer and smaller than the cape buffalo, "as the .577 is the most fatal weapon I ever used,and with 6 or 61/2 drams of powder it is quite equal to any animals in creation, provided the shot is behind the shoulder". Arthur Henry Neumann preferred the .
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A collection of Pazhwak's two short stories _ "Wanderer" and "A Woman" were published in Kabul in 2006. The booklet titled "A Woman" also offers the English translation of these short stories.[17] Included in Pazhwak's body of fiction writing are some dramas but most of the texts belong to the genre of storytelling including short stories and novelettes. The drams, short stories (dastan-i kuta) and novelettes (nawil) stem from Western literature but are nowadays an established part of modern Afghan prose writing (nasr-i adabi).
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Rambus's technology was based on a very high speed, chip-to-chip interface that was incorporated on dynamic random-access-memory (DRAM) components, processors and controllers, which achieved performance rates over ten times faster than conventional DRAMs. Rambus's RDRAM transferred data at 600 MHz over a narrow byte-wide Rambus Channel to Rambus-compatible Integrated Circuits (ICs). Rambus's interface was an open standard, accessible to all semiconductor companies, such as Intel. Rambus provided companies who licensed its technology a full range of reference designs and engineering services.
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These commands can be pipelined to improve performance, with previously started operations completing while new commands are received. The memory is divided into several equally sized but independent sections called banks, allowing the device to operate on a memory access command in each bank simultaneously and speed up access in an interleaved fashion. This allows SDRAMs to achieve greater concurrency and higher data transfer rates than asynchronous DRAMs could. Pipelining means that the chip can accept a new command before it has finished processing the previous one.
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Electric Yerevan had been preceded by previous smaller movements against price hikes on marshrutkas public transportation and a new mandatory pension savings system. Then in June 2015, the Armenian Public Services Regulatory Committee (PSRC) increased the price of electricity for the public. The cost increased by 7 drams (US$0.01) per kilowatt hour, to be effective on August 1, 2015. This was the third price increase for electricity over the last few years, with most recently in 2013 having it risen by about a third.
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Iodosulfate of Quinine Crystals—The beautiful crystallisation for the polariscope may be prepared (Microscop) as follows. Mix 3 drams of pure acetic acid with 1 dram of alcohol; add to these 6 drops of diluted (1:9) sulfuric acid. One drop of this fluid is to be placed on a glass slide and the merest atom of quinine added. time given for solution to take place; then upon the a very fine glass rod a very minute drop of tincture of iodin(sic) is to be added.
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However, the government was pressing ahead with plans to reopen the airport , and raised about 1 billion drams ($2.8 million) for its reconstruction from unspecified "charitable sources". It began building a new airport terminal and repairing the runway in late 2009. In any case, its unresolved status makes direct air communication with other countries all but impossible according to IATA conventions. Though originally scheduled to launch the first commercial flights on 9 May 2011, Artsakh officials postponed a new reopening date throughout the whole of 2011.
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At this time, a hunter of dangerous game would fire, gallop away on horseback to a safe distance, reload, and fire again, repeating this process up to 30 times for an African elephant. The first 4 bores were probably single barrel muzzleloaders converted from British fowling pieces that were, in essence, slug guns. Loads (bullet weights and gunpowder loads) varied greatly. As the weight and strength increased, gunpowder loads went from 8 drams (0.5 oz) of powder to a full ounce (16 drams). The advent of rifling after about 1860 allowed longer conical projectiles to be stabilised, and, aside from accuracy, these provided even greater weight and penetration, with some hardened lead or steel bullets weighing as much as 2000 grains. The 4 bore was also occasionally used for shooting exploding projectiles. Although 4-bore firearms were commonly referred to as "rifles", smoothbore version of the weapon were actually more popular, and remained so throughout the era of 4-bore usage. Since dangerous game was shot at ranges under 40 yards, a smoothbore was sufficiently accurate, while at the same time providing higher velocities and lower recoil, and needing less cleaning.
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FB-DIMM DDR2 vs DIMM DDR2 Fully buffered DIMM architecture introduces an advanced memory buffer (AMB) between the memory controller and the memory module. Unlike the parallel bus architecture of traditional DRAMs, an FB-DIMM has a serial interface between the memory controller and the AMB. This enables an increase to the width of the memory without increasing the pin count of the memory controller beyond a feasible level. With this architecture, the memory controller does not write to the memory module directly; rather it is done via the AMB.
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Pennyweight and grains are still used to weigh gooseberries in competitions in Cheshire, northwest UK. Over the Pennines in Yorkshire the alternative drams and grains measurement has been used since a new set of scales was purchased by the Egton Bridge Old Gooseberry Society in 1937. As of 2018, the world record for the heaviest gooseberry of () was held by Kelvin Archer of Cheshire. The most common abbreviation for pennyweight is dwt; d, for the Roman denarius, was the abbreviation for penny before Decimalisation of the British monetary system. Alternate abbreviations are pwt and PW.
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In 1844, Delino Dexter Calvin, an American businessman, rented space on Garden Island to conduct his timber exportation business as the location was ideal as it provided a sheltered bay for building rafts of timber and for access to retrieve the bound rafts. Further, it allowed Calvin to operate within the British (commonwealth) system which enabled shipping to Great Britain. Vertically integrated, Calvin arranged shipment via company offices in Liverpool and Glasgow. The rafts were fastened together into units called "drams" that could be as large as one-half mile in length.
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Interleaving the memory subsystem doubles the bandwidth of a non-interleaved memory subsystem using the same DRAMs, allowing the Model 200 Series to achieve an effective maximum bandwidth of 100 MB/s. An optional 1 MB NVRAM module that provides a disk cache to improve performance can be installed in one of the SIMM slots (slot 14, the SIMM slot closest to the front edge of the system module). The module uses a battery to prevent data from being lost in case of power failure. The module is useful only when optional software is installed.
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Despite maintaining an extravagant lifestyle, Tsarukyan's companies post only modest revenues. His Ararat Cement factory —officially the most profitable of his businesses— occupies only the 45th place in the Armenian Statistical Service's annual ranking of tax payers, with tax contributions totaling 1.3 billion drams in 2007 (about US$3.8 million in 2007). In contrast, another smaller Ararat-based plant (which smelts gold ore) paid more taxes despite standing idle during much of 2007 due to a change of ownership.Mining Giant Remains Armenia's Top Taxpayer, Armenia Liberty (RFE/RL), January 29, 2008.
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When the row address is supplied by a counter within the DRAM, the system relinquishes control over which row is refreshed and only provides the refresh command. Some modern DRAMs are capable of self-refresh; no external logic is required to instruct the DRAM to refresh or to provide a row address. Under some conditions, most of the data in DRAM can be recovered even if the DRAM has not been refreshed for several minutes.Lest We Remember: Cold Boot Attacks on Encryption Keys , Halderman et al, USENIX Security 2008.
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Up until the mid-1980s, the capacitors in DRAM cells were co-planar with the access transistor (they were constructed on the surface of the substrate), thus they were referred to as planar capacitors. The drive to increase both density, and to a lesser extent, performance, required denser designs. This was strongly motivated by economics; a major consideration for DRAM devices, especially commodity DRAMs. The minimization of DRAM cell area can produce a denser device (which could be sold at a higher price), or a lower priced device with the same capacity.
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A trench capacitor's depth-to- width ratio in DRAMs of the mid-2000s can exceed 50:1 (Jacob, p. 357). Trench capacitors have numerous advantages. Since the capacitor is buried in the bulk of the substrate instead of lying on its surface, the area it occupies can be minimized to what is required to connect it to the access transistor's drain terminal without decreasing the capacitor's size, and thus capacitance (Jacob, pp. 356–357). Alternatively, the capacitance can be increased by etching a deeper hole without any increase to surface area (Kenner, pg. 44).
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Considered a nuisance in logic design, this floating body effect can be used for data storage. This gives 1T DRAM cells the greatest density as well as allowing easier integration with high-performance logic circuits since they are constructed with the same SOI process technologies. Refreshing of cells remains necessary, but unlike with 1T1C DRAM, reads in 1T DRAM are non- destructive; the stored charge causes a detectable shift in the threshold voltage of the transistor. Performance-wise, access times are significantly better than capacitor-based DRAMs, but slightly worse than SRAM.
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"Outbreak of Japan-US Semiconductor War" . By 1986, all United States chip makers had stopped making DRAMs. William R. Nester. "American Industrial Policy: Free or Managed Markets?". 2016\. p. 115. In 1985, when 64K DRAM memory chips were the most common memory chips used in computers, and when more than 60 percent of those chips were produced by Japanese companies, semiconductor makers in the United States accused Japanese companies of export dumping for the purpose of driving makers in the United States out of the commodity memory chip business.
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The RAM in the Macintosh consisted of sixteen 4164 64k×1 DRAMs. The 68000 and video controller took turns accessing DRAM every four CPU cycles during display of the frame buffer, while the 68000 had unrestricted access to DRAM during vertical and horizontal blanking intervals. Such an arrangement reduced the overall performance of the CPU as much as 35% for most code as the display logic often blocked the CPU's access to RAM. This caused the computer to run slower than several of its competitors, despite the nominally high clock rate.
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In the late 1980s IBM had built DRAMs using dual-edge clocking feature and presented their results in the International Solid-State Circuits Convention in 1990. Samsung demonstrated the first DDR memory prototype in 1997, and released the first commercial DDR SDRAM chip (64Mb) in June 1998, followed soon after by Hyundai Electronics (now SK Hynix) the same year. The development of DDR began in 1996, before its specification was finalized by JEDEC in June 2000 (JESD79). JEDEC has set standards for data rates of DDR SDRAM, divided into two parts.
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On 19 October 2011, Samsung companies were fined €145,727,000 for being part of a price cartel of ten companies for DRAMs which lasted from 1 July 1998 to 15 June 2002. The companies received, like most of the other members of the cartel, a 10-% reduction for acknowledging the facts to investigators. Samsung had to pay 90% of their share of the settlement, but Micron avoided payment as a result of having initially revealed the case to investigators. In Canada, during 1999, some DRAM microchip manufacturers conspired to price fix, among the accused included Samsung.
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To continue miniaturization of microelectronics, new materials are needed as dimensions change. There are three main applications for thin ruthenium films in microelectronics. The first is using thin films of ruthenium as electrodes on both sides of tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) or barium strontium titanate ((Ba, Sr)TiO3, also known as BST) in the next generation of three-dimensional dynamic random access memories (DRAMs). Ruthenium thin-film electrodes could also be deposited on top of lead zirconate titanate (Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3, also known as PZT) in another kind of RAM, ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM).
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Although, in absolute figures, the most common capacitors are integrated capacitors (e.g. in DRAMs or flash memory structures), this article is concentrated on the various styles of capacitors as discrete components. Small capacitors are used in electronic devices to couple signals between stages of amplifiers, as components of electric filters and tuned circuits, or as parts of power supply systems to smooth rectified current. Larger capacitors are used for energy storage in such applications as strobe lights, as parts of some types of electric motors, or for power factor correction in AC power distribution systems.
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He also used to organise concert programs for radio, and created a drams titled Visit This Place Once Again which became a prominent drama among Pashtuns. He wrote numerous plays, including Chagha (Cry), Pagha (Turbine) and Zh Suk Yam (Who Am I) for the Radio's entertainment programs. It is believed he introduced several singers to music, including Mashooq Sultan, and Hidayatulla and trained them in Lahore at the central production unit of Radio Pakistan. While working with stated-owned radio station, he produced more than one thousand songs and used to play sitar musical instrument.
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'Gun explosion at Shoeburyness' The Times 16 November 1912 On 9 January 1913 an 18 pounder gun was being tested.'The gun accident at Shoeburyness' The Times 10 January 1913 Due to a clerical error by the officer in charge, a charge of 1lb 15oz 5 drams was used instead of 1lb 5oz. When fired the breech of the gun blew out killing gunners Walter Pearson (aged 34) and Harry Hubbard (aged 26). An inquest was held on 11 January 1913 which recorded a verdict of accidental death.
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Heather collaborated with the Scottish Health Education Group to produce a screening and intervention pack for general practitioners called DRAMS (Drinking Responsibly and Moderately with Self-control). Heather has stated the Scottish Health Education Group was an important and innovative group in the 1970s and 1980s but was closed down by the government for criticising government policy. Although other researchers later delivered some of the research trials that more convincingly proved the effectiveness of brief intervention approaches, Heather has continued to play a significant and influential role in their continued development including involvement in many further research trials and journal articles.
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Henri Charr, also credited as H. Charr,IMDB, example of credit as Henri Charr is an Assyrian filmmaker born in Iran and living in Southern California. He started in educational films and documentaries, then turned to mainstream cinema in genres including thrillers, drams, action-adventure, family films and comedies. In the early 1990s Charr made a trilogy of action films: Under Lock and Key, Caged Hearts and Cell Block Sisters. In the mid-1990s Char made family films; My Uncle: The Alien was a Selection at the Brussels International Festival of Fantasy, Thriller and Science Fiction Films.
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Today the village features the "Wheel o Drams" (locally known as "The Stargate") sculpture by Andy Hazell, an unusual piece of modern art formed from a circle of coalmining dram trucks to commemorate the industrial heritage of this locality within the history of the South Wales Valleys. The village shared three railway stations with neighbouring Hengoed over the years (see Hengoed railway station). There are two pubs in Maesycwmmer: The Maesycwmmer Inn and The Angel (a third, The Butchers Arms, became an Indian restaurant called The Spice Tree). Maesycwmmer was a creation of the Industrial Revolution in the South Wales Coalfield.
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The wordline length is limited by the desired performance of the array, since propagation time of the signal that must transverse the wordline is determined by the RC time constant. The bitline length is limited by its capacitance (which increases with length), which must be kept within a range for proper sensing (as DRAMs operate by sensing the charge of the capacitor released onto the bitline). Bitline length is also limited by the amount of operating current the DRAM can draw and by how power can be dissipated, since these two characteristics are largely determined by the charging and discharging of the bitline.
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Since many computer systems have some form of DRAM on board, DRAMs can be used as an effective system-level PUF, which was presented for the first time by Tehranipoor et al. DRAM is also much cheaper than static RAM (SRAM). Thus, DRAM PUFs could be a source of random but reliable data for generating board identifications (chip ID). The advantage of the DRAM PUF is based on the fact that the stand-alone DRAM already present in a system on a chip can be used for generating device specific signatures without requiring any additional circuitry or hardware.
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The oka, okka, or oke (Ottoman Turkish اوقه) was an Ottoman measure of mass, equal to 400 dirhems (Ottoman drams). Its value varied, but it was standardized in the late empire as 1.2829 kilograms.OED; but Kélékian gives 1.285 kg 'Oka' is the most usual spelling today; 'oke' was the usual contemporary English spelling; 'okka' is the modern Turkish spelling, and is usually used in academic work about the Ottoman Empire. In Turkey, the traditional unit is now called the eski okka 'old oka' or kara okka 'black okka'; the yeni okka 'new okka' is the kilogram.
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In 1988, Teece founded the Law and Economics Consulting Group with other professors from UC Berkeley, providing expert witness testimony in cases including Oracle’s PeopleSoft merger battle. Teece has worked on matters in industries ranging from music recording to DRAMS, software, lumber, and petroleum, and has testified in both state and federal court, before Congress, and before the Federal Trade Commission, as well as in international jurisdictions. In the 2000 Napster, Inc. case, record companies acting as plaintiffs hired Teece to write an expert report in an attempt to shut down the free digital file- swapping site.
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After announcing intent to enter the home computer market in December 1978, the Atari 400 and Atari 800 were presented at the Winter CES in January 1979 and shipped in November of the same year. The names originally referred to the amount of memory: 4 KB RAM in the 400 and 8 KB in the 800. By the time they were released, RAM prices had started to fall, so the machines were both released with 8 KB, using 4kx1 DRAMs. The user-installable RAM modules in the 800 initially had plastic casings but this proved to have overheating issues, so the casings were removed.
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New characters and segments were introduced including The Rectifiers (a Midlands-based parody of the 60s espionage/sci-fi series, The Champions), Eddie Giraffe (a short but tough New York cop) and Jay Clough (a series of badly edited crime drams from the 1950s). Hugh Pugh and Mr. Ffff were brought over from the original Barry Welsh series. The series' supporting cast consisted of former Barry Welsh is Coming cast members Kim Wall, Gordon Kennedy & Felicity Montagu, actress Harriet Halfhead and singer & television presenter Emma Walford. Only two episodes of the six-part series were broadcast in March 2004 with the remaining four episodes shown in August 2004.
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Four models were offered, the 8032SK, 8096SK, and the new 8296 and 8296-D. The 8296 models had 128k of memory (96k on the expansion memory board) and the 8296-D had two internal half-height 8250 drives. In addition, the 8296 came bundled with an office suite on disk and the system ROMs included a menu program to launch each of its four applications. Early units contained leftover 8032/96 PCBs in order to get rid of remaining stock; after these were used up, Commodore equipped the machines with a new PCB that replaced the old triple-voltage 4116 DRAMs with more modern types.
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The Gleichamberg Quarry operated from 1897 to 1981 and employed up to 140 workers (in 1927). There is also a cableway with which basalt was transported in coal drams to the basalt works at the station in Römhild and to Gleichamberg. In the forest settlement (Waldhaussiedlung), on the saddle between the two Gleichberge, there is a "corner station" (Winkelstation) where the Römhild Cableway (Römhilder Seilbahn) changed direction. It was also a sawmill. During the Nazi era, from August 1943 to March 1945, there was a forced labour camp in the Römhild Quarry in which up to about 400 "defaulting foreign" forced labourers were interned.
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During a break in the 6th round match between Ararat Yerevan and Pyunik Yerevan, Andreasyan, with a group of unknown assailants, reportedly beat up a photojournalist when he photographed Andreasyan. Later, Andreasyan and a group of unidentified people were prosecuted for this event. On 28 April, during a regular meeting of the Disciplinary Committee of the Football Federation of Armenia, the question of recognizing Andreasyan an unwelcome person in Armenian football for his hooliganic, obscene and unsportsmanlike conduct was discussed. In addition, for his disruptive behavior at halftime of the Ararat and Pyunik match, Andreasyan was banned for five matches and the club was fined 115,000 drams ($275).
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Both prescription and non-prescription dosages of pills are always measured in the SI system with the most common unit being the milligram. Smaller dosages use micrograms. Because the SI prefix μ (mu) is not well known among many Americans and is not available on most keyboards the medical industry uses the abbreviation mcg to denote micrograms. For vitamins, nutrient amounts are given in gram denominations or WHO standardized international units, known as IU. The sizes of pill containers, when occasionally spoken of, are predominantly discussed in terms of fluid drams, although most also contain cubic centimeters and sometimes fluid ounces on the specifications.
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Nripendra Narayan (1862–1911) was the Maharaja of Koch Bihar from 1863 to 1911. An avid sportsman, Narayan did most of his big game shooting mounted on elephant from a howdah. In his book Thirty-seven years of big game shooting in Cooch Behar, the Duars, and Assam, Narayan listed the total big game shot by him or his hunting party from 1871 to 1907 as; 365 tigers, 311 leopards, 207 rhinoceros, 48 bison, 133 bear, 259 sambar and 318 barasingh. Over the course of his hunting career, Narayan shot with "almost every variety of weapon", although he makes mention of a 4 bore double-barreled rifle firing 15 drams (26.6 g) of black powder, a .
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Persian Achaemenid Daric, circa 490 BC Solidus of Roman Emperor Valentinian II Gold was used in commerce (beside other precious metals) in the Ancient Near East since the Bronze Age, but coins proper originated much later, during the 6th century BC, in Anatolia. The name of king Croesus of Lydia remains associated with the invention (although the Parian Chronicle mentions Pheidon of Argos as a contender). In 546 BC, Croesus was captured by the Persians, who adopted gold as the main metal for their coins. The most valuable of all Persian minted coinage still remains the gold drams, minted in 1 AD as a gift by the Persian King Vonones (Matthew 2.1–23).
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Contrary to popular assumption, DRAMs used in most modern computers retain their contents for several seconds after power is lost, even at room temperature and even if removed from a motherboard.Halderman, 2008, p1 Many products do cryptographic and other security-related computations using secret keys or other variables that the equipment's operator must not be able to read out or alter. The usual solution is for the secret data to be kept in volatile memory inside a tamper-sensing enclosure. Security processors typically store secret key material in static RAM, from which power is removed if the device is tampered with. At temperatures below −20 °C, the contents of SRAM can be ‘frozen’.
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Notable hunters that used the rifles included Sir Samuel White Baker and Frederick Selous, who used it consistently in his career as an ivory hunter of African elephants between 1874 and 1876 until the advent of the lighter, more accurate and less cumbersome Nitro Express calibers and cordite propellant. In the mid-1870s, Selous favoured a four bore black powder muzzleloader for killing elephant, a short barreled musket firing a quarter pound bullet with as much as 20 drams (540 grains) of black powder. He could wield it even from horseback. Between 1874 and 1876, he slew exactly seventy-eight elephants with that gun, but eventually there was a double loading incident together with other recoil problems.
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As the processor could only address at a time, the ROM was mapped into memory, and only of RAM (plus 4 KB in between the ROMs) were available at startup. Most "breadbox" Commodore 64s used 4164 DRAM, with eight chips to total up 64K of system RAM. Late breadbox models and all C64Cs used 41464 DRAM (64K×4) chips which stored 32 KB per chip, so only two were required. Since 4164 DRAMs are 64K×1, eight chips are needed to make an entire byte, and the computer will not function without all of them present. Thus, the first chip contains Bit 0 for the entire memory space, the second chip contains Bit 1, and so forth.
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"Speed of Sound" was used over the opening credits of the Peter Sollett film Nick and Norah's Infinite Playlist. This song also featured on the various artists compilation album compiled by The Flaming Lips, Late Night Tales: The Flaming Lips. "I Am the Cosmos" has been played live by Big Star, Beck, The Posies, Gigolo Aunts, The Jayhawks, and The Drams, and has also been covered by This Mortal Coil, together with a version of "You and Your Sister". Scarlett Johansson and Pete Yorn recorded "I Am the Cosmos" for their 2009 album Break Up. "I Am the Cosmos" is mentioned in the song "Paradise" on Richard Ashcroft's 2002 album Human Conditions.
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In the 1970s-80s, RAM reliability was often less-than-perfect; in particular, the 4116 DRAMs which were an industry standard from 1975 to 1983 had a considerable failure rate as they used triple voltages (-5, +5, and +12) which resulted in high operating temperatures. By the mid-1980s, these had given way to single voltage DRAM such as the 4164 and 41256 with the result of improved reliability. However, RAM did not achieve modern standards of reliability until the 1990s. Since then errors have become less visible as simple parity RAM has fallen out of use; either they are invisible as they are not detected, or they are corrected invisibly with ECC RAM.
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The Kraków grzywna, used in Poland, weighed anywhere from 196.26 g to 201.86 g, depending on the timeframe. In the 14th century, it was equal to 196.26 g, while in the beginning of the 16th century in weighed 197.684 g, but after 1558 it was equivalent to 201.802 g and after 1650 it was 201.86 g. The Kraków grzywna was subdivided thus: 4 wiarduneks or quarters = 8 ounces = 16 drams = 24 skojecs = 96 grains = 240 denarii = 480 obols As a measure of unit of exchange, the Kraków grzywna was equal to 48 Prague groschen. During the rule of Władysław I the Elbow-high 576 denarii were struck from one Kraków grzywna of silver.
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Today, only the small Gleision Colliery drift mine exists, one of three privately owned coal mines still surviving in the South Wales Coalfield. Working the same area as the Tirbach Slants, National Union of Mineworkers records suggest the development was active from 1962. The current workings of two drifts has been active from 1980, accessing the Ynisarwed seam, with miners working the face by kneeling or lying down. The main drift of provides access from a conveyor for a gauge railway, on which up to six drams at a time are moved to two surface tipplers, from which the local council have authorised access for lorries of up to 15 tonnes in laden weight.
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Excavations at Tigranakert began in March 2005, when it was first discovered, and are currently ongoing under the directorship of Dr. Hamlet L. Petrosyan of the Armenian Academy of Sciences' Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography. Archaeologists have uncovered two of the main walls of the city, as well as Hellenistic-style towers and an Armenian basilica dating to fifth to seventh centuries. In 2008, the excavation team began to face funding issues, although the authorities of the Republic of Artsakh have promised to allocate 30 million drams to continue further research. In June 2010, a museum dedicated to the study and preservation of artifacts unearthed from Tigranakert's ruins was opened in the adjacent Shahbulag Castle, near the former city of Aghdam.
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" Ben Zimmer, executive editor for Vocabulary.com, disputes the "egg-n-grog" theory as lacking proof; Zimmer states that the term "nog" may be related to the "Scottish term nugg or nugged ale, meaning "ale warmed with a hot poker." The Online Etymology Dictionary states that the term "egg nog" is an American term introduced in 1775, consisting of the words "egg" and "nog", with "nog" meaning "strong ale". The first example of the term "eggnog" was in 1775, when Maryland clergyman and philologist Jonathan Boucher wrote a poem about the drink which was not published until 30 years after his death: "Fog-drams i' th' morn, or (better still) egg-nogg, / At night hot-suppings, and at mid-day, grogg, / My palate can regale".
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On December 8, Corus announced that Drive-In Classics would be rebranded as a Canadian version of Sundance Channel (now known as SundanceTV) on March 1, 2010 under an agreement with the American channel's owner, AMC Networks (formerly known as Rainbow Media Holdings, LLC, a subsidiary of Cablevision), which would not own any stake in the Canadian channel. The channel was rebranded on March 1, 2010 as planned, focusing its programming on independent films, documentaries, scripted drams and comedies, and musical performances. In February 2018, a notice was posted on Sundance Channel's website that the channel was closed on March 1, 2018. Shortly after this, the channel space that was created by Drive-In Classics in 2001 simply ceased to exist.
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The new machine used a standard green-phosphor monitor in place of the white in the original 2001. It now had a conventional, full-sized keyboard and no longer sported the built-in cassette recorder. The kernel ROM was upgraded to add support for Commodore's newly-introduced disk drive line. It was offered in 8 KB, 16 KB, or 32 KB models as the 2001-N8, 2001-N16, and 2001-N32 (the 8 KB models were dropped soon after introduction). The 2001-N switched to using conventional DRAM instead of the 6550 (1kx4) SRAM in the original model. PET 2001-8Ns had eight 2108 (8kx1) DRAMs and 2001-16Ns used sixteen 2108s. The PET 4016 used eight 4116 (16kx1) chips. All 32k PETs used sixteen 4116 chips.
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The removal of the 12V power supply crippled some peripherals such as the original floppy disk controller, which then needed to be upgraded, installed in a Multi-Pak interface, or supplied with external power. The CoCo 2 was sold in 16K and 64K models. 16K models use 16Kx1 DRAMs, but the chips are not the common 4116; they are instead 6665 chips (Radio Shack P/N 8040517), which uses only +5V power rather than the triple voltages used by the 4116. 64K models use standard 4164 chips and have a control register at $FFDE/$FFDF to switch between the second 32K of RAM and the OS ROMs. With the ROMs banked out, the entire 64K of system RAM can be accessed.
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The Model III avoided the complicated power on/off sequence of the Model I. Shortly after the Model III's introduction, Model I production was discontinued as it did not comply with new FCC regulations as of January 1, 1981 regarding electromagnetic interference. Tandy distinguished between the high-end Model II and Model III, describing the latter as "an administrative system, good for things like word processing, data management and VisiCalc operations" and suitable for small businesses. The lowest-priced version of the Model III was sold with 4KB of RAM and cassette storage. The computer's CPU board has three banks of sockets (8 sockets to a bank) which take type 4116 DRAMs, so memory configurations come in 16KB, 32KB, or 48KB RAM memory sizes.
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Uthselan, Vengkathevan, Sargunam and Rajarajan hatches a plan to indirectly educate the people of the real situation by street drams and stage plays. Nagavelan founds about this and arrests Uthselan and Vengkathevan but Uthselan reminds that the state's law says that should there be no candidate for the king, the royal elephant would be sent off to garland then man of its own choice. King Keerthivarman agrees to this and carries out the process immediately and leaves to Nangoor but Nagavelan orders Udhayachandhran to kill the person who is garlanded by the elephant Sargunam joins Nagavelan's court as an astrologer in order to find out more of Nagavelan's plans. Meanwhile, princess Rama learns from Priyamohini that Rajarajan is a good hearted, brave and well mannered man liked by his country's people and begins to fall for Rajarajan.
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Gagik Tsarukyan started his business activities in the 1980s. During 1990-1992 he was the executive director of "Armenia" company and in 1992 he was involved in animal husbandry activities, establishing a dairy production enterprise in Arinj village near Abovyan. In 1995, Gagik founded and presided over Multi Group Concern, which now includes Kotayk Brewery in Abovyan, Yerevan Chemical Pharmaceutical Company, "Mek" Network of Furniture Stores, Yerevan Ararat Brandy-Wine-Vodka Factory, "Ararat" cement Factory, "Aviaservice" JSC, "Multi Stone" stone Processing Company, "Multi Rest House" Company, "Global Motors" CJSC, "Multi City House" Company and other companies and organizations. In 2002, the Yerevan Ararat Brandy Factory was acquired by the Multi Group Concern, which invested around US$50 million-equivalent Armenian drams for the modernization and constructional works, in obtainment of new line of bottling and oak barrels.
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Every animal Oswell shot, except 3 elephant, were subsequently completely eaten by his camp followers or local tribesmen, he once fed 600 highly emaciated men, women and children of the Bakaa tribe for 7 weeks and sent them home with an abundant supply of meat. According to Sir Samuel Baker, Oswell "was a first-rate horseman, and all of his shooting was from the saddle, or by dismounting for a shot after he had run his game to bay." Always shooting game from the closest possible range, Oswell had horses he was riding killed by buffalo and white rhinoceros, and on one occasion a lioness landed on his horse's rump. Oswell did almost all of his hunting with a double- barrelled 10 bore muzzle loader made by Purdey which weighed , fired 5 to 6 drams (8.9 to 10.6 g) of fine powder and was specially built to fire solid balls.
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Byte, pg.5 Pak II also added a "split screen" function, allowing a portion of the screen to be placed in graphics mode and the rest in text mode, which some considered a necessity.Beebe The MA512 had a number of problems that were addressed in the later MA520, released in 1982. In particular, the software interface required only two of the input/output "ports", but a single MA512 would lock down an entire set of eight, typically F0 to FF. This made expanding a system with a complete set of eight MicroAngelo boards difficult, because the eight cards and the associated palette card would end up using up the vast majority of 256 available ports. The MA520 locked down only the two ports it actually used. The MA520 also used 64 kB DRAMs and 2732 EPROMs to reduce chip counts and expand the frame buffer to 64 kB.
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The Denton music scene received the #1 rank for "Top 10 under recognized music locations" in the world, on a culture blog called Listverse. Denton bands include longtime mainstay and two-time Grammy Award-winning Brave Combo, EXIT 380, The Wee-Beasties, Norah Jones, Deep Blue Something, The Ducks (not the former Moby Grape band), Lift to Experience, Centro-Matic, Brutal Juice, Six Hard Brothers and a Dog, Drunk Skunks, Harry Has a Head Like a Ping Pong Balls, SayWhat, Chyeah Boi, the Don't Be Scurd, OkieDoke, South San Gabriel, Slobberbone, Pops Carter and the Funkmonsters, The Drams, Bosque Brown, Eli Young Band, Matthew and The Arrogant Sea, Midlake, Record Hop, History At Our Disposal, The Marked Men, Fergus & Geronimo, The Wax Museums, Violent Squid, and Neon Indian. Several music festivals are hosted in Denton, including 35 Denton and the Denton Arts and Jazz Festival.
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The floating body effect is usually a parasitic effect that bedevils circuit designs, but also allows a DRAM-like cell to be built without adding a separate capacitor, the floating body effect then taking the place of the conventional capacitor. Because the capacitor is located under the transistor (instead of adjacent to, or above the transistor as in conventional DRAMs), another connotation of the name "Z-RAM" is that it extends in the negative z-direction. Theoretically, a reduced cell size would have allowed denser storage, which in turn could (when used with large blocks) have improved access times by reducing the physical distance that data would have to travel to exit a block. For a large cache memory (as typically found in a high-performance microprocessor), Z-RAM would then have been potentially as fast as the SRAM used for conventional on- processor (L1/L2) caches, but with lower surface area (and thus cost).
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"Dram" equivalence is sometimes still used as a measure of the powder charge power in a shotgun shell. Today, it is an anachronistic equivalence that represents the equivalent power of a shotgun shell containing this equivalent amount of black-powder measured in drams avoirdupois. A dram in the avoirdupois system is the mass of pound or ounce or 27.3 grains. The reasoning behind this archaic equivalence is that when smokeless powder first came out, some method of establishing an equivalence with common shotgun shell loads was needed in order to sell a box of shotgun shells. For example, a shotgun shell containing a 3 or 3 1/2 dram load of black-powder was a common hunting field load, and a heavy full power load would have contained about a 4 to 4-1/2 dram load, whereas a shotgun shell containing only a 2 dram load of black-powder was a common target practice load.
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Manual, pg. 4 The card read data from the computer at speeds that demanded the use of SRAM memory, as opposed to lower cost DRAMs. Control signals and setup was sent and received using the S-100 bus's input/output "ports", normally mapped to 0E and 0F. 0E contained an 8-bit address pointing to the base of the frame buffer in main memory, while 0F was a bit-mapped control register with various setup information. The Dazzler supported four graphics modes in total, selected by setting or clearing bits in the control register (0F) that controlled two orthogonal selections. The first selected the size of the frame buffer, either 512 bytes or 2 kB. The other selected normal or "X4" mode, the former using 4-bit nybbles packed 2 to a byte in the frame buffer to produce an 8-color image, or the latter which was a higher resolution monochrome mode using 1-bits per pixel, 8 to a byte. Selecting the mode indirectly selected the resolution. In normal mode with a 512 byte buffer there would be 512 bytes × 2 pixels per byte = 1,024 pixels, arranged as a 32 by 32 pixel image.
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Illustration from A hunter's wanderings in Africa Frederick Courtney Selous (1851–1917) was an English born hunter, explorer, soldier and writer. Selous arrived in South Africa in 1870 determined to become an elephant hunter, hunting and trading predominantly in Mashonaland and Matabeleland until 1881, subsequently conducting several return hunting trips to Africa as well as hunting trips to Asia Minor, Wyoming, Transylvania, Canada, Sardinia, Kenya, the Yukon, Norway and the Sudan. Over the course of his life Selous shot 106 elephant, 177 buffalos, 31 lions, 23 white rhinoceros, 28 black rhinoceros, 67 giraffe and numerous antelope in Africa. Additionally, Selous shot moose, wapiti, caribou, wolf, lynx, deer and pronghorn in North America, red deer and wild goat in Asia Minor and red deer, reindeer, chamois and mouflon in Europe. Selous was provided with a large number of rifles by British gunmakers in the hope of his endorsement, but he makes mention of 2 Dutch made 4 bore muzzle loading 2 grove Roer rifles which weighed about and fired 4 oz balls driven 16 – 18 drams of powder, an 8 bore single-barrelled rifle, a 10 bore muzzle loading single-barrelled rifle, a 10 bore breech loading single-barrelled rifle, several 10 bore breech loading double rifles, a 12 bore double breech loading smooth bore made by W.W. Greener, at least one .
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