Like Auggie, I endured numerous surgeries to correct facial disfigurements.
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Why is it that disorders of the body so often involve disfigurements of language as well?
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There is no standard when it comes to the language and the representation surrounding facial disfigurements.
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"Being around other people who have suffered through facial disfigurements made me feel less alone," says Widgington.
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Sure enough, following this synthesized fever during early development, the chicken embryos developed facial disfigurements and heart defects.
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People with Crouzon syndrome and other conditions that result in facial disfigurements are not represented in mainstream media.
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"The paint would eat them alive," Ms. Epstein told the judges, pointing at drawings of the women's facial disfigurements.
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His aggressive normalcy can be inspiring to children, most of whose disfigurements, while severe, are not as severe as his.
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Yet just two weeks after I wrote about equality for individuals with disfigurements in a national paper, the abuse began.
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This cutting-edge procedure offers a much-needed option for individuals with severe facial disfigurements, typically the result of traumatic injuries.
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He chose to limit reconstructive surgery to the eyelids, and thereafter wore a red baseball cap to cover the worst disfigurements.
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He is played by Rosenthal (Adam Pearson, a British actor who himself has facial disfigurements caused by neurofibromatosis, a genetic condition).
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Yabe's figurines own their scars — an inspiration as 2018 inflicts fresh wounds and leaves us wondering what do with our disfigurements.
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Now a new book, "Portrait Positive," featuring images of 16 women with facial disfigurements by the British photographer Rankin, is aiming to change that.
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But many will also require extensive surgeries to correct their skeletal abnormalities and facial disfigurements, and some can also have hearing loss or dental problems.
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How can individuals with disfigurements and physical differences be expected to accept ourselves and love our differences, when we aren't even worthy of mainstream inclusion?
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Her most popular photograph, "Night View, New York," from 1932, offers an overhead view of Midtown that is oddly oblivious to the disfigurements of the Depression.
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How are individuals with facial disfigurements supposed to be seen as equal when we still face discrimination in every area of our lives every single day?
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The Americans with Disabilities Act classifies facial disfigurement as a form of disability, recognizing the fact that individuals with facial disfigurements encounter discrimination and prejudice because of their appearance.
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For this is not the comedy of deracination it at first seems; it's a comedy of re-racination, of discovering one's authentic self by stripping away the disfigurements of ambition.
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The story concerns the making of an English art film called The Undesirables, about a eugenicist experimenting on people with disabilities and disfigurements in order to "cure" the world of all abnormality.
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It is an investigation into how history in general, and film history specifically, has perceived people with disfigurements, all done with a tongue-in-cheek attitude toward political correctness, but also genuine heart.
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Can opera companies, many of them struggling at the box office, broaden their appeal by cutting without alienating their core audience of connoisseurs, who tend to view such cuts as disfigurements close to vandalism?
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The models feature in a picture project by Tai, photographer Rankin and charity Changing Faces, which aims to challenge how beauty is viewed in the fashion industry with portraits of women with visible scars, conditions and disfigurements.
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And while people of color, women, trans and/or gender nonconforming individuals, and every other marginalized population absolutely deserve increased representation in Hollywood, individuals with disfigurements are completely left out of almost every single inclusion-related study.
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In an interview, Dr. Jeffrey Marcus, the chief of pediatric plastic surgery at Duke University, who has treated thousands of patients in his 15-year tenure, told me that we all have very personal responses to disfigurements like scars.
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In that world, I'd be able to go about my business or show up to a job interview without having my entire being called into question by strangers, and others with facial disfigurements would be truly viewed as a valuable addition to society.
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Individuals with craniofacial disorders and facial disfigurements help make up the more than 50 million individuals living with disability in the US. According to research from the Ruderman Foundation, individuals with disabilities account for 20 percent of the population, yet fewer than 1 percent of characters on television are portrayed as having a disability.
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For example, in many jurisdictions, so-called "ugly laws" barred people from appearing in public if they had diseases or disfigurements that were considered unsightly.
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Disfigurements affecting visible areas, such as the face, arms, and hands, are thought to present greater difficulty for sufferers to cope with than do other disfigurements. Deliberate mutilation resulting in physical disfigurement has also been practiced by many cultures throughout human history for religious or judicial purposes. During the Byzantine Empire, the emperor was considered God's viceregent on Earth, and as such, the physical wholeness of his person was an essential complement to the perfection of Heaven. For this reason, many deposed emperors were blinded, had their noses cut off, or their tongue split by their successors, as these permanent disfigurements disqualified them from ever reclaiming the throne.
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In 2010, at the age of 13, Lucas wrote an article which appeared in the 25 January 2010 issue of The New Statesman, challenging the "unconscious ideas and assumptions" society has of people with disfigurements.
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Consequently, it is believed among followers that giving offerings to Akkorokamui will heal ailments of the body, in particular, disfigurements and broken limbs. Shrines in dedication to Akkorokamui and associated octopus deities are found throughout Japan.
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Ethiopiaid is a UK-registered charity that generates public funding for local charity partners in Ethiopia. It supports organisations who work in poverty reduction, healthcare, empowerment of women & girls, elder support, children with disabilities, surgery for facial disfigurements and educational access.
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He wears a dental prosthetic to conceal his disfigurements. At some point he escaped from Chinese custody and reinvented himself as Raoul Silva, a cyberterrorist for hire, becoming a high ranking member of Spectre, and began forming a plan to get revenge against M.
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Some are concerned that the current situation is inhumane, with upwards of 50 scars and disfigurements from vessel strikes on a single manatee.Florida boaters killing endangered manatees. Cyber Diver News Network. 11 January 2006 Often, the lacerations lead to infections, which can prove fatal.
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It was considered fashionable for Greek women to have a pale complexion. Roman women also favoured a pale complexion. Wealthy Romans favoured white lead paste, which could lead to disfigurements and death. Men also wore makeup to lighten their skin tone; using white lead powder, chalk, and creams.
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Accessed online 1 February 2008.Emmett Watson, Tale Of One Of Seattle's Most Famous Faces Is No Fish Story, Seattle Times, December 27, 1990, reproduced on FreshSeafood.com, accessed 12 October 2008. Walter DeMarsh of Mobeta Shoes has made custom shoes for people with foot disfigurements and deformities since 1979.
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Fritz wanders home, and makes his way to a closet full of lingerie-clad mannequins, all with puncture marks and other disfigurements. As he slowly makes his way to a particular mannequin, we hear the voice-over again telling us that the insanity is hereditary, as he repeatedly stabs the mannequin, releasing his pent up rage and craziness.
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He has a physical disability with many disfigurements and illnesses due to "centuries of inbreeding." Meanwhile, Jack is shocked to see his ex-wife Bianca (Isabella Rossellini) enter the room. When she comes over to say hello, Jack introduces Liz as his live-in girlfriend. She likes Liz and tells Jack not to let her get away.
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Dr. Savary (Elliott), a sinister biochemist, has created a subhuman species that dwells in London's underground. Addicted to Savary's mind-expanding drug, his creations suffer from grotesque disfigurements. The victims' only hope for an antidote lies in kidnapping Nicole (Cowper), a high- class prostitute. Roy Bain (Lamb), a fearless adventurer and Nicole's former lover, is hired to save her.
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The pottery portraits created by the Moche appear to represent actual individuals. Many of the portraits are of individuals with physical disfigurements or genetic defects. The realistic detail in Moche ceramics may have helped them serve as didactic models. Older generations could pass down general knowledge about reciprocity and embodiment to younger generations through such portrayals.
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A traditional form of visual art is body scarification. The Aetas intentionally wound the skin on their back, arms, breast, legs, hands, calves and abdomen, and then they irritate the wounds with fire, lime and other means to form scars. Other "decorative disfigurements" include the chipping of the teeth. With the use of a file, the Dumagat modify their teeth during late puberty.
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The Carver apparently believes that physical beauty is evil and feels compelled to destroy it. He has referred to beauty as a type of prison or cage that people are trapped in and believes it necessary to free such a craftsman's pride in his or her work. He also considers his resulting disfigurements "art" – a new kind of beauty to grace the world.
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Whereas, among the lower and middle class citizens, mobility issues might impede their job prospects. Yet, deformities and impairments could be seen in a negative light in certain situations. For example, people with extreme deformities and disfigurements were occasionally included in spectacles. In these contexts, it was acceptable to insult and humiliate them, such as mocking their appearance addressing those who have lost an eye as cyclops.
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In the 1918 text, the girls do not go home after three months, but plan to stay as long as they can be helpful. Dr. Gys survives, and his disfigurements are remedied by a skilled plastic surgeon. Once Gys is restored to his original good looks, he and Beth become engaged to be married. An engagement also looms for Patsy at the story's end.
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The Habsburgs sought to consolidate their power by frequent consanguineous marriages, resulting in a cumulatively deleterious effect on their gene pool. Health impairments due to inbreeding including epilepsy, insanity and death. The death of King Charles II of Spain, from his disfigurements, led to the War of Spanish Succession. Deon Hollway, "The Habsburg Chin" History Magazine (Dec 2014/Jan 2015) 16#2 pp 6-7.
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Ethiopiaid works with Cheshire Services in Addis Ababa to help disabled children and adults. It also works with Facing Africa who work in support of people affected by noma, a gangrenous disease which can result in severe and painful facial wounds. Facing Africa arrange bi-annual 2 week missions of European surgeons, doctors, anaesthetists and nurses to correct these disfigurements, operating on around 35-40 patients per mission.
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Telogaster opisthorchis can be diagnosed by examining the outer appearance of the host. Generally, the metacercariae of T. opisthorchis will result in characteristic spinal and fin abnormalities that can be observed in the late larval and early juvenile stages of the host. In addition, some other Galaxias species also experience head and jaw disfigurements. At times, metacercarial cysts may also be observed through the skin of the host.
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Junior lapses into a coma as a result of these traumatic injuries. As Junior undergoes years of surgeries to repair his limbs and genitals, Hartigan is framed for Junior's crimes and serves eight years in prison. The surgeries leave Junior horribly disfigured; he now has bright yellow skin and emits a disgusting stench. His disfigurements do not prevent him from killing, however; during the eight years Hartigan is imprisoned, Junior rapes dozens of little girls.
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In oysters the pathogen can cause deformities of the cilia as well as disfigurements of the velum, and eventually death. V. coralliilyticus also kills bacterial cells as well utilizing a Type VI secretion system to kill competitors, even out competing Vibrio cholerae cells in a bacterial killing assay. V. coralliilyticus possesses a host of virulence factors that contribute to its pathogenicity. It has been found to utilize several proteases, secretion systems, hemolysins, resistance factors, and quorum sensing.
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Championship motorcycle road racer Jeremy McWilliams was cast as the motorcyclist, as the film required a "world-class" motorcyclist who could ride through the Scottish Highlands at high speeds in bad weather. The logger was played by the owner of a location researched for the film. For the man with disfigurement, Glazer did not want to use prosthetics. To cast the role, the production team contacted the charity Changing Faces, which supports people with facial disfigurements.
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In 1986 Simon Weston undertook his first goodwill tour, to Australia, at the request of the Guards Association of Australasia. The resulting donations to children's burns units made him begin to feel useful again. Weston became patron of a number of charities that support people living with disfigurements, as well as the lead ambassador for The Healing Foundation. He also set up a national youth charity, Weston Spirit, in 1988 with Paul Oginsky and Ben Harrison, shortly after moving to Liverpool.
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Batman not only holds off the creatures, but uses them in part of an inventive escape. Strange is enthralled by Batman, believing that he has found a genetically perfect man. He creates one final Monster Man using a drop of Batman's blood, and while his creation still has many of the flaws of its "brothers", it lacks most of the grotesque disfigurements that had plagued Strange's earlier creations. Strange is forced to destroy his lab in order to evade capture.
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Todd discovers Karen's body and sees Cropsy armed with a flamethrower, where he begins to remember being involved with the prank. He is attacked by Cropsy, who reveals his disfigurements, and Alfred frees himself to stab him with his own shears. Before they can leave, Cropsy reappears and Todd ultimately slams the axe into his face, killing him. Alfred ignites his body with his own flamethrower and they make their way outside to Michelle, who brought the police with her, as Cropsy's body burns away.
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Many had disfigurements or compromised immune systems which prevented them from getting or keeping jobs. Barbara developed "Hibakusha Handicrafts," finding people to teach them to make simple coin purses and other things which she would bring to the States to sell for them. She often visited the Hiroshima A-Bomb Hospital where the survivors were still succumbing to lethal radiation sickness years after the war had ended. Upon the death of Hiro Hanabusa's grandmother, Barbara adopted him and put him through college in the States.
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Project Harar, also known under the working name Project Harar Ethiopia, is a UK registered charity working in Ethiopia to help children affected by facial disfigurements. In 2011, 873 children and young patients living in poverty and isolation were seen by a doctor through Project Harar. Project Harar works in collaboration with Ethiopian and foreign specialists plastic, oral and maxillofacial surgeons to treat children affected by a variety of conditions, to give them normal facial function and a chance to live dignified lives within their home community.
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Smith flew in the Western Desert until October that year, when a crash during a night takeoff resulted in serious injuries, including facial disfigurements and a broken jaw. Following reconstructive plastic surgery to his face, other operations and five months' convalescence, Smith rejoined No. 237 Squadron in Corsica in May 1944. While there, he attained his highest rank, flight lieutenant. In late June 1944, during a strafing attack on a railway yard in the Po Valley in northern Italy, Smith was shot down by anti-aircraft fire.
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Popular educational sheds are based around a certain skill, such as cooking. Virtual sheds provide an online capability where members from all men's sheds and other remote communities across the country or around the world can actively communicate and be involved in numerous research, writing and photographic activities. The International Historians Association has created a community shed for veteran responders which include police officers, firefighters, paramedics, rescue workers and the military who have injuries, incapacities or disfigurements that make them immobile or unwilling to join local work sheds.
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Prostheses are designed to be as similar as possible to the natural anatomy of each individual. Their purpose is to cover, protect, and disguise facial disfigurements or underdevelopments. When surgical reconstruction is not ideal, craniofacial prosthetics are favored when they can better restore the form and function of the absent facial feature. Craniofacial prosthetics are not wholly considered cosmetic because they replace the physical form and functional mechanics of the absent anatomy and serve a significant role in the emotional stability and rehabilitation of those suffering from facial defects.
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Disabilities from injuries received while in the military were seen as marks of honor as opposed to simple disfigurements, with injuries to the eyes appearing most frequently in both common soldiers and famous personalities such as Hannibal. Many Roman writers, such as Seneca the Younger, would write about the physical failures of prominent Roman civilians who had earned no such honor and whom they wished to lampoon. Roman leaders typically had themselves depicted as physically perfect in statues and coinage. Pliny describes a wealthy but disabled man as being worthy of pity.
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The Burning is a 1981 American slasher film directed by Tony Maylam, and starring Brian Matthews, Brian Backer, Leah Ayres, and Lou David. The plot tells about a summer camp caretaker named Cropsy who is horribly burnt from a prank gone wrong. Years later, after being released with severe disfigurements, he seeks to target those responsible at a nearby summer camp. Based on the New York urban legend of the Cropsey maniac, the screenplay was written by Bob Weinstein and Peter Lawrence, from a story conceived by producer Harvey Weinstein, Tony Maylam, and Brad Grey.
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Although the captive was considered an adoptive kin, disfigurements such as a mutilated nose or missing fingers marked them as captives. Yet an account from the Jesuit missionary, Father Isaac Jogues, seems to suggest that revenge and humiliation were also reasons for taking and torturing captives. He details the ways in which his Iroquois abductors repeatedly beat him with war clubs, tore his fingernails and burned his arms and thighs. Women and youth also had their fill of torturing Father Jogues by beating him with iron rods and yanking out his thumbs.
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The Kingdom of Hawaii, the Republic of Hawaii, the territory, and the state of Hawaii exiled persons suffering from Hansen's disease to the peninsula, from 1866 to 1969. The quarantine policy was lifted after effective antibiotic treatments were developed that could be administered on an outpatient basis and patients could be rendered non-contagious. Many of the residents chose to remain on the peninsula, as they believed their disfigurements from the illness would make reintegration into society impossible. The state promised that they could live there for the rest of their lives.
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According to the official website, "V's use of the Guy Fawkes mask and persona functions as both practical and symbolic elements of the story. He wears the mask to hide his physical scars, and in obscuring his identity – he becomes the idea itself." As noted by several critics and commentators, the film's story and style mirror elements from Gaston Leroux's The Phantom of the Opera. V and the Phantom both wear masks to hide their disfigurements, control others through the leverage of their imaginations, have tragic pasts, and are motivated by revenge.
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In the aftermath of House of M, Callisto is among the many mutants to have lost her powers.Son of M #4 (May 2006) Quicksilver offered to her the Terrigen Mists, stolen from the Inhumans, as a way to restore her powers. Callisto willingly accepted the offer and the Mist effectively restored all her previous abilities (minus her disfigurements and arm-tentacles), but without any control over them. Her new senses are so acute that even a drop of rain causes her tremendous pain; unable to handle it, she fell into a coma.
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Since 2003, Hurt was a patron of the Proteus Syndrome Foundation, both in the United Kingdom and in the US. Proteus syndrome is the condition that Joseph Merrick, who Hurt played (renamed as John Merrick) in The Elephant Man, is thought to have suffered from, although Merrick's exact condition is still not known with certainty. From 2006, Hurt had been a patron of Project Harar, a UK-based charity working in Ethiopia for children with facial disfigurements. Hurt was announced as patron of Norwich Cinema City in March 2013.
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ASF has organised various school and college campaigns to motivate students into taking an active role in preventing of acid violence in their communities. The campaigns also help raise awareness as to the causes of acid violence, which will engender a change in attitude towards women and human relationships. The campaigns also work to sensitise youth to the social rehabilitation needs of victims and to encourage youth not to discriminate against students with scars and disfigurements. Students are also informed as to the proper procedure for dealing with acid attacks.
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Partridge wrote 'Changing Faces: the Challenge of Facial Disfigurement' about his experience, which was published by Penguin Books in 1990. A series of meetings over the following two years led him to found Changing Faces in 1992. Changing Faces is a British charity supporting and representing children, young people, and adults who have disfigurements to the face, hands, or body, whether present from birth or caused by accident, injury, or illness or medical episode. It campaigns to change public opinion and combat discrimination, and to help and support those with a visual difference.
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Cosmetic prosthesis has long been used to disguise injuries and disfigurements. With advances in modern technology, cosmesis, the creation of lifelike limbs made from silicone or PVC, has been made possible. Such prosthetics, including artificial hands, can now be designed to simulate the appearance of real hands, complete with freckles, veins, hair, fingerprints and even tattoos. Custom-made cosmeses are generally more expensive (costing thousands of U.S. dollars, depending on the level of detail), while standard cosmeses come premade in a variety of sizes, although they are often not as realistic as their custom-made counterparts.
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The movie was released in April 1945. Not all the critics were enthusiastic. Writing for The New York Times, critic Bosley Crowther observed A review in Variety on December 31, 1944 stated: “Sensitive love story of a returned war veteran with ugly facial disfigurements, and the homely slavey—both self-conscious of their handicaps—is sincerely told both in the script [based on the play by Arthur Wing Pinero] and outstanding direction of John Cromwell.” In 2018, Jeremy Arnold wrote for TCM that On Rotten Tomatoes the film hold a rating of 83% among critics and 82% among viewers.
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Smith has published chapters and articles in numerous textbooks and medical journals including Head and Neck, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Laryngoscope, Operative Plastic Surgery, Pediatric Annals, Annals of Plastic Surgery, The Breast Journal, The Journal of Reconstructive Miscrosurgery and Microsurgery. In January 2008, he performed a live webcast for OR Live demonstrating breast reconstruction using the DIEP flasp for a patient undergoing bilateral nipple-sparing mastectomies. In May 2009, he was profiled in a three-part documentary entitled A Change of Face, which aired on MSNBC-TV (episode 0427). The mini−series followed patients through the surgical treatment of facial disfigurements.
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During the 1920s, extensive plantings of red pines were undertaken along the hillside behind the Vermont Statehouse and below the tower site. By the 1960s, the stands of pines grew to obstruct what had previously been a clear view of the statehouse and downtown Montpelier from the tower (and vice versa). Between 1933 and 1936, as part of the New Deal, the Civilian Conservation Corps under the direction of the Vermont Forest Service materially enhanced much of the park. These enhancements were done carefully so as to not cause any disfigurements to the landscape, "yet improved enough for greater human enjoyment".
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A treehouse city in the Rain Wilds and the largest city belonging to the mysterious Rain Wild Traders, Trehaug is built above the ruins of an ancient Elderling city. Because of the corrosive nature of the Rain River, Trehaug is actually constructed several feet above ground level - it is a city of complex tree-houses, supported by the forest through which the Rain River runs. Trehaug is inhabited by the mysterious Rain Wild Traders, kin to the Bingtown Traders. The Rain Wild Traders wear veils due to disfigurements that are the price paid for living on the banks of the Rain River.
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The Oompa-Loompas sing about their specific behavior each time disaster strikes the child. With only Charlie remaining in the end, Wonka congratulates him for "winning" the factory. Wonka explains that the whole tour was designed to help him secure a good person to serve as an heir to his business, and Charlie was the only child whose inherent goodness allowed him to pass the test. They ride the Great Glass Elevator to Charlie's house; the other four children each go home with a lifetime supply of chocolate, as well as permanent disfigurements from their misbehavior.
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In some extremely rare cases, the genetics of the animal can be changed by this disease but go unnoticed in terms of physical symptoms; this, if contracted by breeding pigs is very threatening for the potential baby piglets to be born. Piglets born from parents that both have the severest strain of the disease will be born frequently with disfigurements such as a tail that is bulbous, and crooked snouts. The inside of the animal is also affected by the genetic strain by making the muscles and fat of the animal pus filled and also weakens the piglets organs over time resulting in death.
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Inmates of a lazar house were bound by many rules: they must not approach any large town; they must use a clapper or their voice to warn the healthy of their "unclean" presence; and most wore heavy cloaks and even face cloths to hide their disfigurements. Even when living at a house like St. Giles, where food and medicine were provided, most had a begging bowl, for the chance charity of passersby. Leprosy was frightening, as was any other disfiguring disease, and treatments were few. There are not many precise records, but at the height of the disease, there were not enough houses for all who were ill.
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The charity provides psychological support for people with disfigurements, by providing advice, information, counselling, and workshops across the UK. It also provides advice to health professionals, teachers, and employers, by running training courses and study days that enable professionals to develop effective clinical services, inclusive school curricula, and equal-opportunities policies. While modern reconstructive surgery and other medical treatments can make disfigurement less noticeable, some scarring, asymmetry, or change in complexion usually remains. Changing Faces complements medical and surgical interventions by addressing the psychological and social challenges posed by disfigurement. Its services are based on academic research and informed by service users, including a Young People's Council.
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Surgical operations to repair the deformities were not totally successful, left him with a slight facial deformity, and he spoke in a mumble; these handicaps made him the target of bullying at school.Broken Lives (2005), p.18. (Blackburn writes that Cooke had an operation on his lip at 3 months as a baby and for his cleft palate at 3½ years of age.) Cooke's disfigurements also made him ashamed, shy, and emotionally unstable at a young age due to the beatings and bullying that came with it. Though very good at subjects that required retentive memory and manual dexterity, Cooke was expelled from Subiaco State School for stealing money from a teacher's purse at the age of six.
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Within the psychological sciences, there is extensive research linking the behavioral immune system to a variety of prejudices—including prejudices against people who aren't actually diseased but are simply characterized by some sort of visual characteristics that deviate from those of a subjectively prototypical human being. The disease–avoidant processes that characterize the behavioral immune system have been shown to contribute to prejudices against obese individuals, elderly individuals, and people with physical disfigurements or disabilities. In addition, the behavioral immune system appears to contribute to xenophobia and ethnocentrism. One implication is that these prejudices tend to be exaggerated under conditions in which people feel especially vulnerable to the potential transmission of infectious diseases.
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Small cetaceans such as melon-headed whales are vulnerable to fisheries bycatch and may be injured or killed through interactions with fisheries or entanglement in lost or discarded netting. Small numbers of melon-headed whales have been caught incidentally in the longline fishery targeting tuna and swordfish off Mayotte, and in driftnet fisheries in the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Ghana and India. In the eastern tropical Pacific purse-seine tuna fisheries, melon-headed whales have been rarely taken as bycatch. and have not been recorded in the southwest Indian Ocean purse-seine fishery Individual melon-headed whales exhibit injuries such as body scars and dorsal fin disfigurements likely due to interactions with fisheries in Hawaiʻi and near Mayotte in the Mozambique Channel Islands.
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Project Harar was founded after Jonathan Crown, a London-based Chartered Accountant and businessman on a photography vacation, encountered two young boys with facial disfigurements, Fhami and Jemal, begging in the town of Harar, eastern Ethiopia, in 2001. Moved to do something to help, Jonathan Crown spent months organising the trip that would bring Fhami and Jemal to The Gambia, where they received highly complex surgery on board of the M/V Anastasis operated by the charity Mercy Ships.Sarah Harrison, "Accountant gives hope to African 'Boy Davids'", Ham & High Series. 10 May 2002 Since that first trip, Project Harar has collaborated with other charities and the Ethiopian health system, so that patients now receive treatment within Ethiopia, carried out by Ethiopian and volunteer foreign surgeons in hospitals in the capital Addis Ababa.
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On 12 January 2012, the Indian High Commission lodged a formal complaint with the BBC over the "tasteless" antics of Clarkson's Top Gear Christmas special where he mocked India's culture and people. During the 90-minute special, which was aired twice over the Christmas break, Clarkson made a string of jokes about Indian food, clothes, toilets, trains and history. On an episode of Top Gear broadcast on 5 February 2012, Clarkson compared a Japanese car/camper van to a person with a growth on their face. A major UK charity that supports people with facial disfigurements, Changing Faces, complained to the BBC and Ofcom after Clarkson's remarks. In an unused take for a Top Gear feature recorded in early 2012, Clarkson is alleged to have mumbled the ethnic slur "nigger" when repeating the children's rhyme Eeny, meeny, miny, moe.
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This is because an effective immune response to the bacterium is a result of a cellular immune response (T-cell mediated) rather than a humoral response (B-cell/antibody). Lepromatous HD, the more severe and disfiguring form is a result of the patient's immune response being mainly humoral in nature. Antibodies, the main effectors of a humoral response, are ineffective against M. leprae because of the unusually dense and waxy nature of the mycolic acid containing bacterial cell wall, and so the bacterium proliferates, causing the cutaneous disfigurements and peripheral neuropathologies characteristic of the disease. The reason there is little or no response to the lepromin test is that a positive response to lepromin is due to "delayed type hypersensitivity" which is T-cell mediated, and it is the failure of a robust T-cell response that results in the onset of lepromatous leprosy in the first place.
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The story focuses on a man named Joshua Carver who comes to Front Line's attention after performing several minor acts of vigilantism in his hometown, and is offered the chance to use FX 7 to become a superhero by Carrick Masterson, the original inventor of FX 7 and founder of Front Line, who is immortal and ageless from the use of the drug. Joshua takes the pill, and gains incredible powers but with a horrifying side-effect; during the period of physical adjustment to the drug, Joshuas skin, teeth and genitals rot off, leaving him monstrously disfigured. Despite this, he's welcomed into the group and given a costume to cover up his disfigurements. However, after Joshua saves a crashing jet liner, two other members of Front Lines reveal that they had engineered the crash by killing the pilots to allow Joshua to gain positive PR. Throughout the first half of the story, the reader is also shown that Front Line has been using its metahuman forces to control world events through actions such as assassinating Boris Yeltsin, destroying the Iran oilfields, dissolving South Africa, and preventing France from developing nuclear weapons, in the name of world stability.
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