Get bogged down in technical terms like diatonic interval and chromatic diesis and you risk sounding gratingly wonkish.
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The septimal diesis (or slendro diesis) is an interval with the ratio of 49:48 , which is the difference between the septimal whole tone and the septimal minor third. It is about 35.70 cents wide. The undecimal diesis is equal to 45:44 or about 38.91 cents, closely approximated by 31 equal temperament's 38.71 cent interval.
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Some acoustics texts use the term greater diesis for the difference between an octave and four justly tuned minor thirds (tuned in the ratio 6:5), which is equal to three syntonic commas minus a schisma, equal to 648:625 or about 62.57 cents (almost one 63.16-cent division in 19 equal temperament). Being larger, this diesis was termed "greater" while the 128:125 diesis (41.06 cents) was termed "lesser".A. B., "Diesis", The Harvard Dictionary of Music, fourth edition, edited by Don Michael Randel. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2003, p. 241.
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Septimal diesis on C . In music, septimal diesis (or slendro diesis) is an interval with the ratio of 49:48 , which is the difference between the septimal whole tone and the septimal minor third. It is about 35.7 cents wide, which is narrower than a quarter-tone but wider than the septimal comma. It may also be the ratio 36:35,Haluska, Jan (2003).
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His problems were compounded when Diesis suffered from lameness in early April and then injured a leg shortly before his seasonal debut in the 2000 Guineas. On 30 April Diesis started 100/30 favourite for the Guineas, but finished eighth of the sixteen runners behind Lomond. On his only other race, Diesis was beaten by The Noble Player in a seven furlong race at Kempton Park in May.
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In just intonation, three major thirds in succession make up an augmented seventh, which is just short of an octave by 41.05 cents. Adding a diesis to this makes up an octave. Hence, this interval's complement, the diminished second, is often referred to as a diesis.
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Intervals not tempered out by 41-ET include the diesis (128:125), septimal diesis (49:48), septimal sixth-tone (50:49), septimal comma (64:63), and the syntonic comma (81:80). 41-ET tempers out the 100:99 ratio, which is the difference between the greater undecimal neutral second and the minor tone, as well as the septimal kleisma (225:224), 1029:1024 (the difference between three intervals of 8:7 the interval 3:2), and the small diesis (3125:3072).
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In the official International Classification for 1982, Dunbeath was rated the fifth-best two- year-old in Europe behind Diesis, Saint Cyrien, Danzatore and Gorytus. The independent Timeform organisation gave him a rating of 127, six pounds inferior to Diesis, who was their top-rated juvenile. He was rated 115 by Timeform in 1983.
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She was descended from the Irish broodmare No Angel (foaled 1949) who was the female- line ancestor of Kris and Diesis.
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But William of Volpiano subdivided these books into eight parts according to the octoechos system like the tonary, or the troparia in the Byzantine book Octoechos, and within these sections the chant was ordered according to the cycle of the liturgical year starting with advent. He used the neumes of Cluny, the central French forms, without changing them, but he added an own system of alphabetic notation in a second row, which defined the pitches of the melody precisely according to the Boethian diagramm.See Huglo's study of this particular tonary (1956). Including the enharmonic diesis which were represented by signs as "Τ" for E diesis, "Γ" for b diesis, and the last sign written from the right to the left for a diesis (see the figure in the main article).
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Nancy Phillips (2000) offers an overview. Concerning the diesis Guido of Arezzo wrote about 1026 in his treatise Micrologus that the diesis sharpens the usual tonus between re-mi (a-b; d-e; g-h or h-i) with the proportion 9:8 by a proportion of 7:6 (a-˫; d-˧; g-Γ or h-˥).See: . Guido's explanation, how to find this interval at the monochord, made it already evident that the diesis, taken from the "enharmonic" division of the tetrachord, was used here as a microtonal shift in different melodic modes of the diatonic genus.
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Gorytus started the 1/2 favourite with Diesis on 2/1, while the other two runners, Gordian and Tough Commander started at odds of 33/1 and 200/1 respectively. Carson settled Gorytus in third place behind the two outsiders, with Lester Piggott restraining Diesis in last place. The favourite appeared to be going well until half way but then began to struggle and quickly dropped out of contention with Carson looking down at the horse's legs as if he had sustained an injury. Diesis won easily by five lengths, with Gorytus finishing last of the four runners, thirty lengths behind the third-placed Tough Commander.
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This is perceptually indistinguishable from septimal meantone temperament. Since they are the inverse of each other, by definition A4 and d5 always add up to exactly one perfect octave: : A4 + d5 = P8. On the other hand, two A4 add up to six whole tones. In equal temperament, this is equal to exactly one perfect octave: : A4 + A4 = P8. In quarter-comma meantone temperament, this is a diesis (128:125) less than a perfect octave: : A4 + A4 = P8 − diesis.
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Although standing as a stallion in Kentucky, Diesis' most successful progeny ran in Europe, including Epsom Oaks and Irish Oaks winners Diminuendo, Love Divine and Ramruma, Eclipse Stakes winner Elmaamul, and multiple Group 1 winning 10 furlong specialist Halling. He also sired North American Grade 1 winners Continuously, Husband, Rootentootenwooten, ex-English trained Storm Trooper, and 2010 Arlington Million winner Debussy. Diesis was euthanised on 18 November 2006 at Mill Ridge Farm, Lexington, Kentucky after fracturing a hip.
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He was sired by Diesis out of the mare, Highland Ceilidh.Straw Bear Pedigree, pedigreequery.com He is owned by John P. McManus, trained by Nick Gifford, and his primary jockey has been Tony McCoy.
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Three of the above-mentioned commas, namely the diaschisma, the diesis and the greater diesis, meet the definition of the diminished second, being the difference between the sizes in cents of a diatonic and a chromatic semitone (or equivalently the ratio between their frequency ratios). On the contrary, the syntonic comma is defined either as the difference in cents between two chromatic semitones (S2 and S1), or between two diatonic semitones (S4 and S3), and cannot be considered a diminished second.
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At the end of the 1982 season, the independent Timeform organisation gave Gorytus a rating of 132, making him their second-best two- year-old of the season behind Diesis (133). In the official International Classification he was ranked third behind Diesis and the French colt Saint Cyrien. As a three-year-old he was awarded a rating of 123 by Timeform while in the International Classification he was rated thirteen pounds inferior to the top-rated three-year-old Shareef Dancer.
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The small diesis is 3125:3072 or approximately 29.61 cents.Hermann von Helmholtz, On the Sensations of Tone, 2nd English translation by Alexander John Ellis (1885), page 453. Quoted in the Tonalsoft Encyclopedia of Microtonal Music Theory.
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Its size is 27.264 cents, slightly larger than the Pythagorean comma. The composition of the septimal comma and the syntonic comma is 36/35, known as the septimal diesis. Its size is 48.8 cents, making it practically a quarter tone. The septimal diesis appears as the difference between many septimal intervals and their 5-limit counterparts: the minor seventh (9/5) and the seventh harmonic (7/4), the 8/7 septimal whole tone and the 10/9 minor whole tone, the 7/6 septimal minor third and the 6/5 minor third, the 9/7 septimal major third and the 5/4 major third, and many more. Other septimal commas include 49/48 (occasionally called the slendro diesis) (), which commonly appears as the difference between a ratio with 7 in the denominator and another with 7 in the numerator, like 8/7 and 7/6; and 50/49, called the tritonic diesis, because it is the difference between the two septimal tritones, 7/5 and 10/7, or Erlich's decatonic comma, because it plays an important role in the ten-tone scales of Paul Erlich (the intervals are tempered so that 50/49 vanishes).
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113-114, § 258). > In music, the genus is called "harmony" which has the interval of a quarter > great tone (μείζων τόνος) in its scale, and such an interval is called the > "enharmonic" hyphesis or diesis, while the diesis with an interval about > half of a great tone is called "chromatic". Since the small tone (ἐλάχιστος > τόνος) is considered equal to 7 parts, the difference about 3 or 4, which > makes a quarter or a third of the great tone, and the interval E βου—F γα, > equal to 3, can be found through the enharmonic diesis; this applied to a > scale, realizes the enharmonic genus. Aristeides said, that the enharmonic > genus was characterised by the diesis about a quarter of a whole tone. But the difference about 50 cents already made the difference between the small tone (ἐλάχιστος τόνος) and the Western semitonium (88:81=143 C', 256:243=90 C'), so it did not only already appear in the hard chromatic genos, but also in the Eastern use of dieses within the diatonic genus and in the definition of the diatonic genus in Latin chant treatises.
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Gorytus ran very poorly (he was widely believed to have been drugged) and Diesis won his second Group One race very easily. He was the highest rated European two-year-old in the 1982 International Classification, a collaboration between the official handicappers of Britain, France and Ireland. Diesis was also rated the best two-year-old of the season by the independent Timeform organisation. The spring of 1983 was unusually cold and wet, and Henry Cecil, along with many other trainers, had difficulty bringing his horses to peak fitness.
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Ramruma, a small, lightly-built chestnut filly with a white star, was bred at the Kentucky branch of her owner, Fahd bin Salman's Newgate Stud, sired by Diesis out of the mare Princess of Man. Diesis won the rare double of the Middle Park Stakes and the Dewhurst Stakes in 1982, before becoming an "excellent" sire, producing the winners of at least 25 Group One races including Halling, Diminuendo and Elmaamul. Princess of Man was a successful racemare winning the Musidora Stakes in 1978. In addition to Ramruma she was the dam of the Lingfield Oaks Trial winner Ausherra.
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Diminuendo was a chestnut filly with a white star and three white socks, bred in Kentucky by Nancy Dillman. She was from the first crop of foals sired by Diesis, a British-bred stallion who was the top-rated two-year-old in Europe in 1982. Diesis went on to become a successful breeding stallion, and though based at Mill Ridge Stud in Kentucky, he had his greatest successes in Europe: his best winners included Love Divine, Ramruma, Elmaamul and Halling. Diminuendo's dam, the American-bred mare Cacti, also produced Pricket, a filly who finished second in the 1996 Epsom Oaks.
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In music, a breedsma is an interval between pitches with the ratio of 2401:2400,Haluska, Jan (2003). The Mathematical Theory of Tone Systems, p.xxviii. . which is the difference between the septimal diesis (49:48, also known as Slendro diesis) and the septimal sixth-tone (50:49, also known as jubilisma). It is about 0.72 cents (). : 2401/2400 = 128/75 / (8/7)4 : 2401/2400 = (7/6)4 / 50/27 It is therefore the difference between one kind of classic diminished seventh and four septimal major seconds, or four septimal minor thirds and one kind of classic major seventh.
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In 12 equal temperament this interval is not tempered out; the septimal whole tone and septimal minor third are replaced by the normal whole tone and minor third. This makes the diesis a semitone, about twice its "correct" size. The septimal diesis is tempered out by a number of equally tempered tuning systems, including 19-ET, 24-ET and 29-ET ; these tunings do not distinguish between the septimal whole tone and septimal minor third. It is not tempered out however by 22-ET or 31-ET (or indeed any equal temperament with at least 30 steps).
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Diesis (23 April 1980 – 18 November 2006) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. An outstanding two-year-old in 1982, he failed to live up to expectations at three, but went on to become an extremely successful breeding stallion, based in the United States.
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The smallest interval in 31 equal temperament (the "diesis" of 38.71 cents) is half a chromatic semitone, one-third of a diatonic semitone and one-fifth of a whole tone, so it may function as a quarter tone, a fifth-tone or a sixth-tone.
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The octave is divided into a fractional number of steps. Twelve equally tempered steps per octave are used in 12-tet. The Bohlen–Pierce scale could be described as 8.202087-tet, because a full octave (1200 cents), divided by 146.3… cents per step, gives 8.202087 steps per octave. Dividing the tritave into 13 equal steps tempers out, or reduces to a unison, both of the intervals 245:243 (about 14 cents, sometimes called the minor Bohlen–Pierce diesis) and 3125:3087 (about 21 cents, sometimes called the major Bohlen–Pierce diesis) in the same way that dividing the octave into 12 equal steps reduces both 81:80 (syntonic comma) and 128:125 (5-limit limma) to a unison.
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Flemensfirth is a bay horse bred by the Mill Ridge Farm at Lexington, Kentucky. He was sired by the dual Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe winner Alleged out of the Diesis mare Etheldreda. He was bought as a yearling for $290,000 by Sheikh Mohammed and sent into training with John Gosden in England.
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In 1982 the independent Timeform organisation gave Sayf El Arab a rating of 110, 23 pounds inferior to their top two-year-old Diesis, and commented that he appeared "barely to stay 6f". In the British Free Handicap he was more highly regarded, being placed fourteen pounds behind Diesis with a weight of 119 pounds. In the following year he was rated 127 by Timeform, nine pounds behind their best sprinter Habibti whilst in the official International Classification he was rated eleven pound inferior to the top-rated three-year-old Shareef Dancer. In their annual Racehorses of 1983 described him as a horse capable of winning more good races but one who could not be relied upon to reproduce his best form.
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In music, sharp, dièse (from French), or diesis (from Greek) means higher in pitch. More specifically, in musical notation, sharp means "higher in pitch by one semitone (half step)". Sharp is the opposite of flat, which is a lowering of pitch. An associated sharp symbol that resembles the number sign "#", , occurs in key signatures or as an accidental.
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The South African Film and Television Awards (SAFTA), also known as the Golden Horns, are awards for film and television presented in South Africa and first given out in 2006. They are awarded by the National Film and Video Foundation of South Africa (NFVF). The categories that are awarded at the jury's discretion are marked by a diesis ().
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Example 1: Take the 2-dimensional lattice of perfect fifths (ratio 3/2) and just major thirds (ratio 5/4). Choose the commas 128/125 (the diesis, the distance by which three just major thirds fall short of an octave, about 41 cents) and 81/80 (the syntonic comma, the difference between four perfect fifths and a just major third, about 21.5 cents). The result is a block of twelve, showing how twelve-tone equal temperament approximates the ratios of the 5-limit. Example 2: However, if we were to reject the diesis as a unison vector and instead choose the difference between five major thirds (minus an octave) and a fourth, 3125/3072 (about 30 cents), the result is a block of 19, showing how 19-TET approximates ratios of the 5-limit.
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Retired for breeding, Royal Heroine produced seven foals. Although bred to notable sires such as Sadler's Wells and American Triple Crown winner, Affirmed, none achieved success in racing. However, her daughter Castilian Queen (Diesis) did produce the French Grade 1 Prix de l'Abbaye winner Carmine Lake (Royal Academy). According to the British Racing Post, Royal Heroine died at age twenty-two.
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The diatonic genus is composed of tones and semitones. The chromatic genus is composed of semitones and a minor third. The enharmonic genus consists of a major third and two quarter-tones or diesis . After the introduction of the Aristoxenos system (see below), the framing interval of the fourth is fixed, while the two internal (lichanoi and parhypate) pitches are movable.
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A just intonation version of the quarter-comma meantone temperament may be constructed in the same way as Johann Kirnberger's rational version of 12-TET. The value of 5 · 35 is very close to 4, which is why a 7-limit interval 6144:6125 (which is the difference between the 5-limit diesis 128:125 and the septimal diesis 49:48), equal to 5.362 cents, appears very close to the quarter-comma () of 5.377 cents. So the perfect fifth has the ratio of 6125:4096, which is the difference between three just major thirds and two septimal major seconds; four such fifths exceed the ratio of 5:1 by the tiny interval of 0.058 cents. The wolf fifth there appears to be 49:32, the difference between the septimal minor seventh and the septimal major second.
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Dylan Thomas is a bay horse bred in Ireland by Tower Bloodstock. He was trained in Ireland by Aidan O'Brien and owned by Sue Magnier and Michael Tabor. He was sired by Danehill out of Lagrion, a daughter of Diesis. Dylan Thomas is a half brother to the 2001 European champion two-year-old filly, Queen's Logic and to the 2012 1000 Guineas winner Homecoming Queen.
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Rockfel's time at stud was brief: in November 1941 she became ill and died of a "twisted gut". Earlier that year she had produced her only foal, a colt sired by Hyperion. Named Rockefella, he won three races and sired the 2000 Guineas winner Rockavon and the leading Japanese sire China Rock. Rockefella was also the damsire of Sharpen Up, the sire of Pebbles, Kris, Diesis and Sharpo.
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In his school a unique tonary was already written, when he was reforming abbot of St. Benignus of Dijon. The tonary shows the Roman-Frankish mass chant written out in neume and pitch notation. The repertory is classified according to the Carolingian tonary and its entirely diatonic octoechos. The use of tyronic letters clearly shows, that the enharmonic diesis was used as a kind of melodic attraction within the diatonic genus, which sharpened the semitonium.
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Comparison of notes derived from, or near, twelve perfect fifths (B) Traversing the circle of fifths can result in a B that is higher than C by 23.46 cents, the ratio of twelve just perfect fifths (B) to seven octaves being 531,441 / 524,288, the Pythagorean comma. A B that is three just major thirds above C is lower than the octave by an interval called a diesis, 125:128 or 41.06 cents.
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Division of the octave into 19 equal-width steps arose naturally out of Renaissance music theory. The ratio of four minor thirds to an octave (648:625 or 62.565 cents - the “greater diesis”) was almost exactly a nineteenth of an octave. Interest in such a tuning system goes back to the 16th century, when composer Guillaume Costeley used it in his chanson Seigneur Dieu ta pitié of 1558. Costeley understood and desired the circulating aspect of this tuning.
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Dialed In retired in 2012 to Darby Dan Farm in Lexington, Kentucky, and begin his breeding career in 2013. His first stud fee was set at $7,500, and remained the price for four years until doubling in 2017 after meeting success as a stallion. Dialed In's first foal was born January 13, 2014 at Sierra Farm near Lexington. The chestnut colt, later named Dial Josh, was out of the Gr.II winning mare Diadella (by Diesis (horse)).
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After the race Dettori praised the colt's "terrific turn of foot." On his final start of the season, Bahamian Bounty attempted to become the first Middle Park winner to add the seven-furlong Dewhurst Stakes since Diesis in 1982. As in the Middle Park Stakes, Bahamian Bounty had trouble finding a clear run after being held up. On this occasion, however, he could not reach the leaders and finished fourth to In Command, beaten less than two lengths.
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One of William's innovations as a cantor and notator was an alphabetic pitch notation. Its point of reference was the Boethian diagram, which displayed the double octave of the systema teleion in the diatonic (semitonium-tonus-tonus), the chromatic (semitonium- semitonium-trihemitonium), and the enharmonic tetrachord (diesis-diesis- ditonus). The different positions were represented by alphabetical letters, except the dieses which had special signs not unlike the tyronic letters used by Boethius: Alphabetic notation invented by William of Volpiano: the letters referred to the Boethian diagramme This alphabetic pitch notation not only offers insights into microtonal shifts used by the cantors of this local school, it proves that the common projection of the piano keyboard on the medieval tone system is inadequate. Like many other letter systems used since the 8th century, also the system of William of Volpiano represented the positions of the Boethian diagram, and the enharmonic signs used for the dieses represented not a change into another genus, but microtonal attractions within the diatonic melos of a certain mode.
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Marchetto's innovations are in three areas: tuning, chromaticism, and notation of time-values. He was the first medieval writer to propose dividing the whole tone into more than two parts. A semitone could consist of one, two, three, or four of these parts, depending on whether it was, respectively, a diesis, an enharmonic semitone, a diatonic semitone, or a chromatic semitone. Marchetto preferred to widen major intervals and narrow minor ones for melodic effect, the opposite of what the later meantone temperament does.
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Division of the octave into 31 steps arose naturally out of Renaissance music theory; the lesser diesis -- the ratio of an octave to three major thirds, 128:125 or 41.06 cents — was approximately a fifth of a tone or a third of a semitone. In 1555, Nicola Vicentino proposed an extended-meantone tuning of 31 tones. In 1666, Lemme Rossi first proposed an equal temperament of this order. In 1691, having discovered it independently, scientist Christiaan Huygens wrote about it also.
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A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical symbol that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. It is one of the modern descendants of the obelus, a mark used historically by scholars as a critical or highlighting indicator in manuscripts. (The term obelisk derives from the ('), which means "little obelus"; from (') meaning 'roasting spit'). A double dagger or diesis is a variant with two handles that usually marks a third footnote after the asterisk and dagger.
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In English the word "microtonality" is mentioned in 1946 by Rudi Blesh who related it to microtonal inflexions of the so-called "blues scales" . It was used still earlier by W. McNaught with reference to developments in "modernism" in a 1939 record review of the Columbia History of Music, Vol. 5 . In German the term Mikrotonalität came into use at least by 1958 (; ), though "Mikrointervall" is still common today in contexts where very small intervals of early European tradition (diesis, comma etc.) are described, as e.g.
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Selkirk was a chestnut horse with a white blaze and long white socks on his hind legs, bred in Pennsylvania by his owner George Strawbridge. He was sired by Sharpen Up, a British racehorse who won the Middle Park Stakes in 1971 before becoming a successful breeding stallion. His other progeny included Pebbles, Kris and Diesis. Selkirk's dam, Annie Edge was a successful racemare for Strawbridge on both sides of the Atlantic, winning the Park Stakes in 1983, and the New York Stakes a year later.
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As a juvenile, Diesis won three races from four starts. After running fifth in a maiden race on his debut he won the Rhys-Jenkins and Standing Stakes by seven lengths. He was then moved up in class and won the Group One Middle Park Stakes over six furlongs at Newmarket Racecourse in October. Later that month he returned to Newmarket for the Dewhurst Stakes over seven furlongs, in which he was matched against Gorytus an unbeaten colt from the Dick Hern stable with an exceptional reputation.
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Reliance was based in England for his stud career, standing at the Harwood Stud in Newbury, Berkshire. He had his greatest success as a sire of stayers, with his progeny including Proverb (Chester Vase, Goodwood Cup, Doncaster Cup), Recupere (Prix du Cadran) and Tug of War (Goodwood Cup). He was also the sire of the broodmare Doubly Sure, the dam of Kris and Diesis. Other daughters produced the champion sprinter Moorestyle, the Ascot Gold Cup winner Longboat and the St. James's Palace Stakes winner Persian Heights.
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An incomposite interval is "bounded by successive notes" in a scale: "If the bounding notes are successive, no note has been left out; if none has been left out, none will intervene; if none intervenes, none will divide the interval; and what does not admit of division will not be composite".Aristoxenus, Harmonic Introduction III:2, translated in Andrew Barker, Greek Musical Writings: Volume 2, Harmonic and Acoustic Theory, Cambridge Readings in the Literature of Music 2 (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989): 172. . Gaudentius (before the 6th century CE) explains incomposite intervals as scale-building elements: Aristides Quintilianus (writing probably in the 3rd century AD) enumerates the incomposite intervals: "the smallest, so far as their use in melody is concerned, is the enharmonic diesis, followed—to speak rather roughly—by the semitone, which is twice the diesis, the tone, which is twice the semitone, and finally the ditone, which is twice the tone".Aristides Quintilianus, De musica, translation from Andrew Barker, Greek Musical Writings: Volume 2, Harmonic and Acoustic Theory, Cambridge Readings in the Literature of Music 2 (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989): 410. .
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In the official International Classification for 1982, L'Emigrant was rated the seventh-best two-year-old in Europe. The independent Timeform organisation gave him a rating of 125, eight pounds below their top-rated two-year-old Diesis. In 1983 the International Classification rated L'Emigrant the best three-year-old colt in France, the third best three-year-old colt in Europe behind Shareef Dancer and Caerleon and the fifth best horse of any age. Timeform gave him a rating of 129, seven pounds behind their highest-rated horse Habibti.
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In 1982, the International Classification, compiled by the official handicappers of Britain, Ireland and France awarded Ma Biche a rating of 81, making her the highest rated two-year-old filly in Europe, six pounds behind the leading colt Diesis. The independent Timeform organisation also named Ma Biche as the best two-year-old filly, with a rating of 123. In 1983, Ma Biche was rated on 82 in the International Classification, placing her seventh among the European three-year-old fillies. She was given a Timeform rating of 126.
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Diesis was a chestnut horse with a white star and three white socks bred in England by his owner 9th Baron Howard de Walden. He was sired by Sharpen Up out of the noted broodmare Doubly Sure, making him a full brother to the champion miler Kris, and a half- brother to several other good winners including Rudimentary (Sandown Mile). The colt was named after the printer's symbol "‡" also known as a "double dagger". He was trained by Henry Cecil at his Warren Place stable in Newmarket, Suffolk.
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Similarly, major semitones and minor semitones are more often and more appropriately referred to as minor seconds (m2) and augmented unisons (A1), or diatonic and chromatic semitones. Unlike almost all uses of the terms major and minor, these intervals span the same number of semitones. They both span 2 semitones, while, for example, a major third (4 semitones) and minor third (3 semitones) differ by one semitone. Thus, to avoid ambiguity, it is preferable to call them greater tone and lesser tone (see also greater and lesser diesis).
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Sanglamore was a chestnut horse with a white blaze and a long white sock on his left hind leg bred in Kentucky by Juddmonte Farms the breeding organisation of his owner Khalid Abdullah. He was sired by Sharpen Up, a British racehorse who won the Middle Park Stakes in 1971 before becoming a successful breeding stallion. His other progeny included Pebbles, Kris, Trempolino, and Diesis. Sanglamore's dam Ballinderry was a high-class racemare who won the Ribblesdale Stakes at Royal Ascot and finished third in the Yorkshire Oaks.
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In the closing stages he stretched away from the field, despite Carson never resorting to the whip, and won by five lengths from the Guy Harwood-trained Proclaim. When asked about the colt's targets after the Champagne Stakes, Hern replied "the Dewhurst, the 2000 Guineas and the Derby". Bookmakers responded by making Gorytus 4/1 favourite for the Guineas and 5/1 favourite for the Derby. Gorytus' final race of the season was the Group One Dewhurst Stakes at Newmarket Racecourse on 15 October, in which he was matched against the Middle Park Stakes winner Diesis.
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In the Free Handicap for 1982 (a ranking of the best two-year-olds to race in Britain) Wassl was assigned a weight of 119 pounds, 14 pounds behind the top-rated Diesis. The independent Timeform organisation gave the colt a rating of 93 p, with the "p" indicating that he was expected to make more than usual improvement. In their annual Racehorses of 1982 they described him as "a very interesting prospect indeed". The following year saw Wassl awarded a 125 rating by Timeform, ten pounds inferior to their best three-year-old colt Shareef Dancer.
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Kris was a dark chestnut horse with white socks on his hind feet, bred in England by his owner Lord Howard de Walden. He was sired by Sharpen Up and was the first foal of the broodmare Doubly Sure, making him a full brother to the champion two-year-old Diesis, and a half-brother to several other good winners including Rudimentary (Sandown Mile). The colt was named after a type of double-edged Malayan dagger. He was trained throughout his racing career by Henry Cecil at his Warren Place stable in Newmarket, Suffolk and was ridden in all of his races by Joe Mercer.
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Even in Guido of Arezzo's treatise Micrologus, at least in earlier copies, there is still a passage which explains, how the diesis can be found on the monochord. It sharpens the semitonium by replacing the usual whole tone (9:8) between re—mi (D—E, G—a, or a—b) by an even larger one in the proportion of 7:6 which was usually perceived as an attraction towards fa.See Guido of Arezzo's Micrologus in the edition by Martin Gerbert (1784, p. 11). But there were as well other practices which could not be explained by the Boethian diagram and its use of tonus and semitonium.
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In the ancient Greek enharmonic genus, the tetrachord contained a semitone of varying sizes (approximately 100 cents) divided into two equal intervals called dieses (single "diesis", δίεσις); in conjunction with a larger interval of roughly 400 cents, these intervals comprised the perfect fourth (approximately 498 cents, or the ratio of 4/3 in just intonation) . Theoretics usually described several diatonic and chromatic genera (some as chroai, "coloration" of one specific intervallic type), but the enarmonic genus was always the only one (argumented as one with the smallest intervals possible). Vicentino's archicembalo in cents Guillaume Costeley's "Chromatic Chanson", "Seigneur Dieu ta pitié" of 1558 used 1/3 comma meantone and explored the full compass of 19 pitches in the octave .
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Love Divine is a bay mare owned and bred by Trevor Harris's Lordship Stud in Newmarket, Suffolk. Her sire Diesis won the rare double of the Middle Park Stakes and the Dewhurst Stakes in 1982, before becoming an "excellent" breeding stallion, producing the winners of at least 25 Group One races including Halling, Diminuendo and Elmaamul. Love Divine's dam, La Sky finished second in the Lancashire Oaks and was a half-sister of the Champion Stakes winner Legal Case. The filly, who was named after the popular hymn by Charles Wesley, was sent into training with Henry Cecil at his Warren Place stable in Newmarket and was ridden in five of her six races by Richard Quinn.
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Two years later he returned to Guadalajara, ordained a priest, and in the 1940s he headed the Diesis Commission on the Arts. He built a series of religious buildings around the state, including the Main Seminary, the chapel at Ciudad Granja, and the churches of Solitude, Holy Cross, and the Sacred Heart, as well as others in small towns. Two of his best known (and appreciated) works are: the house of the Rébora family (2052 Lerdo de Tejada; built in 1934), and the Aranguren residence, also in Guadalajara. In general, one must also highlight his residential compounds, which combine the local tradition of the patio, while allotting great individuality to each unit.
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It may be considered a diesis.Thomas Christensen, ed. (2002). The Cambridge History of Western Music Theory, p.186. . The septimal 1/3-tone, along with the septimal diesis is tempered out by five-tone equal temperament, and equal temperaments which divide the octave into a small multiple of 5 steps, such as 15-TET and 25-TET. This family of scales is known as Blackwood temperament in honor of Easley Blackwood, Jr., who first analyzed 10-note subsets of 15-TET that take advantage of the temperament. When added to the 15:14 semitone, the 21:20 semitone and 28:27 semitone produce the 9:8 tone (major tone) and 10:9 tone (minor tone), respectively.
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The difference between this just-tuned B and C, like that between G and A, is called the "enharmonic diesis", about 41 cents (the inversion of the 125/64 interval: 128/125 = 2^7/3^3 )). The major third is classed as an imperfect consonance and is considered one of the most consonant intervals after the unison, octave, perfect fifth, and perfect fourth. In the common practice period, thirds were considered interesting and dynamic consonances along with their inverses the sixths, but in medieval times they were considered dissonances unusable in a stable final sonority. A diminished fourth is enharmonically equivalent to a major third (that is, it spans the same number of semitones).
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The continuing wet weather forced the abandonment of several trial races, including the Chester Vase (an intended target for Teenoso) and few of the previous year's leading two-year- olds (including Diesis Dunbeath and Gorytus) showed any worthwhile form. Teenoso's improving form and proven ability on heavy ground saw him made third favourite for the Lingfield Derby Trial in May. He took the lead five furlongs from the finish and stayed on well to win by three lengths from Shearwalk. When Lester Piggott, who had won the race eight times previously, elected to ride Teenoso in the Derby, the colt was strongly supported in the betting and started 9/2 favourite in a field of twenty-one runners.
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Division of the octave into 31 steps arose naturally out of Renaissance music theory; the lesser diesis – the ratio of an octave to three major thirds, 128:125 or 41.06 cents – was approximately a fifth of a tone and a third of a semitone. In 1666, Lemme Rossi first proposed an equal temperament of this order. Shortly thereafter, having discovered it independently, scientist Christiaan Huygens wrote about it also. Since the standard system of tuning at that time was quarter-comma meantone, in which the fifth is tuned to 51/4, the appeal of this method was immediate, as the fifth of 31-et, at 696.77 cents, is only 0.19 cent wider than the fifth of quarter-comma meantone.
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Paean was a bay horse with a large white star bred and owned by John Scott- Ellis, 9th Baron Howard de Walden a prominent member of the Jockey Club. Other horses to race in Lord Howard de Walden's apricot colours included Kris, Diesis and Slip Anchor. Paean was one of the best horses sired by Bustino, who won 1973 St Leger and the 1974 Coronation Cup as well as finishing second to Grundy in a famous race for the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes. Paean's dam Mixed Applause also produced the St James's Palace Stakes winner Shavian and, as a descendant of the broodmare My Game, was closely related to Marwell, Marling, Unite and Be My Chief.
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"Ballo in Fa Diesis Minore" is based on Ingmar Bergman The Seventh Seal in which a man defies the personification of Death (lyrics are taken from an inscription of a Danse Macabre depiction at Clusone, near Bergamo); the melody is inspired by "Schiarazula Marazula", a medieval northern Italian theme which accompanied exorcism rites and which was collected by Giorgio Mainerio in his Primo libro de' balli (1578). "Il ciliegio" ("The cherry tree") is based on the English traditional song "The Cherry Tree Carol". "Il poeta di corte", featuring launeddas parts by Luigi Lai, is partially based on "Canarios" by Aragonese Baroque composer Gaspar Sanz. "La lepre nella luna" ("The hare in the Moon") is inspired by a Buddhist legend of the Moon rabbit.
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Wassl began his second campaign in the Greenham Stakes (a trial race for the 2000 Guineas) over seven furlongs at Newbury Racecourse in April. Racing for the first time in almost ten months he was ridden by Willie Carson and started at odds of 11/2 after reports that he had been unimpressive in training gallops. After stumbling and swerving at the start he recovered totake the lead in the closing stages and won comfortably by three quarters of a length. In the 2000 Guineas over the Rowley Mile at Newmarket Racecourse at the end of the month the colt started the 9/2 third choice in the betting behind Diesis and Gorytus but ran poorly and finished ninth of the sixteen runners behind Lomond.
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An adaptation of Mainerio's Schiarazula Marazula appears as "Ballo in Fa diesis minore" on Angelo Branduardi's 1977 album La pulce d'acqua (English edition as Fables and Fantasies, 1980). Mainerio's character appears in a story of the popular Italian comics book/horror Dampyr, issued monthly by Sergio Bonelli Editore. The story, entitled Il musicista stregato ("The Bewitched Musician") and published in #107 of the regular series in February 2009, was written by Mauro Boselli on a plot by Mario Faggella and drawn by Mario Rossi (Majo). It reinterprets real aspects of Mainerio's life (particularly his interest in occultism and magic) in a fantastic tone, combining them with some myths of Friulan folklore such as agane, female water demons similar to Scottish bean nighes.
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In quarter-comma meantone, the fifth is of size , about 3.42157 cents (or exactly one twelfth of a diesis) flatter than 700 cents, and so the wolf is about 737.637 cents, or 35.682 cents sharper than a perfect fifth of size exactly 3:2, and this is the original howling wolf fifth. The flat minor thirds are only about 2.335 cents sharper than a subminor third of size 7:6, and the sharp major thirds, of size exactly 32:25, are about 7.712 cents flatter than the supermajor third of 9:7. Meantone tunings with slightly flatter fifths produce even closer approximations to the subminor and supermajor thirds and corresponding triads. These thirds therefore hardly deserve the appellation of wolf, and in fact historically have not been given that name.
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Unlike divisions of the octave into 19, 31 or 53 steps, which can be considered as being derived from ancient Greek intervals (the greater and lesser diesis and the syntonic comma), division into 34 steps did not arise 'naturally' out of older music theory, although Cyriakus Schneegass proposed a meantone system with 34 divisions based in effect on half a chromatic semitone (the difference between a major third and a minor third, 25:24 or 70.67 cents). Wider interest in the tuning was not seen until modern times, when the computer made possible a systematic search of all possible equal temperaments. While Barbour discusses it,Tuning and Temperament, Michigan State College Press, 1951 the first recognition of its potential importance appears to be in an article published in 1979 by the Dutch theorist Dirk de Klerk. The luthier Larry Hanson had an electric guitar refretted from 12 to 34 and persuaded American guitarist Neil Haverstick to take it up.
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