"premature deindustrialization" This robot-led slow-down is being called "premature deindustrialization," and it's a far greater threat to developing countries.
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The most recent downturn came with deindustrialization in the 1980s.
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In Shirebrook, I saw how deindustrialization eventually contributed to Brexit.
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The ripple effects would be immediate — like a small deindustrialization.
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"Behemoth" is contextually thin in places, especially Freeman's take on deindustrialization.
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This deindustrialization reduced government revenues, increasing Puerto Rico's dependency on external funding.
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Bethlehem, Pennsylvania is well acquainted with the struggles brought on by deindustrialization.
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Some have lost better-paying manufacturing jobs in the continuing deindustrialization of America.
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Resentment of the effects of globalization and deindustrialization are far more important factors.
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But this lack of mobility is key to understanding why deindustrialization is so painful.
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Pittsburgh has come so far from the deindustrialization days of the 1970s and 1980s.
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Why did it become the country's manufacturing capital, and how did it survive deindustrialization?
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Gabriel Winant is a historian, currently completing a book on care work and deindustrialization.
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Even the poster child for American deindustrialization, Youngstown, Ohio, has gotten in on the act.
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It has never recovered from the double blows of deindustrialization and decolonization, Mr. Peraldi said.
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Deindustrialization hit California as hard in the 1980s as it hit any place in the Midwest.
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But it is also an area where deindustrialization and inadequate public transit have taken a toll.
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Black inner-city communities were the ones that felt the impacts of globalization and deindustrialization the most.
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I verified the relationship between this deindustrialization and indebtedness with advanced statistical methods in a recent paper.
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"This is about frustration of the working class about a long period of deindustrialization," Professor Kaldor said.
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In 22008, a major recession hit, miring the American economy in stagflation, and deindustrialization began in earnest.
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How should we deal with the deindustrialization and loss of community that free trade has been causing?
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Years before deindustrialization, years before Nafta, Americans were yearning for a Main Street that never quite existed.
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Scotland suffered a process of deindustrialization similar to northern England's and Wales's — but it voted to remain.
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This criticism of globalization has found enormous resonance, especially in the parts of the country that experienced deindustrialization.
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They're tired of the orthodoxy that globalization — and with it mass migration, wage flight and deindustrialization — is inevitable.
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A left-behind working class lashed out at decades of deindustrialization, blighted communities and high levels of immigration.
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For Trump's part, it's likely the case that cutting taxes will do little to address deindustrialization and economic inequality.
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Trump's vows of solidarity with the struggling working class, with the victims of globalization and deindustrialization, are a fraud.
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The Leave campaign appealed to communities battered by deindustrialization and working-class people whose lives are defined by insecurity.
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Deindustrialization, which has been occurring for decades in advanced economies, has accelerated in developing nations, Aden told VICE News.
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I did not see much, however, about such urgent matters as income inequality, deindustrialization or the rise of populism.
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Throw in wage stagnation, which began in the early '103s, and deindustrialization of the great cities of the North.
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"Chinese officials are already talking about the regions around Shanghai and Guangdong going through their own deindustrialization," Attrill says.
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Following the deindustrialization of the US and the resulting economic collapse around 1980, 516 Sampsonia Way sat empty for years.
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But some of the same forces that had led to low wages are now contributing to the problem of deindustrialization.
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It is a town hit hard by deindustrialization: it was the poorest city in America as of the 2010 census.
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Detroit sits on the southeast border of Michigan, one of the regions of the Rust Belt hit hardest by deindustrialization.
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The subjects of their plays are not obviously commercial — "Indecent" features a lesbian relationship, and "Sweat" is fundamentally about deindustrialization.
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Notably, it was under Reagan that talk of "deindustrialization" and the use of the term "Rust Belt" first became widespread.
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The Annan exhibition coincides with another at the Getty on Chris Killip's 1970s–80s photographs of deindustrialization in northeast England.
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Much has been written about the roots of the Flint water crisis: misguided fiscal austerity, inequality, racism, environmental injustice, poverty, deindustrialization.
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Despite gaining working-class constituencies, Republicans are not offering tangible solutions to rural poverty, family breakdown, rising drug addiction or deindustrialization.
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Mr. Mugabe's violent seizure of white-owned farms starting in 2000 precipitated a decline in manufacturing and a process of deindustrialization.
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It summarizes issues of deindustrialization, wealth inequality, immigration and cultural assimilation in a way that is compassionate, observant and emotionally resonant.
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When the federal government caused a fast deindustrialization, the local revenues declined and were not sufficient enough to maintain this infrastructure.
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"Developing countries are suffering premature deindustrialization," said Dani Rodrik, a leading expert on the international economy who teaches at Harvard's Kennedy School.
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He was willing to criticize the bipartisan consensus on trade and pointed out the devastating effects of deindustrialization felt in many communities.
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After the deindustrialization that followed the removal of Section 28500, Puerto Rico was able to keep a number of sophisticated manufacturing industries.
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There are many reasons for this — from secularization to deindustrialization to the emergence of new political issues, like the environment or immigration.
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The book would resonate with non-French readers, she said, because every country has areas left behind by deindustrialization, where people are angry.
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He wasn't alive when the Studebaker plant shut down in South Bend, but he has the trauma of Midwestern deindustrialization in his bones.
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Both culturally and economically, upstate New York has more in common with the Rust Belt, where deindustrialization has drained both jobs and people.
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Many of the worst-off small and midsize cities on the index are synonymous with poverty, deindustrialization and other maladies affecting older urban areas.
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Ohio's Cuyahoga and Summit counties, which have suffered decades of deindustrialization and are the plaintiffs in next week's trial, have been willing to negotiate.
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Dani Rodrik, a Harvard economist, calculates that manufacturing employment in India and other developing nations has already peaked, a phenomenon he calls premature deindustrialization.
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Decades of deindustrialization since Studebaker closed its auto plant in the 1960s — and the city lost a quarter of its residents — has been stanched.
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The United States still shows a surplus in services: a trademark of Western countries, which have shifted to services since the deindustrialization of the 1970s.
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Since the 1970s, as the region has undergone rapid deindustrialization, these manufacturers, concentrated along the Schuylkill river, have collapsed in the face of foreign competition.
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It is one of the few games ever made to take place in Bangladesh (renamed Alordesh), and grapples with the problems of decolonization and deindustrialization.
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Deindustrialization, driven in part by global trade, would devastate the economic fortunes of white men accustomed to making a decent living without a college degree.
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Why it matters: Unions in the United States and Europe were caught flat footed by deindustrialization, which took jobs from their members through automation and outsourcing.
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The Center for Middletown Studies—at Ball State University—has continued the work, compiling oral histories and, in recent years, focused on the devastation of deindustrialization.
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But the impact of deindustrialization—including the exodus of over 10,000 factory jobs since 1970 in a city of only 70,000 people—is visible almost everywhere.
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The biggest paradox is that the working class and poor white people who have been ghettoized by deindustrialization and outsourcing are among Mr. Trump's staunchest supporters.
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In West Virginia this includes increasing access to health care, supporting all workers hurt by deindustrialization and undoing the stigma tied to sex and drug use.
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"What the U.K. elections show is that the technology revolution and globalization has led to deindustrialization and stagnation of wages for the working class," he said.
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Meanwhile, a lack of jobs, deindustrialization and dwindling public services mean that discontent is highest in smaller towns cut off from the economic opportunities of bigger cities.
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By most any socioeconomic measure, Milwaukee's majority black neighborhoods lag far behind the white, a trend that has grown more acute since the deindustrialization of the 1980s.
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Nicknamed "Steel City," Pittsburgh was once a boom town of industry and corporate headquarters, but saw many of those jobs eliminated during the deindustrialization of the 1980s.
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Putting our head in the laissez-faire sands and hoping for the best is a sure path to deindustrialization, slow growth and a weakened defense industrial base.
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Most importantly, there would be great, high-paying jobs, the kind that could sustain a community devastated by farm failures and the wide-scale deindustrialization of the Midwest.
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The Democratic Party seems split on the question of how much of its resources should be directed toward certain voters, particularly white working-class men struggling with deindustrialization.
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That's a play, by Dominique Morisseau, that treats a similar subject (the effects of deindustrialization on workers) in what felt to me like a much more theatrical way.
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But the ravaging impact of deindustrialization on urban communities had already begun, and it was addressed not with vast social programs but with new and harsh forms of criminalization.
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Digging into the economic fallout, study after study has noted the deindustrialization of numerous states, such as Ohio, Pennsylvania, Michigan and Wisconsin, resulting in tens of thousands of job losses.
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Thus, problems in the labor market can be better explained by a weak demand for labor caused by deindustrialization and by the relatively small size of the local private sector.
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He pointed to the deindustrialization of Detroit, the explosion of charter schools — more than half of Detroit's schoolchildren attend one — and unfunded pension benefits that have carried over for years.
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Over in the United Kingdom — a country that also has video games, deindustrialization, and other major social and technological trends — the employment rate is currently at an all-time high.
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I think it's still very difficult times, in the sense that the deindustrialization that occurred in the '70s and '80s was really devastating to a whole segment of the population.
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But at the very least, an ambitious public option for the internet would dramatically lower the cost for consumers and encourage outside investment in communities that have been hurt by deindustrialization.
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On Friday, Wallonia, which has been hit hard by deindustrialization and feared greater agricultural competition, withdrew its veto after concessions were made by the Belgian government, including promises to protect farmers.
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The public sector remained a place of relative labor strength in the states where it had bargaining rights even as union membership plummeted in a private work force devastated by deindustrialization.
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They need a plan that appeals to both to the white Wisconsin and Michigan voters who switched from Obama to Trump and to black and Latino workers left behind by deindustrialization.
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Against a backdrop of escalating economic inequality, deindustrialization, rapid technological change, and climate instability, people on all points of the economic spectrum feel the world has entered a state of disorder.
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Rather than address the myriad crises that followed in the wake of deindustrialization, a generation of politicians (from both sides of the aisle) turned instead to the shiny ideal of entrepreneurship.
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Although he moved to Chicago in the late 1970s, Jordano returned frequently to his hometown, witnessing its long, slow decline as deindustrialization devastated the city and affluent residents fled to the suburbs.
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But with deindustrialization in the north, cheap foreign travel and the growing popularity of tourist packages for places like Manchester and Birmingham, as well as London and Paris, Blackpool fell into decline.
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In the wake of postwar deindustrialization, our reliance on Wall Street and the financial industry in general had by the 1990s left our city disproportionately vulnerable to swings in the financial markets.
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His version is more localized, almost always set in the Idaho of his upbringing, where the flinty pride of the locals proves no match for the economic and personal disasters of deindustrialization.
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The post-election narrative (the one before Russian influence, anyway) is that Donald Trump came to the Rust Belt and spoke to concerns about deindustrialization in a way that really resonated with voters.
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The failure of low-wage workers in some regions to find new jobs has amplified the popular narrative against Nafta in particular, according to Robert Lawrence, a Harvard economist and expert in deindustrialization.
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"By all accounts, automation and new digital technologies played a quantitatively greater role in deindustrialization and in spatial and income inequalities," wrote Dani Rodrik of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.
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There's a reason Sanders didn't want to talk about Clinton's "damn emails": Her emails have no connection whatsoever to deindustrialization, or TPP, or a host of other issues that actually matter in this election.
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The Vulcan began its life as a steel foundry, but as deindustrialization lessened the needs for such large factory spaces, it shifted into a space for people to live in sometime in the 25s.
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Once a prosperous region in the northeast of France, it has been hit by deindustrialization and unemployment – the jobless rate has reached about 17 percent when the national average is closer to 10 percent.
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As deindustrialization and other factors have hollowed what was once a manufacturing stronghold, the region has struggled to catch up with its wealthier southern neighbors despite efforts by recent governments to bridge the divide.
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Op-Ed Contributor In their struggle to understand the Trump phenomenon, establishment pundits, political scientists and millions of flabbergasted American voters have settled on a long list of sober-sounding socioeconomic explanations: Deindustrialization. Anomie.
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Globalization's advocates shift the blame for deindustrialization and the American malaise elsewhere: the real source of job loss and low wages for unskilled workers has been improved technology, and globalization is getting a bum rap.
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In short, Pittsburgh is a shrunken exemplar of deindustrialization: The world's population is flocking to ever-enlarged cities, but in country after country, this is after fleeing the old urban heartland, per the Financial Times.
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Chin pays little attention to the socioeconomic traumas that have led to an acute obsession with immigration: deindustrialization, the shrinking of the welfare state, the fragmentation of working classes and the rise of extreme inequality.
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Those states are reeling from a half-century of traumatic structural change: domestic deindustrialization compounded by the way global trade has shifted manufacturing jobs to places like China and Mexico from places like the Midwest.
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But that does not mean that those gains necessarily go to the people who elected Trump, especially those voters lower down the socio-economic scale who have suffered from decades of wage stagnation and deindustrialization.
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Though blacks remain overrepresented in menial jobs and many inner-city black communities have been decimated by deindustrialization, racial discrimination, and the resulting "structural poverty," the black middle class is now the largest in history.
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Masking his broader focus alongside songs about partying and different methods of oral sex, he explored the way lifelong exposure to hard drugs and the deindustrialization of Detroit has made it easier to succumb to addiction.
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Rust Belt voters have seen their communities decimated first by deindustrialization and the exportation of their jobs and are now dealing with the fallout in the form of opiate addiction, alcohol abuse and increased suicide rates.
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As Susan Faludi observed in her 21990 book "Stiffed," the deindustrialization of America led to a profound masculinity crisis: What did it mean to be a man when a man could no longer support a family?
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But the fantasy of perpetual economic growth by carceral means was even darker: an ever-expanding penal colony in the southern mountains, where the rural casualties of deindustrialization are put to work imprisoning the urban poor.
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South Bend, like many rust belt communities, has struggled for decades to weather the storm of deindustrialization, having relied heavily on traditional manufacturing and a handful of specific companies that are now dried out or obsolete.
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Neither Pat Buchanan in 1996 nor Rick Santorum in 2012, both of whom courted blue-collar voters and wore their faith on their sleeve, managed to win Michigan -- the state most associated with the pains of deindustrialization.
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The larger forces of globalization, trade, deindustrialization, and advancements in technology have hurt American workers and the communities in which many live, The American dream has slipped away from those who are working hard to make it.
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But as the social fabric of the city began to fray in the middle of the last century — a combination of deindustrialization, discriminatory lending and racial unrest that culminated in the 1967 riots — Woodland deteriorated as well.
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True, African Americans, Latinos, and women are disproportionately poor or working class due to a long history of racial and gender discrimination in labor and housing markets—conditions that have worsened alongside the postwar deindustrialization of American cities.
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Deindustrialization had crippled cities across the Rust Belt, and Milwaukee was among the hardest hit; by 2000, its population had fallen below six hundred thousand, down from more than seven hundred and forty thousand at its peak, in 1960.
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She and her family may have had problems with employment in the wake of deindustrialization; or, she may see this problem elsewhere and worry about it; or she may be spooked by episodes like ones in San Bernardino and Orlando.
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A retired police officer with a cop's bone-dry sense of humor, he still lives in our hometown, a small New England city hammered by deindustrialization and visibly altered over the past few decades by an influx of Spanish-speaking immigrants.
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For some, the racist taunts of the past few days recalled a time when jackbooted members of the far-right National Front taunted immigrants on the streets of Britain in the 1980s, during the painful deindustrialization of the Thatcher era.
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To take the preeminent drug problem of our time—opioids—as an example, according to one post-election study, the regions where the epidemic is most serious are often also the ones in which deindustrialization has wrought the most havoc.
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He attracts constant coverage, and so do his supporters, in the form of endlessly writerly explorations of the agonizing anxieties of "Trump Country" communities afflicted by everything from deindustrialization to opiate addiction to an influx of immigrants from the Dominican Republic.
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The deindustrialization of the U.S. manufacturing sector since the 1990s was undeniably accelerated by NAFTA'S sanctioning of low wage economies, and by blatant manipulation of currency by countries all over the world that rendered U.S. firms helpless in global competition.
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Gary, Indiana is known for two things: being the home of the Jackson 5, and—as indicated by documentaries like Stagnant Hope: Gary, Indiana—serving as a stark example of the devastation wrought by Midwestern deindustrialization during the 70s and 80s.
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Moreover, the demonization of Thatcher — a process she made all too easy — was both a symptom and a cause of the infantilization of the left, as it blamed deindustrialization on the malign "Maggie" rather than on profound changes in the world economy.
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Many have thus lived long enough to see several cycles of boom and bust: from deindustrialization to dot-coms, from white flight to black flight, from the Great Real Estate Bust of 2008 to the hipsterati gentrification scourge of the present day.
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The Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright Lynn Nottage will need to make room on her shelf for another prestigious award: She is the 2016 winner of the Susan Smith Blackburn Prize for "Sweat," her acclaimed drama about deindustrialization in a working-class city in Pennsylvania.
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"Americans are still skeptical of globalization, and the Rust Belt is still suffering from deindustrialization and is still made up of swing states in the presidential election," said Jeffry Frieden, a Harvard University government professor who has studied the rise of populism in the Midwest.
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It's the early 1960s, in "the last days of a fair prince's reign" (as a voiceover fancifully describes the JFK presidency), and it's also early in what would become more than a half-century of white flight, deindustrialization, and crime eroding the city's population.
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"The thinking behind the latest wave of experimentation with economic democracy, including the Evergreen Cooperatives in Cleveland, can be traced back to the early experience of deindustrialization, and in particular to Black Monday in Ohio," explained Joe Guinan of the Democracy Collaborative, a group advocating cooperative ownership programs.
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While there are parallels between conditions of workers during industrialization in England and during the deindustrialization of regions of this country now, one big difference stands out from a political vantage point: In England, workers turned sharply to the left while here they have moved sharply to the right.
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At the same time, just as African-Americans achieved voting majorities and political power in major rust belt urban centers during the late 1960s and early 1970s, deindustrialization, the movement of factories to nonunion states, offshoring and, more broadly, globalization ate away at the tax bases of those cities.
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And a general declinist angst is found among more than just the far right: In a time when deindustrialization, globalization, automation and rapid technological change are having a jarring effect on European society, many Germans of all stripes are once again seeing the end of their world at hand.
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Yet for better or worse, the option of "just move someplace where jobs are more plentiful" is an option that's already available to people living in communities that have been hard hit by deindustrialization (Iowa currently contains two different small metro areas with unemployment rates below 1.5 percent).
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While our much ballyhooed economic system has led to wage stagnation and widespread deindustrialization, a growing group of China-admirers point out, China's state-planned economy has lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty over the past forty years, and Beijing now plays host to more billionaires than New York.
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Photographer, activist, MacArthur genius, and still just 36, LaToya Ruby Frazier has established herself as an exceptional narrator of deindustrialization, environmental harm and the affections and misfortunes of black America — and she has done so in a medium, the black-and-white photo essay, that never feels timeworn in her hands.
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Past coverage: Profile | Review | Sunday Book Review Finalists: "Imagine Me Gone," by Adam Haslett (Sunday Book Review) | "The Sport of Kings," by C. E. Morgan (Review | Sunday Book Review) __________ DRAMA Lynn Nottage, "Sweat" Ms. Nottage's play explores working-class alienation in Reading, Pa., a city that has been hurt by deindustrialization.
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During the early 20203s, Pastor notes, the state suffered a severe deindustrialization in which it accounted for nearly half of the nation's total job losses and shed about one-fifth of its manufacturing jobs in just four years -- as high a loss, in percentage terms, as Michigan experienced from 2007 to 2010.
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A s black women began to take advantage of the opportunities opened by the civil rights movement, black men were hit first with deindustrialization — the loss of well-paying blue-collar jobs throughout large swaths of our nation — and then with a surge in incarceration unlike anything a democratic nation had ever seen.
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This season has already had a long strike by the Fort Worth Symphony Orchestra; a 29.7-hour strike by the storied Philadelphia Orchestra; and a bitter, continuing strike here by the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra, a top-notch ensemble that raised this city's profile even during the most painful days of its deindustrialization.
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Mass picketing has vanished from the arsenal of organized labor, dwindling in the 1950s and '60s in the wake of the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 — which put new restrictions on the power and activities of labor — and rendered ineffective by deindustrialization as well as legal prohibitions in the 1970s and '80s.
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Perhaps more than anywhere else, Michigan residents were well-acquainted with the lost promise of Mayberry America, which deindustrialization had transformed into a myth: Once home to the US's most vibrant labor union and its most robust manufacturing center, Michigan had become a darker place, characterized by stagnant wages, job insecurity, and declining public services.
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Through bankruptcy's exclusive focus on cities' culpability for fiscal crisis, its lack of attention to the people affected, and its implicit demand for cities to solve "their" problems on their own, we have overestimated the ability of cities and their residents to combat powerful forces like automation, suburbanization, the recent financial crisis, and deindustrialization.
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Using econometric techniques, professor Juan Lara and I found that the main underlying factor contributing to the current crisis in Puerto Rico was deindustrialization: The removal of Section 936 from the federal tax code caused a collapse in the economy by disincentivizing manufacturing on the island, a sector that represented half of the Puerto Rico's economy.
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According to Mr. Trump's campaign, the proof of his commitment to the working class wasn't the auto bailout but the issue of trade: Mr. Trump said free trade was responsible for deindustrialization, and asserted that he would get tough on China, renegotiate Nafta and pull out of the trans-Pacific Partnership — two trade agreements that Mrs.
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But while accounts like Carney's acknowledge the role of economic forces — globalization, trade, deindustrialization — in the dissolution of family and community, they also tend to insist, contra liberals and our new socialist vanguard (and also contra Trump), that this cultural collapse isn't primarily driven by economic policy decisions and can't be reversed by public policies or programs.
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On the other hand, beyond the role that financial deregulation played in opening the way for the calamities of 503, Clinton's trade policies — not only the North American Free Trade Agreement but, perhaps more importantly, China's accession to the World Trade Organization, pushed by Clinton and formally realized under George W. Bush — sped along deindustrialization that had begun in the 250s and 22020s.
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Over time, though, free trade and globalization and deindustrialization made that postwar system less economically viable; the decline of labor and the collapse of the New Deal coalition made it less politically necessary; and the cultural revolutions of the 1960s and 1970s made its implicit moral values (heteronormativity for workers, a kind of penny-pinching puritanism for bosses) seem less congenial and more oppressive.
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There was a reality behind the representation, of course — desperate young people who sometimes caused great harm to others and to themselves, and who might have been only dimly aware of the larger forces pushing them: deindustrialization and globalization disrupting blue-collar paths toward the middle class; the interwoven interests and cynicism of the war on drugs that set many young minority men up to fail; the racial tensions between the police and urban residents.
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The election of Donald TrumpDonald John TrumpPossible GOP challenger says Trump doesn't doesn't deserve reelection, but would vote for him over Democrat O'Rourke: Trump driving global, U.S. economy into recession Manchin: Trump has 'golden opportunity' on gun reforms MORE must first be seen as a triumph of Russia, then as a triumph of white supremacy and "New Racism" (a natural result of an election based on identity politics), then as a triumph of concerns regarding the effects of globalization and deindustrialization, and then — perhaps — as a reflection of Hillary ClintonHillary Diane Rodham ClintonLewandowski on potential NH Senate run: If I run, 'I'm going to win' Fighter pilot vs.
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