And God only knows where you put the damp-proof course.
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A metal damp-proof course between the stone foundation and brick wall Damp proofing or a Damp-Proof in construction is a type of moisture control applied to building walls and floors to prevent moisture from passing into the interior spaces. Dampness problems are among the most frequent problems encountered in residences.DPC visible between concrete foundation and brickwork. Damp proofing is defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) as a material that resists the passage of water with no hydrostatic pressure.
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Subsequently, squatters occupied the houses. Much of the joinery and many fixtures were stolen or demolished during the period of squatting. Between 1991 and 1993, an extensive programme of conservation works were carried out on the building. The work comprised stabilisation, restoration of the front façade and roofs, cutting in damp proof courses, and construction of new floors.
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Around this time TRILUX expanded its activities into the area of damp-proof technology with the acquisition of the company ZALUX SA based in Zaragoza. The heirs of the Lenze family moved gradually back from the operational side of the business. In 2006, Michael Huber took over as General Manager. He holds the same position with the company Veltins, a local beer producer.
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The church is founded on clay or slate and is built on brick foundations. It features a sandstone plinth course with a chamfered weather which projects out from the walls. Above this is a slate damp proof course. The church walls are constructed of fine-quality red-blue mottle sandstock bricks within a soft lime mortar in English bond face brickwork.
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Between 1994 and 1995, an extensive programme of conservation works were carried out on the building. The work comprised stabilisation, restoration of the front façade and roofs, cutting in damp proof courses, and construction of new floors. Joinery, plastering, and other surface finishes were reconstructed on the basis of surviving original fabric. The house is now divided into two separate units which are privately leased to tenants.
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These cottages were not provided with electricity, water or sanitation facilities. Kerosene lamps, hand pumps and earth toilets were standard. Floors were generally constructed of brick laid directly on the ground and the walls had no damp-proof courses. Cast iron fireplaces, consisting of a coal-fired open grate with a boiler box on one side and an oven on the other, were the sole means of heating and cooking.
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The purpose of a Vertical Damp Proof Barrier is to prevent the ingress of damp and water into subterranean structures such as basements, cellars, tunnels and earth shielded buildings. (Also known as Earth sheltered buildings). Traditionally, this took the form of several coats of bitumous paint or tar. This, though cheap, has the disadvantage that any movement in the structure or joints is likely to rupture the paint so allowing water to enter.
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About this time the rear wings and outbuildings were demolished, and the buildings boarded up. The buildings were occupied by squatters, and vandalised during this period, falling into a ruinous state by the 1990s, when renovation work commenced. Over 1994 and 1995, an extensive programme of conservation works were carried out on the building. The work comprised stabilisation, restoration of the front façade and roofs, cutting in damp proof courses, and construction of new floors.
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Many fixtures were stolen or demolished during this period, perhaps as a result of boom in house renovations elsewhere in the inner city. Between 1994 and 1995, an extensive programme of conservation works was carried out on the building. The work comprised stabilisation, restoration of the front façade and roofs, cutting in damp proof courses, and construction of new floors. Joinery, plastering, and other surface finishes were reconstructed on the basis of surviving original fabric.
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Bricks were to be laid in old English Bond with damp proof courses and hoop iron reinforcing. Air gratings were to be fixed for the sub floor spaces with slate steps to the outer doors set on brick risers. External cladding and carpentry were to be of hardwood the frame and roof timbers of Oregon or approved local pine. Architraves and mouldings were to be in redwood, floor boards tallow wood and lining boards in Kauri pine.
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The slate stone acts as a damp proof course protecting the softer bricks above. The main elevations north and south have four high arched windows each with memorial stained glass. The eastern end originally had two similarly proportioned windows but these were replaced in the late 19th century with a large triple window now also with memorial stained glass. The stained glass windows are skilfully designed and colourfully crafted and appear to be in good condition and well protected externally.
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The gable end is filled with profiled metal sheeting, which replaced the earlier battened sheeting. The walls of the original bungalow are interesting as an early use of slipform (jump-form) concrete. boards were used as formwork, taken apart when the concrete had set, and reassembled at the next level. Evidence of this construction technique is now covered up, however it was noted and recorded during installation of a chemical damp-proof course, by architect Robert Donaldson in 2003–4.
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Handed houses in Salford, boarded up and awaiting a refit An earlier house with fine brick detailing, modernised by Urban Splash Many houses were incrementally improved. In the 1920s most were wired for electricity, and in the 1930s the deeper Belfast sink and drainer replaced the shallower cane glazed London sink. The improved damp-proof course arrested water ingress, and with the suspended floors halted wood rot. The overcrowding and deterioration of the pre-regulation terraced houses caused increasing concern.
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A damp proof course, of sheet lead in asphalt was inserted to all the walls. The church was designed in a style described at the time of its construction as a revival of Gothic architecture practiced between 1274 and 1377, or Decorated or Middle Pointed Gothic. This is evident in the traceries and mouldings around the church. Major departures from this style include the internal nave piers, thought to be of earlier, Norman influence and the entrance porch of the later 15th century pointed Gothic.
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A fibro room added under a corner of the internal verandah was dismantled, its missing shaped support posts replaced in recycled hardwood, A wooden trapdoor discovered in this room cut into the flagstone floor was the old entrance to the cellar. The hinged door was in good condition but its frame decayed. A new support frame was insterted, carefully modelled on the original and a damp-proof course added between the two surfaces. Inside the house's main rooms some minor patch repairs, painting and cleaning was done.
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In 1875, the Public Health Act was introduced. It required urban authorities to make byelaws for new streets, to ensure structural stability of houses and prevent fires, and to provide for the drainage of buildings and the provision of air- space around buildings. Section 57 determined that all houses must be through houses – no more back-to-back housing. Three years later the Building Act 1878 provided more detail with constructions, defining foundations, damp-proof courses, thickness of walls, ceiling heights, space between dwellings, under- floor ventilation, ventilation of rooms and size of windows.
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Re-shingling of the spire was carried out in 1731 (by craftsmen from Rotherfield, well-known locally for its shingling industry), 1734 and 1741, when part of the south wall of the chancel was also shingled to make it damp-proof. The church was restored in 1870 by William Slater and Richard Herbert Carpenter. They removed many 17th- century features, added a porch and vestry (described in 1935 as "perfectly deplorable examples"), tiled the floor and re-roofed the nave and chancel. Slater and Carpenter's work, directed by the latter, has been called "unnecessarily costly", but their work on the chancel work was praised as "enterprising" by Nikolaus Pevsner.
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This fundamental architectural principle is called "durability by design", and involves keeping the bamboo dry through good design practices such as elevating the structure above the ground, using damp proof membranes, having good drip details, having good roof overhangs, using waterproof coatings for the walls, etc. # The bamboo must be treated to protect it against insects (namely beetles and termites). The most common and appropriate chemical to treat bamboo is boron, normally either a mixture of borax and boric acid, but it also comes in one compound (di-sodium tetraborate decahydrate). Both principles must be applied to a design in order to protect bamboo.
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After the 1982 introduction of the Sinclair ZX Spectrum, Hong Kong trading company Locumals commissioned Intelligent Software, headed by international chess player David Levy, to develop a home computer in the UK. During development the machine had the codename DPC, which stood for damp-proof course, to confuse potential competitors. The machine was also known by the names Samurai, Oscar, Elan and Flan before the Enterprise name was finally chosen. Entersoft, modeled after Amstrad's AMSOFT, was set up to ensure a steady supply of software for the new machine. Enterprise was announced to the press in September 1983, and some 80,000 machines were pre-ordered by the time of its April 1984 sales launch.
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The arch on the south side has a keystone bearing the inscription "DAVID LENNOX", on the north side, "AD 1833", the packing of the bridge to either hand of the main ashlared section is of coursed rubble revetments, making the total length of the bridge carriageway of almost . The stone parapets are laid above a projecting plinth which begins just above the keystones. The area between the curve of the arch and the horizontal carriageway was packed with small rubble stone. There was originally a damp-proof lime-mortar course above the vaulting, but this, together with most of the packing, was removed when the bridge was stripped back to the arch in 1976.
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The Antti farmstead in the Seurasaari Open-Air Museum, Helsinki: timber poles form the top layer of the birch-bark roof A birch-bark roof (in Finnish: malkakatto or tuohikato) is a roof construction traditional in Finland for farmhouses and farm buildings built from logs. The birch-bark roof was the prevailing roof type in rural Finland up until the 1860s, when it was replaced by the use of other materials such as metal sheeting and later roofing felt. The tradition of birch-bark roofs has been revived in recent years as a craft in connection with the restoration of old farm buildings that have been converted into open-air museums. The main reason for using birch bark was that when added in several layers, it acts as an efficient water- and damp-proof course.
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View from the Sailor's Loft to the Farmer's Loft, with the steeply raked Schaw Aisle on the right Proposals to restore the old kirk were at first "laughed at as a Utopian idea", but subscriptions were raised and extensive restoration work was carried out in 1864 under the supervision of the architect James Salmon. The interior was gutted, and the old earthen floor dug out to lay an asphalt damp- proof layer: over 70 copper coins and two silver coins were found, the earliest from 1634; a silver shilling was dated 1824. The exterior walls were rebuilt in places and faced ashlar, and a church tower designed by Salmon was built at this time, incorporated stairs serving the Cartsburn Loft and the Farmer's Loft in place of the old external stairs. The walls were lined with lath and plaster painted a warm cream colour, and dark stained timber linings to the roof formed the ceiling.
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