Even better cookstoves may not do much to improve health.
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Clinton credited past efforts involving cookstoves, but noted most had faltered.
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Chulhas [cookstoves], we know, contribute to 25 percent outdoor pollution in India.
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She's engineered early smartphone tech, bicycle locks, and solar cookstoves and cars.
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Offsets that support clean cookstoves or tree plantings do help lower emissions.
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Garbage fires, dung-powered cookstoves, diesel-powered vehicles and coal-fired power plants.
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Radha Muthiah, CEO of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, said in a statement that the funding would help the companies to "grow their businesses, create jobs, boost local economies and ultimately drive adoption of cleaner, more efficient cookstoves and fuels".
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"That was an order for 20 cookstoves to deliver in Murang'a County," she explained.
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UNICEF is already working to distribute cleaner cookstoves in Bangladesh, Zimbabwe and other poor nations.
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Families have headed into basements and dank tunnels, with small cookstoves, flour and warm clothes.
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"The notion was that low-cost, improved biomass cookstoves get you air improvements," Jack said.
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In recent years, millions of impoverished families have received clean cookstoves via public and private initiatives.
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As secretary of state, one of Clinton's key projects was the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves.
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Some governments have started providing subsidies for cleaner cookstoves or LPG, but that's not always enough.
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So far, the science suggests cookstoves help with this in some ways and hurt in others.
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BARCELONA, Aug 24 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - A new $4 million fund aims to speed up the development of supply chains for less polluting cookstoves in poor communities, by lending to businesses that would otherwise struggle to finance their growth, the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves said.
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They carried with them a ton of equipment, including tents, cookstoves, food and a solar-powered drill.
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Making and delivering cookstoves in this central Kenyan region has been Njau's job for the past year.
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Cookstoves, heating fuel, and kerosene lighting are all common sources of pollution in big cities in developing countries.
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L'Oréal is part of an effort to install cookstoves that use 50 percent less firewood to replace the traditional ones.
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The smoke ends up wafting over New Delhi where it blends with urban pollution sources — cookstoves, heating fires, cars, and construction.
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Solar Sister recruits predominantly female entrepreneurs and trains them to sell affordable, renewable energy sources, like solar lamps and clean cookstoves.
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The reasons were many, but the fact that cookstoves weren't having a clear, dramatic effect on the climate limited their appeal.
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Hillary Clinton, left, listens as Radha Muthiah, executive director of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, speaks at a New York summit.
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Their investments, in turn, could be used to bolster the number and quality of start-up companies building cookstoves around the world.
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The involvement of women in the climate movement, for example, has led to better policy making and spurred solutions like clean solar cookstoves.
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Yet black carbon is still a major health problem, in part because families can't afford to fix the clean cookstoves when they break.
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The overwhelming majority of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries with high volumes of emissions from transportation, agriculture, and dirty cookstoves.
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Black carbon like that from dirty cookstoves is thought to be the third most important cause of climate change after carbon dioxide and methane.
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The first project helps families in Honduras replace wood-burning cookstoves with more efficient alternatives to reduce harmful indoor air pollution and carbon emissions.
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An example is giving new cookstoves that don't use coal to people in developing countries, one of de Belloy's favorite ways to offset travels.
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When there is carbon generated, the company uses carbon offsets to finance sustainability projects such as clean cookstoves or helping preserve the Amazon rainforest.
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In 2010, the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves was formed to help mount a sustained effort at tackling the threats posed by household pollution.
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The private sector has become more involved in this work, distributing over half of the clean cookstoves and fuels reported in 2014, the report said.
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The women, dubbed Solar Sahelis, have generated $2 million in income through the sale of products like clean cookstoves, renewable energy appliances and solar home systems.
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"Clean cookstoves" were hailed as a silver bullet 10 years ago, but researchers found that at least the early versions didn't help in real-world conditions.
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If a project is building cookstoves that vent outside and use less fluid, which then scientifically reduces carbon emissions, they can then be awarded carbon credits.
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NYERI, Kenya (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Perched on a stool in a tin shed, Nyawira Njau carefully lines the top of a dozen cookstoves with aluminium foil.
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A growing number of them are setting up clean energy businesses, such as selling cookstoves that burn less firewood than traditional stoves, as an alternative livelihood.
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One 2012 study looked at what happened when randomly selected households in Orissa, India, were given cookstoves with chimneys that diverted the smoke outside the house.
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If people cannot always obtain clean fuel, they will probably revert to dirty stuff, says Radha Muthiah, the departing head of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves.
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"Other fuels at the time were more niche, so by focusing on biomass cookstoves we would have a higher impact," Pursnani said, describing the Alliance's early approach.
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Previous studies have found that soot particles from these cookstoves can settle on nearby glaciers, absorbing sunlight and melting the ice — particularly in combination with global warming.
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That effort is run by the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves project, which aimed to provide 212 million homes with clean and efficient stoves and fuels by 573.
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Projects like these offer benefits beyond carbon emission reduction: Efficient cookstoves help families save money on fuel and provide health benefits since they don't fill the air with smoke.
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"Simple things like clean cookstoves, which cook faster and don't require foraging for fuel, or water points that make it easier to get water, can really help," Kripke said.
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The alliance pledged to help engineer the distribution of 20163 million cookstoves, small-scale appliances designed to cut fuel use and toxic emissions in impoverished households worldwide by 2020.
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The alliance, a public-private partnership hosted by the UN Foundation, has a goal to foster access to clean and efficient cookstoves and fuels in 100 million households by 2020.
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Smith, the professor at Berkeley, said he had begun to realize that propane cookstoves could be better for people's health and the environment than biomass cooking as early as 1994.
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The Clean Cooking Working Capital Fund, the first debt fund focused on greener cookstoves, awarded its first loans this week to two U.S.-based social enterprise firms, Envirofit International and BioLite.
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Public health experts who weren't involved with the experiment said they were excited by the initial field results and the potential to use wireless technologies to spur greater use of clean cookstoves.
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That can take the form of buying cleaner-burning cookstoves in developing countries that reduce deforestation for firewood, or financing a wind turbine generator to displace fossil fuels on the power grid.
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Warming temperatures are to blame for much of the melting but so-called "black carbon" – black soot released from diesel vehicle exhaust, factories, open fires and cookstoves - also is to blame, experts say.
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Still, when burned in open fires and traditional stoves, wood, coal, charcoal and similar fuels emit harmful smoke that claims four million lives annually worldwide, according to the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves.
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The Alliance's own research has shown that the proportion of non-renewable wood harvested for traditional cooking fires was far smaller than previously thought, thereby limiting cookstoves' other main environmental benefit — reducing deforestation.
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As Schwietzke notes, these unaccounted-for emissions fall within the range of total human-caused methane production in the United States, or total methane emissions from all global forest and savannah fires and cookstoves.
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The Alliance aims to provide cleaner cookstoves and fuel to the 40 percent of the world's population that uses solid fuel and cooks over open fires, creating severe environmental and health problems, Valdez said.
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As for those improved cookstoves, researchers who hand them out in a village almost invariably find, when they return several years later, that people have gone back to cooking over handmade mud stoves or large stones.
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Yet two-thirds would consider paying for clean cookstoves and more than one-third for solar household products, according to a survey by the Moving Energy Initiative (MEI), a partnership between Britain, the United Nations and charities.
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Some groups have held out hope for clean solar-powered cookstoves, although the paper notes that these stoves don't offer nearly as precise control for cooking, and they're not wanted if they can't be used at night.
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It supports the largest off-grid programme in the world in Bangladesh, he noted, powering 2.5 million households through 1.2 million solar home systems, as well as solar irrigation pumps and mini-grids, and 103 million efficient cookstoves.
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But if you want to specifically offset greenhouse gas emissions, Cool Effect supports a variety of projects around the world, from restoring mangroves to providing clean cookstoves, and lets you donate to match a specific quantity of CO2.
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In 2010, as many as 550,000 people died prematurely from indoor pollution due to fuels such as wood and coal, underlining why cities should provide better access to electricity and gas, and promote efficient cookstoves, the report said.
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George said the development of innovative financing models to expand the use of clean cookstoves lags behind that of the solar sector in developing countries, where hire-purchase equipment and pay-as-you-go solar power has gained a foothold.
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They give it to someone to plant trees, or capture the methane from a landfill or a cattle operation, or help build a wind farm, or subsidize clean cookstoves for people in the developing world who cook on open fires.
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Nor are most of us aware, even today, that indoor air pollution caused by the use of solid fuels in simple cookstoves in many parts of the world is responsible for 2.5 million premature deaths of women and children each year.
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A 2016 study showed some "improved biomass" cookstoves actually produced greater emissions of black carbon than open fires, but also, in certain conditions and in certain seasons, produced another set of emissions that, surprisingly, had a cooling effect on the climate.
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"The Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves focused on replacing a traditional stove with a product made in a factory because that was the easiest thing to do," Karve said in an interview in her gadget-cluttered office in the city of Pune.
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In 2012, the Alliance funded a study in Ghana by Darby Jack, an assistant professor of environmental health sciences at Columbia University's School of Public Health, that, in part, would measure if the biomass cookstoves had improved health outcomes for women and children.
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From interviews with chef José Andrés — an ambassador for the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves — to discussions of parents' roles in climate action with Global Moms Challenge, Earth To Marrakech will help amplify the message that the time to act on climate change is now.
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His World Central Kitchen spearheads projects to build modern cookstoves and provide culinary job training in communities in Haiti, Cambodia, the Dominican Republic and Nicaragua, "Today, we have over a billion and a half people in the world that still cook with charcoal," says Andrès.
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In 2013, Nandal, a village of 2,900 residents 19943 miles southeast of Mumbai, had been proclaimed a "smoke-free village" after about 500 cookstoves were installed in homes under a project underwritten by Cummins, an Indiana-based manufacturer of diesel and alternative energy engines and related equipment.
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Rema Hanna, a Harvard University economist who led an extensive field study on clean cookstoves in 2012, said that while she applauded Project Surya's work, further research is needed to see if this model can actually curb indoor air pollution or financially motivate families at a larger scale.
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An array of studies, including some financed by the Alliance itself, have shown that the millions of biomass cookstoves of the kind sold or distributed in the effort do not perform well enough in the field to reduce users' risk of deadly illnesses like heart disease and pneumonia.
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For Smith and other disappointed advocates in the fight against household pollution, the story of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves seems depressingly familiar — another tale of well-meaning Westerners keen to help poor people in the third world, ignoring evidence that their methods might be ill-conceived.
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P.H.: A primary goal of Drawdown is to help people who feel overwhelmed by gloom-and-doom messages see that reversing global warming is bursting with possibility: walkable cities, afforestation, bamboo, high-rises built of wood, marine permaculture, multistrata agroforestry, clean cookstoves, plant-rich diet, assisting women smallholders, regenerative agriculture, supporting girls' ongoing education, smart glass, in-stream hydro, on and on.
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Elsewhere, the word kamado has become a generic term for ceramic or unfired-clay cookstoves.
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InStove developed the 60 Liter Stove, and in 2013 the 100 Liter Stove, to address climate change, emissions, and deforestation issues. InStove is a partner of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. As of July, 2015, InStove’s institutional cookstoves have the highest published test scores in the world against the International Standards Organization’s International Workshop Agreement on clean cookstoves. In order to meet the demands of clinics, hospitals, and refugee camps who also need access to safe water and sterile medical equipment, InStove developed allied technologies including a medical equipment sterilization system, water pasteurizer, and a biomass briquette press.
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The Gold Standard Registry™ E+Carbon sells its offsets to Goldman Sachs through a multi-year alliance.Goldman Sachs Forms Alliance With E+Co – Press Releases on CSRwire.com One of these projects involves Toyola Energy Limited, a company that sells energy-efficient cookstoves in Ghana. Their cookstoves reduce fuel usage, in this case charcoal, by about 40% over traditional methods of cooking.
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He is also credited with designing and implementing the first randomized controlled trial of the health effects of indoor air pollution (IAP) from cookstoves.
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Cooker and stove are often used interchangeably. The fuel-burning stove is the most basic design of a kitchen stove. "Nearly half of the people in the world (mainly in the developing world), burn biomass (wood, charcoal, crop residues, and dung) and coal in rudimentary cookstoves or open fires to cook their food." More fuel-efficient and environmentally sound biomass cookstoves are being developed for use there.
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In keeping with its name, PPAF creates alliances and collaborates with other organizations to implement, monitor and advocate for affordable non-polluting cookstoves and fuels, growing from or advancing their separate efforts. Organizations include a Haitian university, several solar non-profits, a biogas non-profit, an institute for youth training and entrepreneurship, and a network of clubs established to empower low-income adolescent girls. The efforts engage local groups, document innovations, assess challenges and successes, publicize results and promote expansion. Beyond this, PPAF participates in the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves deliberations for an action plan to transform the cookstoves and fuels market in Haiti.
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Defend International is a partner of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, an initiative led by the United Nations Foundation and a member of the Peace One Day NGO Coalition and Peace Now.
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The Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves is an organization seeks to facilitate the disbursement of clean cooking solutions and advocate for the use of clean indoor fuels for cook stoves. This organization plans to foster the adoption of clean cookstoves for 100 million households by 2020. As of 2014, the alliance has distributed 28 million clean and efficient cookstoves Research and implementation efforts are frequently pursued with insufficient coordination with supporting organizations, which, in many cases has led to widespread implementation of so called "improved" stoves that have sometimes failed to deliver on the promise of reducing IAP. Cookstove implementation efforts have often achieved mixed results because of the combined technical and social complexities related to design of alternative stoves and personal and cultural preferences of targeted communities of improvement.
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There is not a one size fits all method when it comes to cookstoves among different cultures which traditionally have different methods of construction when it comes to stoves, depending on what materials naturally exist around them. In Peru, stoves are constructed from "two or three muds and clay based walls surrounding a fire pit". Whereas in Nepal, stoves are constructed from "rice husks and clay". Even though clean cookstoves may help decrease indoor air pollution, traditional methods of cooking often continue to be used because of cultural tradition, the rate of cooking and as well as the preservation of unique flavors.
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Evidence of one successful government intervention was revealed by China who, between 1980 and 1995, disseminated 172 million improved cookstoves. This effort proved more successful due to the inclusion of local users, particularly women, who were involved in the design and fieldwork process.
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Nancy Sanford Hughes (born January 8, 1943) is the founder and president of the non-profit StoveTeam International. For her work bringing improved cookstoves to Latin America, Hughes has been honored as a United States White House Champion of Change, and a CNN Hero.
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If the campaign fails, the revenue will be given to "The Resilience Fund" association. This nonprofit organization started with the help of Thanksgiving Coffee and will use the funds to provide clean cookstoves to people in the communities around the world where Thanksgiving's coffee is grown.
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The Lab's main research areas include engine emissions and efficiency research, biofuel research including algae-derived biofuels through its partnership with Solix, household energy research involving cookstoves through its partnership with Envirofit International, as well as distributed power and smart grid research through its partnership with Spirae and Integrid.
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The choice of stove may vary depending on location. Electric stoves are preferable to natural gas in locations where the electric grid has a high proportion of renewable energy, such as California. Rocket stoves and other biomass stoves are important in developing countries to conserve wood. The UN seeks to phase out wood-burning cookstoves.
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PPAF and collaborating organizations conduct research & introduce development activities to improve the lives and livelihoods of all, especially for women and girls, through solar, biogas and ethanol fuel and cookstoves and related small business. The aim is to help families escape the poverty-respiratory disease-deforestation trap, by reducing the heavy dependence on charcoal for daily cooking.
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Domestic and commercial grade cookstoves and ovens gradually became the mainstay of Scott Brothers Limited. In 1878 the first coal-burning cast-iron ranges were produced. In 1931 the Company introduced its new Atlas Electric Ranges. These gradually changed from cast-iron to pressed steel, and in 1961 a large,75 KW porcelain-enamelling furnace was installed.
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Goma StoveThese handmade cookstoves save fuel—and help save gorillas). Certain organizations are looking into biomass briquette substitution in order to reduce the demand for fuelwood. Sustainable fuelwood production techniques are also being implemented. The EcoMakala reforestation project under the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) has pledged to reforest 4500 ha by 2012 to provide the people of Goma with fuelwood.
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PPAF engages its network and the public through its website, its newsletter, (with copies also filed on its website), social media including Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn, and through the convening of seminars. In September 2017, PPAF was featured in the Solar Cookers International newsletter, and in December 2016, PPAF was the “Partner Spotlight” in the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves newsletter. See below for the links.
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A Nigerian woman demonstrates her daily use of the Clean Cook Stove By 2050 Nigeria is expected to outgrow the population of the USA. The market for cookstoves- and more importantly, cooking fuels- is huge. Spurring both ethanol and methanol production will create local jobs, help give farmers new markets, and be locally sourced. Nigeria, like Ethiopia has high potential for large-scale ethanol production from starchy cassava and sugarcane molasses.
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This is estimated to increase the hydroelectric capabilities of Sub-Saharan Africa by 30%. Another project currently undergoing feasibility exploration would install hydroelectric facilities on the Zambezi river, potentially generating 2,000–2,500 MW. Smaller scale projects also receive funding, such as efforts to distribute safe cookstoves and efficient kilns to lower the effects of biomass, initiatives to improve lighting efficiency, or smaller scale microgrid electrical distributions.Karekezi, Stephen, and Waeni Kithyoma. Renewable Energy Development. Rep.
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Anguilla moves towards cleaner energy 2 to 30 watts, are sold in Kenya annually. Some Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are also turning to solar power to reduce their costs and increase their sustainability. Micro-hydro configured into mini-grids also provide power. Over 44 million households use biogas made in household-scale digesters for lighting and/or cooking, and more than 166 million households rely on a new generation of more-efficient biomass cookstoves.
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An additional 5% is released through processes associated with fossil fuel production, and 8% through various other forms of fuel combustion. As of 2015, 80% of the world's primary energy is produced from fossil fuels. In developing countries, over 2.5 billion people rely on traditional cookstoves and open fires to burn biomass or coal for heating and cooking. This practice causes harmful local air pollution and increases the danger from fires, resulting in an estimated 4.3 million deaths annually.
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Modern versions for commercial use are metal and called comals. The metal griddle is usually made of chrome steel, aluminium or stainless steel. Metal griddles originally were a flat metal surface for frying suspended from hooks over a campfire or fireplace. Later versions were sometimes integrated into the tops of wood-fired cookstoves as a removable iron plate, and later as a separate, typically handle-less plate covering one or more burners on a gas or electric stove.
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Smith serves on the board of MIT, as well as on the advisory boards for the MIT Media Lab, DRAPER, and Technology Review and serves on the board of Vital Voices. She is also a member of the Award Selection Committee for the distinguished Carroll L. Wilson Award at MIT. Smith has contributed to a broad range of engineering projects, including a bicycle lock, space station construction program, and solar cookstoves. She is an active proponent of STEM education and innovation.
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Global Map of Global Horizontal Irradiation. In 2009, about 1.4 billion of people in the world lived without electricity, and 2.7 billion relied on wood, charcoal, and dung for home energy requirements. This lack of access to modern energy technology limits income generation, blunts efforts to escape poverty, affects people's health, and contributes to global deforestation and climate change. Small-scale renewable energy technologies and distributed energy options, such as onsite solar power and improved cookstoves, offer rural households modern energy services.
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In 2009, about 1.4 billion of people in the world lived without electricity. 2.7 billion relied on wood, charcoal, and dung (dry animal dung fuel) for home energy requirements. This lack of access to modern energy technology limits income generation, blunts efforts to escape poverty, affects people's health due to indoor air pollution, and contributes to global deforestation and climate change. Small-scale renewable energy technologies and distributed energy options, such as onsite solar power and improved cookstoves, offer rural households modern energy services.
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This project creates a market for fuel-efficient stoves in households and institutions throughout Uganda. These stoves use less charcoal than traditional cooking methods, cutting carbon emissions and reducing indoor air pollution, making them much less damaging to the health of the cooks and their families. As of June 2016, the partnership had sold more than 835,000 stoves, while creating over 700 jobs and cutting 824,977 tonnes of carbon emissions. In November 2014, the company partnered with Safi International to distribute ethanol cookstoves in Kenya.
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They announced this change at an event held with representatives from Malawi government, including Water Development and Food Security Bob Chilemba, as well as United Purpose staff members. United Purpose has provided assistance to Malawi for several years in 17 of their districts. Their main source of aid has been the introduction of stove production groups to Malawi to assist in achieving the goal of 2 million cleaner cookstoves by 2020. Chilemba says Malawi plans to continue working alongside the organization throughout their brand change.
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There are currently more than 160 operating cookstove implementation programs in the world. A few thousand of the cookstove implementation program distribute stoves in specific areas. This is due to high cost of alternative stoves, cookstove malfunction, and the lack of understanding as well as the importance of gender roles and discussing the adoption of alternative cookstove technology. In failing to include women in the household decision-making process, as they are predominantly responsible for childcare and meal preparation, it can lead to a decrease in adoption of improved cookstoves.
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A common project type is renewable energy, such as wind farms, biomass energy, biogas digesters, or hydroelectric dams. Others include energy efficiency projects like efficient cookstoves, the destruction of industrial pollutants or agricultural byproducts, destruction of landfill methane, and forestry projects. Some of the most popular carbon offset projects from a corporate perspective are energy efficiency and wind turbine projects.EcoSecurities, ClimateBiz, Carbon Offsetting Trends Survey 2008 The Kyoto Protocol has sanctioned offsets as a way for governments and private companies to earn carbon credits that can be traded on a marketplace.
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In June 2007, she quit Amnesty International and co- founded Defend International. Same year, she was elected as a co-chair of the Women’s Working Group on MENA Region. It is observed that Akreyi has created partner agreements with leading NGOs like the International Action Network on Small Arms, Cluster Munition Coalition and the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. She has launched campaigns to defend the rights of writers, civil society activists, children (child/forced marriages), girls, women's rights defenders, students, professors, prisoners on death row and prisoners on hunger strikes.
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In 2007, CO2balance began investing in solar power and improved cookstove projects in East Africa. Soon thereafter the company established two local offices in Kenya and Uganda. In 2008, the company collaborated with 7 other carbon management organisations to found the International Carbon Reduction and Offset Alliance (ICROA), a non-profit organisation that promotes best practice across the voluntary carbon market. By 2012, CO2balance had started to implement energy-efficiency projects under the Gold Standard, VCS and CDM carbon standards, with a particular focus on fuel efficient cookstoves and safe water technology.
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A wood-burning iron stove Holzwarth Ranch, Colorado A kitchen stove, often called simply a stove or a cooker, is a kitchen appliance designed for the purpose of cooking food. Kitchen stoves rely on the application of direct heat for the cooking process and may also contain an oven, used for baking. "Cookstoves" (also called "cooking stoves" or "wood stoves") are heated by burning wood or charcoal; "gas stoves" are heated by gas; and "electric stoves" by electricity. A stove with a built-in cooktop is also called a range.
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Recently, thanks to a Spark Fund grant, BioLite will be kicking off a project in Uganda with partners at Impact Carbon. The Spark Fund grant is part of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, an organization that provides clean cook stoves to people in areas with high poverty rates. Its mission is to reduce the number of deaths caused by open cooking fires each year (approximately four million), and is endorsed by people such as Julia Roberts and Hillary Clinton (who referred to BioLite in her announcement of the UN Clean Cookstove Alliance).
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Additionally, serious local environmental damage, including desertification, can be caused by excessive harvesting of wood and other combustible material. Promoting usage of cleaner fuels and more efficient technologies for cooking is, therefore, one of the top priorities of the United Nations Sustainable Energy for All initiative. , efforts to design clean cookstoves that are inexpensive, powered by sustainable energy sources, and acceptable to users have been mostly disappointing. In 2020, the International Energy Agency warned that the economic turmoil caused by the coronavirus outbreak may prevent or delay companies from investing in green energy.
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Following the call, China's nationalists and nationalist unions started to attack Zhao for being a "public enemy" and "traitor" to the nation. The nationalists also branded Zhao as an "American spy", citing Zhao had taken a photo and shaken hands with Hillary Clinton at the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves Future Summit in Manhattan, US on 20 November 2014. In early July, both Dai and Zhao and their movie production studios issued apology statements but the nationalists continued to attack them. On 15 July 2016, under online assault, Zhao apologized, and the movie studio also announced its plan to replace Dai.
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A wide variety of machinery and equipment was manufactured, which variously utilized water-power, steam, coal, gas manufactured from coal, and electricity as their sources of power or heat. At first, products were manufactured for railways, saw-milling and agriculture industries; ranging from steam engines, boilers, windmills to cast-iron cookstoves. Some of the engineering projects completed were steel railway bridges, the Port Chalmers dock, structural steel for the High Street Post Office and the King Edward Barracks. The Company designed and built equipment to extract gas from coal, and producer gas units were fabricated from castings made in the firm's foundry.
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At LBNL Dr. Gadgil is Faculty Senior Scientist, and former Director of the Environmental Energy Technologies Division. Earlier, he led a group of about 20 researchers conducting experimental and modeling research in indoor airflow and pollutant transport. Most of that work was focused on reducing indoor radon concentrations in individual houses, and protecting office-building occupants from the threat of chemical and biological attacks. In recent years, he has worked on ways to inexpensively remove arsenic from Bangladesh drinking water, and on clean- burning biomass stoves, including design and dissemination of improved cookstoves for Darfur (Sudan) refugees.
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By fiscal 2012, the department's budget request for such work was $1.2 billion, of which $832 million was for global health programs. Additionally, she initiated the Women in Public Service Project, a joint venture between the State Department and the Seven Sisters colleges. The goal was to entice more women into entering public service, such that within four decades an equal number of men and women would be working in the field. One specific cause Clinton advocated almost from the start of her tenure was the adoption of cookstoves in the developing world, to foster cleaner and more environmentally sound food preparation and reduce smoke dangers to women.
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The alliance works with public, private, and non-profit partners to overcome market barriers that hamper the production, deployment, and use of clean cookstoves and fuels in the developing world. It works to develop standards for cleaner stoves, increase public and policymaker awareness of the health and environmental benefits of improved stoves. The UN Foundation's International Bioenergy and Sustainability Initiative advances environmentally and economically sustainable strategies for harnessing biomass energy in ways that minimize competition with food products. The initiatives seeks to identify, share and promote best practices for the sustainable use of bioenergy with government leaders, UN agencies, scientific experts, and nongovernmental organizations.
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Sales data and customer information was recorded through Top3 Tracker. After encountering quality problems in the domestically produced Baker cookstoves and unable to raise working capital to establish production overseas at sufficient economies of scale, Top Third Ventures focused on the Business-to-Business and Big Data divisions of the company by working with existing financiers, manufacturers, and distributors of cook stoves around the developing, to provide them access to Top Third Ventures’ carbon credit programme. On 12 September 2012, Top Third Ventures Global was incorporated in Mauritius as a limited liability company. The restructuring reduced the exposure of Top Third Ventures’ operations to political risk from the upcoming Kenyan General Election, 2013.
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The Public-Private Alliance Foundation is a not-for-profit 501(c)3 donor-supported corporation headquartered in New York. Established with support from United Nations ambassadors from Madagascar, the Dominican Republic and Haiti, PPAF has conducted various development activities in each of these countries and convenes seminars at the United Nations and elsewhere to bring attention to energy and climate change, sustainable development, and gender and public health issues. PPAF conducts research, acts as a voice for clean cooking and women’s empowerment, and takes steps toward the commercialization of low-cost cookstoves, especially those fueled by biogas and solar power. Support to PPAF comes from international organizations, individuals, community groups and businesses.
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Kirk R. Smith (January 19, 1947June 15, 2020) was an American expert on the health and climate effects of household energy use in developing nations. He held a professorship in Global Environmental Health at the University of California, Berkeley, where his research focused on the relationships among environmental quality, health, resource use, climate, development, and policy in developing countries. Smith contributed a great deal to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and the work of the IPCC (including the contributions of many scientists) was recognized by the joint award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize. Smith was a recipient of the 2012 Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement for his work with cookstoves, health, and climate.
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Through a mixture of micro-financing, government subsidies and carbon finance, ClimateCare was able create a revolving market for the stoves that allowed the initial capital to be reused. ClimateCare has also used a revolving fund model on the Pamoja Life project that helps provide cookstoves, solar lighting and other low-carbon products to very poor people in east Africa. LifeStraw Carbon for Water: In 2012, ClimateCare partnered with health company Vestergaard Frandsen to develop this project that uses carbon finance to fund provision of safe water to 4 million people in Western Kenya. The project was the first in the world to link carbon credits with water provision at scale and has won awards including the Carbon Finance Transaction of the Year award 2012.
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According to the International Network for Environmental Compliance and Enforcement (INECE), the major environmental issues in Africa are “drought and flooding, air pollution, deforestation, loss of biodiversity, freshwater availability, degradation of soil and vegetation, and widespread poverty.” The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is focused on the “growing urban and industrial pollution, water quality, electronic waste and indoor air from cookstoves.” They hope to provide enough aid on concerns regarding pollution before their impacts contaminate the African environment as well as the global environment. By doing so, they intend to “protect human health, particularly vulnerable populations such as children and the poor.” In order to accomplish these goals in Africa, EPA programs are focused on strengthening the ability to enforce environmental laws as well as public compliance to them.
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Mrs. Bawumia was recently made an Ambassador for the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves and joins former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan, Academy Award-winning actor Julia Roberts, and Grammy-nominated musician Rocky Dawuni to work with the Alliance and its partners to raise awareness of household air pollution and encourage broader adoption of clean cooking solutions in developing countries in a bid to create cleaner environments and eradicate deaths caused by pollution from the burning of solid fuels for cooking. In 2019 she was acknowledged as the first of seven individuals honored by Sustainable Energy for All (SEforAll) in conjunction with Ashden. This was in recognition for her efforts towards the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7,which is to ensure access to modern reliable, renewable and affordable energy for all by 2030.
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The health problems associated with cooking using biomass in traditional stoves affect women and children most strongly, as they spend the most time near the domestic hearth. Replacing the traditional 3-rock cook stove or mud stove with an improved one and venting the smoke out of the house through a chimney can significantly improve a family's health. There are many well-documented adverse health effects of exposure to pollutants from indoor cookstoves, including acute respiratory infections (ARIs), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), cataracts, low birth weight (LBW), increased perinatal and infant mortality, nasopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer, and lung cancer. It is estimated that 4% to 5% of the global mortality and disability adjusted life- years (DALYs) are from ARIs, COPD, TB, asthma, lung cancer, ischemic heart disease, and blindness attributed to solid fuel combustion when cooking in developing countries.
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The Sustainable Energy for All Initiative calls for private sector and national commitments and attracts global attention to the importance of energy for development and poverty alleviation. The initiative has been called for by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and, as part of the initiative, the UN Foundation has launched a global Energy Access Practitioner Network. The Network aims to bring together practitioners from the private sector and civil society working on the delivery of energy services and solutions related to electrification in a range of developing country contexts to develop a more integrated approach to energy access planning and execution. The Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves is an initiative led by the UN Foundation and supports large-scale adoption of clean and safe household cooking solutions as a way to save lives, improve livelihoods, empower women, and reduce climate change missions.
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It called for the U.S. leading through "civilian power" as a cost-effective way of responding to international challenges and defusing crises. It also sought to institutionalize goals of empowering women throughout the world. A cause Clinton advocated throughout her tenure was the adoption of cookstoves in the developing world, to foster cleaner and more environmentally sound food preparation and reduce smoke dangers to women. Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and Clinton hold a "reset button", March 2009 In a 2009 internal debate regarding the War in Afghanistan, Clinton sided with the military's recommendations for a maximal "Afghanistan surge", recommending 40,000 troops and no public deadline for withdrawal. She prevailed over Vice President Joe Biden's opposition but eventually supported Obama's compromise plan to send an additional 30,000 troops and tie the surge to a timetable for eventual withdrawal.Allen and Parnes 2014, pp. 122–24. In March 2009, Clinton presented Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov with a "reset button" symbolizing U.S. attempts to rebuild ties with that country under its new president, Dmitry Medvedev.
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