She said that as a matter of routine, the Japanese military established "comfort stations" in garrisons that sexually enslaved Filipino girls and women.
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These outposts were dubbed "comfort stations" after the Japanese wartime model, according to documents Park recently unearthed from South Korea's Ministry of Health.
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Each one was just a teenager when she was imprisoned, raped, tortured, and beaten at the "comfort stations" set up by Japanese soldiers.
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Former comfort women began to speak out about being forced into brothels, euphemistically called "comfort stations," in territories occupied by the Imperial Japanese Army.
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Under the undisclosed terms of the agreement South Korea would formally refer to the women as "victims of comfort stations of the Japanese military," it said.
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And, we have two to three comfort stations on all the golf courses, which are basically mini-restaurants that serve everything from candy bars to foie gras to warm pretzels.
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And, as NPR reported, some Japanese officials now question whether the government was ever actually involved in the "comfort stations," and whether the women were forced to be there against their will.
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A United Nations investigation found that comfort stations were in use as early as 1932, and that as many as 200,000 women had been enslaved by the time the war ended in 1945.
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Going back many years, FLREA fees have been used for these purposes dozens of times during regular operations, including to "clean and sanitize floating sanitation stations and mobile beach restrooms" in the Lake Mead National Recreation Area in 22019; for "custodial operations at cabin and comfort stations, grounds maintenance; trash disposal and recycling of solid waste" at Cape Lookout National Seashore in 2015; for campground maintenance at Voyageurs National Park in 2015; and to clean and maintain comfort stations at Acadia National Park in 2016.
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A United Nations investigation in the 1990s found that comfort stations were in use as early as 19313 and that as many as 200,000 women had been enslaved by the time the war ended in 1945.
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Cracker Barrel's logistics teams work with transportation and shipping to halt deliveries to closed stores or redirect shipments and goods to "comfort stations" that provide restrooms, showers, changing stations, water, food and other supplies to employees after the storm passes.
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The United Nations Special Rapporteur on violence against women found in a report that "comfort stations" that provided forced sexual slaves for Japanese military began as early as 1932, nearly 10 years before it became a more widely known and regular practice.
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She said that Korean collaborators, as well as private Japanese recruiters, were mainly responsible for taking Korean women, sometimes using coercion, into the "comfort stations," where she said life included both rape and prostitution, and the women developed a "comradelike relationship" with Japanese soldiers.
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A 1994 report from an International Commission of Jurists found that the Japanese military set up a vast network of Korean, Chinese, Indonesian, Malaysian, Taiwanese, Dutch and Filipino women to staff "comfort stations" — essentially brothels where they'd be forced to be sexually subservient to military men.
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That term traditionally refers to Korean women whom the Japanese Imperial Army kidnapped and forced to work in military brothels called "comfort stations" during World War II. In Korea, North and South, the survivors of that system are living symbols of the country's 35 years of subjugation to Japanese colonialism.
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Unfortunately, both countries are still embroiled in a long-simmering conflict over the use of South Korean women in Japanese "comfort stations" during World War II. And because South Korea stands in lockstep with China and North Korea on this issue, the conflict presents new challenges to American policy in the region.
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Critics of the movement say that the activists are promoting an unbalanced version of history, and that statues like the one in San Francisco might stoke animosity toward people of Japanese ancestry, more than 110,000 of whom were forced into internment camps in the United States at the same time the Imperial Japanese Army was running its comfort stations.
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Throughout the Korean War, "comfort stations" were operated by South Korean officials for UN soldiers.
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Rafter ends are exposed. The original chopper-cut log ends have been cut down flat. The comfort stations were individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 25, 1995. The entire campground was considered for eligibility, but retains little historic integrity apart from the two comfort stations.
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Electric service, water service and comfort stations with showers are all available.City of Sallisaw. "Brushy Lake Park." Accessed August 22, 2015.
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Loop B has about 140 sites, and is served by 5 comfort stations. The campground's water is provided from a tank north of Loop B.
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Four "comfort stations" are located in the campground, which include modern plumbing, restrooms and showers. A camp store is accessible from both inside and outside the campground.
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The comfort stations were built in 1934 and 1935 from Park Service standard plans by Civilian Conservation Corps labor, based at Jenny Lake CCC Camp NP-4.
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There are three comfort stations. Yurt camping is available in the park. Group camping sites are also available. In 2006 Pancake Bay Provincial Park received an extension as part of Ontario's Living Legacy and now comprises .
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The comfort stations are rectangular log buildings of one story. The logs are saddle-notched. The interior has separate facilities for men and women, separated by a utility room. The gable roof is covered with wood shakes.
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There are three group camping areas. The ten sites each accommodate up to 35 people. Water taps and vault toilets are on site. The sites are located near the beaches but are not adjacent to the comfort stations.
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The comfort stations form a part of the Longmire Historic District, which is itself within the Mount Rainier National Park National Historic Landmark District, comprising the entire park. They are each individually listed on National Register of Historic Places, as of March 13, 1991.
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The park has RV and tent sites, comfort stations with showers, cabins, picnic sites, group shelters, swimming beach, playgrounds, boat ramps, fishing dock and equestrian trails. Horse rental is not available.Thomas L. Hedglen, "Great Salt Plains State Park and National Wildlife Refuge." Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture.
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In 1990, Japanese government announced that Japan was not responsible for the issue of military's comfort women, denying the fact that they forcibly took advantage of young women from numerous countries as sex slaves and the existence of comfort stations. This became the trigger for Kim Hak-sun to take courage to disclose the truth of Japanese military's comfort station and disastrous life of victims including herself. On 14 August 1991, Ms. Kim described her forced life as a comfort woman in front of the press at the Council for the Issue of Comfort Stations of Korean Women's Associations United in order to rectify distorted truth. > I do not understand why Japan is lying.
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Japanese historian Yoshiaki Yoshimi further states that the Japanese military used comfort women to satisfy disgruntled soldiers during World War II and prevent military revolt.. He also asserts that, despite the goal of reducing rape and venereal disease, the comfort stations did the opposite—aggravating rape and increasing the spread of venereal disease.
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Agawa Bay has 152 campsites. There are two comfort stations located in the campground equipped with showers, laundry facilities and flush toilets. An amphitheatre is located in the campground, and presentations here by park staff are a common occurrence in the summer months. All the campsites are within walking distance to Lake Superior.
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Wednesday demonstration in front of the Japanese Embassy in Seoul, October 2012 Korea has been demanding official acknowledgement with a sincere apology and compensation for the sex slaves or comfort women issue, referring to the women and girls who were forced to have sex with Imperial Japanese military soldiers during World War II. According to the World Conference on Japanese Military Sexual Slavery, enlisted to the military stations through force, kidnapping, coercion, and deception, the Korean sex slaves, mostly girls under the age of 18, were raped and tortured by 30–40 soldiers each day. According to the New York Times, > Most mainstream historians agree that the Imperial Army treated women in > conquered territories as spoils of battle, rounding them up to work in a > system of military-run brothels known as comfort stations that stretched > from China to the South Pacific. Many were deceived with offers of jobs in > factories and hospitals and then forced to provide sex for imperial soldiers > in the comfort stations. In Southeast Asia, there is evidence that Japanese > soldiers simply kidnapped women to work in the comfort stations.
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The Tuolumne Meadows Ranger Station and Comfort Stations are examples of National Park Service Rustic design in Yosemite National Park. They are within the Tuolumne Meadows Historic District at Tuolumne Meadows. The ranger station was built in 1924 using peeled log construction. The ranger station doubled as the park entrance station for the Tioga Road.
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33 million yen were loaned to the RAA, which then distributed shares to its members. The RAA established its first brothel on August 28: the Komachien in Ōmori. By December 1945, the RAA owned 34 facilities, 16 of which were "comfort stations". The total number of women employed by the RAA amounted to 55,000 at its peak.
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When Bruce Nuclear closed and decommissioned its Heavy Water plant in 1998, safety concerns were minimized and the process of opening up the park again for overnight camping began. On 8 July 2005, the park re-opened as an overnight camping destination featuring 125 private campsites with electrical service, convenient comfort stations, and an improved network of trails.
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Clayton Lake State Park is a Oklahoma state park located in Pushmataha County, Oklahoma, south of Clayton, Oklahoma."Clayton Lake, Oklahoma," OutdoorsOK. Accessed August 24, 2015. It has RV sites and tent camping areas, along with primitive cabins, one family-style two bedroom cabin, picnic tables, group picnic shelters, comfort stations with showers, and boat ramps.
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The main campground has approximately 250 sites. Two comfort stations are located in the main campground equipped with showers, laundry facilities and flush toilets. There is an amphitheater located in the campground and presentations by the park naturalists occur every weekend during the summer months. A flyer detailing the weekly events can be found in the park gatehouse.
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Approximately 70 of the sites are located on a hill on the western end of the camping area. These are all large sites. They are close to the fen and the in- camp hiking trail but are a 5 to 8 minute walk from the beach. One of the comfort stations is located in the Hilltop campground.
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A two-story brick ventilation building for the subway is also located within the park at Broadway and Dongan Place. There are also two comfort stations in the park. The first is a structure at Broadway and Sherman Avenue that looks like a cottage, while the second is located inside a slope north of the Cloisters.
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Hiking trails lead to the summit of nearby Blood Mountain The recreational area has camping loops offer 36 campsites, including 21 which can accommodate tents and RVs; these sites provide utility hook-ups. There is also a group camping area which accommodates up to 25 people.Nutt (2002), pp. 23-24 The area houses comfort stations with flush toilets and showers.
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Also located along the shores of Great Salt Plains Lake is Great Salt Plains State Park. Recreational opportunities at Great Salt Plains State Park include boating, camping, picnicking, swimming, hiking, mountain biking and exploring. The park has RV and tent sites, comfort stations with showers, cabins, picnic sites, group shelters, swimming beach, playgrounds, boat ramps, fishing dock and equestrian trails.
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Fitzroy Provincial Park is a provincial park on the Ottawa River in Ontario, designated as recreational-class by Ontario Parks. White pine covers much of this park. The park has century-old trees and a stand of 300-year-old bur oaks by the Carp River. There are two campgrounds within the park, both with comfort stations, a boat launch and park store.
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After being closed in the mid-1960s, they were restored by Kupiec & Koutsomitis and reopened in 1992. The restrooms have been described as being among the city's best. A subsequent renovation in 2006 solidified their status as, in the words of then-New York City Parks Commissioner Adrian Benepe, "the gold standard for park comfort stations." The restrooms were renovated again in 2017.
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It is unique in that groups or families may reserve the entire park and pool. The park may be rented for 24 hours. The park also offers a large swimming pool with shelter, a barbecue area and poolside tables and chairs. The park area has an additional shelter with 55 picnic tables, as well as hiking trails and comfort stations.
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Ohio House is one of four exposition buildings remaining in Fairmount Park. The others are Memorial Hall and two comfort stations. The British buildings were extensive and exhibited the evolved bicycle, with tension spokes and a large front wheel. Two English manufacturers, Bayless Thomas and Rudge, displayed their high-wheel bikes (called "ordinary bikes" or "penny farthings") at the exposition.
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In September 1945, United States Armed Forces, led by General John R. Hodge, occupied South Korea after Korea's liberation from Japan. This also included Imperial Japanese comfort stations. These events continued the government-sanctioned prostitution that was established in Korea under Japan's rule. The formation of licensed prostitution by Japan established registration protocols and mandatory STD examinations for Korean sex workers.
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Locally quarried sandstone and wormy chestnut were used to construct numerous comfort stations and shelters that anchor "playstead" meadows. The shelters evidence sophisticated design and placement; the Octagon Shelter located on the top of a knoll, the Ledges Shelter's rectilinear plan parallels the ledge wall face and the Lake Shelter sited at the base of a hill that fronts the man-made lake surrounded by rolling hills.
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Part of the campground loop, including one of the comfort stations, were built by the CCC in the 1930s. North of the contact station is an interpretive hiking trail, which passes through the park's old growth forest area. The Appalachian Trail, which branches from the Long Trail on the mountain ridge above the park, runs east–west through the campground and around Kent Pond.
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Troy Park is a regional park comprising 101 acres in Elkridge, Maryland. The park is located at 6500 Mansion Lane off Washington Boulevard, near the intersection of Maryland Route 100 and I-95. Troy Park currently features several athletic fields, a playground, and trails. Once completed, the park will include pathways, comfort stations, an indoor sports complex, a community center, and a newly renovated Troy Mansion.
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Big rig sites, shaded sites and 35 tent sites are also available. Foss State Park has an equestrian camp with a multi-purpose trail for horseback riding, hiking and mountain biking. Horse rental is not available. The park also features picnic areas, group picnic shelters, grills, fire rings, comfort stations with showers, lighted boat ramps, boat storage, boat rentals, playgrounds, swimming beach and a seasonal marina.
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Other facilities include comfort stations with showers, picnic tables, group picnic shelters, lighted boat ramps, unlighted gravel ramp, playgrounds, nature center, miniature golf course and swimming beach. Hiking trails include a self-guided nature trail, handicapped trail and a round trip trail. Lake Wister State Park has a fully equipped group camp that accommodates 100 visitors and includes a full kitchen and dining hall.
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The units provide training and job opportunities to people and help them set up their own units after successful completion of training by providing financial assistance. They claim the scheme has benefitted over 2000 women. They are also involved in sanitation programs under which 750 low cost comfort stations have been constructed. The program also incorporates waste water disposal by channelising it for irrigation purposes.
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In February 2014, a contractor started adding of sand as an anti-erosion measure, enough to raise the beach by . Simultaneously, a controversy arose around the comfort stations; though some of the modules had not been installed yet, several modules were visibly rusting. The first rebuilt section between Beach 86th and 97th Streets opened in May 2015. The entire length of the boardwalk reopened in July 2016.
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The FDR Boardwalk was made with concrete and timber and contains several pavilions, restrooms, and "comfort stations" along its length. A boulevard, now known as Father Capodanno Boulevard, was built on the landward side of the boardwalk. A "protected" bicycle lane, segregated from other traffic, stretches the length of the boardwalk. The South Beach–Franklin Delano Roosevelt Boardwalk is very lightly used compared to other beaches in New York City.
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The pools were to have several common features, such as a minimum length, underwater lighting, heating, filtration, and low- cost construction materials. To fit the requirement for cheap materials, each building would be built using elements of the Streamline Moderne and Classical architectural styles. The buildings would also be located near "comfort stations", additional playgrounds, and spruced-up landscapes. Construction for some of the 11 pools began in October 1934.
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Individually listed structures on the National Register include the Longmire Buildings, a National Historic Landmark comprising the park's former headquarters, the Longmire Cabin, and three comfort stations, L-302, L-303 and L-304. The district was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 13, 1991. Longmire is also the location of Mount Rainier's National Park Inn, the Longmire Museum. These buildings are constructed in rustic style.
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The pools were to have several common features, such as a minimum length, underwater lighting, heating, filtration, and low-cost construction materials. To fit the requirement for cheap materials, each building would be built using elements of the Streamline Moderne and Classical architectural styles. The buildings would also be located near "comfort stations", additional playgrounds, and spruced-up landscapes. Construction for some of the 11 pools began in October 1934.
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The Timber Creek Campground Comfort Stations are a set of three historic public toilet facilities in Rocky Mountain National Park. Designed in 1935 by landscape architect Howard W. Baker of the National Park Service Branch of Plans and Designs, the National Park Service Rustic buildings were built with Civilian Conservation Corps labor in 1939. They were added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 29, 1988.
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The park features a fishing lake, nature trail, baseball diamond, playground, picnic tables, group picnic shelters, charcoal grills, and comfort stations with showers. After the state announced that it would close the park as a budget-cutting measure, the Choctaw tribe took over ownership and management responsibilities. This is no longer a state park. Boggy Depot was added to the National Register of Historic Places (#72001050) in 1972.
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There are several recreational facilities along the beach and boardwalk, including basketball and handball courts, a roller-hockey rink, skateparks, and playgrounds. In addition, there are food concessions at Beach 17th, 86th, 97th, and 106th Streets. "Comfort stations", or restrooms, also exist at Beach 9th, 17th, 32nd, 60th, 86th, 97th, 106th, and 115th Streets. The section of the park within Far Rockaway contains three sets of recreational facilities.
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Lighted boat ramps, picnic areas, RV and tent campgrounds, snacks, lake huts, playgrounds, volleyball court, and horseshoe pits are also available. Picnic facilities include tables, individual shelters, and group picnic shelters for larger gatherings. Campsites range from semi-modern RV sites to tent camping and offer comfort stations with showers. The park also offers one-room lake huts with electricity, ceiling fans, and screened windows, grills, tables, water, and restroom facilities.
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Adjacent to the airport are the salt ponds at Hanapepe where paakai is prepared. The principal planned improvements are the development of helicopter lease lots to the eastern end of the airport, construction of public comfort stations and minor roadway improvements. For the 12-month period ending December 31, 2008, the airport had 5,535 aircraft operations, an average of 15 per day: 59% air taxi, 40% general aviation, and 1% military.
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The pools were to have several common features, such as a minimum length, underwater lighting, heating, filtration, and low-cost construction materials. To fit the requirement for cheap materials, each building would be built using elements of the Streamline Moderne and Classical architectural styles. The buildings would also be located near "comfort stations", additional playgrounds, and spruced-up landscapes. Construction for some of the 11 pools began that October.
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A similar statement was offered before on July 6, 1992 by Kono's predecessor Koichi Kato saying that the "Government had been involved in the establishment of comfort stations, the control of those who recruited comfort women, the construction and reinforcement of comfort facilities, the management and surveillance of comfort stations, [...]" and that the government wanted to "express its sincere apology and remorse to all those who have suffered indescribable hardship as so-called 'wartime comfort women.'" Kono's subsequent call for historical research and education aimed at remembering the issue became the basis for addressing the subject of forced prostitution in school history textbooks. It also led to the creation of the Asian Women's Fund, which provided aid and support to women who had been forced into prostitution during the war. On June 9, 2015, Kono stated at a press conference that there was undeniable evidence that comfort women were forcibly taken, citing Dutch women in Indonesia.
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The upper level features an arched log from which small logs radiate to the roof gable, forming a sort of sunburst screen. A small lean-to bay was added in 1909, with another addition to the rear in 1910 that may have functioned as the superintendent's office. The cabin was the superintendent's winter quarters until 1915. Other buildings in the district include an equipment building and men's and women's comfort stations (1927).
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The park's paths would also be restored with the addition of three new pedestrian bridges; a playground; four activity centers, of which two would be outdoors and two would be indoors; a skate park; an athletic field; and three basketball courts built within the park. "Comfort stations" and food concessions would also be added. The Van Cortlandt Golf Course was renovated in 2016. The skate park, new playground, and path improvements were completed in 2020.
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From there, Loop A is located to the west, while Loop B is located to the north. An amphitheater, used for ranger-led activities, is located between the two loops, and there is a short trail leading from Loop A down toward the shore. The campground is separated from the shore by the park's loop road. Loop A has 160 campsites (although this number has historically varied and is subject to change), and is served by six comfort stations.
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After the war ended, a few comfort stations were added, as was an amphitheater (which was replaced by the present one in 1975). Loop B was built in the 1960s as part of a funding program celebrating the 50th anniversary of the National Park Service. Since then, only modest changes have been made to the campground. Its access road was widened, and a new checkin station was built in 1978 after the old one was destroyed by fire.
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In fact, I think it's only shown in penitentiaries and comfort stations." Author Scott Eyman agreed with Vallee. "Neilan's The Vagabond Lover features the adenoidal singing and ungodly dance- band music of Ruby Vallee, who displays the preoccupied concern of a man trying to pass a kidney stone; his acting ability was of the sort usually found only in sixth-grade plays. Vallee makes Crosby look like Cagney and plays the kind of music that Spike Jones mercilessly parodied.
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The Longmire Campground Comfort Stations were built in the early and mid-1930s in Mount Rainier National Park to provide public toilet facilities to automobile tourists camping in the park at Longmire. Essentially the same in design, the facilities were designed by the National Park Service Branch of Plans and Designs. Their construction was supervised by park landscape architect Ernest A. Davidson. The timber frame buildings followed the tenets of the prevailing National Park Service Rustic style.
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The decision to use concrete and plastic was again controversial, but according to NYC Parks, was necessary to repair decades of use and deterioration. On May 15, 2018, the 95th anniversary of the boardwalk's opening, the Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the boardwalk a city landmark. With that designation, the boardwalk became the city's eleventh "scenic landmark," and as such, could not be removed. The same month, two comfort stations opened at Brighton 15th Street after several years of debate.
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It follows the prototype of the Nisqually Entrance Station, although the Nisqually station was remodeled to incorporate the porte-cochere first used at White River. The building provided living and working quarters for a ranger, with two bedrooms, a dining room, kitchen bathroom and living room. Men's and women's "comfort stations," or public toilets, were built nearby in 1931 in a similar style. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 13, 1991.
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Because the RAA and related systems were inspired by Japanese wartime experiences, their structures and terminologies were based on the pre- existing wartime comfort women system. Brothels were referred to with the euphemisms "comfort stations" and "comfort facilities", and prostitutes were referred to as "comfort women". Because of this, many English-language and Japanese scholars of the RAA continue to use those terms in their research. To what degree the two systems are actually comparable is a matter of debate among historians, however.
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The main feature is Schoodic Head, the highest point on the peninsula at above sea level. A number of hiking trails ascend the Head. Other features include the picnic area at Frazer Point, views of Schoodic Point, Blueberry Hill, and the Anvil. Many of the developed features of the park, including some of its hiking trails, service roads, and comfort stations, were built by crews of the Civilian Conservation Corps in the 1930s in the National Park Service's Rustic architectural style.
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According to testimonies, some young women were abducted from their homes in countries under Imperial Japanese rule. In many cases, local middlemen tasked with procuring prostitutes for the military lured women with promises of work in factories or restaurants. In some cases propaganda advocated equity and the sponsorship of women in higher education. Other enticements were false advertising for nursing jobs at outposts or Japanese army bases; once recruited, they were incarcerated in comfort stations both inside their nations and abroad.
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Currently, the prison houses 2,336 medium security beds, 154 minimum security beds, and 510 beds in specialized units such as administrative segregation, disciplinary segregation, intensive management, and the infirmary/hospice. It is staffed by approximately 900 employees. Among the prison industries housed at Snake River are a commercial call center, a metal shop that manufactures road signs for the state, and a building trades program that manufactures small modular structures such as comfort stations and gatehouses for the state parks.
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The bridge opened in 1929. The bridge underwent substantial rehabilitation in 1994, with much of its mechanical functions replaced, while the "look" of the bridge was maintained. At each corner are concrete buildings now used as the operators' house, a storage room, machine room, and comfort stations. A historic bridge survey conducted by the New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) from 1991–1994 determined that the bridge was eligible for listing on the New Jersey Register of Historic Places and the National Register of Historic Places.
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These brokers, many of whom were affiliated with the yakuza, used less ethical recruitment techniques. The , a government organization for mobilizing girls and women ages 14–25 for work in factories, was a popular target as many of these women were left unemployed and stranded by the end of the war. Yuki Tanaka reports that groups of these women would be deceived and delivered, unknowing, to brothels. Despite these deceptive recruitment practices, most women working in the comfort stations ultimately consented to work as prostitutes.
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The musical follows several Korean women characters tricked into working at comfort stations in Indonesia. Other credits include Interview: A New Musical, Green Card: A New Musical, See What I Wanna See, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, As You Like It, West Side Story, Luxury of Love Letters, Advice to the Players, The Cherry Orchard, Godspell, The Upper Lip, Finding My Way Back Home, Promenade, Life is a Dream, West Side Ballad, Our Town, Joseph And The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Spring Is Arising and Jesus Christ Superstar.
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Fort Cobb State Park is a Oklahoma state park located in Caddo County, Oklahoma, USA. It is located near the city of Fort Cobb. The park offers recreational activities and facilities including camping, fishing, boating, water sports, golf, hunting and swimming. A visitors' center is located on site, as well as a gift shop, bait and tackle shop, RV sites with water and electric hook-ups, primitive camping areas, scenic views of the lake, comfort stations, showers, picnic sites, group shelters, a playground, swimming beach and marina.
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Anakkara is surrounded by many small and large scale cardamom and pepper plantations. Tourists can get a glimpse of farming, harvesting and processing of these spices by visiting the farms that offer plantation visits. Tourists visiting Anakkara must also note that this is a remote village and may lack many of the infrastructures that they expect from a tourism center such as an Information Center, comfort stations, ATMs etc. Access is not a problem as Anakkara lies on the state highway connecting the state's two prominent tourist destinations of Thekkady and Munnar.
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The Ohio House, or Ohio State Building, is a historic building located in west Fairmount Park, Philadelphia. The house was built from various Ohio sandstones and functioned as the Ohio state exhibit for the Centennial Exposition of 1876. The only other extant exposition structures are Memorial Hall and two small comfort stations; the building is the only extant state exhibit remaining from the exposition. The house was restored for the Bicentennial Celebration in 1976, and leased to Ohio House Partners by the Fairmount Park Historic Preservation Trust in 2006.
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"Report on Public Baths and Public Comfort Stations", April 9, 1897, The Mayor's Committee of New York City. The People's Baths served as a model to which the City of New York would later build the city's truly public bathhouses. The block also included several gun stores including the John Jovino at 5 Centre Market Place, and the older Frank Lava Gunsmith at 6 Centre Market Place. The gun stores were part of a gun district owing to its proximity to the police headquarters at 240 Centre St.Abbott, Berenice "Gunsmith" .
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Historians and researchers have stated that the majority were from Korea, China, Japan and Philippines but women from Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Taiwan, Indonesia, East Timor and other Japanese-occupied territories were also used in "comfort stations". Stations were located in Japan, China, the Philippines, Indonesia, then Malaya, Thailand, then Burma, then New Guinea, Hong Kong, Macau, and what was then French Indochina.. Young women from countries under Japanese Imperial control were reportedly abducted from their homes. In some cases, women were also recruited with offers to work in the military.; ; ; .
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There were also women who were unable to leave their brothels, however, because they had been sold by their impoverished families or because they owed money to the brothel. Some comfort stations used "company store" tactics and to keep women in debt and unable to leave, something a contemporary GHQ official compared to "enslavement". Contracts forcing women to work at brothels in repayment of debts were eventually abolished by a SCAP order (SCAPIN 642) in January 1946, although some Japanese officials were skeptical of how well such a prohibition could be enforced.
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During the Japanese occupation, Filipino women were greatly abused and violated. At this particular time in history, Filipino women were threatened and forced to labor as "comfort women." Upon their arrival in the country, the Japanese built "houses of relaxation" or comfort stations where Korean, Filipino, and Chinese women were brought and forced into service. From 1941-1942 - when the Japanese soldiers were just starting to invade the Philippines - thousands of Filipino women were taken from their homes and forced to provide the Imperial Japanese Army all kinds of sexual services.
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At the time of its opening, the boardwalk was said to be wider and more expensive than the comparable boardwalks at Atlantic City, the Rockaways, and Long Beach on Long Island. After the boardwalk was completed, New York City Comptroller Charles L. Craig said that it could not be considered a "real boardwalk" without pergolas and restrooms. Accordingly, in June 1924, the New York City Board of Estimate approved the erection of five comfort stations and five "pergolas or pavilions within the lines of the public beach." The pavilions were completed by early 1925.
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Brighton Beach section of the boardwalk in 2008 NYC Parks started replanking the boardwalk with ipe wood in the late 1990s, though this was opposed by environmental groups who objected to the wood being logged from the Amazon rainforest. New comfort stations and shade pavilions were added around 2001. By 2010, the city government was renovating the boardwalk: some sections were receiving new wood planking over concrete supports, while others were being replaced entirely with concrete, which had a lower maintenance cost. However, the addition of the concrete sections was controversial.
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The CCC built the Cascade Canyon and Death Canyon barns, as well as the Moran Bay and Upper Granite Canyon patrol cabins. Despite their names, the barns were patrol cabins, built to standard Park Service designs from the Branch of Plans and Designs, and intentionally designed in the National Park Service Rustic style. The CCC built three comfort stations as well, including the String Lake Comfort Station, originally located at Jenny Lake. The largest concentration of structures from this era comprise the Old Administrative Area Historic District at Beaver Creek.
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In the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, Japan's military closely regulated privately-operated brothels in Manchuria. The first comfort station was established in the Japanese concession in Shanghai in 1932. Earlier comfort women were Japanese prostitutes who volunteered for such service. However, as Japan continued military expansion, the military found itself short of Japanese volunteers, and turned to local populations - abducting or coercing women into serving in the comfort stations.. Many women responded to calls to work as factory workers or nurses, and did not know that they were being pressed into sexual slavery.
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Documents were discovered verifying the Japanese Army as the funding agency for purchasing some comfort women. Documents were found in Shanghai that showed details of how the Japanese Army went about opening comfort stations for Japanese troops in occupied Shanghai. Documents included the Tianjin Municipal Archives from the archival files of the Japanese government and the Japanese police during the periods of the occupation in World War II. Municipal archives from Shanghai and Nanjing were also examined. One conclusion reached was that the relevant archives in Korea are distorted.
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This allowed park visitors to make day-trip to Watchman Peak on the west rim and Garfield Peak on the south rim, and return to the lodge by evening. In 1921, Fred Kiser was given permission to construct a stone building near the edge of the rim where he could sell his hand colored photographs of Crater Lake. By 1924, a number of amenities were available in the "Village" area. These included the lodge, a public campground, Kiser's studio, a park community center for special programs, and public comfort stations.
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Report on public baths and public comfort stations by the Mayor's committee of New York City (1897) (14591088910) Free Public Baths 538 East 11th Street Asser Levy Recreation CenterAlthough Baruch met with continual resistance, by 1895, he successfully persuaded the State Legislature to pass a law to obligate cities exceeding a population of 50,000 to establish and maintain free bathhouse facilities, and an order from the local Board of Alderman to construct a public bath in the City of New York. In 1897, 9 Centre Market Place People's Baths, located between Centre and Mulberry Streets, served as a prototype public bathhouse. Financed by private contributions from the Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor (AICP), and built on land owned by the City Mission and the Tract Society, the facility provided more than 100,000 people a year with a bath, soap, and a towel for five cents."Report on Public Baths and Public Comfort Stations", April 9, 1897, The Mayor's Committee of New York City. In 1901, Baruch and his colleagues, Deputy Commissioner of Health of the City of New York Fowler and Dr. Van Santvoord, presided over the opening of the first free public bathhouse, Rivington Street municipal bath, located at 326 Rivington, on the Lower East Side of Manhattan.
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Honda was recalled to service in mid-December 1939, a week before his daughter, Takako, was due to be born. Having already risen in rank, Honda was able to visit his wife and daughter in the hospital but had to leave afterwards immediately to China. Between 1940 and 1941, Honda was assigned to manage a "comfort station", a euphemism for brothels established in occupied areas. Honda would later write an essay titled Reflections of an Officer in Charge of Comfort Women published in Movie Art Magazine in April 1966, detailing his experiences and other comfort women's experiences working in comfort stations.
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Original "Fifth Avenue"-style street lights Restroom facilities, benches, and drinking fountains are located along the boardwalk's length, both on the level of the boardwalk and beneath it. Five pavilions and five pergolas were completed in 1925 by J. Sarsfield Kennedy. These no longer exist, but were designed in the Mediterranean Revival style and were characterized by "arched entrances, rows of Tuscan columns, corner piers, and red tile roofs." "Comfort stations" or restrooms, also no longer extant, were also built below the level of the boardwalk, and were characterized by ornamental semicircular stairs and rooftop terraces that aligned with the boardwalk's elevation.
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All sites are located close to a source of running water, as well as a latrine or flush toilet. Comfort stations with washrooms, showers, and laundry facilities are available at major campgrounds. There are also radio-free areas, a visitor centre, gift shop, and the Mugwump ferry, which brings visitors to the Clifftop Trail located across Mazinaw Lake. In addition, accommodation in heated yurts is available in the Sawmill Bay camping area,Yurts in Bon Echo Provincial Park as well as a number of cabins, most of which are located on Bon Echo Lake, west of Highway 41.
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Still, in 1913, the 18-hole golf course opened and "by 1917, the park included playing fields, a children's playground, tennis courts, propagating houses for the nursery, and a large, classically-designed golf shelter." In the early 1930s, the Great Depression caused the bankruptcy of the individual park districts. In 1934, the 22 independent agencies were consolidated into the Chicago Park District. After the consolidation of Chicago's park commissions into the Chicago Park District in 1934, park workers redesigned the golf shelter, built comfort stations, and expanded the walking paths in the park to include the islands.
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In the 1930s the Park Service added rustic public toilet facilities, called "comfort stations." The White Grass Ranger Station was built to a standardized Park Service plan in 1930. The park had already inherited a number of similar structures built by the U.S. Forest Service prior to the 1929 establishment of the park, including the Leigh Lake Ranger Patrol Cabin and the Lower Berry Creek Patrol Cabin in the northern reaches of the park. As the Great Depression wore on, the Park Service received help from Civilian Conservation Corps labor, and a CCC camp was established at Jenny Lake.
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The plaintiff delegates also included "13 former soldiers and civilians who were attached to Japanese military, 1 prison guard, 3 widows, and 15 survivors." In the complaint, they claimed that both Japanese government and military were responsible for operation of comfort stations and damage inflicted on the victims, and also they ignored their "mental and physical suffering." Plus, she revealed her suffering in the comfort station in the book of collection of victims' testimonies, Korean Comfort Women Who Were Taken Away by Force. She actively participated in rallies and protests which were held in front of the Embassy of Japan in Korea.
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In July 1945, land located between Long Island Avenue and Grand Boulevard on the border between Wyandanch and Deer Park was donated by William Geiger to the Town of Babylon to be developed as a recreational site for residents of the Town of Babylon. The Babylon Town Board voted $3,500 to improve the "small lake." In 1946, Babylon cut the brush around the lake, dredged and cleared it, and rehabilitated "a sturdy log cabin" into concession and comfort stations. The Geiger Lake Town Beach and picnic grove was opened to the public on July 21, 1946.
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The Jenny Lake Ranger Station Historic District comprises an area that was the main point of visitor contact in Grand Teton National Park from the 1930s to 1960. Located near Jenny Lake, the buildings are a mixture of purpose-built structures and existing buildings that were adapted for use by the National Park Service. The ranger station was built as a cabin by Lee Mangus north of Moose, Wyoming about 1925 and was moved and rebuilt around 1930 for Park Service use. A store was built by a concessioner, and comfort stations were built to Park Service standard plans.
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Just prior to the 1913 Gettysburg reunion, additional passing sidings on the "Gettysburg & Harrisburg branch of the Philadelphia and Reading Railway company" were constructed between Goodyear and Gettysburg, and a switch from Round Top Branch connected westbound onto the Western Maryland. The state health department operated reunion comfort stations at both Gettysburg depots (cf. Gettysburg Railroad Station), and President Woodrow Wilson used the Round Top Branch to depart the Great Camp on his special train. Similarly, President Franklin D. Roosevelt's southbound train passed the Eternal Light Peace Memorial and stopped at a special station from where he motored to Oak Hill to dedicate the memorial during the 1938 Gettysburg reunion.
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The Seawall Campground is located on of parkland near the southern end of the western lobe of Mount Desert Island, in a portion of Acadia National Park that is separated from the largest portion, which is on the island's eastern lobe. It is on the north side of Route 102A, the main loop road around the coast of that part of the island. The entrance road leads north to the checkin station, north of which four loops of campsites branch. Other public facilities include comfort stations with toilets and hot showers, and an amphitheater, while service facilities including park staff housing and other utility buildings.
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Forty percent of them were from Japan, the most heavily > represented nation. Many were sold to brokers by their parents. Some > responded willingly to brokers' offers; others were deceived. I would add > that, on the average, living conditions in the comfort stations were > practically identical to those in brothels set up for American troops during > the Vietnam War. Historian Chunghee Sarah Soh notes that Hata had put the total number of comfort women at 90,000 in 1993 but he later revised the number downward because of "his political alignment with the conservative anti-redress camp in Japan that emerged in the latter half of the 1990s".
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The boardwalk was slightly damaged during Hurricane Sandy later that year, and the adjacent amusement parks and aquarium suffered more severe damage, as did Steeplechase Pier. Further comfort stations were added in 2013, with four modular units being delivered to West 8th, West 2nd, Brighton 2nd, and New Brighton Streets. In 2014, amid the push to rebuild the boardwalk using concrete, two local members of the City Council, Mark Treyger and Chaim Deutsch, suggested making the boardwalk a New York City landmark. The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission initially rejected the application for landmark status, and later in 2014, NYC Parks commenced a project to repair the boardwalk using concrete.
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The Honey Creek Area at Grand Lake State Park, previously Honey Creek State Park, is a Oklahoma state park located on Grand Lake, near the city of Grove, Oklahoma in Delaware County, Oklahoma"Honey Creek Area at Grand Lake State Park." TravelOK Accessed November 19, 2016. Honey Creek provides access to Grand Lake for fishing and boating. Facilities include 49 RV sites, 100 tent sites, paved interior roads and RV sites, lighted boat ramp, picnic areas and two covered group shelters, outdoor grills, 4 comfort stations with showers, dump station, a playground, swimming pool, a courtesy boat dock for loading and unloading, courtesy fishing dock, and fish cleaning station.
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The district still serves as a point of visitor contact, but was superseded as the primary contact center with the construction of Mission 66 facilities at Moose, which themselves have recently been replaced by newer facilities. The Crandall Studio, formerly used is a book and gift store by the Grand Teton Association, as well as functioning as a small visitor center. The ranger station is no longer a primary visitor contact point, a function now fulfilled by the Crandall Studio, but the comfort stations remain in use. The ranger station is now used as a base for climbing rangers and to issue climbing permits.
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Moses also proposed to charge 25 cents for parking and 10 cents to enter the boardwalk, drawing up to 2.4 million people within 30 years. The development included adding bathhouses; parking lots with spaces for 7,000 cars; several small bus terminals; comfort stations; and recreational facilities such as playgrounds, baseball fields, handball courts, roller hockey fields, skateparks, shuffleboard courts, bocce courts, and checkers tables. Some of fill were dredged from the Lower New York Bay to protect the adjacent uplands. Moses claimed that in the original project, the area inland of the boardwalk was too narrow to accommodate recreational facilities, but that the city now had the land on which to build these facilities.
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Yasuura House, one such center The (RAA) was the largest of the organizations established by the Japanese government to provide organized prostitution and other leisure facilities for occupying Allied troops immediately following World War II. The RAA established its first brothel on 28 August: the Komachien in Ōmori. By December 1945, the RAA owned 34 facilities, 16 of which were "comfort stations". The total number of prostitutes employed by the RAA amounted to 55,000 at its peak. The dispersal of prostitution made it harder for GHQ to control STIs and also caused an increase in rapes by GIs, from an average of 40 a day before the SCAP order to an estimated 330 per day immediately after.
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Port Charlotte, September 16, 2004. Congressman Mark Foley (right) checks out the travel trailers that FEMA provides as temporary housing President George W. Bush declared Florida a federal disaster area. He later reflected on the government response to Charley: U.S. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson released $11 million in additional aid and other assistance to Florida, with $10 million to be earmarked to Head Start facilities that need repair or new supplies, another $1 million was provided to the DeSoto Memorial Hospital in Arcadia and Osceola Regional Medical Center in Kissimmee, and $200,000 would be spent to provide services to senior citizens. Across Florida, 114 food service operations and eight comfort stations were set up.
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This species of toad is designated as a threatened species within Ontario and Canada by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. There are two parts to the park, the "Old Park" (also known as Cottonwood Campground), which is a small chunk of land surrounded by cottages that contains about eighty camp sites; it just recently got showers and comfort stations (washroom). The other section is the "new park", which contains Firefly, Monarch's Rest and Turtle Dunes Campgrounds as well as a boat launch and many good views of the marshes and Long Point Bay. It is larger and more spread than the old park and about a kilometre further down Long Point.
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In 1998, Friends of Prospect Park was organized by a group of Troy citizens to maintain and promote the public park. It is a nonprofit group responsible for improvements to the children’s playground, the sign welcoming patrons as they enter the park, renovations of bathrooms and comfort stations housed beneath the swimming pool, yearly bulb plantings, and many more . However, since then, Prospect Park has lost its popularity among the Troy community and has begun to deteriorate over the years. Today, the group organizes various environmental efforts to do park clean ups and clean ups of surrounding trails to revitalize the park to serve the purpose it was made for in the early 1900s when established .
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In spring 2010, they followed this with a third-place ranking for JSU's online nursing master's program and a sixth-place ranking for the online nursing bachelor's degree. In October 2007, the College of Commerce and Business Administration was named one of the 290 best business schools in the world by The Princeton Review and ranked second in providing the greatest opportunities for women. In 2007, the school broke ground for the Little River Canyon Center. The building houses National Park Service offices, an exhibit hall, meeting space, classrooms, and comfort stations and is the site of the JSU Little River Canyon Field School, which sponsors dozens of activities, seminars and programs each year.
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Diary of a Japanese Military Brothel Manager is a book of diaries written by a clerk who worked in Japanese military brothels, also known as "comfort stations", in Burma and Singapore during World War II. The author, a Korean businessman, kept a daily diary between 1922 and 1957. The diaries were discovered by historian An Byeong-jik in 2012 and published in South Korea in 2013. The Diary of a Japanese Military Brothel Manager is regarded as an important and credible contemporary document on the workings of Japan's comfort women system. The diary sheds light on the extent to which comfort women should be regarded as "sex slaves", and the level of control which the Japanese military exercised over military brothels.
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Some 70 years after their imprisonment in so-called “comfort stations”, the three “grandmothers”—Grandma Gil in South Korea, Grandma Cao in China, and Grandma Adela in the Philippines—face their twilight years in fading health. After decades of living in silence and shame about their past, they know that time is running out to give a first-hand account of the truth and ensure that this horrific chapter of history is not forgotten. As the film unfolds, their history and the struggles that have shaped them and continue to impact their lives come into view. Intimate scenes of daily routines and affectionate exchanges with friends and loved ones provide a glimpse into how they have managed to carry on despite their traumatic experiences.
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A walkway in the park in summertime Stuyvesant Square Park, like many other city parks, was extensively rehabilitated in a more populist manner during the 1930s, when the 19th-century plan was modified by Parks Commissioner Robert Moses' landscape architect Gilmore D. Clarke, with the addition of comfort stations, playgrounds and other built amenities. The park reopened in 1937; the 1980s saw restorations of the two 1884 fountains, the preservation of the cast iron fence, and relaying the original bluestone sidewalks in two ellipses, with renovated lawns, shrubs and flower beds. A few old trees, English elm and Little-leaf linden, still flourish. Further contributions to the park have included Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney's Peter Stuyvesant (1941) and Ivan Mestorvic’s Antonín Dvořák (1963, moved here 1997).
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Women who were used for military "comfort stations" also came from Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaya, Manchukuo, Taiwan (then a Japanese dependency), the Dutch East Indies, Portuguese Timor, New Guinea and other Japanese-occupied territories. Stations were located in Japan, China, the Philippines, Indonesia, then Malaya, Thailand, Burma, New Guinea, Hong Kong, Macau, and French Indochina.. A smaller number of women of European origin were also involved from the Netherlands and Australia with an estimated 200–400 Dutch women alone. Originally, the brothels were established to provide soldiers with voluntary prostitutes in order to reduce the incidence of wartime rape, a cause of rising anti-Japanese sentiment across occupied territories. However, many women ended up being forced to work in the brothels against their own will.
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Ricardo Zurita has designed a variety of projects with public impact at a wide spectrum of scale and type, including master planning, buildings, outdoor spaces, interiors and public art. He is most recognized for his long term involvement as lead architect for the Redevelopment of Randall’s Island, the largest public park project in New York City in over a half century. Authoring the master plan, Zurita designed a number of buildings on the island, the most notable of them being Icahn Stadium and the Sportime Randall's Island Tennis Center that serves as the venue for the John McEnroe Tennis Academy. Additionally, on the island he designed public comfort stations, a power substation, a nature education center, maintenance buildings and redesigned the access ramp from the Robert F. Kennedy Triborough Bridge to the island.
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For example, in the city of Kansk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, about 50 Japanese married locals and stayed. Today many Russian women married Japanese men, often for the benefit of long-term residence and work rights. Some of their mixed offspring stay in Japan while other's to Russia.Crossing National Borders: Human Migration Issues in Northeast Asia, edited by Tsuneo Akaha, Anna Vassilieva To prevent venereal diseases and rape by Japanese soldiers and to provide comfort to soldiers and head off espionage, the Imperial Japanese Army established "comfort stations" in the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere where around 200,000 women, mostly from Korea and China, were recruited or kidnapped by the Kempeitai or the Tokeitai as comfort women.Yuki Tanaka, Hidden Horrors, Japanese War Crimes in World War II, 1996, pp. 94–98.
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View on the boardwalk, looking west at Luna Park Further work was undertaken on the boardwalk in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. This included the replacement of the original street lights with replicas in the 1960s, as well as the replacement of benches, drinking fountains, pavilions, and comfort stations. Concrete and brick lifeguard towers were erected in the 1970s. By the 1960s, Coney Island was in decline due to increased crime, insufficient parking facilities, bad weather, and the post-World War II automotive boom. This culminated in the last of the three big amusement parks, Steeplechase Park, being sold off in 1965. A newspaper article noted in 1961 that between 5,000 and 10,000 people slept on the beach every night, and that the boardwalk was a common place for purse snatchings and muggings.
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"However, the second night's programming on January 30 was heavily censored through deletion, interpolations, alterations, dismemberment and even fabrication. This segment was originally supposed to cover the 'Women's International War Crimes Tribunal on Japan's Military Sexual Slavery' that had been held in Tokyo in December 2000.", . In 2014, the new president of NHK compared the wartime Japanese comfort women program to Asian brothels frequented by American troops, which western historians countered by pointing out the difference between the Japanese comfort stations, which forced women to have sex with Japanese troops, and Asian brothels, where women chose to be prostitutes for American troops. In publications around 2007, Japanese historian and Nihon University professor Ikuhiko Hata estimates the number of comfort women to have been more likely between 10,000 and 20,000.
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It also provided public "comfort stations" (bathrooms), public laundries, and in a tenement section of the city, a Food Supply Store which sold good quality food at cost. The department also performed the groundwork which led to the establishment and funding of community health centers, including the Mulberry Street, Columbus Hill and Judson Health Centers, all in New York City (1918–1921)."Confidential Memorandum on the Work of the Department of Social Welfare" 1916 John A. Kingsbury Papers, Library of Congress I-1; Kingsbury to Albert Milbank, Feb. 13, 1919 JAKP, II-38 In 1916 Anderson gave $100,000 to Lillian Wald's Henry Street Settlement and joined its board of directors,New York Times May 25, 1916 and separately became the lead donor to the city's Department of Public Charities' Children's Home Bureau, which outplaced orphans from institutions to families.
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Kim Bok-dong (19 April 1926 – 28 January 2019) was among many young women forced into sexual slavery by the Japanese Imperial Army. She later became a Korean human rights activist who campaigned against sexual slavery and war rape. She was one of many young women who were forced into sexual slavery by the Japanese military; a military that systematically recruited girls between the ages of 10 to 18 years of age from colonized and occupied countries from the 1930s until the end of World War II. From age 14, she was imprisoned in comfort stations for eight years across different countries in Asia. Her experiences evoked in her a feminist consciousness and led her to become a strong activist, advocating the end of war-time sexual violence, anti- imperialism, workers' rights, and inter-Korean reconciliation.
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" One piece was a notice written on 4 March 1938 by the adjutants to the Chiefs of Staff of the North China Army and Central China Expeditionary Army titled "Concerning the Recruitment of Women for Military Comfort Stations." The gist of the document is as below: "Many agents should have required special attention. Some of them accentuated the name of the armies as much as they might hurt the credibility of the armies and cause misunderstanding among the public, others recruited women without control through war correspondents or entertainers, and others selected the wrong agents who took a kidnapping approach to recruit women so that the police arrested them. In the future, the armies in the field should control recruiting and select the agencies circumspectly and properly, and should build up a closer connection with the local police and the local military police in the implementation of recruiting.
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Concerts were performed here prior to the opening of Riverport Amphitheatre in 1991. By the beginning of the 1921 season, the facility had a new permanent stage. Its base was concrete to prevent damage from floods, such as one that damaged the theater's equipment on opening night in 1919. Improvements for 1922 included a new pergola, 750 permanent opera chairs, 500 parking spaces for automobiles, and the addition of "comfort stations". Additions for 1923 included 1,800 permanent seats, an extra stage for rehearsals, and a sound amplifier to enable people in the back of the audience to hear as well as those in the front. On January 4, 1923, the Municipal Theater Association opened a free school for people who aspired to sing in the chorus for that summer's productions. Of 420 applicants, 239 had been accepted as of the class's beginning, with 45 remaining to be examined.
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As he is one of the pro-Chinese members of the LDP, he came under pressure domestically in the spring of 2005 when anti-Japanese movements in China became intense. Kōno is well known as a controversial figure within the comfort women debate, for the official statement he made in 1993, when he was Chief Cabinet Secretary. In his statement, made after historian Yoshiaki Yoshimi announced he had discovered in the Defense Agency library in Tokyo documentary evidence that the Imperial Japanese Army established and ran "comfort stations", he essentially admitted that the Japanese Imperial Army had been involved, directly and indirectly, in the establishment of comfort facilities, and that coercion had been used in the recruitment and retention of the women. His subsequent call for historical research and education aimed at remembering the issue became the basis for addressing the subject of forced prostitution in school history textbooks.
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According to China, the documents provide ironclad proof that the Japanese military forced Asian women to work in front-line brothels before and during World War II. In June 2014, more official documents were made public from the government of Japan's archives, documenting sexual violence and women forced into sexual slavery, committed by Imperial Japanese soldiers in French Indochina and Indonesia.Kimura, Kayoko, "Stance on ‘comfort women’ undermines fight to end wartime sexual violence ", Japan Times, March 5, 2014, p. 8 A 2015 study examined archival data which was previously difficult to access, partly due to the China-Japan Joint Communiqué of 1972 in which the Chinese government agreed not to seek any restitution for wartime crimes and incidents. New documents discovered in China shed light on facilities inside comfort stations operated within a Japanese army compound, and the conditions of the Korean comfort women.
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Testimonies by survivors of such assaults and massacres by South Korean troops include the rape of Vietnamese women.『ハンギョレ21』256号、1999年5月6日。 In a Japanese magazine article by a Tokyo Broadcasting System writer Noriyuki Yamaguchi alleged that facilities operated by comfort women were set up and operated by Korean forces during the war. The article said that in July 2014, Yamaguchi found a letter to Korean General Chae Myung-shin from the US military command in Saigon that appeared to have been written sometime from January 1969 to April 1969 . The article by Noriyuki Yamaguchi alleges that comfort stations were operated by South Koreans much in the same way that comfort women facilities were used by Japanese forces, and accused Park Geun- hye of hypocrisy for highlighting the human rights issues around comfort women while not paying attention to this fact.
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Other enticements were false advertising for nursing jobs at outposts or Japanese army bases; once recruited, they were incarcerated in comfort stations both inside their nations and abroad.Yoshimi, Yoshiaki (2000), Comfort Women. Sexual Slavery in the Japanese Military During World War II, Asia Perspectives, translation: Suzanne O'Brien, New York: Columbia University Press, "An estimated 200,000 to 300,000 women across Asia, predominantly Korean and Chinese, are believed to have been forced to work as sex slaves in Japanese military brothels", BBC 2000-12-08;"Historians say thousands of women; as many as 200,000 by some accounts; mostly from Korea, China and Japan worked in the Japanese military brothels", Irish Examiner 2007-03-08;AP 2007-03-07;CNN 2001-03-29. From the early nineties onward, former Korean comfort women have continued to protest against the Japanese government for apparent historical negationism of crimes committed by the Imperial Japanese Army, and have sought compensation for their sufferings during the war.
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Borneo natives, Malaysians, Chinese, Japanese, French, American, British and men from every race utilized the Japanese prostitutes of Sandakan. A Japanese woman named Osaki said that the men, Japanese, Chinese, whites, and natives, were dealt with alike by the prostitutes regardless of race, and that a Japanese prostitute's "most disgusting customers" were Japanese men, while they used "kind enough" to describe Chinese men, and the English and Americans were the second best clients, while the native men were the best and fastest to have sex with. During World War II, Empire of Japan organised a governmental system of "comfort women", which is a euphemism of military sex slaves for the estimated 200,000, mostly Korean, Chinese, and Filipino women who were forced into sexual slavery in Japanese military "comfort stations" during World War II. Japan collected, carried, and confined Asian ladies coercively and collusively to have sexual intercourse with Japan's soldiers during their invasions across East Asia and Southeast Asia. Some Korean women claim that these cases should be judged by an international tribunal as child sex violence.
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The camp had a temporary U. S. Post Office; 90 Pennsylvania Health Department latrines throughout the camp with a seating capacity of 3,476; and near the Great Tent, an Emergency Station and 2 Comfort Houses of the health dept, which also supplied the Great Tent water fountains. The Pennsylvania commission also set up a temporary morgue in the camp. A special platform on the Round Top Branch was built for veterans to disembark from steamtrains directly into the camp (in February, trolleys of the Gettysburg Electric Railway had been prohibited from using the branch). After the state health department's Chief Engineer had estimated Gettysburg (pop. 4,500) would be inundated with 100,000 people, the borough agreed to the Commissioner of Health's request for his department to take over medical and sanitation efforts in the area from June 25-July 25. The department set up a field hospital at the Kurtz property facing Brickyard Lane on the north foot of East Cemetery Hill, as well as 6 Comfort Stations in the borough (1 at each railroad station), with a total of ~100 hoppers.
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Prostitution in Japan was well-organized, and the Japanese government and military developed a similar program to provide sexual services to Japanese Armed Forces.. Military correspondence within the Imperial Japanese Army shows that there were a number of the aims for facilitating comfort stations: to reduce or prevent rape crimes by Japanese army personnel in an effort to prevent a worsening of anti-Japanese sentiment, to reduce venereal diseases among Japanese troops, and to prevent leakage of military secrets by civilians who were in contact with Japanese officers. Carmen Argibay, a former member of the Argentine Supreme Court of Justice, states that the Japanese government aimed to prevent atrocities like the Rape of Nanking by confining rape and sexual abuse to military-controlled facilities, or stop incidents from leaking to the international press should they occur. She also states that the government wanted to minimize medical expenses on treating venereal diseases that the soldiers acquired from frequent and widespread rape, which hindered Japan's military capacity. Furthermore, Yuki Tanaka suggests that local brothels outside of the military's reach had issues of security since there were possibilities of spies disguised as workers of such private facilities.
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The city restored some of the sand and added snow fence to prevent the sand from blowing back out. New modular comfort stations and lifeguard booths were also installed along the length of the park starting in 2013. By that September, the city estimated that a reconstruction of the beach and boardwalk would cost $200 million. The rebuilding, overseen by CH2M Hill, would entail the replacement of the entire boardwalk as well as the addition of of railings. The boardwalk project, to cost $274 million, was divided into five phases from west to east, the first of which was to begin in early 2014. The section between Beach 35th and 39th Streets was initially rebuilt in wood to match the undamaged portions on either side, but ultimately, the entire boardwalk was to be permanently rebuilt in concrete. Many sections of the boardwalk would be raised to an elevation above 100-year flood levels, requiring the reconstruction of the relatively undamaged sections as well. Skanska was hired as the major contractor for the boardwalk project. Construction was funded by a $480 million grant that the Federal Emergency Management Agency distributed to New York City's government in 2015.
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The city Parks Department under Mayor Bloomberg had previously announced a number of proposals that would have limited public access to the site and installed sports facilities and comfort stations in two of the reservoir's three basins.La Guerre, L. (July 2, 2013). La Guerra, L. (October 15, 2013). However, in response to strong local opposition and a petition garnering over 1,000 signatures, Crowley joined with fellow elected officials in writing to New York Governor Andrew Cuomo to oppose the city's plan.Kern-Jedrychowska, E. (September 8, 2014). Crowley subsequently secured Council funding towards a $7 million renovation that preserved the site as a nature area, while installing new fencing and lighting, and repaving walkways. In November 2016, Crowley presided over a ceremony to official inaugurate the Central Ridgewood Historic District, a 40-block area including nearly 1,000 historic homes and buildings. At the time of its designation, Central Ridgewood is the largest historic district in the borough of Queens, and the third largest in the city after Manhattan's Greenwich Village and Brooklyn's Sunset Park.Barca, C. (November 10, 2016). Neir's Tavern (1898) Starting in 2015, Crowley joined preservationists and local residents in mounting a campaign to landmark historic Neir's Tavern in Woodhaven.
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