But of course, the British are the great paradigmatic colonizers.
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"Sure, we did a lot against the colonizers," he said.
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Over time, the native population absorbed many of the colonizers' customs.
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When British colonizers arrived in India, that acceptance of homosexuality eroded.
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Like many other colonizers, the pink's progeny established themselves and thrived.
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Killmonger believes that justice means colonizing the colonizers and oppressing the oppressors.
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Haiti originally paid French colonizers for lost plantations, reports the Washington Post.
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The English colonizers make their appearance in the frescos as awkward figures.
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The combatants were beavers, indigenous trappers, European colonizers, and the merciless environment.
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White-throated rails are island colonizers that migrated from Madagascar in all directions.
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Colonizers reframe the oppressed culture's history and make their [own] conquests romantic, seductive.
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The surface was not yet hospitable for slower colonizers like sponges and anemones.
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It's long been known that lichens were among the earliest colonizers of land.
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"What fractured these indigenous cultures is the encounter with the colonizers," she said.
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Every English effort before 1620 had produced accounts useful to would-be colonizers.
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But I also understood that independence meant that the effects of the colonizers, in addition to the colony's undoing, shaped the country my parents call home — a country which no longer resembled the place where the colonizers had arrived centuries earlier.
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The colonizers took in Native children and taught them the old ways were wrong.
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The American Indian Religious Freedom Act was drafted with the colonizers' history in mind.
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Street signs and other memorials honoring German colonizers still remain scattered throughout the country.
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Maybe one of the other colonizers would figure out how to fashion an instrument.
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This almost psychoanalytic approach underplays complex power dynamics between the colonizers and the colonized.
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"The situation was no longer British colonizers helping themselves to your country," he writes.
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Unlike most developed nations, Australia's colonizers never signed a treaty with the native Aboriginal population.
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It was not ancient India that proscribed homosexuality; the English colonizers gave India the law.
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From the 16th-century Portuguese colonizers: the New World's glory of chiles, potatoes and tomatoes.
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Still others channeled the oppression of the colonizers and issues of slavery and African identity.
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The DRC is not the first African nation to request restitution from its former colonizers.
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Aside from a nation of serial colonizers and Catholicism-imposers with a wildly overrated cuisine?
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The migrants of the post-colonial era have been and still are exchanging inherited ways of eking out existence, now destroyed by the triumphant modernization promoted by their former colonizers, for the chance of building a nest in the gaps of those colonizers' domestic economies.
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From the colonizers, we learned that the farther we go, the more extreme the weather gets.
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Trump and Pence want ordinary Americans with modest training going into space as pioneers and colonizers.
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Dutch and Swedish colonizers moved to the area to use the cedar and oak for shipbuilding.
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How rival colonizers spread across the continent and set patterns that influence modern politics and culture.
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"Kanata" was supposed to delve into the troubled relationship between Canada's Indigenous people and their colonizers.
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We have an oral history that was not written by us, but by our British colonizers.
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Colonies are designed to build wealth for the colonizers while maintaining the colonial order among the colonized.
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This is Native land, it seems to say, and yet here the colonizers are all the same.
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Beneath that, though, the game tells a powerful story about a struggling group fighting off oppressive colonizers.
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The new concern is what sort of state future colonizers will be in once they land. [Phys]
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What it represents was the center of Native life before the contact [with Spanish and European colonizers].
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Researchers say European colonizers killed so many Native Americans that it changed the global climate, CNN reports.
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While the colonizers started this cultural genocide, the American government they formed continued and expedited the process.
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World War II was all but over, and the French colonizers and their Japanese backers ostensibly vanquished.
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Through multi-sensorial installations, Michelson holds genocidal colonizers accountable and affirms the continued survival of Indigenous people.
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He has reinforced the stereotype of all missionaries as brash young colonizers trying to tame "primitive" tribes.
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But how far will we get if the space-making rests in the hands of the colonizers?
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These "sacrifice zones" are the same place from which colonizers enslaved, exploited, and subjugated native and indigenous populations.
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Around the seventh century B.C., Greek colonizers moved into old Thracian settlements on the western Black Sea coast.
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The English inhabitants are illiterate savages who cower as colonizers from Africa motor up and down the Thames.
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Through multi-sensorial installations, Alan Michelson holds genocidal colonizers accountable and affirms the continued survival of Indigenous people.
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What becomes clear is the two-way effect of Anthropophagia: The colonizers cannibalized, but so did indigenous peoples.
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White colonizers have long since left these shores, but isn't it remarkable how their influence never seems to wane?
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These maps illustrate the amalgamation of visual traditions during the early years of contact between Indigenous groups and colonizers.
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An estimated 90 percent of Native Americans died from disease and warfare when white colonizers spread across the continent.
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It is said to symbolize the unity of the nation's people of color, and rejection of its white colonizers.
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Yet I also saw the country's First Nations people scarred by the images that white colonizers thrust upon them.
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From colonial conquest through apartheid, white colonizers seized African lands and forced the majority black population into segregated townships.
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Like Pocahontas and Sacagawea, the other famous Indians of American history, they help the colonizers and then move offstage.
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German colonizers retaliated against a Herero uprising, and used torture and extermination tactics that were later employed by the Nazis.
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Though early colonizers would presumably undergo intense psychological screening, the pressures of isolation in a high-risk environment are daunting.
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Based on Musk's comments, it sounds like SpaceX intends to send colonizers to a permanent city on the Red Planet.
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The origins of the game were in England with the game of rounders, imported to North America by British colonizers.
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The destruction was meted out as punishment for Oba Ovonramwen's defiance, as he insisted on charging the colonizers custom duties.
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The Nazi vision of global expansion and domination was inspired in part by the efforts of German colonizers, historians said.
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His ship would be the second to depart for the planet, and it would transport five hundred and twelve colonizers.
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These maps illustrate the amalgamation of visual, aesthetic traditions during the early years of contact between Indigenous groups and colonizers.
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Far be it from me, a Nigerian, to demand a rule change that might come to favor my former colonizers.
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Harding vividly describes prewar Mogadishu, a city permeated by an Italian flavor long after these colonizers pulled out in 1960.
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Large carnivores like wolves, essential actors in a balanced ecosystem, have long suffered at the hands of trigger-happy colonizers.
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An apartheid state legally and institutionally privileging the colonizers in historic Palestine defies international law, ethical principles and common sense.
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The Asian Civilisations Museum's latest exhibition is a toothless interrogation of Sir Stamford Raffles, one of Southeast Asia's most notorious colonizers.
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Once they strip their victims of everything else, it's easy, it seems, for colonizers to take what they'd like from them.
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Lindsay likely intended it as representative of Australia's historical tensions, with British colonizers whitewashed aboriginal peoples and culture to near extinction.
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But Spanish colonizers and their Mexican successors wanted to preserve Indians as mission inmates or as cheap and dependent farm labor.
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"This aggression and crimes confirms for us that there is no solution with the colonizers without fighting and struggling," it said.
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Since the colonizers washed up on our shores, the Lumbee have been relegated to the back of the minds of politicians.
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Some Native Americans also chafe at the gains some Hispanics here have sought by prioritizing their ancestral ties to European colonizers.
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It's a passage about how colonizers (like the French in Senegal), in thinking of the colonized as beasts, become beasts themselves.
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Her designs feature what she calls "plants of resistance," appropriating the aesthetic that early colonizers created through exoticizing botanical catalogue illustrations.
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In the 2040s, members of the Robinson family join a group of colonizers and become lost en route to their destination.
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In Nigeria, the largest former British colony in West Africa, Pidgin thrived as more and more people interacted with the colonizers.
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The artist John Criscitello protested the gentrification of Capitol Hill, Seattle's gayborhood, with a series of compelling posters decrying Amazon's brogrammer colonizers.
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Its origins date back to the mid-18th century, when the Garifuna on the Caribbean island of St. Vincent repelled British colonizers.
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As a result, Chile joined the two-year war, and the South American countries fought together to fend off their former colonizers.
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These motivations sound awfully similar to those that attracted college students, Facebook's first colonizers, to the platform — save for one key detail.
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Dogs were branded as political enemies in the 1940s for revealing the movements of Communist fighters who resisted Japanese colonizers by nightfall.
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The work's critics argue not only that it depicts history from the colonizers' perspective but also that such violent images are triggering.
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African slaves, primarily from West Africa, were brought to Cuba by Spanish colonizers from the 523s to work on the sugar plantations.
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Then, the human colonizers from the far-off continent Mesogea came and mined their land for resources, because of course they did.
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The plot pivots gracefully from accounts of the region's early white colonizers and despoilers through the worst years of the AIDS crisis.
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Like slave-holding French colonizers, American slave owners received $300 per freed slave after Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation in 1862.
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The symposium took place in the Armory's "historic rooms", where portraits of some of America's colonizers hang, looming over the speakers and attendees.
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Indians still cherish and celebrate the freedom that they gained from their British colonizers in 1947—who had tried to impose Victorian values.
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Many Native Americans have concerns about genetic testing and don't participate in databases, given the long history of white colonizers exploiting their people.
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The colonizers and their dreams are as sinister as they are romantic, satisfying both a greed and a perverse need in their hearts.
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The railway was built by French colonizers to link the port city of Abidjan with Niamey, Niger, via the Burkina Faso capital, Ouagadougou.
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"Elizabethkingia are bacteria that are rarely reported to cause illness in humans, and are uncommon colonizers of the respiratory tract," the statement said.
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She argues that British colonizers saw their North American empire as a place to dump their human waste: the idle, indigent and criminal.
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The law, known as Section 259, was introduced in the 1860s by British colonizers who made it a part of India's Penal Code.
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From 1884 to 1918, colonizers killed tens of thousands of Namibians in concentration camps, as well as over 100,000 East African resistance fighters.
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After centuries of wear and generations of aquatic colonizers, masts and planking can disintegrate into mounds of debris and layers of seabed ooze.
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"We've heard lots and lots of nice words from the colonizers over the millennia that have proven to be hollow," said one man.
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When they arrived in what they called the Americas, colonizers sought a "city upon a hill"—that is, an example of religious purity.
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But once the war ended, locals showed the British where she was buried and helped the new colonizers bring her back to life.
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It should not be overlooked that the blanket, in general, was an object weaponized by colonizers who used them as vehicles for spreading disease.
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But white Americans rationalized the slaughter of native people who they saw as lesser -- as "savages" not quite as human as the colonizers themselves.
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Wakanda hiding its technological power and allowing "colonizers" to believe the fictional country was third world is the ultimate analogy for the black experience.
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When these colonizers came across indigenous people eating insects, they were horrified — and this reaction appears to have been passed down through the generations.
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There are about 700,000 Aborigines in a population of 23 million in Australia, whose descendants date back about 50,000 years before British colonizers arrived.
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The Mexican "national identity" itself is a fusion of pre-Columbian indigeneity with the complex history of colonization and the cultures of its colonizers.
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To their surprise, the radiocarbon dating found that Kaakutja lived between 1260 and 1280, about 500 years before British colonizers first arrived in Australia.
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The law is known as Section 377, and was introduced by British colonizers in the 1860s, who made it part the Indian Penal Code.
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German colonizers killed tens of thousands during their reign over all or part of modern-day Ghana, Togo, Cameroon, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania and Namibia.
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Milk for mass consumption arrived with British colonizers, who took their addiction to milky tea and creamy custards to Hong Kong, Malaysia and Singapore.
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Seeking to eschew the path the colonizers were trying to force them down, the original Occupiers hoped to highlight the longstanding culture of mistreatment.
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European colonizers transported an estimated 183 million Africans across the Atlantic Ocean between 1525 and 1866, according to the trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database.
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We see this in the arrival of European colonizers to the Americas, where the land, water and other natural resources were stolen and abused.
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Those of us who were taught stories of heroic colonizers and conquered frontiers in North America may think our forefathers defined the New World.
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The Wanaragua Association of Los Angeles will perform the masquerade dance that dates back to the mid-18th century, when the Garifuna repelled British colonizers.
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One of the oldest civilizations in the world, the Australian Aboriginals lived in the country for tens of thousands of years before British colonizers arrived.
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Religious conservatives, like the secular elites, see blacks as victims of injustices perpetrated by white colonizers, but for them redress can only come through Allah.
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Brazen colonizers will almost certainly have to produce their own food, and perhaps make use of Martian soils and minerals to get that job done.
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It elides numerous divides: city and countryside, aristocrats and laborers, colonizers and colonized — "fancy Asian" and "jungle Asian," as the comedian Ali Wong puts it.
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Colonizers often depended upon indigenous people for food, but, in order to justify their occupation, they portrayed native peoples as poor custodians of the land.
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I also think we're a nation of white settler colonizers who entirely fail to grapple with what that means historically and currently, so fuck homeownership anyway.
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We're actually genuinely surprised that wars against Iraq, created by Western colonizers, have ultimately helped incubate a global terrorist movement that has aspirations of imperial conquest.
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The Philippine system of government, inherited from our American colonizers, is unique, with its raucous collection of political parties based not on ideology but on personality.
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He has the colonial's stubborn appreciation for the colonizer, which sometimes led him to the problematic, ahistorical view that colonizers gifted their subjects a cultural memory.
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The historical relationship between African artists and Western colonizers, collectors and tourists comes up in an installation by Brendan Fernandes called "Neo Primitivism 2" (2007–14).
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When European colonizers brought smallpox to the Americas in the 17th century, it became an epidemic, killing three out of every 10 people who got it.
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We should celebrate people like Pablo Montoya and Tomas Romero, two figures who aligned themselves with Chicanx people and Pueblo people to resist invading Anglo colonizers.
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In Nairobi, Léki Dago focused his camera on matabi, the corrugated sheets of metal that were brought to Kenya by British colonizers to construct temporary structures.
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I'm not doing it to get rich, I'm doing it because it's a part of our culture that was shamed away from us by our colonizers.
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But as is common elsewhere as well, the tongue has fallen into obscurity as generations of Māori have assimilated into the dominant culture of their colonizers.
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In recent years, scientists have accumulated a wealth of evidence demonstrating that the Amazon was shaped by people long before European colonizers set foot in it.
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"We are a people" seems to be what we have been saying for generations to all our colonizers and invaders who seemed intent on destroying us.
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The name was bestowed by Spanish colonizers, referring to the use of vinegar and seasonings to preserve meat, but the stew existed long before their arrival.
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"Latin History" is, most obviously, a forum for its creator to share his delightfully reprocessed research into the history of indigenous Americans and their European colonizers.
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Coogler and Joe Robert Cole, who co-wrote the script, turn an age-old narrative on its head via Killmonger's revisionist fury: The colonized as the colonizers.
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Cuzco was the capital of the ancient Inca Empire, and from the 16th to 18th centuries it became an epicenter for Catholic-themed art under Spanish colonizers.
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Now a deserted nature reserve, Mona Island's cave galleries are an early example of how the tensions between colonizers and the colonized play out in visual art.
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The rocket that's going to take Musk's colonizers to Mars (code named the "BFR " – no prizes for guessing what that stands for) hasn't even been built yet.
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In the song "Presbyteria", for instance, I try to talk about how British colonizers forced a religion upon South Africa that didn't go along with our culture.
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The paucity of historical evidence and the eradication of native peoples' culture by European colonizers make it difficult to reconstruct precontact indigenous life in all its detail.
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But if colonizers need to emerge from the colonial past with honor, the decolonized must get beyond the past, and take responsibility for their present, with sincerity.
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In the case of India, the original British law had remained in place more or less unchanged since it was introduced by British colonizers in the 1860s.
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Pidgin helps bring together, at least linguistically, large parts of a continent carved up by European colonizers who were later replaced, in many cases, by corrupt leaders.
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But the Chinese presence and investment have not improved the economic conditions of the Baloch people, who have come to see the Chinese as the new colonizers.
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But the history of this paradise is marred by the brutal conquest, enslavement and treatment of its indigenous people by European colonizers beginning around the 15th century.
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Displayed among lithographs, illustrations, and oil paintings is an intriguing set of photographs showing how the colonizers viewed their subjects, contrasted against how the natives viewed themselves.
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Not long after, in 1722, the island was beset upon by an influx of European colonizers which contributed to the devastation of its indigenous population and unique structures.
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Giving indigenous material such visibility is significant, particularly at the Newberry, where the majority of Native-related material in its collection was produced by settler-colonizers or Europeans.
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This time around, a cast of interstellar colonizers led by Katherine Waterston and Billy Crudup find themselves detouring to an uncharted planet after they intercept a mysterious signal.
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The final two galleries present drawings, paintings, sculptures and other works that span the 17th through 20th centuries, by British colonizers, imperial subjects, and post-imperial British artists.
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European colonizers, the early adapters of white supremacy, plundered land in Africa and the Americas, using it as an unwilling backdrop to incredible physical, psychological, and spiritual devastation.
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Mr. Abbas said Pakistan's water shortages stemmed from the outdated irrigation system left over from the British colonizers, which in many areas is more than 100 years old.
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Eighteenth-century British colonizers created the myth of the "terra nullius," the empty land, to deny the presence of people who had inhabited it for some 65,000 years.
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Colonization also created arbitrary divisions of western scientific rationale, logic and technology versus eastern superstition and magic, which further devalued any genuine scientific knowledge present before the colonizers arrived.
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Arguing that aliens brought magnificent structures to many African civilizations erases accomplishments, but so does arguing that colonizers brought gifts (rather than imposed obligations) upon the nations they colonized.
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The truth of Thanksgiving is disputed, but we do know the way it came to be is certainly more complex than a peaceful dinner between colonizers and the colonized.
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How does the basic concept of "justice" even hold water in an apartheid state, one in which the colonized are expected to play by the rules of the colonizers?
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But it's not new: Before colonizers landed on the East Coast, Native nations had long treasured and protected the waterways, natural resources, and beings they shared the land with.
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Red paint was splashed onto the statue in San Francisco on Saturday night, with graffiti that read: "Destroy all monuments of genocide and kill all colonizers," CNN reported. Sgt.
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Further, as descendants of these colonizers steer our species to a disastrous future, Michelson offers Indigenous perspectives as an antidote to such abuse of the planet and its inhabitants.
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The plot pivots gracefully — this is a supremely confident literary performance — from accounts of the region's early white colonizers and despoilers through the worst years of the AIDS crisis.
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Advertise on Hyperallergic with Nectar Ads We Americans tend to view our history in black and white — understandably, because our country was founded by European colonizers who enslaved Africans.
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One theory is that the early Polynesian colonizers of Rapa Nui reached southern Chile by boat in the pre-Hispanic period, bringing the curanto tradition to their eventual homeland.
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While coffee and organized sports are just memories, the Department of Homeland Security is still around, now the combined military and police apparatus of the colonizers, whoever they may be.
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West African spiritual traditions, labeled witchcraft by European colonizers, played pivotal roles in Denmark Vesey's foiled 1822 slave rebellion in South Carolina, in the Haitian Revolution, and in Cartagena itself.
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Advertise on Hyperallergic with Nectar Ads Since Europeans first made contact with the Americas five centuries ago, depictions of indigenous peoples have largely been created by and for the colonizers.
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When Arendt writes about the murder of millions in the Congo Free State by colonizers in the late nineteenth century, she quotes Conrad's Heart of Darkness to describe their thinking.
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Mr. Browne said publicly at a symposium last month that reparations from European countries were the best way for the colonizers to make amends for the wrongs they had committed.
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Because New York's premier scientific museum continues to honor the bogus racial classification that assigned colonized peoples to the domain of Nature and the colonizers to the realm of Culture.
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Throughout Pakistan's history, dissent and free speech have been muzzled by a state that inherited a repressive legal framework from the British colonizers who ruled the Indian subcontinent until 1947.
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Growing up, we learned that the Qing government was so weak that it signed many unfair treaties with the Western and Japanese colonizers over the course of the 19th century.
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The colonizers and their courts considered Australia "terra nullius" or "land belonging to nobody," a legal fiction used to justify the theft of Aboriginal land over the next two centuries.
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But the Panthers showed, and Mafia 3 reflects, that it is possible to wrest the fantasy of empowerment and the righteous myths away from the colonizers who captured this land.
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In contrast, Lorraine's play puts the colonizers on trial, as it were, and issues them a death sentence for the cause of emancipation, even those for whom the Africans feel affection.
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These distinctions have enabled the country's inhabitants to hide in plain sight for thousands of years, thus sparing them the trauma inflicted on the rest of the continent by European colonizers.
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This is Falcon Age at its strongest, in which it illustrates the very real ways colonizers chip away at the traditions and values within the colonized's culture—beginning with a name.
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Carnival was originally brought by Portuguese colonizers in the 16th century, and has since become a blend of all the cultures that make up contemporary Brazil, including traditions from West Africa.
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I think that it's imperative for people to recognize that the first thing colonizers do is reduce our land to an inanimate being: incapable of feeling, fighting, or resisting their aggression.
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Enter indigenous spaces with the awareness that your ancestors, be they colonizers or settler-colonialists, are in some way responsible for the state of affairs Natives find themselves in at present.
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In the twentieth-century version, federal boarding schools, often tied to religious institutions, snapped up Native kids, not unlike the British colonizers did, indoctrinating them with their purportedly superior American ideals.
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Since classes are constituted by relations of exploitation, we think of ourselves first as workers or bosses in conflict, and women and men in conflict, and colonizers and colonized in conflict.
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Debates, publications, and public or private initiatives have surfaced in support of Africa's campaign to access its cultural heritage, most of which sits in the museums of its former European colonizers.
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I don't really want to pay to see my country's former colonizers' lavish lives (okay, maybe I do, just a bit) but we decide to admire the architecture from the outside.
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In 1818, members of the Mahar community, who would have been considered Dalits, joined British colonizers there to fight off other Indians who were trying to get rid of the British.
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In its languid freneticism, and the repetition of drumbeats guiding it all, the performance resembled, in spirit, the Lakota Ghost Dance, a prayer to revive ancestors and cleanse the land of colonizers.
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Nineteenth-century French colonial cities separated the colonizers from the colonized with a de-urbanized zone they called a cordon sanitaire because it was nominally there to prevent the spread of malaria.
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Wether it was Native Americans or slaves from both Africa and the Caribbean, accusations of voodoo and witchcraft allowed colonizers to further dehumanize the people they tortured, killed, and abused with impunity.
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The NRO asks us not to compromise, to take anything we want — yet, they also demand colonizers abandon modern settlements, evacuate indigenous lands, and restore the world to its pre-colonial condition.
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"God forbid, the government tries to take us over, and we can't defend ourselves because we don't have no weapons," she said, adding that that's how "American colonizers" defeated Africans with guns.
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Maps drawn by Indigenous artists at the behest of the Spanish in the 210th century illustrate the amalgamation of visual traditions during the early years of contact between Indigenous groups and colonizers.
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Berlin officials agreed a couple of months ago to rename Petersallee and two other streets honoring German colonizers, much to the delight of activists who have spent years lobbying for the changes.
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Spanish colonizers used it to put down uprisings in the late 22000s; Ferdinand Marcos, the dictator who ruled the country for two decades, used it to instill fear, sometimes by broadcasting executions.
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Likewise, Thanksgiving wasn't always about joyful communion between English colonizers and Native Americans — a joyful communion that is about as steeped in facts as a bearded man delivering presents via a chimney.
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To say, as progressives sometimes do, that Jews are "colonizers" in Israel is anti-Semitic because it advances the lie that there is no ancestral or historic Jewish tie to the land.
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For Dominicans, this whitewashing is due to the anti-blackness that has been an entrenched part of the country — and most countries in Latin America — since European colonizers brought slavery to the Americas.
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Brazil's indigenous tribes have flocked to the frontlines, trying to put out fires and protect the forest that has been their home for centuries, and which they managed long before colonizers took over.
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Which is doubly frustrating because to see a game be so forward facing from the start about telling a story of colonizers and colonized, specifically from the perspective of the colonized, is important.
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He wrote of the arrogance and self-aggrandizement of the colonizers, yet exposed the self-deception and ethical ambiguities of the liberation movements that swept across Africa and the Caribbean in their wake.
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He found one ancestor who was probably Ojibwe, from lands around the Great Lakes, roughly a thousand miles away, and another of Greek origin among the early colonizers claiming New Mexico for Spain.
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When European colonizers first arrived, as many as 5 billion of the gray-backed, copper-breasted and iridescent beauties roamed the continent, possibly the most abundant bird to have ever graced the planet.
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Their idiosyncratic lives transpire against the backdrop of the great Asante empire, which dominated the Gold Coast for two centuries, a reign punctuated by bloody clashes with neighboring peoples and the British colonizers.
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Western countries, including Africa's former colonizers, for decades have used hefty aid packages to leverage trade and security deals, but Chinese-financed projects have brought huge infrastructural development in less than a generation.
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He doesn't want to blow up the planet, he wants violent restitution for the suffering and oppression inflicted on those who share his skin color; oppress the oppressors, and colonize and colonizers, Killmonger believes.
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The artist reminded us that while her performance came two weeks after the attacks in Charlottesville, it also coincided with the 226th anniversary of the Haitian revolution, when enslaved Haitians successfully ousted French colonizers.
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In the past decades, some Latin American governments have made efforts to preserve indigenous languages from a decline that has been in process since the arrival of Spanish and Portuguese colonizers five centuries ago.
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For years now, the people of Hong Kong have been fighting to preserve the political legacy left to them by British colonizers, while rejecting what the Chinese Communist Party wants to replace it with.
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While there's no harm in taking the time to be grateful for your loved ones, here's what you can do instead of extending that thanks to pilgrims, the Founding Fathers, or any other colonizers.
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"Today we Hong Kongers stand in opposition to our enemies, these Chinese colonizers and their puppets in the current Hong Kong government, and it is this antagonism that defines our movement," the group said.
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To the colonizers, who spread more slowly than the diseases they brought, these were largely invisible deaths, which helped create the pernicious myth of an empty continent and a Manifest Destiny to fill it.
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Consider Gandhi's 24-day march from an ashram near Ahmedabad to the coastal town of Dandi to harvest sea salt in an act of nonviolent resistance against the salt monopoly imposed by India's British colonizers.
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In so doing, they are effectively arguing that migrants represent a pristine opportunity for citizens to transform the legacy of imperial violence into a different contract between descendants of the colonized and of the colonizers.
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After the ceremony started, a mob brandishing saffron flags, a political symbol representing Hinduism, attacked the Dalits, according to news reports, apparently objecting to the ceremony because it commemorated a battle won by British colonizers.
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After the Spanish and the French — Morocco's two colonizers — launched a brutal attack on the region, bombing, gassing and burning villages to the ground, Khattabi was defeated and ended his days in exile in Cairo.
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Kopi luwak, according to the most commonly repeated history, was born out of necessity in the 1700s when Dutch colonizers forbid locals on the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra to consume their own cash crop.
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One could argue that the painters were merely recording what they saw, but as one often finds in the art made under oppression, the painters and their patrons were likely proclaiming their views of the colonizers.
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Indeed, Vodou spirits inspired the revolution against Haiti's French colonizers more than 200 years ago that established Haiti as the second independent nation in the Americas after the United States -- and the first to abolish slavery.
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Take Lynn Rothschild, an astrobiologist and evolutionary biologist based at NASA's Ames Research Center, who is developing "urban biomining," a technique in which modified microbes are used to extract materials that could support future Martian colonizers.
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The mass deaths of Indigenous American peoples 500 years ago—caused by disease and violence spread by European colonizers—was so extreme that it cooled Earth's climate, according to a new study in Quaternary Science Reviews.
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"Those bells are reminders of the gallantry and heroism of our forbearers who resisted the American colonizers and sacrificed their lives in the process," Mr. Duterte said in his State of the Nation address last year.
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From the music of Split Enz to Eleanor Catton's novel "The Luminaries," stories of colonizers who crossed perilous seas to carve out a facsimile of an old society in a strange land are more than familiar.
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The history of our country has always been taught from the perspective of the colonizers, but this book sets out to present the untold stories of the victims of colonization; it is the oppressed people's history.
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But what made India stand out from most — at least until Thursday — was its application of an anachronistic law drawn up by British colonizers during the Victorian era and kept on the books for 150 years.
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German colonizers took skulls and human remains from Africa back to Germany for research, using a junk science that claims to be able to judge personality, intelligence and other characteristics by the shape of one's skull.
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Mr. Ghars described how Mr. Bourguiba had betrayed thousands of his fellow pro-independence fighters when he accepted an interim deal with the French government that allowed the colonizers' security forces to continue controlling the country.
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If the lens of history is widened, it becomes clear that the current paradigm of the Jewish people as settlers and colonizers and the Palestinians as native to the territory is the opposite of the truth.
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It's also a good time to stop and reflect on the fact that white colonizers did not "discover" the United States; they stole it from the people who were already living here (and continue to do so).
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Trinidadian independent researcher Michele Reis said the country has "systematically failed to have an adequate migration policy", despite its multi-cultural demographics reflecting historic waves of newcomers, from European colonizers to enslaved Africans and indentured Indian labor.
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This type of plantation system took hold throughout Congo at the time, yielding a solid infrastructure of wealth for colonizers that has supported the highest levels of Western culture, financing much of the modern fine art world.
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You can read these stories set in past versions of the future and notice parallels between the way some of these books talked about aliens and the way that colonizers at that time would talk about Africans.
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Commercial and cultural travel throughout Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone — across borders drawn a century and a half ago by colonizers with little regard for traditional tribal boundaries — is far more common than it is in Congo.
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Advertise on Hyperallergic with Nectar Ads In the subterranean network of caves on Mona Island, 41 miles west of Puerto Rico, archaeologists have discovered a series of engravings by both indigenous people and the early European colonizers.
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Their history goes back thousands of years as the hunting grounds of Iroquoian and Algonquian people who occupied neighboring river valleys, and many of these people resettled in Adirondack mountain towns after being displaced by European colonizers.
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We like to teach one another that Thanksgiving is about a celebration of unity despite our differences, but in reality, Thanksgivings historically gave rise to more conflict and even violence committed against Native Americans by English colonizers.
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Neither demographic is particularly well represented in Mexican media, where celebrities tend to be lighter-skinned — descendants of the colonizers, not of those who were colonized — and more than 70 percent of indigenous people live in poverty.
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To the pilgrims visiting Kartarpur for the first time since partition, however, the corridor is an argument against nationalism — and proof that life on the other side of a border drawn by their colonizers isn't all that different.
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When European colonizers arrived in the 19th century, they documented the area's Indigenous inhabitants, but the collodion process served to erase prominent markings known as tā moko, a centuries-old form of tattooing performed by the Māori people.
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In Berlin's African Quarter, above, the names of streets honoring German colonizers will be renamed to honor Africans, and this year, Germany's federal governing coalition called for an examination of the country's colonial history for the first time.
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But negotiations with the African nation of Namibia and minorities affected by colonizers have lagged, prompting skepticism as to whether Germany, which has worked to confront its Nazi era, can come to terms with a different brutal chapter.
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Or when, in November, the Times flew a reporter up to Cape Dorse to write a strangely demeaning piece about how art had, in fact, not been the saving grace for the Inuit that the colonizers had promised.
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Unfortunately, today, in most people's view of the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians — a self-identity barely two generations old — the colonized have become the colonizers and the role of the native Jewish population turned upside down.
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"He's trying to reclaim the idea of self-love and self-determination in an African-centered ethos, during a time when a lot of African countries thought it better to imitate the West and their former colonizers," Narcisse said.
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By the time he's sitting on the throne and barking that "the sun will never set on the Wakandan empire," echoing the words of white colonizers throughout history, it's clear he's become the very monster he claims to hate.
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"First came the slave traders, then the colonizers carrying off rubber and diamonds, then the mercenaries of the Cold War years," Tom Burgis, the author of an authoritative study of Africa's exploitation, wrote in The Financial Times last year.
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Over the years, the cast of villains has included British colonizers with shaved heads and icy blue eyes; decadent feudal landlords; drug kingpins with amber-tinted sunglasses; corrupt politicians in starched white kurtas; and, naturally, terrorists of every stripe.
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But all the while, Johnny's younger sister Mari (Chelsea Rendon) is waging war on the "colonizers" taking over the neighborhood with furious vlogs and conspiratorial neighborhood meetings trying to guess which beloved local mainstay is going to fall next.
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The court ruled that Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, which had been introduced by British colonizers in the 1860s to prohibit sexual acts considered "against the order of nature," could no longer be applied to gay sex.
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The monuments to white generals, royals, and colonizers glorify a culture that considered itself superior to any other by effacing, silencing, and excluding the non-white people who lived in the same historical periods but experienced that time differently.
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The presence of Haitians and Dominicans of Haitian descent in the Dominican Republic has been a source of tension since the 22013th century when Haiti occupied the Dominican Republic, then helped the Dominican Republic overthrow Spanish colonizers in the 240s.
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With early European colonizers and Eurocentric museums rendering makers anonymous and relegating Native objects to ethnographic displays, objects by women have long been consigned to the lesser category of functional craft rather than the product of (largely female) skill and ingenuity.
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The PAIGC, of which Vaz is a member and whose original popularity comes from its role in defeating the Portuguese colonizers in a civil war that ended in 1974, is led by the current president's arch rival Domingos Simoes Pereira.
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While Mexico officially celebrates the idea of mestizaje — a new race formed from the union of the European colonizers and the indigenous peoples they conquered — modern Mexico has done little to right the wrongs inherited by the brutal history of conquest.
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The film considers colonialism and resource extraction, beginning with Tabu, a traditional shell money used in Papa New Guinea that European colonizers tried to forge, and connecting it to contemporary excavations of the rare earth minerals used in Euro banknotes and LCD screens.
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So the assertion of sharia law could be seen as part of an anti-colonial struggle—and the terror of sharia law could be seen as the typical colonial terror of having colonizers' own violence and domination come back to bite them.
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And when they come, they should be allowed to bring their families and stay — unlike the "guest workers" who were enticed to build up the postwar labor force of the colonizers and then asked to leave when their masters were done exploiting them.
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But as a striking sort of African-European hybrid, as prophets of a world where the colonized and the colonizers had no choice but to find a way to live together, the West's future may belong to them in some altogether unexpected way.
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And so, on the brink of starvation in the early winter of 1862, several hundred Sioux raided white towns and villages, looking for the rations that the government had stolen from them and that the colonizers had previously refused to trade with them.
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As an accompanying placard states, its richly-textured blues and greens reference reference her time in the Essex countryside; perhaps it also, more subtly, alludes to the influence of the Caribbean on the lives of the region's colonizers — the two forever intertwined.
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In his current exhibition The Chronicles of Resilience, curated by Leeza Ahmady, at the Tyler Rollins Gallery, New York, Harsono pays homage to the massacre of his own Chinese minority community between 216–49, prior to Indonesian independence from the Dutch colonizers in 1949.
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That he has manipulated the British and Portuguese flags into the shape of the African continent refers quite obviously to the influence of African culture on the rest of the world, that its own history is woven into the literal fabric of its colonizers.
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But the production of masks for popular consumption began long before that, when European colonizers began collecting tribal artifacts in the 19th century, and, in response, African craftsmen began to make works for the market that were separate from those created for their tribal ceremonies.
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As colonizers from Europe introduced easier ways to get around, the training of ri-metos declined and became restricted primarily to an outlying atoll called Rongelap, where a shallow circular reef, set between ocean and lagoon, became the site of a small wave-piloting school.
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By the time the people of the Philippines rose up to throw off the chains of Spanish colonizers, there was already a massive plan in place as well as a secret shadow government ready to take power as soon as the Spanish were gone.
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Instead, the 13-panel, 1,600-square-foot mural, which was painted in 1936 in the just-built George Washington High School, depicts his slaves picking cotton in the fields of Mount Vernon and a group of colonizers walking past the corpse of a Native American.
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Unfortunately, after their catastrophic fall in World War I, the Muslim Middle East was dominated by European colonizers and authoritarian secularists, which, in turn was met with a backlash of authoritarian Islamists whose vengeance included a revival of the most rigid form of religion.
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"Even though they can live in these kind of really extreme areas, and they're often some of the first colonizers, that doesn't mean that historically they have always been," said Matthew Nelsen, an evolutionary biologist at Chicago's Field Museum and an author of the study.
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The play opens up when Pato starts to talk about his experiences away from home, because the issues are writ larger: this is a play about the colonized and the colonizers, and the ways in which a child can use hate to shape himself.
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Advertise on Hyperallergic with Nectar Ads In the early seventeenth-century, as Dutch colonizers started claiming land in eastern North America as their own, the neighborhoods that are now the West Village and Meatpacking District in New York City housed a Lenape village called Sapponckanikan.
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Many of the laws which were put in place under the colonizers have long since been amended or even strengthened by local governments, which Mendos said could also show that colonial legislation at least partially reflected conservative opinions common within those countries at the time.
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Captain America: The Winter Soldier grappled with the surveillance state; Thor: Ragnarok transformed Asgardians from galactic colonizers into refugees; and Black Panther tackled the moral hazard of isolationism through the prism of the African diaspora, a topic no other Hollywood studio had ever considered giving blockbuster treatment.
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"This death only reaffirms the just fight of our people for our usurped lands which today remain in the hands of forestry companies, the descendents of colonizers, tourism companies, hydroelectric plants, salmon producers and individuals who have irregularly seized possession," the communique, seen by Reuters, read.
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He informs us that 40 percent of modern national borders were made by Britain or France and tells us that in Africa, borders created by ex-colonizers split 357 tribal groups, leading to higher rates of political violence in partitioned homelands, which reliably ends in displacement.
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Arzu-Brown's friends José Ávila and a man who introduced himself as Dream argued about the finer points of where the Garifuna come from, but they agreed that they are descendants of people from St. Vincent who battled fiercely for their freedom against the British colonizers.
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First the colonizers returned home, and now the colonized and their descendants are migrating to the former colonial powers of Europe, which don't really know yet how to cope with such an influx of migrants and refugees with a very different set of religious beliefs and expectations.
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Back in Haiti, Mapou was co-founder of Mouvman Kreyòl Ayisyen, a group of writers, artists, and teachers who fought to implement Creole as the primary language in Haitian schools — that the school system's predominant language was that of its colonizers (French) contributed to rates of illiteracy.
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The effect of Minaya's work achieves a decolonial practice described by Jamaican-born sociologist, Stuart Hall: What's so striking is the confidence with which, in the decolonizing moment, these 'children of empire' confronted and engaged the mother country on the home territory of the colonizers themselves.
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The names of the villages that line the peninsula's rocky perimeter — Antigonish and Isle Madame, Argyle and Lunenburg — speak to the region's long polyglot history, beginning with the Mi'kmaq indigenous peoples, whose land was taken starting in the 17th century by Scottish, English, French and German colonizers.
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Instead, some scholars now assert that the world's largest tropical rain forest was far less "Edenic" than previously imagined, and that the Amazon supported a population of as many as 10 million people before the epidemics and large-scale slaughter put into motion by European colonizers.
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In the late 19th and early 20th century, British and American colonizers believed that, because they had built a superior culture, they were duty-bound to awaken nonwhite civilizations to the wonders of Christianity and capitalism (normally at the cost of those civilizations' material resources and sovereignty).
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"Very few civilians who were in Vietnam for more than a year could argue convincingly in support of the American presence," Mr. Just wrote, observing that the Americans were seen by many South Vietnamese not as liberators but as new colonizers, taking the place of the French.
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In an interview out of Sundance, Kent told Vulture she didn't want to sugarcoat the particularly violent period of Australian history known as "The Black War," which saw aboriginal inhabitants violently subjugated by British colonizers with little regard for the impact of the death and destruction they sowed.
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As I left the venue and made my way home towards Wedding, a district in Berlin with streets dedicated to German colonizers, I saw my surroundings with a renewed sense of contradiction, and reflected on the many ways in which Germany has failed to acknowledge its colonialist past.
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Warning that he was veering into the realm of speculation, German wondered if the bugs that thrive in Lō`ihi's hydrothermal fluids are sloshing around the ocean at low levels, allowing some colonizers to easily latch on to fresh real estate around Kilauea as soon as it became available.
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Diaz, after all, signals that she has been shaped not only by the languages and traditions of the Aha Makav but also by those of the European colonizers and other groups who came to the continent, through their own volition or through the slave trade, and influenced American culture.
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The Lebanese author Charif Majdalani's madcap novel "Moving the Palace" skillfully operates on several levels: as a foray into historical wrongs committed by foreign colonizers in the Middle East; as a desert fairy tale; and as a cacophony of jokes, most frequently made at the expense of the British.
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The colonizers may as well have spared themselves the 600-plus years in cryosleep and stuck around to help Shepard liberate the Milky Way from the Reapers (the Ark-Hyperion peaced out on the galaxy in the year 2185, between Mass Effect 2 and 3 in the timeline ).
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Games like Scott Leibbrandt's Colonialism are about the colonizers doing awful things, ultimately resulting in an economic victory based on grabbing up resources, but the art and presentation presents those things as being awful and oppressive—not as discovering new wonders and closing down slave markets for victory points.
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These resource-rich states, to varying degrees, are trapped in political and economic relationships with their former colonizers in order to participate in the international financial marketplace; it is within this context that Dexter Wimberly and Larry Ossei-Mensah curate this show, put on at the Museum of the African Diaspora.
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For her self-portrait inkjet print in an elaborate gold frame, "Colonizer" (2017), San Antonio-based Chicana artist Mari Hernandez used makeup, a wig, prosthetics, and a costume to transform herself into a fictional colonizer, in extreme contrast with nearby paintings of those of European descent who were actual colonizers.
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You feel ashamed, but also enlightened, because at least you have named the sin: You belong to a nation of bloodthirsty colonizers (Howard Zinn), or anti-intellectuals (Richard Hofstadter) or, in Kurt Andersen's latest opus, a people who have committed themselves over the last half century to florid, collective delusion.
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Nowadays, the federal guidelines requiring "tribal consultation" with any local tribal nations are just a blanket that the colonizers cover themselves in, an often ignored box to be checked so that private companies can legally claim to have done their due diligence as they plow or drill through a grave site.
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Spanish colonizers in what is now New Mexico brought not only invasive systems of government, religion, and power, but foreign forms of music, art, and architecture that were themselves not only directly linked the processes of colonial rule, but already a confluence of Arabic, Celtic, and Moorish (among many other) traditions.
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Not only did the Oakland-bred director give us the biggest hit of the year with Black Panther, he gave the black community Wakanda, a magical place where African culture and ancestry is celebrated, where the beauty and power of blackness is protected and empowered, far from the reach of the colonizers.
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"ZANU-PF pays tribute to Mugabe," read the banner headline on the front page of the state newspaper, The Herald, which, since its founding in 1891 has helped create and propagate the myths of those holding power — from British colonizers to white settlers to ZANU-PF under Mr. Mugabe and now Mr. Mnangagwa.
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For other enterprising Trinidadians, concerns are cultural, not financial: Will the dissemination of its carnival water down its profound history in the region, a history that stretches back to the 18th century, as European colonizers feted Lent with masked balls and their slaves followed suit, incorporating West African traditions into the revelry?
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Inspired by historian William H. Prescott's "History of the Conquest of Mexico," which advanced the theory that Spanish colonizers of Mexico sought to convert Native communities to Christianity, the work nevertheless appeased Western viewers by depicting the young woman with a cross, suggesting her eventual acceptance of and adherence to the imposed religion.
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In the most worthwhile monologue of the show, she describes how she had been duped into believing that she was the unwell one when in reality it's her white partner that is the diseased vector: "Your mere presence was biological warfare," she reminds him scathingly, drawing on his genocidal lineage of colonizers.
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One SPLC report revealed that the group's mythology urges members to reclaim their true heritage as part of what its website calls "the Ancient Ones," a reference to a group of Africans — "a tribe of Israel" — that the group believes settled in Louisiana and created a sophisticated civilization that predated the arrival of European colonizers.
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The look, which is composed of Native American, Spanish and "Anglo" influences (Spanish colonizers arrived in the American Southwest in the 1500s, and white ranchers and farmers came three centuries later), mixes cowboy boots, bolo ties, bolero hats, concho belts, Western shirts, silver and turquoise jewelry, Navajo prints, suede moccasins and fringe and leather everything.
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The selected works illustrate how landscape intersects with social justice, with the most prominent issue manifesting as demands for decolonization in the literal sense — ceding land back to the indigenous people it was ripped away from — and in a metaphorical sense, by dismantling hierarchies that value the customs of European colonizers' over those of Canada's indigenous people.
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We can't return to a time when overtourism didn't exist, and the desire to do so is as problematic as the concept of overtourism itself: there's prejudice at work when wealthy, white Westerners have been tourists, if not colonizers, for centuries, but now that the rest of the world is joining in, it's cast as excessive.
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Mars and Earth closest they've been for 11 years Future colonizers Interest in Mars is at its highest in years, thanks in part to the success of the book and film "The Martian," and to boosting from private entrepreneurs such as Elon Musk, whose SpaceX hopes to launch a manned-mission to the planet by 2024.
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For the Italian-American community, honoring Christopher Columbus' "discovery" of the New World is a celebration of their heritage; for Native American groups and their allies, it is a reminder of the atrocities inflicted on the indigenous peoples by European colonizers, and how Western interpretations of history have whitewashed the grave injustices and discrimination their communities still struggle with.
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Almost 200 years earlier, these women's ancestors from West Africa—where Black people were forcibly taken by Portuguese colonizers to Brazil into slave trade—started an organization whose one prerogative was to uphold the sanctity of Black lives through the African religion of Candomblé, a religion concealed behind the veil of Catholic theology to avoid persecution.
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It makes you consider all the other plundered marvels of human history — the decline and fall of the Library of Alexandria; ISIL's ongoing siege on heritage; the Parthenon of Athens, which has been smashed by mortars and pillaged by colonizers in the past 200 years, leaving you shaking your head as you walk back down the Acropolis.
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"We wanted to juxtapose two very different views on our country," Ms. Dubinets said, "a romanticized European perspective on the American culture combining different worlds into a new one that suited Euro-American colonizers, and an internal perspective coming from an African-American composer terrified by the shocking massacre in Charleston more than 120 years later."
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Nah. Let's briefly veer away from whatever queer subtext exists within Frozen 2 to discuss the film's treatment of native peoples displaced by colonizers, in a story told via the inhabitants of the enchanted forest — who were very nearly destroyed by the forces of Arendelle before magic sealed off the forest through means the movie barely explains.
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Other recordings of note include an early stencil color film of a Delhi street scene from 1909; a film commissioned by then-Lord Erwin that shows colonizers and Indians having an awkward time at a party; and an epic view of worshippers at Lahore's Badshahi Mosque from 1933 — filmed, according to Baker, with full approval of the mosque's authorities.
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I'm taken aback that I'd never known, passing a patch of trees so close to home, the stories it had to tell about the people who have shared this land: the greed of the colonizers, the desperation of these multi-nationed hippies looking for shade in which to build their French Mother's ordained utopia, the day-saving piety of Indians in between.
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The thing is that Africa was one of the biggest subjects of this distorted Western lens of orientalism: alongside grotesque "scientific studies" of black central African women as foreign objects as compared to European white women, there was French colonizers' depiction of Algeria as a distant exotic land and the oversexualization of Algerian women as naked haremesses and sexual objects for penetrative conquest.
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The novelty of Tomas's appearance, and the mysterious history it implied, followed him as he ascended into Rome's high society — the same questions asked after every hug and cheek kiss, leading to the same stories about his Spanish grandfather, who rode into a southern Philippine village on a horse and married the Muslim princess whose ancestors had resisted the Catholic colonizers for centuries.
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"It has been argued that abrupt climatic events may have caused a crash in Mesolithic populations in Northern Britain, but our study reveals that at least in the case of the pioneering colonizers at Star Carr, early communities were able to cope with extreme and persistent climate events," lead author Simon Blockley, a researcher at Royal Holloway, University of London, said in a statement.
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On top of that, however, there is a rising volume of people forced out from their homes, particularly in the Middle East and in Africa, by the dozens of civil wars, ethnic and religious conflicts and sheer banditry in the territories the colonizers left behind in nominally sovereign, artificially concocted "states" with little prospects of stability, but enormous arsenals of weaponry supplied by their former colonial masters.
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SOAS senior lecturer Dr Jörg Haustein explains how colonizers used Christianity as a control mechanism to replace traditional African religions: "The Portuguese banned amulets and 'charms' during the Inquisition—the objects in question were certainly used for what we might call religious practices today, but they were also tokens of political allegiance and economic relations in the various networks between villages and states," he says.
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Other work that examined the contentious, political nature of landscapes: At Pinta Art Fair, in Karina Chechik's mixed media work, "Hacia la Tierra del Fuego" (included in "Neither Barbarism nor Civilization: Cultures in Dialogue," a project by the General Consulate and Center for the Promotion of the Argentinian Republic in Miami and curated by the Aluna Curatorial Collective) she re-traces maps of her native Argentina to highlight the spaces named and usurped by colonizers.
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Nineteen eleven was the year of forbidden food, meaning a hunger so profound that people were reduced to eating haram foods that Islam proscribes; nineteen twenty-eight was the year of registration, widespread drought forcing northern Somalis to finally submit to registration by their British colonizers in return for aid; nineteen seventy-four was the year of the long-tailed, an interminable drought in the whole region that contributed to the fall of Haile Selassie.
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A Decolonial Atlas: Strategies in Contemporary Art of the Americas features works by 18 contemporary artists and collectives from the US and Latin America, plus a selection of works by Native American artists from the museum's permanent collection Advertise on Hyperallergic with Nectar Ads Since Europeans first made contact with the indigenous inhabitants of the Americas over five centuries ago, the stories of the conquest and ensuing history have been told primarily from the perspective of the colonizers.
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As the film connects the dots between Black Panther's appearance late in Captain America: Civil War and his subsequent ascension to the Wakandan throne, we learn more about the country's history of uniting five warring tribes; how it mastered the use of vibranium, a precious metal in the Marvel universe; how it developed its powerful technology to hide its potential and resources from outsiders and colonizers; and now, following the death of T'Chaka, how its monarchy deals with the transition of power.
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Alighting in Delft's soporific port, we hired a motorized rickshaw and bounced down decrepit roads, past Hindu temples, stopping to view various curiosities left by Sri Lanka's succession of European conquerors: a giant baobab brought by the Portuguese in the 221th century from Madagascar; a ruined 2222th-century Portuguese fortress built of coral; a herd of wild horses galloping across a barren plain, the descendants of those brought over, then abandoned, by Dutch colonizers 22424 years ago; a stone aviary used by a British governor to house his carrier pigeons.
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Her book of theory taught me to ask for more from art, literature, media, politics and history — and for me, a Korean girl who had been born in a divided nation once led by kings, colonizers, then a succession of presidents who were more or less dictators, and for millenniums, that had enforced rigid class systems with slaves and serfs until the early 20th century, and where women of all classes were deeply oppressed and brutalized, I needed to see that the movement had a space for me.
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