The Iron Gate Natural Coir Mat is stylish, durable, and made from 100% renewable coir fibers.
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Welcome guests with a seasonal Huntington Home Estate Coir Mat.
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They're in a three-inch substrate of coconut coir, or fiber, and binder.
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Coir doormat with French greetings $48 at Anthropologie: 800-309-2500 or anthropologie.
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It turned out to be made of coir, the threadlike skin of aging coconut husks.
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Coir is not comfy to walk on without shoes, and it does tend to shed fibers.
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Coir is a natural fiber found between the hard external shell and the inner shell of a coconut.
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Often confused or misnamed as jute, a smoother fiber from the jute plant, most coir is produced in India.
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Wipe Your Paws Coir Doormat, $29.78, available on AmazonThis coconut husk doormat features a friendly reminder for guests to wipe their feet before entering.
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If you are looking for a stylish, durable, and high-performance eco-friendly doormat, the Iron Gate Natural Coir Mat is a perfect choice.
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By using alternatives to peat, such as bark, wood fiber, coir, bracken and green compost, in your garden you can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions and slow the impact of climate change on our environment.
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Jute mesh, coir logs, and forty-two thousand shrubs help to keep the horticultural soil in place—"the belt and suspenders" of the operation, according to Ellen Cavanagh, the director of planning for the trust.
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As Sharif wrapped small cardboard pieces with rope and left them in a heap on the floor for "Cardboard and Coir" (1999), Ibrahim made large, stone primordial sculptures, which brought to mind the Lebanese artist Simone Fattal's work, that also resembles ancient artifacts.
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Made with coir fiber and designs inspired by Adinkra symbols found in West Africa, it's the perfect way to announce to your guests they will enter the domain of royalty with the most advanced technology, so the least they can do is wipe their feet.
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MAGOODHOO, Maldives — As long as anyone can remember, life on the island of Magoodhoo in the Maldives has revolved around fishing in the crystal clear waters that wash the coral reefs, and kicking back under palm trees on deck chairs made from coir rope.
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Here are the top doormats you can buy:The best ice and snow melting mat: Cozy Products Ice and Snow Melting MatThe best eco-friendly mat: Iron Gate Natural Coir MatThe best indoor mat: Gorilla Grip Rubber Door MatThe best weather-resistant mat: Traffic Master Wrought Iron Door MatThe best doormat for apartments: Thirsty Dots Door Mat
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1\. Coir Mitra Award - Awarded by Coir Board, Ministry of MSME, Govt. of India in 2016. 2\. Coir Millennium Award - awarded by Coir Board, Ministry of ARI, Govt of India in 2000. 3\. Coir Award 2009, instituted by the Kerala State government. 4\.
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These units produce coir fibre, coir yarn, curled fibre and corridor mattings.
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Together, India and Sri Lanka produce 90% of the coir produced every year. Sri Lanka remains the world's largest exporter of coir fibre and coir fibre based products.
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Skill Development under Mahila Coir Yojan to women entrepreneur through National Coir Training and Design Centre.
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As of 2001 India census, Adivala had a population of 7208 with 3559 males and 3649 females. This place is surrounded by lot of coconut groves which makes this small village a potential place to buy and cell coconut based products. There are lot of coir fibre industries which involve in making coir fibre, coir pith, coir mats, coir curling ropes, two, three ply coir ropes and coconut oil. There is a famous temple of god Shiva called as yeragunteshwara by the local people which is located on the road side of NH4 Bangalore to Pune highway, one of the oldest coir factory is Shakthi coir and curling ropes since 1984.
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So many coir factories run around the town panjayat. The most of the employment was created by coir industries. Coir products were exported directly to China, Europe, United States and Middle East countries.
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Erosion control coir logs are natural fiber products designed to stabilize soil by supporting erosion prone areas such as river banks, slopes, hills, and streams. Coir is coconut fiber extracted from the outer husk of a coconut and used in products such as ropes, mats, and nets. Like RECPs, coir logs are natural and biodegradable, being composed primarily of densely packed coir fibers held together by a tubular coir twine netting. Coir fiber is strong, water resistant, making it a durable barrier against waves and river currents.
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To demonstrate the benefits of coir pith compost in combating the moisture stress in coconuts, this FLD was implemented at Kudiyanmala. It created a great impact on the local coir industry. In Kannur district, there are 36 cooperative societies and 25 private coir industries. The coir pith waste from these industries creates serious environmental problems.
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A close-up view of coir fibre Segregation of coir fibre Coir (), or coconut fibre, is a natural fibre extracted from the outer husk of coconut and used in products such as floor mats, doormats, brushes and mattresses. Coir is the fibrous material found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut. Other uses of brown coir (made from ripe coconut) are in upholstery padding, sacking and horticulture. White coir, harvested from unripe coconuts, is used for making finer brushes, string, rope and fishing nets.
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Bristle coir is the longest variety of coir fibre. It is manufactured from retted coconut husks through a process called defibering. The coir fibre thus extracted is then combed using steel combs to make the fibre clean and to remove short fibres. Bristle coir fibre is used as bristles in brushes for domestic and industrial applications.
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He became Vice Chairman of Coir Board thrice, and also served as an Executive Committee member. He was also the Vice Chairman of National Coir Research & Management Institute (NCRMI). He has also served as the Chairman of Foam Mattings India Ltd. Anandan has traveled widely to various parts of the world to promote Coir Geotextiles and to find markets for Coir products.
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The Coir Board is a statutory body established by the Government of India under the Coir Industry Act 1953 (No. 45 of 1953) for the promotion and development of the coir (coconut fibre) industry in India. It is based in Kochi and Alappuzha. The head office of the Coir Board is in Kochi and the research and training office is at Alappuzha and Bangalore.
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They weave out tons of coir carpets, door mats and jute items every month both for exports. One can find exquisitely designed carpets and mats displayed in the showrooms along the NH 66. Some of the major coir mat manufacturers and exporters in Cherthala are LORDS EXPORTS, TMMC Group -Chertala, Travancore Cocotuft (P) Ltd, Koncherry Coir Exporters, Maithara Coir house, Loomcraft, Charangattu, Sherthallai, MC MILLS, Kalavamkodam, Kuncharath Viva carpets, Panavally, Joece Enterprises, Coir Mills, CoirFlex. ;Seafood export A seafood export processing plant at Aroor.
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Making coir rope in Kerala, India All parts of the canoe are connected by thin coir ropes Red coir is used in floor mats and doormats, brushes, mattresses, floor tiles and sacking. A small amount is also made into twine. Pads of curled brown coir fibre, made by needle-felting (a machine technique that mats the fibres together), are shaped and cut to fill mattresses and for use in erosion control on river banks and hillsides. A major proportion of brown coir pads are sprayed with rubber latex which bonds the fibres together (rubberised coir) to be used as upholstery padding for the automobile industry in Europe.
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Traditionally a coir business belt which has dwindled over the years as coir prices have fallen. A coir workers welfare society operates here. Karicharakadavu has an old Devi temple called the Karichara Bhagavathy temple, known as locally PARAKKARIKKOVIL which is believed to be around 250 years old.
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Coir, cashew nuts and hand loom are the major industries of Poothakkulam. Kalakkod Q 23 Co-operative society was established as the first Coir society in Poothakkulam.
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The KVIC, established by an Act of Parliament, is a statutory organisation engaged in promotion and development of khadi and village industries for providing employment opportunities in the rural areas, thereby strengthening the rural economy. The coir industry is a labour-intensive and export-oriented industry. It uses a by-product of coconut, namely, coir husk. The Coir Board, a statutory body established under the Coir Industry Act 1953, looks after the promotion, growth and development of the coir industry, including export promotion and expansion of the domestic market.
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Right from the beginning of the formation of the Coir Co-operative Movement in Thiru- Cochi State (in 1950) he was associated with it as an active leader and organizer. He was the president for over 45 years in the Thiruvallam Pachalloor Coir Vyavasaya Sahakarana Samkham. He worked as the president of Alappuzha Central Marketing Coir Cooperative Society. He also worked as the vice president of Kerala Coir Marketing Federation for a long time.
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Coir has also been touted as a sustainable alternative to peat moss in growing media.Richards, Davi. Coir is sustainable alternative to peat moss in the garden. Oregon State University Extension Service.
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Kerala supplies 60% of the total global produce of white coir fibre. India's first coir factory was set up in Alleppey in 1859–60. The Central Coir Research Institute was established there in 1959. As per the 2006–2007 census by SIDBI, there are 1,468,104 micro, small and medium enterprises in Kerala employing 3,031,272 people.
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The material is also used for insulation and packaging. The major use of white coir is in rope manufacture. Mats of woven coir fibre are made from the finer grades of bristle and white fibre using hand or mechanical looms. White coir also is used to make fishing nets due to its strong resistance to saltwater.
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Traditionally Agriculture and Fishing were the economic activities of people. The coir making industry also played a vital role. Atholi was an ideal place for coir industry because of its coconut plantations and the boating route through the Korapuzha river to other parts of Malabar. Coir products like rope and carpets from Atholi were famous throughout Malabar region.
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Calcium and magnesium will be lacking in coir potting mixes, so a naturally good source of these nutrients is dolomitic lime which contains both. pH is of utmost importance as coir pith tends to have a high pH after some months of use, resulting in plant stunting and multiple deficiencies. Coir has as well the disadvantage of being extremely sensitive to the Leucocoprinus greenhouse fungus. The addition of beneficial microbes to the coir media have been successful in tropical green house conditions and interior spaces as well.
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Coir making is a home industry to almost all the village living people. It is very interesting to watch the coir making by the village ladies with the help of weaving Wheels. They make the coir ropes by hand. In addition to this, on the way, you can see the process of extracting coconut oil from the "copra" [dried coconut].
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Because coir pith is high in sodium and potassium, it is treated before use as a growth medium for plants or fungi by soaking in a calcium buffering solution; most coir sold for growing purposes is said to be pre-treated. Once any remaining salts have been leached out of the coir pith, it and the cocochips become suitable substrates for cultivating fungi. Coir is naturally rich in potassium, which can lead to magnesium and calcium deficiencies in soilless horticultural media. Coir fiber is rarely used as a potting material, except for orchids, and does not need buffering, as it has a very low cation-exchange capacity (CEC) capacity, hence not retaining salts.
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Fibres are typically long. The two varieties of coir are brown and white. Brown coir harvested from fully ripened coconuts is thick, strong and has high abrasion resistance. It is typically used in mats, brushes and sacking.
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Anandan started his political activities during his school days, and became a member of the Communist Party during 1956. In 1958, he worked as a coir laborer and organized his co-workers to form one of the first Coir Co-operative Societies in Anathalavattom. That same year, Anandan led a rally to increase the daily wages of coir workers from half ana to one ana. Since then, he has worked for the uplift of the downtrodden and led many struggles for better work and wages for coir workers.
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Multiple sections of Coir Log can be joined together by twine to provide erosion control and prevention to vulnerable areas. Coir logs can also be vegetated and used to establish root systems of native plants along wetland edges.
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KVK, Kannur recognized the potential of coir pith and implemented this FLD. One of the cooperative societies, Kudiyanmala Coir Vyavasaya Sangham approached KVK for training on coir pith compost making. After the training the society initiated the composting by producing 12 tons of quality compost. The society became rejuvenated and this small intervention brought considerable benefits through waste disposal, soil enrichment, moisture conservation and employment generation.
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Coir Award 2010-11, for Longstanding Experience and Contribution to the Coir Sector, Government of Kerala 5\. C. Kesavan Memorial Award 2016, instituted by C. Kesavan Smaraka Samithy 6\. N. Sreekandan Nair Puraskaram 2018, instituted by Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist).
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Coir (coconut fiber) geotextiles are popular for erosion control, slope stabilization and bioengineering, due to the fabric's substantial mechanical strength. Coir geotextiles last approximately 3 to 5 years depending on the fabric weight. The product degrades into humus, enriching the soil.
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Total world coir fibre production is This industry is particularly important in some areas of the developing world. India, mainly in Pollachi and the coastal region of Kerala State, produces 60% of the total world supply of white coir fibre. Sri Lanka produces 36% of the total brown fibre output. Over 50% of the coir fibre produced annually throughout the world is consumed in the countries of origin, mainly India.
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The other essential product of the Maldives was coir, the fibre of the dried coconut husk, resistant to saltwater. It stitched together and rigged the dhows that plied the Indian Ocean. Maldivian coir was exported to Sindh, China, Yemen, and the Persian Gulf.
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Coir bristle fibre can also be bleached and dyed to obtain hanks of different colours.
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A Houseboat in Alleppey The economy of the district is based on agriculture and marine products. The agricultural activities predominantly revolve around Kuttanad region, the rice bowl of Kerala. Though the district is industrially backward, some traditional industries based on coir and coir products, marine products, handlooms, different types of handicrafts, toddy tapping have been active from the very early times. The district is known as the traditional home of coir industry in Kerala.
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Video clip, "Planking Process." Accessed 2013-01-13. It was then sewn into position using coir rope and caulking made from multiple strands of fine coir rope with a diameter of about . In addition, the planks were coated with shark liver oil to make them water-resistant.
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Mature brown coir fibres contain more lignin and less cellulose than fibres such as flax and cotton, so are stronger but less flexible. White coir fibres harvested from coconuts before they are ripe are white or light brown in color and are smoother and finer, but also weaker. They are generally spun to make yarn used in mats or rope. The coir fibre is relatively waterproof, and is one of the few natural fibres resistant to damage by saltwater.
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Coir industry is one of the major businesses in Perunguzhy.Gulf money is the source of people's income.
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Aryad North is at the northern part of Aryad panchayat of Alappuzha district, Kerala, India. Komalapuram is also in Aryad North. Aryad North is famous for making coir mats of different varieties traditionally. Once coir and its bi- products were the major earning for livelihood of the people here.
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Regardless of hydroponic demand, coconut coir is a natural byproduct derived from coconut processes. The outer husk of a coconut consists of fibers which are commonly used to make a myriad of items ranging from floor mats to brushes. After the long fibers are used for those applications, the dust and short fibers are merged to create coir. Coconuts absorb high levels of nutrients throughout their life cycle, so the coir must undergo a maturation process before it becomes a viable growth medium.
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The major livelihood of people here is coir making, fishing and shrimp farming. A large number of people work as skilled or unskilled labourers. These people find their employment in the coir industry, the construction industry, the sea food industry and various other businesses in nearby Cherthala and Cochin city.
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The Kerala State Government had appointed him as the Vice Chairman of Apex Body for Coir in August 2016.
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Sea food processing is the main industry. Shrimp farming, pisciculture and coir products manufacture are also means of livelihood.
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Important jobs are boat making, fishing, coconut trade, coir making, toddy tapping. Thuruthipuram is a minor market in this panchayat.
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2010, www.japi.org/july_2010/Article_03.pdf.]. Despite requiring attention, posing health risks and environmental impacts, coconut coir has impressive material properties.
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High school (Now named as GHSS Poonoor). A coir factory operated in Neroth years ago and has since closed. The decomposed waste of the coir factory can be seen as brown hill on ach side of the Neroth - Mangad road. When it catches fire it becomes a threat to the people and the coconut trees.
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A coir industry in the UK was recorded before the second half of the 19th century. During 1840, Captain Widely, in co-operation with Captain Logan and Mr. Thomas Treloar, founded the known carpet firms of Treloar and Sons in Ludgate Hill, England, for the manufacture of coir into various fabrics suitable for floor coverings.
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This process removes salt, tannins and phenolic compounds through substantial water washing. Contaminated water is a byproduct of this process, as three hundred to six hundred liters of water per one cubic meter of coir is needed.[Pavlis, Robert. “Is Coir an Eco-Friendly Substitute for Peat Moss?” Garden Myths, 22 July 2017, www.gardenmyths.
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Coconut coir pith is also used as a bedding in litter boxes, animal farms and pet houses to absorb animal waste.
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The only building on the island belongs to a privately owned coir factory that produces ropes and carpets with handmade looms.
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After his death too, coir was inserted in the mouth. Police Superintendent Haridas Damodaran (Mammootty) heads the investigation. He orders his sub-ordinate Joy (Lalu Alex) to collect details of similar murder cases from history. It is found that Rosario Fernandes (Devan), who was found to have poisoned himself to death also had coir in his mouth.
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Due to its superior absorption capabilities when compared to products made of clay, silica and diatomaceous earth-based absorbents, dry coconut coir pith is gaining popularity as an oil and fluid absorbent. Many other absorbents have to be mined, whereas coconut coir pith is a waste product in abundance in countries where coconut is a major agriculture product.
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The coir industry is one of India's traditional industries that is still economically important. The Coir Board has regional offices in different parts of India, wherever there is a significant industry presence. The board works for the promotion, research, education, and training of the industry. The board functions under the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.
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When exposed to water, the brown, dry, chunky and fibrous material expands nearly three-four times its original size. This characteristic combined with coconut coir's water retention capacity and resistance to pests and diseases make it an effective growth medium. Used as an alternative to rock wool, coconut coir, also known as coir peat, offers optimized growing conditions.
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Portuguese traveller Duarte Borbosa visited Kumbla in 1514 and observed that rice was being exported to Maldives islands in exchange for coir.
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Most commonly, potting soil is either peat moss (with limestoneNissen, Dante. "The Indoor Plant Bible." Page 21. Barron’s. )-based or coconut coir-based.
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Pattukkottai was declared a "coir cluster" in September 2007 in order to promote traditional coir-based industries. In Tamil Nadu, after Pollachi, coconut cultivation has been extensively done in Pattukkottai's surroundings on 30,000 hectares of land along the coast. Pattukottai has been declared a Coir Cluster under a Central scheme called "Scheme Fund for Regeneration of Traditional Industries" (SFURT). A coconut complex at Ponnvarayankottai near Pattukottai is to be constructed at a cost of Rs.4 Crores and will have sections for trading, grading coconuts and separating copra, drying yard, shops for traders, and for tourists, restrooms, information centre and parking lots.
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Revi Karunakaran (1931–2003) (referred also as Revi Karuna Karan or Ravi Karunakaran) was a leading coir exporter from Kerala, India and former director of the Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI). He was the Chairman and Managing Director of the Karan Group of Companies—the world's largest exporter of coir products—and worked significantly for the modernization of the coir industry of India. The world-renowned Ravi Karunakaran Memorial Museum (RKK Museum) in Alappuzha, Kerala was established in 2006 by his wife Betty, based on the private collection accumulated by Karunakaran and his family over several generations.
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He attended Dalupotha Roman Catholic School but was forced to drop out in the seventh grade to support his poverty stricken family. His father fell from a scaffolding and unable to move since then. Therefore his mother started to work in coir mill. He took to working at coir mills, estates, tobacco stores, fish stalls and in masonry to this end.
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This panchayat hosts industrial activity including seven cashew factories, brick manufacturing, tile manufacturing, coir industry and matchbox industry. Four main market places service this village.
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Kerala is also known for the many events conducted by the Ministry of Tourism for tourist attractions. Kochi-Muziris Biennale, the first Biennale in India was conducted in Kochi from 12 December 2012 till 13 March 2013. The government contributed about 12-150 million on the event. An International Coir Fest is conducted annually that is aimed at developing the coir industry of Kerala and tourism.
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Agriculture, Fishing, Coir The old song Chavara Panmana Thevalakkara chakiri kondu pizhaykkanam reveals these village's main source of income is coir industry and Thekkumbhagom its neighbour village So many people from Thekkumbhagom working in various Govt. Departments in Keralam. Thekkumbhagom is the top panchayath in Kollam district that has the most number of Govt. employees. Also skilled people from Thekkumbhagom working outside Kerala and Middle East.
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Various forms in which coir fibre can appear Coir fibres are found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut. The individual fibre cells are narrow and hollow, with thick walls made of cellulose. They are pale when immature, but later become hardened and yellowed as a layer of lignin is deposited on their walls. Each cell is about long and in diameter.
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The coir workers became dis-satisfied with the ability of their communal associations - most notably, the Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana - to address their changed circumstances a decade or more before the Depression. The Travancore Labour Association (TLA) was established in 1922, during the boom years, as an association of workers employed by the Empire Coir Works in Alleppey. Before long, it had expanded its influence to represent coir workers elsewhere in the town. It was at first primarily more a caste association than a trade union: its efforts were less focussed on employment matters than on the well-being of its membership in a wider social sense.
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These can be a slab of concrete overlaid with a coir mat or artificial turf. Sometimes dirt is put over the coir mat to provide an authentic feeling pitch. Artificial pitches are rare in professional cricket, being used only when exhibition matches are played in regions where cricket is not a common sport. The pitch has specific markings delineating the creases, as specified by the Laws of Cricket.
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The hull is a series of wooden planks, long cut and carved, tied together using coir with coconut fibers stuffed in between. The hull which is made of hundreds of fine but heavy-duty planks of jack-wood is held together absolutely by coir knots (not a single nail is used). This framework is then coated with a caustic black resin extracted from boiled cashew kernels. And it lasts for generations.
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It would be expanded in future depending upon the needs of farmers. There are also demands to set up industries to promote Coir-related products with value addition.
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During his tenure as the All India Coir Board Chairman he did a lot revolutionary things for the Coir Industry which has never been done before in its history. One of his major achievements as Chairman of the board was to nearly triple the exports of Coir products from India to over a record 2,800 crores during his tenure which has never been achieved before. He was a two- time member of the Lok Sabha. He won on a BJP ticket in the 1998 and 1999 general elections in the aftermath of the 1998 Coimbatore bombings. He won by a margin of over 150,000 votes in 1998 which was reduced to a margin of 55,000 in the 1999 elections.
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Madampagama is a village in Galle District, Southern Province, Sri Lanka.The Sustainer - From Poverty to Sustainability It is famous for its coir works. Madampagama is near Ambalangoda and Hikkaduwa.
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Uninhabited island in Munroe Tourism in Munroe Island. The island village is a tourism destination where one can see the coir retting process, coir weaving, fishing, prawns feeding, migratory bird watch, narrow canals and waterways, coconut farms on the lake shore, lagoons, mangrove plants and the beautiful tiny islands of Pathupara. Kallada Boat Race, which is one of the famous boat races in Kerala, is at Karuvathrakadavu- Muthiraparambu nettayam in Munroe Island.
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Coconuts produced there are very pulpy and tasty compared to Pollachi coconut which has more water. Coconut-based industries can be found here such as coconut oil mills,coir industries etc.
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He translated the book 'Kayar'(Coir) of Jnanpith winner Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai to English. He was a board member of the Sahithya Pravarthaka Saharkarna Sanghom and member of Kerala Sahitya Akademi.
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The district lacks refineries, ports, and an airport, which are needed for major industries.Aside from two public sector companies, Hindustan Newsprint at Velloor and Travancore Cements at Nattakom, industries in the district consist mostly of small and medium-size operations. These mainly include the publishing and processing of rubber or latex, and manufacturing of rubber-based products. Confined mostly to the Vaikom area of the district is an industry of coir processing and making coir products.
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Some family's annual income was solely on coconuts. Plucking coconuts 3 to 4 times in a year and selling to the merchants not only was a common practice in those days, it was a necessity. It is said that in those days almost one million coconuts were traded in a market day. Three to four truckloads of coconut husk-a raw material for making coir- used to be sent to other parts of Kerala where coir trading was active.
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Alleppey town was renamed Alappuzha in 2012, even though the anglicised name is still commonly used to describe the town as well as the district. The district is best known for its picturesque backwaters. Alappuzha is well connected by waterways to various other parts of Kerala, including the tourist destination of Kumarakom; and the district is itself a well known tourist destination. The district is known for its Coir factories, as most of Kerala's coir industries are situated in and around Alappuzha.
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In parliamentary representation, it is part of the Alappuzha Assembly constituency, as well as the Alappuzha LokSabha constituency. The primary occupation of the village's inhabitants has been coir-making for the past several decades.
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Monograph Series: Kerala Research Programme on Local Level Development.1995 # Modernisation and employment: the coir industry in Kerala. With R. A. Van Stuijvenberg and K. N. Nair. Indo- Dutch Studies on Development Alternatives 10.
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J. Environ. Eng. 142 (5). wood chips, coir, bark, peat, and straw for organic packing. Gravel, quartz sand, river bed gravel, pumice, mud balls, glass balls, ceramsite and charcoal are commonly used for inert packing.
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In the settlement area, with houses of all people there are some other stores for the needs of people. There is a Railway Station present in the village called as, Bisalehalli Railway Station where some trains stop three times a day one time in morning at 7:30 and two times at night at 7 and 9 o'clock. There is a coir industry called Mallikarjuna coir industry. There is a hospital called Bisalehalli Primary Hospital which is just primary and does not contain features of a hospital.
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Anandan has actively participated in various trade union agitations and strikes, and has been arrested and detained on several occasions, as well as injured during protests. During the Emergency in India, he went underground for a year and a half and was declared a wanted fugitive under the Maintenance of Internal Security Act. He was arrested in November 1976 and detained until the lifting of the Emergency. Anandan was the leader of three state marches (കാല്നട ജാഥകള്) of the Coir Worker's Union: in 1973 to protest against the local police killing of Comrade Ammu, a coir worker at Vazhamuttom in Thiruvananthapuram district; in 1974 to press for better work and wages; and the famous Coir Strike in 1975. A senior trade union activist, Anandan was elected as the President of the CITU Kerala State unit in its 12th and 13th State Conferences.
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The beach at Thumpoly is a major tourist attraction. Coir handicrafts is a major cottage industry of the area. Poomkavu is situated in the out-skirts of Alleppey town. It belonged once to the parish of Thumpoly.
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He was also the general secretary of Travancore Coir Thozhilali Union from 1970 to 1995. Anandan was elected to the Thiruvananthapuram District Committee in 1971, in 1984 to the State Committee, and in 2009 to the State Secretariat of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). Mr. Anandan is the first member to represent CPI(M)'s state secretariat from Thiruvananthapuram district. Anandan served as the director of the Kerala State Coir Marketing Federation (Coirfed) from 1979 to 2001, and in 1989 assumed the office of Chairman of Coirfed.
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Born on 20 October 1923 to Sankaran and Accamma in Alappuzha, Travancore (part of present-day Kerala state, India), he lost his mother when he was four years old and subsequently lost his father at age 11. This forced him to quit his studies after finishing 7th standard in school and college He started working by helping his elder brother in a village tailoring shop. Later he took up the job of meshing coir to make ropes at a coir factory. V.S. started his early political life by organising the agricultural workers in Kuttanadu.
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Madak was prepared by blending opium from Java with domestic Chinese hemp and herbs, boiling the mix in pans and, finally, mixing with tobacco. It was smoked in bamboo pipes with coir fibre filter.Dikotter et al., p. 33.
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Turmeric was exported to Muscat, Kutch, Surat and Bombay, along with Cassia Cinnamon, Sugar, Iron, Saltpeter, Ginger, Coir and Timber. The Light House Hill tower in Light House Hill, Hampankatta, served as a watchtower for the British Navy.
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Industrial Opportunities in Marthandam There are rubber, coir, fruit based and wood-based industries. The influence of both Tamil and Kerala artisans produces unique designs and furniture works. Wood industries, directly and indirectly, employ a few thousand people.
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It is a natural habitat of many rare birds. Thumpoly is famous for its canals, which end their course in the Arabian Sea. There are fishing villages on the beaches. The local population are also involved in coir making.
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How coir is made - material, making, history, used, processing, product, industry, machine, History It has the advantage of not sinking, so can be used in long lengths on deep water without the added weight dragging down boats and buoys.
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Coconut is the chief crop. This is processed into oil, desiccated coconut, and coir, most of which are shipped to Cebu. Coconut processing is the main industry in Oroquieta City. Other crops grown are rice, corn, abaca, coffee, cacao and rubber.
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This facility is built in a 20-acre plot at Iringal on the shores of kutiady river. There are 60 stalls for sale and exhibition of handicrafts. The villages displays products made of fibre, bamboo, coir, sand, coconut, palm and pine.
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Kochangadi was born on 30 April 1944 in Kochangadi, in the Ernakulam district of Kerala. His parents were P.A. Zainuddhin Naina (Freedom Fighter, Journalist, Political Leader, Founder of Coir Fed) and Sulekha. He attended Kochangadi Aliya School, Mattancherry HE HMMHS.
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He constructed two parallel canals for bringing goods to port from backwaters and offered infrastructural facilities to merchants and traders from Surat, Mumbai and Kutch to start industrial enterprises, trading, and cargo centres. Alappuzha attained progress and became the financial nerve centre of Travancore during his time.A History of Trade & Commerce in Travancore, 1600-1805 by K. K. Kusuman The port was opened in 1762, mainly for the export of coir-matting and coir-yarn. Kesavadas built three ships for trade with Calcutta and Bombay, and alleppey afforded a convenient depot for the storage and disposal of goods produce in the east.
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Sasi was in public service for nearly three decades holding senior positions in government; provided effective direction and governance for the all round development of traditional sectors such as coir, handloom, cashew etc. Served as Director, Managing Director and Chairman of various Public Sector Undertakings; Member, Board of Directors, National Textile Corporation, Coir Board etc; Private Secretary to Shri. P. K. Raghavan, the then Minister for SC/ST development in E. K. Nayanar Ministry; Planned, Co-ordinated and implemented various development schemes for SC/ST; Served as Chairman, Kerala Agricultural Workers Welfare Fund Board (2006-2009); Member,Travancore Devaswom Board (10 months).
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Kanjiracode creek on the south-east end of the lake, one arm of the Ashtamudi, has suffered extinction due to the dumping of waste earth and clay into the lake by the Kerala Ceramics Limited (KCL) at Kundara, a state government-owned public sector unit. A university professor who has studied this aspect wonders > whether the lake would have to be soon rechristened "Sapthamudi" or the lake > with seven locks of hair. The loss to people due to destruction of the creek is stated to be: a) "Karimeen" (pearl spot) and "kanambu" (mullet) fish varieties once the livelihood of fishermen have disappeared and resulting in the migration of the fishermen to Paravur and Varkala in the south and even Kannur in the north. b) People dependent on coir for a livelihood used the lake to soak husks but now the Kanjiracode coir industry is non-existent due to closure of the creek resulting in migration of coir workers to other places for a living.
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Kokkamangalam village itself is a place of traditional coconut processing cottage industry and numerous small coir spinning units. Thanneermukkom saltwater barrier, Pathiramanal Island, Kumarakom bird sanctuary are among the places of interest nearby. The Cochin International Airport is 70 kilometers from Kokkamangalam.
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Paravur was once famous in the district for its traditional industries like coir, handlooms and agriculture. Now it is changing to a major residential suburb of Cochin where people looking jobs in city. The Eloor- Edayar industrial belt is in Paravur Taluk.
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Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai was a renowned novelist of the Malayalam language (1912-1999). He wrote mostly on themes connected with the labour classes of Kerala. His most famous book is "Coir"(കയർ) published in 1978 . He was awarded Padma Bhushan and Jnanapith awards.
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The economy of Anaimalai is predominantly dependent on agriculture. There are also coir manufacturing units around the area with raw materials sourced from local farms. Anaimalai is also a popular movie shooting location for the Tamil film industry owing to its scenic landscape.
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Agriculture and Fishery are the major contributors to the economy of Honavar taluk. There are also a few Roof tile factories in the taluk that are on decline. Cashew nut processing, Beekeeping and Coir processing are the other businesses in the taluk.
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According to John Guy, curator of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the book "describes the ships of foreign merchants as being stitched together with the fiber of coir-palms and having their seams caulked rather than using iron nails to secure their planks".
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Paddy fields in Pollachi The economy of the town is predominantly dependent on agriculture. Coconut, jaggery, vegetables and cattle contribute to the agricultural output. There are also coir producing units with raw materials sourced from local farms. Vanilla is also cultivated in certain locations.
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The minor cottage industries include Surgical Gloves, Coir-making, floral trade, handloom-weaving, cashew nut, spices, food-processing units, and lace-making (export-oriented). Nagercoil has the highest per capita income of ₹276,454 (US$3,800), making it among the richest small cities in India.
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He organized Coir and Beedi workers. He was imprisoned twice and released in 1945. In 1951, he was elected as the Taluk secretary of the Malabar unit committee of the Communist Party. He contested the assembly election in 1951 and the Loksabha election in 1957.
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The process of husk extraction from the coir bypasses the retting process, using a custom- built coconut husk extractor designed by ASEAN–Canada Forest Tree Seed Centre in 1986. Fresh husks contain more tannin than old husks. Tannin produces negative effects on sapling growth.Somyos Kijkar.
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Union Government establishments like the Coconut Development Board, the Coir Board and the Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA) have head offices located in the city. Kochi is the seat of the High Court of Kerala, the highest court of Kerala and the Lakshadweep.
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The now-defunct Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries had the objectives of facilitating coordinated and focused policy formulation and effective implementation of programmes, projects, schemes, etc., for improving supply chain management, enhancing skills, upgrading technology, expanding markets and capacity building of entrepreneurs/artisans and their groups/collectives. The Ministry deals with the khadi, village and coir industries through the Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) and the Coir Board. It coordinates implementation of two countrywide employment generation programmes, namely, the Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP) and the Prime Minister's Rozgar Yojana (PMRY) with the cooperation of State Governments, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and other banks.
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They may be supplied with a secondary mattress and/or a removable "topper." Mattresses may also be filled with air or water, or a variety of natural fibers, such as in futons. Kapok is a common mattress material in Southeast Asia, and coir in South Asia.
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The Hindus of this area keep their traditions by celebrating various festivals in their temples. Hindu rituals are done here with a regular devotion like other parts of Kerala. Most of the people work in the fisheries and construction sectors. Formerly they worked in coir sector.
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He started his political career during college days. He joined Communist Party of India in 1977. He was the state vice president of All India Youth Federation. He served as the president of Cherthala South Grama Panchayat (1995–96) and as the vice president of Coir-Fed.
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He was widely considered to be the right-hand man of the then Chief Minister, Dr M. G. Ramachandran. In the 1977 election he defeated the then DMK cabinet minister M. Kannappan. Other villages include Avalappampatti, Konde Goundan Palayam, Chinna Negamam and Kakkadavu (hub of the coir industries).
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All the separate units are pulled up and placed one above the other with the help of wooden pulleys, giant coir ropes called Vadams with a length of over 100 fts.and with huge iron structures, drawn by hundreds of people. Theru Theru does not have the Prabhadas and Edakkoodarams.
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It is made with rice flour, palm sugar and precipitated limewater (น้ำปูนใส; ; ). The word ปูน (lime) gives sweet its name. The mixture is often thickened using arrowroot or tapioca starch. (in Thai) As a colouring, charred coconut coir (fibre from outer husk) or crushed pandan leaves may be added.
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688,859 tonnes of rice are produced per year. Other key crops include coconut; 899,198 ha, tea, coffee; 23% of Indian production, or 57,000 tonnes, rubber, cashews, and spices—including pepper, cardamom, vanilla, cinnamon, and nutmeg. Traditional industries manufacturing items; coir, handlooms, and handicrafts employ around one million people.
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The stones were probably named after the legendary Gaelic hero Fionn mac Cumhaill known in English as Finn or Fingal. The present title may constitute a modern rationalisation of a word now obsolete in colloquial Scottish Gaelic: Pùball Fhinn ("Fionn's tent") was a common phrase in the ancient Fenian cycle of Gaelic lore and indicated his nomadic residence. The stones are also known as Sòrnach Coir' Fhinn, or "the fireplace of Fionn's cauldron" and locally as Sòrnach a' Phobaill ("the fireplace of the People"). The former name is similar to that of Sòrnaichean Coir' Fhinn ("the fireplaces of Fionn's cauldron") near Kensaleyre in Skye and Suidhe Coire Fhionn ("the site of Fionn's cauldron") in Arran.
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In Rajasthan the rightists took advantage of the imprisonment of leftist trade unionists like Punamia, Iqbal Singh, Rajbahadur Gaur and Radhaballav Aggarwal 1964-1965, and reconstituted the AITUC state unit. Once the Rajasthan leftist unionists were released from jail, they began functioning as a separate trade union centre. In Kerala there was intense rivalry between the factions in the Travancore Coir Factory Workers Union (TCFWU) until 1966 when pro-CPI(M) majority broke away and formed their own union, the Alleppey Coir Factory Thozhilali Union. But the central organization of AITUC remained intact, with CPI(Left)/CPI(M) leaders participating in the AITUC Working Committee meetings and allowing resolutions to be passed unanimously.
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"coir mat " In recent times, tourism has become a major source of revenue. This is mainly due to the presence of houseboats that provide the tourists with a view of the scenic backwaters of the town. Another reason is the proximity to other tourist spots like Munnar, Varkala, Alappuzha and Wayanad.
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Palaverikadu is a village in the Pattukkottai taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is surrounded by other villages, including Athivetti, Kalyanaoodai, Krishnapuram, Parakalakottai and Odhiyadikadu. Most of the village is surrounded by coconut trees and paddy fields. "Pattukottai Coir Cluster Development Scheme" is located and run in this village.
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The plant grows to , and averages about . The fiber was originally used for making twines and ropes; now most is pulped and used in a variety of specialized paper products including tea bags, filter paper and banknotes. It is classified as a hard fiber, along with coir, henequin and sisal.
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It is religiously diverse, containing seven mosques, 15 Hindu temples, and 3 churches . Its primary industries are coir production, Transportation , Retail Shop , Coconut Oil mill. The primary roads in and around the village are NH 17, the Trichur-Kodungallor Road, the Konathukunnu-Poovathumkadavu Road, the Paingode-Konathukunnu Road, and the Karupadanna-Chirattakkunnu Road.
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People of this village are engaged mostly in Coir works, Fishing and other jobs. There are several temples in Pathiyankara named as Mootheril Temple, Ammumma Nada Temple, Kaliyamma Temple And Muriyaalil Temple. Some part of Pathiyankara are islands. These islands are connected to the main land by a bridge across Kayamkulam Kayal.
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He was born in 1923, the son of Kittachan and Kochuparu in Kochuthakidiyil House, Aryaad, Alappuzha. He organized coir factory workers and entered politics and took part in the national freedom struggle, especially the Punnapra-Vayalar struggle. Freedom fighter and Communist party leader Mararikulam MLA the late S.Damodaran Ex. MLA is his brother.
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India census, Thycattusserry had a population of 20052 with 9915 males and 10137 females. Thycattusserry is situated in Pallippuram Islands, 35 km north of Alappuzha and 30 km south of Kochi. The major income source of this place is fishing and coir industry. Thycattusserry is geographically surrounded by Vembanad lake and its tributaries.
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The Kendra is undertaking the following programme for women empowerment: # seminars on the rights of the women; # leadership Training programmes through the Self-Help Groups (SHGs); # training programmes on masonry, tailoring & embroidery, coir-making, and home management; # placement for the trainees who successfully completed the course; # and, linking SHGs with the banks.
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Baskets, chairs, and various kinds of coir matting made at the Prison were, it was announced, available for sale at reasonable prices, as were a limited number of tennis nets. Limited orders of finer work from the Women's Prison, could be accepted.The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser (1884-1942) 13 Aug.
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Fish species reported include carangids, cephalopods, perches, rainbow sardine, rays, sail fishes, sharks, skipjack tuna, and tuna. Agriculture is practised, with about 5% of the land area brought under cultivation. Coconut plantations are common along with associated coir twinning. Crops grown include red grass, groundnut, maize, sweet potato, grains, cereals, millets, papaya, and banana.
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Justice T. Vasudev (Babu Namboothiri) is murdered in his house, and after his death Coir (coconut fibre) is pushed into his mouth by the murderer. One of his close friends, businessman Kuwait Mani (M. G. Soman), seemed to be quite upset with this murder. Days later, Kuwait Mani is killed in an intentional car accident.
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Well water is largely used for irrigation. There is also a river called "Sanakumara Nadhi" passing through this small town and that finally joins with Cauvery river at Hogenakkal. Tamil, Telugu and Kannada are widely spoken in the region. Marandahalli and around this town has many tiny industries to manufacture coconut thread, coir, coconut powder.
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Twine is a light string or strong thread composed of two or more smaller strands or yarns twisted, and then twisted together. More generally, the term can be applied to a cord. Natural fibres used for making twine include cotton, sisal, jute, hemp, henequen, and coir. A variety of synthetic fibres are also used.
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Researchers at CSIR's National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology in Thiruvananthapuram have developed a biological process for the extraction of coir fibre from coconut husk without polluting the environment. The technology uses enzymes to separate the fibres by converting and solubilizing plant compounds to curb the pollution of waters caused by retting of husks.
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In many composting toilet designs, a carbon additive such as sawdust, coconut coir, or peat moss is added after each use. This practice creates air pockets in the human waste to promote aerobic decomposition. This also improves the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and reduces potential odor. Most composting toilet systems rely on mesophilic composting.
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In Sri Lanka, it is from May- July. The nest is a platform of twigs placed in a large tree and very rarely on buildings. The centre of the nest is neatly lined with hair, coir or other fine fibres. The usual clutch is three to five pale blue-green eggs speckled with brown.
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Thumpamon Thomas points that the narration is as small water streams that eventually form into a waterfall similar to the strands in a twisted rope made of coir. The author successfully combines geographical structure of locality and suitable historical period with a legitimacy of day and night, and an accuracy as in an almanac, through his narrative style.
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These local industries must have depended on imported raw materials. The other essential product of the Maldives was coir, the fibre of the dried coconut husk. Cured in pits, beaten, spun and then twisted into cordage and ropes, coir's salient quality is its resistance to saltwater. It stitched together and rigged the dhows that plied the Indian Ocean.
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Uragoda is known for his work in Occupational Lung disease caused by dust of chilli, tea, kapok, cinnamon, coir, ilmenite, and activated carbon. He is best known for his paper showing for the first time that skipjack was rich in histamine and that isoniazid prevents its destruction, thus increasing skipjack poisoning in patients being treated for tuberculosis.
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Bhayanakam (English: Fearsome) is a 2018 Malayalam–language Indian period drama film directed by Jayaraj, produced by Sureshkumar Muttath, and stars writer-turned-actor Renji Panicker and Asha Sarath. The film is an adaptation of two chapters from Takazhy Sivasankara Pillai's epic Malayalam novel Coir (1978).P.K. Ajith Kumar (14 April 2018). "Jayaraj basking in hat-trick glory".
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The Dutch Church here in Munroe Island is one of the ancient churches in Kerala. It was built by the Dutch in 1878. The red brick church is a blend of Dutch-Kerala architecture on the scenic banks of Lake Ashtamudi. The villagers depended on coconut coir manufacturing as livelihood, however, post Indian Ocean tsunami, things have changed.
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Chavakkad is an important trading center for copra, coir and fish. The major source of revenue in Chavakkad is repatriated income mainly from the Non-Resident Indians working in the Middle East. The place is called as Mini Gulf. The Rajah Group, owners of famous Kajah Beedi, Rajah Tiles, Rajah Motors has its headquarters in Chavakkad.
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Kelly played an important role in the failed Fenian Rising of 1867 and was arrested.Charles Tansill, America and the Fight For Irish Freedom 1866–1922, Head Books, 2007, , p. 38. He later escaped, and in August 1867, called a secret IRB convention at Manchester, where he was declared Chief Organiser of the Irish Republic (COIR), in succession to Stephens.
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An apprentice upholsterer is sometimes called an outsider or trimmer. Traditional upholstery uses materials like coil springs (post-1850), animal hair (horse, hog and cow), coir, straw and hay, hessians, linen scrims, wadding, etc., and is done by hand, building each layer up. In contrast, today's upholsterers employ synthetic materials like dacron and vinyl, serpentine springs, and so on.
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Potting soil with some coir incorporated is satisfactory for the plant. The plant should be kept moist and fertilized once every two weeks with a weak fertilizer during the growing season. The plants should be kept warm, and in bright light or light shade. After the growing season, the tubers can be lifted and stored like dahlias.
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The various denominations of modern Saint Thomas Christians ascribe their unwritten tradition to the end of the 2nd century and believe that Thomas landed at Maliankara near Madaplathuruth village in Paravur Taluk in AD 52. Olden times Madaplathuruth was known for coir products and handloom clothes. But nowadays it is well known by the marble and granite showrooms.
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Madaplathuruth village is larger village and a thickly populated area between Thuruthippuram and Moothakunnam was known for coir products. Most of the people were connected with this small scale industry. The rest of the people were engaged in Khadi cloth manufacturing, handloom and building construction fields. Now this place is known for the showrooms of marbles and granites.
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In the past, most of the men were coir, khadi workers but now, most of the village's population is employed in the construction, and marble industry and also few people are in abroad( mainly in Gulf) and in IT industries(Bangalore, Hyderabad,and Mumbai. A family's average income is about four to ten dollars per day.
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The town's name derives from "Vaval Kadu" (literally, "forest of bats"). It was part of Thiruvithamkoor (Travancore) province before the reunion of states. Vavakkad was the first village in Kerala to give a monthly pension to senior citizens above 70 years of age. Once famous for the production of coir, this industry is now in decline.
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The remaining four members were co-opted. The Supreme Council elected three of its members to the executive, which consisted of a president, secretary, and a treasurer. The Council met twice a year, usually in the spring and the summer. In Manchester August 1867 Thomas Kelly was declared Chief Organiser of the Irish Republic (COIR), in succession to Stephens.
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In earlier time, people were employed on meager wages here. The main means of livelihood was to work in coir industry and work in ships. But after the arrival of Cochin Port 80% of people got permanent jobs there. The companies like Tata Group centred there work at Kochi also created job opportunities in 19th and 20th centuries.
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At first it was made from channel tracks, which were later covered with soil so that carriers could run over them. But rain on 26 March turned this into slippery mud and the soil had to be scraped off again and replaced with coir matting and Sommerfeld tracking.Pakenham-Walsh, Vol IX, pp. 489–90.Saunders, p. 65.
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Vellimon is a village situated in Perinad panchayath of Kollam district in Kerala, India. It is situated around 13 km away from district headquarters. Vellimon is a peninsular landmass of laterite soil that is protruding into Ashtamudi lake the peninsula is having a 20 metre high nearly continuous cliff facing backwaters. Farming, fishing and coir manufacturing are major activity in Vellimon.
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He served as President of several community bodies, including the Kerala Karshaka Thozhilali Federation, Kerala Coir Thozhilali Federation, Kerala Hospital Employees Association and Kerala Transport Employees Union. He also served as for two terms as a Senate member of Kerala University. P.S. Sreenivasan died on 9 July 1997. The Kerala Assembly paid its homage to him on 14 July 1997.
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Guhagar is a census city in Ratnagiri district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Guhagar is known for its virgin beach, coir items, coconuts, betel nuts and mainly Haapus Alphonso mangoes. The nearest city and railhead is Chiplun, about away. The economy of Guhagar boomed after the Dabhol Power Company, a few kilometres north was commissioned in the early 1990s.
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The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) found in most regions of the country is called "Kalpavriksha", as every part of it is useful in one way or the other. The coconut water inside the nut is a delicious drink. In dried form it is called copra and is used to manufacture oil. The coconut husk, called coir, is used to make rope.
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As the weevil prefers to lay its eggs in softer tissues, avoiding mechanical damage to plants can help to reduce infestation. Tarring wounds after pruning a plant of dead or old leaves can also reduce the probability of infestation. The movement of plant material such as husks, dead leaves, or untreated coir from infested to uninfested areas is not recommended.
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The main industry here is based on the products from the humble coconut tree. The coconut oil is used for cooking, as hair oil and in manufacture of soap. The coir extracted from the husk of the coconut tree is used for making rope, door mats, carpets and as protection against soil erosion. Fishing and allied industries is another major source of livelihood.
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During this time, Bombay's main trade was coconuts and coir. After Antonio Pessoa's death in 1571, a patent was issued which granted Mazagaon in perpetuity to the Sousa e Lima family. The St. Andrew Church at Bandra was built in 1575. The annexation of Portugal by Spain in 1580 opened the way for other European powers to follow the spice routes to India.
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Nearly 1,00,000 people live in the village. The main occupation in Kumbalangy is fishing, and there are over 100 Chinese nets in the backwaters that face the village. Groves of mangroves separate the land from the water, providing a breeding ground for prawns, crabs, oysters and small fishes. It is home to fishermen, farmers, labourers, toddy tappers and coir spinners.
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Kottayil Kovilakam at Chendamangalam, which was the seat of Kshatriya chieftains of Villarvattom is situated near the ancient Kunnathuthali temple. Chendamangalam is an important center of hand loom weaving and coir manufacturing. Near the Krishna temple on one side tipu sultans cave and on either side Arabs cemetery. On the riverside a group of huge rocks known as 'ANAPARA' is the main highlight.
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He has also been a member of the All India Working Committee of CITU since 1979, and has served as the Thiruvananthapuram District President of CITU. Anandan was elected as the General Secretary of the Kerala Coir Workers Centre (CITU) in 1973. After serving as the General Secretary of the Centre, Mr. Anandan was elected President, succeeding Dr. T.M. Thomas Isaac in 2017.
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Tensile testing on a coir composite. Specimen size is not to standard (Instron). Tensile testing, also known as tension testing, is a fundamental materials science and engineering test in which a sample is subjected to a controlled tension until failure. Properties that are directly measured via a tensile test are ultimate tensile strength, breaking strength, maximum elongation and reduction in area.
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Lakshadweep's gross territorial domestic product for 2004 is estimated at US$ 60 million at current prices. There is little economic inequality in Lakshadweep and the poverty index is low. Coconut fibre extraction and production of fibre products is Lakshadweep's main industry. There are five coir fibre factories, five production demonstration centres and seven fibre curling units run by the government of India.
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He was a well dedicated organizer of coir factory workers at the age of 16 under A.K. Gopalan and A.V. Kunjambu. Even though V.S. Achuthanandan lacked formal education, he was noted for his simplicity, dedication and deep reading. He was initiated into the political movement by P. Krishna Pillai. Later he participated in the freedom movement and the Communist Movement.
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The festival starts with kuthira (horse) game and ends next day with Theru (Ratham), a decoration by Mudaliar tamils of Palappuram, and the procession of 16 models of the kuthira (horse) and the kaala (bull) brought ceremoniously to the temple by devotees. Unlike other Ratham in Tamil Nadu or Kalpathy, this is not pulled by Vatam (coir) and runs on wooden wheel.
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Unlike synthetic fishing nets, biodegradable fishing nets decompose naturally under water after a certain period of time. Coconut fibre (coir) fishing nets are commercially made and are hence a practical solution that can be taken by fishermen.Biodegradable fishing nets: advantagesCoir fishing nets Technology systems, for marking and tracking fishing gear, including GPS tracking, are being trailed to promote greater accountability and transparency.
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Oommen Chandy was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Kerala on 31 August 2004 after the controversial resignation of A. K. Antony on 29 August. Gowri Amma served as the Minister of Agriculture, Soil Conservation, Soil Survey, Warehousing Corporation, Diary Development, Milk Co-operatives, Agricultural University, Animal Husbandry, Coir in the first Oommen Chandy ministry ( 31 August 2004 – 12 May 2006 ) also.
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Coir is often used in place of string. Throughout the Pacific, some jewellery pieces are more common than others. For example, necklaces, earrings and headdresses of different sorts are all very common items used by Polynesians to adorn themselves. Some pieces, such as the wearing of masks, are only apparent in certain areas, such as Micronesia and with the aborigines of Australia.
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After the British were reestablished in the area, Moosa benefited from the declining fortunes of local aristocracies and the difficulties they faced in the changing landscape of British rule. For example, he was the mortgagee of valuable coir assets owned by Junumabe, the Bibi of Arakkal and her family on the Lakshadweep Islands.A.P. Ummer Kutty, Keyi Charitram, Thalassery, 1916, pp. 106-107.
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Bharathan was born to Vadakkekarayil Kochannan Koran and Kurumbakutty in 1929 at Vavakkad, Moothakunnam in North Paravoor, Cochin. He went to S.N.M. High School, Moothakunnam but, had to discontinue his studies when his father died. His father was a coconut plucker and mother was a coir maker. His father died when he was very young and his mother took care of him.
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The event is a tremendous success with tourists and the local population alike. The boat cruise along the backwaters of Alappuzha gives one a first hand experience of the lifestyle; toddy tapping, fishing for small fry, Coir-making, prawn farming etc., which remains more or less unchanged over the years. The Revi Karunakaran Memorial Museum features displays of art and artifacts.
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He brought the whole area of the island Pathiramanal under coconut cultivation and large tracts under paddy cultivation. The role of Velu Thampi Dalava in the development of Alappuzha is worth mentioning. In the 19th century the district attained progress in all spheres. The first modern factory for the manufacture of coir mats and mattings was also established in 1859 at Alappuzha.
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Moving to the village of Panmana, he started trading in coir products and it was in 1930, he married Gomathy Amma. When the coir industry went through a lean period during the World War II, he quit trading and returned to teaching, this time at the local school in Thazhava village. It was during this time, Pillai, along with M. P. Paul, worked towards forming a co-operative for writers and in 1945, with a capital of 120, they registered the Sahitya Pravarthaka Sahakarana Sangham (SPCS - Writers' Cooperative Society) with Paul and Pillai as the president and the secretary of the society, respectively. He held the position of the secretary for two decades and when he relinquished the position in 1965, the society had already made a mark in the publishing sector, with the integration of National Book Stall in 1949.
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Marianad and the neighbouring villages had trade connections with various Arab countries such as Saudi Arabia and the UAE from the 19th century onwards. Until recently, coir and allied industries helped people to generate their source of income. Now this industry in Marianad is struggling for survival. Various steps have been taken by authorities to bring back the old glory of this traditional industry.
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Kadinamkulam and the neighbouring villages had trade connections with various Arab countries such as Saudi Arabia and the UAE from the 19th century onwards. Until recently, coir and fishing industries helped people to generate their source of income. Now this industry in Kadinamkulam is struggling for survival. Various steps have been taken by authorities to bring back the old glory of this traditional industry.
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Missisauga: Canadian Heritage Gallery, Copyright © 1991, 1992 and 1993. 384-85. Print. Vi-Spring moved to Ernesettle, Plymouth in the Southwest of England, in 1971. Early description of Vispring mattress. Vispring beds are handmade using natural materials such as wool, cotton, horsehair, coir, silk, cashmere, mohair and alpaca fleece rather than synthetic materials and foam. The “VI” in Vispring stands for the Roman numeral 6.
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He led struggles of coir, textile, plantation workers, amongst other. He was district secretary and later state secretary of the CITU Transport Workers' Federation. He would also become Vice President of the All India Plantation Workers Federation. In 1978 he was elected to the CPI(M) Tamil Nadu State Committee, and in 2005 he was included in the Tamil Nadu state secretariat of the party.
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The holder of this office held monopolies in the exports of ivory, coir and a resin referred to as 'breu' and which is assumed to be gum copal. They also held monopolies in the import of Indian cotton goods and it is also thought that the holder might have had monopolies on the export of Ambegris. The monopoly exercised did not extend beyond these articles.
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This initiative to bring up working class as an independent class force prepared the ground for propagating Communist ideas. During this period coir workers in Travancore got organized and achieved strength. In Kochi organizations like Cochin Sterling Workers’ Union were being formed. Labour brotherhood and trade unions of Alagappa Textiles and Sitaram Mills were formed. In 1937 second All Kerala Workers’ Conference was held at Thrissur.
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C. P. Radhakrishnan (born 1957) is an Indian politician. He is from the Bharatiya Janata Party and was elected to the Lok Sabha twice from Coimbatore. He is also the former state president of the party for Tamil Nadu. Presently he is the National Executive Member of the Bharatiya Janata Party & he was the Chairman of Coir Board from 2016-19 , which comes under Ministry of MSME.
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These pictures typically depict abstract and realistic depictions of plant life, shells, fish, turtles, and hibiscus flowers. The siapo may be used for clothing, for wrapping objects and even simply for decorative reasons. Ornaments, jewellery and hair accessories are made from naturally occurring materials such as sea shells, coconut and coir. Traditional Samoan medicine is often practiced as a first-line before hospital medicine.
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In the 19th century the district saw progress in many spheres. One of the five subordinate courts opened in the state in connection with the reorganization of the judicial system by Colonel George Monro was located at Mavelikkara. The first post office and first telegraph office in the former Travancore state were established in this district. The first manufacturing factory for the coir mats was established in 1859.
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Trade involved mainly cowrie shells and coir fiber. The Maldives had and abundant supply of cowrie shells, a form of currency that was widely used throughout Asia and parts of the East African coast since ancient times. Shell currency imported from the Maldives was used as legal tender in the Bengal Sultanate and Mughal Bengal, alongside gold and silver. The Maldives received rice in exchange for cowry shells.
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Compost can be used as an additive to soil, or other matrices such as coir and peat, as a tilth improver, supplying humus and nutrients. It provides a rich growing medium as absorbent material (porous). This material contains moisture and soluble minerals, which provides support and nutrients. Although it is rarely used alone, plants can flourish from mixed soil, sand, grit, bark chips, vermiculite, perlite, or clay granules to produce loam.
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The people of Colachel do a variety of jobs based on their backgrounds. This includes fishing with catamarans, deep sea fishing with mechanized boats, exporting fish, coconut fibre production, fibre works, coir making, palm fibre works, selling general merchandise, agriculture, etc. There used to be a factory for manufacturing fibre based products (Thumbaabees) but is closed now. Also there is a nearby natural mineral extraction factory called Indian Rare Earths Limited.
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The panchayat is witnessing a flurry of developmental activities with the advent of technical and educational institutions like the Fashion Technology Institute, Kerala Institute of Management, the Technolodge Rural IT park, and the Perumon Co-operative Engineering college are some of them apart from the private sector educational institutions. Perinad was once a centre of Coir industry in Kollam which flourished along the backwater shores of the region.
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The main landmark of Veroor is the Mini industrial estate(MIE). MIE consists of around 20 Small Scale Industries(SSI) or units. The units in the MIE formed a consortium, approved by Government of India, to help each other in buying raw materials and selling their finished goods in bulk. Most of the units are manufacturing Rubber Products(Hollow mats, Coir Mats, Rice Polishers, Soles, Cycle tubes, etc.).
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Kasargod in north Kerala is a backwater destination, known for rice cultivation, coir processing and lovely landscape, it has the sea to the west and the Western Ghats to the north and east. Cruise options are Chandragiri and Valiyaparamba near Kavvayi Backwater. Chandragiri has situated 4 km to the southeast of Kasargod town and takes tourists to the historic Chandragiri fort. Valiyaparamba is a scenic backwater stretch near Kasargod.
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Kerala Legislative Assembly. Ministers' Book - Down the Years V. P. Krishna Pillai held the post as Kollam District Committee secretary of RSP. He has served as member of the National Committee and Kerala State Secretariat of RSP, and edited the party fortnightly Pravaham. Other posts held by him include director of the Kerala State Co-operative Bank, the Kerala State Warehousing Corporation and the Kerala State Coir Marketing Federation.
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The different fibers constitute the carpet’s velvet. They have a direct impact on the physical properties of the floor they are covering such as resistance or longevity. There are three types of fiber: natural, coming from animals (wool), vegetable (seagrass, coir, sisal) and synthetic (polyamide or polypropylene). The wool was used for weaving carpets more than five centuries B.C before being predominantly used in the raw carpets' manufacture.
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This was because of the good timber in the Kerala forests, the availability of good coir rope, and the skilled carpenters who specialized in ship building. In former times, the sheathing planks of a dhow's hull were held together by coconut rope. Beypore dhows are known as 'Uru' in Malayalam, the local language of Kerala. Settlers from Yemen, known as 'Baramis', are still active in making urus in Kerala.
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Mangalorean firms have a major presence in the tile, beedi, coffee and cashew nut industries although the tile industry has declined because concrete is preferred in modern construction. The Albuquerque tile factory in Mangalore is one of India's oldest red-roof-tile manufacturing factories. The city's suburb Ullal produces hosiery and coir yarns while beedi rolling is an important source of revenue to many of the city's residents.
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Kollam is the fourth largest city in Kerala and the fifth largest in terms of corporation area. It is known for cashew processing and coir manufacturing. Ashtamudi Lake is considered the southern gateway to the backwaters of Kerala and is a prominent tourist destination at Kollam. The Kollam urban area includes suburban towns such as Paravur in the south, Kundara in the east and Karunagapally in the north of the city.
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Revi Karunakaran was the architect of a modernized Coir industry that still employs more than 500,000 people in the state of Kerala. The objects displayed at the Museum were collected by his family over three generations and feature unique artistic pieces from all parts of the world. Alappuzha, the district headquarters, is a town with picturesque canals, backwaters and lagoons, was described as the "Venice of the East" by Lord Curzon.
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Even today it retains its charm as the center for the Coir carpet industry and prawn farming. Alappuzha, the ideal headquarters for backwater tourism, as well as for visits to the church-filled town of Kottayam and the town of Aranmula, which are known for their historic annual Aranmula Snake Boat Race. Chengannur, in Alappuzha, is the nearest railway station to Sabarimala. The Krishnapuram Palace is in Kayamkulam.
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Design, carpentry, fellmongery, upholstery and colouring are the main crafts involved in the manufacture of a club armchair. Each chair is a product of all this combined expertise. The club armchair first appeared at the start of the 20th century, with the application of a new padding technique, using double conical springs not only in the seat cushion but also in the backrest and armrests. Coir filling supplemented the suppleness of these springs.
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Houseplants are generally grown in specialized soils called potting compost or potting soil, not in local natural soil. A good potting compost mixture includes soil conditioners to provide the plant with nutrients, support, adequate drainage, and proper aeration. Most potting composts contain a combination of peat and vermiculite or perlite. Concern over environmental damage to peat bogs, however, is leading to the replacement of peat by coir (coconut fibre), which is a sustainable resource.
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In captivity, C. cranwelli, C. ornata and C. cornuta are the most popular species, along with the "fantasy frog", a captive-produced hybrid between C. cranwelli and C. cornuta. These frogs can live in a 10-gallon aquarium for their entire lives. They thrive best with a shallow bowl of water, loose moist substrate (like coco coir), and hiding places. They will commonly cover themselves with substrate or just sit contentedly in the water.
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This cracker is handled with a long rope and rotated over the head clockwise, anti-clockwise, zig zag and any other pattern to make the display more fun. To maintain safety, the ropes used are either coir rope or jute rope. While rotating the ignited set-up of this cracker with the wind makes the charcoal to burn and split into small pieces which falls down. This burning effect can be compared with Chimney starter.
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After much experimentation, Bartholomew concluded that his formulation of 1/3 peat moss or coconut coir, 1/3 vermiculite and 1/3 blended compost yielded superior results in only a depth. The benefits of the mix included keeping soil friable and virtually weed free with all the necessary nutrients. This mix eliminated the need for artificial fertilizer as compost is added each time you re-plant a square which provides enough nutrients naturally.
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After stopping at the coir mill, he joined a group of fishermen in Kukulawa, Trincomalee, where he joined a fishing group at the village Alambala, 24 miles from Mullaitivu. After few months, he joined to a tobacco store in Hiriyale with a friend and worked as a cook. Later, he worked as a "kankanam" in a garden in Puttalam. During this period, he used to learn English and cookery from a tamil teacher.
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In principle, any plant fibers can be considered as raw material. However, bast fibers of annuals (flax, hemp, jute, kenaf et al.) are preferred. Appropriate are stem fibers of perennial plants (nettle, ramie), leaf fibers (sisal, abaca, cabuja, curaua) plus seed and fruit fibers (cotton, kapok, coir). In contrast, the application of the Setralit technique to herbage (bamboo, miscanthus, bagasse, cereal, rice and corn straw) and wood has only been explored rudimentarily.
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He was elected Vice President of All Travancore Coir Factory Worker's Union and was fined Rs.1000 and imprisoned for two years for allegedly making provocative speeches at Punnapra which resulted in mass rebellion. Disillusioned by the Congress, Thampi joined the Communist Party of India in 1947 just like other prominent leaders like E.M.S. Namboodiripad. He became part of the Executive Council and was the District Secretary of the party in Kayamkulam.
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Anathalavattom Anandan an Indian politician, a trade unionist and a member of CPI(M). He is the President of the Kerala State Committee and national Vice President of the Centre of Indian Trade Unions and the State Secretariat Member of the CPI(M) Kerala State Committee. Anandan is also the President of Kerala Coir Workers Centre. He was elected to the Kerala Legislative Assembly from Attingal constituency thrice, in 1987, 1996 and 2006.
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Vembanad Kol Wetland was included in the list of wetlands of international importance, as defined by the Ramsar Convention for the conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands. It is home to more than 20,000 waterfowls - the third largest such population in India. It is also an ideal habitat for shrimps. Major livelihood activities of the people living on the shores of the lake include agriculture, fishing, tourism, inland navigation, coir retting, lime shell collection.
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His grave is located on the island of Andrott. During the 11th century, the islands came under the rule of the Late Cholas and subsequently the Kingdom of Cannanore. In the 16th century, the Portuguese ruled the seas between Ormuz and the Malabar Coast and south to Ceylon. As early as 1498, they took control of the archipelago (called Laquedivas by them), later on to exploit coir production, until the islanders expelled them in 1545.
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As development continues, cellular layers of endosperm deposit along the walls of the coconut, becoming the edible coconut "flesh". Coconuts sold in the shops of nontropical countries often have had the exocarp (outermost layer) removed. The mesocarp is composed of a fiber, called coir, which has many traditional and commercial uses. The shell has three germination pores (micropyles) or "eyes" that are clearly visible on its outside surface once the husk is removed.
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The Philippines has an abundant supply of biomass resources including agricultural crop residues, forest residues, animal wastes, agro-industrial wastes, municipal solid wastes and aquatic biomass. The most common agricultural wastes are rice hull, bagasse, coconut shell/husk and coconut coir. According to DOE, based on the information from Department of Agriculture and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the Philippines could produce substantial volumes of residue which could be used as fuel.
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After his father's demise in 1952, Karunakaran took the reins of the companies at the young age of twenty. He was the chairman of the Karan group, which includes companies such as Kerala Balers, William Goodacre and Company and Alleppey Company, all leading coir export houses. For maintaining and expanding the business he travelled across the globe often. He represented India in various International forums like FAO, International Trade Centre, UNCTAD etc.
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He has been actively involved in social and political activities. He became the member of Communist Party of India (Marxist) in 1975. In 1979, he was elected to the panchayath and was the President of Cheruvannur-Nallalam Gram panchayat until it was dissolved by the State Government in 1984. During the same time, he was the director of Feroke Service Co-operative Bank Limited and the President of the Coir Vyavasaya Sahakarana Samkham.
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He came to active politics through the Student movement of Kerala Students Union. He was elected to the Kerala Legislative Assembly consecutively from Konni Constituency in 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016 General Elections as a candidate of Indian National Congress. He served as the Minister of Health and Coir in the Oommen Chandy Ministry from 2011 to 2012. Later in the cabinet reshuffle, he was made the minister of land revenue on 2012 .
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The name Onambalam is derived from two Malayalam words ഒന്നു (Onnu – One) അമ്പലം (Ambalam – Temple). The place got this name, since there was a milestone indicating it is one mile away from Chittumala Durga Devi Temple. It was an important coir and cashew trading centre, and there was a boat service to Kollam originating from here. As inland water transport lost prominence harbor was abandoned, but certain steps are made to improve inland navigation.
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Vallikavu is a small village in Kollam District of Kerala. Vallikavu is chiefly inhabited by Farmers and Craftsmen who were traditional Canoe builders, skilled at making Changadam vallam (the present House-Boats) using planks and coir ropes to tie the planks together and coating the Vallam with melted pith. The people of the village are very industrious and are good at various skills. The Vallam making artisans have died and with the advent of motor transport the industry died.
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The women used to collectively manufacture coir from the coconut, while few were engaged in making Mats out of Screw Pine. The community and is located about north-west of Karunagappally and north of Kollam. People of this village are literate and have contributed to the armed services, as many of them have worked in various armed forces for the country. Vallikavu became world famous by the birth of Matha Amritananthamayi Devi,the Hindu spiritual leader.
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There are many from this village employed abroad. The western part of Tonse has a number of educational institutions providing literacy and career opportunities, as a result of which people from this rural place are employed in all the parts of the world. Agriculture, fishing, lime- shell mining and coir industry are the main source of livelihood of people in this region. Rice is the staple food of the population, whereas coconut is the commercial crop.
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The Middle English merger of the vowels with the spellings and affects all modern varieties of English and makes words like sour and hour, which originally had one syllable, have two syllables and thus rhyme with power. In accents that lack the merger, sour has one syllable, and power has two syllables. Similar mergers also occur in which 'hire' gains a syllable, making it homophonous with 'higher', and 'coir' gains a syllable, making it homophonous with 'coyer'.
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It was followed by Toyo Engei and Hana in 1907. The initial issue of Bonsai magazine was published in 1921 by Norio Kobayashi (1889–1972), and this influential periodical would run for 518 consecutive issues. Modern bonsai tools (left to right): leaf trimmer; rake with spatula; root hook; coir brush; concave cutter; knob cutter; wire cutter; small, medium and large shears Bonsai shaping aesthetics, techniques, and tools became increasingly sophisticated as bonsai's popularity grew in Japan.
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Thursday Weekly Market is main squares of the town, people gathering in the square, all surrounding village Farmers directly and general public will meet at one point, to Buy and Sell commodity. commodities of groceries,Agricultural products,Best Quality Coir fibres, and small shops for spicy foods like masala poori, fried mushrooms, noodles etc., Kamaraj Daily Market available near Bus stand, for getting all kinds of vegetables. some Super Market store also available inside the town.
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Kinbidhoo is a lively island with a certain uniqueness to it. The people of the island carry out the traditional activities of thatch making and coir rope producing. All the raw materials required for this, such as dry coconut palm leaves and coconut husks are obtained from nearby islands or from Kinbidhoo itself. In addition, some islanders go to the reef to collect exotic sea cucumbers which are then treated and sent to the capital island for exportation.
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The oldest Latin inscriptions of the district are C.I.L. ix. 3521, from Furfo with Sullan alphabet, and 3574, "litteris antiquissimis," but with couraverunt, a form which, as intermediate between coir- or coer- and cur-, cannot be earlier than 100 BC. The latter inscription contains also the forms magisterles (nom. p1.) and ueci (gen. sing.), which show that the Latin first spoken by the Vestini was not that of Rome, but that of their neighbours the Marsi and Aequi.
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Coir does provide a suitable substrate for horticultural use as a soilless potting medium. The material's high lignin content is longer-lasting, holds more water, and does not shrink off the sides of the pot when dry allowing for easier rewetting. This light media has advantages and disadvantages that can be corrected with the addition of the proper amendment such as coarse sand for weight in interior plants like Draceana. Nutritive amendments should also be considered.
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Set of bonsai tools (left to right): leaf trimmer; rake with spatula; root hook; coir brush; concave cutter; knob cutter; wire cutter; small, medium and large shears Special tools are available for the maintenance of bonsai. The most common tool is the concave cutter (5th from left in picture), a tool designed to prune flush, without leaving a stub. Other tools include branch bending jacks, wire pliers and shears of different proportions for performing detail and rough shaping.
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Revi Karunakaran was born in Alleppey (erstwhile Travancore state, British India) on 22 November 1931 in an aristocratic family. His grand father, Krishnan Muthalaly, was the first Indian to put up a handloom factory to export Coir products, which was a monopoly of European Companies till then. Karunakaran's father, KC Karunakaran, after graduating from Birmingham University, UK, did his Masters from Heidelberg University, Germany, and later married Margret, a lady from Berlin, Germany. Karunakaran had an elder sister, Leela.
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Kochi is home to the International Pepper Exchange, where black pepper is globally traded. The Spices Board of India is also headquartered at Kochi. The Cochin fishing harbour, located at Thoppumpady is a major fishing port in the state and supplies fish to the local and export markets. Central Government establishments like the Coconut Development Board, the Coir Board, the Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA) and the Spices Board are also located in the city.
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As part of the industry sector development plans of Kollam district, an IT Park would be setting up at Paravur Municipal area in an extent of 5 acres of land. The land can be acquired with the assistance of Land Use Board or Paravur Municipality. rail- Road linkages will be established. The Government also have plans to set up a Coir manufacturing unit and a Handloom unit at Paravur and considering the possibilities for setting up a food park also.
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Revi Karunakaran Memorial Museum is a privately owned museum located at Alappuzha, Kerala, India that displays decorative art and artifacts, including a large private collection of Swarovski crystals and ivory. Revi Karunakaran was the architect of the modernized coir industry of Kerala. After Revi's death in 2003, his wife Betty Karan built this museum in his memory. The objects displayed at this museum were collected by his family over three generations and feature unique artistic pieces from across the world.
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In cultivation, D. pinguicula, like most xerophytic plants, grows best in porous, well drained soil. Excessive watering will cause the fleshy roots to rot, so it is essential that the soil is allowed to dry sufficiently between waterings. Many growers prefer a coarse potting mix consisting of a combination of inorganic and organic ingredients. Gravel, perlite, vermiculite, and decomposed granite are commonly used to add weight and improve drainage, while bark chips and coconut coir or husks are used for moisture retention.
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The episode, usually known as "of Inês de Castro", is one of the most famous of Os Lusíadas (canto iii, stanzas 118–135). It is normally classified as a lyric, thus distinguishing it from the more common war episodes. The episode discusses destiny, and leads the action to its tragic end, even something close to the coir (apostrophes). The nobility of the characters is also emphasised, in a way that is intended to create feelings of sympathy when the protagonist suffers.
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Petronet India has now almost completed Kochi LNG Terminal, for importing and storing natural gas, for energy and fuelling needs. Central Government establishments like the Coconut Development Board, the Coir Board and the Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA) have head offices located in the city. Kalamassery which is situated around 16.5 km from the City Center is one of the major Industrial areas. Leading factories like FACT, HMT and IT/Biotechnology park like KINFRA Hi-Tech Park are located here.
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The coir fibre is elastic enough to twist without breaking and it holds a curl as though permanently waved. Twisting is done by simply making a rope of the hank of fibre and twisting it using a machine or by hand. The longer bristle fibre is washed in clean water and then dried before being tied into bundles or hanks. It may then be cleaned and 'hackled' by steel combs to straighten the fibres and remove any shorter fibre pieces.
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Coconut fibre (coir) is also using as a construction material because Fibres which are eco friendly, pollution free and do not adverse impact on the environment and its constituents are called natural fibres. However, much emphasis has not been given, to the utilization and usage of these fibres. On the contrary, when these natural fibres are burnt as waste, it causes pollution and impacts on environment unfavorably. If these material fibres are used in construction materials, it could save the bio-reserves.
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The story revolves around Pavithran (Mammootty), who lost his parents in his childhood. He enters the police force by chance, though it is not his ambition to do so. Pavithran lands up in Alappuzha (Alappuzha incidentally is attributed to the sobriquet, Venice of the East) disguised as a merchant to investigate the murder of a union leader named Ajayan (Biju Menon). Another character is Ammu (Kavya Madhavan), who is the leader of the union of coir workers and is in love with Pavithran.
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Aquaria and plastic tubs are often used for younger tortoises, while a "tortoise table" (similar to shelf- less bookcase lying on its back), indoor minigreenhouse, or large indoor pen can be used for larger tortoises or groups of tortoises. An indoor habitat should be lined with a substrate such as hardwood mulches (like cypress), coconut coir, soil and sand mixes, or some combination. A hide and water dish are necessary, and live or silk plants also help.Ebenhack, p. 57-61.
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The water for use is stored in a plastic tank kept at the top portion of the main body connecting to the kitchen and toilets. The pipes, tank and other synthetic materials are covered with coir or panambu to maintain the aesthetic quality of the eco-friendly materials. Modern houseboats have been designed to meet the Green Palm/Gold Star Certifications by the Department of Tourism, Government of Kerala, which has recently enacted regulations, stipulating the standards of Kerala houseboats or Kettuvallams.
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In 1950, a Road Transport Corporation Act was passed by the Central Government which delegated powers to states to form their individual road transport corporations with the Central Government contributing one-third of the capital. The Bombay State Road Transport Corporation (BSRTC) thus came into being, later changing its name to MSRTC with the re-organization of the state. The ST started with 30 Bedford buses having wooden bodies, coir seats. The fare charged on the Pune-Nagar route was nine paisa.
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The small statue of the god is carved from highly polished ironwood (Casuarina equisetifolia). Shown standing upright, small anthropomorphic figurines are carved in high relief around the chest and arms. Coir bindings along the arm cover remains of a cloth and feathers that would have once been worn by the deity. The exact meaning and name of this masculine idol remains unknown but, based on its artistic style (particularly the distinctive formation of the eyes), it has been attributed to a workshop on the island of Rarotonga.
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This center is a Production and Training center aimed at upgrading the livelihood skills of rural artisans and youth in the non-farm sector. This includes Pottery, Carpentry, Forging and coir fibre product manufacturing. Research and Development in Appropriate Technology Research, development and technology transfer programs concentrate on water & sanitation, low-cost construction technology, development of artisan tools and machinery and natural dye. Mitraniketan has a Core-Support group of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), and the Technology Resource Center of CAPART.
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In more recent times, agricultural efforts have been strengthened with the reclamation of some backwater lands for rice growing, particularly in the Kuttanad area. Boat-making has been a traditional craft, so has been the coir industry. Paddy fields in the Kuttanad region Kuttanad region is crisscrossed with waterways that run alongside extensive paddy fields, as well as fields of cassava, banana and yam. The crops are grown on the low-lying ground and irrigated with fresh water from the canal and waterways connected to Vembanad lake.
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Kilwan ships made use of the seasonal monsoon winds to sail across to India in the summer, and back to Africa in the winter. Kilwan pilots had a reputation for extraordinary sailing accuracy. The Portuguese marveled at their navigational instruments, particularly their latitude staves, which they considered superior to their own. Nonetheless, the coir-sewn Kilwan ships were not seaworthy enough to brave the treacherous waters and unpredictable violent gusts around Cape Correntes, so the entire region south of that point was rarely sailed by Kilwan merchants.
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A wide variety of materials have been described as soil conditioners due to their ability to improve soil quality. Some examples include biochar, bone meal, blood meal, coffee grounds, compost, compost tea, coir, manure, straw, peat, sphagnum moss, vermiculite, sulfur, lime, hydroabsorbant polymers, and biosolids. Many soil conditioners come in the form of certified organic products, for people concerned with maintaining organic crops or organic gardens. Soil conditioners of almost every description are readily available from online stores or local nurseries as well as garden supply stores.
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Ramesh Pai was a member of an Industrial Delegation to Japan & South East Asian Countries in 1953, leader of the Study Team sponsored by Coir Board visiting East Africa, Ethiopia and Sudan in 1968, was member of an Indian Trade Delegation to Italy in 1970. He also visited Russia, East European Countries in 1961, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and most of the European Countries and South America. Coffee marketing delegation to Germany, Switzerland, Italy and UK (1997).
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He was an active member of Indian National Congress from his younger days and had also served as the D.C.C. President and Kerala PCC Secretary. He was at different times, President, Kerala State Co-operative Coir Marketing Federation , Kerala State Co-operative Bank, Alleppey District Co-operative Bank and Kumaran Asan Memorial High School, Pallana. He was elected to the Kerala Legislative Assembly from Kayamkulam Constituency in 1980,1982 and 1991 General Elections. Served as the Minister for Finance in 1986 in the Cabinet of K. Karunakaran.
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A facility for the manufacture of woven coir products in Alleppey, a coastal town and the centre for the industry in Travancore, was established by an American, James Darragh, in 1859. Such operations were mostly in the hands of local entrepreneurs of the famous Ezhava caste, who are held in myth to have brought coconut palms to the region from Sri Lanka when they migrated and for whom the tending of those palms was a traditional caste occupation, or avakasam. Export of products, however, was controlled by traders from Europe. The industry grew significantly in the years immediately after World War I, leading to what Robin Jeffrey has described as "a unique dilemma in twentieth-century Kerala: a shortage of labour" and to a significant recruitment campaign. Those who came to work in the industry, which was largely financed by the British and relied more on cottage workers than factory employment, Those circumstances became poor when financial promises made by those who had recruited them were abandoned from 1931 onwards, with the onset of the Great Depression causing a plummet in the price of coir flooring products and the wages paid to produce them.
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The State's inland waterways pass through highly populated regions - the grand yet to completed discontinuous West Coast Canal (WCC). The majority of those inhabiting the region were engaged in traditional industries such as coir, cashew, brick-making and fishing. Any attempt to develop the inland waterways will favourably impact the well-being of these people. Also along with the Thiruvananthapuram–Kasargode Semi High Speed Rail Corridor and National Highway 66 Kanyakumari to Mumbai (Trivandrum - Kasaragod stretch in Kerala) WCC will complete a network of multimodal north south corridor across Kerala.
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In the first match against Punjab they were nearly forced to follow on after Fazal took 5/58. The fifth and final match of the tour was against a Pakistan side on a coir matting wicket at Karachi, Fazal exploited the surface to return figures of 6/40 in the MCC's first innings. The hosts went on to win by four wickets, a victory that played a large part in Pakistan gaining Test status. Pakistan were made Test members on 28 July 1952, less than five years after independence.
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Deceptively simple wooden winches called davars and long wooden handles called kazhas work wonders as winches, and a network of steel wires and thick coir ropes transmit torque and rotation as smoothly as any high-end machinery. Traditionally the domain of Moplah Muslims, Hindus and even Christians have since joined the cadres of this exclusive band of muscular, energetic men who trace their lineage a long way into the past. History Of Beypore Beypore was a center of overseas commerce since ancient times. It was also a center of shipbuilding industry.
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A man collecting coconuts in Kerala Coconut production in Kerala, a state situated on the southwestern coast of India, plays an important role in the economy and culture of the region. Kerala is actually named after the coconut tree with "Kera" meaning Coconut tree and "Alam" meaning land so means "Land of Coconut Trees". Various terms like copra and coir are derived from the native Malayalam language. By the late 1970s it accounted for some 68% of total production in India and at one stage some 899,198 hectares were reportedly under cultivation.
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Thrissur is known for the power loom industry and the Textile Mills like the Alagappa Textiles in Alagappa Nagar, Kerala Lakshmi Mills at Pullazhi, Rajgopal Textiles at Athani, Sitaram Spinning and Weaving Mills Thrissur, Vanaja Textiles at Kurichikkara(now defunct), Bhagavathy Spinning Mills at Thanikkudam and Kunnath Textiles at Thrissur. Thrissur are engaged in the manufacture of hosiery products. A view from Poomala, mountain The coir and the tile industry offer employment for many people in the district. The first saw mill in the state was erected at Trichur (1905).
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The Travancore Labour Association, which was established in 1922, was the first labour organisation formed in the princely state of Travancore, which now forms a part of the state of Kerala, India. Centred on the coir industry in the town of Alleppey, it grew from being a body intended to serve the needs of one particular factory to one which represented many workers in what was a substantial business sector in the town. It became notable for its involvement in affairs during the Great Depression and for its politicisation by communist activists.
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Gintota is a village situated in Galle District, in the southern part of Sri Lanka. It is located south of Colombo and north-west of Galle and is situated on the left bank of the Gin Ganga, at the river's mouth. The traditional industry in the area was coconut cultivation and the manufacture of coir rope from the fibre of the coconut husk. On 22 November 1941 the government established a plywood factory at Gintota, to manufacture plywood tea chests and other plywood products, as their supply was restricted during the war.
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The usual route of ascent starts from the minor road between Torridon village and Inveralligin, following the route of the Abhainn Coire Mhic Nobuil (a river), before heading up into the corrie of Coir nan Laogh. Steep grassy slopes then lead to the summit of Tom na Gruagaich. The main ridge of Beinn Alligin is then followed round to the north, leading the hillwalker towards Sgùrr Mhòr. Below the summit of this peak is a deep gash in the hillside known as Eag Dubh, the black notch, one of Beinn Alligin's most recognisable features.
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Pillai was born in Pallippuram, a hamlet of Alappuzha in Kerala on 25 May 1931. He was a school drop out after the completion of 4th standard, due to poverty. He engaged in a lot of jobs like Construction Worker, Cook, Bearer in Hotel, Wendor of Peanuts and Pan, Coir Factory Worker, Water Boy in Cochin Harbour, Clerk in Ration Depot, Clerk of Advocate etc. After a long wandering he became a last grade employee on daily wages of Coffee Board's India Coffee House of Ernakulam in 1945.
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Excessive watering will cause the fleshy roots to rot, so it is essential that the soil is allowed to dry sufficiently between waterings. Many growers prefer a coarse potting mix consisting of a combination of inorganic and organic ingredients. Gravel, perlite, vermiculite, and decomposed granite are commonly used to add weight and improve drainage, while bark chips and coconut coir or husks are used for moisture retention. Such a porous mix will prevent over watering and provide ample aeration, but requires more frequent watering to prevent over drying.
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There are no industrial estates in the town and the district – as of 2012, a government proposal is formulated to develop one at Vaippur village. Modern agricultural tools like hullers have replaced labourers and reduce the profit margin of small traders and labourers. There are no co-operative societies who acquire the farm products and the District Purchasing Centre, operated by the government of Tamil Nadu is the major procurer. Being an agricultural town, the predominant industries are agriculture based like modern rice milling, palm oil refinery, poultry, live stock and coir based.
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For seed starting and cuttings, a mix can be made using 40% coconut coir or peat moss with limestone, 40% vermiculite, and 20% sandDIY Potting Soil: 6 Homemade Potting MixesBesides sand, it's also possible to use perlite, using near-similar sized percentages (33%-33%-33%).3-ingredient seed starting mix Plants also require potting soil that is specific for their environment. For example, an African violet would grow better in potting soil containing extra peat moss. Cacti and succulents require sharp drainage, thus requiring a much larger percentage of perlite or sand.
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"Self-contained" composting toilets compost in a container within the toilet unit. They are slightly larger than a flush toilet, but use roughly the same floor space. Some units use fans for aeration, and optionally, heating elements to maintain optimum temperatures to hasten the composting process and to evaporate urine and other moisture. Operators of composting toilets commonly add a small amount of absorbent carbon material (such as untreated sawdust, coconut coir, peat moss) after each use to create air pockets to encourage aerobic processing, to absorb liquid and to create an odor barrier.
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Vaheed entered politics through KSU, the students' wing of Indian National Congress in Kerala. He served as the taluk secretary, district vice president, and the district general secretary of KSU. He took an active role in the private college strike in the 1970s and was expelled from Sree Narayana College, Chempazhanthy. He later joined NSS College, Nilamel and continued studies. Vaheed became the president of the Thiruvananthapuram district Youth Congress in 1978, Kaniyapuram Coir Co-operative Society from 1983 to 1989, Andoorkonam Service Co-operative Bank in 1993, and KANFED in 1985.
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Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai (17 April 1912 – 10 April 1999), popularly known as Thakazhi after his place of birth, was an Indian novelist and short story writer of Malayalam literature. He wrote over 30 novels and novellas and over 600 short stories focusing on the lives of the oppressed classes. Known for his works such as Kayar (Coir, 1978) and Chemmeen (Prawns, 1956), Pillai was a recipient of the Padma Bhushan, the third highest Indian civilian award. He was also a recipient of the Jnanpith, India's highest literary award, awarded in 1984 for the novel Kayar.
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Members are expected to take advantage of extra-curricular activities such as All-Region Choir and Solo and Ensemble Contest. The choir competes annually at spring festivals in Texas and out of state. The coir has consistently received first division and Sweepstakes Awards at UIL contest in the spring. They have received Superior ratings and Best in Class Awards at the Rocky Mountain Festival in Vail, Colorado, Buccaneer Festival in Corpus Christi, Heritage Festival in Washington D.C, DC Festivals in San Antonio and the Gulf Coast Showcase of Music.
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The first idea was simply to explode a vessel filled with oil and this was tried at Maplin Sands where a Thames oil tanker, Suffolk, with of petroleum was blown up in shallow water. Another idea was that oil should be held in place on the water by a trough formed from coir matting. A machine formed the trough from a flat mat as it was paid out over the stern of a ship. Trials with the Ben Hann produced a flaming ribbon × that could be towed at .
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The majority of those inhabiting the region were engaged in traditional industries such as coir, cashew, brick-making and fishing. Any attempt to develop the inland waterways will favorably impact the well-being of these people. On the main West Coast Canal between Kollam and Kottapuram, the Kochi Edapallikota (120 km) stretch was opened for cargo movement during November 1994 consequent to improvement works carried out by IWAI. Capital dredging for widening and deepening of canal between Kochi and Kollam was started in first phase during 1997-98.
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Ludovico's wife Beatrice was buried in the church in 1497. The design of the apse of the church has been attributed to Donato Bramante, as his name is inscribed in a piece of marble in the church vaults delivered in 1494. However, some dispute that he worked on the church at all. According to one source, in 1492–1497 Bramante worked on the crossing and the dome as well the transept apses and the coir with apse; this source also attributes a plan and section of the building to Bramante.
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On 27 July 1795, the Governor General of the Presidency of Madras under whose jurisdiction Minicoy was, abolished Junumabe Ali Adi-Raja Bibi's monopoly over coir trade. In 1905 under the heavy burden of debts to the Empire, Mohamed Ali-Adi Raja of Cannanore agreed to surrender sovereignty and control over Minicoy. He died before the formal transfer. After an attempt to backtrack, his successor Imbicchi Ali-Adi Raja Bibi finally signed over Minicoy to the Emperor Edward VII on 9 February 1909, backdated to 1 July 1905.
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The ground was cleared and, if swampy, a layer of coir (also known as coco peat) or coconut matting laid down. The Sommerfeld tracking was unrolled over the ground, pulled tight by a tractor, bulldozer, or similar vehicle, then fastened to the ground with angle-iron pickets. A typical runway made of Sommerfeld tracking was by . It would appear that this method did have some limitations and there are various reports of airfields being out of use during heavy rainfall due to mud, and the fact that the tracking would lift off the ground.
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RFA War Nawab, one of the ships involved in Operation Lucid. A series of experiments investigated the possibility of burning the invader's barges before they could reach the English shore. The first idea was simply to explode a vessel filled with oil, and this was tried at Maplin Sands where a Thames oil tanker, Suffolk, with 50 tonnes of petroleum was blown up in shallow water. Another idea developed was that the oil should be held in place on the water by a trough formed from coir matting.
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However, even during this time the Cholas had maintained a small but potent Naval force based inland in the Kaveri river. During this time they dominated the inland trade in the Kaveri basin with Musuri as a major inland port. Dry-docks built during this period exist to this day.The Archaeological Survey of India's report on Ancient ports, 1996, Pages 76-79 Accounts from Arab travellers of this period mention that ships in the Indian Ocean were made of wooden planks held together by coir ropes and not by iron spikes.
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A number of research projects of national importance have been sanctioned to the school by agencies like DRDO, ISRO, DST, AICTE, UGC, Coir Board, and the Coconut Development Board. B.Tech programmes offered by School of Engineering,CUSAT have been accredited by the National Board of Accreditation (NBA) under Tier-I system.National Board of Accreditation (NBA) has been accorded permanent signatory status to the Washington Accord on 13 June 2014. As per Washington Accord agreement, Recognition of programmes by other signatories applies only to programmes accredited by NBA that are offered by education providers accepted by NBA as Tier-1 Institutions.
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Middle Eastern seafarers had just begun to take over the Indian Ocean trade routes in the 10th century and found Maldives to be an important link in those routes as the first landfall for traders from Basra sailing to Southeast Asia. Trade involved mainly cowrie shells—widely used as a form of currency throughout Asia and parts of the East African coast—and coir fiber. The Bengal Sultanate, where cowrie shells were used as legal tender, was one of the principal trading partners of the Maldives. The Bengal–Maldives cowry shell trade was the largest shell currency trade network in history.
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The economy at the time was largely dependent on fisheries and trading local goods such as coir rope, ambergris (Maavaharu), and coco de mer (Tavakkaashi) with neighboring countries and East Asian countries. The Maldivian government began a largely successful economic reform programme in the 1980s, initiated by lifting import quotas and giving more opportunities to the private sector. At the time tourism sector which would play a significant role in the nation's development was at its infant stage. Agriculture and manufacturing continue to play lesser roles in the economy, constrained by the limited availability of cultivable land and the shortage of domestic labour.
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It was a small port in ancient times. In the 16th century A.D. (1514), Duarte Barbosa, the Portuguese traveller, visited Kumble and he had recorded that he had found people exporting rice to the Maldives in exchange of coir When Tippu Sultan captured Mangaluru, the Kumble Raja fled to Thalassery; but he returned in 1799 and after an unsuccessful fight for independence, submitted to the British Empire and accepted a small pension of Rs. 11,788 per annum in 1804. Parthisubba, the great Yakshagana exponent, known as Father of Yakshagana was born here in the 18th century.
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Three-strand natural fiber laid line Rope may be constructed of any long, stringy, fibrous material, but generally is constructed of certain natural or synthetic fibres. Synthetic fibre ropes are significantly stronger than their natural fibre counterparts, they have a higher tensile strength, they are more resistant to rotting than ropes created from natural fibers, and they can be made to float on water. But synthetic rope also possess certain disadvantages, including slipperiness, and some can be damaged more easily by UV light. Common natural fibres for rope are manila hemp, hemp, linen, cotton, coir, jute, straw, and sisal.
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But several villages in the ceded districts in the Andhra Pradesh claim the same honour. Though the village is an uninhabited, the weekly shandy that meets on Wednesdays is one of the biggest in the district fetching an income of Rs.8,000 per year to the panchayat union. It attracts many people for the sale and purchase of many sheep and bulls besides the produce of the Kollimalais such as plantains, bamboos, cholam, cotton, cumbu, thinai, and coir goods. The shandy is held within the limits of Minnampalli village on the 24th mile from Salem on the National Highways to Namakkal.
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Traditional upholstery is a craft which evolved over centuries for padding and covering chairs, seats and sofas, before the development of sewing machines, synthetic fabrics and plastic foam. Using a solid wood or webbed platform, it can involve the use of springs, lashings, stuffings of animal hair, grasses and coir, wools, hessians, scrims, bridle ties, stuffing ties, blind stitching, top stitching, flocks and wadding all built up by hand. An upholstered chair ready to be covered with the decorative outer textile. In the Middle Ages, domestic interiors were becoming more comfortable and upholstery was playing an important part in interior decoration.
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Campbell claimed that the MacIvers originated in Glenlyon, and settled in Argyll in 1222. The Victorian illustrator R. R. McIan considered the MacIvers to have descended from Duncan, Lord of Lochow, making them descend from the same stock as the Campbells. According to legend, a stronghold of the MacIvers was the ancient fort of Dun Mor (Dunmore), located near Lochgilphead. According to Ane Accompt of the Genealogie of the Campbells, the eponymous Iver was one of two illegitimate sons of Colin Maol Math (the other illegitimate son being Tavish Coir, from whom the MacTavishes claim descent).
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His contribution is immense in shaping Singampunari, which was a tiny tinsel town since then. He played a vital role in establishing a chunk of edible ground nut oil production mills, and allied supply chain infrastructure in his home town, which employed around 1500 people in 1970s. Enfield motor company, MM Forgings, industrial zone, Pari Vallal Matriculation School, Sundaram nagar housing society, coconut coir board, and silk board, were few successful projects, which empowered many, and brought social renaissance in his constituency. Several central and state owned banks opened their branches, and expanded their presence in Sivagangai district under his valuable guidance.
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Sgùrr Dearg lies on the main Cuillin ridge at the junction of Coire Lagan, Coire na Banachdich and Coir'-uisg. It is the second highest peak in the Cuillin, and faces the highest, Sgùrr Alasdair, across Coire Lagan. Although the name Sgùrr Dearg refers to the mountain as a whole, references to the "summit" of Sgùrr Dearg are, unless otherwise qualified, generally taken to indicate the 978 metre top immediately below the Inaccessible Pinnacle on the north-western side.For example, Noel Williams states that the Pinnacle "outstrips Sgùrr Dearg by 8m and must therefore be regarded as the true summit of the mountain".
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The exception was the coconut palm tree. Grown all along the coast, the coconut palm was the mainstay of Kilwan life in every way - not only for the fruit, but also for timber, thatching and weaving. Kilwan merchant ships - from the large lateen-rigged dhows that plied the open oceans to the small zambucs used for local transit - were usually built from the split trunks of coconut palm wood, their sails made from coconut leaf matting and the ships held together by coconut coir. The Kilwa Sultanate conducted extensive trade with Arabia, Persia, and across the Indian Ocean, to India itself.
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In 1981 Ali Manikfan was given the responsibility of making a reconstruction of an ancient Arab trading ship, the Sohar, by Irish adventurer Tim Severin. He went to Oman to direct the team of carpenters. The ship, named after the city of Sohar in Oman, was completely hand-made, using traditional boat-building techniques, and no metal was used in its construction. It took one year to build the 27-metre-long ship, and four tons of coir were needed to sew the planks of its hull, in the same way that ancient Maldivians had built ships.
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Fleeing from the threat of imprisonment, Blanco lived in hiding for almost a year in an abandoned shelter in Ermida. He reappeared later in public with a false passport using the name Antonio Gómez, a native of Nogueira, Portugal; and lived in the small village of Rebordechao in the district of Vilar de Barrio for at least a year. Although he helped with the harvest, he also worked as a cook, a coir maker, and as a weaver making yarn on a spinning wheel. He became friendly with the women of the village, which led the men to consider him effeminate.
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The history of the beaches of Sankaramangalam and nearby areas is linked with the history of the KMML. The rare-earth minerals made the beach an area of scientific interest. The discovery process for this huge Indian deposit was accidentally initiated in the year 1909 when C. W. Schomberg, a German chemist, identified the presence of monazite in the sand remnants of contaminants of coir imported from Kerala. Encouraged by the great demand in those days for thorium oxide in gas mantle, Schomberg established the first plant at Manavalakurichi (MK) in 1910 for separation of monazite and later another plant at Chavara.
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Communist Memorial IMT Punnapra Punnapra was part of the princely state of Travancore before the independence of India. In 1940s, Communist party developed a good influence among the workers in the coir industry and organised a strike for better wages. Sir C. P. Ramaswami Iyer, the diwan(prime minister) of Travancore intervened to resolve the labour issues, but situation worsened with the faction of workers demanding for Responsible Government, a political move against the rule of Sir C. P. Ramaswami Iyer. A landlord, Applon Aroj in Punnapra was given with police protection on demand and one demonstrator was shot dead in an agitation near to his house.
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The AQFI has also invested in coconut coir production and a system of deriving income from initiated and supported cooperative projects. Aquinas University of Legazpi is now not merely confined to the boundaries of its campuses in Rawis and Legazpi Port District and environs. The University has acquired properties to serve its institutional, educational, and development thrusts. "Bahay ni Kuya" in Albay District is now a Life Coaching and Wellness Center which is a timely response to the periodic calamities that visit the Region. The Kyama Building near the downtown district now houses the AQ Pharmacy, a ‘botika ng bayan’ that dispenses low cost medicine.
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During this time, Bombay's main trade was coconuts and coir. The Portuguese Franciscans had obtained practical control of Salsette and Mahim by 1585, and built Nossa Senhora do Bom Conselho (Our Lady of Good Advice, affiliated to igreja de São Miguel / St. Michael's Church in 1596) at Sion and Nossa Senhora da Salvação (Our Lady of Salvation, popularly referred as "Portuguese Church") at Dadar in 1596. The immense natural advantages of Bombay aroused the cupidity of the English who recognized its value as a naval base. In November 1612, the British fought the Battle of Swally with the Portuguese at Surat for the possession of Bombay.
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Kochubava was born on 28 November 1955 at Kattoor village in Thrissur district of the south Indian state of Kerala to Veeravu, a coir merchant and his wife, Beevathu, in a family with limited financial resources. After early schooling at St. George's Convent UP School, Karanchira and Pompei St. Mary's High Secondary School, Kattoor, he graduated from Sree Narayana College, Nattika before moving to Sharjah to work at a private company for the next two decades. On his return to India, he joined Gulf Voice as its editor and settled in Kozhikode. Kochubava was married to Zeenath and the couple had a son and a daughter.
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A hand-shaped planter made of hypertufa. Aggregates are generally Sphagnum (peat moss), sand, and perlite or vermiculite. Coconut coir is coming to take the place of sphagnum moss, as the latter is a very slowly renewing natural resource and the former is a ready byproduct of the coconut industry— it has all of the advantages of the moss but without the environmental costs. To increase structural strength and longevity, polymer fibers, liquid acrylic, and fiberglass may be incorporated into the mixture, along with various grades of sand, pebbles, and crushed rock which add to the final object's overall strength and stone-like appearance though they increase its weight.
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The living willow posts are driven into the bank, to a depth of or more, at intervals and the thinner rods are woven in between, the rods are best woven at an angle slightly above horizontal to ensure good survival rates. A row of stones, gabions or wooden planks held by posts can be added to the bottom of each "spile" to prevent undercutting when the willow is establishing itself. All works should be done during the dormant period, winter in temperate zones. A layer of seeded coir matting can be pegged onto the soil on top of the spiles to prevent the soil being washed out during flood events.
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Agriculture and allied agro-based industries form the economic base of Kulithalai. There are house hold industries like gem cutting and rice mills, oil mills and coir manufacturing units located along New Court Street and Manaparai Road. There are no major industries in the town. As of 2001, worker population constituted 37.6 per cent of the total population. Out of the total workforce, 7,034 constituting 71.58 per cent people were employed in tertiary sector, 1,707 people constituting 17.37 per cent were involved in primary sector, 58 people constituting 0.22 per cent were involved in secondary sector and 1,028 people constituting 10.46 per cent marginal workers.
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It was the CSP leaders of the 1938 action who caused the TLA to come under the influence of the CPI, to which they had transferred their allegiance by 1940. Robin Jeffrey has said that Membership of the TLA grew from around 3,000 to over 7,000 during the Depression era, although this has to be placed in context with the growth in the number of people employed in the industry. In 1938, when the Travancore Trade Union Act became law, the Association was the first to register itself under the terms of the Act and did so using the name of the Travancore Coir Factory Workers Union.
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Lives stakes and fascines are a specific tree or shrub species that thrive in moist soil conditions and can be strategically used to stabilize stream banks and shorelines. Live stakes are hardwood cuttings with the branches removed that, when planted in moist soil, will grow new plants from the stems of the cut branches. They can be used alone, implanted into pilot holes in the soil, or used as a device to secure other bioengineering materials such as rolled erosion control products and coir logs. Fascines are similar live branches strapped together and laid horizontally across streambank contours to impede or prevent the flow of water and curb erosion.
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Plants in growbags A growbag is a large plastic bag filled with a growing medium and used for growing plants, usually tomatoes or other salad crops. The growing medium is usually based on a soilless organic material such as peat, coir, composted green waste, composted bark or composted wood chips, or a mixture of these. Various nutrients are added, sufficient for one season's growing, so frequently only planting and watering are required of the end- user. Planting is undertaken by first laying the bag flat on the floor or bench of the growing area, then cutting access holes in the uppermost surface, into which the plants are inserted.
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The School of Environmental Studies, a Centre for higher learning dedicated to environmental protection and sustainable development, was established in 1983. The School is funded by grants from the Department of Science and Technology and the University Grants Commission. It has also received research funding from agencies such as UNESCO, IFS Sweden, OPCW, The Netherlands, DST Govt. of India, DBT, UGC, ICAR, Coir Board, STED Kerala and the Rockefeller Foundation The National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health (NCAAH), attached to the School of Environmental Studies conducts a two-year MTech programme sponsored by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India under its network programme in human resource development in biotechnology.
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Mat type systems tend to be either coir fiber or felt mats. Mat media are quite thin, even in multiple layers, and as such cannot support vibrant root systems of mature plants for more than three to five years before the roots overtake the mat and water is not able to adequately wick through the mats. The method of reparation of these systems is to replace large sections of the system at a time by cutting the mat out of the wall and replacing it with new mat. This process compromises the root structures of the neighboring plants on the wall and often kills many surrounding plants in the reparation process.
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Semi-open cell polyurethane sheet media utilising an egg crate pattern has successfully been used in recent years for both outdoor roof gardens and vertical walls. The water holding capacity of these engineered polyurethanes vastly exceeds that of coir and felt based systems. Polyurethanes do not biodegrade, and hence stay viable as an active substrate for 20+ years. Vertical wall systems utilising polyurethane sheeting typically employ a sandwich construction where a water proof membrane is applied to the back, the polyurethane sheeting (typically two sheets with irrigation lines in between) is laid and then a mesh or anchor braces/bars secure the assembly to the wall.
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He was an active member of the Sahodara Sangham (The Brotherhood Movement), later he left his teaching job at a private school to join SNDP Yogam, where he worked hard to eliminate caste as an institution, and also SNDP's political wing, Ezhava Political League, and when Congress came into existence in the state he became its part. In 1938, he organized coir factory workers into union and was arrested for agitating, and sentenced to two years rigorous imprisonment. Later, he became involved with the Travancore Labour Association and finally he left Congress joined the Communist Party in 1942, he was imprisoned twice again in the following years.
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In Kerala, the coconut tree is called as "Kalpa Vriksham" which essentially means all parts of a Coconut tree is useful some way or other. Cocus nucifera dominate the landscape in many parts, rising up to a height of 25m, and bearing over 50 fruits on average in a year. The trees have many uses; their leaves are used to make sheds, baskets, and doormats, the husk for making coir, the shell for making ladles and spoons, and fruits used for making hair oil or for eating. Coconut is a staple ingredient in many Kerala dishes and coconut oil is widely consumed and used to make drinks such as coconut toddy and dishes such as appam.
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The Potraj are a fast vanishing tribe that hail from the Western state of Maharashtra. They are worshipers of a goddess that is referred to as ‘Kadak Lakshmi’. The Potraj are nomads who get alms for displaying an extremely grueling performance. The women balance a small platform with their deity perched on their heads and play a drum to a foot-tapping beat while the men dance, twirl and smack themselves with heavy whips made out of woven coir or leather. The whips may weigh in the region of 10 kg (22 lbs) each and are knotted for added measure and land on the backs of these performers with a resounding ‘thwack’.
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It is wrapped around the waist and tied with a kafa, a traditional rope often made of woven coconut coir or human hair belonging to a deceased ancestor. The mat worn on festive occasions, such as to one's own wedding, is much larger, finely woven and often very nicely decorated. This fine variant of ta'ovala is known as the ngafingafi, and corresponds to the 'Ie Tōga of the Samoans. The value of individual ngafingafi is determined by its colour, which may range from bleached white to a rich shade of tan or even coffee, depending on its age; the darker the colour, the greater the age, and the higher the value and prestige of the fine mat.
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M/s D. V. Deo, a manufacturer of essential oils and oleoresins, conducted the first export in October, 1986. The zone is originally envisaged to support industries operating in the fields of Electronics, Computer Software, Readymade Garments, Spices, glass products, wood products, leather products, rubber products, coir-based products, food-processing, pharmaceuticals, light engineering goods, sports goods, printing, gems and jewellery, electrical appliances, hand tools, automobile parts etc. There was a minimum stipulated value addition of 30%, with an option to reduce it to 20% for deserving cases. During the first year, i.e. 1986-87, the zone recorded a total export of 94 lakhs, which grew to 120.31 Crores in 1995-96.
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Kumbla was once the seat of the Kumbla KingsKasaragod District Information l, who ruled the southern part of Tuluva Kingdom. It was a small port in ancient times. In the 16th century A.D. (1514), Duarte Barbosa, the Portuguese traveller, visited Kumble and he had recorded that he had found people exporting rice to the Maldives in exchange of coir When Tippu Sultan captured Mangaluru, the Kumble Raja fled to Thalassery; but he returned in 1799 and after an unsuccessful fight for independence, submitted to the British Empire and accepted a small pension of Rs. 11,788 per annum in 1804. Parthisubba, the great Yakshagana exponent, known as Father of Yakshagana was born here in the 18th century.
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Locally known as padagu or salangu among the fisher folks, the masula boat is a large, flat-bottomed, high-sided, open boat with a clumsy design consisting of mango wood planks sewed together with strands of coir which cross over a wadding of the same material, but without frames or ribs, so that the shock due to surf is much reduced. It is specially designed for use where there are no harbours of refuge, chiefly upon the surf-beaten Coromandel Coast of India. It is used in shooting shore seines and also as a cargo lighter. Its range extends along the whole of the eastern coast of India northwards of Cape Calimere.
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The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as the coconut milk extracted from it, forms a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. Coconuts are distinct from other fruits because their endosperm contains a large quantity of clear liquid, called coconut water or coconut juice. Mature, ripe coconuts can be used as edible seeds, or processed for oil and plant milk from the flesh, charcoal from the hard shell, and coir from the fibrous husk. Dried coconut flesh is called copra, and the oil and milk derived from it are commonly used in cooking – frying in particular – as well as in soaps and cosmetics.
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Omani people needed the coir rope from the coconut fiber to stitch together their traditional seagoing dhow vessels in which nails were never used. The knowhow of coconut cultivation and necessary soil fixation and irrigation may have found its way into Omani, Hadrami and Al-Mahra culture by people who returned from those overseas areas. alt=Trees along a road The coconut cultivars grown in Oman are generally of the drought-resistant Indian 'West Coast tall' variety. Unlike the UAE, which grows mostly non-native dwarf or hybrid coconut cultivars imported from Florida for ornamental purposes, the slender, tall Omani coconut cultivars are relatively well-adapted to the Middle East's hot dry seasons, but need longer to reach maturity.
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Despite this construction method, biodiversity was encouraged by the use of hazel hurdles and coir rolls, pre- planted with native species, to provide habitat for small mammals. Habitat for fish was provided by creating meandering flow patterns using gravel and recycled trees, and the channels were populated with some 84,000 river plants. Water voles, plants, fish, freshwater mussels and silts from the original river bed were moved to the new channel to assist its regeneration, and landscaping involved planting 450 semi-mature trees, 2,000 shrubs and 100,000 groundcover shrubs. The scheme took 18 months to complete, and is now managed by the Twin Rivers Management Committee, with representatives from Heathrow Airport, the Environment Agency and the Royal Parks Agency.
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Nayanar initially had not contested the 1996 assembly elections. V.S. Achudanandan who was projected as the Chief Ministerial candidate lost in Mararikkulam. A faction in the party wanted Susheela Gopalan to be the Chief Minister, but when the matter was put to vote in the state secretariat, Nayanar was selected to be the CM. He contested and won by-elections in Thalasseri. Nayanar introduced several reforms during his tenures as Chief Minister like The Kerala Coir workers Welfare Fund Act, 1987, The Kerala Khadi Workers' Welfare Fund Act, 1989, The Kerala Abkari Workers Welfare Fund Act, 1989, The Kerala Construction workers' Welfare Fund Act, 1989 and the Kerala Ration Dealer's Welfare Fund Act, 1998.
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He was Alappuzha District President of C.I.T.U. He served as president, Union of Kerala Spinners Limited (C.I.T.U), Scooters Kerala, K.S.D.P., Excel Glass, Lorry Transport Drivers and Cleaners Union, Alappuzha District Committee, Kuttanad Rice Cultivators Protection Convention, Tagore Memorial Comparative Literature Society; Member Executive Committee of K.A.U., Urban Development Bank, Alappuzha and Kayankulam Spinning Mill; Secretary, CPI (M) Kuttanad Taluk; Chairman, Alappuzha District Co-operative Spinning Mill; District President, Head Load and General Workers Union, Alappuzha. He served as Minister of Co-operation, Coir and Devaswom during 12th Kerala Legislative Assembly and participated in agitations and struggles. He suffered police brutality and was imprisoned several times including imprisonment under Defence India Rule in Thiruvananthapuram Central Jail during the Emergency Period.
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Coir, (derived from coconut husks), bark, and sawdust when added to soil all act similarly (but not identically) to peat and are also considered organic soil amendments - or texturizers - because of their limited nutritive inputs. Some organic additives can have a reverse effect on nutrients — fresh sawdust can consume soil nutrients as it breaks down, and may lower soil pH — but these same organic texturizers (as well as compost, etc.) may increase the availability of nutrients through improved cation exchange, or through increased growth of microorganisms that in turn increase availability of certain plant nutrients. Organic fertilizers such as composts and manures may be distributed locally without going into industry production, making actual consumption more difficult to quantify.
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43-4, 46, 48, 51 Rohatgi served as founding director of the Regional Research Laboratories (CSIR) at Trivandrum and Bhopal, and as a professor at the Indian Institute of Science and the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, where he pioneered incorporating renewable materials such as coir (fiber from the coconut shell), and banana and sisal plant fibers into polymer composites. Hansen, Peter. "Distinguished Professor: Pradeep Rohatgi" He was running the research laboratory in Bhopal at the time of the gas leak disaster, but escaped unharmed and his lab was involved in studying the gas leak. He joined the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee as a Professor in the Department of Materials Engineering in 1986, and is currently Wisconsin Distinguished Professor and Director, UWM Center for Composites.
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Britain and Ireland Demographics: The name has mainly been found in Devon and Cornwall since the 17th century, however the surname is also known in the Ulster counties of County Antrim and County Down, many descendants of these Irish Toman families settled in Britain in Lancashire, Manchester, North and East London, Coventry, Liverpool and in the North East of England during the 19th century and early 20th century. The afore mentioned areas along with Devon and Cornwall being the main demographic areas where the name still exists today. Very old document about Toman name from Celtic archives (7th century) Ireland Toman is very old Celtic name, and Marcan mac Toman is "son of Toman" Annal CS653 Kl. Iugulatio Conaill Coir. Cath Connacht {.i.
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Poochakkal Police Station, Poochakkal Treasury, Poochakkal Medical Centre PMC, Poochakkal KSFE, Poochakkal KSEB and Poochakkal KSBC are in this village. Trichattukulam Mahadevar temple, Nalpathaneeswaram Sree Mahadeva Temple ( where a lot of Kathakali, the traditional art of Kerala happens round the year),Vazatharaveli sree annapoorneswary temple, Odampally temple,Thaliyaparampu Bhagavathy Temple,Edappangazhi Seekrishna Kshetram,Manamkuruchi Muslim Palli are major religious centers. Some of the other major names that add to the nostalgic memories of the village include the Azad library,Kuncharath Coir factory, Red Star Arts and Sports Club,SNDP Youth movement Vazatharaveli. which cherishes the memories from 1970s ; Vaidyasala of late Velayudhan Vaidyar,Market in Annalathodu, Excellent tutorials,Sunil Talkies,K P Thomas Vaidyar memorial Kuncharath Vaidya Sala & Panchakarma Center,Century Ship Yard, Quality industrials etc.
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The economic irony was that employment in the industry grew during this period because demand for simple, cheap floorcoverings increased. Changes in census definitions may affect the enumeration but it seems clear that there had been a disproportionate increase in the number employed in the coir factories of Travancore around this time, with the figure rising from around 7,000 in 1931 to 32,000 a decade later, whilst the cottage worker element grew from 120,000 to 133,000. Although demand for labour increased, the turnover of employees was high and there was a surplus of people looking for work both in the 40 factories of Alleppey and in the numerous small, often short-lived factories that were set up in rural areas around the town.
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Srishida's CookBook: -Malabar Sambar(Veg)Malabar Sambar recipe – All recipes India[] North Malabar cuisine is noted for its variety of dishes including chutneys, pancakes, steamed cakes and various dishes such as kalathappam, kinnathappam, uruttu chammanthi, poduthol, pathiri, chatti pathiri and moodakadamban. Bakery-cuisine is well developed in the area and has led to large numbers of natives operating popular bakeries in Chennai, Bangalore, Mumbai, Coimbatore, Mysore, Pune and Southern Kerala. People from this area are characterized by a stronger sense of socio-political aspirations often leading to large outbreaks of political violence. Textiles, beedi, hand-weaving, plywood and coir represent important industries while cashew, cinnamon (North Malabar is home to Asia's largest cinnamon farm) and pepper are important cash crops.
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Pottekkatt's Oru Theruvinte Katha (The Tale of a Street) and Oru Desathinte Katha (The Tale of a Locale) gave the author ample canvas to narrate the stories of a number of individuals and groups. The day-to-day lives of this common humanity is the stuff of great fiction and Pottekkatt got the Jnanpith Award for his magnum opus Oru Desathinte Katha. Thakazhi took up the portrayal of generations of families in Ouseppinte Makkal (Children of Ouseph) and extended it further to write a brihad akhyayika or grand narrative covering the lives of hundreds of characters and dozens of families and several generations. He was writing an entire era and entire region in his magnum opus Kayar (Coir), which procured him the Jnanpith Award.
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Arrack was another liquor produced from the palms, as was jaggery (an unrefined sugar). In reality, most Ezhavas were agricultural labourers and small-time cultivators, with a substantial number diverging into the production of coir products, such as coconut mats for flooring, from towards the end of the 19th century. The coastal town of Alleppey became the centre of such manufacture and was mostly controlled by Ezhavas, although the lucrative export markets were accessible only through European traders, who monopolised the required equipment. A boom in trade for these manufactured goods after World War I led to a unique situation in twentieth-century Kerala whereby there was a shortage of labour, which attracted still more Ezhavas to the industry from outlying rural areas.
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IITF is a major tourist attraction and lakhs of people visit the fair every year. This annual event provides a common platform for the manufacturers, traders, exporters and importers. The fair displays comprises a wide range of products and services including automobiles, coir products, jute, textiles, garments, household appliances, kitchen appliances, processed food, beverages, confectionery, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, cosmetics, bodycare & health care products, telecommunication, power sector, electronic sector, furniture, home furnishings, sporting goods, toys, and engineering goods. The participation figures verify the huge worldwide response of IITF. The 26th edition of IITF (2006) had around 7500 national and 350 international exhibiting companies. The fair attracted a huge audience of more than 3 million general visitors & 2,75,000 business visitors including 91 delegations from 53 countries.
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As part of his activities in the Assembly, Anandan served as the Chairman of Estimates Committee, the Public Undertaking Committee, and the Committee on Environment, as well as a member of the Public Accounts Committee (2008–11). Mr. Anandan was the Chief whip of the Government from 2006 to 2011 in the Left Democratic Front ministry. Anandan has served as the Chirayinkeezhu Taluk committee member of the Communist Party, Attingal Area Secretary, Chirayinkeezhu Local Committee secretary, General Secretary of Travancore Coir Thozhilali Union, Thiruvananthapuram District Motor Workers Union, Taluk Press Workers Union, Taluk Sawmill Workers Union, Taluk Taxi Drivers Union, and Thengu Kayatta Thozhilali Union. He was the President of the Serifed Employees Union, Consumer Federation Employees Association, and SIDCO Employees Association.
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Pillai wrote Kayar (Coir) in 1978, a long novel extending to over 1000 pages, covering the history of several generations in Kuttanad for over 200 years and is considered by many as his masterpiece, n spite of the popularity of Chemmeen. The novel deals with hundreds of characters over four generations, bringing back to life an axial period (1885–1971) during which feudalism, matriliny, and bonded labour gave way to conjugal life and to universal access to land ownership, and later, to decolonisation and the industrial revolution of the 1960s. Pillai wrote his only play in 1946 titled Thottilla, which was a social drama; it was performed on many stages by Kerala People's Arts Club. He published four autobiographical books and two other works.
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In 2001 he became the AICC Secretary with independent charge of seven states and in 2002 with independent charge of five states. In 2004, he was selected to the highest body of Indian National Congress, the Congress Working Committee (CWC ). He was also member of various committees including Consultative Committee for Commerce; Labour and Welfare Committee; Central Committee for 125th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi; Central Committee for Birth Centenary of Subhash Chandra Bose; Finance Committee-Lok Sabha; H.R.D. Standing Committee; Public Accounts Committee; Coir Board; Civil aviation Consultative Committee; and Joint Parliamentary Committee on Pesticides in Soft Drinks and Fruit Drinks. Other important positions held include - KPCC President, AICC Secretary, Indian Youth Congress National President, President- Pradesh Youth Congress (I) Kerala.
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He is a member of University Grants Commission (UGC), Executive Committee Member of All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), Academic Council Member of Central University of Orissa, Serving Member of National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE), Coir Board of India, National Executive Council Member of Indian Society for Technical Education, and Executive Committee Member of Indian Science Congress Association (ISCA) He was also a serving member of international bodies including the International Association of University Presidents (IAUP), United States of America; Institute of International Education (IIE), New York City; Association of University of Asia Pacific (AUAP); University Mobility in Asia and the Pacific (UMAP), Bangkok, Thailand; Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health (APACPH); United Nations Academic Impact (UNAI), and Asia Economic Forum (AEF), CIFEJ (Centre International Du Films Pour L'enfance Et La Jeunesse, Dubai).
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Declassified CIA documents show that the first Communist government concerned them and "preventing additional Keralas became an important argument for augmenting U.S. assistance to India". According to the biography of former US Ambassador Ellsworth Bunker, "the election results rang alarm bells in Washington"Schaffer, Ellsworth Bunker: Global Troubleshooter, Vietnam Hawk, 67 He became the Chief Minister of Kerala for the second time in 1967 as the leader of a seven-party coalition (Saptakakshi Munnani) which included the CPI and Muslim League. Soon after becoming Chief Minister again, on 31 January 1968 he inaugurated a mechanised coir factory called Floorco in Pozhikkara, Paravur. This time his tenure lasted for two and a half years, and the government fell on 24 October 1969 due to internal conflicts within the constituent parties.
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They did not cut their hair, but let it grow into long manes, shaving only a small circle in the front. They had a degree of craftsmanship in clay and bamboo, made bow-and-arrows, stone axes, rafts and fishing nets made of fiber and coir. The Goitacá were divided into three general rival hordes, the Goitacá-guassu, the Goitacá-moppi and the Goitacá-jacoritô.Teixeira de Mello (1886: p.9, p.12) They are said to have fought each other incessantly, and that the "guassu" (meaning "great") were the more numerous and dominant of the three.According to Simão de Vasconcellos (1658), as reported in Teixeira de Mello, p.14 The Goitacá had a fearsome reputation as fierce and cruel warriors, characterized by English adventurer Anthony Knivet (c. 1597) as "the most odious people of the Universe".
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Dong Xi was appointed as Colonel of Surpassing Might (威越校尉) and was later promoted to Lieutenant-General (偏將軍) for his efforts.(鄱陽賊彭虎等衆數萬人，襲與凌統、步隲、蔣欽各別分討。襲所向輒破，虎等望見旌旗，便散走，旬日盡平，拜威越校尉，遷偏將軍。) Sanguozhi vol. 55. In 208, Sun Quan launched a punitive expedition against Huang Zu to avenge his father, who was killed in a battle against Huang around 17 years ago, leading to the Battle of Jiangxia. After losing his vanguard commander to Ling Tong, Huang Zu scuttled two mengchongs to block the channel across Miankou (沔口), and had a long rope made of coir-palm fibre secured across the gateway, with stones attached to the rope as anchors.
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A later general strike, when under the influence of the CSP in 1938, lasted more than three weeks, involving many thousands of workers as well as numerous CSP activists who had moved from the neighbouring area of Malabar. The strike had protested the autocracy of Travancore's maharajah, then Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma, and a decision to ban the state's Indian National Congress (INC) party, The strike ended due to the negotiations by the INC and the Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana (SNDP). This effort by these relatively moderate organisations did not enamour them to socialists and led to the CSP gaining control of the union. Patrick Heller notes that this in turn led to trade unionism's "... [emergence] as the dominant force in the nationalist and democratic movement in Travancore" and to the spread of unionism to the agrarian sector, the latter being encouraged by workers from the coir factories who visited rural areas to spread the word.
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P (1992) 3 volumes, Bonn RGZM The carving at Monasterbonice county Louth does show a type of chloroform triangular instrument, however the stone is weathered and unclear if the figure is playing a true triangular harp, and others think it strongly resembles the Ullard lyre. Another study argue that many such crosses from the pre-Norman period survive in Ireland, however what is striking is that there are no triangular framed harps, Some early texts make the reference coir-cethar-chuir ‘four angled music' which refers to a four sided instrument. Other contemporary Irish sources of the period, namely the Cotton manuscript still depict a plucked lyre correspond to the shrine of St Maelruain Gospel, the Durrow Cross lyre and the three stringed lyre carving of judgement of Solomon at Ardmore Cathedral. The first true representations of the Irish triangular harp does not appear till the late 11th century in reliquary on the St. Moedoc shrine, while the Gospel of St Maelruain from the same period still traditionally depicts a lyre with three strings.
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Patrick G. Spence Whilst the roots of Aitken Spence can be dated back to Wilson & Archer Partnership of the 1830s in the early British Colonial Ceylon, the company began to take its current form after the signing of a formal partnership agreement between Thomas Clark and Patrick Gordon Spence—Scottish merchants and shipping agents in Galle—on 1 September 1868, wherein Clark Spence & Co. was established. Clark Spence & Co.'s trading segment at this stage included exports of natural vein graphite (plumbago), gems, hides, Sappan wood, ebony, coffee, coconut oil, coir yarn, bristle fibre, arrack, and citronella oil to United Kingdom, Continental Europe, United States of America and Australia; and imports of Burmese rice and coal for steamer ship bunkers. On 5 April 1871, Patrick Gordon Spence, secured Clark Spence & Co. as the sole agent of Lloyd's of London in Ceylon. In order to service the Agency for the Lloyd's of London for the Port of Colombo, Clark Spence & Co. partnered with Britton, Aitken & Co. to open a branch office in Colombo.
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