Al Stankard, a self-described "bleeding heart r*cist," is listed as an onsite coordinator.
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Stone cist graves from the Bronze Age in Northern EstoniaImage: Terker (GNU FDL 1.2)Northern Europeans who speak Uralic languages, such as Estonian and Finnish, can thank ancient migrating Siberian populations for their dialects, according to a fascinating new study that combined genetics, archaeology, and linguistics.
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Excavations in 1861 revealed a cist in the centre of the circle. A food vessel was found in this central cist. A second, empty, short cist was found between the centre and the northeast upright stone.
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Jan Madaliński, O. Cist. (1589-1644) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Auxiliary Bishop of Gniezno (1640–1644)."Bishop Jan Madaliński, O. Cist." Catholic-Hierarchy.org.
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Kistvaen on the southern edge of Dartmoor in Drizzlecombe (England) showing the capstone and the inner cist structure.Cist A cist ( or ; also kist ;Merriam-Webster Unabridged (MWU). (Online subscription-based reference service of Merriam-Webster, based on Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged. Merriam-Webster, 2002.) Headword cist.
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Burial 228 was interred in a cist set into Structure 37. The cist measures and is oriented east-west. The skeleton is extremely poorly preserved, consisting of seven bone fragments from at least one adult. The deceased was laid out with the head at the west end of the cist.
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The word "kistvaen" is derived from the Cornu-Celtic Cist-veyn or Cist-vyin; in Welsh the word is Cist-faen. All these names mean "a stone chest" (cist is a chest or box, maen is a stone). Kistvaens are formed using four or more flat stones for the sides and for the ends, and a larger flat stone (the "capstone") for the cover. Some kistvaens are surrounded by circles of erected stones.
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Bones, charcoal and a 'coarse pot' were found buried in a cist at the centre of the circle, the pot being unadorned and standing at the east end of the cist.
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Sigismund Pirchan von Rosenberg, O. Cist. (1389–1472) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Auxiliary Bishop of Passau (1441–1472)."Bishop Sigismund Pirchan von Rosenberg, O. Cist." Catholic-Hierarchy.org.
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Burials for inhumations (in barrows and cairns) are found on the surface, as at Oddendale, or in pits, usually with a cist formed in it, as at Moor Divock, Askham. Cremation burials may also be found "in a pit, cist, below a pavement, or roughly enclosed by a stone cist".Barrowclough (2010), p. 157.
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Henry Cist was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, the younger of two sons of Philadelphia- born author Charles Cist and his wife Janet. His paternal grandfather, also named Charles Cist, was an immigrant from St. Petersburg, Russia, and a printer and publisher in Philadelphia.Henry Howe Historical Collections of Ohio, 1888, pp. 831-32, scanned version on Ohio Bios, Ancestral Sites.
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49 There was another stone at the west side of the circle, no longer extant, that had an incised circle and other markings on it. Two stones found in the cist (now in Penrith Museum), have cup and ring markings. Their use in the cist is uncertain - they may have supported a cap stone. The markings on the cist stone are cup-centred, whereas the ones on the ring-stones are on a plain background, suggesting that the cist itself was a later addition.
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Further investigation uncovered that it had a stone cist with three roof slabs (flat rocks used to cover a grave) encompassed by smaller rocks. The cist was facing north-to-south and was fitted into the bedrock. Within the cist lied a skeleton facing towards the north. As no grave products were found alongside the skeleton, the Danes were unable to date it.
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In 1781, he married Mary Weiss. Their son, also named Charles Cist, became a noted editor. Their other son Jacob Cist settled in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania and became key figure in the early development of Pennsylvania's anthracite industry.
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Lehrberger, O. Cist. James J. "Christendom’s Troubador: Frederick D. Wilhelmsen". The Intercollegiate Review (Spring, 1997): 52-55. Lehrberger, O. Cist. James J. Introduction to "The Paradoxical Structure of Existence," by Frederick D. Wilhelmsen. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, 2015.
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Ardcroney Burial Mound is a burial mound (Linkardstown-type cist) located in County Tipperary, Ireland.
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At the south end a cist contained the deposits of burnt bones from 8 or 10 bodies. A smaller cist in the centre contained a bowl, burnt bone, charcoal and flint chips, and in the clay below them, the remains of a burial. A third even smaller cist also contained a food bowl, burnt bones and flint chips. A whetstone, flint knife, fragments of pottery and a greenstone axe were also found.
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It may have been a Druids altar before Christianity. There is also a Cist located here.
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Cristóbal Pérez Lazarraga y Maneli Viana, O. Cist. (1599 – 18 February 1649) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Cartagena in Colombia (1640–1649) and Bishop of Chiapas (1639–1640). (in Latin)"Bishop Cristóbal Pérez Lazarraga y Maneli Viana, O. Cist." Catholic-Hierarchy.org.
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The skull and other bones, with the flint knife in the foreground, at Leominster Museum The beaker, on display at Leominster Museum The Aymestrey burial was a beaker cist at Aymestrey, Herefordshire, England. The remains and objects are now in a recreated cist, at Leominster Museum.
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The Dolmen of the Four Maols is a cist and National Monument located in County Mayo, Ireland.
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It revealed a trapezoidal slab- built cist of in length with a paved bottom. The cist has a rubble stone lining, partly surviving. The ring is in diameter; compared to the large sized boulder setting, it is indicative that an outer circular enclosure wall existed at one time.
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Charles Cist (15 August 1738, in St. Petersburg, Russia – 2 December 1805, in Philadelphia) was an American printer.
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The inner chamber contained a secondary cist, with food vessel sherds and a cup-and-ring carved stone.
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Domenico Xarth, O. Cist. (died 1471) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Agrigento (1452–1471).
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On levelling a large tumulus a few years since, at Dalpatrick, Lanarkshire, a cist was discovered inclosing an urn.
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The body may have been moved to a church at this time. # Two further stages of cist grave construction around the focal grave. Twenty- three cist graves were found during this excavation. Considering that the excavation only uncovered a small area of the cemetery, there may be as many as 100 graves.
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The cist is said to have been found sometime before the late 18th century. The 1791-99 Statistical Account of Scotland records that when it was discovered it had been covered in loose stones. The cist consists of large slabs of stone and a gabled capstone. It is aligned northeast and southwest.
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Faculty profiles. Penn State CIST. Retrieved May 3, 2015. Rosson and Carroll co-developed the task-artifact framework for design.
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Angel de Maldonado, O. Cist. (1660–1728) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Antequera (1700–1728).
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More spectacular by its fitting than by the size of the stones, the harrespil is formed of a rectangular cist made of flat stones containing ashes of the dead, and of a stone circle. The circle measures about 5 to 6 m in diameter and is made of a great number of medium stones. The cist, of approximately a meter by 60 cm, consists of 4 side flagstones and a flagstone of cover. These burials coexisted with tumuli, a little earlier, also sheltering a cist for ashes, but surrounded of stones in bulk.
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Several Bronze Age archeological sites have been found in the area. These include a Clava type cairn and a burial cist.
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A second cist was found 1 metre south of the centre; it contained a crouched burial, also with some flint flakes.
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Erhard von Redwitz, O. Cist. (died 1502) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Auxiliary Bishop of Mainz (1494–1502).
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Germanic tribes were living in the area of Atteln already 5000 years ago, and their traces can still be seen today. Seven cist graves, two of them in Atteln, have been discovered in the Altenau valley. The largest cist grave has been excavated in Atteln in 1978. Atteln is the oldest rural parish in the diocese of Paderborn.
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With Melchior Steiner, he established a printing and publishing business. During the American Revolution, they published many documents relating to current events, including Paine's The American Crisis. In 1781 the firm was dissolved, and Cist continued in business alone. Cist began the publication of The American Herald in 1784, and of the Columbian Magazine in 1786.
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The voicing and tonal finishing were in charge of Andreas Metzler in consultation with the Abbey's main organist Josep Antoni Peramos, O. Cist..
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The space between the wall and the slab was closed by flat stones, some of which had collapsed into the grave'. Within the cist he found both inhumed and cremated human remains but no grave-goods. He believed that the cist represented a secondary burial 'built at some time after the cairn and somewhat outside its periphery' and suggested a tentative Middle Bronze Age date for it. A large slab is visible within a hole which has been dug into the lower edge of the cairn at ENE, which is possibly the covering stone of the cist noted above.
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However, in 2011, an early Bronze Age burial cist on Whitehorse Hill, Dartmoor, Devon was excavated. The cist dated from between 1730 and 1600 BC. It contained various high value beads as well as fragments of a sash made from nettle fibre. It is possible that the sash was traded from mainland Europe, but perhaps more probable that it was locally made.
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The child's skull was found underneath the plate itself. Burnt stones and earth were found next to the burial. Burial 278 was that of an infant, deposited in a cist under the floor of Terrace 1 Structure 5 in the acropolis. It was unaccompanied by any offering, the few ceramic fragments found associated with the cist were dated to the Late Classic Period.
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He married Janet White in 1817. They had 13 children. Their son Henry M. Cist was noted for his history of the Army of the Cumberland. Another son, Lewis Jacob Cist (born in Harmony, Pennsylvania, 20 November 1818; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, 30 March 1885), worked in banking, and was noted for his verses and his large collection of autographs and old portraits.
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From one stone a slab runs south and could be part of a tomb chamber or cist set in an oval cairn 1m high.
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National Park Service Chickamauga and Chattanooga Administrative History In 1892 Cist served as president of the Ohio Society, Sons of the American Revolution. It is a heritage organization devoted to celebrating the history of the US and especially the meaning of the American Revolution.List of Ohio Society presidents, accessed 2 Sep 2008 After contracting pneumonia while touring Italy, Cist died at the age of 63. He died at Rome, Italy.
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Burial 4 was interred in a small cist measuring , located under Structure 7\. By the time the cist was excavated it had been practically destroyed by tree roots, scattering the bones. A rough greenstone pendant was associated with the remains, together with a greenstone bead, a tripod plate, a polychrome ceramic bowl and perforated seashells. The burial has been dated to the beginning of the Late Classic period.
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A history of the parish of Craignish appears in the 1791-99 Statistical Account of Scotland, written by Rev. Lachlan M'Lachlan, parish minister. Within his account, M'Lachlan noted that "not many years before" some workmen uncovered the cist after removing some loose stones on the mound. Within the cist an urn was found; which was then broken and destroyed in an attempt to get at its supposed "treasure".
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Cist.), Vau-le-Roy (O.Cist.), Saint-Denis-de-Reims (O.S.A.), Esparnay-sur- Marne (O.S.A.), Belle-Val (Praemonst.), Chaumont en Porcien (Praemonst.), Sept Fontaines (Praemonst.), and Vau-Dieu (Praemonst.).
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The eastern mound yielded a cremation in an urn accompanied by bronze, amber and shale objects, and the western mound yielded a burial and a cremation in a cist.
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At the same time, heavy cits sunk in the ground or raised above it and slab graves are rare. Other grave elements can be detected, such as stone packing, wooden fittings and the combination of stone and wooden components. Tumulus graves contain earth and stone cist graves as primary burials. In the gravemound at Latdorf in Bernburg, a narrow stone cist was found which was surrounded by a 25 metre long trapezoidal barrow.
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The remnants of a small Bronze Age burial cist dating to c. 1000 BC are located on the north side of the site. It is missing a capstone, and there are no records of any finds from inside the cist itself, although it is possible anything from the period may have been destroyed by later activity. Tiny fragments of a Bronze Age cremation urn have been discovered below the floor of the Christian keeill.
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These cromlechs have diameters of 3–7 meters, with the burial located in the middle. Corpses were not cremated inside the cromlech but in a nearby spot, with only a handful of ashes being carried to the monument in fact. Cave, cist and urn field burials were rare, the latter are only found in two sites at the Ebro valley. Cist burials, surely related to Iberian customs, have been found at La Hoya.
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Horatius Acquaviva d'Aragona (died 13 June 1617) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Caiazzo (1592–1617)."Bishop Horatius Acquaviva d'Aragona, O. Cist." Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney.
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Near Sandlaw Farm in the parish of Alvah is the Carlin Cist, thought to have been part of a Cromlech at one time.The New Statistical Account of Scotland. 1834. P. 161.
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Silvio Messaglia (died 1544) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Avellino e Frigento (1520–1544). (in Latin)"Bishop Silvio Messaglia, O. Cist." Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney.
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There are four types of graves that are found at sites from the Middle Helladic period; pit graves, tholos graves, cist graves, and shaft graves. A pit grave is self explanatory, as it is simply a pit in the ground, while tholos styled graves are characterized as being more of a chamber like tomb. Cist graves and shaft graves are interesting because they are two styles of burial that originate from the Middle Helladic period itself, and it is believed that migrants who moved to Greece during this period influenced the creation of these new burial styles. Cist graves are deep and rectangular with a tumulus, or mound of earth, placed over top and came about during the beginning of the Middle Helladic period.
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In the omnibus promotions issued by the War Department following the end of the Civil War, Cist received three brevet promotions ranking from March 13, 1865, to the ranks of major, colonel, and brigadier general of U. S. Volunteers. On December 11, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Cist for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from March 13, 1865, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on February 6, 1867..
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Dunan Aula is situated north-northeast of Barbreck House in Craignish parish. The cist is located on the top of a large mound, north of an 18th-century burial ground and mausoleum.
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Other antiquities are a cist called the Three Brothers of Grugith on Crowza Downs and a destroyed fogou at Polkernogo.Hencken, H. O'N. (1932) The Archaeology of Cornwall and Scilly. London: Methuen; p. 300.
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The excavation in August 2011 on the north moor of a Bronze Age burial kistvaen, or cist, that was originally uncovered in 2001 was part- funded by the DPA, along with other bodies.
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The nearby Longstone at Forenaghts Great also had a trapezoidal cist which contained cremated human remains, pottery, and a fragment of a wristguard, a typical Beaker find. This suggests the Forenaghts Great Stone was erected in the period 2450–1900 BC when Beaker was in use in Ireland. The Punchestown Longstone probably dates to the same time. In 1981 a Bronze Age cist burial containing the cremated remains of four people were found 700 m (800 yd) east of the Longstone.
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Its Centre for International Specialist Training (CIST) runs a specialist training course, "English for Students, Lecturers and Administrators of Technical Universities", developed within the framework of TEMPUS (Trans-European Mobility Programme for University Studies). CIST also developed two five-year degree programs using English as the medium of instruction ("Computer-Aided Design Systems" and "Economics and Business Management"), which enrolled their first student cohorts in 2005.Shelenkova, Irina and Mishchenko, Elena (2012). "Innovative Language Curricula at Tambov State Technical University".
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Jean de Montmirail (or Monte-Mirabili), Baron de Montmirail, O.S.B. Cist. (1165 – 29 September 1217), was a French nobleman who became a Cistercian monk. He is venerated as a beatus in the Catholic Church.
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C. H. Beck, München 1986 , pp. 44 ff. In the ground beneath the kurgan was buried one or (very often) more tombs. The corpse lay either in a wooden chamber or a stone cist.
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It is aligned northwest and southeast. It measures by at the base; and is high. The slab has straight slides and a flat top. It is not considered to be part of the cist.
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Little information of the burial exists, but goods found in the cist were kept at Brechin Castle. These were sketched by Jervise and are typical of Bronze Age artifacts, found fairly commonly in the area.
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Root Path Cost: 4 bytes (CIST External Path Cost in MST/SPT BPDU) 7\. Bridge ID: 8 bytes (CIST Regional Root ID in MST/SPT BPDU) bits : usage 1-4 : Bridge Priority 5-16 : Bridge System ID Extension 17-64 : Bridge MAC Address 8\. Port ID: 2 bytes 9\. Message Age: 2 bytes in 1/256 secs 10\. Max Age: 2 bytes in 1/256 secs 11\. Hello Time: 2 bytes in 1/256 secs 12\. Forward Delay: 2 bytes in 1/256 secs 13\.
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Knockmaree Dolmen, or Knockmaree Cist, is a prehistoric site of the Neolithic period, in Phoenix Park just north of Chapelizod, near Dublin, Ireland. Other forms of the name are Knockmary or Knockmaroon Dolmen, or Cnoc-Maraidhe.
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These altars may have been moved there from elsewhere in the city. The structure had several levels and in the Terminal Classic a cist was inserted into the upper level and closed with limestone slabs. A dedicatory offering was placed on top of it, consisting of an obsidian blade and eleven ceramic vessels. Within the cist were enclosed the remains of an adolescent together with a rich funerary offering that included 2 ceramic vessels, an alabaster vase, and a variety of ornaments, rings and beads crafted from snail shells, mother-of-pearl, greenstone and pyrite.
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The remains of meadowsweet flowers were found in the primary cist, and may represent a wreath left with the burnt bones. The large capstone which covers the cist has been left in place in the current state of the barrow (as of October 2015). The outer kerb stones are still exposed, and show how the barrow was built. There is great similarity to the early Bronze Age barrows on the summits of Pen y Fan and Corn Du, which are also exposed to show the internal cists and outer kerbstones.
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Globular Amphora tomb The GAC is primarily known from its burials. Inhumation was in a pit or cist. A variety of grave offerings were left, including animal parts (such as a pig's jaw) or even whole animals, e.g., oxen.
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Among the key indicators of Christianisation are long- cist cemeteries that generally indicate Christian burials due to their east–west orientation,E. Proudfoot, "The Hallow Hill and the Origins of Christianity in Eastern Scotland", in B. E. Crawford, ed.
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The summit is marked by a well preserved and structured Bronze Age cairn with a central stone cist, similar to that on the nearby summit of Corn Du. The grave is fitted with a series of concentric stone kerbs to protect the central mound from slippage. The cist is a box formed by vertical stone slabs near the centre of the barrow, and it is currently occupied by the National Trust sign, but will have originally held the ashes or other remnants of a dead person or persons since multiple burials together are common in the British Bronze Age. It also held grave goods left with the human remains, such as flint tools, cinerary urns, or flower tributes. The similar round barrow on Fan Foel was excavated in 2002-4 and revealed such items in the central cist, the flowers being those of meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria).
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A stone cist, found in Coneypark Nursery in 1879, is Stirling's oldest catalogued artefact. Bones from the cist were radiocarbon dated and found to be over four millennia old, originating within the date range 2152 to 2021 BC. Nicknamed Torbrex Tam, the man, whose bones were discovered by workmen, died while still in his twenties. Other Bronze Age finds near the city come from the area around Cambusbarron. It had been thought that the Randolphfield standing stones were more than 3000 years old but recent radiocarbon dating suggests they may date from the time of Bruce.
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Henry Martyn Cist (February 20, 1839 – December 16, 1902) was an American soldier, lawyer, and author who was a Union Army captain and staff officer during the American Civil War. On December 11, 1866 he was nominated and on February 6, 1867 he was confirmed for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from March 13, 1865. He is most noted for his classic and oft-referenced 1882 book The Army of the Cumberland. In addition, Cist led pioneering efforts to preserve and interpret the sites of the battles of Chickamauga and Chattanooga.
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Cist (Kist) to the south of the rows To the south of the avenues is a large kistvaen which contained a flint scraper, a number of flint flakes and a whetstone for polishing metal items. The 'lid' of the cist was broken in two by a farmer sometime in the past who made a gatepost out of it. Numerous tors are visible from the site, including King's Tor and Staple Tor. The stone row was formerly known in the area as the Potato Market or Plague Market, supposedly since provisions for Tavistock were left here during an outbreak of plague.
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Its main function is enabling MSTP to select its root bridges for the proper CIST and each MSTI. MSTP includes all its spanning tree information in a single BPDU format. Not only does reduce the number of BPDUs required on a LANs to communicate spanning tree information for each VLAN, but it also ensures backward compatibility with RSTP (and in effect, classic STP too). BPDUs' general format comprises a common generic portion -octets 1 to 36- that are based on those defined in IEEE Standard 802.1D,2004, followed by components that are specific to CIST -octets 37 to 102.
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Macalister recorded local traditions which alleged that the damage to the stone had been carried out in living memory by local farmers in order to remove an obstruction to agricultural activities. Macalister also stated that people of the vicinity had dug around the stone in a vain search for buried treasure and in so doing had apparently destroyed a 'cist burial'. He did not, however, actually see this 'cist burial'. Some thirty years later a second decorated stone fragment, probably a portion of the same monolith, was discovered a short distance down-slope from the main piece.
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Before the war citizens did not like to use anthracite coal because it was difficult to ignite and maintain, but the wartime shortage forced them to start using anthracite. Jacob Cist of Wilkes-Barre promoted the use of anthracite during and after the War of 1812. Jacob Cist's father was a major investor in the Lehigh Coal Mine Company, so Cist began to transport the company's coal to Philadelphia by the Lehigh and Delaware Rivers (Dublin, Licht, 12). Once in Philadelphia, he used testimonials and public demonstrations to negate the stereotype of anthracite and convince Philadelphia society that the hard coal could be used as a replacement for bituminous coal (Adams, “Warming the Poor,” 81). Cist and other advocates including the Pennsylvania state legislature and government officials continued to promote the anthracite, and the War of 1812 was able to open the way for Pennsylvania anthracite coal to outdo Virginia's bituminous’ share of the market (Day, 371).
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The usual form of burial during this period was inhumation (burial in the earth, covered by dirt and stones).. The earliest Mycenaean burials were mostly in individual graves in the form of a pit or a stone-lined cist and offerings were limited to pottery and occasional items of jewellery.; . Groups of pit or cist graves containing elite members of the community were sometimes covered by a tumulus (mound) in the manner established since the Middle Helladic.. It has been argued that this form dates back to the Kurgan culture;. however, Mycenaean burials are in actuality an indigenous development of mainland Greece with the Shaft Graves housing native rulers.. Pit and cist graves remained in use for single burials throughout the Mycenaean period alongside more elaborate family graves.. The shaft graves at Mycenae within Grave Circles A and B belonging to the same period represent an alternative manner of grouping elite burials.
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Wordwell, 2005. p.77 The smaller cairn to the north of the lake was built later, perhaps during the Bronze Age. It contains two cist burials, with one containing bits of burnt bone; likely the remains of a single adult.Collins & Wilson, pp.
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Machrie Stone Circle 4 Machrie Moor 4 () consists of four granite blocks, about 0.9 metres high. Excavations in 1861 uncovered a cist in the centre. In it was an inhumation accompanied by a food vessel, a bronze awl, and three flint flakes.
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The remains were accompanied by an offering of a ceramic tripod plate that was placed near the skull. A cylindrical ceramic vessel was deposited at the east end of the cist. The burial and its associated offerings have been dated to the Terminal Classic.
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Harthill Moor bowl barrow is a Bronze Age burial mound about 150m SE of Harthill Moor Farm. It is 20m long and 11m wide. It was partially excavated in 1877 by Jewitt and Greenwell. A limestone cist was found with the remains from two cremations.
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The development of shipbuilding facilitated the spread of bronze. Changes took place in burial customs, a new type of burial ground spread from Germanic to Estonian areas, stone cist graves and cremation burials became increasingly common beside small numbers of boat-shaped stone graves.
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The necropolis is situated close to the site but outside the agricultural zone. Among the 97 tombs found, 54 were shaft tombs –intended for multiple burials and cut into the limestone crust of the plateau, 25 were simple cist tombs and 17 were circle tombs.
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There is evidence of settlement in the Rush area dating back to Neolithic times. Flint tools have been found in the area and there is a passage grave and cist located off the Skerries Road on the headland to the north of North Beach.
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Stone cist graves from the Bronze Age in Northern Estonia The beginning of the Bronze Age in Estonia is dated to approximately 1800 BC. The development of the borders between the Finnic peoples and the Balts was under way. The first fortified settlements, Asva and Ridala on the island of Saaremaa and Iru in Northern Estonia, began to be built. The development of shipbuilding facilitated the spread of bronze. Changes took place in burial customs, a new type of burial ground spread from Germanic to Estonian areas, and stone cist graves and cremation burials became increasingly common, alongside a small number of boat-shaped stone graves.
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With the outbreak of the Civil War, Cist enlisted as a private in the three-month 6th Ohio Infantry. When his term of enlistment expired, he was promoted to second lieutenant in the 52nd Ohio Infantry. He later served as post adjutant of Camp Chase in Columbus, Ohio, after the prisoners of war captured at Fort Donelson were transported there following Ulysses S. Grant's victory in February 1862.Details of Cist's bio, in ad for ebook The Army of the Cumberland In April 1862, Cist joined the 74th Ohio Infantry as a first lieutenant and became its regimental adjutant, serving under Colonel Granville Moody.
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The mound's summit is covered with graves. A total of 42 graves were excavated, and there are probably many others not found. The mound probably used as a cemetery for a long time, as the earliest graves are attributed to the Crusaders and the latest to the 19th century AD. The mound was used by the Arab villagers of the nearby Jisr az-Zarqa village as a graveyard. The graves can be divided into four types: Simple cist graves, dug into the soft soil, which amount to about a dozen; Rectangular cist graves, surrounded by stone slabs, which were probably from the Roman remains.
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Cist also worked for the success of free schools. In 1843 Cist established The Western Weekly Advertiser, a family journal devoted to the early history of the First Nations of the west, and to statistics relating to Cincinnati and the state of Ohio. A few years later the name became Cist's Weekly Advertiser, and it continued until 1853. He prepared and published Cincinnati in 1841 (drawing largely on an 1815 work by Daniel Drake), Sketches and Statistics of Cincinnati in 1851, Sketches and Statistics of Cincinnati in 1859, and The Cincinnati Miscellany, the last composed largely of incidents in the early settlements, with many of his own writings (2 vols.
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Stone Cist Graves from The Bronze Age in Northern Estonia The beginning of the Bronze Age in Estonia is dated to approximately 1800 BC. The development of the borders between the Baltic Finns and the Balts was under way. The first fortified settlements, Asva and Ridala on the island of Saaremaa and Iru in the Northern Estonia began to be built. The development of shipbuilding facilitated the spread of bronze. Changes took place in burial customs, a new type of burial ground spread from Germanic to Estonian areas, stone cist graves and cremation burials became increasingly common aside small number of boat-shaped stone graves.
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The pottery found at these sites is of the Narva Type and is similar to that found on Saaremaa and the Estonian mainland. A series of stone-cist graves are also present on the island from the Late Bronze Age through to the Late Iron Age.
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A dig by archaeological television programme Time Team in 2001 revealed a cist burial partly constructed with a re-used inscription to the god Viridios. The dig also uncovered Iron Age to 3rd-century pottery, a 1st-century brooch and some of the Roman town wall.
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The first evidence of a human settlement is a paleolithic/neolithic village. A few, scattered Roman era items were discovered in Magden. Two empty Alamanni cist graves were also found near the village. The modern municipality of Magden is first mentioned in 804 as in curte Magaduninse.
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The cist was built from stone slabs and measured by . The human remains consist of some skull fragments and some pieces of the longbones, with the skull at the east end. The offering consisted of a ceramic pot with lid dated to the Late Classic period.
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Burial 177 was a small chamber cist. It was found under the fill of Courtyard 1, interred on the sacred axis of the acropolis, also the central axis of Structure 5D-71; it was dated to the Early Classic period.Harrison 2003a, p. 177. Gómez 2006, p.780.
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In 1901, one of these cist graves was unearthed 500 m south of the village on the way to Katzenloch. This, however, yielded no further knowledge. About 950, the Emichones sat as the Graugrafen (“Gau Counts”) in the Nahegau. They were related to the Salian Imperial house.
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Inside the cist, a skeleton was found whose heading was roughly NWN-SES. As the skeleton was delicate, fallen slabs had fractured its head into several pieces. The skeleton belonged to a woman who was likely in late adulthood. No grave artifacts were found alongside the skeleton.
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Alderney has a cist, or burial chamber named Roc à l’Epine dating from 4,000 BC. On Sark, there is a terraced area that dates from the late Stone Age (c.2,400 BC). Herm contains at least eight known visible tombs with another seven suspected. Jethou has a menhir.
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In the centre is a large stone cairn. Antiquarians digging here in the 19th century found a burial cist in the centre, although there are no records of any other remains. Although the monument is now called a stone circle, it was probably built as a kerbed cairn.
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According to Peregrine's earliest legenda, this meeting between Philip and Peregrine never happened. Philip died on August 22, 1285, during the Octave of the Assumption at Todi, where he is buried."Lives of the Saints, For Every Day of the Year," edited by Rev. Hugo Hoever, S.O., Cist.
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Moore (2012), p. 3. The Lesser Cairn lies 210 metres to the northeast, overlooking Newcastle. It measures about 4.5m high, 18m from north to south, and 16m from east to west. It appears to have been an Early Bronze Age multiple-cist cairn, dating to 2300–1950 BCE.
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A burial cist was found near the front of the pyramid, it was labelled as Burial 264 and was dated to the Late Classic.Corzo et al 2005, p.89. The platform had five layers of stucco flooring. Material recovered during excavation of the stairway dated to the Terminal Classic.
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These entryways were usually created for people to place their offerings to the dead. Cist tombs usually include multiple tombs arranged closely together. This layout led excavators to believe that these people were buried near each other because they were within the same family.Newson, Young, Paul, Ruth (2011).
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The graves are covered with stones, a hearth or antlers forming a sort of dome. Rich funeral gifts, flint tools, engraved bones, shell ornaments and ochre demonstrate the affluence of these hunter-gatherers, or rather fisher-gatherers. Certain shells are sex-specific. In Teviec there are stone cist graves.
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It was excavated by Thomas Bateman in 1846. He found a cist containing a human skeleton, a sandstone sphere and flint tools. The Limestone Way long-distance footpath crosses Cales Dale near One Ash Grange Farm. There are parking areas near Monyash at the top end of Lathkill Dale.
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Both sites show extensive reuse in the Bronze Age, including the addition of a Bronze Age cist in White Cairn. It has been suggested that this may indicate an early Bronze Age date for sites of this type. However, a mid to late Neolthic date has also been suggested.
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The South Swedish highlands have been populated since the Nordic Stone Age as evidenced by cist findings. During the Nordic Bronze Age (c. 1700–500 BC) there was a significant agricultural expansion across the highlands. Soils developed on glacial till were cleared with stones being pile-up in cairns.
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Rebala Heritage Reserve is a heritage conservation area in Jõelähtme Parish, east of Estonia's capital, Tallinn. It covers around 70 square kilometres and contains more than 300 archaeological remains, most of which are prehistoric stone-cist graves and cup-marked stones. Artifacts are on display in the Rebala Heritage Reserve Museum.
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It was later elevated to a metropolitan archdiocese on April 27, 1892. On May 6, 2003, the territorial abbey of Nossa Senhora do Monserrate do Rio de Janeiro lost its territorial rank and was added to the archdiocese. Cardinal Orani João Tempesta O. Cist. has been its Archbishop since 2009.
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Rothesay Castle The human occupation of Bute dates from prehistoric times. The Queen of the Inch necklace is an article of jewellery made of jet found in a cist that dates from circa 2000 BC."The Queen of the Inch Necklace and Facial reconstruction" . Bute Museum. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
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In 1980, the discovery of a funerary cist, and an entire vase, and fragments of another one without covering, evidences breaking. This vase was very similar to another found in São Félix Hill, this last one with jewels in its interior, assuming that these jewels had the same funerary context.
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14, no. 3, pages 14-15. Another early proponent and driving force behind the park's creation was Ohio General Henry M. Cist, who led the Chickamauga Memorial Society in 1888. Another former Union officer, Charles H. Grosvenor, was chairman of the park commission from 1910 until his death in 1917.
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The Nine Maidens, also known as the Seventeen Brothers, is a Bronze Age stone circle located near the village of Belstone on Dartmoor in Devon, England. The stone circle functioned as a burial chamber, although the cairn has since been robbed and the cist, known locally as a kistvaen, destroyed.
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Pedro de Oviedo Falconi (died October 13, 1649) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as the Archbishop of La Plata o Charcas (1645–1649), Archbishop of Quito (1628–1645), and Archbishop of Santo Domingo (1621–1628). (in Latin)"Archbishop Pedro de Oviedo Falconi, O. Cist." Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney.
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His birth surname was Thiel. He graduated from Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg with a medical degree. He decided to emigrate to the United States in 1769, at which time he adopted the surname Cist, the initials of his birth name. He settled in Philadelphia in 1773 and learned printing.
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Around 1862, when the area was ploughed, some of the stones were buried or blasted.Aubrey Burl (2005) A Guide to the Stone Circles of Britain, Ireland and Brittany, page 80. Some stones have been taken for a wall to the south. Ploughing uncovered two worked flints and a probable cist- slab.
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Bronze-age burial cist, Cairnpapple West Lothian The cairns and megalithic monuments continued into the Bronze Age, though there was a decline in both the building of large new structures and the total area under cultivation.Moffat, Alistair (2005) Before Scotland: The Story of Scotland Before History. London. Thames & Hudson. Page 154.
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Fourwinds, p. 120. At some point during the Bronze Age, parts of the chamber were dismantled and used for the construction of three stone-lined cists which were inserted into the cairn material.Healy, p. 80-81. One cist has had its capstone moved aside so that its chamber is visible.
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Beckensall, 2002, p.85 The stones were not set in sockets, but were supported by the cairn material. A cist was found inside the circle, which had been robbed, as well a transparent blue glass, probably a later votive offering. Outside the circle, burnt bones and an inverted collared urn were found.
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Between 2008 and 2011 a necropolis was excavated in the surroundings of the Port of Sanitja. It consists of 44 tombs that form several rows with passageways between rows and tombs. The majority of these tombs are of the cist type. However, there are two simple pit tombs and one amphora tomb.
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Burial 67 was found in a cist under the second of five stucco floor levels in Northeast Plaza Structure 2. The skeleton was lying on its back with the head towards the north. The remains were poorly preserved but belonged to an adult. Of the skull only some dental remains were found.
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The Winona meteorite is named after Winona, Arizona. The meteorite is said to be discovered during an archaeological excavation of the Sinagua village Elden Pueblo in September 1928. The Sinagua lived in the village between 1150 and 1275. The meteorite was said to be retrieved from the cist of one of the rooms.
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In the main street a piece of the castle wall still stands. Newtownstewart Plantation castle is a State Care Historic Monument in the townland of Newtownstewart, in Strabane District Council area, at grid ref: H4020 8583. An intact Bronze Age cist grave was found within castle site. It was excavated in 1999.
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Dunan Aula, also known in Scottish Gaelic as Dùnan Amhlaidh, is the site of an exposed cist, located in the parish of Craignish, in Argyll and Bute, Scotland, at . The place-name means "Olaf's mound"; it is said to commemorate a Viking prince so-named, who fell in battle against the native Scots.
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The cist measures by by ; the gabled capstone measures by . Other stones which project from the mound may suggest that there are other graves in the area. There is no trace of any cairn material. There is also an upright slab located roughly to the north- northwest, on the side of the knoll.
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Besides, there is a MSTI priority vector, this one compromises the necessary information to build up a deterministic and independently manageable active topology for any given MSTI within each region. Additionally, comparisons and calculations done by each bridge select a CIST priority vector for each Port (based on priority vectors, MST Configuration Identifiers and on an incremental Path Cost associated to each receiving port). This leads to one bridge been selected as the CIST Root of the Bridged LAN; then, a minimum cost path to the root is shifted out for each Bridge and LANs (thus preventing loops and ensuring full connectivity between VLANs). Subsequently, in each region, the bridge whose minimum cost path to the root doesn't pass through another bridge with the same MST Conf.
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Among the other structures at Ekornavallen is a probable stone cist. During its restoration a flint knife was found in the surface layer. The cairns at Ekornavallen probably date to the Bronze Age. The largest cairn has a diameter of more than 20 metres, is 2 metres high, and is surrounded by large kerb stones.
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The people of Begash buried their dead first in cist and later in kurgan burials. So far, the earliest direct evidence for domesticated grains in Central Asia can be found at Begash, with the earliest evidence for the presence of both domesticated free- threshing wheat (from West Asia) and broomcorn millet (from East Asia).
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Reconstruction of a cist tomb. A sexual division of labour seems to have existed. Women took care of children, harvesting, “light” agricultural duties, “small” livestock, spinning (spindle whorls have been found in women's tombs), basketry and pottery. Men busied themselves with “masculine” chores: more serious agricultural work, hunting, fishing, and work involving stone, bone, wood and metal.
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They are mainly of British Bronze Age date of 2000 BC and sometimes earlier, although few have been excavated scientifically. The cairn on Fan Foel excavated in 2002-4 showed a central cist with the ashes and bones of a woman and two children of date about 2000 BC with a possible wreath of meadowsweet flowers.
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This showed that the site was occupied in the Bronze Age, before the broch was built. A Bronze Age cist burial with a food vessel was discovered. The foundations of many outbuildings were found in the enclosure surrounding the broch. Although many were clearly from a later period, some may have been contemporary with the broch.
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A dam lies to the north end of the loch. Approximately from the northern end of the loch are the archaeological remains of an Iron Age hut circle with a medium-sized oval house. Some pottery was found at the site. At the southern end of the loch is Lambsdale Leans, a cairn with possible cist or chamber.
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View of the tomb. Note the entrance stone with its circular hole. The Züschen tomb (, sometimes also Lohne-Züschen) is a prehistoric burial monument, located between Lohne and Züschen, near Fritzlar, Hesse, Germany. Classified as a gallery grave or a Hessian-Westphalian stone cist (hessisch-westfälische Steinkiste), it is one of the most important megalithic monuments in Central Europe.
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The largest cairn is 10m long with at least seven other cairns nearby. Hob Hurst's House is an unusual square Bronze Age burial cairn on Harland Edge (between Gibbet Moor and Beeley Moor). Thomas Bateman excavated the barrow in 1853 and discovered a stone cist containing cremated remains. It has been a protected national monument since 1882.
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The Fourfold Circle () is a configuration of four concentric stone circles. The outer circle has a diameter of 9 m, the others have diameters of 6.4 m, 4.7 m and 2.4 m respectively.FOURFOLD CIRCLE, Pastscape, retrieved 21 May 2013 The Fourfold Circle is the location of a turf-covered cairn with a central cist which has been robbed.
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Eastern passage The hill at Knowth fell into disrepair, and the mound or cairn slipped, causing the entrances to both passages to be covered. The site remained practically unused for a period of two thousand years. The site was briefly used as a burial site; some 35 cist graves were found on the site during excavations.O'Brien, Elizabeth.
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Accordingly, the large Lusatian urn fields were replaced by small, family size burial sites with several or more urns. The cist graves were now mostly flat, without mounds, forming a rectangle with up to two meter-long sides built of vertical slabs, containing the urns (sometimes as many as thirty and in separate compartments) inside and covered with another slab. Further south and east, as the Pomeranian culture expanded into central and southeastern Poland, there were also burials where the urn was placed under a globe or cloche, that is inside a large, spherical ceramic container, itself sometimes placed in a cist; areas with this arrangement are sometimes recognized as a distinct subculture (Cloche Grave culture). Two types of funerary urns are peculiar to the Pomeranians, house-urns and face-urns.
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Ballykeel Dolmen, June 2006 Ballykeel Dolmen is a neolithic tripod portal tomb and a State Care Historic Monument at the foot of the western flank of Slieve Gullion, above a tributary of the Forkhill river, in the Newry and Mourne District Council area, at grid ref: H9950 2132. The dolmen sits at the southern end of a large cairn, of approximately 30x10 metres, the north end of which also contains a cist. Its three metre long capstone, with a notable notch similar to that of Legananny Dolmen, had previously fallen, but was re- set during excavations in 1963. Excavations of the chamber revealed different types of pottery, including three highly decorated "Ballyalton" bowls, and the cist contained several hundred sherds of Neolithic pottery, a javelin head, and three flint flakes.
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This is a high oval mound in the Parish of St John. Here a four sided Neolithic chamber was found when tunnelled into by excavators in 1911. The cist was found to contain an unusual burial, that of a man lying on top of a horse. Other reported finds included a round bottomed vessel and fragment of a greenstone axe.
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The stone-cist graves and the cup- marked stones tend to be clustered and form groupings with clear visual boundaries. The cup-marked stones are fairly large and are clearly visible on the landscape. The heritage area also includes a number of pit grave cemeteries, as well as a medieval stone chapel, a church, and a large number of old farm buildings.
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In 1879, at New Bradwell near Wolverton, Milton Keynes, a Bronze Age hoard of weapons was found in a "deep cist filled with black earth" where nowadays stands the County Arms Hotel. The hoard comprised nine socketed axes, three broken axes, one palstave, two Spearheads and a leaf-shaped sword which had broken into four pieces. The collection now resides at Aylesbury Museum.
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The circle contains the remains of a ruined ring-cairn. Excavation finds have included a cremation and urn, a cup-marked stone, and a damaged cist. The stony bank around the circle was found to have been strewn with quartz chippings. Within the ring of the present day circle, there were what appeared to be the postholes of an earlier timber ring.
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Moel Tŷ Uchaf stone circle, above the village of Llandrillo, Denbighshire. Moel Tŷ Uchaf is a stone circle (but most likely a ring cairn) near the village of Llandrillo, Denbighshire, north Wales. It is a collection of 41 stones with a cist in the centre and an outlying stone to the north-north- east. The circle is 12 metres in diameter.
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The Cush region was occupied by an Iron Age community from c. 1000 BC to AD 400. Some of the burials are late Bronze Age, but the raths are thought to be no earlier than 3rd century BC. There were several cist burials, some with food vessels as grave goods. There were also some souterrains lined with timber and stone.
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2000–1650 BC) faced a slower pace of development, as well as the evolution of megaron-type dwellings and cist grave burials. Finally, the Late Helladic (LH) period (c. 1650–1050 BC) roughly coincides with Mycenaean Greece. The Late Helladic period is further divided into LHI and LHII, both of which coincide with the early period of Mycenaean Greece (c.
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The name means 'the Roman fort of Anna'.Eilert Ekwall,The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place- names, p. 9. An excavation by television programme Time Team in 2002 revealed a cist burial bearing an inscription to the god Viridius. The dig also uncovered Iron Age to 3rd-century pottery, a 1st-century brooch, and some of the Roman town wall.
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The first record of the battle can be found in Hector Boece's Historia Gentis Scotorum, written in 1527. Boece's work was popularised following a fairly free translation by John Bellenden into Scots in 1536, and its subsequent translation into English by Raphael Holinshed ca. 1580. No record of the battle is found before Boece. Dickson reports three long cist burials disinterred in 1878.
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It is about 8 inches long and perforated near the blunt end. At Pytebog near Eglinton Kennels a stone axe was found in the 1890s.Smith, page 60. Near 'The Circle' close to old Eglinton Mains farm are the remains of a short cist and aerial surveys show that the Belvidere Hill had a circular enclosure and ditch around its summit.
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According to the Anti-Defamation League, CAIR has also been affiliated with antisemitic organizations such as Hamas and Hizbollah. The Saudi mufti, Shaykh Abd al-Aziz Bin Baz, gave a fatwa ruling that negotiating peace with Israel is permissible, as is the cist to Jerusalem by Muslims. He specifically said: Martin Kramer considers that as "an explicit endorsement of normal relations with Jews".
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Machrie Stone Circle 3 Machrie Moor 3 () originally consisted of nine stones. Only one still stands, 4.3 metres high, but the stumps of others are still partially visible in the peat. The stones form a geometrical egg- shape. Excavations in 1861 uncovered a small cist in the centre containing an urn with some fragments of burnt bone and flint flakes.
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A high status Late Classic burial (Burial YX-08) was also found in Structure 218, buried in a cist in front of the main entrance. Four individuals were interred to the south of this principal burial during the Terminal Classic. They were not buried in cists and were unaccompanied by offerings. The bones belonged to individuals of varying ages and gender.
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A burial mound dubbed J-2 by the Japanese team was found in an oval arrangement measuring 3.4 meters by 2.5 meters. Upon removing the roof slabs, a cist was uncovered. It was roughly 1.7 meters long and 0.3 meters wide. It comprised five or six substantial stone sections placed around the walls of a rectangular pit excavated into the bedrock.
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New York: US Government / Dover Publications Inc. 203 pp. . Cist (1845) described how he lived in western Pennsylvania for many years, and the species was quite common there, but in all that time, he heard of only a single death resulting from its bite. Considerable geographic and ontogenetic variation occurs regarding the toxicity of the venom, which can be said for many rattlesnake species.
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Kneep () is a village on the Isle of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. Kneep is within the parish of Uig. Various archaeological discoveries have been made at Kneep, including a Viking cemetery and a number of Viking burials, as well as a cist. Other archaeological discoveries include prehistoric, Bronze Age and Iron Age sites in the dunes to the east of the settlement.
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Amesbury 45 () is a large ditched bell barrow which still stands 3.5 metres high. The monument has an overall diameter of around 56 metres with a central mound which has a diameter of 26 metres. The mound was excavated by Colt Hoare in the early 19th century, who found a cremation close to a cist of black ashes with a few pieces of burnt bone.
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A fine example of stone art can be found at the O'Gormans; the marked stone is part of the gate to Ballinkillin Lodge. In addition, in 1984 a "cist" grave was uncovered by Shea Power whilst ploughing on Doran's land. It consisted of a 2 x 1 .5 ft shallow chamber with a cap stone, containing two earthenware urns with human bones and grain.
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After the defeat of the Desmonds in 1583, the area came under the control of Sir William Courtenay who planted most of West Limerick. The de Lacy family were also landlords in the area. In 1985 a cist grave was discovered on the lands of James Leahy in the townland of Rathcahill West. These graves are box-like slab structures, which are just below ground level.
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1,800 years in three separate phases. Phase I is a polygonal stone cist made from slabs of limestone, dated to around 3500 BC (Neolithic), containing the remains of three adults and one child plus several objects. It was likely covered by a low cairn of stones with a surrounding circle of stones 10 m in diameter. Phase II took place over 1,000 years later.
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Evidence of the Bronze Age period is far more widespread – an early Bronze Age axehead was found at Bree and a gold disc at Kilmuckridge, for example.Wexford: History and Society, pp 8 – 26 & p. 35. Cist burials (also dating from the Bronze Age period) have been discovered in many locations – such as at the Deeps, Enniscorthy, and Misterin.Wexford: History and Society, pp 36 – 37.
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The winonaite group is named after the type specimen, the Winona meteorite. The name itself derived from Winona, Arizona where the type specimen was said to be found during an archaeological excavation of the Sinagua village Elden Pueblo in September 1928. The Sinagua lived in the village between 1150 and 1275. The meteorite was said to be retrieved from the cist of one of the rooms.
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The chambers have paved floors. Bateman discovered the remains of at least twelve human skeletons. Subsequent excavations (by Llewellyn Jewitt, William Lukis and Micah Salt between 1862 and 1901) found further human remains, pottery and flint tools in the chambers and passages and a separate cist (stone coffin) within the mound. Access can be made on foot via a permitted path from Pillwell Gate to the west.
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Machrie Stone Circle 5 Machrie Moor 5 () called "Suidh Coire Fhionn" or "Fingal's Cauldron Seat" consists of two concentric rings of granite boulders. The inner circle is 12.0 metres in diameter and consists of eight granite boulders. Excavations in 1861 uncovered an empty, ruined cist in the centre. The outer circle is approximately 18.0 metres in diameter and is formed of fifteen granite boulders.
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Carmelo Domênico Recchia, O. Cist, (14 December 1921 - 26 August 2015) was an Italian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Recchia was born in Sora and ordained a priest on 4 August 1946 from the religious order of Order of Cistercians. Recchia was confirmed Abbot of the Territorial abbey of Claraval on 7 December 1976. Recchia retired as abbot of Claraval on 24 March 1999.
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The tomb, situated on a small ridge, is a cist, a type of burial chamber found in Ireland on the south and east coast. It dates from about 3000 B.C. to 2500 B.C. A capstone, measuring by , is supported by smaller stones. The capstone is water-worn, and is thought to have come from the River Liffey nearby."Dublin north city Linkardstown burial" Megalithic Monuments of Ireland.
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The northern cairn is a dolmen (portal tomb) with the capstone missing. Two portal stones (2.8 m / 9 ft high) and a back stone remain. Six Bronze Age cist burials were later added. Archeologists found potsherds, cremated bone, food vessels and a blue glass bead on the site, as well as the remains of blackberries under one of the cists, presumably as grave-goods.
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Xituanshan is a low-lying granite mountain to the west of Jilin City that faces Dongtuanshan across the Songhua River. Together, the two mountains were referred to in the past as the twin tuanshan peaks (). The site comprises 11 gulleys on Xituanshan's southwest slope, over which nine stone cist tombs are distributed. On excavation, various stone tools, pottery pieces, pig jaws, and pig tusks were found.
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The earliest human settlement discovered around Auchterhouse dates from 3500 to 1000 BC, in the form of stone and bronze tools used by the first farmers to clear woodland. Wheat and barley were grown, and cattle and sheep kept, while a decorated sandstone spindle whorl found at Bonnyton, north of the village, and now kept at the McManus Galleries in Dundee, indicates that wool was spun into thread. A possible henge in Dronley Wood has been revealed by aerial photography, and a stone circle at Templelands was destroyed during railway construction in the 19th century. A stone cairn on West Mains Hill, excavated in 1897, was found to conceal a double burial cist, typical of the period around 2000 BC. The cist contained burnt bones and a bronze dagger blade with ox-horn hilt, which are now in the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh.
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Ruins of Cheremi. Ruins of Cheremi. A quest for the ancient city of Vakhtang Gorgasali's times led to an archaeological expedition in the newly revived village of Cheremi in 1979. It unearthed layers from the Late Bronze to the High Middle Ages, among them several stone cist burials, mostly collective, dated to the period between the 3rd and 7th century AD, some of them containing pottery, jewelry, and Roman coins.
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The Dolmen of the Four Maols is located on 'Primrose Hill' behind Ballina's Railway Station. This Bronze Age cist is sometimes dated to c2,000 B.C. and is locally known as the 'Table of the Giants'. Legend suggests that the dolmen is the burial place of the four Maols. The four Maols murdered Ceallach, a 7th-century Bishop of Kilmoremoy and were quartered at Ardnaree – the Hill of Executions.
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In the centre of the reserve in Jõelähtme is a burial field with 36 cist graves on display. The stone graves were covered with limestone slabs and surrounded by circular stone walls. The graves were discovered in 1985 in the course of a road extension and were moved twenty metres out of the way. In Joelahtme, by the Narva Road, is the Rebala Heritage Reserve Museum opened in 1994.
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This type of graves, along with the cist tombs, are usually found in this type of Late Antique necropolis. As for grave goods, personal ítems have been found in some of the tombs. They include earrings, rings, pendants, ceramic beads, glass paste beads and clothes pins. The key features missing to provide us with a more concrete date and a more concrete cultural influence are brooches, cloak pins and belt buckles.
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The prototype of the simple dolmen is the so-called block cist, enclosed on all sides and dug into the ground. It has no entrance and is, once closed, difficult for the technically less skilled user to open and re-utilise. It was therefore only intended for a one-time use. On the island of Sylt in Schleswig-Holstein, two simple dolmens were found in a common enclosure (Hünenbett).
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A Mesolithic pebble mace-head was found in Smalldale and a Mesolithic lithic working site was discovered when a site near Bradwell Moor Barn was excavated. A number of Neolithic axes have been found in the village. A Bronze Age barrow and the remains of a cist with a skeleton was found in 1891. A possible Bronze Age round barrow 19 m in diameter has been found near to Minchlow Lane.
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He also wrote several magazine articles related to Cincinnati during wartime. Among his article titles were "Cincinnati with the War Fever" and "The Romance of Shiloh." Cist turned his interest in history to working to have battlefield sites preserved. He served as director of the Chickamauga Memorial Association in 1889, helping gain Congressional authorization in 1890 for the first military park, the Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park.
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The barrow has been excavated on three separate occasions, in 1862 by Buckman with the Cotteswold Naturalist's Field Club, in 1937 by E. M. Clifford and in 1974 by A. Saville. Twenty three bodies were discovered within the site. The remains of cremated children were placed in a separate cist. It was noted that the majority had common medical problems including infections in the mouth and gums, and abscesses.
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When excavated the cairn contained a cist- like structure. Haswell-Smith (2004) maintains there is no written record of any post-Neolithic habitation, and there are 3 further sources that would support that assertion, at least for the past 350 years. The Blaeu Atlas of Scotland (1654) stated that the island was "neither inhabited nor cultivated". The Imperial Gazetteer of Scotland, published in 1848, stated that the island was uninhabited.
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22 ## Pierre Ravat, Canons Regular of Saint Augustine (C.R.S.A.), Bishop of Saint-Pons-de-Thomières (France), Cardinal-Priest ## Jean d’Armagnac (58), Metropolitan Archbishop emeritus of Auch (France), Cardinal-Priest ## Friar Juan Martínez de Murillo, Cistercian Order (O. Cist.), Cardinal-Priest ## Fr. Carlos Jordán de Urriés y Pérez Salanova, Cardinal-Deacon ## Mr. Alfonso Carrillo de Albornoz, Cardinal-Deacon # Consistory of 1412.12.14 : only Mr. Pedro Fonseca, Cardinal-Deacon # Consistory of 1423.05.
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Following the 1849 excavation, the centre of the cairn was removed to create a circular chamber with a pseudo passage leading to the centre. As a result, the site was for many years thought to be a passage grave. However, conservation works carried out in 1956 revealed it to be a chambered cairn with a cist burial at the centre. Within the chamber itself lies a stone with a spiral pattern.
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The Horizon of Atalaia was the apogee of this culture. The South-Western Iberian Bronze is a loosely defined Bronze Age culture of Southern Portugal and nearby areas of SW Spain (Huelva, Seville, Extremadura). It replaced the earlier urban and Megalithic existing in that same region in the Chalcolithic age. It is characterized by individual burials in cist, in which the deceased is accompanied by a knife of bronze.
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The burials associated with these Alentejanas often have a circular or sub-circular pavement at the surface with the burial in a stone cist cut through the middle. #Horizon of Santa Vitória (c. 1100-700 BCE): that reaches the early Iron Age. Imitations of early Urnfield rilled-ware vessels are found in Late Bronze Age burials in southern Portugal, for example, lovely funerary pottery urns at Santa Vitória in Beja Municipality.
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The village is of pre-Norman antiquity. Human habitation goes back in the area many thousands of years, and of great local excitement were the discovery of Bronze Age cist graves nearby. For an exhibition at the Ulster Hall in 1870, the Rev. James Bain of Straid Congregational Church contributed arrow-heads, spear-heads, flint and bronze tools, and ancient coins which had been found in the Straid area.
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Clachan is a small village in North Kintyre, Argyll & Bute, Scotland. Clachan is the site of an old church, which was the principal church for the North Kintyre area. The church is surrounded by carved stone statues of the Chiefs of the Clan Alasdair. Another group of standing stones (the tallest of which is 3.4 metres), and a burial cist, are found to the south of Clachan, near Ballochroy Farm.
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Beeley Moor is a prehistoric landscape with many protected Scheduled Ancient Monuments including individual cairns, cairn fields, burial mounds and guidestones. Hob Hurst's House Hob Hurst's House is an unusual square Bronze Age burial cairn on Harland Edge (between Gibbet Moor and Beeley Moor). Thomas Bateman excavated the barrow in 1853 and discovered a stone cist containing cremated remains. It has been a protected national monument since 1882.
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The church had a wooden roof with ceramic tiles, held in place with nails and antefixes. A number of medieval cist burials have been unearthed across the site. Within the church ruins, many fragments of pottery and two unique bronze oil lamps have been found. To the northwest of the basilica there is a small apsed structure of unknown function, which was covered by a high-quality terracotta tile floor.
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There is trig point at the summit as well as a cairn and cist. The course of a dismantled railway runs around the hill to the south, evidence of the mining that used to be carried out in the area. On Kilmar Tor's northern flank is Twelve Men's Moor with Trewortha Tor and Hawk's Tor beyond the saddle. To the southeast is Bearah Tor and, to the south, Langstone Downs.
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Meadowsweet flower head, remains of which were found in the burial cairn on Fan Foel There is a Bronze Age burial cairn at the summit of Fan Foel, and it was excavated in 2002–4 with the results published in 2014 in Archaeologia Cambrensis. The round barrow was about 16 metres (about 52 feet) wide and was badly eroded with stones from the structure removed to build a central cairn by passing walkers. Excavation of the barrow showed that it contained two separate burials, the central one in a stone cist contained the burnt bones of an adult woman and two children carbon dated to about 2000 BC. The ground surface beneath the barrow was carbon dated to about 2300 BC. The cist also contained a broken pottery food vessel decorated in the style of the Beaker people as well as a chert knife. The second burial was somewhat later and contained a broken collared urn with a rare belt hook, indicating a wealthy person.
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The horse bones were carbon dated to the Celtic period. It seems likely that the site was built in Neolithic times then re- used in Celtic times for a chieftain’s burial. This is the only known megalithic cist with a round mound of its type in the Channel Islands and may be culturally linked to early Neolithic cists in south Brittany. The site is also of interest as the location of a seigniorial court.
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This family are recorded as the feudal owners of Ballumbie during the 12th century and they may have been the beneficiaries of a Norman-style plantation of new overlords by King David I. Their former castle stands about half a mile from the church, which they may have founded. Excavations also revealed a previously unknown, Christian long cist cemetery, underlying the medieval church buildings, containing the remains of several adults and children.
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The word is derived from the Welsh cist (chest) and maen (stone). The term originated in relation to Celtic structures, typically pre-Christian, but in antiquarian scholarship of the 19th and early 20th centuries it was sometimes applied to similar structures outside the Celtic world. Merrivale on Dartmoor One of the most numerous kinds of kistvaen are the Dartmoor kistvaens. These often take the form of small rectangular pits about 3 ft.
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The existence of the style remained disputed among archaeologists until later discoveries in Mycenae clearly showed the existence of separate Late Mycenaean and Submycenaean strata. Submycenaean pottery occurs primarily in contexts such as inhumations and stone-built cist graves. Find locations are widely distributed, suggesting a settlement pattern of hamlets and villages. Apart from the sites mentioned above, Submycenaean pottery is known from locations such as Corinth, Asine, Kalapodi, Lefkandi and Tiryns.
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The funerary offering included three polychrome ceramics; a tripod plate, a plate painted with the figure of a dancer and a vessel bearing the images of human figures and a jaguar. Burial 7 was immediately above the cist of Burial 9. Burial 8 was interred towards the rear of the Talud-Tablero Temple (5C-49). The deceased was a young adult male aged between 21 and 35 years old with an artificially deformed skull.
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He was buried near the surface lying on his side in a flexed position; The remains were oriented north–south and date to the Terminal Classic and were not accompanied by any funerary offering. Burial 9 was interred in a cist immediately beneath Burial 7 in the Talud-Tablero Temple (5C-49). The chamber measured (NS by EW). The remains were of an adolescent female lying on her back with her head towards the north.
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Earlier archaeological explorations carried out at about north west of Benie House during 1936 and 1938 have revealed two Pettigarths Field Cairns; the first one is on the south of the site which is square in shape measuring with a circular entry of , the other carn is a smaller circular one of diameter with cist in the shape of a rectangle. Both are inferred as tombs of the Late Stone and Early Bronze Ages.
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They are preserved at the Royal Cornwall Museum, Truro.Gold lunulae from Harlyn Bay, Cornwall; National Museums Scotland; accessed 2020-08030 In 2014, after heavy storms had battered the cliffs of Harlyn Bay, local residents and beach users discovered the storms had uncovered an ancient burial cist containing human remains. The remains were recovered for further investigation, but it is assumed that they belong to a female from either the Iron or Bronze Age periods.
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The CIST is the default tree used to interwork with other legacy bridges. It also serves as a fall back spanning tree if there are configuration problems with SPBV. SPBV has been designed to manage a moderate number of bridges. SPBV differs from SPBM in that MAC addresses are learned on all bridges that lie on the shortest path and a shared VLAN learning is used since destination MACs may be associated with multiple SPVIDs.
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The Christian-Catholic Church of St. Katharina is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance. The entire old city of Laufen in part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites. The Neolithic cist gravesite situated within the municipality was listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance in 1995, but is no longer included in the list.Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance (1995), p. 69.
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Between the first and third centuries, a row of chamber tombs was cut into the upper and lower faces of the eastern cliffs. These chamber tombs were heavily damaged by quarrying in the late fourth to sixth centuries AD, though numerous arcosolia from these chamber tombs remain in the cliff face. Between the late fourth and sixth centuries burials in this cemetery consist of cist burials cut into the quarried rock shelf.
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The land was later inherited by his daughter, Cist Hollenback, who married Chester Butler. In 1857, upon C. Hollenbeck's death, the land was divided and sold to the proprietors of the Shickshinny Company: George W. Search, Lot Search, Nathan Beach Crary, and Nathan Garrison. Walter Garrison bought the corner where the modern-day bank is located. Lot Search held the position of Luzerne County treasurer in 1855 and maintained it for two years.
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Ferenc Keszthelyi Ferenc Keszthelyi, O. Cist (16 March 1928 - 6 December 2010) was the Roman Catholic Bishop Emeritus of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Vác, Hungary. Born in Eger, he was ordained on 2 April 1951, aged 23 in the Order of Cistercians. On 11 February 1992, aged 63, he was appointed Bishop of Vác, and ordained the following month. On 27 March 2003, aged 75, he retired and became Bishop Emeritus.
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There are a number of ruined duns on Craignish, as well as cup and ring marked rocks. One such site is Dunan Aula, a cist said to commemorate a Viking prince so-named, who fell in battle against the native Scots. At Kirkton, the remains of the early 13th-century chapel of Kilmarie still stand. A chapel on this site is said to have been founded by St Máel Ruba, from whom the modern name is derived.
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The Cat Stane, or Catstane, is an inscribed standing stone near Kirkliston, on the outskirts of Edinburgh, in Scotland. It bears a fragmentary inscription dating to the fifth or sixth centuries and was part of a funerary complex consisting of the stone itself, a cairn and a series of cist burials.The RCAHMS Site record for the Cat Stane. The stone's Latin inscription is interpreted as a dedication to a deceased woman whose remains were interred near the stone.
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Macphail, S R: History of the Religious House of Pluscardyn.1881 Edinburgh. p 193 The consequential legal charter, the Ordinale, provided the exact details of the liturgy, the obligations of office bearers and the conduct of the Order.Vermeer, P : 'Citeaux – Val des Choux', Collectanea Ord Cist Ref, 15, 1954, pp 35–44 The Ordinale contains rules that show close resemblances to CistercianChoisselet, D & Vernet, P: (eds) Les Ecclesiastica Officia Cisterciens du Xlleme siecle, Abbaye d'Oelenberg, F-68950 Reiningue.
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Megalithic tomb building continued into the Bronze Age when metal began to be used for tools alongside the stone tools. The Bronze Age lasted approximately from 4,500 years ago to 2,500 years ago (2,500 BC to 500 BC). Archaeological remains from this period include stone alignments, stone circles and fulachta fiadh (early cooking sites). They continued to bury their chieftains in megalithic tombs which changed design during this period, more being of the wedge tomb type and cist burials.
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Cross sections of Maeshowe A chambered cairn is a burial monument, usually constructed during the Neolithic, consisting of a sizeable (usually stone) chamber around and over which a cairn of stones was constructed. Some chambered cairns are also passage-graves. They are found throughout Britain and Ireland, with the largest number in Scotland. Typically, the chamber is larger than a cist, and will contain a larger number of interments, which are either excarnated bones or inhumations (cremations).
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There is debate on the exact age of the site; radiocarbon dating has not been done to affirm this categorization. The stone schist grave with three adzes in it is inferred to be post-neolithic though no iron objects were found. The quadrangular adzes found in a small cist do not exhibit characteristics of the Neolithic age and may be post-neolithic. The tradition of building megalithic tombs has continued to the present age in West Sumba.
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This and the Papal bull for her canonization relate several instances of miracles to have been worked by the Empress. One of these relates how, when calumniators accused her of scandalous conduct, her innocence was signally vindicated by divine providence as she walked over pieces of flaming irons without injury, to the great joy of her husband, the Emperor.Lives of the Saints: For Every Day of the Year edited by Rev. Hugo Hoever, S. O. Cist.
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200px The barrow is 27 by 18 metres in size and overall trapezoidal in shape. There is evidence of curving walls behind the east entrance, which leads into a square forecourt area, opening onto a central passage. Three chambers lead off this passage, two larger chambers to either side and one small one to the end, divided off by constricting stones to restrict access. A small part of the north chamber was separated off to form a cist.
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Burial YX-08 was excavated from in front of the main entrance to Structure 218, a palace-type building in the East Acropolis. The remains were deposited in a cist and possibly belonged to a member of the city's elite. The remains were those of a young adult male in his early twenties, interred lying upon his back with his skull towards the north. The skull was deformed and the upper incisors were artificially modified with jade incrustations.
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James Hay O. Cist. (died 1538) was a Cistercian abbot and bishop important in the early 16th century Kingdom of Scotland. At some stage in his life he achieved a doctorate in decrees (i.e. canon law), enabling him to be styled D. D..Dowden, Bishops, p. 225. After the death of Edward Story, Abbot of Dundrennan, on 28 November 1516, Hay was provided to the now vacant abbacy; he became abbot sometime between 2 June and 9 August 1517.
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Two Early Bronze Age short cists and several outlying undated features have been excavated at Holm MainsBrown, G (2003)'Holm Mains Farm, Inverness (Inverness & Bona parish), short cists',Discovery and Excavation in Scotland, 4, p. 87 located to the south- west of Inverness . The larger cist contained a crouched male inhumation lying on his left side. Accompanying this burial were two barbed and tanged arrowheads, ten other lithics and the fragments of a finely decorated beaker pot.
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This cist was erected c. 2000 BC. According to Irish legend, in the early 7th century Guaire Aidne mac Colmáin was King of Connacht. The rightful king, Cellach of Killala, had become a priest and later bishop of Kilmoremoy (Ballina). Four of Guaire Aidne's brothers murdered him; they are known as the four Maols from the Irish word maol, "bald", referring to their tonsures – they were students of Cellach's (Mael Mac Deoraidh, Maelcroin, Maeldalua, and Maelseanaigh).
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See also: which were thought (erroneously) to have been built as redoubts against Viking marauders. The Pencil has been protected as a listed building since 1971, and stands about south of Largs, at , overlooking the local marina. Although the monument marks the traditional site of the battle, it stands nowhere near the probable battle site. Its erroneous placement appears to be due to the discovery of prehistoric burials, consisting of both chambered tombs and cist burials.
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The gold cape was found in 1833 by workmen (accounts vary: either during the filling of a gravel pitClarke et al. 278 or while they were quarrying for stone). The cape was within a Bronze Age burial mound in a field named Bryn yr Ellyllon, the Fairies' or Goblins' Hill. The gold cape had been placed on the body of a person who was interred in a rough cist (stone-lined grave) within a burial mound.
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Clumlie Broch was partially excavated by Gilbert Goudie in 1887, who also restored part of the walling. Goudie discovered a stone cist 75 centimetres above the floor of the broch and concluded that the broch had been used for burials after it had fallen into disuse. Finds included stone implements, quern stones, whetstones, spindle whorls, and hammer stones. There were also many pottery fragments and animal bones, shells, as well as a fragment of a painted Roman bowl.
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But there is usually only one simple dolmen within an enclosure, lying parallel to the longitudinal axis, the so-called parallel type (Parallellieger). In Ulstrup near Gundeslevholm two of the three simple dolmens form a pair next to one another in the enclosure. The block cist in the Tykskov of Varnæs near Aabenraa and the one in the Nørreskov on Alsen lie diagonally within the enclosure. North of the River Eider about 20% of the simple dolmens are covered by a circular mound.
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The chamber contained the bones of an adult male aged between 36 and 55 years old. Although the bones had been disturbed by the looters, it is likely that he had been laid out on his back with a north–south orientation. A few broken ceramic remains among the looters' debris dated the tomb to the late 8th century AD.Laporte 1998, p.27. Sabloff 2003, p.xxiv. Burial 6 was a cist located under the first chamber of the Talud-Tablero Temple (5C-49).
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A salvage excavation was carried out in the Windmills Fields area of the town at the end of 1996. Five individual burials were found along with a wooden cist, these finds were accompanied by objects containing stone, jet and copper alloy of high status. This site was considered of European significance as it threw new light on the settlement of the area in the Bronze Age and highlighted a change in tradition of burial traditions and trade networks at this time.Tees Archaeology.
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Around 2004, an early Bronze Age cist was discovered just outside the ruins of Pitmilly House during road work; it contained a skeleton and a food vessel of the Yorkshire vase tradition.Bronze Age food vessel History Scotland Magazine, 2004. Neolithic Carved Stone Balls have been found in several locations in Scotland and in 2006 one was recovered near Pitmilly Law.TT.103/06. There appears to be no historical record, specifically, of Pitmilly from the Bronze Age to when the Normans arrived in Scotland.
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Gustaf Hallströms arkiv (Research Archives, Umeå University) The mound contained two cists. On the left side of the cist's southern end, there were raised slabs of stone from a long and wide cist. It was named the King's Grave due to its size, long before it was known to contain two burials. Since the site has been subject to numerous lootings, there are no reliable finds, but it is believed that the two graves were built at the same time.
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Ceramic remains were found on the east side of the platform and also where Structure 2 joins Structure 4. Excavations of the upper platform revealed five layers of stucco flooring, all dating to the Late Classic. Burial 67 was found deposited in a cist under the second layer, its location had been marked on that floor with a painted red circle. Upon the top of the platform were found traces of a small ( wide) room with doorways facing the east and west.
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Thus, the monumentalization of the dead rulers is accompanied by regionally-specific visual motifs that bring together both Greek and Near Eastern influences. Brasidas was a successful Spartan General who won a major battle in Amphipolis during the second Peloponnesian War. After Brasidas died, the people of Amphipolis monumentalized him by cremating him, placing his ashes in a silver ossuary with a gold wreath, and burying him in a cist grave within the city walls. Sparta also dedicated a cenotaph in his honor.
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The Dartmoor cists are unique in that about 94% have the longer axis of the tomb orientated in a NW/SE direction Butler 1997 p.176 It appears that Dartmoor cists were positioned in such a way that the deceased were facing the sun. In August 2011 an untouched cist, on Whitehorse Hill, near Chagford, was the first to be excavated on the moor for over 100 years. This burial yielded some rare Bronze Age artefacts made of organic materials.
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They are situated about apart on an open grassy place above Porth Dafarch between two low hills. They are aligned along their long axes in a northeasterly/southwesterly direction, with a fine view of the coast and towards Holyhead Mountain. There are theories that they may have formed part of a stone circle, however there is no evidence to support this. It is also said that there was previously a stone cist between them, but again this story lacks supporting evidence.
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The Catstane at Edinburgh Airport in its original location. The Catstane, a monolith, formed the focus for a cemetery of long-cist burials and once bore an inscription, translated as "In this tomb lies Vetta, daughter of Victricus"' written in a 5th or 6th century AD script. The stone is a rounded boulder with a circumference at the base of 3.65m with a height of 1.3m. It is not known whether it was artificially shaped or selected because of its shape.
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The corpse was interred in a crouched position or cremated. In the somewhat later Karasuk culture on the middle Yenissei, the tombs include rectangular stone enclosures, which were further developed into the stone-cornered kurgans characteristic of the area by the Tagar culture in the Iron Age. A special position belongs to the early Iron Age Slab Grave culture in the Transbaikal area; their dead were sometimes interred in stone cist graves.A. D. Zybiktarow: Kultura plitotschnych mogil Mongolii i Sabaikalja.
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Kirkcaldy has long been nicknamed the "Lang Toun" (Scots for "long town") in reference to the (0.9 miles later 4 miles) main street of the early town, depicted so on maps as early as the 16th and 17th centuries.Torrie and Coleman 1995, p.15.Pride 1999, p.52. The area surrounding the modern town may have been used as a funerary landscape, with discovery of eleven Bronze Age cist burials overlooking the leaning sandy bay as early as 2500 BC and 500 BC.
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The mound is described as a Linkardstown-type cist but may be a simple passage grave. It consists of a round mound encircled by two low wide banks with internal ditches giving an overall diameter of 90 m (100 yd). The inner mound is 26 m (30 yd) in diameter with a cairn core covered in clay. The megalith is trapezoidal in shape, 5m long and narrowing from 2.3m wide at the SE to 1.3 m at the NW (open) end.
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In ancient times a Baltic tribe, the Curonians, inhabited Courland and had strong links with the maritime tribes in both sides of the Baltic sea. In 1230, Lamekinas, Duke of West Courland, signed an agreement with the vice-legat Baldwin of Alna (Baudoin d’Aulne)Bishop Baudoin d’Aulne, O. Cist. † of the Pope Gregory IX about the voluntary conversion of his people to Christianity and receiving the same rights as the inhabitants of Gotland. In 1234 Dominican friar Engelbert was appointed to be the first bishop of Courland.
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A much- denuded, large, circular, now almost flat-topped cairn of large and small stones (dims. 28m NW-SE; 27.2m NE-SW; H 3.2m). A large slab is visible within a hole which has been dug into the lower edge of the cairn at ENE. It apparently formed part of the cist burial (CV014-043002-) investigated by Ó Ríordáin in 1932 (Ó Ríordáin 1933, 167-71). This monument is subject to a preservation order made under the National Monuments Acts 1930 to 2014 (PO no. 7/1932).
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In 2002, at NS 228 441 an enclosure or cemetery was revealed at a previously unknown semi-circular enclosure with 60 cist and earth graves. The graves were concentrated in the south-east of the site near an entrance in the enclosure ditch. A group of five buried storage tanks associated with the old Shell-Mex petrol refinery at Ardrossan were located just north of Montfode Castle. The whole depot area has been surrounded by a perimeter fence and there are several buildings surviving.
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A single grinding slab and a bone flesher were also recovered from this part of the area. Levels were included in the Early and Middle Horizon occupations, cist tombs, and wall paintings between about the 1000 BCE to 1000 CE. In the 1960s, archeologists discovered artifacts in an extraordinary state of preservation at the site. Remarkably, textiles, wood and leather tools, and basketry have been preserved intact. Some of the evidence of early domesticated beans Phaseolus, chili, corn and other cultivars have been argued for Guitarrero.
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The site was excavated in 1966 by Editta Castaldi. Among the artifacts recovered were pans, bowls and plates with comb decoration, as well as vases with bent necks, and vase fragments of the early Nuragic Bonnanaro culture, suggesting the monument was constructed early in the Nuragic period c. 1800–1600 BC.E. Castaldi (1969) Tombe di Giganti nel Sassarese. Origini III; pp. 132-143; 164-171; 199-202 Coddu Vecchiu appears to have originally consisted of a cist, which was expanded during the middle Bronze Age c.
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Burial 7 was interred in a cist under the central chamber of the Talud-Tablero Temple (5C-49).Laporte 1998, p.28. Although it had already been looted when it was discovered by archaeologists, the prior collapse of the ceiling of the summit shrine of the pyramid protected a section of the tomb from the looters. The remains were those of an adult male with an artificially deformed skull; he was laid out on his back with a north–south orientation with the head towards the north.
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In January 2009, the Department of Archaeology discovered a Megalithic age cist burial ground at Thazhuthala in Kollam Metropolitan Area, which had thrown lights to the past glory and ancient human settlements in Kollam area. Similar cists had been earlier discovered from the south east of Kollam. The team discovered three burial chambers, iron weapons, earthen vessels in black and red and remains of molten iron after their first major excavation in Kollam. They found a cairn circle in 1990 during their first major excavation.
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In the centre is a burial cist surrounded by a circle of stones about 3 metres (10 feet) in diameter. Other later burials are associated with the circle. According to the Historic Scotland information marker at the site, the southern circle's first incarnation may have been constructed around 3000 BC. The northern circle is smaller and consists of rounded river stones (which also fill the southern circle). In its centre is a single stone; another stone is found on the edge of the circle.
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Basalt lion head from the monument to King Katuwa at Carchemish, now in the British MuseumBritish Museum Collection Map of Syria in the second millennium BC, showing the location of Carchemish, or "Karkemish." The site has been occupied since the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods (pot burials), with cist tombs from ca. 2400 BC (Early Bronze Age). The city is mentioned in documents found in the Ebla archives of the 3rd millennium BC. According to documents from the archives of Mari and Alalakh, dated from c.
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During the excavation both inhumed and cremated bone, in association with beaker and food-vessel pottery, were recovered from below the cairn and inside the gallery under a rough paving. Three cist burials were found at the inner edge of the kerb. (de Valera and Ó Nualláin 1972, 115-6, No. 14; Channing 1993, 4; O'Donovan 1995, 2, no. 7)). It was one of only two megalithic structures in Tomregan parish; the only one now remaining in situ is the court-cairn in Doon townland.
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Burial 69 was found in front of the base of Group 18 Structure 2. The remains were extremely poorly preserved but the deceased may have been laid out on their back with the head towards the north. Associated funerary offerings included a tripod plate, a polychrome vase and a flint projectile point. The burial was securely dated to the Late Classic. Burial 264 was found in a cist under the earliest level of the stucco flooring of Terrace 2 Structure 2, a pyramid on the acropolis.
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In 1947, Mortimer Wheeler did further excavations at Brahmagiri, found ten domestic structures and classified them as belonging to a sequence of three cultural periods: Period I - Neolithic or Neolithic-Chalcolithic, Period II - Megalithic and Period III - an early historical culture.Ian Shaw, Robert Jameson (1999), p122 Brahmagiri was identified to contain a mortuary of 300 tombs with burials made in rectangular cists, cist-circles (stones surrounding granite cists) and pit-circles. The cists also included artefacts like vessels with graffiti, stone beads and iron and copper tools.
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During excavations, Stone Age settlements and a cist has been found. There are stone ships and grave mounds from the Bronze Age, and from The Iron Age there are 23 grave fields, groove stones, stone walls, a picture stone and a hillfort. There are also runes chiseled on a stone in the church. The stone is from 1170–90, and is a more likely to have been a tombstone than a runestone dedicated to a man called Röde Orm ("Red Snake"), a common name at that time.
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Bronze Age stone-cist graves Human settlement in Estonia became possible 13,000 to 11,000 years ago, when the ice from the last glacial era melted. The oldest known settlement in Estonia is the Pulli settlement, which was on the banks of the river Pärnu, near the town of Sindi, in south-western Estonia. According to radiocarbon dating it was settled around 11,000 years ago. The earliest human habitation during the Mesolithic period is connected to the Kunda culture, named after the town of Kunda in northern Estonia.
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The town has evidence of habitation from the Bronze Age, with a burial site being located just behind what is now the main Front Street. A cluster of Bronze Age cist burials were discovered during excavation of the site in the 1930s. St Cuthbert's Church is the longest standing building in the town, with parts of this dating back to the 11th century and recently celebrated being 1000 years old. The church is situated in the heart of the original sandstone conservation town centre.
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Evidence of ancient settlement in the area include a ruined megalithic cist near Knockfarnagh, and a ringfort at Lisgorp. Historically, the people of Lahardane and the surrounding area helped the French army under General Humbert during the 1798 uprising when the local priest, Fr Andrew Conroy, led French and Irish forces to Castlebar though the Windy Gap, a passage through the Mountains. The British forces had been expecting the French to go to Foxford first, and were caught off-guard. This led to the Races of Castlebar.
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Prausnitz focused on Area A where the surveyors, Alon and Rosoliyo, had first investigated the Neolithic implements found by the kibbutzniks in 1956. His expedition found Neolithic 'cist' tombs as well as round and rectangular dwellings from the lower part of the city. In 1961, after Prausnitz's excavation, a large trench was cut into the tel by Israel's national water company, Mekorot, so as to incorporate the local springs into the national water system. This led to exploration into the EB and MB archaeological remains at Kabri.
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There are remains of a large hilltop cairn is situated approximately southwest of the stone circle at (). The cairn shows no sign of kerb or cist and consists of a rocky mound covered in turf and approximately in diameter and high. Stones may have been removed for use in adjacent dry stone walls as it has been damaged on the northern side.Fletcher, M.J., RCHME Field Investigation 24-MAR-85 There are also some remaining hut circles in the area showing signs of ancient settlement.
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Prendergast was born near Paulstown, County Kilkenny as one of a pair of twin girls. She was educated in the Brigidine Convent school in Mountrath. She took up a post as Technical Assistant at the National Museum of Ireland, and attended University College Dublin where she completed a BA, and in 1947 an MA, in Celtic Archaeology. Prendergast spent her professional life working in the National Museum of Ireland, specialising in areas including burials of the later Neolithic period, prehistoric pottery and Early Bronze Age cist burials.
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The area is renowned for several groups of Standing Stones, thought to date back to 2000BC. Historic Scotland funded the excavation of archaeological remains at Blairbuy Farm. While ploughing, a large stone was unearthed that turned out to be the capstone from a cist burial. Three cists were found and one contained the remains of a skeleton. The cists are likely to date from the Bronze Age some 3-4,000 years ago when nearby monuments Drumtroddan standing stones and the Wren’s Egg were erected.
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There are also the almost completely destroyed remains of the Mandbjerghøj tumulus where the first stone with petroglyphs, which was part of the tumulus fence, was found in 1857. In 1880, the owner of the property razed the hill in order to fill a marl pit with its earth. While he was carrying out this work, he encountered a stone cist and after he contacted the museum, Mandbjerghøj as excavated. During these excavations, the two stones were found which now stand by the street.
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The name of the village is thought to originate from a battle which occurred near the village and resulted in a slaughter and a mythical river of blood that formed a cross - Croes-Goch. The oldest archaeological remains that have been found in the village is a cist burial tomb carbon dated c 500 AD unearthed during building work. The Baptist Chapel, which is situated near the village centre, was built in 1858 and played a crucial role in village life. Nearby, churches include Llanrhian and Llanhywel.
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MSTP is designed to be STP and RSTP compatible and interoperable without additional operational management practice, this is due to a set of measurements based on RSTP (Clause 17 of IEEE Std 802.1D, 2004 Edition) intending to provide the capability for frames assigned to different VLANs, to be transmitted along different paths within MST Regions. Both protocols have in common various issues such as: the selection of the CIST Root Bridge (it uses the same fundamental algorithm, 17.3.1 of IEEE Std 802.1D, 2004 Edition, but with extended priority vector components within MST Regions), the selection of the MSTI Root Bridge and computation of port roles for each MSTI, the port roles used by the CIST are the same as those of STP and RSTP (with the exception of the Master Port), and the state variables associated with each port. Into the bargain, they also share some problems as, for instance: MSTP can't protect against temporary loops caused by the inter-connection of two LANs segments by devices other than the Bridges that operate invisibly with respect to support of the Bridges' MAC Internal Sublayer Service.
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Rebala Heritage Reserve is located around the village of Rebala, Harju County, in northern Estonia, near the city of Tallinn. It was formed in 1987 mainly as an archaeological preservation area, and was the only protected area outside of Estonia's towns. It covers around 70 square kilometres and comprises 350 recorded archaeological sites, most of which are stone-cist graves and cup-marked stones of the Bronze and Pre-Roman Iron Ages. In addition, several settlement sites and remains of ancient fields have been found here, including villages that were established in the Viking Age.
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Margaret Haydock continued the long tradition of her family in standing firm for her Faith during the Penal Period against Catholics in England. Her ancestors include William Haydock, O. Cist. (1483?-1537) who suffered execution for his participation in the Pilgrimage of Grace and Blessed George Haydock (1556-1584) executed simply for serving as a priest. Along with her brothers James Haydock and George Leo Haydock, both priests, and Thomas Haydock, a noted Catholic publisher, she was a member of a remarkable generation that made an extraordinary contribution to the preservation of Catholicism in England.
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The village is within the townland of Tuam (). A stone cairn, a burial cist and two stone are all within the townland, giving evidence of early habitation. The ruins of the mediaeval Killesher Church lie about 2.6 miles south-east of Blacklion.Brian G. Scott (General Editor), An Archaeological Survey of County Fermanagh: Vol. I, Part 2, p. 769. N.I.E.A. and Colourpoint Books, Belfast, 2014.Samuel Lewis, Counties Fermanagh & Tyrone: A Topographical Dictionary, p. 21. Friar's Bush Press, Belfast, 2004 (originally published as part of A Topographical Dictionary of Ireland by S. Lewis & Co., London, 1837).
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"Rituals, hoards and helmets: a ceremonial meeting place of the Corieltavi" in Transactions of the Leicestershire Archaeological and Historical Society, Vol 80, pp. 197–207. Death in Iron Age Great Britain seems to have produced different behaviours in different regions. Cremation was a common method of disposing of the dead, although the chariot burials and other inhumations of the Arras culture of East Yorkshire, and the cist burials of Cornwall, demonstrate that it was not ubiquitous. In Dorset the Durotriges seem to have had small inhumation cemeteries, sometimes with high status grave goods.
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Those in charge of the excavation found that the remains were that of an adult male, an adult female and a child. These remains were "located beneath a collapsed enlarged food vessel and inserted into a central stone cist." In addition to these central cremations, the remains of several secondary cremations were found alongside flint tools including barbed and tanged arrowheads, scrapers and a sacrificial knife with one serrated edge and a sharp cutting edge. The archives for these excavations, reports and photographs are now online at the BAES Archives.
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The development of the block cist (above left) into the simple dolmen with passage (below right) Parallel and transversely-oriented dolmens Simple dolmen in the Dammerstorf Forest (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) Simple dolmen near Grevesmühlen The simple dolmen (, literally "ancient dolmen") or primeval dolmenBakker, JA (1992). The Dutch Hunebedden, University of Michigan. is an early form of dolmen or megalithic tomb that occurs especially in Northern Europe. The term was defined by archaeologist, Ernst Sprockhoff, and utilised by Ewald Schuldt in publicising his excavation of 106 megalithic sites in the north German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
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Evidence of the occupation of Fanad during the Bronze Age (2,000 – 500 BC) continues in the form of tombs and related monuments. Three possible stone circles probably belonging to the Bronze Age have been identified near Rathmullan. Several cist burial sites which are thought to date from the Bronze Age were discovered in Fanad including a now destroyed group at a cairn at Killycolman near Rathmullan.National Monuments Service – Archaeological Survey Database Ring forts (Cashels) and ornately carved stonework are features of Iron Age Donegal (500 BC – 400 AD) including such major monuments as Grianan Aileach.
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SPBV builds shortest path trees but also interworks with legacy bridges running Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol and Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol. SPBV uses techniques from MSTP Regions to interwork with non-SPT regions behaving logically as a large distributed bridge as viewed from outside the region. SPBV supports shortest path trees but SPBV also builds a spanning tree which is computed from the link state database and uses the Base VID. This means that SPBV can use this traditional spanning tree for computation of the Common and Internal Spanning Tree (CIST).
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Map of the stones The stone circle consists of a central standing stone encircled by 19 other stones, including 18 made of grey granite and one of bright quartz, which describe an ellipse with axes of 24.9 m and 21.9 m. The position of the quartz stone in the southwest may indicate the likely direction of the sun as it moves south after Samhain. At the northeastern edge of the stone circle are two stones in the ground once a possible burial cist. The large central stone has a feet or axe petroglyph.
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Burns (ed.), Papal Letters, p. 70. A further letter was sent, as follows: > To the bishops of St Andrews and Dunkeld. Mandate to enquire into the claim > advanced by Oswald, claustral prior of Glenluys, O. Cist., Galloway diocese, > to be the true bishop of Galloway in virtue of his election by the chapter > of Galloway and subsequent provision made by Urban VI. They are to impose > silence on him and to put Thomas de Rossy, provided to the bishopric by > Clement VII and duly consecrated, into peaceful possession.
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Also lost to the quarrying was a mound measuring long, wide and high, known locally as the Round Wood. At the time of quarrying, a stone cist or coffin was uncovered and in it were remains of a small boy aged 6, with a small stone axe. He was identified as one of the Beaker people of the early Bronze Age 1800 BC. The remains of a Roman fort were excavated by Headland Archaeology.Moloney, C. (1999) 'Doune Primary School, Doune (Kilmadock Parish), Roman Fort, Discovery and Excavation in Scotland p.
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Drosten Stone The area around Arbroath has been occupied since at least the Neolithic period. Material taken from postholes from an enclosure at Douglasmuir, near Friockheim, about five miles north of Arbroath have been radiocarbon dated to around 3500 BC The function of the enclosure is unknown, but may have been for agriculture or for ceremonial purposes. Bronze Age archaeology is to be found in abundance in the surrounding area. Examples include the short-cist burials found near West Newbigging, about a mile to the North of the town.
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Bishop Thomas Gorman wrote as early as 1954 to Fr. Anselm Nagy, O. Cist. to ask the displaced Hungarian Cistercian fathers from the Monastery of Zirc, Hungary to come assist in founding the University. On the first day of classes in September 1956, 9 Cistercian fathers, half the entire faculty, were employed at this new University. Led by Father Anselm Nagy, these refugees from Communist Hungary brought with them a level of education that a brand new college in the Protestant south could not even have imagined possible.
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The local rectangular graves consisted of boxes assembled from four vertical slabs of about in length, with a fifth plate that served as a lid. The dead were lying on their left side with their legs drawn up to the chest and the head pointed to the east. The largest find of stone box graves in Pully was the cemetery at Chamblandes. Due to the number of finds at Chamblandes, all similar cist or stone box graves in the surrounding area came to be known as Chamblandes type graves.
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Standing in a field is Cist Cerrig, a dolmen, near which are rocks containing cup marks. In 1996 there were protests backed by Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg against the building of 800 houses at Morfa Bychan. These followed a High Court decision that planning permission granted in 1964 remained valid. The owners of the site later entered a legal agreement with Cyngor Gwynedd, allowing a caravan site and nature reserve to be placed on part of the site, which ensured that the 1964 permit could no longer be implemented.
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Cist aided the colonial government during the revolution by endorsing large amounts of continental currency, which he was later compelled to redeem. He was the first person to introduce anthracite coal into general use in the United States. In 1792 he was a member of the Lehigh Coal Company, and brought several wagons full of this coal to Philadelphia, where he offered to give it away. But he could not dispose of it, and was threatened with mob violence for trying to impose on the people with a lot of black stones for coal.
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He was the son of printer Charles Cist. He was educated in Philadelphia, and during the War of 1812 was engaged in garrison duty in the eastern forts. After the war, he settled in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and a few years later moved to Harmony, Pennsylvania, where he opened a store, and was for a time postmaster. During the winter of 1827/8 he moved to Cincinnati, where he opened and superintended the first Sunday school in Cincinnati, and continued it until it grew beyond his control, when it was divided among the churches.
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Kistvaens were known by many common names, including "money pits", "money boxes", "crocks of gold", "caves", "Roman graves" and so on. The idea that ancient tombs might contain valuable items is a very old one; one of the first mentions of searching tumuli in Devon dates back to 1324. Permission to search was granted by Edward II of England. Currently archaeologists usually use the word cist when talking about kistvaens, but in the past 120+ years other terms have been used, including "chest", "maen" or "vaen", "a stone" "a stone coffin" and so on.
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Segsbury Camp seen from the west from The Ridgeway Segsbury Camp earthworks Segsbury Camp ditch Segsbury Camp or Segsbury Castle is an Iron Age hill fort on the crest of the Berkshire Downs, near the Ridgeway above Wantage, in the Vale of White Horse district of Oxfordshire, England. It is in Letcombe Regis civil parish and is also called Letcombe Castle. The fort has extensive ditch and ramparts and four gateways. Excavation at the site by Dr Phené in 1871 discovered a cist grave on the south side of the hill fort rampart.
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The area that now comprises Angus has been occupied since at least the Neolithic period. Material taken from postholes from an enclosure at Douglasmuir, near Friockheim, about five miles north of Arbroath has been radiocarbon dated to around 3500 BC. The function of the enclosure is unknown, but may have been for agriculture or for ceremonial purposes. Bronze Age archaeology is to be found in abundance in the area. Examples include the short-cist burials found near West Newbigging, about a mile to the North of the town.
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One artefact found near Laws Hill (but now lost and only known from an illustration) is that of a Pictish crescent plate, found in a cist grave which incorporated a later Norse Younger Futhark runic inscription (MKITIL:THA[...]). This find is particularly intriguing in light of the paucity of Viking archaeology in this part of Scotland. Domestic remains from the late Prehistoric period can also be found in abundance in the area. Perhaps most well known are the souterrains at Carlungie and Ardestie, but cropmarks point to other settlements of that age, for instance at Woodhill.
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The cairn at Tibradden Tibradden is home to several points of interest, one of which is a rock where Daniel O’Connell gave an address to the locals as they celebrated Garland Sunday in 1843. Also situated here is Tibradden House, which was constructed in 1859 as a wedding present for Mary Davis, whose descendants occupy the house today. Close to the summit of Tibradden Mountain is a 4000-year-old chambered cairn. It was excavated in 1849 by the Royal Irish Academy who found a stone-lined cist containing a pottery vessel and cremated remains.
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Direct AMS dating of broomcorn millet and wheat seeds from Begash date to around 2460-2150 BC. Most of the seeds were recovered from cist burials, with very few seeds being recovered from hearths. As almost all of the seeds came from burial contexts, the domesticated wheat and millet was most likely primarily used only for ritual purposes. Free threshing wheat, either Triticum aestivum or Triticum turgidum, and broomcorn millet were found in all of the cultural layers at Begash. The early wheat seeds from Begash were small, compact and round.
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Evidence of an imposing palisade erected around one of the residential precincts at the site has been found, leading archaeologists to hypothesize about conflict and competition in the local Mumun society. A number of smaller settlements from the same time period are found within several kilometres of Songguk-ri. The site also contains a high status stone- cist burial with a Liaoning-style bronze dagger, a number of large tubular- shaped greenstone ornaments, and a finely-made groundstone dagger. A number of jar-burials have been unearthed from the site.
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Classified as a gallery grave or a Hessian-Westphalian stone cist (hessisch-westfälische Steinkiste), it is one of the most important megalithic monuments in Central Europe. Dating to c. 3000 BC, it belongs to the Late Neolithic Wartberg culture. An early Celtic presence in what is now Hesse is indicated by a mid-5th-century BC La Tène-style burial uncovered at Glauberg. The region was later settled by the Germanic Chatti tribe around the 1st century BC, and the name Hesse is a continuation of that tribal name.
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Excavation of the barrow showed that it contained two separate burials, the central one in a stone cist contained the burnt bones of an adult woman and two children carbon dated to about 2000 BC. It is likely that the barrow on Picws Du is of a similar age when the climate was much warmer than today, and the now deserted sub-arctic and tree-less landscape supported a larger human population than at present. There are several legends associated with the glacial lake below the summit, Llyn y Fan Fach, one of which is the story of the Lady of the Lake.
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Corn Du is a summit of the twin topped Pen y Fan and the second highest peak in South Wales at 873 m (2,864 ft), situated in the Brecon Beacons National Park. The summit itself is marked by a well structured Bronze Age cairn with a central burial cist like that on nearby Pen y Fan. The two summits are visible from great distances owing to their height above the surrounding moorland, and are famous landmarks. The views from the peaks are also panoramic and very extensive, the Black Mountain and Fforest Fawr being especially obvious to the west.
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63 BCE – 70 CE), used by the non-elite population, was done in trenches. Trench burials were quite varied, with one or two bodies, either in primary or secondary burial, with even a case of an infant buried in a jar coming to light. If such a simple grave was hewn into the rock, archaeologists speak of a cist tomb (Keddie 2019, p.227). Some support the theory that in the Galilee, rock-cut tombs only had a comeback after the destruction of Jerusalem and the influx of refugees from Judaea after 70 CE (Keddie 2019, p. 237).
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There are more than thirty cemeteries of this tradition found in Swat and surrounding valleys of Dir, Buner, Malakand, Chitral, and in the Vale of Peshawar to the south, featuring cist graves, where large stone slabs were used to line the pit, above which another large flat stone was laid forming a roof over them, related settlement sites were also found which helped to know more of this people's life and death.Coningham, Robin, and Ruth Young, (2015). The Archaeology of South Asia: From the Indus to Asoka, c. 6500 BCE - 200 CE, Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 290 and 293.
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Oswald O. Cist. (d. after 1417) was a Cistercian monk and bishop in the late 14th century and early 15th century. There is an Oswald Botelere (Butler) granted a safe-conduct, along with 12 others, to enter England and study at the University of Oxford, in 1365, but this Oswald Butler cannot be shown to be the same as the later Oswald of Glenluce.Watt, Dictionary, p. 58. The outbreak of the Western Schism meant that when Adam de Lanark, Bishop of Galloway, died in 1378, the two popes, Urban VI and Clement VII, supported alternative successors to the see.
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Construction of cairns. Cairnfields have on occasions been confused with various other classes of monuments, such as round barrow cemeteries and groups of round barrows, stone hut circles, ring cairns, or burnt mounds. In general round barrows are larger, more regular, and may contain visible traces of a cist or kerb; stone hut circles have distinct entrances; ring cairns have a hollow centre; and burnt mounds contain a high proportion of fire-crazed stones of rather smaller size than appear in the average clearance cairns within cairnfields. Natural deposits such as so called 'clitter agglomerates',Clitter cairns.
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Bryn Cader Faner Bryn Cader Faner is a Bronze Age round cairn which lies to the east of the small hamlet of Talsarnau in the Ardudwy area of Gwynedd in Wales. The diameter is and there are 18 thin jagged pillars which jut upwards from the low cairn.megalithics.com It is thought to date back to the late third millennium BC. The site was disturbed by 19th-century treasure-seekers, who left a hole in the center indicating the position of a cist or a grave. Originally there may have been about 30 pillars, each some long.
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There are traces of two long cist burials in the debris of the broch from some time around 600 AD. There used to be a stone with a runic inscription at Crosskirk, now lost, dating from the period of the Norse raiders in the 9th, 10th and 11th centuries. St Mary's Chapel (Crosskirk), built around the 13th century and now ruined, is about south of the site. Some of the land south of the broch was levelled when St Mary's was built. In recent times, some of the stones from the broch mound were removed, perhaps for building field dykes.
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Tõhelgi village is one of the oldest populated areas in northern Estonia, as evidenced by settlements, stone-cist graves and numerous sacrificial stones.In the 1840s, the Tõhelgi Manor was established in place of the former cluster village.The Soviet authorities brought significant changes to Tõhelgi village - the land of Tõhelgi was collectivised, and in 1947 a collective farm "Tõhelgi Liit" was formed, which was eventually merged with the Aruküla collective farm through various mergers. In 1967, a variety testing centre was established in the north-eastern part of the village to test various fruit and berry crops.
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New Statistical Account of Scotland, General Assembly of the Church of Scotland , Edinburgh 1834-45 There is a cup and ring marked boulder near Craigend.A short cist burial, of a type normally associated with the early bronze age, was excavated near Greenford Farm in 1957, close to where an ancient fortified enclosure was reported in 1910. There are cropmark indications of a possible Roman marching camp to the west of Grahamston Cottages. The date of the foundation of Arbirlot Kirk, dedicated to St Ninian is unknown, although dates as early as the first decades of the 400s have been proposed.
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Doubt was cast on this by Robert Dickson in 1878, when he pointed out that, while relatively high-status goods were found in some of the graves disinterred during early building work in Carnoustie, there was a lack of weapons. He also talked of the apparent presence of female skeletons. Subsequent finds pointed to the area being a domestic Pictish Long-Cist cemetery, including the remains of a female aged between 40 and 50 with osteoarthritis, who apparently died of tuberculosis. In contrast with Holinshed's account, the burials there are Christian, found in a supine, east–west orientation.
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There were few graves goods recovered, a monochrome vessel with a lid containing three small pieces of jade, a piece of quartz crystal, a shell bead and some pieces of turquoise. Burial 22 is a collection of disarticulated longbones, belonging to a young child of between 2½ to 4 years old, buried at the base of a stela on the third tier of Building C.Pinto & Noriega 1995, p.578. Acevedo 1995, p.198. Burial 23 was found inserted into the east side of the third tier of Building C. The burial was contained in a cist, with the remains aligned north-south.
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A high-status four-ton slab, forty centimetres thick and measuring two metres by two metres, was unearthed by archaeologists excavating at the site of a major Pictish Royal centre. Using a giant crane to remove the slab, known as a capstone, a burial chamber was revealed containing what little remained of a Bronze Age body and grave goods. The underside of the capstone had been engraved with a spiral and axe shape. The cist, built using large sandstone slabs in a rectangular shape, had several axes and other weapon engravings where the head of the deceased would have been positioned.
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On May 1, 2009, at thirty-four years old, Guido died, victim of an injury to the neck that caused unconsciousness and drowning while surfing at the Recreio dos Bandeirantes beach, Rio de Janeiro. The funeral mass with the body present, held the next day (May 2), chaired by the Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro - now Cardinal -. Dom Orani João Tempesta, O. Cist, in the parish of Our Lady of Copacabana, called the attention of all that attended it. The church, which was packed with about 1700 people from all locations and social classes, was attended by approximately seventy priests and three bishops.
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The tomb complex covers an area of about with 42 clusters of tombs and each cluster contains about 10 tombs. Each tomb is enclosed with four stone slabs and covered by another slab on top. According to the way of interment two distinct burial customs, urn (bodies were placed in urns and interred) and cist (ashes of deceased were interred) have been identified. Cremated remains along with grave goods and tools used by deceased, have been found at the site in large terra-cotta urns and cists as well as in the area between the cists.
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Tower of St Martin's church The parish church of St Martin dates from the 14th century when it was built by the Lord of the Manor of Laugharne Sir Guido de Brian, who also built the Church of St Margaret Marloes, Eglwyscummin some to the west. The church is situated within a rectilinear churchyard, bounded by former strip fields, extending some to the south and to the east. It is thought that the church's original dedication was to St Michael, as it was reportedly referred to by this name in 1494 and 1849. Cist burials have reportedly been identified in the churchyard.
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ID will be identified as its Region's CIST Regional Root. Conversely, each Bridge whose minimum cost path to the Root is through a Bridge using the same MST Configuration Identifier is identified as being in the same MST Region as that Bridge. In summary, MSTP encodes some additional information in its BPDU regarding region information and configuration, each of these messages conveys the spanning tree information for each instance. Each instance can be assigned several configured VLANs, frames (packets) assigned to these VLANs operate in this spanning tree instance whenever they are inside the MST region.
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The area was inhabited during the Neolithic and the succeeding Bronze Age, the most obvious legacy of the latter being the numerous burial cairns which adorn the hills of the centre and west of the National Park. There are especially good examples of round barrows on Fan Brycheiniog, Pen y Fan and Corn Du. The former was excavated in 2002–4 and the ashes in the central cist dated to about 2000 BC using radiocarbon dating. A wreath of meadowsweet was likely placed in the burial. Over twenty hillforts were established in the area during the Iron Age.
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The chamber was long, wide and high. This type of cairn is unique to west Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly, and consist of a long narrow chamber covered with large slabs and surrounded with a kerb of large stones; they are thought to be communal burial places. The entrance grave was later covered by a large cairn high and across with three concentric retaining walls and a secondary cist. The chapel, which was built on top of the cairn, was pulled down in 1816 and was said to be the home of holy men or monks.
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The discovery of 11 Bronze Age cist burials which date from 2500 BC and 500 BC suggests that this is the most ancient funerary site in the area.Torrie and Coleman 1995, pp.9–10. What probably made this location ideal was its natural terraces stretching away from the sand bay, and the close proximity of the East Burn to the north and the West (Tiel) Burn to the south. Four Bronze Age burials dating from around 4000 BC have also been found around the site of the unmarked Bogely or Dysart Standing Stone to the east of the present A92 road.
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Greenish Ring Cairn A ring cairn (also correctly termed a ring bank enclosure, but sometimes wrongly described as a ring barrow) is a circular or slightly oval, ring-shaped, low (maximum 0.5 metres high) embankment, several metres wide and from 8 to 20 metres in diameter. It is made of stone and earth and was originally empty in the centre. In several cases the middle of the ring was later used (at Hound Tor, for example, there is a stone cist in the centre). The low profile of these cairns is not always possible to make out without conducting excavations.
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A number of Bronze Age remains have been found including cist burials and a spear-head; and a presumed enclosure at the very north of the village is conjectured to be an Iron Age feature. No Roman remains have been discovered, but it appears likely that the estuary was known and presumably used by the Romans. Ptolemy, writing in the 2nd century CE notes the river Alaunus, and the much later Ravenna Cosmography notes a place-name of Alauna. Alnmouth harbour would have been useful to the Romans, both to support military campaigns and to facilitate trade, albeit the river is not navigable beyond Lesbury, upstream.
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Mycenaean shaft tombs at Grave Circle A, Mycenae, 16th century BCE in Argolis, Greece, the resting place of the Mycenaean ruling families Tomb of Lady Fu Hao, 1200 BCE Shang dynasty, the wife and queen of Chinese general, Fu Hao and King Wu Ding in Anyang, Henan Province, China Western Mexico shaft tomb culture, 300 BCE and 400 CE at the Museo Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México A shaft tomb or shaft grave is a type of deep rectangular burial structure, similar in shape to the much shallower cist grave, containing a floor of pebbles, walls of rubble masonry, and a roof constructed of wooden planks..
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Stone shelter at Redman Village, April 2007 In 2009, 63 archaeological sites in the canyon were listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places, 36 in Carbon County and 27 in Duchesne County. Most are named in the National Register listing only by their Smithsonian trinomial codes, but there were three named sites in Carbon County: Cottonwood Village, Drop-Dead Ruin, and First Canyon Site. The named ones in Duchesne County are Centennial House, Fool's Pinnacle, Karen's Cist, Maxies Pad, Nordell's Fort, Redman Village, Sunstone Village, and Taylor's City. The locations and details of these sites are not disclosed by the National Register.
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The bowl tradition occurs over the whole country except the south-west and feature a majority of pit graves, both in flat cemeteries and mounds, and a high incidence of uncremated skeletons, often in crouched position. The vase tradition has a general distribution and feature almost exclusively cremation. The flexed skeleton of a man 1.88 tall in a cist in a slightly oval round cairn with "food vessel" at Cornaclery, County Londonderry, was described in the 1942 excavation report as "typifying the race of Beaker Folk",Male sizes range between , to average , comparable to the current male population: Flanagan 1998, p.116 although the differences between Irish finds and e.g.
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It lay roughly east of the axis of the heel-shaped cairn, probably in order to make better use of a natural ridge, and to raise the height, which apart from the southern end is nowhere above . Selective cuts into the cairn revealed cist-shaped insets that were components of the cairn structure. Only a few finds were made, but the pottery clearly showed that the heel-shaped cairn was in use during the phase of the jewel-less Neolithic pottery era. It fell into disuse during the Beaker culture period and the long cairn had already been built before urns were deposited outside the enclosure.
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Indicators of previous sea-levels include archaeological remains on the sea- floor of Despotiko Bay such as Early Bronze Age cist graves off Koimitiri down to 3m water depths; additionally there are walls, a well-head, and an oven of unknown age at a 3m depth off-shore from Agios Georgios on Antiparos.Bent, J.T. (1885) The Cyclades, or, Life Among the Insular Greeks. Longman, Green, London, 501 p.Morrison, J.A., (1968) Relative sea-level change in the Saliagos area since Neolithic times. In: J.D. Evans and A.C. Renfrew (eds.), Excavations at Saliagos near Antiparos, Appendix I, The British School at Athens Supplementary Volume, 5, Thames and Hudson, London, pp. 92-98.
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Many experts from the University have examined it, and the most likely theory, though not certain, is that it is a Bronze-Age cist slab. It has been in courtyard since at least 1854, as demonstrated by its presence on an Ordnance Survey town plan from that year, but is it not known where it came from before that. It is said that current plans from the University are to relocate it to the garden at the Museum of The University of St Andrews, despite residents' disappointment in potentially seeing this artefact being removed from its original bicentenary location, without even being protected from atmospheric agents.
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Iron Age St. Keverne has a number of Iron Age sites, with two of the most dramatic being the cliff castles of Chynalls and Lankidden. All that is left in these sites are the faint markings of the ditches and banks that would have protected these castles, but during the Iron Age they would have provided a "prominent focus within a landscape quite densely populated by contemporary settlements or "rounds."" Another notable Iron Age artefact originating in St. Keverne is the elaborately engraved bronze mirror discovered in a cist grave, in 1833. This mirror was accompanied by two brooches, some beads, and two rings.
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It is a residential structure located to the northwest of the Main Plaza and stands tall. It was built upon a natural hill that was levelled to form a supporting platform. A Late Classic ceramic incense burner was excavated from the summit of the structure, it was modelled to form the Maya sun deity G3. Five low status burials were discovered, four of them interred directly under the floor and one in a crude cist, none of them were accompanied by offerings and all are dated to the Late Classic. Structure 72 is a large platform located immediately to the east of Structure 70.
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During the excavation both inhumed and cremated bone, in association with beaker and food-vessel pottery, were recovered from below the cairn and inside the gallery under a rough paving. Three cist burials were found at the inner edge of the kerb. (de Valera and Ó Nualláin 1972, 115-6, No. 14; Channing 1993, 4; O'Donovan 1995, 2, no. 7)). It was one of only two megalithic structures in Tomregan parish; the only one now remaining in situ is the court-cairn in Doon townland. # A medieval crannóg in Killywilly Lough (Site number 1515, page 181, Cranaghan townland, in Archaeological Inventory of County Cavan, Patrick O’Donovan, 1995).
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Carnassarie Castle, near Kilmartin Kilmartin Glen is the location of several important Neolithic, Bronze Age and Iron Age sites, including Temple Wood (a henge monument), several burial cairns, chambered cairns, standing stones and cup and ring marked rocks. Kilmartin's is one of the finest concentrations of prehistoric sites in Scotland, and almost all are within an easy walk of the roads which criss-cross the valley. One of the burial cairns has been rebuilt, with access through an opening in the top down stairs to the base of the cairn and a stone burial cist. The two stone circles in Temple Wood have also been re-erected by archaeologists.
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Harhoog The graves at Harhoog are dated to the Neolithic and belonged to ancient settlements of the island's Funnelbeaker culture, probably around 3000 BC. There were once approximately 600 of them but today only about half of them still exist. The megalithic tombs are built with large, rough stone slabs (one or more) which are arranged in different patterns. Harhoog dolmen is an extended dolmen, under Ernst Sprockhoff's six-category classification; the other five types are simple dolmen, great dolmen, passage grave, long barrows (without a burial chamber) and cist. Harhhog was discovered in 1925 during excavations of earth for the construction of the Hindenburgdamm, but was only inspected archaeologically in 1936.
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It was originally an area of marshland along the banks of the Eridanos river which was used as a cemetery as long ago as the 3rd millennium BC. It became the site of an organised cemetery from about 1200 BC; numerous cist graves and burial offerings from the period have been discovered by archaeologists. Houses were constructed on the higher drier ground to the south. During the Archaic period increasingly large and complex grave mounds and monuments were built along the south bank of the Eridanos, lining the Sacred Way. The building of the new city wall in 478 BC, following the Persian sack of Athens in 480 BC, fundamentally changed the appearance of the area.
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Burial 160 is an elite burial that has been dated to 500-400 BC. It consists of an individual interred in a cist, accompanied by two ceramic vessels and ornaments that included tubes fashioned from deer bones and engraved with a mat design that in later times became associated with royalty. There was also the upper portion of a human skull that had been fashioned into a plaque. Due to these distinguishing features of the burial, the excavators concluded that it was that of a Middle Classic ruler of the settlement. The site of this burial remained important in later times, with the residential patio being converted into a ceremonial platform upon which was built a small pyramid temple.
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The discovery of a possible cist covered by a capstone at the centre of the circle indicates that there may once have been a cairn there, but only a conspicuous bump now remains. The ring of stones is not quite circular and has a somewhat "squashed" aspect, measuring along a WNW–ESE axis by . As is the case with other recumbent stone circles in the region, opposing pairs of stones have been erected on either side, increasing in height from a single low stone on the NNE side with the tallest stones, the flankers, opposite on the SSW side. The flankers are each about high, while the recumbent is long by high.
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Shaft graves are larger and deeper than cist graves (measuring on average 6 meters long, 4 meters wide, and 4 meters deep) and came about during the end of the Middle Helladic period. Additionally, infants are buried in special jars, pithoi, that generally measure around 30 inches tall. Based on the archaeological evidence, at Middle Helladic burial ceremonies bodies are placed in graves on their sides with their knees bent (women are placed on their left sides, and men on their right), then those present at the ceremony drink from cups that they then leave at the tomb. Burial customs also included leaving valued items with the bodies like pottery, silver, or bronze.
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At the Middle Helladic site Lerna, there are over 200 graves that have been excavated. While roughly 1/3 of these graves are extramural burials (bodies are buried outside of the community), intramural burials (bodies are buried within the community) make up 2/3 of the graves found including towns being built around a cist. Communities during the Middle Helladic period, specifically Lerna, had irregular layouts with no specific pattern, and houses were tightly packed together. It is theorized that the arrangement of houses may have been based on living close to extended family or close to members of a similar group or faction. Houses were one story tall, built in a “U” shape, and made of clay.
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Three exploratory excavations were conducted in the 19th century: the first by the owner, Mr Thornhill in 1812, a second by William Bateman and S. Mitchell in 1824, and a third by Thomas Bateman in 1848.GIB HILL, Pastscape, retrieved 27 September 2012 The 1848 excavations uncovered a cist of early Bronze Age date, containing a cremation and food vessel. The complex structure of the barrow suggests that it consists of a Neolithic oval barrow with an Early Bronze Age round barrow superimposed at one end.History and Research: Arbor Low Henge and Stone Circle and Gib Hill Barrow, English Heritage, retrieved 27 September 2012 This configuration can be seen clearly by looking up at the barrow from the north.
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Chapter two, "Objects of memory", examines the inclusion of grave goods in Early Medieval burials, among them jewellery and weaponry, emphasising the mnemonic effects that these might have had on those attending the funeral. In "Remembering through the body", Williams examines mnemonic elements to the manner in which the corpse was prepared before cremation or inhumation, resulting in its burial. Chapter four, "Graves as mnemonic compositions", argues that Early Medieval graves were "mnemonic performances aimed at constructing the present in relation to the past and future." Looking at the sequence of scenes that onlookers would have witnessed, it discusses graves and grave structures, before using Snape, Sutton Hoo, and the northern cist burials, as case studies.
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Consistent with the long period of occupation, burials in the necropolis west of the town are of five kinds: Neolithic rock shelter burials; cist graves built of vertical slabs with Cycladic parallels; small rock-built tombs; jar burials; and tombs imitating houses. Artifacts from the necropolis included clay vases, stone vessels, obsidian, bronze tools and jewelry. Burials broke off in Middle Minoan, before the town underwent its Late Minoan expansion. The Late Minoan I building that occupies the northern side of the plateia, cautiously identified as a "civic shrine", featured painted stucco bas-reliefs in its upper floor and retains a fresco fragment of two women in Minoan dress of complicated woven design who face one another.
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Chapel Hill, Balladoole is a significant historical and archaeological site in Arbory on the Isle of Man. The site is a short distance from Castletown in the south of the Island. It is located on a small hilltop overlooking the coast. Balladoole has undergone extensive archaeological excavations in the 20th century, most notably in 1944-1945 by German archaeologist Gerhard Bersu who was interned on the Isle of Man during World War II. The site has been in ritual use for millennia: archaeological excavations of the hilltop have uncovered Mesolithic remains; a Bronze Age cist; an Iron Age hill fort; a Christian keeill (a small chapel); a Christian burial ground, and a Viking Age boat burial.
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Pomeranian face urns This article's last major culture covering most Polish lands, the Pomeranian culture, developed in the 7th century BC in eastern Pomerania. This region had preserved a distinct cultural identity throughout the middle and late Bronze Age; unlike the rest of the Lusatian lands they kept the custom of raising burial mounds or barrows above the graves. Those were covered by a layer of stones and the urns were placed in a chest, or cist built of rock pieces. At the outset of the Iron Age the eastern Pomeranians became involved in long distance amber trade that ranged from the Sambian Peninsula, through Pomerania, the Lusatian and Hallstatt lands all the way to Italy.
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The tomb at Züschen Wartberg material is also found in a number of gallery graves (a type of megalithic tomb). Their connection with the Wartberg settlements was only recognised in the 1960s and 1970s, thus the tombs are sometimes treated separately as the Hessian-Westphalian stone cist group (Hessisch-Westfälische Steinkistengruppe).Schrickel 1976 These include the tombs at Züschen near Fritzlar, at Lohra, at Naumburg-Altendorf, at Hadamar-Niederzeuzheim (now rebuilt in a park at Hachenburg), at Beselich-Niedertiefenbach, at Warburg, Rimbeck and at Grossenrode, as well as two tombs near the Calden enclosure.Jockenhövel 1990, 162-166; Raetzel-Fabian 2000, 112-129 A tomb at Muschenheim near Münzenberg may also belong to the same type,M.
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Illustration by William Copeland Borlase 1872 Position of the stones Stone circles such as that at Boskednan, were erected in the late Neolithic or in the early Bronze Age by representatives of a Megalithic culture. The first mention of the stone circle in modern times, in 1754, is found in the work Antiquities, historical and monumental, of the County of Cornwall by William Borlase, who reported 19 upright standing stones. William Copeland Borlase, a descendant of the earlier Borlase, conducted excavations and found a cist and a funerary urn near the stone circle, dating from the early Bronze Age. Borlase described his discoveries in 1872 in his work Naenia Cornubiae, which concerns prehistoric monuments of Cornwall.
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MSTP configures for every VLAN a single spanning tree active topology in a manner that there's at least one data route between any two end stations, eliminating data loops. It specifies various "objects" allowing out the algorithm to operate in a proper way. The different bridges in the various VLANs start advertising their own configuration to other bridges using the MST Configuration Identifier in order to allocate frames with given VIDs (VLAN ID) to any of the different MSTI. A priority vector is utilized to construct the CIST, it connects all the bridges and LANs in a Bridged LAN and ensures that paths within each region are always preferred to paths outside the Region.
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The Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) and algorithm, provides both simple and full connectivity assigned to any given Virtual LAN (VLAN) throughout a Bridged Local Area Network. MSTP uses BPDUs to exchange information between spanning-tree compatible devices, to prevent loops in each MSTI (Multiple Spanning Tree Instances) and in the CIST (Common and Internal Spanning Tree), by selecting active and blocked paths. This is done as well as in STP without the need of manually enabling backup links and getting rid of bridge loops danger. Moreover, MSTP allows frames/packets assigned to different VLANs to follow separate paths, each based on an independent MSTI, within MST Regions composed of LANs and or MST Bridges.
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The Lovell family became prominent in the frontier town. Eliza's father was elected to several positions; as a town councilman, city councilman, and President of the Fire Wardens' Association; he was called as a New Jerusalem minister, and selected as a trustee of the city water works, the Woodward School,Charles Theodore Greve, Centennial History of Cincinnati and Representative Citizens, Vol 1, (Chicago: Biographical Pub., 1904), passimSee also Charles Cist, Cincinnati in 1841, (Cincinnati: The Author, 1841)The Cincinnati directory containing the names, profession and occupation of the inhabitants ..., (Cincinnati, Ohio: Oliver Farnsworth, 1819)Annals of the New Church, (Philadelphia: Academy of the New Church, 1898), 396, 412. and the Academy of Fine Arts.
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In the early summer of 1974 it was decided to remove the weathered and overgrown fragments to the National Museum of Ireland. A limited excavation was undertaken in its immediate vicinity which revealed that 'the stone stood in a flat-bottomed pit which had been deliberately sunk 80cm into the subsoil to receive it' (Raftery 1978, 51-2). Immediately E of the stone were two pits one of which may be identified as the remains of the cist burial identified by Macalister as it contained tiny fragments of burnt bone (CV013-026003-). The two fragments of the Killycluggin Stone are on display in the Cavan County Museum, Ballyjamesduff, while a replica stands at the cross-roads c.
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These investigations concentrated on a vast cemetery of Early Roman chamber tombs and Roman to Early Byzantine cist graves, an opulent residential quarter facing seaward, and other large structures overlooking the harbour. The bountiful artifacts and structures found both at the harbour and on Koutsongila reveal the considerable wealth of local residents, including several objects of exceptional artistic quality, and a connection to points of production and exchange to the east in the Aegean islands, Asia Minor, and the Near East.J. L. Rife, M. M. Morison, A. Barbet, R. K. Dunn, D. H. Ubelaker, and F. Monier. "Life and death at a port in Roman Greece: The Kenchreai Cemetery Project 2002-2006" Hesperia 76 (2007): 143-181.
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After the excavation of building C, the same team started to investigate an area where there was a large concentration of materials as well as a monolithic stone sarcophagus on the surface.Only two stone sarcophagi have been found in Menorca: one at Sanitja and another at Es Cap des Port in Fornells, where there was another Early Christian basilica Archaeologists located a building with rectangular rooms and Opus signinum pavements that presented a cluster of tombs both inside and outside its limits. The four tombs located inside the building (underneath its pavement) were of the cista type (rectangular pits lined by stone slabs). Also, 21 cist tombs were excavated in its surroundings, all of them containing single burials (except one tombs that presented a multiple inhumation).
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It is listed as a Historic Monument It is a round-kerb cairn with a cist about 2m long. The capstone has fallen; the side stone slabs are more or less in their original positions. The cairn has no proven connection with the historical Taliesin, a 6th-century poet esteemed by the poets of medieval Wales as the founder of the Welsh poetic tradition whose surviving work includes praise poems to the rulers of the early Welsh kingdom of Powys and Rheged, in the Hen Ogledd (modern northern England/southern Scotland). He became a figure of legend in medieval Wales and his association with Elffin ap Gwyddno, son of the king of the fabled Cantre'r Gwaelod, off the coast of Ceredigion, may account for the monument's name.
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Weiss said he would give Mr. Ginder of land if he showed where the coal was found, and Mr. Ginder agreed to the deal. Col. Weiss took the specimen by horseback to Philadelphia and had it further inspected by John Nicholson, Michael Hillegas, and brother-in-law Charlie Cist; Hillegas had been the Treasurer of the United States under the Continental Congress through the American Revolution. Upon authentication, Weiss was authorized to grant Ginter what he propositioned for his discovery upon pointing out the exact location where it was found. Ginter built a mill on the tract of land he acquired but was later deprived of it by the owner who had filed a prior claim at the US patent office.
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Bronze Age archaeology is also present in the area. Numerous short cist burials have been found in the area, including one found in 1994 at West Scryne, a mile north-east of Carnoustie, that was radiocarbon dated to between 1730 and 1450 BC. The presence of Bronze Age round barrows at Craigmill is also indicated by cropmarks. From the Iron Age, perhaps the most prominent remains are of the Dundee Law Hill Fort, with the Iron Age fort at Craigmill Den being less well known. Near to Carnoustie can be found the souterrains at Carlungie and Ardestie, which date from around the 2nd century AD. Several brochs are also found in the area, including the ruins at Drumsturdy; and at Craighill.
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Collared urns have been found at sites such as the former Garlands Hospital (now the Carleton Clinic near Carlisle), Aughertree Fell, Aglionby, and at Eskmeals (with a cist burial, cremation pits, and a flint-knapping site). Activity round the Morecambe Bay region seems to have been less than in the West Cumbrian Coastal Plain, although there is evidence for significant settlement on Walney Island, and at Sizergh, Levens Park and Allithwaite where Beaker burials took place. This southern area of the county also has approximately 85 examples of perforated axe- hammers, rarely found in the rest of the county. These, like the Neolithic stone axes, seem to have been deposited deliberately (with axe finds being more coastal in distribution).Barrowclough (2010), p. 153.
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What preceded the Norman village is less clear, although land at the mouth of the river is likely to have been used throughout antiquity, coastal plains being some of the first areas of recorded human settlement in Britain. A few flint tools from the Mesolithic period, before 4000 BCE, have been found on a beach above Alnmouth – the sea level was higher in that period – and there is known to have been a major Mesolithic camp at Howick, a few miles up the coast. No evidence has been found for the Neolithic period, but the expectation is that the area continued to be populated or used. A number of Bronze Age remains have been found in the vicinity of Alnmouth, including cist burials and a spear-head.
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The contents of Circle B are less wealthy than those of Circle A. Pottery material spanning the entire Early Helladic was discovered 1877–78 by Panagiotis Stamatakis at a low depth in the sixth shaft grave in Circle A. Further EH and MH material was found beneath the walls and floors of the palace, on the summit of the acropolis, and outside the Lion Gate in the area of the ancient cemetery.. An EH–MH settlement was discovered near a fresh-water well on top of the Kalkani hill south-west of the acropolis. The first burials in pits or cist graves manifest in MHII (c. 1800 BC) on the west slope of the acropolis, which was at least partially enclosed by the earliest circuit wall.
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Outside the partial circuit wall, Grave Circle B, named for its enclosing wall, contained ten cist graves in Middle Helladic style and several shaft graves, sunk more deeply, with interments resting in cists. Richer grave goods mark the burials as possibly regal. Mounds over the top contained broken drinking vessels and bones from a repast, testifying to a more than ordinary farewell.. Stelae surmounted the mounds.. A walled enclosure, Grave Circle A, included six more shaft graves, with nine female, eight male, and two juvenile interments. Grave goods were more costly than in Circle B. The presence of engraved and inlaid swords and daggers, with spear points and arrowheads, leave little doubt that warrior chieftains and their families were buried here.
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Neolithic cup and ring marked stones have been found in the area. Bronze Age archaeology has been found nearby, with a short cist burial found a mile to the south-east of the village, containing bones and a flint spearhead, and a bronze axehead found nearby.Jervise (1953); Jervise (1957); Coles (1971) The Brown Caterthun and the White Caterthun, hillforts dating from the Iron Age, can also be seen nearby. A number of Pictish symbol stones have been found in Menmuir, including a cross-slab and a sculptured stone found in the kirkyard around 1844 when an old wall was demolished,Allen and Anderson (1903); Cron (1843) three fragments, found in the grounds of the village Manse in 1943,Stevenson (1958) and another class III fragment reported in 1986.
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Evidence formerly cited for the battle included the large number of human remains found on Barry Links, where the town of Carnoustie, Angus now stands, now reinterpreted as a Pictish cemetery of earlier date.Dickson, R. (1878) Notice of the discovery of stone coffins at Carnoustie, Forfarshire , Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 12, 611-615, ads.ahds.ac.uk; retrieved 2 September 2008. Dickson reports three long cist burials disinterred in 1878. The burials were aligned with feet pointing to the east, signifying Christian burial and, despite Gordon's (1726) assertions about size, gives a femur size of 18" (46 cm), suggesting a height of 5'6" (1.67 m) for the largest skeleton. Dickson also refers to 30 cists unearthed in 1810 during the construction of what is now the Erskine United Free Church.
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The southwest area of the hill fort is apparently built over and around preceding Bronze Age burial mounds or tumuli. Part of the inner ditch is occupied by a large circular barrow, which was excavated, but was found empty. A few feet further to the west are two other barrows, over which the great inner rampart passes; these on opening, proved to be sepulchral: in the largest was found a cist containing burned human bones at the depth of two feet; and in the smallest, two skeletons were found, lying from south to north, the head of the smallest reclining on the breast of the other. On the breast of the largest skeleton there was a small ring or bead of stone, which was probably worn as an amulet.
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A burial disinterred near the Camuston cross was attributed by Maule as being the body of Camus: > Nine years after I wrote that treatise, a plough turning up the ground > discovered a sepulchre, believed to be that of Camus, enclosed with four > great stones. Here a huge skeleton was dug up, supposed to have been the > body of Camus; it appeared to have received its death by a wound on the back > part of the head, seeing a considerable part of the skull was cut away, and > probably by the stroke of a sword Quoted in: Little information of the burial exists, but goods found in the cist were kept at Brechin Castle. These were sketched by Jervise and are typical of Bronze Age artefacts, found fairly commonly in the area.
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The Lusatian culture of the Hallstatt periods included most lands of present- day Poland, including the related Białowice culture (Zielona Góra County) in some of the westernmost parts, contemporaneous with Hallstatt C and D and later and credited with the passing of a "cist" (rock encasement) grave type to the Pomeranian culture. Western Poland was more highly developed, with local manufacturing; jewelry and other decorative products made of iron, bronze, glass, amber and other materials as well as luxurious painted ceramics were patterned after the Hallstatt craft. In many graveyards the dead were buried in wooden chambers. The burials found in Gorszewice (Szamotuły County) in Greater Poland (650–550 BC) are supplied with fancy equipment and resemble the graves of the Hallstatt tribal chiefs; similarly there are other treasures of luxurious and prestigious objects.
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Limited excavations were done in the two depressions just north and east of the main roomblock, but the areas each appear to be the location of a great kiva, where inhabitants of Rudd Creek Pueblo held ceremonies or ritual gatherings. The fill in the depression just north of the roomblock (Unit 15) yielded large amounts of ash and charred roof beam. Because of excessive looting in this unit, only a slab-lined cist was found in the base. A number of artifacts were found interred on the floor (three bone artifacts, a corrugated jar, two Tularosa Black-on-white jars, a Wingate Black-on-red bowl, an unidentifiable black and white ladle, a two-handed mano, and several mineral fragments) and appear to have been done so intentionally.
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One VLAN mapped to multiple spanning trees is not allowed. All the VLANs are mapped to the CIST by default. Once a VLAN is mapped to a specified MSTI, it is removed from the CIST.To avoid unnecessary STP processing, a port that is attached to a LAN with no other bridges/switches attached, can be configured as an edge port. An example of how to configure a simple, three switch MSTP topology wherein a layer-two access switch carries four VLANs and has two uplinks to two distribution switches, can be found here: MSTP Configuration Guide A good configuration view, from the above-mentioned example shall be: S3# show spanning-tree mst ##### MST0 vlans mapped: 1-19,21-39,41-4094 Bridge address 000e.8316.f500 priority 32768 (32768 sysid 0) Root address 0013.
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The Council for Scottish Archaeology: Balgarthno Stone Circle The circle has been subject to vandalism in the past and has recently been fenced off to protect it.BBC News: Stone circle protected by fence Bronze Age finds are fairly abundant in Dundee and the surrounding area, particularly in the form of short cist burials.See for example: Coutts (1963–64); Kerr (1896) From the Iron Age, perhaps the most prominent remains are of the Law Hill Fort,Driscoll (1995) although domestic remains are also well represented.Gibson (1989) Near to Dundee can be found the well-characterised souterrains at Carlungie and Ardestie, which date from around the 2nd century AD.Armit (1999) Several brochs are also found in the area, including the ruins at Laws Hill near Monifieth,Feachem(1977); Brand- dd.
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Tarbat Old Church Portmahomack is the site of the first confirmed Pictish monastery and the subject between 1994 and 2007 of one of the largest archaeological investigations in Scotland directed by Martin Carver (b. 1941). The monastery began around 550 AD and was destroyed by fire in about 800 AD. It had a burial ground with cist and head- support burials, a stone church, at least four monumental stone crosses and workshops making church plate and early Christian books. The making of vellum in an early medieval site was detected for the first time here by Cecily Spall of FAS Ltd. Over two hundred pieces of sculpture have been found, some of it broken up in a layer of burning suggesting that the monastic buildings were violently destroyed, possibly in a Viking raid, about the year 800.
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Given the lack of data available in southern Iberia in relation to the Bronze Age, the discoveries unearthed at Bray's Cave are of great importance. Previous findings, conducted by George Palao at Judge's Cave, Pete's Paradise Cave and Devil's Fall Cave, excavations carried out by non-specialists, suggested that some of the caves of Gibraltar had had a funerary use. A large circular-shaped rimstone with an approximate diameter of is located towards the bottom of the cave; a significant accumulation of angular interlocked limestone clasts were documented here, constituting the closure of a burial of great archaeological interest where several secondary burials had been carried out adapting the rimstone as if it were a cist or niche. The burials are scattered throughout the cave, demonstrating burial areas and areas resulting from the removal of these to be reused.
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Fragment of the Killycluggin Stone by Seán P. Ó Riordáin, in The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, Vol. 82, No. 1 (1952), p. 68 # A Bronze Age stone cist discovered when excavating the Killycluggin Stone (Site number 165 in Archaeological Inventory of County Cavan, Patrick O’Donovan, 1995) # A Megalithic Tomb (Site number 46 in Archaeological Inventory of County Cavan, Patrick O’Donovan, 1995, where it is described as- There are three set stones here. A large stone, 1.8m by 0.25m by 1m high, is aligned E-W. To the S and at right angles to its W end is a second stone, 1.25m by 0.25m by 0.4m in exposed height. The third stone, 0.7m W of the S end of the last, is aligned E-W and measures 0.6m by 0.4m by 0.6m high.
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The first attributes the destruction of Mycenaean sites to invaders.. The hypothesis of a Dorian invasion, known as such in Ancient Greek tradition, that led to the end of Mycenaean Greece, is supported by sporadic archaeological evidence such as new types of burials, in particular cist graves, and the use of a new dialect of Greek, the Doric one. It appears that the Dorians moved southward gradually over a number of years and devastated the territory, until they managed to establish themselves in the Mycenaean centers.. A new type of ceramic also appeared, called "Barbarian Ware" because it was attributed to invaders from the north. On the other hand, the collapse of Mycenaean Greece coincides with the activity of the Sea Peoples in the Eastern Mediterranean. They caused widespread destruction in Anatolia and the Levant and were finally defeated by Pharaoh Ramesses III in c.
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In the antechamber was another chest with another golden larnax containing the bones of a woman wrapped in a golden-purple cloth with a golden diadem decorated with flowers and enamel, indicating a queen (probably Philip's Thracian wife, Meda) who by tradition sacrificed herself at the funeral. Also included was another burial bed partially destroyed by the fire and on it a golden wreath representing leaves and flowers of myrtle. Above the Doric order entrance of the tomb is a magnificent wall painting measuring representing a hunting scene, believed to be the work of the celebrated Philoxenos of Eretria, and thought to show Philip and Alexander. Remains from the funerary pyre of Philip II Next to him in Tomb I a distinctive member of his family (probably Nikissipoli, another of his queens), was buried just a few years before in a cist grave, found unfortunately plundered.
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Artifacts excavated from a stone cist burial at Songguk-ri Excavations began there in 1975 and Songguk-ri was one of the first archaeological sites in South Korea to yield bronze artifacts, large tubular greenstone beads, and pit-houses with rounded plan-shapes. Rounded pit-houses similar with those of Songguk-ri were later found at other archaeological sites along with a suite of other co-occurring artifacts prompting archaeologists to use Songguk-ri as the type site for Middle Mumun culture and label features and artifacts from there and other Middle Mumun sites as 'Songguk-ri Style'. In particular, the term Songguk-ri-style pit-house is the typological name given to Middle Mumun Period dwellings in southern Korea. The site has been excavated a number of times by branches of the National Museum of Korea (Buyeo National Museum 2000; National Museum of Korea 1979, 1986, 1987).
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Hope- Taylor's thesis on culture contact can no longer be held in the terms in which he expressed it but Leslie Alcock (1988) has shown how a number of sites associated with Northumbrian kings in the 7th and 8th centuries, Yeavering among them, developed from earlier defended centres in what is now northern England and southern Scotland (England and Scotland had not at that time come into being as separate states). Similarly, Sam Lucy (2005) looked to the tradition of long cist burials in Scotland for affinities with those at Yeavering, as Hope-Taylor had done. So, as archaeological studies have developed, the idea that some aspects of Yeavering can be placed within a northern tradition has gained support. In the first detailed study of the Auditorium since Hope-Taylor's, Paul Barnwell (2005) was persuaded of Hope- Taylor's understanding of its structure and also of its reference to the Roman world; the theatres is an instrument of Roman provincial governance rather than imperial presence.
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Clark Clifford > told me that Max was worried about an Internal Security bill (of 1950). However, Spingarn also suspected that Lowenthal (and Connelly) "stuck the knife in me." Phileo Nash told Spingarn it was Connelly, influenced by Lowenthal: > I mentioned that Max Lowenthal had once told Niles, and possibly others that > I was a Fa[s]cist, that was in 1949, because I told Lowenthal I favored > wiretapping under proper controls... Nash said it was quite possible that > Max Lowenthal was very vindictive, and he mentioned that Max Lowenthal is > currently spending much time in Matt’s office with L’s son. Spingarn further recalled: > There was an operation run, more or less, under the supervision of Max > Lowenthal in the basement of the White House which was to prepare answers to > the charges that McCarthy was hurling so freely during all that period and > get them ready in a hurry, not wait until the lie had gone around the world > before the truth has gotten its pants on.
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The dream of establishing a National Centre for Folk Music in Wales was realised after Siamas Cyf, the company created by local volunteers to oversee the project, managed to secure £1.2 of public funding from Gwynedd County Council via their Local Regeneration Fund, (a fund of money awarded to local authorities by the Welsh Assembly); European Objective 1 regional aid; the old Welsh Development Agency now part of the Welsh Assembly Government's Department of Enterprise, Innovation and Networks; Cronfa Arbrofol Eryri, provided by Snowdonia National Park; and Cist Gwynedd, provided by the Economy and Regeneration Service of Gwynedd County Council. The vision was to create a national centre for the folk music of Wales which would contribute to the understanding of Welsh heritage and the revival of Welsh culture, traditions and customs. Tŷ Siamas are currently conducting a pilot project in local schools (Brithdir, Rhydymain and Dinas Mawddwy) with the poet Twm Morys on three old Welsh musical customs associated with the winter - Mari Lwyd, Calennig, and the Plygain.
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Connelly married Doris and had one son. In a 1967 interview with Truman Library oral historian Jerry N. Hess, Stephen J. Spingarn, Federal Trade Commission Commissioner (1950–1953), suspected that Max Lowenthal and Connelly "stuck the knife in me." Philleo Nash told Spingarn it was Connelly, influenced by Lowenthal: > I mentioned that Max Lowenthal had once told Niles, and possibly others that > I was a Fa[s]cist, that was in 1949, because I told Lowenthal I favored > wiretapping under proper controls ... Nash said it was quite possible that > Max Lowenthal was very vindictive, and he mentioned that Max Lowenthal is > currently spending much time in Matt's office with L's son. Spingarn further recalled: > There was an operation run, more or less, under the supervision of Max > Lowenthal in the basement of the White House which was to prepare answers to > the charges that McCarthy was hurling so freely during all that period and > get them ready in a hurry, not wait until the lie had gone around the world > before the truth has gotten its pants on.
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Alderney shares its prehistory with the other islands in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, becoming an island in the Neolithic period as the waters of the Channel rose. Formerly rich in dolmens, like the other Channel Islands, Alderney with its heritage of megaliths has suffered through the large-scale military constructions of the 19th century and also by the Germans during the World War II occupation, who left the remains at Les Pourciaux unrecognisable as dolmens. A cist survives near Fort Tourgis, and Longis Common has remains of an Iron Age site. There are traces of Roman occupationA Visitor's Guide to Guernsey, Alderney and Sark", Victor Coysh, 1983 including a fort, built in the late 300s, at above the island's only natural harbour."Alderney ruin found to be Roman fort", BBC News, 25 November 2011, accessed 7 December 2011.Nicholas Hogben, "ALDERNEY’S ‘SHORE FORT’": "My best guess is that the outer structure was constructed in the second half of the third century or later by the Roman navy around an existing combined harbour master's and revenue office, perhaps to protect it, and hence the island, from the ‘pirates’ that Carausius hunted.
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IEEE 802.1D and IEEE 802.1aq BPDUs have the following format: '' 1\. Protocol ID: 2 bytes (0x0000 IEEE 802.1D) 2\. Version ID: 1 byte (0x00 Config & TCN / 0x02 RST / 0x03 MST / 0x04 SPT BPDU) 3\. BPDU Type: 1 byte (0x00 STP Config BPDU, 0x80 TCN BPDU, 0x02 RST/MST Config BPDU) 4\. Flags: 1 byte bits : usage 1 : 0 or 1 for Topology Change 2 : 0 (unused) or 1 for Proposal in RST/MST/SPT BPDU 3-4 : 00 (unused) or 01 for Port Role Alternate/Backup in RST/MST/SPT BPDU 10 for Port Role Root in RST/MST/SPT BPDU 11 for Port Role Designated in RST/MST/SPT BPDU 5 : 0 (unused) or 1 for Learning in RST/MST/SPT BPDU 6 : 0 (unused) or 1 for Forwarding in RST/MST/SPT BPDU 7 : 0 (unused) or 1 for Agreement in RST/MST/SPT BPDU 8 : 0 or 1 for Topology Change Acknowledgement 5\. Root ID: 8 bytes (CIST Root ID in MST/SPT BPDU) bits : usage 1-4 : Root Bridge Priority 5-16 : Root Bridge System ID Extension 17-64 : Root Bridge MAC Address 6\.
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View of Hadamar about 1900 One of the oldest witnesses to the Hadamar region's settlement is the cist (see also Megaliths) stemming from the Wartberg culture, and therefore some 5,000 years old, in Hadamar-Niederzeuzheim. A further grave was found in Oberzeuzheim, but it was taken apart and reassembled in the castle garden at Hachenburg (Westerwaldkreis). Out of all today's constituent communities, Oberweyer and Niederweyer were the first to be mentioned in documents, in 772. The town's name itself did not have its first documentary mention until 832 in a Carolingian exchange document. On the spot where now stands the Renaissance palace on the banks of the Elbbach, Cistercian monks from Eberbach Abbey in the Rheingau worked a model farm in the 13th century which Count Emich von Nassau-Hadamar bought in 1320 and converted into a moated castle. In 1324, Emperor Ludwig IV granted him Frankfurt town rights for his residence. A yearly fair is known to have existed in 1430. Hadamar Schloss (Hadamar palace) After a devastating fire in the 16th century, there were great changes to the town's appearance in the 17th century. The town had Count, later Prince, Johann Ludwig von Nassau-Hadamar (1590–1653) to thank for the new building work.
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