"The twin balance wheels of the HM9 engine feed two sets of chronometric data to a central differential for an averaged reading," they wrote.
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4, pp. 347-379.Schwarcz, H.P., 1997, Chapter 6: Uranium series dating in R.E. Taylor and J.M. Aitken, eds., pp. 159-182. Chronometric Dating in Archaeology.
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In the basic chronometric paradigm, the subject experiences a warning stimulus, followed by an interval (foreperiod), and then an imperative stimulus that the subject must respond to (see chronometric paradigm). During this foreperiod, the subject may be able to prepare a unimanual response, based on information from the warning stimulus. Part of this preparation includes a slow negative wave bilaterally distributed over pre- and post-central sites, the readiness potential.Kornhuber, H.H.; Deecke, L. (1965).
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Zelmanov A. L. Chronometric invariants. Dissertation, 1944. American Research Press, Rehoboth (NM), 2006, 232 pages. Free online access to the book is provided by Progress in Physics, the journal on physics.
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2nd Ed. Oxford University Press. 2008 Tree- ring dating is useful in that it can contribute to "chronometric", "environmental", and "behavioral" archaeological research.Nash S. E. Archaeological Tree-Ring Dating at the Millennium. Journal of Archaeological Research, Vol.
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Zelmanov A. L. Chronometric invariants and co-moving coordinates in the general relativity theory. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1956, v.107(6), 815-818. Many researchers were working on the theory of observable quantities in the 1940s.
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So every publication is a concentrate of his fundamental scientific ideas. His main books Chronometric Invariants and Lectures on General RelativityZelmanov A. L. Lectures on General Relativity. American Research Press, Rehoboth (NM), 2007 (in print).Zelmanov A. L. and Agakov V. G. Elements of General Relativity.
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In 1993, John Wearden claimed that human behavior exhibits appropriate scalar properties, as was indicated by experiments on internal production with concurrent chronometric counting. However, human timing behavior is undoubtedly more varied than animal timing behavior. A major factor responsible for this variability is attentional allocation.
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He is a member of the International Calibration (IntCal) group. His recent work has focused on improving the radiocarbon calibration record and synthesizing radiocarbon data with other chronometric information. In October 2012, Bronk Ramsey published the first wholly terrestrial radiocarbon calibration record extending back to the limit of the technique.
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A chronometric singularity (also called a temporal or horological singularity) is a point at which time cannot be measured or described. An example involves a time at a coordinate singularity, e.g.a geographical pole. Since time on Earth is measured through longitudes, and no unique longitude exists at a pole, time is not defined uniquely at this point.
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Only Zelmanov arrived at general mathematical methods to define physical observable quantities in pseudo-Riemannian spaces, and collected all the methods in complete theory. In developing the apparatus he also created other mathematical methods, namely — kinemetric invariantsZelmanov A. L. Kinemetric invariants and their relation to chronometric invariants in Einstein's theory of gravitation. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1973, v.209(4), 822-825.
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Grey Walter and colleagues conducted the experiment in the chronometric paradigm. They had noticed that the electric response became attenuated, or habituated when a single stimulus is repeated. They also noticed that the amplitude of the electric response returned when a second stimulus was associated with the first stimulus. These effects were strengthened when a behavioral response was required for the second stimulus.
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He claimed confirmation, but generally his chronometric cosmology has not found favor. For instance, Abraham H. Taub reviewed Mathematical Cosmology and Extragalactic Astronomy, saying As for the cosmic microwave background, in the chronometric view, "The observed blackbody... is simply the most likely disposition of remnants of light on a purely random basis... and is not at all uniquely indicative of a Big Bang."Aubert Diagneault (2005) "Standard Cosmology and Other Possible Universes", chapter 13 of Physics Before and After Einstein, M.M. Capria editor, IOS Press In 2005 A. Daigneault spoke on "Irving Segal's Axiomitization of Spacetime and it Cosmological Consequences" in Budapest.A. Diagneault (2005) Irving Segal's Axiomatization of Spacetime and it Cosmological Consequences, invited lecture at Budapest He concedes at the outset that Segal's cosmology is "generally ignored by astrophysicists", and that the model was first proposed by Einstein in 1917 and is "supposedly discredited".
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His treatise on "chronometric marvels" is the first work describing a universal joint and providing the classification of gear teeth. Among his most famous works is the book Magia universalis naturæ et artis (4 vols., Würtzburg, 1657–1659), filled with many mathematical problems and physical experiments, mostly from the areas of optics and acoustics. His Mechanica hydraulica-pneumatica (Würtzburg, 1657) contains the first description of von Guericke's air pump.
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In a chronometric paradigm, the first stimulus is called the warning stimulus and the second stimulus, often one that directs the subject to make a behavioral response, is called the imperative stimulus. The foreperiod is the time between the warning and imperative stimuli. The time between the imperative stimulus and the behavioral response is called the reaction time. The CNV, then, is seen in the foreperiod, between the warning and imperative stimulus.
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Paul Ditisheim was instrumental in developing the new generation of chronometers, improving them greatly through his studies on the impact of atmospheric pressure and magnetic fields. He invented the affix balance. Thanks to his inventions, he was able to make the most precise chronometers ever made. By 1903, his watches were awarded by the Kew and Neuchâtel Observatories contests. In 1912, he won the world’s chronometric record of the Royal Kew Observatory.
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After breakthrough discoveries in Kopčany and revised dating of Church of St. Margaret of Antioch, a revised archeological and artistic research have been done also in Kostoľany pod Tribečom. The church belongs to remaining sacral buildings in Slovakia that are considered to be of potential Great Moravian origin. The result of chronometric research of masonry published in 2015 indices that the church was built at the end of the 9th or in the first third of the 10th century.
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The sediment was also fossil-rich and often preserved partial skeletons of animals, implying that the researchers could potentially recover well-preserved and more complete fossils from the environment. Furthermore, the area had feldspars and volcanic glass that would be valuable for chronometric dating. From 1973 to 1977, the IARE campaigns resulted in the discovery of about 250 hominid fossils. The most famous of the Hadar discoveries is Lucy, the most complete A. afarensis skeleton that has been discovered.
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He, like many watch enthusiasts, knew Ulysse Nardin's name well. “I knew of the brand because of the many medals for accuracy and chronometric competitions that it had won. I was immediately interested in purchasing Ulysse Nardin. It was the opportunity to be involved in one of the truly great names in horology.” However, when Schnyder visited the manufacture, he discovered nothing more than a beautiful carcass housed in the original factory building that was constructed in 1864.
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Chronometric Explorations of Mind. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawerence Erlbaum Associates. among others, had not found behavioral differences in an auditory attention task that merely requires stimulus detection, possibly due to low-level auditory receptors being mapped tonotopically rather than spatially, as in vision. For this reason, Rhodes utilized an auditory localization task, finding that the time to shift attention increases with greater angular separation between attention and target, although this effect reached asymptote at locations more than of 90° from the forward direction.
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Oxidizable carbon ratio dating is a method of dating in archaeology and earth science that can be used to derive or estimate the age of soil and sediment samples up to 35,000 years old. The method is experimental, and it is not as widely used in archaeology as other chronometric methods such as radiocarbon dating. The methodology was introduced by Archaeology Consulting Team from Essex Junction in 1992.Frink, Douglas S. (1992) The Chemical Variability of Carbonized Organic Matter Through Time.
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After Einstein renounced his cosmological constant, and embraced the Friedmann-LeMaitre model of an expanding universe, most physicists of the twentieth century assumed that the cosmological constant is zero. If so (absent some other form of dark energy), the expansion of the universe would be decelerating. However, after Saul Perlmutter, Brian P. Schmidt, and Adam G. Riess introduced the theory of an accelerating universe during 1998, a positive cosmological constant has been revived as a simple explanation for dark energy. In 1976 Irving Segal revived the static universe in his chronometric cosmology.
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Abraham Zelmanov (May 15, 1913 - February 2, 1987), was a prominent scientist working in the General Theory of Relativity and cosmology. He first constructed, in 1944, the complete mathematical method to calculate physical observable quantities in the General Theory of Relativity (the theory of chronometric invariants). Applying the mathematical apparatus, in the 1940s, he established the basics of the theory of inhomogeneous anisotropic universe, where he determined specific kinds of all cosmological models — scenarios of evolution — which could be theoretically conceivable for a truly inhomogeneous and anisotropic Universe in the framework of Einstein's theory.
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Such units were made by other companies but only for applications requiring extreme precision. It was obvious to Haydon that there was a definite need for a much smaller, lighter and less expensive method of producing accurate speed drives for timers and control mechanisms. So, he developed what is well known in the industry as a Chronometric Governor for his DC motors covered by patent No. 2,523,298. It was less than 2 inches in diameter and ½” thick, weighed two ounces and sold as part of the motor to which it was attached for approximately $60.00.
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There are, however, various instances where the correlation is not as clear. This strategy may not apply when the parent- daughter pair achieve secular equilibrium very rapidly or when the half-life of the daughter nuclide is significantly shorter than the time that has elapsed since purification of the nuclear material, e.g. 237Np/233Pa. Another possible complication is if in environmental samples, non-equivalent metal/ion transport for parents and daughter species may complicate or invalidate the use of chronometric measurements. Special age-dating relationships exist, including the commonly employed 234U/230Th and 241Pu/241Am chronometers.
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Like the other 650-cc models, the Trophy gained unit construction in 1963. Coil ignition replaced the magneto. For 1964, the bike received stronger front forks, which improved handling. The Smiths Chronometric instruments were replaced by the magnetic type. In 1965, a locating pin for finding top dead center was added to allow timing without the use of a dial gauge. In 1966, the tank badge style changed from the "Harmonica" style to the "Eyebrow". Confusingly, the model designators for the US now reverted to TR6R and TR6C. The electrics changed to 12 volts, and a bigger 6-pint oil tank was added.
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At each point in the cosmos there is a convex future direction, meaning, "the future can never merge into the past", no spacetime curvature can close or loop.Segal, I.E., Zhou, Z., (1995) Maxwell's Equations in the Einstein Universe and Chronometric Cosmology, ApJS. Ser. 100, 307–324Segal, I.E., 1997, Cosmic time dilation, Ap. J. 482:L115-17 Building on common symmetry expressed by the Lorentz group, Poincare group, and conformal group of spacetime, Segal saw the closing up of the universe as consistent with compactification of spacetime used to define the conformal group. Segal reviewed redshift data to verify his cosmology.
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Undated Acheulean artifacts are abundant across West Africa, attesting to the presence of ancient humans. The emerging chronometric record of the Middle Stone Age (MSA) indicates that core and flake technologies have been present in West Africa since at least the Middle Pleistocene (~780-126 thousand years ago or ka), and that they persisted until the Terminal Pleistocene/Holocene boundary (~12ka)—the youngest examples of such technology anywhere in Africa. The presence of MSA populations in forests remains an open question, however technological differences may correlate with various ecological zones. Later Stone Age (LSA) populations evidence significant technological diversification, including both microlithic and macrolithic traditions.
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Sometimes we thought that we were not speaking with a contemporary scientist of the 20th century, but some famous philosopher from Classical Greece or the Middle Ages. So the themes of those discussions are eternal — the interior of the Universe, the place of a human being in the Universe, the nature of space and time. Zelmanov liked to remark that he preferred to make mathematical "instruments" than to use them in practice. Perhaps thereby his main goal in science was the mathematical apparatus of physical observable quantities in the General Theory of Relativity, completed in 1941-1944, and known as the theory of chronometric invariants.
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Solving Einstein's equations with his mathematical apparatus of chronometric invariants, Zelmanov obtained the total system of all cosmological models (scenarios of the Universe's evolution) which could be possible as derived from the equations. In particular, he had arrived at the possibility that infinitude may be relative. Later, in the 1950s, he enunciated the Infinite Relativity Principle: Most of his time was spent in scientific work, but he sometimes gave lectures on the General Theory of Relativity and relativistic cosmology as a science for the geometrical structure of the Universe. Because Zelmanov made scientific creation the main goal of his life, writing articles was a waste of time to him.
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Absolute dating is the process of determining an age on a specified chronology in archaeology and geology. Some scientists prefer the terms chronometric or calendar dating, as use of the word "absolute" implies an unwarranted certainty of accuracy. Absolute dating provides a numerical age or range in contrast with relative dating which places events in order without any measure of the age between events. In archaeology, absolute dating is usually based on the physical, chemical, and life properties of the materials of artifacts, buildings, or other items that have been modified by humans and by historical associations with materials with known dates (coins and written history).
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This question is sometimes phrased as the "Hohokam-Pima" or "Salado-Pima continuum", a phraseology that questions whether there is a connection between the prehistoric Hohokam and the first historic groups cited in the area. A key piece of the puzzle has recently been found when it was discovered that there was Sobaipuri (O'odham) present in the late prehistoric period (Seymour 2007a, 2011a, 2011b, 2014). Chronometric dates from multiple sites on the San Pedro and Santa Cruz rivers have produced evidence of Sobaipuri occupation in the 14th century (Seymour 2007, 2008, 2011a, 2011b; www.sobaipuri.com) and some even earlier, perhaps as early as the 13th century.
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From 1965 through 1967 pioneering development work was done on a miniaturized 8192 Hz quartz oscillator, a thermo-compensation module, and an in-house-made, dedicated integrated circuit (unlike the hybrid circuits used in the later Seiko Astron wristwatch). As a result, the BETA 1 prototype set new timekeeping performance records at the International Chronometric Competition held at the Observatory of Neuchâtel in 1967. In 1970, 18 manufacturers exhibited production versions of the beta 21 wristwatch, including the Omega Electroquartz as well as Patek Philippe, Rolex Oysterquartz and Piaget. Quartz Movement of the Seiko Astron, 1969 (Deutsches Uhrenmuseum, Inv. 2010-006) The first quartz watch to enter production was the Seiko 35 SQ Astron, which hit the shelves on 25 December 1969, swiftly followed by the Swiss Beta 21, and then a year later the prototype of one of the world's most accurate wristwatches to date: the Omega Marine Chronometer.
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