These criminals are chimeras, people with two types of DNA.
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A fair fraction of people are chimeras, it's becoming clear.
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Until then, work on human-animal chimeras "is premature," he said.
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People who are chimeras are totally normal, just like everybody else.
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It's anyone's guess as to what the new administration thinks about chimeras.
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The attempts at human-pig chimeras failed more often than they succeeded.
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Injecting rat pluripotent stem cells into mouse embryos produced rat-mouse chimeras.
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Bizarrely, these appealing Frankensteinian chimeras seem imbued with lives of their own.
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Of particular concern is creating chimeras with human cells in the brain.
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Chimeras of beasts merged with adorable house pets fly through the sky.
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All of these monsters turned out, in the end, to be chimeras.
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Chimeras can also be used to test experimental drugs or to study disease.
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The institutes' main concern involves the concept of chimeras acquiring a cognitive state.
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Even chimeras can be described in the language of clusters and symmetry subgroups.
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There has been greater progress in creating chimeras from more closely related animals.
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But still, when people discover they're chimeras, it can be a difficult thing.
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The embryos developed into chimeras, rats containing a mixture of mouse and rat cells.
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Such mixed-species creatures are known as chimeras, after a monster in Greek mythology.
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There was the expected laundry list of hoary, right-wing shibboleths, grudges and chimeras.
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These corporate chimeras are soon for the chop, as RWE moves upstream and E.ON downstream.
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She doesn't have a problem with the kinds of chimeras or enhancements that research might produce.
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If you want to make headlines, run around saying you're going to make animal-human chimeras.
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After the chimeras reached adulthood, the researchers located the spiny rat iPS cells within their bodies.
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The human-organ-growing pigs would be examples of chimeras, animals composed of two different genomes.
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If it's possible to grow these cells inexpensively in the lab, human chimeras may not be necessary.
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Human-pig chimeras could also be used for research into prenatal development and to test experimental drugs.
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It's where college kids and intrepid midnight munchers can order the Tex-Mex chimeras of their dreams.
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Wakayama had cautioned Obokata that chimeras were elusive, though; not even embryonic stem cells produced them consistently.
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Chimeras are typically mosaics in which each organ is a mixture of the host and donor cells.
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For that to happen, of course, the chimeras will need to gestate completely, be born, and grow up.
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These Legions are chimeras (those interdimensional demons mentioned earlier) that have been bound and submitted to your will.
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Chimeras will be more immediately useful in studying human embryogenesis, testing drugs and following the progress of disease.
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The mouse chimeras developed gall bladders made entire of rat cells, even though evolution took rat gall bladders away.
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Unlike the chimeras of the first referendum campaign, the choice facing voters could at least be costed and debated.
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Weeks ago, the firm proposed to reprint Notre-Dame's gargoyles and chimeras with material made from the fire rubble.
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In the same paper, the scientists — working under Salk's Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte — reported making rat-mouse chimeras, too.
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He argued that genomes assembled from DNA fragments could actually be chimeras, made up of genes from different species.
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Jones, for some reason, almost instantly starts talking about "human-animal chimeras," and that GMOs are the real aliens.
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"It does provide a foundation and a glimmer of hope that these human interspecies chimeras may be possible," he said.
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Any human organs growing in chimeras that scientists want to transplant or just study will need to be very human.
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But it's the first time this particular technique has been used to make chimeras — animals with parts from two different species.
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Just a few months ago, scientists debuted the world's first human-pig chimeras, or pig embryos injected with human stem cells.
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We chimeras owe our existence to the persistence of a Harvard-trained researcher later called The Father of Bone Marrow Transplantation.
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The Salk team did not report using CRISPR in the human-pig chimeras to help the pigs develop more humanlike organs.
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Because ethical guidelines advise against letting chimeras develop completely, the scientists gathered the 186 surviving embryos after 21 to 28 days.
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At least some of these chimeras are humans who've been corrupted until they turn into violent demons you have to kill.
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However, the success rate and level of human stem cell contributions in pigs was much lower than with the rat-mouse chimeras.
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Chimeras can technically have two different immune systems and blood types, Pappas said, which can cause issues with paternity and forensic testing.
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The strange combination of features gave the new species its name: Chimerarachne yingi, for the hybrid creatures called chimeras in Greek mythology.
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So yes, let's continue this line of research into human-pig chimeras—it's probably the best short term solution that we have.
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With the advance of both stem cell and gene editing technologies, the ability to create more sophisticated animal-human chimeras raised concerns.
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The discovery of chimeras ushered in a new era in sync science, revealing the conceivably countless exotic forms that synchronization can take.
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And the human-pig chimeras proved much harder to create than the scientists expected, taking four years instead of the expected one.
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"You play that angle" — such as by saying chimeras will provide transplantable organs to dying patients — "and, politically, you almost always win."
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From far away, chimeras such as "In Rotation (En Rotation)" (9453) dance upon their cardboard canvases, changing form as the viewer approaches.
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The scientists injected the stem cells into mice embryos and transplanted the embryos into female mice, which birthed 13 so-called chimeras.
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While working on the chimeras, Wakayama had taken some of the cells that Obokata gave him and placed them in a culture.
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Creating chimeras, especially those with human cells, may prove controversial, given the possibility that test animals could be humanized in undesirable ways.
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Biologists' interest in chimeras has been prompted by the limited success in coaxing medically useful tissues from stem cells grown in glassware.
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People like this are called chimeras, which comes from the ancient Greek term for a monster made from different animals put together.
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But the scientists deliberately suppressed the rat gene in charge of pancreas development, so the cuddly chimeras grew mostly mouse cell-only pancreases.
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This era of documentary filmmaking has been partly defined by the emergence of playful chimeras, but in many ways, such works are throwbacks.
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However, Muhl's case is even more rare because most people who are chimeras do not have such an obvious physical difference in traits.
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Many of these mouse-rat chimeras lived to adulthood, and one reached its second birthday which, for a small rodent, is old age.
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Then we'd get on with the business of discovering how ordinary vitality is thrilling and worth more than chimeras of ideal, uncomplicated beauty.
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And then there are other chimeras who have had a twin in the womb and that twin, maybe a fraternal twin, didn't survive.
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Lloyd Klein and Jocelyn Wildenstein attend the Jean-Yves Klein: Chimeras Exhibition at Gallery Molly Krom on October 8, 2015 in New York City.
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In November 2015, the institute said it would not support this line of research because there were concerns chimeras could acquire a cognitive state.
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The NIH proposed lifting that moratorium last August, requiring additional oversight of chimera experiments and barring the use of human cells to create chimeras.
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That's not a new species, by the way — though you could be forgiven for thinking so in a play crammed with hybrids and chimeras.
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In Greek myth, a chimera is a creepy combination of lion, goat, dragon — in humans, chimeras are one person who contains two sets of DNA.
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But he attained his stature through a reverse logic, in which the poeticized lens reveals hard facts, while everyday realties show themselves to be chimeras.
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Human-monkey chimeras with human organs could also be used in studies to test the effectiveness and safety of new drugs or other medical interventions.
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After the rat-mouse chimeras grew into adults, cells from those pancreases were transplanted into diabetic mice and the researchers found the disease was reversed.
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Of the human-pig chimeras, those with the most human cells were the most underdeveloped; those with the fewest seemed to be developing more normally.
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"Chimeras involving human cells can provide a unique window into human development," said Paul Knoepfler, a stem cell biologist at the University of California, Davis.
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Arvinas is working on so-called proteolysis targeting chimeras that harness the body's own natural protein disposal system to degrade and remove disease-causing proteins.
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In that period, a new spire was erected to replace an earlier one, flying buttresses were redone and new features were added, including the chimeras.
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His track record not only includes support for fetal tissue research but also human-embryonic stem cell experimentation, human-animal chimeras and even human cloning.
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And we have even spurred the hybridization of wild species, resulting in new chimeras, such as the Italian sparrow, yellow-flowered Yorkwort, and apple flies.
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I felt like a kid again, watching him paint elaborate vistas and strange chimeras of humans, exaggerating their features in a mix of surrealism and caricature.
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The creation of chimeras that include human organs is more challenging, because people are less closely related to sheep and pigs than mice are to rats.
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"Crazy Diamond," starring Steve Buscemi, is a nigh-incomprehensible clearance sale of dystopian premises — human-animal chimeras, extreme climate change, consumerism as a tool of oppression.
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Before a series of glamorous or pure, compellingly severe chimeras that mastered the chaos I perceived within and without all my life I have implored:— this.
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Dr. Izpisua Belmonte's insertion of human stem cells into pig embryos was not affected by the N.I.H. moratorium on such chimeras because he used private funds.
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It is a no-go-zone whose augmented reality is haunted by chimeras, magma heat, snakes with three heads, shamanic rituals, mysteries, convulsive beauties, and electric veins.
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Oh, also, chimeras are only visible to people with Legions; when you're riding around on your Beast Legion, regular people would just perceive you as floating around.
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Even if creating human-animal chimeras is not intrinsically wrong, is there an ethical problem in experimenting on and harvesting organs from a creature that is part-human?
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In the United States, for example, federal funds cannot be used to create human-animal chimeras, that is, organisms in which human and animal characteristics have been combined.
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There is a major disagreement about at what stage the human embryo can be considered a human being and where to draw the line with experimenting with chimeras.
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Last year, though, the National Institutes of Health banned funding of animal-human chimeras until it could figure out whether any of this work would bump against ethical boundaries.
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"In these chimeras from two different sexes there is a gonadic combination resulting in ambiguous genitalia and they have a higher risk of cancer in the gonads," Pappas said.
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Forensic scientists and a crime lab are studying chimeras, the technical term for rare cases in which people possess two distinct sets of DNA coding (The New York Times).
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Smith wants to try her hand at making animal chimeras, especially the "kitten with wings and horn" recipe from the French text; she's been in touch with a taxidermist.
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The chimeras used in biomedical research have been created, typically, by putting the human cells in at a later stage of development: at the fetal stage or even after birth.
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Then there are more specific questions about these chimeras: if human stem cells are injected into animal embryos, some of these cells will also go into organs like the brain.
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The tech titans do too, he says, not least because this serves to endorse the significance of "their own companies, of their own special philosophies and chimeras—of themselves really".
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Dr. Wolinetz of the N.I.H. said during a teleconference that she expected "some on-the-job learning" about what would happen with chimeras that had human cells in their brains.
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His experiment was approved by the authorities in Spain and in California, and following their advice, the development of the pig chimeras was stopped after four weeks in the womb.
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He told of the genesis of the Chimera, a beast from Greek mythology, connecting it to the biological circumstances of human chimeras, who contain an extra copy of genetic material.
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These pig chimeras were made by first producing human induced pluripotent stem cells — a type of basic master cell made from human skins cells in a lab dish using genetic tricks.
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The studies were just beginning, and the N.I.H. did not have any projects underway involving human-animal chimeras, a term derived from mythological creatures that were part goat, lion and snake.
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Those scientists experimented with several different chimeras, including rat cells injected into mouse embryos, rat cells injected into pig embryos, and human cells injected into pig embryos with varying levels of success.
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Work on human-animal chimeras was sanctioned in Spain two years ago, but the UCAM researchers went to China owing to the lack of suitable infrastructure in Spain, Núñez told El País.
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A third or so of the way in, however, this new novel kicks into gear as Mr. DeLillo begins to actively use his radar for the incongruities and chimeras of modern life.
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The obsession with voter fraud means that election officials end up "chasing chimeras," problems with no evidence that they actually exist, rather than dealing with the actual barriers to voting and representation.
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Zooming out for a second, the Fairphone certainly makes an interesting contrast with some of the expensive chimeras struggling to be unfolded at the top end of the smartphone market right now.
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This exotic kitty with two different colored eyes, and a furry face similarly split between two different colors, belongs to a rare, V.I.P. group of pussycats who may (or may not …) be chimeras.
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Here they give the world premiere of Alex Mincek's "Chimeras," the American premiere of Zosha Di Castri's "Phonotopographie" and the New York premiere of "The Intention," a collaboration between Chris Stark and King Britt.
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Previously, Izpisua Belmonte's research has included a successful rat/mouse hybrid, and pig/human chimeras which did not succeed, in part, because the immunological barrier between the two species was too difficult to overcome.
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Doctors and forensic scientists have long known that certain medical procedures turn people into chimeras, but where exactly a donor's DNA shows up — beyond blood — has rarely been studied with criminal applications in mind.
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Weird cat-chair chimeras: It can also create what are called "latent space interpolations" — looking at any number of doodle subjects, and combining them together in different ratios to create new sketches with multiple characteristics.
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At the funky end of the aesthetic spectrum is a collection of goofy, cartoonish stuffed creatures called Afreaks: dog-size chimeras covered in intricately patterned colored beads, by the Haas Brothers, the twins Nikolai and Simon.
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Image: Public DomainFor most of us, chimeras are a common aspect of mythology and the most tragic parts of our favorite anime, but for the science community, they hold both incredible research value and ethical concerns.
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Related: A Trippy Desert Mirage Emerges in a New Animated Music Video [Premiere] Zone Out to Raw Analog Signals in this Glitchy Music Video Pug-Squid Chimeras and Cop Orgies Fill This Surreal Video Art Piece
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And a handful of other researchers have started to dabble in human-animal brain chimeras—meaning they're putting human brain cells or tissue into animal brains, and letting the human bits integrate into the animal's brain.
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Similar neurotransmitter drugs could be used in the future to help boost the neural growth of all kinds of organs — whether they're taken from donors, grown in labs from stem cells, or grown inside human-pig chimeras.
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But an excerpt from a planned evening-length work, "Chimeras," belabored its use of an electronic element: a piped-in vocal part which "spoke" with an automated phone-operator's voice (before being chopped into less intelligible fragments).
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"A lot of people are not optimistic that you can have full-term births of chimeras when the two species are so far apart evolutionarily," said Wu. Pigs and humans shared a common ancestor about 96 million years ago.
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Mr. Riester also said that part of the southern belfry was "so heated that the stone is completely friable," leaving a risk that some chimeras — the famous snarling or horned creatures that are perched on the cathedral — might fall.
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Dr. Nakauchi moved his lab to Stanford from Tokyo in 2014 because Japanese regulations do not allow chimera research, only to be hit with the N.I.H. moratorium a year later, which prevented him from making chimeras with human cells.
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"But over time, what we've seen -- as stem cell technology has advanced and as gene editing technology has advanced -- we've seen the ability to create more sophisticated animal-human chimeras at a much earlier stage of embryonic development," she said.
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By the same token, this biological theory would deal a credibility blow to angels, demons, fairies, vampires, and werewolves, plus all those creatures assembled, as by an insane taxidermist, from the separate parts of real species: mermaids, griffins, centaurs, chimeras, sphinxes.
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The same technique — injecting pluripotent stem cells into early embryos — failed with other combinations: The scientists couldn't create rat-pig chimeras, and although they produced human-cow chimeric embryos, they did not transfer them into cows to develop into fetuses.
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But making chimeras with human organs whose development can be studied is more likely to succeed than the technique researchers have been trying for years: coaxing stem cells growing in lab dishes to become three-dimensional, functional tissues and organs.
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Graham Coop, a professor of evolution and ecology at U.C. Davis, shared a fascinating fact: Many marmoset monkeys are germline chimeras, meaning the DNA in their sperm or egg cells comes from a different individual than the rest of their DNA.
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The authors said new rules and protections are now required for experimenting on human brain tissue, including so-called brain organoids, or mini-brains, human-animal chimeras (intermingling of human and non-human genes), and pieces of human brain tissue removed during surgery.
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The study is also significant because the researchers managed to create chimeras from an endangered species, said Marisa Korody, a postdoctoral associate at the San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research who researches how iPS cells might be used to protect endangered animals.
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Set in a cyberpunk city called the Ark, the last remaining human settlement in a post-apocalyptic world, the game casts you as a recent recruit to Neuron, a special police task force which investigates and combats "chimeras," extradimensional, biomechanical creatures which periodically terrorize the city.
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As reported by the BBC, researchers from the University of California, Davis, injected human stem cells into pig embryos to create the chimeras (the word "chimera" is derived from mythology, but it's the scientific term used to describe an animal that has genetic information from more than one species).
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"The overall human contribution was very low, with what we estimate is less than 1 human cell per 100,000 pig cells," and no human cells in the chimeras' brains, biologist Jun Wu of the Salk Institute of Biological Studies, lead author of the Cell paper, said in an interview.
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For the most part, these cases usually end up with you fighting some chimeras, but there are also a handful of other fun and sometimes goofy objectives to complete, like the one where you dress up as a dog mascot named Lappy and cheer up your fellow police officers.
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While the images of hob-goblins and scaly chimeras in Graven Images are playful reminders of how we once perceived our world, other early depictions are more thought-provoking, revealing societal values buried beneath the layers of time that are less fun to remember, but no less important.
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On Wednesday, scientists reported in Nature that they had created mouse-rat chimeras — also starting with mouse pluripotent stem cells and fertilized rat eggs — in which the pancreases were sufficiently mouse-like that, when cells from them were transplanted into mice with diabetes, they churned out insulin and reversed the disease.
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"The conservation status of chondrichthyans—sharks, skates, rays, and chimeras—is among the worst reported for any major vertebrate lineage, with an estimated one quarter designated as threatened by the IUCN Red List due to overfishing," marine biologist and diver Lauren Smith, who founded the shark advocacy network Saltwater Life, told me over email.
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Human-Pig Chimeras Suggest a Long Road to Organ FarmingSeveral dozen embryos sat in a lab that seemed straight out of a David Lynch film—part pig, part…Read more ReadPreviously, Izpisúa Belmonte tried to grow pig embryos using human stem cells, but these cells failed to sufficiently take hold after the hybridized pig fetuses were implanted into sows.
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These human-pig "chimeras" were not allowed to develop past the fetal stage, but the experiment suggests such creations could eventually be used to grow fully human organs for transplant, easing the fatal shortage of organs: 2114,21996 people in the United States are waiting for lifesaving transplants, but every day two dozen die before they get them.
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There were dungeons aplenty — deep, multilevel labyrinths outfitted with false doors and booby traps and elaborate menageries of monsters: ghouls, gorgons, hydras, mummies, minotaurs, basilisks, gnomes, orcs, chimeras, hobgoblins, centaurs (which could "attack twice, once as a man and once as a medium horse") and griffons ("the most prized of steeds ... fond of horse flesh above all other foods").
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