Holcocera cathedrae is a moth in the family Blastobasidae which is endemic to Costa Rica.
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The English word "cathedra", plural cathedrae, comes from the Latin word for "armchair", itself derived from the Greek. After the 4th century, the term's Roman connotations of authority reserved for the Emperor were adopted by bishops.
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Many concepts of teaching authority gained prominence in the Middle Ages, including the concept of the authority of the learned expert, an idea which began with Origen (or even earlier) and still today has proponents. Some allowed for the participation of theologians in the teaching life of the church, but still drew distinctions between the powers of the theologian and bishops; one example of this view is in the writing of St. Thomas Aquinas, who spoke of the “Magisterium cathedrae pastoralis” ( of the pastoral chair) and the “Magisterium cathedrae magistralis” (Magisterium of a master’s chair). The highest order of the Magisterium cathedrae pastoralis mentioned is the episcopacy itself, and at the top the pope : "Magis est standum sententiae Papae, ad quem pertinet determinare de fide, quam in iudicio profert, quam quorumlibet sapientum hominum in Scripturis opinioni."Quodlibet IX, q.
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The Chair of St. Augustine, dating from at least the early thirteenth century is one of the oldest cathedrae is not in use. Another very ancient seat is the so-called "Chair of Dagobert" in the Louvre. It is of cast bronze, sharpened with the chisel and partially gilt; it is of the curule or faldstool type and supported upon legs terminating in the heads and feet of animals. The seat, which was probably of leather, has disappeared.
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The Chair of St. Augustine represents one of the most ancient extant cathedrae in use. Named after the first Archbishop of Canterbury, St. Augustine of Canterbury, it is made of Purbeck Marble or Bethesda marble and dates to sometime between the 6th and 12th centuries. Those who argue for an older date suggest that it may have been used to crown the kings of Kent. Canterbury Cathedral, in which the cathedra is housed, maintains that the chair was once part of the furnishings of the shrine of St. Thomas Becket, since dismantled.
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To this dicastery belongs also the final authority for the nomination of teachers of ecclesiastical learning institutions to the permanent status and to the highest rank of Ordinaries of the various cathedrae of ecclesiastical disciplines, through the issuance of the rescript granting the nihil obstat for such promotion, on behalf of the Holy See."All teachers, before they are given a permanent post or before they are promoted to the highest category of teacher, or else in both cases, as the Statutes are to state, must receive a declaration of nihil obstat from the Holy See." Apostolic Constitution Sapientia christiana, Art. 27, n.2.
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The history of cathedrals starts in the year 313, when the emperor Constantine the Great personally adopted Christianity and initiated the Peace of the Church. Indeed, in strict terminology, there could not have been "cathedrals" before that date, as before the 4th century there were no Christian "cathedrae"; bishops were never seated when leading congregational worship, but instead presided standing on a raised platform or pulpitum. In the third century, the phrase "ascending the platform", ad pulpitum venire, becomes the standard term for Christian ordination. During the siege of Dura Europos in 256, a complete Christian house church, or domus ecclesiae was entombed in a defensive bank, surviving when excavated, in places to wall-top height.
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In the post-Soviet era Kostrov discussed environmental issues and confronted Russian Democratic Writers from the alternative Union of the Writers of Russia. He published his anthology of 20th Century Russian Poetry entitled Russkaia Poeziia: XX Vek Antologiia (Russian) by Vladimir Kostrov, Gennadii Krasnikov Book, OLMA-Press (January 1999).20 век антология русской поэзии (1999) Edited by Vladimir Kostrov and Gennadiy Krasnikov During the 1990s and 2000s he took an active part as an organizer of the All-Russian Pushkin Memorial Days (the 6th of June – the day when Alexandre Pushkin was born. For 16 years Vladimir Kostrov was the chief of Pushkin Memorial Days in Pskov Region (near the tomb of great Russian poet). Kostrov is currently the President of the International Pushkin Committee and Vice-President of the International Pushkin Foundation ‘Classic’ and professor of Russian Poetry Cathedrae Gorky Institute of Literature in Moscow.
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A similar warning against papal hubris made on this occasion was the traditional exclamation, "Annos Petri non-videbis", reminding the newly crowned pope that he would not live to see his rule lasting as long as that of St. Peter. According to tradition, he headed the church for 35 years and has thus far been the longest-reigning pope in the history of the Catholic Church.St Augustine of Hippo, speaking of the honours paid to bishops in his time, mentions the absides gradatae (Apses with steps, a reference to the seating arrangement for the presbyters in the apse of the church, with the bishop in the middle (William Smith, Samuel Cheetham, Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Christian Antiquities, "elevated stalls" in the Sparrow-Simpson translation (p. 83), and appearing as "thrones ascended by flights of steps" in the Cunningham translation), and cathedrae velatae (canopied thrones, appearing as "canopied pulpits" in both those translations) – Letter 203 in the old arrangement, 23 in the chronological rearrangement A traditionalist Catholic belief that lacks reliable authority claims that a Papal Oath was sworn, at their coronation, by all popes from Agatho to Paul VI and that it was omitted with the abolition of the coronation ceremony.
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