112 Sentences With "carriage return" | Random Sentence Generator

Whack the carriage return lever to set the left margin and you're rockin' and rollin' like an analog throwback boss.

If someone is really committed to the bit, they can use the carriage return lever to start a new line instead of hitting the enter button.

Or its potential as a history lesson for undergraduates of the laptop-and-cellphone age who have never touched a carriage-return lever or heard the bell ring close to the end of a line.

"Based on what I could see from the 'sneak peak' function, the book was nothing more than a computer generated 'story' with no structure, chapters or paragraphs — only lines of text with a carriage return after each sentence," Reames said in an interview with KrebsOnSecurity.

The command (abbreviation T) provides for output of one or more items separated by commas. Equivalent to BASIC's . Items can be variables, literal strings surrounded by double-quotes, or a variety of control characters. The control characters include the to output a carriage return and line feed, for the carriage return alone, and for a tab character.

One possible implementation: : HELLO ( -- ) CR ." Hello, world!" ; HELLO Hello, world! The word `CR` (Carriage Return) causes the following output to be displayed on a new line.

Terminals are specified by one or more numeric characters. Numeric characters may be specified as the percent sign `%`, followed by the base (`b` = binary, `d` = decimal, and `x` = hexadecimal), followed by the value, or concatenation of values (indicated by `.`). For example, a carriage return is specified by `%d13` in decimal or `%x0D` in hexadecimal. A carriage return followed by a line feed may be specified with concatenation as `%d13.10`.

Touchmaster Five with Carriage Return Lever at left Originally, the term "carriage return" referred to a mechanism or lever on a typewriter. For machines where the type element was fixed and the paper held in a moving carriage, this lever was on the left attached to the moving carriage, and operated after typing a line of text to cause the carriage to return to the far right so the type element would be aligned to the left side of the paper. The lever would also usually feed the paper to advance to the next line. Many electric typewriters such as IBM Electric or Underwood Electric made carriage return to be another key on the keyboard instead of a lever.

Although using this option mitigates the portability issue on the kernel end with splitting, it adds the requirement that supports this particular extension. Another problem is scripts containing a carriage return character immediately after the shebang line, perhaps as a result of being edited on a system that uses DOS line breaks, such as Microsoft Windows. Some systems interpret the carriage return character as part of the interpreter command, resulting in an error message.

The paper, rolled around the typewriter's platen, was then advanced vertically by the carriage-return lever (at the far left, or on the far right for left handed typewriters) into position for each new line of text. A small bell was struck a few characters before the right hand margin was reached to warn the operator to complete the word and then use the carriage-return lever to shift the paper back to the beginning of the next line.

The key was usually labeled "carriage return", "return", or "power return". With typewriters like the Selectric, where the type element moved when typing and the paper was held stationary, the key returned the type element to the far left and the term "carrier return" was sometimes used for this function. To improve the keyboard for non-English- speakers, the symbol ↵ (U+21B5, HTML entity `↵`) was introduced to communicate the combined carriage return and line feed action.

A control character is a character that, in isolation, has some control function, such as carriage return (CR). Escape sequences, by contrast, consist of one or more escape characters which change the interpretation of subsequent characters.

Since the system was closely tied to the use of commonly available teleprinters, line endings in files consisted of the carriage return character (ASCII CR, 0D hexadecimal), followed by the linefeed character (ASCII LF, 0A hexadecimal).

The inherent ambiguity of many control characters, combined with their historical usage, created problems when transferring "plain text" files between systems. The best example of this is the newline problem on various operating systems. Teletype machines required that a line of text be terminated with both "Carriage Return" (which moves the printhead to the beginning of the line) and "Line Feed" (which advances the paper one line without moving the printhead). The name "Carriage Return" comes from the fact that on a manual typewriter the carriage holding the paper moved while the position where the typebars struck the ribbon remained stationary.

They suggested transmitting 0 through 30 using codes 96 through 126. would return the current cursor location as two characters separated by a carriage return. Sending caused the terminal to send a single character in return, encoding the terminal status in the lower 6 bits.

Graphics in the Acorn MOS use a virtual graphics resolution of 1280×1024, with pixel positions mapped to the nearest equivalent pixel in the current graphics mode. Switching video resolution will not affect the shape, size or position of graphics drawn even with completely different pixel metrics in the new mode, because this is all accounted for by the OS. MOS does provide two other OS calls that handle text output: `OSNEWL` and `OSASCI`. OSNEWL writes a line feed and carriage return to the current output stream. OSASCI forwards all characters directly to OSWRCH except for carriage return, which triggers a call to OSNEWL instead.

In many applications a separate control character called "manual line break" exists for forcing line breaks inside a single paragraph. The glyph for the control character for a hard return is usually a pilcrow (¶), and for the manual line break is usually a carriage return arrow (↵).

This behaviour was designed for older mobile phones which don't understand UDH; such mobile phones might display the UDH as a jumble of strange characters; if the first character after UDH was Carriage Return (CR), the mobile phone would rewrite the mess with the rest of the message.

Since the values in the TSV format cannot contain literal tabs or new line characters, a convention is necessary for lossless conversion of text values with these characters. A common convention is to perform the following escapes: for newline, \t for tab, \r for carriage return, \\\ for backslash.

Many daisy wheel machines offer a bold type facility, accomplished by double- or triple- striking the specified character(s); servo-based printers advance the carriage fractionally for a wider (and therefore blacker) character, while cheaper machines perform a carriage return without a line feed to return to the beginning of the line, space through all non-bold text, and restrike each bolded character. The inherent imprecision in attempting to restrike on exactly the same spot after a carriage return provides the same effect as the more expensive servo-based printers, with the unique side effect that as the printer ages and wears, bold text becomes bolder. Like all other impact printers, daisy wheel printers are noisy.

Finally, a record ends with a carriage return (), a line break (), and six null characters (). The last record on the paper tape is empty (its length field is `0000`), with the starting address field representing the total number of data bytes contained in the transmission. The file ends with a .

At the receiving end, the operator would similarly connect his SZ machine into the circuit and the output would be printed up on a continuous sticky tape. Because this was the practice, the plaintext did not contain the characters for "carriage return", "line feed" or the null (blank tape, 00000) character.

The `d` flag causes `tr` to delete all tokens of the specified set of characters from its input. In this case, only a single character set argument is used. The following command removes carriage return characters. tr -d '\r' The `c` flag indicates the complement of the first set of characters.

The five bits of the Baudot code are insufficient to represent all the letters, numerals, and punctuation required in a text message. Further, additional characters are required by printing telegraphs to better control the machine. Examples of these control characters are line feed and carriage return. Murray solved this problem by introducing shift codes.

W% = &12345678 : REM ampersand (&) specifies hexadecimal > PRINT ~?W%, ~W%?3 : REM tilde (~) prints in hexadecimal 78 12 Strings of text could be PEEKed and POKEd in a similar way using the Dollar sign ($). The end of the string is marked with the Carriage return character (&0D in ASCII); when read back, this terminating character is not returned.

' B := SIN(A)' C := COS(A)' PRINT PUNCH(3),SAMELINE,ALIGNED(1,6),A,B,C' END' END' PUNCH(3) sends output to the teleprinter rather than the tape punch. SAMELINE suppresses the carriage return + line feed normally printed between arguments. ALIGNED(1,6) controls the format of the output with 1 digit before and 6 after the decimal point.

A carriage return, sometimes known as a cartridge return and often shortened to CR, or return, is a control character or mechanism used to reset a device's position to the beginning of a line of text. It is closely associated with the line feed and newline concepts, although it can be considered separately in its own right.

Likewise, was modified so string variables worked like numeric ones, waiting for the carriage return and then assigning the entire user input to the associated string variable. It also added the support functions and , and to convert a string containing a numeric value to a string representation of that number. As in MS, concatenation used the operator.

Form feed is a page-breaking ASCII control character. It forces the printer to eject the current page and to continue printing at the top of another. Often, it will also cause a carriage return. The form feed character code is defined as 12 (0xC in hexadecimal), and may be represented as control+L or `^L`.

The command-syntax on CP/M is: TYPE ufn Note: ufn = unambiguous file reference In MP/M, the command has a pause mode. It is specified by entering a 'P' followed by two decimal digits after the filename. The specified number of lines will be displayed and then the command will pause until a carriage return is entered.

Associated data items are denoted as follows: > XCA3464366 > 5.825 > Sigma > 499.611 Multiple-lines data items are also supported. The MDL SDF-format specification requires that a hard-carriage-return character be inserted if a single line of any text field exceeds 200 characters. This requirement is frequently violated in practice, as many SMILES and InChI strings exceed that length.

Statements that were entered with leading numbers are entered into the program storage for "deferred execution", either as new lines or replacing any that might have had the same number previously. Statements that were entered without a line number were referred to as commands, and ran immediately. Line numbers without statements (i.e., followed by a carriage return) deleted a previously stored line.

Characters are expected to be spacing characters, not combining characters, unless specified otherwise by the graphical set in question. ISO 2022 / ECMA-35 also recognizes the use of the backspace and carriage return control characters as means of combining otherwise spacing characters, as well as the CSI sequence "Graphic Character Combination" (GCC) (`CSI 0x20 (SP) 0x5F (_)`). Use of the backspace and carriage return in this manner is permitted by ISO/IEC 646 but prohibited by ISO/IEC 4873 / ECMA-43 and by ISO/IEC 8859, on the basis that it leaves the graphical character repertoire undefined. ISO/IEC 4873 / ECMA-43 does, however, permit the use of the GCC function on the basis that the sequence of characters is kept the same and merely displayed in one space, rather than being over-stamped to form a character with a different meaning.

A typewriter or electromechanical printer can print characters on paper, and execute operations such as move the carriage back to the left margin of the same line (carriage return), advance to the same column of the next line (line feed), and so on. Commands to control non-printing operations were transmitted in exactly the same way as printable characters by sending control characters with defined functions (e.g., the line feed character forced the carriage to move to the same position on the next line) to teleprinters. In modern computing and communications a few control characters, such as carriage return and line feed, have retained their original functions (although they are often implemented in software rather than activating electromechanical mechanisms to move a physical printer carriage) but many others are no longer required and are used for other purposes.

BASIC-PLUS is patterned closely on later versions of Dartmouth BASIC, including its powerful `MAT` commands. On top of this, DEC added a number of unique flow-control structures. Line numbers were positive integers from 1 to 32767. Logical lines of code could be continued on multiple physical lines by using a line feed at the end of a line instead of the normal carriage return character.

A plastic red 'Royal' logo also on the front panel doubled as the push-button latch control to open the top of the machine and allow access to the ribbon and internal controls. The Futura had four rubber feet to hold the typewriter in place, an acrylic paper table, and a steel carriage return lever. The standard typeface on all Royal Futura models was "Merit".

Intel HEX consists of lines of ASCII text that are separated by line feed or carriage return characters or both. Each text line contains hexadecimal characters that encode multiple binary numbers. The binary numbers may represent data, memory addresses, or other values, depending on their position in the line and the type and length of the line. Each text line is called a record.

JBOB data has no structure. Records are defined by the presence of characters in the data. For example, a report might have hundreds of records (or lines) but the length of each record is defined by the presence of a carriage return (and/or line feed). Mainframe computers have traditionally dealt with structured data but unstructured (JBOB) data is much more common in PC environments.

Paper tape with holes representing the "Baudot–Murray Code". Note the fully punched columns of "Delete/Letters select" codes at start of the message (on the right); were used to cut the band easily between distinct messages. The message then starts with a figure shift control followed by a carriage return. In 1901, Baudot's code was modified by Donald Murray (1865–1945), prompted by his development of a typewriter-like keyboard.

Unlike a typewriter or modern computer keyboard, the shift key isn't kept depressed whilst the corresponding characters are typed. "ENQuiry" will trigger the other machine's answerback. It means "Who are you?" CR is carriage return, LF is line feed, BEL is the bell character which rang a small bell (often used to alert operators to an incoming message), SP is space, and NUL is the null character (blank tape).

Procedural signs in Morse code are a form of control character. A form of control characters were introduced in the 1870 Baudot code: NUL and DEL. The 1901 Murray code added the carriage return (CR) and line feed (LF), and other versions of the Baudot code included other control characters. The bell character (BEL), which rang a bell to alert operators, was also an early teletype control character.

The typewriter is sized about 27x37x8 cm (with the carriage return lever adding about 1–2 more centimeters in height), making it quite portable at least for the time's standards, even though its weight may limit portability somewhat. A side view of the Lettera 22 A front view of the Lettera 22 The Lettera 22: "Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera" The Lettera 22 The model was eventually succeeded by the Olivetti Lettera 32.

A host may connect to a server that supports the TCPMUX protocol on TCP port 1. The host then sends a name of the service required, followed by a pair of carriage return and line feed characters (CRLF). The server replies with a '+' or '-' character and an optional message, followed by CRLF. In case of a positive reply ('+'), the protocol or service requested is started, otherwise the connection is closed.

Two formats of message are used. Loosely termed a 'short' and a 'long' message format, a short message contains specific information along with 18 bytes that can be used for custom information, whereas a long message can contain anything that is required and the two applications sending and receiving the data must know what format is being used. The message terminator must always be the carriage return character (0x0D).

The RIS file format—two letters, two spaces and a hyphen—is a tagged format for expressing bibliographic citations. According to the specifications, the lines must end with the ASCII carriage return and line feed characters. Note that this is the convention on Microsoft Windows, while in other contemporary operating systems, particularly Unix, the end of line is typically marked by line feed only. Multiple citation records can be present in a single RIS file.

By simultaneously pressing different combinations of the six keys, users can create any of the characters in the braille code. In addition to these six keys, the Mountbatten has a space key, a backspace key, and a new line key. Like a manual typewriter, it has a knob to advance paper through the machine, although unlike the Perkins the bar does not move. There is a Return key rather than a carriage return lever.

The characters which are considered whitespace varies between programming languages and implementations. For example, C traditionally only counts space, tab, line feed, and carriage return characters, while languages which support Unicode typically include all Unicode space characters. Some implementations also include ASCII control codes (non-printing characters) along with whitespace characters. Java's trim method considers ASCII spaces and control codes as whitespace, contrasting with the Java `isWhitespace()` method, which recognizes all Unicode space characters.

GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: www.example.com A client request (consisting in this case of the request line and only one header field) is followed by a blank line, so that the request ends with a double newline, each in the form of a carriage return followed by a line feed. The "Host" field distinguishes between various DNS names sharing a single IP address, allowing name-based virtual hosting. While optional in HTTP/1.0, it is mandatory in HTTP/1.1.

Blank and comment lines are not counted. Logical SLOC (LSLOC)– Lines of code intended to measure "statements", which normally terminate by a semicolon (C/C++, Java, C#) or a carriage return (VB, Assembly), etc. Logical SLOC are not sensitive to format and style conventions, but they are language dependent. The Unified CodeCount(UCC) differencing capability allows the user to count, compare, and collect logical differentials between two versions of the source code of a software product.

Any communication in command mode (in both directions) is terminated by a carriage return. When a modem is in data mode, any characters sent to the modem are intended to be transmitted to the remote party. The modem enters data mode immediately after it makes a connection. For example, if ATDT5551212 resulted in a phone call that was answered by another computer modem, the modem would report the word "CONNECT" and then switch to data mode.

To facilitate the creation of portable programs, programming languages provide some abstractions to deal with the different types of newline sequences used in different environments. The C programming language provides the escape sequences (newline) and (carriage return). However, these are not required to be equivalent to the ASCII and control characters. The C standard only guarantees two things: # Each of these escape sequences maps to a unique implementation- defined number that can be stored in a single value.

The GSTrans string processing API on Acorn operating systems for the Atom, BBC Micro, Archimedes and later RISC OS machines use the vertical bar character in place of the caret. For example, (pronounced "control em", the same as for the notation) is the carriage return character, ASCII 13. is the vertical bar character code 124, is character 127 as above and adds 128 to the code of the character that follows it, so is character code .

It rotates in the frame while in contact with the power roll. The surface of the cam in contact with the power roll had grooves for better grip. As the radius at the contact patch increases, the frame rotates clockwise to pull down on the linkage to type the character. This particular cam assembly has a cam that rotates a full turn for each operation; it might operate the backspace, basket shift, or carriage-return clutch disengage mechanism.

This identification information is provided to the MSR system, with the call information, to help the MSR system correlate the call information with a call terminating on a particular line. Message Format MDXXXLLLLTYYYYYYY<0x20>ZZZZZZZ<0x20><^Y> carriage return line feed MDXXX Message desk. This is a 3 digit field (usually 001) LLLL Logical terminal number (0001 - 4096) T Reason code (D for direct call, A for all calls forwarded, B for busy forwarding, U for unknown) <0x20> space YYYYYYY called party number (maybe not present, such as for direct calls) ZZZZZZZ calling party number (CPN) (maybe not present if unavailable) carriage return line feed <^Y> end marker, Ctrl-Y, ASCII "EM" Each of the numbers is a common fixed length for each link, such as 5 (extensions), 7 (US PSTN numbers without area code), or 10 (US PSTN numbers) digits, zero-padded on the left where necessary, and terminated with <0x20>. A typical use of the called party number is to select which voicemail greeting to play for the call.

The PGM column was actually the column the typewriter would space to after typing the last character in the field (either under operator or PGM control). For example, after entering "price" then tabbing and entering "qty", the machine could automatically space through a dummy field, calculate the $amount on the way and then continue to print it out. The PGM field could then have dictated a carriage return, ready for the next entry. Two programs were allowed on each tape: primary and alternate.

The same applied to shifting the ribbon direction or initiating a carriage-return. These commands could be issued only at particular times, with the Selectric in a particular state, and then not again until the terminal signaled the operation was complete. In addition the Selectric mechanism natively used a unique code based on the "tilt/rotate" commands to the golf ball. That and the bit-parallel interface and peculiar timing requirements meant the Selectric could not be directly hooked up to a modem.

This ensures that the sixels remain within the printable character range of the ASCII character set. Carriage return (CR) is represented by , and line feeds (LF) with a ; both had to be sent in turn to return the cursor to the start of the line, . Sixel also includes a rudimentary form of compression, using run-length encoding (RLE). This is accomplished with the character followed by a decimal number of the times to repeat, and then a single sixel character to be repeated.

Instead, modifications such as the Murray code (which added carriage return and line feed), Western Union code, International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (ITA 2), and American Teletypewriter code (USTTY), were used. Other standards, such as Teletypesetter (TTS), FIELDATA and Flexowriter, had six holes. In the early 1960s, the American Standards Association led a project to develop a universal code for data processing, which became known as ASCII. This seven-level code was adopted by some teleprinter users, including AT&T; (Teletype).

One sends data and receives acknowledgments, the other sends acknowledgments and receives data. TFTP defines three modes of transfer: netascii, octet, and mail. # Netascii is a modified form of ASCII, defined in RFC 764. It consists of an 8-bit extension of the 7-bit ASCII character space from 0x20 to 0x7F (the printable characters and the space) and eight of the control characters. The allowed control characters include the null (0x00), the line feed (LF, 0x0A), and the carriage return (CR, 0x0D).

Business and public administration was improved and simplified with the introduction of the typewriter, which acquired a familiar standardized form by about 1910, which features the "qwerty" keyboard, the typebar, ribbon, cylinder and carriage return lever. Popular models in Canada were manufactured by the US Remington and Underwood companies, among others. The introduction of the mechanical desk calculator complemented that of the typewriter. Most machines used in Canada were manufactured in the US by companies such as Friden, Monroe, and SCM/Marchant.

The housing and most removable covers were die castings. While the final Singer models did make some use of plastics, even they are quite heavy compared to other electric typewriters of their time. As a result, the platen carriage is very heavy, and when the "Carriage return" key is pressed, the carriage moves with about 20 pounds of force and enough momentum to injure a careless operator. If used only as manual typewriters, and properly maintained, Flexowriters might last a century.

The differencing calculator with recording (German:Differenzen Rechengereat, English:Differencing Calculating Apparatus) was a machine designed to compute a flag of difference for a set of enciphered code groups and record them. It consisted of two teleprinter tapes with photoelectric reading heads, a set of calculating relays and a recording electric teleprinter. The read heads operated at seven characters a second, bounded by the speed of the teleprinter where time was lost by the carriage return and line feed. It cost ℛℳ920 Reichsmarks, $800.00 at 1945 conversion rates.

An ABNF specification is a set of derivation rules, written as rule = definition ; comment CR LF where rule is a case-insensitive nonterminal, the definition consists of sequences of symbols that define the rule, a comment for documentation, and ending with a carriage return and line feed. Rule names are case-insensitive: ``, ``, ``, and `` all refer to the same rule. Rule names consist of a letter followed by letters, numbers, and hyphens. Angle brackets (`<`, `>`) are not required around rule names (as they are in BNF).

Printing control characters were first used to control the physical mechanism of printers, the earliest output device. An early implementation of this idea was the out-of-band ASA carriage control characters. Later, control characters were integrated into the stream of data to be printed. The carriage return character (CR), when sent to such a device, causes it to put the character at the edge of the paper at which writing begins (it may, or may not, also move the printing position to the next line).

SLOC refers to Source Lines of Code and is a unit used to measure the size of software program based on a set of rules. SLOC is a key input for estimating project effort and is also used to calculate productivity and other measurements. There are two types of SLOC: physical and logical sloc. Physical SLOC (PSLOC)– One physical SLOC corresponds to one line starting with the first character and ending by a carriage return or an end- of-file marker of the same line.

Another innovation was asynchronous dynamic speed recognition. After a terminal connected to a port, the user would type a Carriage Return character, and the software would detect the speed of the terminal (in the range of 110 to 9600 bit/s) and present a log in message to the user at the appropriate speed. Due to limitations of the operating systems which came with the Modcomps, new Operating systems had to be created, CORTEX for the Modcomp II's and IV BRAIN for the Modcomp IV's.

Ten more letters, BCGFJMPUWY, have three holes each, and the four-hole letters are VXKQ. The Murray code also introduced what became known as "format effectors" or "control characters" the CR (Carriage Return) and LF (Line Feed) codes. A few of Baudot's codes moved to the positions where they have stayed ever since: the NULL or BLANK and the DEL code. NULL/BLANK was used as an idle code for when no messages were being sent, but the same code was used to encode the space separation between words.

A text-based protocol or plain text protocol is a communications protocol whose content representation is in human-readable format. The immediate human readability stands in contrast to binary protocols which have inherent benefits for use in a computer environment (such as ease of mechanical parsing and improved bandwidth utilization). Different network applications have different methods of encapsulating data. One method very common with Internet protocols is a text oriented representation that transmits requests and responses as lines of ASCII text, terminated by a newline character (and usually a carriage return character).

The ASCII text-encoding standard uses 128 unique values (0–127) to represent the alphabetic, numeric, and punctuation characters commonly used in English, plus a selection of control codes which do not represent printable characters. For example, the capital letter A is ASCII character 65, the numeral 2 is ASCII 50, the character } is ASCII 125, and the metacharacter carriage return is ASCII 13. Systems based on ASCII use seven bits to represent these values digitally. In contrast, most computers store data in memory organized in eight-bit bytes.

In codes intended for machines rather than humans, code points for control characters, such as carriage return, are required to control the operation of the mechanism. Each code point is made up of a number of elements arranged in a unique way for that character. There are usually two types of element (a binary code), but more element types were employed in some codes not intended for machines. For instance, American Morse code had about five elements, rather than the two (dot and dash) of International Morse Code.

With variable-length lines, the end of each line is usually indicated by the presence of one or more special end-of-line characters, such as a line feed or carriage return. A blank line usually refers to a line containing zero characters (not counting any end-of-line characters); though it may also refer to any line that does not contain any visible characters (consisting only of whitespace). Some tools that operate on text files (e.g., editors) provide a mechanism to reference lines by their line number.

MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows use a common text file format, with each line of text separated by a two-character combination: carriage return (CR) and line feed (LF). It is common for the last line of text not to be terminated with a CR-LF marker, and many text editors (including Notepad) do not automatically insert one on the last line. On Microsoft Windows operating systems, a file is regarded as a text file if the suffix of the name of the file (the "filename extension") is `.txt`. However, many other suffixes are used for text files with specific purposes.

In most of the early typewriters, the typebars struck upward against the paper, pressed against the bottom of the platen, so the typist could not see the text as it was typed. What was typed was not visible until a carriage return caused it to scroll into view. The difficulty with any other arrangement was ensuring the typebars fell back into place reliably when the key was released. This was eventually achieved with various ingenious mechanical designs and so-called "visible typewriters" which used frontstriking, in which the typebars struck forward against the front side of the platen, became standard.

Program source is stored internally in a tokenized form, where reserved words are replaced with a single byte token, to save space and execution time. Programs may be saved in compact tokenized form, or optionally saved as DOS ASCII text filesDOS text files terminate each line with a CR (carriage return, ASCII 13) and LF (linefeed, ASCII 10) character pair, in that order. that can be viewed and edited with other programs. Like most other DOS applications, IBM BASIC is a text-mode program and has no features for windows, icons, mouse support, or cut-and-paste editing.

The DECwriter LA30 was a 30 character per second dot matrix printing terminal introduced in 1970 by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) of Maynard, Massachusetts It printed 80 columns of uppercase-only 7×5 dot matrix characters across a unique-sized paper. The printhead was driven by a stepper motor and the paper was advanced by a noisy solenoid ratchet drive. The LA30 was available with both a parallel interface (LA30-P) and a serial interface (LA30-S); however, the serial LA30 required the use of fill characters during the carriage-return. In 1972, a receive-only variation named LA30A became available.

Dr. Dobb's Journal, Volume 1, Number 1, 1976, p. 12. ; : If string matches the BASIC line, advance cursor over and execute the next IL instruction; if the test fails, execute the IL instruction at the label lbl ; : Execute the IL subroutine starting at ; save the IL address following the CALL on the control stack ; : Report a syntax error if after deleting leading blanks the cursor is not positioned to reach a carriage return ; : Test value at the top of the AE stack to be within ranqe. If not, report an error. If so, attempt to position cursor at that line.

In computer and machine-based telecommunications terminology, a character is a unit of information that roughly corresponds to a grapheme, grapheme-like unit, or symbol, such as in an alphabet or syllabary in the written form of a natural language. Examples of characters include letters, numerical digits, common punctuation marks (such as "." or "-"), and whitespace. The concept also includes control characters, which do not correspond to visible symbols but rather to instructions to format or process the text. Examples of control characters include carriage return or tab, as well as instructions to printers or other devices that display or otherwise process text.

Intel HEX records are separated by one or more ASCII line termination characters so that each record appears alone on a text line. This enhances legibility by visually delimiting the records and it also provides padding between records that can be used to improve machine parsing efficiency. Programs that create HEX records typically use line termination characters that conform to the conventions of their operating systems. For example, Linux programs use a single LF (line feed, hex value `0A`) character to terminate lines, whereas Windows programs use a CR (carriage return, hex value `0D`) followed by a LF.

If a field with a value of "" is specified in an HTTP message (either a request sent by a client or the response from the server), the body of the message consists of an unspecified number of chunks, a terminating chunk, trailer, and a final CRLF sequence (i.e. carriage return followed by line feed). Each chunk starts with the number of octets of the data it embeds expressed as a hexadecimal number in ASCII followed by optional parameters (chunk extension) and a terminating CRLF sequence, followed by the chunk data. The chunk is terminated by CRLF.

Both of these used magnetic tape and Selectric print mechanisms. With its fixed type font and paper-tape recording medium, the Flexowriter had difficulty competing with these machines, although some Flexowriter documentation emphasized the fact that, unlike IBM's MT/ST tapes, Flexowriter users could cut and splice paper tapes, particularly if they could recognize some of the common codes such as carriage return. The Diablo daisy wheel printer, introduced in 1969, offered comparable print quality at twice the speed. Larger manufacturers such as IBM and DEC made their own console equipment, and video terminals began to appear, displacing paper-based systems.

This is like a simple clock escapement, and prevents repeated typing. (The "key-down" anti-repeat stop can be removed, so that fast repetitive typing can be done, but this change is difficult to undo.) Carriage return was done by a non-stretch very durable textile tape attached to the platen advance mechanism at the left of the carriage. For a return, the tape wound up on a small reel operated from the drive system through a clutch. A cam engaged the clutch; it was disengaged by the left margin stop, perhaps directly, perhaps via another cam. (Info.

Because the MIME format uses a carriage return to delimit the information in a message, and only the raw message determines its eventual destination, adding carriage returns to submitted form data can allow a simple guestbook to be used to send thousands of messages at once. A malicious spammer could use this tactic to send large numbers of messages anonymously. More information on this topic, including examples and ways to avoid the vulnerability, can be found at the SecurePHP Wiki. However, this vulnerability is not limited to PHP; it can potentially affect any application that sends email messages based on input from arbitrary users.

The LA36 was only available with a serial interface but unlike the earlier LA30, no fill characters were required. This was possible because, while the printer never communicated at faster than 30 characters per second, the mechanism was actually capable of printing at 60 characters per second. During the carriage return period, characters were buffered for subsequent printing at full speed during a catch-up period. The two-tone buzz produced by 60-character-per- second catch-up printing followed by 30-character-per-second ordinary printing was a distinctive feature of the LA36, quickly copied by many other manufacturers well into the 1990s.

In the 5.1c release the only legal characters are the numerals 0–9, the comma, the minus sign and the carriage return. However, it is used in real commercial applications. It was originally intended as generated code from a user interface-building tool — similar to bytecode rendered in ASCII — but due to limitations in the tool, it became a directly programmed language in itself.. The BANCStar 10.0 release changed the "Screen Code" format to binary, and rearranged the numeric codes into an opcode with a variable number of parameter integers. The 10.0 opcode encoded a bit mapped length value that indicated the length of the command in words.

Braille typewriter The Perkins Brailler is a "braille typewriter" with a key corresponding to each of the six dots of the braille code, a space key, a backspace key, and a line space key. Like a manual typewriter, it has two side knobs to advance paper through the machine and a carriage return lever above the keys. The rollers that hold and advance the paper have grooves designed to avoid crushing the raised dots the brailler creates. Although braille notation was designed for people who are blind or visually impaired to read, prior to the introduction of the Perkins Brailler, writing braille was a cumbersome process.

In ASCII, carriage return is a distinct control character. The different newline conventions cause text files that have been transferred between systems of different types to be displayed incorrectly. Text in files created with programs which are common on Unix-like or classic Mac OS, appear as a single long line on most programs common to MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows because these do not display a single or a single as a line break. Conversely, when viewing a file originating from a Windows computer on a Unix-like system, the extra may be displayed as a second line break, as , or as at the end of each line.

Typically a menu or combo-box enumerating different newline conventions will be displayed to users without an indication if the selection will re-interpret, temporarily convert, or permanently convert the newlines. Some programs will implicitly convert on open, copy, paste, or save—often inconsistently. Most textual Internet protocols (including HTTP, SMTP, FTP, IRC, and many others) mandate the use of ASCII + (, ) on the protocol level, but recommend that tolerant applications recognize lone (, ) as well. Despite the dictated standard, many applications erroneously use the C newline escape sequence () instead of the correct combination of carriage return escape and newline escape sequences (+) (see section Newline in programming languages above).

SREC records are separated by one or more ASCII line termination characters so that each record appears alone on a text line. This enhances legibility by visually delimiting the records and it also provides padding between records that can be used to improve machine parsing efficiency. Programs that create HEX records typically use line termination characters that conform to the conventions of their operating systems. For example, Linux programs use a single LF character (line feed, 0x0A as ASCII character value) character to terminate lines, whereas Windows programs use a CR character (carriage return, 0x0D as ASCII character value) followed by a LF character.

Blue arrows can be implemented using SMTP variations. PHPMailer is a code library to send (transport) emails safely It is involved in sending emails safely without Email injection risk (not the html purification which is to prevent XSS) and easily via PHP code from a web server (MUA to the MSA server). Sending emails directly by PHP code requires a high-level familiarity to SMTP standard protocol (RFC 821,RFC821 obsoleted by RFC2821 RFC 2821RFC2821 obsoleted by RFC5321 and RFC 5321RFC5321) and related issues (such as Carriage return) and vulnerabilities about Email injection for spamming. From 2001 PHPMailer is one of the popular Worxware claims 9 million MUA use PHPMailer: Frozen web page for the update Dec2013 on phpmailer.worxware.

The Model 28 printing units contain a sequential selector, known as the Stunt Box, which monitors the received line and the keyboard signals for receipt of single characters and sequences of characters. Forty-two functional control positions are provided, some of which as used for functions such as carriage return, line feed, figures shift, letters shift, unshift-on-space and the signal bell. The removable Electrical Service Unit (LESU) is an integrated chassis housing the line fuse, convenience receptacle, terminal blocks for wiring options and mounting facilities for optional sub-assemblies. The Model 28 is usually geared to run at maximum speed ten characters per second speed, i.e. 100 words per minute (wpm), but other speeds are available.

The header fields are transmitted after the request line (in case of a request HTTP message) or the response line (in case of a response HTTP message), which is the first line of a message. Header fields are colon-separated key-value pairs in clear-text string format, terminated by a carriage return (CR) and line feed (LF) character sequence. The end of the header section is indicated by an empty field line, resulting in the transmission of two consecutive CR-LF pairs. In the past, long lines could be folded into multiple lines; continuation lines are indicated by the presence of a space (SP) or horizontal tab (HT) as the first character on the next line.

Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven-bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart above. Ninety-five of the encoded characters are printable: these include the digits 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, and punctuation symbols. In addition, the original ASCII specification included 33 non-printing control codes which originated with Teletype machines; most of these are now obsolete, although a few are still commonly used, such as the carriage return, line feed and tab codes. For example, lowercase i would be represented in the ASCII encoding by binary 1101001 = hexadecimal 69 (i is the ninth letter) = decimal 105.

The file number may be in the range of 1 to 254 inclusive, is assigned by the programmer and must be unique if more than one file is simultaneously opened. Once the file has been opened all program input and output procedures use the file number. In assembly language programs, this value is often referred to as LA (logical address), the abbreviation coming from the mnemonic that refers to the memory location where the file number is stored. File numbers greater than 127 cause the system to write an extra line feed after each carriage return (useful for double spacing a document, as an example.) ;8 :This parameter, the device number, identifies a specific peripheral attached to the computer.

The return key has its origins in two typewriter functions: carriage return, which would reset the carriage to the beginning of the line of text, and line feed, which would advance the paper one line downward. These were often combined into a single return key, a convention that continues in modern computer word processing to insert a paragraph break (¶). An OK button which enter / return could invoke The enter key is a computer innovation, which in most cases causes a command line, window form, or dialog box to operate its default function. This is typically to finish an "entry" and begin the desired process, and is usually an alternative to clicking an OK button.

When reproducing form letters from punched tape, the considerable speed and loud sound of the device made watching it a somewhat frightening experience. Towards the bottom of the unit there is a large rubber roller ("power roll") that rotates continuously at a few hundred rpm. It provides power for typing as well as power-operated backspace, type basket shift, and power for engaging (and probably disengaging) the carriage return clutch. Referring to the photo of the cam assembly (often simply called a cam; it was not meant to be disassembled), the holes in the side plates at the lower left are for the assembly's pivot rod, which is fixed to the frame.

ASCII reserves the first 32 codes (numbers 0–31 decimal) for control characters: codes originally intended not to represent printable information, but rather to control devices (such as printers) that make use of ASCII, or to provide meta-information about data streams such as those stored on magnetic tape. For example, character 10 represents the "line feed" function (which causes a printer to advance its paper), and character 8 represents "backspace". refers to control characters that do not include carriage return, line feed or white space as non-whitespace control characters. (NB. NO-WS-CTL.) Except for the control characters that prescribe elementary line-oriented formatting, ASCII does not define any mechanism for describing the structure or appearance of text within a document.

Until the introduction of PC DOS in 1981, IBM had no hand in this because their 1970s operating systems used EBCDIC instead of ASCII and they were oriented toward punch-card input and line printer output on which the concept of carriage return was meaningless. IBM's PC DOS (also marketed as MS-DOS by Microsoft) inherited the convention by virtue of being loosely based on CP/M, and Windows inherited it from MS-DOS. Unfortunately, requiring two characters to mark the end of a line introduces unnecessary complexity and questions as to how to interpret each character when encountered alone. To simplify matters plain text data streams, including files, on Multics used line feed (LF) alone as a line terminator.

The Blick Electric was a revolutionary machine and was far ahead of its time when it was first introduced at the Pan-American Exhibition in Buffalo in 1901 following its patent in August 1900 (patent no.656,085). It had all the familiar characteristics of the manual models, plus a QWERTY or a DHIATENSOR keyboard and all the advantages of later electric typewriters, including a light key touch, even typing, and automatic carriage return and line spacing. The machine was powered by an Emerson electric motor mounted on the rear and switched on by turning a Yale key on the side. The motor ran on 104 Volt 60 Hz AC electric current, which was not yet widely standard at the time.

Unix and Unix-like systems, and Amiga systems, adopted this convention from Multics. The original Macintosh OS, Apple DOS, and ProDOS, on the other hand, used carriage return (CR) alone as a line terminator; however, since Apple replaced these operating systems with the Unix-based macOS operating system, they now use line feed (LF) as well. The Radio Shack TRS-80 also used a lone CR to terminate lines. Computers attached to the ARPANET included machines running operating systems such as TOPS-10 and TENEX using CR-LF line endings, machines running operating systems such as Multics using LF line endings, and machines running operating systems such as OS/360 that represented lines as a character count followed by the characters of the line and that used EBCDIC rather than ASCII.

The Aquarius printers could be used with the ECS, and came with their own cables. However, the ECS like the Aquarius used standard RS-232C serial signals (+12VDC/-12VDC), so it was possible to interface many RS-232C serial printers. The ECS/Aquarius used a 1200 baud rate, 8 data bits, 2 stop bits, and no parity; the printer needed to be set to these selections with no line feed (sometimes called "carriage return only", "CR", "new line invalid", or "line feed inhibit"), and Busy/Ready instead of X-on/X-off. Typical serial printers had DB-25 interfaces; some had DE-9 interfaces; and, some Radio Shack (RS) printers had round 4-pin female DIN connector serial interfaces (with the pin sockets numbered left-to-right: 4, 3, 2, 1).

Host A would then open a connection to the ident service on host B, and issue the following query: 6191, 23 As TCP connections generally use one unique local port (6191 in this case), host B can unambiguously identify the program that has initiated the specified connection to host A's port 23, should it exist. Host B would then issue a response, identifying the user ("stjohns" in this example) who owns the program that initiated this connection and the name of its local operating system: 6193, 23 : USERID : UNIX : stjohns But if it would turn out that no such connection exists on host B, it would instead issue an error response: 6195, 23 : ERROR : NO-USER All ident messages should be delimited by an end of line sequence consisting of the carriage return and linefeed characters (CR+LF).

For example, mechanical computer printers such as the earliest dot matrix printers may have been able to print 30 characters per second, but when a "carriage return" character was received and the printhead began returning to the left margin, there was a noticeable delay before the printing of the next line could begin. Unlike modern printers, these early printers contained essentially no buffering, nor did they do any handshaking, so there would be no place to store the characters which would be received while the printhead was in the process of returning to the left margin, nor any way to tell the sender to temporarily stop transmitting characters. Instead, one or more fill characters would be transmitted to cover this time. In its strictest definition, fill characters cause no action to be performed at all; they simply consume time.

Unfortunately, practically any string selected would eventually appear in a file, most obviously in a file describing the system. TIES selected the string `+++AT[some valid command]` as its escape sequence, the shortest valid command being simply `+++AT`. This relied on any file describing such a system to be unlikely to place the command on a line followed immediately by a carriage return. Nevertheless, this was going to occur at some point, and more annoying, could happen at random in a binary file, like a .zip. This would occur, on average, about once per gigabyte, which was at that time an extremely large size - most hard drives of the era were about 40 MB. Hayes estimated that a user transmitting files for one hour a day would encounter about six files per year that randomly contained this sequence and drop the modem into command mode.

Control structures include the usual iterative and conditional Do Loops, If-Then-Else statements, and Case statements, with some more complex variants, such as ElseIf and nested control structures. As a memory aid in coding, and certainly for readability, there are a large number of constants, such as True and False for logical values, vbOKCancel and vbYesNo for MsgBox codes, vbBlack and vbYellow for color values, vbCR for the carriage return character, and many others. Variables have "Variant" type by default, but it is possible (and sometimes necessary) to force a particular type (integer, date, etc.) using conversion functions (CInt, CDate, etc.) User interaction is provided through the functions `MsgBox` and `InputBox` which provide a simple dialogue box format for messages and input. Both functions display prompting messages, with the former returning a standard response, and the latter returning one user-supplied text or numeric value.

Teletype Corporation Model 28 KSR keyboard Model 28 Keyboard Send-Receive Page Printer The Teletype Model 28 KSR, first delivered to the United States Navy in 1951, represented approximately twelve years of research and design. The KSR is composed of a keyboard base (LK) which supports the motor unit (LMU) and the typing unit (LP) and incorporates the code selecting and signal generator mechanisms. The standard Teletype three-row keyboard is expanded on the Model 28 with the addition of special keys, normally colored red, which allow the operator to control keyboard line break, keyboard lock and unlock, repeat operation, and local carriage return and local line feed. The keyboard base, with the attached motor unit and typing unit, is pivotally mounted a cradle within the cabinet and swings outward for maintenance. Unlike previous machines, all mechanical controls, such as the Model 15 manual platen crank, are brought to the front so that machines can be positioned side-by-side in rows.

One peculiarity of the Model 4 video driver is the way ASCII carriage return characters (13 decimal or 0D hex) are handled. When this character code is sent to the driver the system cursor is both returned to column zero and a linefeed is issued, which advances the cursor to the next line (causing the screen to scroll if the cursor was at the screen's bottom at row 23). This is contrary to other Z80 computers running the CP/M OS, and the industry-standard IBM PC DOS and MS-DOS OSes. These do not issue automatic linefeeds, which must be supplied by the software application separately. The result of this peculiarity of the Model 4 video driver is that files imported from these other OSes with single- spaced text will appear double-spaced on the Model 4 display. Many users processed text files like these with a utility that would strip out the redundant ASCII linefeed characters (10 decimal or 0A hex).

Beyond the manual labor of type-ins, it was not uncommon for certain magazines to print poor quality listings, presenting the reader with nearly illegible characters (especially in the case where machine-code data was printed using extended ASCII glyphs instead of DATA statements); this typically happened when transferring the list output from the era's ubiquitous 7–8-pin dot-matrix printers directly to the printing presses—sometimes even without prettyprinting. This was particularly troublesome in listings which contained graphical characters representing control codes, used for instance for cursor movements; such characters tended to be less legible than alphanumeric ones in the first place. Additional issues arose after the advent of BASICs that did not require line numbers as the magazine broke logical lines across physical lines due to space constraints, and without the line numbers, the distinction was not always apparent. Compute! even for a time used a handwritten arrow to represent a carriage return in its program listings.

Relative widths of various spaces in Unicode With many keyboard layouts, a horizontal whitespace character may be entered through the use of a . Horizontal whitespace may also be entered on many keyboards through the use of the key, although the length of the space may vary. Vertical whitespace is a bit more varied as to how it is encoded, but the most obvious in typing is the result which creates a 'newline' code sequence in applications programs. Older keyboards might instead say , abbreviating the typewriter keyboard meaning 'Carriage-Return' which generated an electromechanical return to the left stop (CR code in ASCII-hex &0D;) and a line feed or move to the next line (LF code in ASCII-hex &0A;); in some applications these were independently used to draw text cell based displays on monitors or for printing on tractor-guided printers--which might also contain reverse motions/positioning code sequences allowing text- based output devices to achieve more sophisticated output.

The Model 28 equipment adjustments are made by turning screws and not by bending metal bars and levers as is done in the later Model 32 and Model 33 series of teleprinters. The Model 28 printing unit frame is lighter due to the use of stamped sheet metal instead of cast iron. The Model 28 ASR allowed the user to operate the keyboard to punch tape while transmitting a previously punched tape and to punch a tape while printing an incoming message. One of the design advances in the Model 28 is the use of a compact and lightweight type box. In the Model 15, the moving carriage assembly weighs slightly over five pounds. The carriage assembly in the Model 28 weighs eight ounces. This weight reduction allows for a faster carriage return, necessary for 100 word-per- minute operation. The lighter carriage assembly effectively eliminates the effect of gravity on operation in the air and on the sea where level operation in not practical.Zenner, W.J. "A New Teletypewriter", RTTY Journal, 1953, p. 6.

The library differentiates itself from other implementations by transferring data directly between file pages mapped to memory by the mmap() function and the network stack. On high-bandwidth connections, it claims to be able to seed at three times the speed of the official client. rTorrent packages are available for various Linux distributions and Unix-like systems, and it will compile and run on nearly every POSIX-compliant operating system, such as FreeBSD and OS X. rTorrent uses ncurses and is suitable for use with screen or Tmux; it uses commands such as Carriage return to load a torrent, after which ^S can be used to start a torrent (where ^ is shorthand for Ctrl key), backspace can be used to automatically start a torrent once it is loaded, making a subsequent issue of ^S unnecessary, ^K for stop, and ^D for pause, or if already paused or stopped, ^D again to delete the torrent. It supports saving of sessions and allows the user to add and remove torrents.

The Unicode Standard defines a codespace of numerical values ranging from 0 through 10FFFF16, called code points and denoted as U+0000 through U+10FFFF ("U+" plus the code point value in hexadecimal, prepended with leading zeros as necessary to result in a minimum of four digits, e. g., U+00F7 for the division sign, ÷, versus U+13254 for the Egyptian hieroglyph designating a reed shelter or a winding wall In conformity with the bullet point relating to Unicode in MOS:ALLCAPS, the formal Unicode names are not used in this paragraph.), respectively. Out of these 216 \+ 220 defined code points, the code points from U+D800 through U+DFFF, which are used to encode surrogate pairs in UTF-16, are reserved by the Standard and may not be used to encode valid characters, resulting in a net total of 216 − 211 \+ 220 = 1,112,064 possible code points corresponding to valid Unicode characters. Not all of these code points necessarily correspond to visible characters; several, for example, are assigned to control codes such as carriage return.

Anderson completed "The Typewriter" on October 9, 1950 in Woodbury, Connecticut."Leroy Anderson: A Bio-Bibliography", Praeger 2004, Chapter 2 – "Works", Pages 25–81. "The Typewriter" received its first performance on September 8, 1953 during a recording Anderson and the Boston Pops Orchestra made in New York City for Decca Records."Leroy Anderson: A Bio- Bibliography", Praeger 2004, Appendix H – "Recording Sessions and Musicians", page 411 Anderson composed the melody for symphony and pops orchestras; William Zinn and Floyd Werle arranged it for string orchestras and wind bands respectively.Published Music // Leroy Anderson's official website Bell structure Its name refers to the fact that its performance requires a typewriter, while using three basic typewriter sounds: the sound of typing, the "ring" of the carriage return indicating an approaching end-of-line (a standard desk bell is used for it), and the sound of the typewriter’s carriage returning. In some cases the sound of the typewriter’s carriage returning is made by a musical gourdEvening at Pops with Leroy Anderson, transcript of episode of Evening at Pops broadcast in May 1972, at PBS, retrieved June 23 2012, flute, string or other instrument.