The attempt of the capitoul Pierre Hunault, sieur de Lanta, to seize control of Toulouse's Capitol was the immediate cause of the 1562 riots there.
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The Hotel de Brucelles is located at 19 rue des Changes, in the historic center of Toulouse and was built circa 1544 for the capitoul Arnaud de Brucelles.
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The Hotel Dahus, also called Capitoul Pierre-Dahus Hotel, Roquette Hotel or Tournoer Tower, is a private mansion in Toulouse, located at 9 rue Ozenne. It was built between 1474 and 1483, for the capitoul Pierre Dahus. The Tournoer Tower, dating from 1532, owes its name to the President of Parliament, Paul Tournoer, who had it erected. On the tower, a motto in Latin is engraved in the stone: ESTO MICHI DOMINE TURRIS FORTITUDINIS A FACIE INIMICI, "Lord, be for me a tower of courage against the enemy".
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The Hotel d'Astorg and Saint Germain is located at 16, rue des Changes, in the historical center of Toulouse and was built between 1550 and 1570 for the Capitoul Guillaume de Saint-Germain, then reworked by the captain Jean d'Astorg.
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The capitouls were elected annually from the city's eight districts, also called "capitoulates". Between the 14th and late 17th centuries, the election of the capitouls took place in November and December of each year. On November 23, each outgoing capitoul proposed six candidates. An assembly of former office holders halved this list to 24.
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'' Raimond de Beccarie de Pavie, baron (Seigneur) de Fourquevaux was a French soldier, politician, and diplomat. The baron de Fourquevaux was born in Toulouse on 29 September 1508. He held many posts in the French government of the time, including that of the governor of Narbonne, an Ambassador to Spain, and as a Capitoul of Toulouse. He was known as Raymond Beccaria, Raymond de Rouer, and Raimond de Beccarie de Pavie.
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He is one of the influential personages of the time. In 1526 he married Jeanne de Lancefoc, who came from a large family of Capitouls. In 1548 he married his daughter Peyronne to Pierre d'Assézat, another woad merchant. Elected capitoul one month after the purchase of the hotel de Boysson, Jean de Cheverry seems to undertake new developments in a Renaissance style that corresponds to the fashion of the time.
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The Hôtel du Vieux Raisin. The Hôtel du Vieux Raisin in Toulouse, France is a Renaissance hôtel particulier (palace) of the 16th century. This townhouse is surely one of the most beautiful private mansions of the time. It was built for Berenger Maynier, professor of law, lord of Canac and Gallice and capitoul in 1515–1516; The style chosen was that of this period, strongly influenced by Italian Renaissance architecture.
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In 1458, a ruined house already belongs to Huc de Boysson, draper, woad merchant, but also a money changer, originally from Aubin and settled in Toulouse in 1432. The great fire of 7 May 1463 destroyed this house, like the other houses in the neighborhood. It is therefore probably between 1463 and 1468, when it becomes capitoul, that a new residence is built by Huc de Boysson, which thus marks his wealth and power. In 1535, the hotel was acquired by Jean de Cheverry, a woad merchant.
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Toulouse's political system was unique, which as historian Mark Greengrass states, resulted in "a city where royal judges and municipal authorities had no clear sense of their mutual responsibilities ... [it had] an old and highly developed political consciousness stretching back to its charters in the thirteenth century. Amongst its privileges was a freedom from royal taxation and an exemption from royal garrison within its walls." Each year capitouls were elected from each of the cities eight urban districts (called capitoulats). The role of capitoul was not limited to any particular group and candidates could be seigneurs from noble bloodlines or lawyers and merchants (only officers of the Crown were ineligible).
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Jean de La Hire Jean de La Hire (pseudonym of the Comte Adolphe d'Espie) (28 January 1878 – 5 September 1956) was a prolific French author of numerous popular adventure, science fiction and romance novels. Adolphe d'Espie was born on 28 January 1878 in Banyuls-sur-Mer, Pyrénées-Orientales. He was a scion of an old French noble family dating back the reign of Saint Louis, which gave the ancient city of Toulouse a Capitoul during the Middle Age. He was a soldier during World War I. He died during 1956 at Nice as a result of a congestion of the lungs due to chronic pulmonary problems from having been gassed during that war.
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Fevrier 1778 (p. 445–446) His works were conceived as practical manuals and instructions and demonstrated the high level of craftsmanship of pyrotechnics in the early modern period. Capitoul of Toulouse from 1758 to 1762, Perrinet wrote some books on pyrotechnics, of which he made a special study, books in which Diderot et d'Alembert drew information for the articles of the Encyclopédie that dealt with this part. By judgment of 12 June 1743, Perrinet Orval, salt store recipient of Sancerre and Stephen Renouard, master of water and forests of the Sancerre County, are in dispute with Jean et Étienne Ravot, merchants of Orleans, about the liquidation of an inheritance (1743–1745).archivesnationales.culture.gouv.
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Certain that neither justice for their dead nor safety for themselves would be possible under the current political situation, in April Pierre Hunault, sieur de Lanta (one of the Protestant capitouls) veered off his civic trip to Paris and went to Orléans to contact Louis, Prince of Condé. Prince Condé (a convert to the Reformed Church of France and the brother of King Antoine of Navarre) had become the champion of resistance to the domination of the Crown by the staunchly Catholic Guise family. He was seen as a protector of Protestants and had begun to seize and garrison strategic towns along the Loire. Condé told the capitoul to capture Toulouse for the Protestants.
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Situated at the heart of the merchant quarter, Hôtel de Brucelles was built in 1544 by the cloth merchant Arnaud de Brucelles (elected capitoul in 1534-1535) on a very small plot overlooking Rue des Changes. Restricted by the dimensions of the site, he expressed his ambitions upwards by building a very high polygonal staircase tower and a brick turret, both adorned with stone sculptures. Entry to the site was gained through the tower, the latter giving access to the house at the back of the courtyard and, through three superimposed galleries, the building on the street. To augment the luxury of his home, Arnaud de Brucelles commissioned several stone windows, each featuring small columns, in accordance with the new fashion instigated in Toulouse by one of its most prominent citizens, Jean de Bagis.
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Voltaire (1694–1778) French philosopher Voltaire was contacted about the case, and after initial suspicions that Calas was guilty of anti- Catholic fanaticism were dispelled by his allegations, he began a campaign to get Calas' sentence overturned, claiming that Marc-Antoine had committed suicide because of gambling debts and not being able to finish his university studies due to his denomination. Voltaire's efforts were successful, and King Louis XV received the family and had the sentence annulled in 1764. The king fired the chief magistrate of Toulouse, the Capitoul, the trial was done over, and in 1765 Jean Calas posthumously was exonerated on a "vice de procedure", not on the original charges, with the family paid 36,000 livres by the king in compensation. Voltaire, an outspoken critic of the Catholic church, cited the instance as an example of the church's severity in his 1763 work Treatise on Tolerance.
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