1000 Sentences With "Caledonian" | Random Sentence Generator

With service between London and Scotland, the Caledonian Sleeper is an overnight train with three sleeper room options: the Caledonian Double, Club Room, and Classic Room.

The New Caledonian government will review the applications next week.

A New Caledonian crow inserts a card tool into food dispenser.

First up, Federer received a warm welcome from his Caledonian opponent.

Around Caledonian Road are numerous monuments to an older King's Cross.

New Caledonian and Hawaiian crows share a common feature: unusually straight bills.

McAfee suggested four Caledonian pines, tall, spindly firs to remind her of Scotland.

It's the Caledonian sleeper from London to Fort William in the West Highlands of Scotland.

The 297-foot (90.6 meter) MS Caledonian Sky crashed into the reefs at Raja Ampat on March 4.

On Saturday the Scottish championship team Inverness Caledonian Thistle (ICTFC) unveiled what was either genius or pure evil.

Pauley said it later turned out Caledonian had received only $1.4 million in connection with the alleged schemes.

The Caledonian Sleeper, a night train that travels between London and Scotland, has three types of sleeper cabins.

The original caption reads: A passenger-and-car ferry built for the Scottish company Caledonian Maritime Assets Ltd.

New Caledonian crows are heavy hitters when it comes to smarts, known for their play and advanced toolmaking skills.

So there's fossils, pre-Columbian, Art Nouveau, a Vietnamese Buddha, New Caledonian — it's a real mishmosh, an eclectic combination.

Arguments have erupted over changing rooms, all-women MP shortlists and even the cabin arrangements of the Caledonian Sleeper train.

Clark, 70, joined the airline as a founding member in 1985, having previously worked at Gulf Air and Caledonian Airways.

Suleyman grew up just off Caledonian Road in North London where he lived with his parents and his two younger brothers.

Clark also served as managing director of SriLankan Airlines until 2008, and before that worked for Gulf Air and Caledonian Airways.

Also all the plasters from Boisgeloup onwards and a cast of Michelangelo's Slave and of a New Caledonian (?) Islands figure in B.

New Caledonian crows were trained to seek rewards by tearing paper of a certain size, demonstrating what researchers say is quite advanced toolmaking.

New Caledonian crows are known for their toolmaking, but Alex Taylor and his colleagues wanted to understand just how advanced they could be.

Researchers from Glasgow Caledonian University have shown that the WHO's six-step hand hygiene practice (pdf) is superior to the CDC's three-step protocol.

The following day, he received a transfer of €34,627 from a client account at Caledonian Bank, a small private bank in the Cayman Islands.

The dreamy beauty of a coral reef in Southeast Asia has been partially damaged by a massive, 4,290-ton cruise ship called the Caledonian Sky.

However, to do so, it will have to turn around its troubled New Caledonian operations, a task described by Schvartsman as "maybe our biggest challenge".

It did not give details, but has previously announced plans to switch its New Caledonian production to ferronickel exclusively and also export more unrefined ore.

England's death rate is far lower than the US, according to a 2017 study by the Glasgow Caledonian University, School of Health and Life Sciences.

When Cara Smyth, the vice president of Glasgow Caledonian New York College, was asked, she also said she thought the claim derived from the film.

Just last month, one team found that New Caledonian crows, the well-known toolmakers, could build tools from multiple components in order to extend their reach.

The Caledonian Sleeper, complete with smartly dressed waiters, neeps and tatties and a selection of whiskies, is the best way to travel between London and Scotland.

Billy Hare, a professor of construction management at Glasgow Caledonian University, says "if it was any other building it would be demolished", such is the damage.

On March 1.1, a 295-foot-long, 4,290-ton ship called the Caledonian Sky ran aground along a stretch of beach, damaging the pristine reefs below.

Halperin, who was born in Caledonian Hospital, on Prospect Park South, which has also been converted to apartments, said her home offered both city and sanctuary.

According to a criminal complaint, filed with Portuguese prosecutors the following week, someone had used a phishing attack to access Caledonian Bank's backup e-mail servers.

That move will introduce the first new night trains in Europe since Caledonian Sleeper, connecting London with Scotland, rolled out new hotel-style carriages this year.

Evan L. MacLean at Duke University was one of the primary authors of that paper, which included birds and other nonprimates but not the New Caledonian crow.

Photo: Solvin ZanklWhile this isn't quite as complex as New Caledonian crows attaching two pieces together in order to create a new tool, it's still pretty nuts.

On Friday, October 11th, Pinto received a second windfall from Caledonian Bank—this time from an account belonging to NetJets, the private-jet-rental company—of €227,332.80.

Eramet said that the STCPI, the vehicle representing the New Caledonian provinces, had agreed to contribute to additional financing for SLN under a package to run to 2018.

The other is the New Caledonian crow on New Caledonia island in the South Pacific, which uses tools to extract insects and other prey from deadwood and vegetation.

New Caledonian crows craft tools to retrieve inaccessible grub; blue jays count; African gray parrots converse with humans, who entrust homing pigeons with carrying messages across enemy lines.

A growing number of ports across the Pacific, from Busan, South Korea to the New Caledonian ports of Lifou, Mare and Isle of Pines, are banning cruise ships.

This is a small study, of course, and does not observe the birds in the wild (though New Caledonian crows are well-known tool users, fashioning hooks to feed).

But among New Caledonian crows, it's not clear if their tool-making skills are the result of imitation, or an ability acquired through the passing down of cultural traditions.

"Prescribing has been down for the past few years, largely because there was concern about benzodiazepine misuse within Scotland," explained Andrew McAuley, senior research fellow at Glasgow Caledonian University.

Mr. Rouhani, 67, comes from a religious family, but he has a Ph.D. in law from Glasgow Caledonian University, in Scotland, and is not known as a religious hard-liner.

He reached an out-of-court settlement with the Caledonian Bank after being accused of hacking into its systems and transferring thousands of dollars from one of its client accounts.

The book is set in the same world as his debut novel The Caledonian Gambit (although the two stand apart); a sequel, The Aleph Extraction, is due out next March.

Once, in captivity, when a New Caledonian male crow had taken all the available hooks, its mate Betty took a straight piece of wire and bent it to make one.

The Caledonian Sky — operated by British tourism company Noble Caledonia — found itself caught in a low tide before plowing into the reefs located along the Indonesian island chain of Raja Ampat.

The SEC in 2015 sued Caledonian and three broker-dealers in Belize and Panama, accusing them of offering and selling unregistered penny stocks to investors through several "pump-and-dump" schemes.

The following typed letter — which purports to be a response from Scottish brewery Tennent's Caledonian to an enquiry about holding a "giant sesh" at their establishment — definitely falls into this category.

In an aviary at Oxford University in 2002, a New Caledonian crow named Betty tried to pull a little bucket with a piece of meat out of a transparent vertical pipe.

The New Caledonian government issued regulations that ban fishing and limit tourist boats in important coral areas within its huge marine area, known as the Natural Park of the Coral Sea.

These BBC directors who were looking for kids who could play street found me acting underneath a church on Caledonian Road—which is in a working-class area in north London.

The UK's British Caledonian and British Midland were both acquired by British Airways, itself created by the 1974 merger of British Overseas Airways Corporation, British European Airways, and two smaller regional carriers.

During the summer of 253, Aníbal Pinto reached a deal with Caledonian Bank, in which his client agreed to return half the first transaction and keep the rest, a total of €17,313.50.

New Caledonian crow with a stickPhoto: Auguste von BayernLet's say there is a hundred dollar bill wedged behind a bookshelf just beyond your reach, and beside the shelf is a set of TinkerToys.

The Bayern Agenda by Dan Moren Dan Moren's latest novel is set in the same world as his 2017 debut, The Caledonian Gambit, but it's designed as a standalone entry into the world.

"Heroin-assisted treatment is a much more clinical service aimed at getting people stable," Andrew McAuley, a senior research fellow on substance use at Glasgow Caledonian University, said in an interview on Wednesday.

The Caledonian Gambit by Dan Moren The Illyrican Empire and the Commonwealth are engaged in a cold war, and between the two superpowers are two men who can tip the balance between the two.

The New Caledonian government authorised the export of 2000,289 tonnes last year and has upped the quota this year, albeit with the slightly curious stipulation that ore can't be sold to Chinese NPI producers.

The supply uncertainty generated by the Philippines and Indonesia has been something of a blessing for New Caledonian producers, who were left reeling by last year's closure of their main customer, Australia's Queensland Nickel.

The New Caledonian government authorized the export of 2000,289 tonnes last year and has upped the quota this year, albeit with the slightly curious stipulation that ore can't be sold to Chinese NPI producers.

Jacqui Reilly of the Glasgow Caledonian University, the lead author of the study, which focused on health-care workers, stressed that the way the steps were counted emphasized the precision of the superior W.H.O. technique.

He is the president of the New York Caledonian Curling Club, which was founded in 1855 and used to hold matches on the Conservatory Water in Central Park but now curls at the Ardsley club.

The clip above — taken from Tuesday's game between Aberdeen and Inverness Caledonian Thistle — shows Storey getting the ball tangled beneath his feet while literally standing on the goal line, accompanied by agonised groans from the crowd.

U.S. District Judge William Pauley in Manhattan questioned whether the SEC's $25 million settlement with Caledonian was in the public's interest, given that the regulator had turned that sum into a "phantom judgment" by waiving payment.

MELBOURNE (Reuters) - Brazil's Vale is reassessing its loss-making New Caledonian nickel operations as part of a wider review of low performing assets after new Chief Executive Fabio Schvartsman took charge last month, a spokesman said.

Mr. Silven, a 28-year-old Caledonian with knife-edge cheekbones, a Romantic poet's hairdo and eyebrows that look like a pair of chic caterpillars nesting on his forehead, is a mentalist and a fine one.

When queried, Ms. Fisher said she believed she originally got her information from "The True Cost," a 2015 film by Andrew Morgan, and that she believed it was also discussed by the Glasgow Caledonian Fair Fashion Center.

Llegó a un acuerdo fuera de tribunales con el Caledonian Bank en 2014, por ejemplo, después de haber sido acusado de atacar sus sistemas y transferir miles de dólares de una de las cuentas de sus clientes.

During the early 1980s, BCal and its affiliated companies adopted a new organisational structure to reflect the growth in the group's business and the diversification into new activities. Caledonian Aviation Group (renamed British Caledonian Group in 1986) became the new holding company. It had an issued share capital of £20 million in June 1987. Apart from the airline, subsidiaries included British Caledonian Aircraft Trading, British Caledonian Flight Training, British Caledonian Helicopters, Caledonian Airmotive, Caledonian Hotel Holdings and Caledonian Leisure Holdings.

Johan Idrele (born 29 January 1995) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a midfielder for New Caledonian club Lossi and the New Caledonian national team.

Caledonian Lockheed TriStar departing in 1993 from Manchester Airport on a charter flight to Izmir Caledonian Airways was formed in 1988 when British Airways acquired British Caledonian. The British Airways air charter subsidiary British Airtours was rebranded as Caledonian Airways. In 1995 British Airways sold Caledonian Airways to UK tour operator Inspirations, part of the Carlson Group. Between 1997 and 1998 Caledonian Airways operated four aircraft under the name Peach Air.

Cameron Wadenges, (born 5 August 2000) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a defender for New Caledonian club AS Magenta and the New Caledonian national team.

Warren Houala (born 26 June 1997) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a forward for New Caledonian club Hienghène Sport and the New Caledonian national team.

Kiam Wanesse, (born 5 November 2001) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a defender for New Caledonian club AS Wetr and the New Caledonian national team.

Cyril Drawilo (born 11 April 2000) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a midfielder for New Caledonian club Mont-Dore and the New Caledonian national team.

Cédric Decoire (born 15 May 1994) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a midfielder for New Caledonian club AS Mont-Dore and the New Caledonian national team.

Clarence Nyipie, sometimes written Nypie (born 3 April 1999) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a defender for New Caledonian club Lossi and the New Caledonian national team.

Renzo Wéjième (born 9 September 1999) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a midfielder for New Caledonian club AS Magenta, New Caledonia under-20 and the New Caledonian national team.

Gaétan Gope-Iwate, sometimes spelled Gaéton, (born 5 October 1998) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a defender for New Caledonian club AS Wetr and the New Caledonian national team.

An off-shoot of the Caledonian Cricket Club was the Caledonian Football Club, who also leased Burnbank.

The Caledonian garnered attention in 2003 over a court case entitled Caledonian-Record Pub. Co., Inc. v. VT State College. The Caledonian wanted to have access to student disciplinary records and hearings from Lyndon State College.

It is closely related to the Vanikoro flycatcher. Alternate names for the Melanesian flycatcher include broad-billed flycatcher, Caledonian flycatcher, Caledonian Myiagra flycatcher, Melanesian broadbill, Melanesian Myiagra, New Caledonian flycatcher and New Caledonian Myiagra flycatcher. The alternate name "broad-billed flycatcher" should not be confused with the species of the same name, Myiagra ruficollis.

The modern use of "Caledonia" in English and Scots is either as a historical description of northern Britain during the Roman era or as a romantic or poetic name for Scotland as a whole. The name has been widely used by organisations and commercial entities. Notable examples include Glasgow Caledonian University, ferry operator Caledonian MacBrayne, and the now- defunct British Caledonian airline and Caledonian Railway. The Caledonian Sleeper is an overnight train service from London to Scottish destinations.

Telford Street Park was a football ground in Inverness, Scotland. It was the home ground of Caledonian F.C. and latterly Caledonian Thistle F.C..

Glasgow Caledonian University Students' Association (GCUSA) is the students' association of Glasgow Caledonian University. It represents and enables Glasgow Caledonian University students to enhance all aspects of their student experience. It is located in the Students' Association Building on the Glasgow Campus and has an office at GCU London. All Glasgow Caledonian University students are automatically admitted to its membership upon matriculation.

Site of Banknock Railway StationFollowing the opening of the line there were normally four passenger trains daily between Glasgow and Bonnybridge. The Caledonian operated onwards trains from Bonnybridge to Larbert. Ross says, in The Caledonian, page 130, that the Caledonian Railway connections were to Greenhill. This is a mistake; the Greenhill trains were from the Caledonian Railway Bonnybridge station, south of the Forth and Clyde Canal.

The siliciclastic deposits of the succeeding Devonian period represent in large part the rapid attrition of the extensive Caledonian Mountain belt created by the Caledonian collision.

The Caledonian Brewery The Caledonian Brewery, the only survivor of Edinburgh's old breweries, founded in 1869, lies on Slateford Road to the north of the area.

The replay in Airdrie finished 5–2 to Morton, allowing them to progress to the fifth round to play Inverness Caledonian Thistle at the Caledonian Stadium.

The general history of the company is described in the article Caledonian Railway and detail of the development of the route is at Caledonian Main Line.

Pothin Poma (born 13 December 1997) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Tahitian club Vénus and the New Caledonian national team.

Jets Monthly (Airline History – The BCal STORY...: Caledonian Routes), p. 41, Kelsey Publishing Group, Cudham, November 2011 Caledonian operated its inaugural flight on 29 November 1961 from Gatwick, the newly formed airline's main operating base, to Barbados.Aeroplane (Commercial Aviation Affairs: Caledonian Starts), Vol. 101, No. 2614, p.

The club was founded on 11 February 1913 as the Caledonian Soccer Club by members of the Fremantle Caledonian Society. The club played games at Fremantle Park.

Caledonian rocks overlie rocks of the much older Svecokarelian and Sveconorwegian provinces. The Caledonian rocks actually form large nappes () that have been thrusted over the older rocks. Much of the Caledonian rocks have been eroded since they were put in place meaning that they were once thicker and more contiguous. It is also implyed from the erosion that the nappes of Caledonian rock reached once further east than they do today.

Reconstruction showing the collision of three paleocontinents during Caledonian orogeny approximately 390 million years ago. The red line shows where the Iapetus Suture extends in the present day. Note that Scandinavian Caledonides were just one branch of the Caledonian orogeny that affected much of what is now Europe. Most of the rocks of the Scandinavian Mountains are Caledonian, which means they were put in place by the Caledonian orogeny.

Caledonian rocks overlie rocks of the much older Svecokarelian and Sveconorwegian provinces. The Caledonian rocks actually form large nappes () that have been thrust over the older rocks. Much of the Caledonian rocks have been eroded since they were put in place, meaning that they were once thicker and more contiguous. It is also implied from the erosion that the nappes of Caledonian rock once reached further east than they do today.

Ex-Caledonian Railway 0-4-4T no. 55178 at Balornock (St Rollox) Locomotive Depot in 1948 Ex-Caledonian Railway 0-4-4T no. 55199 at Dingwall Locomotive Depot in 1957 Caledonian Railway 0-4-4T steam locomotives were built for the Caledonian Railway, in Scotland, over many years. Most survived into London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) ownership in 1923 and some into British Railways (BR) ownership in 1948.

Jean-Christ Wajoka (born September 6, 1992) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a defender for New Caledonian side Magenta and the New Caledonia national team.

Caledonian Thistle F.C. was formed in August 1994 from the merger of Caledonian and Thistle, with an objective of taking up one of the two available places in the Scottish League. The merger was opposed by some supporters of both clubs, with Caledonian fans staging a number of protests, but the merger went through and the new club was selected to the Scottish Third Division along with fellow Highland team, Ross County. Caledonian Thistle started 1994–95 with a game against Arbroath on 13 August 1994, which ended in a 5–2 win at Telford Street Park, the former home ground of Caledonian. Alan Hercher scored Caledonian Thistle's first league goal, and went on to complete a hat-trick.

Hornby's Caledonian Railway 0F "Smokey Joe" model The Hornby model railway manufacturing company have produced a 0-4-0 Caledonian Railway Pug locomotiveHornby Caledonian Railway Pug. and Dapol Model railways have produced a LMS branded ex-Lancashire and Yorkshire Pug.Dapol ex-L&YR; Pug. This model is now manufactured by Hornby.

This is a list of seasons played by Inverness Caledonian Thistle Football Club in Scottish football from their formation in 1994, following the merger of Caledonian and Inverness Thistle.

29 December 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2013. Kaï was also included in the New Caledonian Football Federation's "Team of the Year".Le verdict est tombé New Caledonian Football Federation.

The Caledonian Railway 908 Class were 4-6-0 mixed traffic locomotives designed by John F. McIntosh and built in 1906, at the Caledonian Railway's own St. Rollox Works.

The Caledonian Railway 918 Class were 4-6-0 steam tender locomotives designed by John F. McIntosh and built in 1906, at the Caledonian Railway's own St. Rollox Works.

In December 1987, British Airways (BA) gained control of the airline. The Caledonian name and livery was then used to rebrand BA's Gatwick-based subsidiary British Airtours as Caledonian Airways.

The 1994–1995 Highland Football League was won by Huntly. The league was reduced to sixteen teams after Ross County along with Caledonian and Inverness Thistle (as the newly formed Caledonian Thistle) left to join the Scottish Football League. Wick Academy, formerly of the North Caledonian Football League was elected in their place.

The 2018–19 North Caledonian Football League (known for sponsorship reasons as the Macleod & MacCallum North Caledonian League) was the 110th season of the North Caledonian Football League. The season began on 1 September 2018. Orkney were the defending champions. Golspie Sutherland won their tenth league title, their first in four years.

High Risk: The Politics of the Air, p. 244 Caledonian had also considered a merger with Britannia Airways as a fallback option in case the preferred option of merging with BUA had failed to materialise.High Risk: The Politics of the Air, p. 215 In November 1970, Caledonian merged with BUA. Initially operating under the interim name Caledonian//BUA, the merged entity adopted the British Caledonian name as of September 1971. During the 1970s and '80s, British Caledonian became the UK's largest independent, international scheduled airline, with an extensive global route network serving over 40 destinations in around 25 countries on five continents.

Caledonian Railway locomotives still existing in 1923 were taken into the stock of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS). The LMS built some locomotives to Caledonian Railway designs after 1923.

Category:Scotland football derbies Category:Aberdeen F.C. Category:Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C.

On 8 September 1899 the company's locomotive Talla was working at Broughton when it became derailed, blocking the passenger line. The Caledonian Railway was evidently dissatisfied with the technical standards of Young's rolling stock, for the Caledonian now prohibited TallaAnd presumably Young's three other engines. from working on to Caledonian track. Young was unable to respond to the situation, and the Water Trust now asked the Caledonian to work the private railway, but this was refused.

At that time, two-thirds of all passengers were carried on charter flights.accounting for 60% of revenues During that period, former BUA air hostesses still wearing that airline's blue uniforms were working alongside their tartan-clad, former Caledonian counterparts in the cabins of all passenger flights. Eventually, the Caledonian tartan uniforms became BCal's standard for female staff. Following the interim period, Caledonian Airways (Prestwick) Ltd and British United Airways Ltd were merged into British Caledonian Airways Ltd (BCal).

The Future with Confidence (, AEC) is a liberal-conservative and anti- independence alliance of political parties in New Caledonia. Founded in February 2019 as a common list for the 2019 New Caledonian legislative election, this alliance consists of four political parties which include : The Caledonian Republicans, The Rally, The Popular Caledonian Movement and All Caledonians.

At this time the Caledonian Railway was planning its route linking Glasgow, and the Caledonian concluded an agreement to take over the Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway and the Wishaw and Coltness Railway. The other coal railways aligned themselves away from the Caledonian Railway's influence, and in 1848 they merged to form the Monkland Railways.

The Tennent Caledonian Cup (sponsored by Tennent Caledonian Breweries) was a short-lived preseason football tournament held at Ibrox Park from 1976 to 1979 and contested by teams from England and Scotland.

The Caledonian Railway had pursued an aggressive policy of capturing territory by leasing local railways. This avoided a large initial payment, but committed the Caledonian to massive periodical payments. The Caledonian was soon overwhelmed by this, and in the summer of 1849 asked the LNWR to take over the running of its line. The LNWR, seeing the situation, refused.

The Caledonian Stadium, is an association football stadium situated in the Longman area of Inverness, Scotland. The stadium plays host to the home matches of Scottish Professional Football League club Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

Gathuessi was eventually released by Hibs to sign for Inverness Caledonian Thistle in January 2009, along with Filipe Morais.Hibs pair heading for Inverness, BBC Sport, 8 January 2009.SQUAD UPDATE , Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

660 (Airways Interests (Thomson), which had been set up at Caledonian's inception a decade earlier as an investment vehicle for that airline's founders to enable them to maintain control, was renamed Caledonian Airways Ltd and became the new group holding company.)Thomson, A. (1990), pp. 94, 258"GUS Share in Caledonian" Flight International, 9 November 1967, p. 749 Before adopting the British Caledonian name, the new airline legally constituted two separate entities – Caledonian Airways (Prestwick) Ltd and British United Airways Ltd.

660 (Airways Interests (Thomson), which had been set up at Caledonian's inception a decade earlier as an investment vehicle for that airline's founders to enable them to maintain control, was renamed Caledonian Airways Ltd and became the new group holding company.)Thomson, A. (1990), pp. 94, 258"GUS Share in Caledonian" Flight International, 9 November 1967, p. 749 Before adopting the British Caledonian name, the new airline legally constituted two separate entities — Caledonian Airways (Prestwick) Ltd and British United Airways Ltd.

Prior to this the Caledonian Railway had intended to apply for powers to subscribe for shares in the CDR and to work it, but a difference of opinion about the connection to the G&SWR; lines resulted in the Caledonian withdrawing for the time being. In the 1881 session, however the Caledonian relented and the Caledonian Railway (Additional Powers) Act empowered it to subscribe 50% of the share issue, and to manage and work the line. Only now, on 7 December 1881, did the company issue a prospectus inviting public subscription. The Caledonian would work and maintain the line for 45% of gross receipts.

Caledonian Stadium, home of Inverness Caledonian Thistle The city is home to four football clubs that are recognised in the SFA Pyramid, though two are part of a league that hasn't been fully incorporated. Inverness Caledonian Thistle was formed in 1994 from the merger of two Highland League clubs, Caledonian and Inverness Thistle. "Caley Thistle" of the Scottish Championship plays at the Tulloch Caledonian Stadium, and have proven themselves to be the dominant team in the highlands after winning the Scottish Cup and participating in the Europa League in 2015, as well as many giant killings. The city's second football club, Clachnacuddin, plays in the Highland League. Inverness Athletic became the third, joining the North Caledonian Football League in 2016, with Loch Ness, becoming the 4th in 2020, after stepping up from Amateur Football.

Caledonian Football Club was a Scottish football club from the city of Inverness, Highland. It played in the Highland Football League until 1994, when it merged with Inverness Thistle to form Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

The Caledonian Railway 49 Class and 903 Class were 4-6-0 express passenger locomotives designed by John F. McIntosh and built at the Caledonian Railway's own St. Rollox Works in 1903 and 1906 respectively.

In 1876 the Caledonian Railway bought four locomotives of this design from Neilsons. Between 1885 and 1908, the Caledonian Railway built thirty-four more examples at the company's own St. Rollox railway works in Glasgow.

He hand-carved the woodcuts used to illustrate the Caledonian Quarterly.

Brechin is a station in Angus, on the Caledonian Railway line.

Brighton's kit was manufactured by Adidas and sponsored by British Caledonian.

He was appointed locomotive superintendent of the Caledonian Railway in 1856.

Penman played for Inverness Caledonian in the Highland League before retiring.

There still remained the major part of the line to be built. The Caledonian Railway had advanced a large part of the capital of the company, and independent subscriptions were minimal. The company appealed to the Caledonian to take over the construction, and while this was an unwelcome situation, the Caledonian Railway agreed to do so.David Ross, The Caledonian: Scotland's Imperial Railway: A History, Stenlake Publishing Limited, Catrine, 2014, Meanwhile, the ordinary public train service commenced on 1 October 1901, over two weeks after the opening ceremony.

The Highland Council contributed £900,000 towards the development of Caledonian Stadium, now known for sponsorship reasons as the Tulloch Caledonian Stadium. The stadium is situated beside the Moray Firth, in the shadow of the Kessock Bridge. Its construction was promised in their election to the Scottish Football League. The former ground of Caledonian, Telford Street, was used until the new stadium was complete.

Caledonian Road is a station on the Piccadilly line of the London Underground, between King's Cross St. Pancras and Holloway Road, and in Travelcard Zone 2. It was opened on 15 December 1906 by the Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway. The building was designed by Leslie Green. Caledonian Road station is located on Caledonian Road in Holloway, north London.

The Caledonian Ground. Current and former locations of the Caledonian Ground within Dunedin's urban area are shown by the red and green dots respectively. The Caledonian Ground, often simply known as "The Caley", is a major sports venue in the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is primarily used for football (soccer) and athletics, and has a capacity of 7,500.

The Symington, Biggar and Broughton Railway was opened in 1860, having been taken over by the Caledonian during construction. It was extended to Peebles in 1864. In 1863 an independent line, the Dumfries, Lochmaben and Lockerbie Railway was opened. The line was encouraged by the Caledonian Railway, giving westward access into Dumfriesshire, and worked by it; the Caledonian acquired the line in 1865.

This critically endangered bird could be extinct but many believe that it still persists. Both the New Caledonian owlet-nightjar and the New Caledonian lorikeet are believed to persist under similar circumstances. There are also another twenty or so endemic birds on the island, including the tool-using New Caledonian crow. See Endemic birds of New Caledonia for more details.

In 1852 Queen Victoria became Patron and the Asylum was renamed the Royal Caledonian Schools, although legally it was and still is the "Caledonian Asylum". At that time it catered for about 70 boys and 50 girls. The Asylum's band occasionally played at charitable and other events. Buildings of the former Royal Caledonian School in Bushey, now housing the Purcell School.

Within weeks after signing for Inverness Caledonian, Greenock Morton signed Joe and therefore he never appeared for Inverness Caledonian in the Highland Football League. Caven now lives in Nairn, near Inverness, in the North of Scotland.

Caledonian Airways was a British charter airline established in 1988 by rebranding British Airtours when that company's parent British Airways took over British Caledonian. It merged in 2000 with Flying Colours Airlines to form JMC Air.

Sailings are met at by the Abellio ScotRail train service to . During the winter season, Caledonian Isles goes for her annual overhaul, and is commonly relieved by , or . Caledonian Isles has also been relieved by , and .

Locomotives of the Caledonian Railway. The Caledonian Railway Locomotive Works were originally at Greenock but moved to St. Rollox, Glasgow, in 1856. The locomotive classes are listed under the names of the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineers.

MV Jupiter leaving Dunoon MV Caledonian Isles at Gourock On 1 January 1973 the Caledonian Steam Packet Co. acquired most of the ships and routes of MacBrayne's and commenced joint Clyde and West Highland operations under the new name of Caledonian MacBrayne, with a combined headquarters at Gourock. Funnels were now painted red with a black top, and a yellow circle at the side of the funnel featuring the red Caledonian lion. In 1974 a new car ferry service from Gourock to Dunoon was introduced with the ferries and . In 1990 the ferry business was spun off as a separate company, keeping the Caledonian MacBrayne brand, and shares were issued in the company.

Following Inspirations' takeover by Thomas Cook, the former Caledonian Airways Tristars were withdrawn from service as these had suffered increasing, widely publicised reliability problems resulting in the travelling public's generally poor perception of Caledonian Airways "Mark Two".

Now the Caledonian too had a direct line through the centre of the city offering convenient east-west transits for passengers. Stobcross and the Queen's Dock was now reached from the city by the Caledonian as well.

Preserved Caledonian Railway 439 Class number 419 in June 2005 John Farquharson McIntosh (1846-1918) was a Scottish engineer. He was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Caledonian Railway from 1895-1914. He was succeeded by William Pickersgill.

MV Eigg was the sixth Island Class ferry built for Caledonian MacBrayne.

The regiment's regimental marches were 'Sir Manley Power' (quick) and 'Caledonian' (slow).

On 18 June 2015 Wedderburn joined Scottish Premiership side Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

The Air Caledonian fleet consisted of 1 Embraer EMB-110P1 Bandeirante aircraft.

The 2011–12 North Caledonian Football League was won by Halkirk United.

In 1994, when Caledonian and Inverness Thistle merged to form Inverness Caledonian Thistle, McAllister was automatically transferred to the new club from Caledonian. Initially he played as a left wing-back before adopting a central defender role under the management of former Soviet Union and Dynamo Kiev player Sergei Baltacha. McAllister made 138 appearances for Inverness Caledonian and scored 9 goals. During the club's inaugural season, McAllister made 39 out of a possible 40 appearances and was presented with both the Supporters Player of the Year and the Players' Player of the Year trophies.

Map showing the line from Maryhill to Springburn Park (Robroyston) in 1923The L&DR; line was worked by the Caledonian and its income was guaranteed by that company; moreover the Caledonian had increased its shareholding substantially, and on 1 August 1909 the L&DR; was vested in the Caledonian Railway. As shipping activity increased, a new Rothesay Dock opened at Clydebank on 25 April 1907. This abstracted much export traffic from traditional ports and docks. The Caledonian Railway built a connecting line from the LD&R; line in anticipation of this.

By the late 19th century the Islington site, near to Pentonville Prison, was recognised as unsuitable, and a new boarding school was built in Bushey, Hertfordshire, from 1902. The Caledonian Estate was built on the school's site in Caledonian Road. Bricks from the old Caledonian Asylum were used to build two blocks of flats in Widdenham Road, London N7, known collectively as Loraine Mansions. The Royal Caledonian offered education until 1948, after which resident children received their education at local schools, in later years Queens' School which lies adjacent on Aldenham Road.

A Caledonian MacBrayne ferry, , links Rùm and the neighbouring Small Isles of Canna, Eigg and Muck, to the mainland port of Mallaig some and hours sailing time away."Small Isles ferry timetable" Caledonian MacBrayne. Retrieved 24 September 2007.

When the main line was built, no branches were provided in the thinly populated terrain. Four independent companies made branches themselves, and the Caledonian built two. Shades of the past. A former Caledonian Railway building in Hamilton, Scotland.

228 within the industry it was widely acknowledged as a mutually agreed rescue deal to avoid the latter's collapse.Simons (1999), p. 100 The Caledonian name was kept alive, the charter subsidiary British Airtours being rebranded as Caledonian Airways.

The Caledonian Railway had long been dissatisfied with the service provided by independent steamer operators for the onward connections from its piers, and in 1889 it tried to obtain Parliamentary powers to operate steamers itself. This was vigorously resisted by the steamboat operators, and was turned down by Parliament. The Caledonian established a nominally independent company, the Caledonian Steam Packet Company (CSPC), in May 1889.

ASNE Partnership profile: Lyndon Institute/Caledonian-Record, High School Journalism. Accessed online: July 14, 2007Resources for New Hampshire Residents - Caledonian Record, NH.gov. Accessed online: July 14, 2007 The Caledonian has focused on local news from 50 communities, which are located in three Vermont counties and two New Hampshire ones.Alexander, Mary Jane, (Winter 1998) Civic journalism as rationale for aggressive coverage of domestic assault, Newspaper Research Journal.

Waldorf Astoria Edinburgh - The Caledonian, showing the original three arched entrances to the station complex Waldorf Astoria Edinburgh - The Caledonian is a five-star hotel in Edinburgh, Scotland. Opened in December 1903, it is an example of a British grand railway hotel, formerly called The Caledonian Hotel, and nicknamed 'The Caley'. It stands at the west end of Princes Street, and is a category A listed building.

In addition to Robbie Burns, the Royal Caledonia Hunt Club seems to have inspired the works of other artists. For example, The Caledonian Hunt, by Sir Alexander Don in 1780 and the Royal Caledonian Hunt's Delight, written by Mr James Miller in 1792 (later given words by Robbie Burns); and North's (Milles Macphail) Farewell to the Caledonian Hunt published as part of the Gow collection.

These traded together under the interim name Caledonian//BUA until September 1971."It's British Caledonian" Flight International, 9 September 1971, p. 395"World Airlines", Flight International, 18 May 1972, Supplement 17 The combined airline carried a total of 2.6 million passengers during its first year of operation. For accounting purposes, BCal's aircraft were respectively allocated to a "BUA Division" and "Caledonian Division" during the interim period.

On 31 March 2015, the new Caledonian Sleeper contract started, following takeover of the contract from DB Schenker. In February 2015, 86101 was repainted into the new Caledonian Blue livery. From 31 March 2015, 86101 was used to convey the empty sleeper coaching stock between Wembley and London Euston, along with 87 002. After a lengthy refurbishment, 86401 joined the Caledonian Sleeper fleet on 8 August 2015.

Urquhart started his career at Inverness Caledonian but moved to Rangers in 1978. He stayed at the club for two years before moving on to Wigan Athletic for a season. Urquhart returned to Inverness with Caledonian in 1981 and stayed at the club until its amalgamation into Inverness Caledonian Thistle in 1994. He stayed at the newly formed club for one season before retiring.

These traded together under the interim name Caledonian//BUA until September 1971."It's British Caledonian" Flight International, 9 September 1971, p. 395"World Airlines", Flight International, 18 May 1972, Supplement 17 The combined airline carried a total of 2.6 million passengers during its first year of operation. For accounting purposes, BCal's aircraft were respectively allocated to a "BUA Division" and "Caledonian Division" during the interim period.

Amongst all these players and officials a group of 14 were guests of the Fremantle Caledonian Society at a farewell function in the Caledonian Hall at the end of the 1915 season. When the Society organised a welcome home function for the Caledonian recruits four years later only five of the 14 attended, the rest having been killed, wounded or otherwise traumatised by the conflict.

Aeroplane (Commercial: Caledonian schedules), Vol. 112, No. 2871, p. 14, Temple Press, London, 27 October 1966Aeroplane (In Brief: Caledonian Airways has postponed its ... Prestwick-Barcelona-Ibiza service ... it has not yet received landing rights ...), Vol. 112, No. 2877, p.

After just one season with Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Wedderburn signed a pre-contract with Scottish Championship side Dunfermline Athletic becoming their first signing of the summer. Wedderburn previously played for Fife rivals Cowdenbeath before transferring to the Caledonian Stadium.

A heritage railway, the Caledonian Railway (Brechin), operates on the former Brechin branch.

The Caledonian paid an annuity to the shareholders of the former Greenock company.

A Caledonian MacBrayne ferry links the island with the mainland town of Mallaig.

The Royal Caledonian Hunt is a Scottish racing club dating back to 1777.

The 2009–10 North of Scotland Cup was won by Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

Henri Bonneaud (1907 – 2 March 1957) was a New Caledonian businessman and politician.

The New Caledonian species, Calochilus neocalidonium grows in maquis shrubland on rocky soils.

Paul Néaoutyine (born October 12, 1951 in Poindimié) is a New Caledonian politician. A Kanak of the Saint-Michel tribe, he has been president of the North Province of New Caledonia since 1999. He is a supporter of New Caledonian independence.

Néko Hnepeune (born April 21, 1954 in Wé) is a New Caledonian politician. A Kanak and advocate for New Caledonian independence, he has served as president of the Loyalty Islands since 2004, and has been mayor of Lifou since 2001.

The Caledonian-Record is a daily newspaper published in St. Johnsbury, Vermont and primarily circulates throughout Caledonia County. It was established in 1837.VT Living.com: Caledonian Record Publication Profile Accessed online: July 14, 2007 It employs a total staff of 36.

The Caledonian Railway 300 Class were freight 0-6-0 tender engines introduced in 1918 and designed by William Pickersgill. Forty-three were built between 1918 and 1920. They were numbered 294–324, 280, 281, 670–679 by the Caledonian Railway.

Caledonian Stadium, home to Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C., is situated within the shadow of the Kessock Bridge on the shores of the Moray Firth in the north of the area. The previous main campus of Inverness College is in the Longman.

This was also the time Caledonian merged with British United Airways (BUA), the largest contemporary independent airline and leading private sector scheduled carrier in the United Kingdom,High Risk: The Politics of the Air, pp. 256/7 and formed British Caledonian.

It was absorbed by the SCR in 1865 immediately before the SCR amalgamated with the Caledonian Railway on 1 August 1865, finally having gained Parliamentary approval to do so. The Scottish Central Railway was absorbed by the Caledonian Railway in 1865.

Following Inspirations' takeover by Thomas Cook, the remaining former Caledonian Airways Tristars were withdrawn from service as these had suffered increasing and widely publicised reliability problems which had resulted in a generally poor perception of Caledonian amongst the travelling public.

During April 1988, British Airtours adopted the popular Caledonian Airways brand when the newly privatised British Airways had completed the takeover of its former Gatwick- based rival British Caledonian. As an additional measure to signify the change, the airline also adopted a modified Caledonian livery which had been adapted from the contemporary, Landor Associates-designed British Airways livery."The lion stays, Air Transport." Flight International, 12 March 1988. p. 5.

Harviestoun Brewery was founded in 1983 by Ken Brooker in a 200-year-old stone barn on a farm, near Tillicoultry and Dollar in Clackmannanshire. In 2004 the brewery moved to Alva Industrial Estate in nearby Alva. Harviestoun was bought by Caledonian Brewery in 2006. Following the takeover of Caledonian by Scottish & Newcastle in 2008, Harviestoun became independent again - it was bought by a group of Caledonian Brewery directors.

The 1987–1988 Highland Football League was won by Caledonian. Nairn County finished bottom.

On 17 June 2016, Mulraney joined Inverness Caledonian Thistle on a two-year deal.

Guy Elmour (born ?, died 5 June 2012) is a New Caledonian professional football manager.

Caledonian, Dunmore, Grasshoppers, and 17th Renfrew RV received a bye to the second round.

The New Caledonian Football Federation () is the governing body of football in New Caledonia.

Malpas returned to Inverness Caledonian Thistle in April 2017, working for manager Richie Foran.

The Banavie Swing Bridge carries the A830 road across the Caledonian Canal at Banavie.

Peay is also a Trustee Director of the Royal Caledonian Educational Trust in Scotland.

On 1 August 1909 the L&DR; was absorbed by the Caledonian Railway. As the Dumbarton and Balloch Joint Railway had been owned and managed in equal shares by the Caledonian, the L&DR; and the NBR, the Caledonian now had a two-thirds share in the line and the steamers. From 1923 the main line railways of Great Britain were "grouped" following the Railways Act 1921. The Caledonian Railway was a constituent of the new London Midland and Scottish Railway and the North British Railway was a constituent of the new London and North Eastern Railway.

The Scottish North Eastern Railway had been formed by the amalgamation of two smaller companies in 1856. It had long been in a "loose association" with the Caledonian Railway, and on 10 August 1866 it was itself absorbed into the Caledonian. The Caledonian now controlled lines from Carlisle to Aberdeen. While this appeared to be the outcome it had long desired, it came at a heavy price: Parliament was becoming uncomfortable with the monopoly power of large railway concerns, and granted the North British Railway running powers over much of the northern part of the Caledonian system.

Peter Marshall, Peebles Railways, Oakwood Press, Usk, 2005, The North British Railway was alarmed by the proposal, and prepared a blocking railway, the Leadburn, Linton and Dolphinton Railway (LL&DR;), and opposed the Caledonian Bill. At this period the NBR practice was to encourage and support local, nominally independent railway companies, intending to take them over in later years when their profitability had become established.John Thomas, The North British Railway, volume 1, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1969, In February 1862 the Caledonian Railway met with the LL&DR; proprietors and invited them to sever all connection with the NBR; if they did the Caledonian would build a new cross-country line from Carstairs, through Dolphinton, to Leadburn: the Caledonian and Peebles Junction line would save the Dolphinton group the trouble of building their own line. The LL&DR; refused, and the Caledonian turned hostile; they warned the LL&DR; that they had become entangled with a hostile party who had for years been obstructing the Caledonian traffic.

John Lambie became Locomotive Superintendent of the Caledonian Railway on 1 April 1891. He came from a railway background as his father had been Traffic Manager of the Wishaw and Coltness Railway until it was absorbed by the Caledonian Railway in 1848.

Now differences opened up between the Caledonian and the E&GR; on the issue, with the outcome that the SCR was informed that the lease would not be taken up. However the Caledonian concluded a working agreement with the SCR, effective from 1849.

Caledonian reached Madras on 4 February 1802 and arrived at Calcutta on 5 March. Homeward bound, she was at Saugor on 21 September, reached St Helena on 19 December, and arrived at Long Reach on 8 March 1803.British Library: Caledonian (2).

All these rocks were transformed by metamorphism and folded during two orogenies (Caledonian, then Variscan).

Fulgini was born in Ivory Coast to an Italian father, and a New Caledonian mother.

Euryxanthops latifrons is a species of crab found in the New Caledonian Exclusive Economic Zone.

Caledonian Sticks (Fancy Crooks and Cromachs) "Tangle", or sea tangle, is oarweed or similar seaweed.

The area contains fragments of the ancient Caledonian pinewood, along with areas of native birchwood.

Bassendean Caledonian Soccer Football Club is an association football team based in Bassendean, Western Australia.

Caledonian Rangers, Cambuslang Hibernian, Cowdenbeath, Dykehead and Moffat received a bye to the second round.

DC-10-30 British Airtours, the erstwhile wholly owned charter subsidiary of British Airways, adopted the popular Caledonian Airways brand in April 1988 when the newly privatised British Airways had completed the takeover of its former Gatwick-based rival British Caledonian. It also adopted a modified British Caledonian livery adapted from the contemporary, Landor Associates designed British Airways livery. The newly renamed Caledonian Airways moved its Gatwick operation from the airport's South Terminal into the then brand-new North Terminal, thereby concentrating most of the British Airways group's Gatwick services in the new terminal. Caledonian Airways began replacing its Boeing 737 narrowbodies with additional ex-British Airways L-1011 Tristar widebodies and a number of brand-new Boeing 757s sourced from the large 757 orders placed by its parent company.

St Mirren in May 2008 at the Caledonian Stadium. A change in SPL rules during the 2004–05 season reduced the stadium seating requirement to 6,000 seats for SPL membership. The Caledonian Stadium was rendered a valid SPL venue after a rapid ground expansion, with two new stands added. The stadium was renamed as the Tulloch Caledonian Stadium in honour of the local building firm that completed the work in only 47 working days.

Novair International Airways was formed on 7 December 1988 following the sole acquisition of Cal Air International by the Rank Organisation. Perhaps the main reason for this new name was the acquisition of British Caledonian by their main competitor British Airways. BA’s aim was to form a new charter subsidiary under the name of Caledonian Airways (1988). Concerns were raised between the names ‘Caledonian Airways’ and ‘Cal Air’ (essentially an abbreviation of the competition!).

Queens Moat Houses sold the Caledonian to Hilton International in March 2000 for £44.2m and it was renamed the Caledonian Hilton Edinburgh. A £24 million refurbishment in 2011 put the hotel within the luxury flagship Waldorf Astoria brand and it was renamed Waldorf Astoria Edinburgh - The Caledonian. By the time of the refurbishment the hotel had 241 rooms. The refurbishment plans included the addition and improvement of the public spaces, rooms, spa and restaurant.

British Caledonian Airways, Ltd. (BR) At the same time, the airline disposed of some of its 707s, VC10s and One-Eleven 200s. These included the original pair of 399C series 707 aircraft that had been delivered to Caledonian Airways direct from the manufacturer in 1967/68. BCal inaugurated its two transatlantic flagship services from London Gatwick to John F. Kennedy Airport (JFK) on 1 April 1973,Caledonian Western, Flight International, 12 April 1973, p.

The new North Caledonian Cup, introduced after the original had been sent to Hampden Park for safekeeping. The North Caledonian Cup, originally known as the North of Scotland Junior Cup and later the North of Scotland 2nd XI Cup is an annual senior association football cup for competition between football clubs across the Highlands & Islands of Scotland. The cup is a registered Scottish FA competition which runs under the auspices of the North Caledonian FA.

The Caledonian Railway 956 Class were 3-cylinder 4-6-0 steam locomotives that were used on the Caledonian Railway from 1921. They were built to the design of William Pickersgill. At the time they were the largest design operated by a Scottish railway.

However, the SNER and the SCR were not to last long: they sold their lines to the Caledonian Railway, the SNER doing so in 1866, and the D&AR; line went with it. Now the Caledonian Railway controlled the network north and east of Perth.

They remained as part of the West Coast Joint Stock until the summer of 1905 when they were allocated between the London and North Western Railway and the Caledonian Railway. The Caledonian took two of the diners, and renumbered one of them No. 41.

Clubiona subsultans has a Palearctic distribution. In Europe it is found in northern and central Europe. In Great Britain this species is confined to relict patches of Caledonian Forest in north-central Scotland, giving rise to the species common name of Caledonian sac spider.

The 2019–20 Inverness Caledonian Thistle season will be the club's 26th Season in Scottish football.

High Risk: The Politics of the Air, pp. 168, 170Aeroplane (Commercial ... One-Elevens for Caledonian), Vol.

Only a few parasites have been recorded for the New Caledonian sea krait, including camallanid nematodes.

Yuanga (Yuaga), or Nua, is a New Caledonian language spoken in the north of the island.

Caledonian Brewery is a Scottish brewery founded in 1869 in the Shandon area of Edinburgh, Scotland.

Caledonian: GK J.Thompson, DF G.Gloak, J.Brown, MF W.Barr, R.McDonald, W.Stalker, FW R.McWilliams, T.Hendry, J.McCormack, J.Williamson, R.Barr.

The Banavie Railway Swing Bridge carries the West Highland Line across the Caledonian Canal at Banavie.

Joerisse Cexome (born 19 January 1990) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays for AS Lössi.

Kevin Nemia (born 31 July 1989) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays for AS Magenta.

The Caledonian was known to be interested in getting its own railway access to the Lothian coalfields, an area that the North British considered belonged to themselves. At the same time the North British harboured hopes of penetrating as far as Coatbridge with a new line of its own. In fact in 1858 the Caledonian published a planned railway from Carstairs, on its main line, to Leadburn through Dolphinton; Leadburn would give it access to the Peebles Railway, which in turn would incorporate the productive coalfields south of Edinburgh. In making its intention plain, the Caledonian called this proposal the Caledonian and Peebles Junction Railway.

Hamilton Academical prospering with frugal ethos Inverness Caledonian Thistle Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. played at the Caledonian Stadium since 1996, following their move from Telford Street Park on the opposite side of Inverness at which they had played since their founding in 1994. In 2004, the club were temporarily relocated over 100 miles away to Pittodrie Stadium, Aberdeen, so that the Caledonian Stadium could be renovated to the 10,000 (later reduced to 6,000) seated capacity required to join the Scottish Premier League. The renovation was completed in a mere 47 days, and the club marked their return to Inverness with a 2–0 win over Dunfermline Athletic.

Charlie Christie (born 30 March 1966) is a Scottish professional football player and coach who played as a striker and latterly as a midfielder. He played for Inverness Caledonian Thistle throughout the club's first ten years of existence (1994–2004), making over 250 appearances, and later managed the club from January 2006 until August 2007. He also played in the Scottish Highland Football League for Caledonian and Inverness Thistle before those clubs merged to become Caledonian Thistle, and was a reserve player at Celtic. Charlie is the father of Ryan, who also played for Inverness Caledonian Thistle, and is currently playing for Celtic and Scotland.

The Caledonian Railway opened a line for freight from Douglas, South Lanarkshire to make an end-on connection slightly to the east of the station on 1 January 1873. The line was opened to passengers on 1 June 1874 when the station became a through station shared by both companies with the Caledonian Railway having running powers from Muirkirk Junction. The delay in opening the Caledonian line to passengers may have been because the station facilities were inadequate, the Caledonian Railway noted this failing in September 1873, this may have been when the station was rebuilt. It was definitely rebuilt sometime before being re-sited in 1896.

The route into Glasgow traced a broad northward sweep from Motherwell by way of Gartsherrie and Garnkirk, to a cramped and inconveniently located terminal at Townhead in Glasgow. The Caledonian now realised that the Clydesdale Junction line would give them an alternative, possibly superior, route to the City. In a quick submission, the Caledonian obtained Parliamentary authorisation to acquire the Clydesdale Junction and the Polloc and Govan by Act of 18 August 1845. The Clydesdale Junction Railway purchased the Polloc and Govan Railway in August 1846; the owner, William Dixon, received 2,400 Caledonian Railway shares in payment, suggesting that the Clydesdale was already in thrall to the Caledonian.

The lease charge was 45% of gross receipts. The SNER was itself taken over by the Caledonian Railway in 1866 and the lease transferred to the Caledonian. The population of Alyth had been 3,422 in 1861 but this declined to 2,837 by 1921 and did not recover.

A locomotive operated by Caledonian Sleeper, a train operator that offers sleeper trains from London Euston to Scotland. The locomotive is the only Class 67 locomotive to be operated by Caledonian Sleeper. The locomotive is the subject of a Hornby model with TTS Sound, in 00 Gauge.

232, 224/5 In its fight to win control of BUA, Caledonian had launched a parallel campaign to gain the support of BUA's unions for its proposed merger. As part of this campaign, it had coined the slogans "Better off at Caledonian" and "Better under Adam".

The junction with the main line, named Cleghorn Junction, was aligned for through running from Glasgow to Lanark. The branch was a single line. The Lanark Branch Railway was purchased by the Caledonian Railway on 23 July 1860 and became an integral part of the Caledonian system.

MV Canna was the seventh of eight Island Class ferry built for Caledonian MacBrayne. In November 2000, she was re-engined at Timbacraft, Shandon. In May 2009, MV Canna became the first CMAL (Caledonian Maritime Assets Ltd) ship to receive its Inventory of Hazardous Materials (Green Passport).

The 2019–20 North Caledonian Football League (known for sponsorship reasons as the Macleod & MacCallum North Caledonian League) is the 111th season of the North Caledonian Football League. The season began on 7 September 2019. Golspie Sutherland are the defending champions. Alness United entered a period of abeyance and therefore will not play in the league from this season onwards though the number of entrants remained at nine as Bonar Bridge were reformed for the start of the season.

After 1918 a steep decline set in, with changes in the structure of the industry and increasing difficulty in mining haematite. One consequence of this was the closure of the Solway Viaduct by the Caledonian Railway which had taken over the Solway Junction Railway; from May 1922 the Maryport and Carlisle Railway worked trains (Abbey Junction to Brayton) on the Caledonian line south of the Solway which was now isolated from the rest of the Caledonian system .

The last sailing from the old Brodick pier was the 0820 to Ardrossan on Tuesday 20 March 2018. Caledonian Isles started operating from the new Brodick ferry terminal later that day. The new terminal has two ferry berths: the west side berth and the east side berth. MV Caledonian Isles docked at Brodick in August 2019 On 16 March 2019 Caledonian Isles rammed the pier at Brodick after her bow thrusters failed, causing significant damage to her bow visor.

Its main line was to run between Edinburgh, Glasgow and Carlisle. The Caledonian policy was to capture as much territory in Scotland as possible: they foresaw a "Caledonian system" controlled by themselves. At this period it was expected that a district could only support one railway line, so that the first to serve an area would secure a near-monopoly. Even before authorisation the Caledonian made provisional agreements with the promoters of other lines to lease their railways.

For some time the alliance between the Caledonian Railway and the GP&GR; was strong, and in 1847 the Caledonian obtained Parliamentary authority to absorb the Greenock line. This proved to be more contentious than it had appeared: the terms of share transfer were difficult as the GP&GR; held out for guaranteed income, and as the Caledonian considered the financial situation of the Greenock company, it became alarmed at apparent financial impropriety in the company. The Caledonian's own finances were not strong, and the alarm increased with time, and on 6 May 1850 the Caledonian board decided to try to repeal the Act of amalgamation. In fact this was not proceeded with, and in time the Caledonian relented, and on 26 May 1851 an amalgamation agreement was signed; it was enacted by Parliament on 7 August 1851.

By now the Clydesdale line was an intrinsic part of the Caledonian Railway, but the Clydesdale Junction Railway Company continued to exist, expecting to receive its guaranteed 6%. In fact the Caledonian had significantly over- reached itself financially, in desperation to acquire or lease numerous railways under construction so as to secure territory against competitors. For some time it had been failing to make the payments that were due, and there were suggestions of major financial irregularity within the Caledonian. In 1851 the Clydesdale company in concert with other concerns in the same position; the Caledonian attempted to stall by objecting that they should not have to pay out for railways that gave them inadequate income, but this was an obvious distortion of the legal position, and in May the Caledonian had to agree to pay £20,000 in arrears to the Clydesdale.

The Portpatrick Railway had opened between Castle Douglas and Portpatrick in 1861–1862 and the Caledonian Railway worked that railway; it obtained running powers over the G&SWR; between Dumfries and Castle Douglas, and at a stroke the Caledonian had penetrated deep into the south- west, and to the ferry service to the north of Ireland, territory that the G&SWR; had assumed was its own. The Portpatrick Railway later reformed with the Wigtownshire Railway as the Portpatrick and Wigtownshire Joint Railway; the Caledonian was a one-quarter owner.C E J Fryer, The Portpatrick and Wigtownshire Railways, Oakwood Press, Usk, 1991, David L Smith, The Little Railways of South West Scotland, David and Charles, Newton Abbot, 1969, The North British Railway opened the branch line to Dolphinton, east of Carstairs, and the Caledonian feared that the next step would be an incursion by the NBR into Caledonian territory, possibly seeking running powers on the main line. To head this off, the Caledonian built its own Dolphinton branch from Carstairs; it opened in 1867.

The Caledonian Railway started operating passenger trains from the east from June 1874; they ran until 1964.

The improvement works on the line between 1898 and 1907 cost the Caledonian Railway more than £267,000.

His brother is the footballer Jean-Patrick Wakanumuné, who plays for the New Caledonian club Gaïtcha FCN.

Charles Tamboueon (6 December 1939 – 18 March 2013) was a New Caledonian professional football player and manager.

From 2007 to 2011, Mobarik was a Member of the Business Advisory Forum of Glasgow Caledonian University.

Clubiona subsultans, the Caledonian sac spider, is a spider from the family Clubionidae with a Palearctic distribution.

Competing as Glasgow Warriors unless stated. Competing as ᵜ Glasgow Rugby. Competing as ᵝ Glasgow Caledonian Reds.

Jean-Brice Wadriako (born 15 February 1993) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays for AS Magenta.

Caledonian Football Club was formed in 1885. They were founder members of the Highland Football League in 1893 and wore strips of blue shirts, white shorts and blue socks. Their home ground was Telford Street Park, located beside the Caledonian Canal, and they were known by the nickname Caley.

The Royal Caledonian Ball is a ball held annually in London for the benefit of Scottish charities. With few exceptions, the Royal Caledonian Ball has been held annually since 1849, and is the oldest charity ball in the world. It is considered the highlight of the London season.

Mniarogekko chahoua commonly known as the mossy New Caledonian gecko, short- snouted New Caledonian gecko, Bavay's giant gecko, or mossy prehensile-tailed gecko, is an arboreal gecko found natively on the southern portion of the island of New Caledonia and on the outlying islands of Île des Pins.

Written New Caledonian literature (as distinct from oral literature) is very recent. The New Caledonian Writers Association is an important advocacy group for literary activity in the islands.Association des écrivains de la Nouvelle- Calédonie The Oceanian International Book Fair (, acronym SILO) has been a relevant meeting point since 2003.

A Thames Clipper passing New Caledonian Wharf New Caledonian Wharf is a luxury gated community in the Rotherhithe area of London on the River Thames. The site was originally part of the Surrey Docks and known as Redriff Wharf, and served as a commercial wharf until the 1970s.

The building was opened in December 1875 under the name of the "Caledonian Skating & Curling Rink". The Caledonian Society was a club which celebrated Scottish games, had excursions and celebrated Robert Burns Day. It was an outdoor facility. In 1885, a permanent structure was built to enclose the rink.

McKerrow et al. (2002) Current understanding has it that the Caledonian orogeny encompasses a number of tectonic phases that can laterally be diachronous. The name "Caledonian" can therefore not be used for an absolute period of geological time, it applies only to a series of tectonically related events.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle Football Club, commonly known as Caley Thistle, is a professional football club based in Inverness, Scotland. The team currently competes in the Scottish Championship, the second tier of the Scottish Professional Football League, and hosts home games at Caledonian Stadium. Inverness Caledonian Thistle won the Scottish Cup in 2015 and was runner-up in the Scottish League Cup a year earlier. They have also won the Scottish Challenge Cup twice and the Scottish Football League First Division twice.

The Caledonian used a headboard of the 'Royal Scot' pattern, which had been introduced with the Royal Scot of 1950. These were large headboards, five feet wide rather than the usual three, and with a large round-ended oblong panel carrying the name, surmounted by a crest. For the Caledonian, this was the paired shields of St Andrew and St George, representing Scotland and England. This basic design was used throughout the life of the Caledonian, although there were detail variations.

Glasgow was reached over the Glasgow, Garnkirk and Coatbridge Railway (successor to the Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway), and the Wishaw and Coltness Railway, which the Caledonian had leased from 1 January 1847 and 1 January 1846 respectively. The Glasgow station was the Townhead terminus of the Glasgow, Garnkirk and Coatbridge Railway. During the process of seeking Parliamentary authorisation, the Caledonian observed that the Clydesdale Junction Railway was being promoted. The Caledonian acquired that line during its construction, and it opened in 1849.

In 2004, the brewery site and production facilities were bought by Scottish & Newcastle (S&N;), following their closure of the McEwan's Brewery in Fountainbridge, Edinburgh. Production of McEwan's ales has been transferred to the Caledonian Brewery.Further fears after brewery cuts BBC News, 18 February 2004 At the same time, a new Caledonian Brewing Company (CBC) was formed by several former shareholders and directors of the pre-2004 business. CBC owns the Caledonian brands and operates the brewery site on behalf of the owners.

In February 2012, Caledonian Isles was in dry-dock to repair damage sustained in a collision with Winton Pier, Ardrossan. She was relieved by Isle of Arran which was often diverted to Wemyss Bay and Gourock. In February 2014, once again relieved Caledonian Isles after she broke down. In April 2015, had problems with her prop shaft which delayed the introduction of her additional Arran summer sailings, leaving Caledonian Isles to carry all the traffic and run additional sailings at night.

It was during the Silurian and Devonian periods that the Caledonian nappes were stacked upon the older rocks and upon themselves. This occurred in connection to the closure of the Iapetus Ocean as the ancient continents of Laurentia and Baltica collided. This collision produced a Himalayas-sized mountain range named the Caledonian Mountains roughly over the same area as the present-day Scandinavian Mountains. The Caledonian Mountains began a post- orogenic collapse in the Devonian, implying tectonic extension and subsidence.

AS Poya is a New Caledonian football team playing at the top level. It is based in Poya.

One amateur league is a member of the SFA instead of the SAFA – the North Caledonian Football League.

Deas left Celtic after the 2019/20 season and signed a three-year contract with Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

Names such as Spring Hill Street, Caledonian Street, Wolfram Court and Zapopan Court being but a few examples.

Trains also connect along the Ayrshire Coast Line to Ardrossan Harbour for the Caledonian MacBrayne service to Brodick.

Port Glasgow Curling Club was formed in 1827 and admitted to the Royal Caledonian Curling Club in 1840.

Richard Sele (born 31 August 1989) is a New Caledonian professional football player who plays for AS Magenta.

USA - Details of International Matches 1885-1969 At the time of the Olympics, he played for Caledonian F.C.

Trains also connect along the Ayrshire Coast Line to Ardrossan Harbour for the Caledonian MacBrayne service to Brodick.

A Caledonian MacBrayne ferry, , made an unscheduled sailing to return them to the Scottish mainland later that evening.

In addition, the Caledonian Sleeper service makes an overnight journey to/from London Euston six days a week.

He served as historian to the Royal Caledonian Curling Club. He died in Haddington on 8 December 1920.

Despite occurring in about the same area, the ancient Caledonian Mountains and the modern Scandinavian Mountains are unrelated.

Both the station and the hotel were built in red sandstone in common with most Caledonian Railway buildings.

The Caledonian Railway main line in 1849A prospectus for the Caledonian Railway, capital £1,500,000, was issued on 12 April 1845. Six weeks were spent in committee in Parliament, and the efforts were crowned with success: An Act for making a Railway from Carlisle to Edinburgh and Glasgow and the North of Scotland, to be called The Caledonian Railway was passed on 31 July 1845. The share capital was to be £1,800,000. The Caledonian had anticipated that the Scottish Central would work with it in acquiring and upgrading the relevant coal railways, but the SCR now declined those opportunities, and announced on 25 September 1845 that it was planning to merge with the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway.

Peter Marshall, The Scottish Central Railway: Perth to Stirling, Oakwood Press, Usk, 1998, A meeting took place on 24 February 1844 to move the matter forward and a prospectus was issued in the following month. By April 1844 there were references to the Central Railway, and E&GR; agreement to making a connection was reported; the Caledonian Railway too was becoming a reality, as the prime connection between central Scotland and the English network, and connection to the Caledonian would give that added access. The Caledonian saw the synergy of a linkage with the Scottish Central and proposed an alliance, offering to pay certain Parliamentary and other expenses. The Caledonian policy was aggressive expansion (even though it had not yet obtained authorisation for its first line); the price was that the Scottish Central would permanently ally with the Caledonian and give the Caley primacy as far north as Stirling.

The North British Railway (NBR), a deadly rival to the Caledonian, had by now made a line to Perth and it was possible that the NBR might be induced to support a line through Crieff and Comrie towards the West Highland coast. The threat of this penetration by the NBR might induce the Caledonian to comply with the committee's wish to get their railway; and if not, maybe the NBR would indeed build their own line. The committee called on the Caledonian chairman, but they had not brought any prepared costs with them, nor any indication of likely local financial support, and they were received coldly. A letter was later sent to the Caledonian formalising the proposal, but this was rebuffed, with the Caledonian merely saying (in a letter of 7 March 1888) that they were prepared to work the line if it was built.

In response to a May 1867 advertisement in The Scottish- American Journal, 33 delegates from seven clubs from across the U.S. met on June 26, 1867 in the Caledonian Club rooms in New York City. The seven original clubs were: # Caledonian Club (New York, New York) # New York Club (New York, New York) # Thistle Club (New York, New York) # St. Andrew's Club (New York, New York) # Patterson Club (Patterson, New Jersey) # Caledonian Club (Buffalo, New York) # Burns Club (Cleveland, Ohio) Rather than join the Royal Caledonian Curling Club in Scotland, the delegates decided to form a national organization. On a motion by Mr. James Brand, Caledonian, New York, the new club was called the "Grand National Curling Club of America" and became the first national curling organization in America. Within a few months, additional clubs joined the GNCC from Michigan, Illinois, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania.

The Hamilton and Strathaven Railway was a historic railway in Scotland. It ran from a junction with the Hamilton Branch of the Caledonian Railway to a terminus at Strathaven. The railway was worked from the start by the Caledonian Railway, who absorbed the railway company in 1864.Awdry (1990), P 79.

The Caledonian run became more of a national level competition in its stint in Balmoral as the 5-mile race. The race in Balmoral was voted as the nation's most scenic run by Runner's World magazine in 2004.Bupa Great Caledonian is voted most scenic run. Bupa (2004-01-28).

Transatlantic service – Caledonian Airways, Woodley, C., The History Press, Stroud, 2016, p. 147 Caledonian grew rapidly over the coming years to become the leading transatlantic "affinity group" charter operator by the end of the decade. During that period, passenger numbers grew from just 8,000 in 1961 to 800,000 in 1970.

The New Caledonian cuckooshrike or New Caledonian cicadabird (Edolisoma anale) is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is endemic to New Caledonia. Some taxonomists place this species in the genus Analisoma. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.

The most abundant and widespread stingaree in the New Caledonian region, the New Caledonian stingaree is found around New Caledonia itself as well as off the Chesterfield Islands to the northwest and the northern portion of the Norfolk Ridge to the southeast. This benthic species has been recorded from depths of .

Schematic diagram of the paleogeographic evolution of Avalonia, Baltica and Laurentia. (Names in German.) Location of the Caledonian/Acadian mountain chains in the Early Devonian Epoch. Present day coastlines are shown for reference. Red lines are sutures, capitalized names are the different continents/super-terranes that joined during the Caledonian orogeny.

Daniel MacKay (born 19 April 2001) is a Scottish footballer. He plays as a winger for Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

AS Témala Ouélisse is a New Caledonian football team playing at the top level. It is based in Témala.

Paraxanthodes cumatodes is a species of crab found in the Red Sea and the New Caledonian Exclusive Economic Zone.

Andrew and Nancy Neil were awarded the Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother Medal by the Royal Caledonian Horticultural Society.

The New Caledonian genera have distinctive leaf anatomy and may share a common ancestor (Uhl and Dransfield 1987:367).

Caledonian was an early steam locomotive which had a short career on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR;).

Emile Ounei (born 30 January 1996), is a New Caledonian international footballer who plays as a forward for Magenta.

Locations on the Caledonian Railway routes down to the end of 1850. Locations in italic were not passenger stations.

Rubidium - Strontium dating of metamorphic micas has indicated a Caledonian (Early Devonian) cooling age of 401 ± 11 million years.

The New Caledonian lorikeet (Charmosyna diadema) is a potentially extinct lorikeet endemic to the Melanesian island of New Caledonia.

James B. Lynas (4 November 1942) was a Scottish footballer who played for Dumbarton, Ross County and Inverness Caledonian.

Near the northern end of the road was the Metropolitan Cattle Market; now the Market Estate and Caledonian Park.

Dierogekko inexpectatus also known as Key New Caledonian Gecko is a gecko endemic to Grande Terre in New Caledonia.

The Heatherbank Museum of Social Work is part of the Glasgow Caledonian University in Scotland, and is believed to be the only museum dedicated to social work.Glasgow Caledonian University - Heatherbank Museum of Social Work Founded in Milngavie in 1975, the museum has since 2004 been subsumed into the Glasgow Caledonian University and is part of the university's research collection. The material in the collection contains documents relating to Poor houses and the poor law and also holds the archive of the Association of Directors of Social Work.

John Wilson, Professor of Public Policy and Management at Glasgow Caledonian University, and the Executive Dean and Pro Vice-Chancellor of the Glasgow School for Business and Society (since 2011). Professor Wilson has edited/co- edited four books and published extensively on the provision and management of public services, particularly local government. His research focuses in particular on the economics and politics of public service provision, particularly local government.Professor John Wilson , Glasgow Caledonian UniversityJohn Wilson joins Glasgow Caledonian as Executive Dean and Pro-Vice- Chancellor, salford.ac.

On 7 July 2015, Roberts joined Scottish side Inverness Caledonian Thistle. On 16 July 2015, Roberts made his Inverness Caledonian Thistle debut in a UEFA Europa League qualifier tie against Astra Giurgiu, in which he played nine minutes in their 1–0 defeat. On 30 April 2016, Roberts scored his first Inverness Caledonian Thistle goal in a 4–1 victory over Partick Thistle, netting in the 85th minute. Roberts went on to score another goal a week later in a 3–2 defeat against Dundee United.

At this time the Caledonian Railway wished to extend to Lochearnhead to join the former Callander and Oban Railway line. Moreover, it was concerned that the rival North British Railway would build such a line, abstracting much of its traffic in the area. When the Comrie company opened discussions with the Caledonian about selling their line, they found that the Caledonian was willing. In fact its offer was remarkably generous: they would repay the share capital in full, pay off the mortgage loan, and settle MacKay's claim.

The Caledonian Railway found that its service to Greenock Central station, which was an inconvenient walk away from the quay, was losing Clyde steamer trade to the new Glasgow and South Western Railway terminal at Prince's Pier in Greenock. So the Caledonian extended its line through a new tunnel to the small fishing village of Gourock. The railway ran on the seaward side of Shore Street to the terminal, which opened on 1 June 1889. The headquarters of the Caledonian steamer fleet was subsequently based there.

Moreover, the Glasgow terminal was a wooden shed at Townhead, a considerable distance from the city centre, located on a toll road on the north east margin. The Caledonian set about building an extension to a new terminal station at Buchanan Street, which opened in 1849. At the same time as the Parliamentary Bill for the Caledonian Railway was being considered in Parliament, the Bill for another line, the Clydesdale Junction Railway was also being heard. The Caledonian promptly leased the line (before it was constructed).

The connection in Glasgow was to be with the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway (E&GR;) near Cowlairs, broadly following the present-day Westerton route. In 1846 the line obtained an authorising Act of Parliament; it was to be called the Caledonian and Dumbartonshire Junction Railway (C&DJR;).The use of "Caledonian" in the title appears to have referred to Scotland rather than the trunk railway. The Caledonian expressed interest in the line and offered to lease the line on its completion, and subscribed to some shares.

Pentonville Prison was built in 1842 immediately to the south of the asylum. Cattle drovers passed along the road on their way to Smithfield until 1852 when the City of London Corporation transferred the Metropolitan Cattle Market to the Caledonian Market. In the mid 20th century, many communities were attracted to Caledonian Road by its relatively low property prices. An Irish community grew there; and in 1955, a cache of weapons belonging to the Irish Republican Army was discovered in the cellar of No. 257 Caledonian Road.

Caledonian Road Methodist Church The road has a number of architecturally important or interesting buildings. Its listed buildings, include an Italianate Methodist Chapel built in 1870; the Caledonian Estate, an early Edwardian flatted estate; Pentonville Prison; and the Flying Scotsman, a 1901 public house and offices. Caledonian Road Underground station is also Grade II listed. University College London's controversial New Hall building attracted negative responses from some architectural critics on its completion for its purported failure to accommodate its Victorian facade with the building behind.

The Caledonian Asylum was launched by members of the Highland Society of London in 1815 to provide a home and education for Scottish children in London who had been orphaned in the Napoleonic Wars. John Galt, the novelist, became secretary to the Asylum in 1815. The first Asylum was at 16 Cross Street, Hatton Garden, London from December 1819 until 1828 when it relocated to Copenhagen Fields, Islington. Its long residence in Islington resulted in the naming of Caledonian Market and the Caledonian Road.

The Caledonian Railway relations with the Edinburgh and Glasgow were somewhat stormy, and lurched from friendly to hostile. The lease of the SMJR required Parliamentary authorisation, and a joint Bill was prepared for the 1849 session. However, in February 1849 it became clear that any alliance between the Caledonian and the E&GR; was impossible and the Caledonian declined to proceed with the Bill, and the lease. In 1854 the SCR was still independent, and was negotiating with the SMJR for an amalgamation of the two companies.

From 1869 the Caledonian was considering extending its line to Gourock, but opposition frustrated these wishes, and in the meantime Wemyss Bay was an attractive route. (The Caledonian opened an extension to Gourock in 1889.) The Greenock and Wemyss Bay Railway was able to pay its first dividend, a remarkable 5½%, in 1878.

Ligeard was born Cynthia Parage in Nouméa, New Caledonia, on June 15, 1962. She is a caldoche, or New Caledonian of French descent. The 2014 New Caledonian legislative election were held on May 11, 2014. Cynthia Ligeard was elected President of the Government of New Caledonia by Congress on June 5, 2014.

The track gauge originally chosen was now a limitation and it altered its gauge to the standard of . When the Caledonian Railway advanced on Glasgow, the Glasgow, Garnkirk and Coatbridge provided a ready-made access route, and the Caledonian company purchased the Garnkirk line. Most of its original route remains open today.

McCarthy appeared in the top 25 of Drapers' Top 100 most influential people in fashion retailing since it began in 2002. In June 2015 he received the Lifetime Achievement Award at the Drapers Footwear Awards. In November 2010 McCarthy was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by Glasgow Caledonian University."Honorary Graduates", Glasgow Caledonian University.

The 2017–18 North Caledonian Football League was the 109th season of the North Caledonian Football League. The season began on 2 September 2017 and ended on 21 April 2018. Invergordon were the defending champions. Bunillidh Thistle returned to the league following an eight-year absence, increasing the league membership to nine teams.

Joseph Tchako (born 30 March 1993) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a defender for AS Tiga Sports.

Thio Sport is a New Caledonian football team playing at the New Caledonia Division Honneur. It is based in Thio.

Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:Chairmen and investors of football clubs in Scotland Category:Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C.

Geordy Gony (born 15 May 1994), is a New Caledonian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Hienghène Sport.

In 1803, Caledonian turned to sailing to the West Indies or North Atlantic. She accidentally burned on 29 May 1804.

It then flew with other airlines such as Aer Lingus, EI AI and British Caledonian before being sold to Transbrasil.

Phyllida Law receives the honorary doctorate from the hands of Muhammad Yunus, chancellor of Glasgow Caledonian University (July 4th 2013).

The stylised dagger design of the Kilt Pin made by Islay Spalding for MacKenzie Caledonian Pipe Band in Dundee, Scotland.

Bob McDonald (25 February 1895 – 1971) was a professional footballer who played for Inverness Caledonian, Tottenham Hotspur and Clapton Orient.

Stéphane Tein-Padom (born 8 June 1994) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a forward for FC Balagne.

Bradystichus is a genus of New Caledonian nursery web spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1884.

The Caledonian-Record, a daily newspaper, has been published since 1837. Farming, the Journal of Northeast Agriculture is published locally.

Roddy MacGregor (born 21 December 2001) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays for Inverness Caledonian Thistle, as a midfielder.

Ductile thrusts that were active during the Ordovician-Silurian Caledonian orogeny divide the Moine into a scries of major nappes.

By 1865, both the Edinburgh and Northern Railway and the Stirling and Dunfermline Railway had become part of the North British Railway, while the Scottish Central Railway had become a part of the rival Caledonian Railway. The Caledonian had a dense network of railways in central Scotland, and continually hoped to reach the east coast ports and the rich Fife coalfield. The North British Railway responded by promoting its own lines serving the areas thought to be of interest to the Caledonian, so as to be able to demonstrate to Parliament that they were adequately serving the districts. Kirkcaldy was known to be a Caledonian objective, and the North British obtained authorisation to build a line from near Alloa to Kilbagie and Kincardine.

The agreement came into force in June 1889, and subsequently supported by the Caledonian's private Act of 1890. This effectively ended the existence of the Solway Junction Railway as an independent entity, although it was not until 1895 that it was amalgamated with the Caledonian. The company, however, survived; SJR shares and stock held by the Caledonian were cancelled, and the rest were converted not into Caledonian securities, but into a new SJR security paying 3% a year, financed by an annual payment of £4,500 a year from the Caledonian. Grateful SJR shareholders voted the directors £100 each and the secretary £1000; that Christmas the chairman gave £70 of his £100 'for distribution among the men' (estimated to number about 50) .

Now the Caledonian Railway announced that it had concluded an agreement to lease the DPARJ at 8% of its capital cost. At this time the Caledonian was undergoing a crisis, as it had been making lease agreements with many different line; the lease agreements required no cash down, but represented a heavy ongoing drain on profits later, and shareholders were angered by the DPARJ and other leases. In February 1849 the Caledonian announced that it was not proceeding with the lease. The DPARJ demanded the lease payment for the period until then, but the Caledonian simply refused, saying it had never been acted upon, and in any case it had had no power to make the lease agreement: it was ultra vires.

John Gope-Fenepej (born 6 November 1978 in Nouméa, New Caledonia) is a New Caledonian former professional footballer, mainly playing in defence. He is the brother New Caledonian international footballer Georges Gope-Fenepej. Gope-Fenepej played for FC Nantes before briefly joining Bolton Wanderers on loan, under Sam Allardyce. He later moved to Créteil.

This decision was met with widespread opposition by supporters of both sides, especially by Caley fans who were confident their club could successfully bid on their own. However, an amalgamation went ahead. The new club, Caledonian Thistle (later Inverness Caledonian Thistle), were granted membership to the Third Division at the beginning of season 1994–95.

165–166 The northern parts of the belt are partly covered by Caledonian nappes but crop out in windows (e.g. Rombak, Nasafjället). In addition to this some Caledonian nappes are made up of Transscandinavian Igneous Belt rocks. Beneath the East European Platform the belt continues across the Baltic Sea to northeast Poland and Kaliningrad Oblast.

The quarter-final was contested by Ayr United and Inverness Caledonian Thistle, with Inverness Caledonian Thistle advancing to the semi-final where they lost to Dundee United. Dundee United faced St Mirren in the final, with the Saints securing the last place in the 2019–20 Premiership after victory in a penalty shoot- out.

Note the inbuilt boarding steps deployed. British Caledonian had begun replacing its One-Elevens with the new Airbus A320, when it was merged with British Airways in 1987 due to financial problems.Hill 1999, p. 147. In both Caledonian and British Airways service, the One-Elevens were a dominant type for the operator's European routes.

It arranged road cartage to and from Montrose. This seems to have motivated compromise in the Caledonian, and a reduced toll charge of £150 annually was agreed; trains resumed running to Montrose (Caledonian Railway) from 8 August 1866. The Bervie directors undertook to close the Broomfield station permanently, which they did from 1 February 1867.

The Caledonian Railway absorbed the company and continued the construction itself. The Caledonian's expansionist policy found Peebles an attractive destination, from which further incursions into the Borders might be launched, and the Caledonian agreed to subscribe £20,000 to the extension railway. Galashiels was considered as an objective, but that aspiration was shared by the NBR, which had reached Peebles in 1855 (through the medium of the Peebles Railway) which it worked. Much earlier Peebles had been an agreed frontier post between Caledonian and NBR expansion, but that agreement was long forgotten.

In 1980, Balintore F.C. became members of the North Caledonian Football League where they competed until their withdrawal at the end of the 2011-12 season. During their time as members of the league, they won the North Caledonian League championship on three occasions. Recreational football club Balintore Welfare F.C. has also represented the village as members of the Ross-shire Welfare League since 2000. In August 2017, Balintore registered their intent to re-enter the North Caledonian League for the 2018-2019 Season, however the proposal never came to fruition.

The Hamilton Caledonian Pipe Band was originally formed as the South Auckland Caledonian Society in 1925, from an earlier organisation established in 1917. On 12 June 1928, the Band was incorporated as the Hamilton Caledonian Society. Over the years, the Society has represented Scotland and its traditions through concerts, Inglesides, socials, choirs, marching teams, sports teams and its Pipe Band. One of the objects of the Society is to promote a greater appreciation of the pipes and to this end the Band have given great service to Hamilton and its surrounds.

The Caledonian Mercury was launched in 1720. Like its competitor The Edinburgh Evening Courant, The Caledonian Mercury, appeared three times a week, until 1867. It was less prestigious than the Courant, largely because it was sold by a politically- motivated bookseller and because its editors did not include recent news from elsewhere in Britain and Europe. In 1725, during the Scottish Malt Tax riots, rival political factions attempted to use newspapers like the Caledonian Mercury as their "mouthpieces", as a letter from Andrew Millar to Robert Wodrow illustrates.

The Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway opened its main line in 1842, intersecting the Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway. In 1845 there was a frenzy of railway promotion in Scotland, and the Caledonian Railway was authorised, to build a line between Edinburgh, Glasgow and Carlisle. To save the cost of building a new route into Glasgow, the Caledonian arranged to take over the Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway and the Wishaw and Coltness Railway, running its main line over them. This gave the Caledonian Railway a roundabout route from Coatbridge to Glasgow, opened in 1848.

The newly elected Assembly met for the first time on 26 April. Antoine Griscelli was elected as president of the legislature.New Caledonian Assembly In Fiery Session Pacific Islands Monthly, June 1962, p123 On 6 June 1962, the results in the South constituency were annulled.La composition Congress of New Caledonia A by-election was held on 4 November, in which the Caledonian Union won five seats (Luc Chevalier, Evenor de Greslan, Antoine Griscelli, Armand Ohlen and Rock Pidjot), Caledonian Rally three (Berge, Henri Lafleur and Claude Parazols) and the Entente two (Georges Chatenay and Thomas Hagen).

A gymnasium and lawn bowls club are all that remain of the former Caledonian Ground complex in South Dunedin. The venue is often referred to by Dunedinities as the New Caledonian Ground, an indication that the ground has not long been at its current site. Until 2000 the Caledonian Ground was located in the heart of South Dunedin, at the corner of Hillside Road and Andersons Bay Road, some five kilometres to the south. The ground's former site is now largely occupied by the car park of one of the city's main shopping centres.

Having achieved authorisation to build a long, and expensive main line, the Caledonian did not simply concentrate on completing the construction, but set about a complex set of negotiations designed to spread the area controlled by the company as far as possible. In most cases it did so by guaranteeing the dividend receivable by the other companies' existing shareholders. This simplified the process of gaining control, but committed the Caledonian to large and continuing periodical payments for the future. Parliament approved the acquisition of the CJR by the Caledonian Railway on 18 August 1845.

Two major orogenic events occurred in this era, the Caledonian Orogeny and the Variscan Orogeny, allowing a complex geologic history to begin. During the late Silurian and early Devonian the Caledonian Orogeny occurred with episodes of uplift and erosion leaving unconformities. The Caledonian event occurred due to the collision of three land masses – Laurentia, Baltica, and Avalonia – which would eventually lead to the creation of Pangea. This collision allowed for a mountain belt to form NW–SE in the northern portion of the current basin, and in the south extending SW–NE.

In the following year the SNER presented a modified Bill to Parliament; the Scottish North Eastern Railway (Dundee and Forfar) Act was passed on 14 July 1864. At this time the priorities of the SNER were on the negotiations for incorporation into the Caledonian Railway, and the Forfar line was not progressed. The Scottish Central Railway amalgamated with the Caledonian in July 1865, and the SNER amalgamated on 1 August 1866. The Caledonian Railway now controlled all the routes on the north side of the Tay and in Strathhmore.

There are currently over 23,000 citizens of Wallis and Futuna residing in New Caledonia, which makes them an important community. New Caledonian dignitaries included Marie- Claude Tjibaou, the current Chair of Agency for the Development of Kanak Culture. A number of pro-French New Caledonian political parties were also represented including the president of Future Together, Didier Leroux. Other New Caledonian political and traditional figures, such as the Chairman of South Province Philippe Gomès and the High Chief of Lifou Island, Evanes Boula, also attended Faupala's coronation on invitation.

These great companies were all authorised by Parliament in the middle years of the 1840s. The Caledonian Railway proposed the Caledonian Extension Railway in 1845, to run eastward from the Lanark area through Biggar and Stobo to Peebles, continuing through Galashiels to Kelso; this would have cost £1,500,000, the same as the Caledonian Railway itself from Edinburgh and Glasgow to Carlisle. However the proposal was rejected in Parliament. In 1845 too, the North British Railway suggested a Peebles branch from Galashiels on the line that it was then building, which became the Waverley Route.

Caledonian played at the eponymous Caledonian Park until the mid-1920s, when Telford Street Park was built. A fire destroyed the original stand in 1950, and a new one was built. A merger between the three Inverness clubs (Caledonian, Clachnacuddin and Thistle), who all played in the Highland Football League, had long been mooted. The proposal gained momentum in 1993, when the Scottish Football League (SFL) announced it would expand its membership by two clubs and would look more favourably on a joint Inverness bid than if each individual club applied.

At the same time, Caledonian had received an offer of £750,000 from Texas Homecare for Telford Street Park. The club wanted to replace their ground with a new all-seater stadium that would require government funding, but the authorities indicated their preference for a facility to be used by a merged club. Despite clear opposition from most of the supporters, the directors of Caledonian and Thistle pressed ahead with a merger proposal. The new club, which was initially called Caledonian Thistle, gained SFL membership in 1994 and played its home games at Telford Street Park.

From the outset the company was desperately short of money, and the earlier intention of building through to Carlisle had been abandoned. Now the route was to join the Caledonian Railway at Gretna, and Dumfries trains would run over the Caledonian line into Carlisle. Commitment to this from the hostile Caledonian had not been secured, and the GD&CR; position was weak in the extreme. The GD&CR; was also unable to build the northern section of its intended route, but that was taken up by another concern.

From 1865 the North British Railway and the Caledonian Railway expressed interest in acquiring the F&CJR.; Absorption by the Caledonian Railway looked promising: as well as good terms the Caledonian would upgrade and modernise the track, but Parliament refused the necessary authority.John Thomas, The North British Railway, volume 1, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1969, , page 168 The NBR withdrew an opposing Parliamentary Bill it had prepared for the purpose. The company decided to remain independent, but it agreed to lease the line to the North British Railway from 1866.

The New Caledonian friarbird (Philemon diemenensis) is a species of bird in the family Meliphagidae. It is endemic to New Caledonia.

The Greenock and Wemyss Bay Railway was a railway owned by the Caledonian Railway, providing services between Greenock and Wemyss Bay.

Today the site of Stevenston Moorpark is occupied by Caley Court, a residential home named after L&AR; owners Caledonian Railway.

Travicom was a company launched by Videcom, British Airways, British Caledonian and CCL in 1976 which in 1988 became Galileo UK.

Wesley Lautoa (born 25 August 1987Playerhistory Profile) is a New Caledonian footballer native of Wallis and Futuna who plays for Dijon.

Cameron "Cammy" Mackay (born 9 December 1996) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

Dalserf railway station served the village of Dalserf in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, on the Coalburn branch of the Caledonian Railway line.

Monuments and monumental inscriptions in Scotland: The Caledonian Society of Scotland It stands in the north-west section of the graveyard.

The Glen Loy Aqueduct (or Glenloy Aqueduct) carries the Caledonian Canal over the River Loy, near Muirshearlich, between Banavie and Gairlochy.

The New Caledonian whistler (Pachycephala caledonica) is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is endemic to New Caledonia.

She was on a voyage from South Shields, County Durham to Demerara."Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury (18260). Edinburgh. 1 May 1837.

She was formally named at Rothesay Bay on 4 May 2007 before joining the Caledonian MacBrayne fleet later in the month.

Mike Teasdale (born 28 July 1969) is a Scottish former footballer, who played for Elgin City, Dundee and Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

Sutherland United Football Club were a Scottish football club from Dornoch. They previously competed in the North Caledonian Football League. They played in maroon strips and their home matches were at Meadows Park. The club was formed in 2013 and they were elected to the North Caledonian League for the start of the 2013–14 season.

An overnight train, the Caledonian sleeper, has its terminus at Fort William. This service is known colloquially as 'The Deerstalker'. The stands for local buses and express coaches are on MacFarlane Way adjacent to the railway station. The Caledonian Canal connects the Scottish east coast at Inverness with the west coast at Corpach near Fort William.

The Caledonian Railway 498 Class was a class of 0-6-0 tank locomotives built for dock shunting. They were designed by John F. McIntosh for the Caledonian Railway (CR) and introduced in 1911. Twenty-three were built. They passed to the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) in 1923 and to British Railways (BR) in 1948.

It was leased to the Caledonian Railway and worked by them. The Moffat Railway was absorbed by the Caledonian by Act of 11 May 1889, with effect from on 11 November 1889. The line was only 1 mile and 71 chains (3 km) in length, with no intermediate stations; the passenger train journey took between four and six minutes.

Following the launch of British Airways Concorde services, Britain's other major airline, British Caledonian (BCal), set up a task force headed by Gordon Davidson, BA's former Concorde director, to investigate the possibility of their own Concorde operations."B.CAL appoints Concorde consultant". Flight International, 24 March 1979, p. 881."Caledonian reports best results". Flight International, 12 May 1979, p. 1547.

The majority of Scottish immigrants settled in the South Island. All over New Zealand, the Scots developed different means to bridge the old homeland and the new. Many Caledonian societies were formed, well over 100 by the early twentieth century, who helped maintain Scottish culture and traditions. From the 1860s, these societies organised annual Caledonian Games throughout New Zealand.

Michel Clarque is a New Caledonian professional football manager. He plays as a goalkeeper for the New Caledonia national football team.New Zealand International Matches - Details 1970-1979 - RSSSF In 2002, he coached the New Caledonia national football team.2002 New Caledonian Football Team - New Caledonia - FOX SPORTS PULSE Currently he is a coach of the Hienghène Sport.

The Stavelot Massif is one the larger, other Caledonian massifs are the Rocroi Massif, the Serpont Massif and the Givonne Massif. The higher competence of the Caledonian basement rocks made them more resistant to erosion. The massif therefore forms a plateau in the topography. This plateau is called the High Fens and encompasses the highest summits of Belgium.

The Caledonian Ground is used as the city's main athletics track, and is also one of Dunedin's primary soccer venues; Otago United formerly played many of their home games at the Caledonian Ground, and it has been the host ground for several later-round stages of the Chatham Cup, including a semi-final in the 2008 competition.

Am. J. Bot. 85: 1507-1516. Among Eutacta section, New Caledonian species formed a monophyletic group where A. cunninghamii (Papua New Guinea) was derived first, then A. heterophylla (Norfolk Island). The New Caledonian species revealed a strong homology for rcbL sequences (from 99.5 to 100%), where 10 out of 13 species are identical for this gene sequence.

The Moffat Railway was opened from Beattock on 2 April 1883. It was just over long. It was worked by the Caledonian and absorbed on 11 November 1889. The Caledonian Railway sought to develop both Moffat and Peebles as watering places, and ran The Tinto Express from both places, combining at Symington, to Edinburgh and Glasgow for several years.

Thierry Gathuessi and Filipe Morais, who had both been signed by John Collins in the summer of 2007 but fell out of favour under Mixu Paatelainen, were released on 8 January and both signed deals with Inverness Caledonian Thistle until the end of the season.Hibs pair heading for Inverness, BBC Sport, 8 January 2009.SQUAD UPDATE , Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

EIC voyage #1 (1798-1800): The EIC chartered Caledonian from Robert Charnock on 12 January 1798 at a rate of £24/ton. Captain Stephen Hawes was sworn in to command of Caledonian on 8 February. He acquired a letter of marque on 10 March. Hawes sailed from Portsmouth on 29 April, bound for China and Bengal.

The Caledonian Railway 812 and 652 Classes were 0-6-0 steam tender locomotives designed by John F. McIntosh for the Caledonian Railway and introduced in 1899. They had the same boiler type as the 721 “Dunalastair” Class 4-4-0s. They were nicknamed "Jumbos" and they could reach speeds of up to 55 mph (89 km/h).

The majority of Scottish immigrants settled in the South Island. All over New Zealand, the Scots developed different means to bridge the old homeland and the new. Many Caledonian societies were formed, well over 100 by the early twentieth century, who helped maintain Scottish culture and traditions. From the 1860s, these societies organised annual Caledonian Games throughout New Zealand.

He joined Scottish side Inverness Caledonian Thistle, following a successful trial on 23 July 2009. Stratford was released by Inverness Caledonian Thistle on 6 May 2010. Following a successful trial period he signed a one-year deal at Hereford United on 16 July. He left at the end of the season after finding first team opportunities rare.

Stokes also reported that collectors coming to New Caledonia to search for this bird offered rewards for live or dead specimens. Opinion is divided on whether the New Caledonian lorikeet still exists. King (1981) lists it as extinct since 1860, which is certainly not correct. Most authors hope someone will yet rediscover the New Caledonian lorikeet.

Boeing 707-320C at Gatwick Airport June 1975. On St. Andrew's Day (30 November) in 1970, Caledonian Airways acquired British United Airways (BUA) from British and Commonwealth (B&C;) for £6.9 million."BCAL Atlantic growth", Flight International, 20 September 1973, p. 466"Airline Profile: Number Forty-Two in the Series — British Caledonian", Flight International, 3 August 1972, p.

J&R; Tennent was acquired by Charrington United Breweries in 1963, and in 1966 formally merged with United Caledonian Breweries, Charrington's other Scottish subsidiary, to form Tennent Caledonian Breweries. The new company's brewing was concentrated at the Wellpark Brewery and the Heriot Brewery in Edinburgh. Wellpark was redeveloped between 1965 and 1968 but Heriot was demolished in the 1990s.

There was simply not enough traffic on the line to sustain this, and Caledonian trains stopped running from 1 October 1898. However, there were local protests at this, and Caledonian goods services quickly resumed (on 17 October), but were finally discontinued from June 1899. The line was now simply a remote coastal branch line of the North British Railway.

Geological map of Fennoscandia. The Sveconorwegian Orogen (including the Western Gneiss Region) is shown in pink. The nappes emplaced by the much younger Caledonian orogeny are shown in light green. The main phase of the Caledonian orogeny (from about 425 to 400 million years ago) is called the Scandian phase in Scandinavia and the Grampian phase in Britain.

The Caledonian Railway 721 Class (known as the "Dunalastair" class) was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives designed by John F. McIntosh for the Caledonian Railway (CR) and introduced in 1896. All survived to be absorbed by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) in 1923 and a few survived into British Railways (BR) ownership in 1948.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. competed in the Scottish Second Division in season 1998–99 and the Scottish League Cup and Scottish Cup.

Supported by two new publications, the Edinburgh Gazeteer and the Caledonian Chronicle, plus James Tytler's Historical Register, the new movement rapidly expanded.

AS Poum is a New Caledonian football team playing at the second level New Caledonia Second Level. It is based in Poum.

The Caledonian Railway Bridge is a bridge crossing the River Clyde at Broomielaw in Scotland. It is adjacent to Glasgow Central station.

An examination of the earliest maps of Scotland suggests that the extent of the Caledonian Forest remnants has changed little since 1600.

AS Auteuil is a New Caledonian football team playing at the second level New Caledonia Second Level. It is based in Dumbéa.

JS Traput is a New Caledonian football team playing at the second level New Caledonia Second Level. It is based in Lifou.

Halkirk United Football Club are a senior football team from Halkirk, Caithness in Scotland, who compete in the North Caledonian Football League.

Mickaël Partodikromo (born 2 February 1996) is a New Caledonian footballer who last played as a defensive midfielder for Sutton Coldfield Town.

A commercial gecko diet can be used. Live insects can be given as a supplement.New Caledonian Giant Gecko Care Sheet. Reptile Magazine.

Armstrong played for Dyce Boys Club and the Inverness Caledonian Thistle youth team, before signing professionally with Dundee United in July 2009.

The Dalry Congregational Church, on Caledonian Road, was constructed in 1872 by Alexander Heron and has been converted into accommodation as flats.

Caledonian Sleeper: 1 tpd to via Edinburgh, and . 1 tpd to . ;Local trains Abellio ScotRail: 2 tph to Edinburgh. 1 tph to .

Hearts were drawn into Group A of the League Cup group stage, alongside Cowdenbeath, East Fife Inverness Caledonian Thistle and Raith Rovers.

An agreement later that year guaranteed payments of £25,250 annually in perpetuity, money that at the time the Caledonian could ill afford.

Despite the manifest lack of traffic potential over the barren moorlands separating Hawick and Carlisle, reaching the Cumbrian county town was to be a hotly disputed affair with the NBR and the Caledonian Railway vying for control. The Caledonian was keen to hinder the progress of the NBR and planned an incursion into NBR territory with the Caledonian Extension Railway - a line from Ayr to Berwick to complement its main line from Carlisle to Glasgow. In 1847, the Caledonian obtained powers to construct a line eastwards from Gretna on its main line to Canonbie, only from Hawick, but these powers were allowed to lapse. A second scheme was promoted in 1857: a single-line branch to Langholm whose sole aim was to keep the NBR out of Carlisle.

The GD&CR; opened from a temporary station at Dumfries to Gretna on 23 August 1848, but its trains could not yet run through, so a change to a Caledonian train was necessary there. Finally on 28 October 1850 the through route was completed and the GD&CR; and the Paisley company merged, forming the Glasgow and South Western Railway on the same day. It was not until 1 March 1851 that G&SWR; trains were granted running powers to run through to Carlisle Citadel station, as a tenant there on a 999-year agreement. The Caledonian Railway made life as difficult as possible for the unwelcome interloper, and the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway and the Caledonian Railway together ensured that any traffic from England to central Scotland was forwarded over the Caledonian line.

"Fleet Histories" Caledonian MacBrayne. Retrieved 3 August 2009. Further south are Barra and the smaller Barra Isles, whose southernmost extremity is Barra Head.

The Caledonian Club is a private club founded in 1891. It is located at 9 Halkin Street SW1, near Belgrave Square, Belgravia, London.

In the UK, the fungus is commonly found in Caledonian pine woods, and it is considered an indicator species for that habitat type.

Jean-Gilles Hnamuko (born 2 March 1996) is a New Caledonian international footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Luxembourgish club Jeunesse Junglinster.

201 The Edwards committee considered BUA and Caledonian the two main constituents of the envisaged "Second Force" among Britain's numerous contemporary independent airlines.

He was proud of his Scottish heritage; he was a member of the Caledonian Society of South Australia, and its Chief 1904–1907.

His forte is classic British and Japanese motorcycles. Bruce Unrau of Stevenson College became a senior member of the Caledonian Brewery production team.

Mark McAllister (born 13 February 1971 in Inverness) is a former professional footballer who played for Inverness Caledonian Thistle in the Scottish League.

201 The Edwards committee considered BUA and Caledonian the two main constituents of the envisaged "Second Force" among Britain's numerous contemporary independent airlines.

National Portavadie to Tarbert ferry - geograph.org.uk - 22830 There is a Caledonian MacBrayne ferry service across Loch Fyne to Tarbert on the Kintyre Peninsula.

In 2013 Law received an Honorary Doctorate from Glasgow Caledonian University and an Honorary Doctor of Letters from the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland.

Zschusschen volgende aanwinst voor NAC Breda (Dutch). Voetbal International. 2 February 2015. He signed for Scottish club Inverness Caledonian Thistle in July 2017.

Partick Thistle were relegated, and First Division winners Inverness Caledonian Thistle were promoted. Celtic's Henrik Larsson was the top scorer with 30 goals.

John McKendrick (born 11 May 1969) is a Scottish football referee. McKendrick is a senior lecturer in human geography at Glasgow Caledonian University.

The nest of the New Caledonian crow is built high in a tree with usually 2–3 eggs laid from September to November.

Caledonian Mercury (Edinburgh, Scotland), 13 May 1815; Issue 14575. On her fourth voyage, she left in 1816 and returned on 27 January 1817.

He studied hospitality at Glasgow Caledonian University. Since 2007 he has been the owner of the Amaretto restaurant in Bridge of Weir, Renfrewshire.

He joined Scottish Premier League club Inverness Caledonian Thistle on loan until the end of the 2012–13 season on 25 January 2013.

As of 2016, the depot has no allocation. It serves as a stabling point for Caledonian Sleeper Class 73/9 diesel-electric locomotives.

It is found on Mont Panié in New Caledonian rain forest in gneissic and schistose soils from 200 – 600 m above sea level.

On 26 June 1846 the Caledonian and Dumbartonshire Junction Railway (C&DJR;) was authorised by Act of Parliament to construct the line;Christopher Awdry, Encyclopaedia of British Railway Companies, Patrick Stephens Limited, Wellingborough, 1990, The authorised share capital was £600,000,E F Carter, An Historical Geography of the Railways of the British Isles, Cassell, London, 1959 a considerable sum for the time. The directors offered to lease their (unbuilt) line to the E&GR; but this was refused. During the lengthy period of planning and then during the Parliamentary hearings to obtain its own authorising Act, the Caledonian had determined on an expansive scheme of bringing as many independent railways under its influence as possible. It considered the Caledonian and Dumbartonshire line to be a legitimate part of its future network, which it already referred to as "the Caledonian system".C J A Robertson, The Origins of the Scottish Railway System, 1722 - 1844, John Donald Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh, 1983, , p. 299 The Caledonian offered to lease the entire line at 5% on its capital.

The contractor Thomas Brassey was approached, with the same outcome. Through the course of 1849 the Caledonian found that the income on the SCR (and also the Scottish Midland Junction, which the SCR had leased) barely covered operating expenses, and the promised 6% on capital was not remitted. The LNWR and the Lancaster and Carlisle declined to remit money while the prime player, the Caledonian, was not doing so. On 1 December 1850 the SCR reclaimed its rolling stock from the Caledonian in order operate its trains and those of the Scottish Midland Junction; this included working into Queen Street station in Glasgow.

On 19 July 2005, the Scottish Executive announced that three companies - V-Ships, Irish Continental Ferries and Caledonian MacBrayne - had bid to provide ferry services to the Northern Isles. Irish Continental, however, withdrew its bid in October 2005, leaving two potential operators on the closing date of 1 December 2005. Both of the remaining bids complied with the contract requirements, but Caledonian MacBrayne's lower bid meant that it was awarded the contract. Caledonian MacBrayne formed a company named NorthLink Ferries Limited, which adopted the branding and vessels of its predecessor, and began operating the Northern Isles ferry services on 6 July 2006.

The Caledonian was experiencing financial difficulties at a time when money generally was in short supply, and the Caledonian took a less optimistic view of the prospects of the Comrie line. It now transpired that many of the enthusiastic local subscriptions in the line were doubtful, and when the Caledonian declared its own reluctance, it was suddenly plain that the line would not be built. Williamson did not give up the proposal, and in particular in 1880 he tried to get the scheme going again, but on this occasion he experienced opposition from landowners, and no progress was made.

The Caledonian Railway depended on steamer operators for the onward connections from its piers, and the relationship was not always satisfactory. In frustration the company applied for powers to own and operate its own steamships, but in March 1889 this was rejected, following spirited opposition from the steamer operators themselves. The solution was the formation of a nominally independent company, the Caledonian Steam Packet Company (CSPC). For some time this proved highly successful, but competition was fierce between the Caledonian (with the CSPC) via Gourock, the G&SWR; via their impressive terminal at Greenock, Princes Pier, and the North British Railway via Graigendoran.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle was formed in 1994 by the merging of two Highland League clubs, Caledonian and Inverness Thistle. Between 1994 and 1996, the new club played their home matches at Telford Street Park, which had been the home ground of Caledonian. However, one of the pledges made to gain entrance into the Scottish Football League (SFL) was that they would move to a newly built ground by August 1995. Four sites were considered until early in 1995, when Highland Council gave approval to a site called East Longman, next to the A9 road and the Kessock Bridge.

The stadium held 5,000 supporters at opening and cost £5.2 million. This was funded by selling the old grounds of Caledonian and Inverness Thistle for £1.1 million, the grant from Inverness District Council, £500,000 from the Football Trust and the rest was provided by the Inverness and Nairn Enterprise Board, sponsors and supporters. The local authority retained ownership of the ground, with Inverness Caledonian Thistle being given a 99-year lease on the site. In March 1997, the Caledonian Stadium hosted its first international game, a 5–1 victory of Scotland U-16 over England U-16.

The area of the north bank of the river Clyde became increasingly important for industry, and therefore became heavily populated. The North British Railway and its satellites had gained an early monopoly of this traffic, but its importance encouraged the Caledonian to enter the area. The Lanarkshire and Dumbartonshire Railway was nominally independent, running from near Maryhill to Dumbarton, opening progressively between 1894 and 1896. In 1896 the Caledonian gained access to Loch Lomond with the opening of the Dumbarton and Balloch Joint Railway, (originally built by the Caledonian and Dumbartonshire Junction Railway), built jointly with the NBR.

The Caledonian Railway had intended to lease, or absorb, the Scottish Central Railway (SCR), which obtained its Act of Parliament on the same day as the Caledonian. The SCR needed a partner railway to get access to Glasgow and Edinburgh, but the rival Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway (E&GR;) would provide that. The SCR opened from Greenhill Junction with the E&GR; to Perth on 22 May 1848, and the Caledonian opened its branch to reach Greenhill Junction on 7 August 1848. The SCR remained independent for some time, mainly because of Parliamentary opposition to proposed mergers.

Much later the Caledonian found that the periodical lease payments were unaffordable, and it was rescued by the legal opinion that the lease agreements had been ultra vires. The Dundee and Perth Railway opened in 1847; it was taken over by the Scottish Central Railway, and its network came to the Caledonian with the SCR when that company was taken over by the Caledonian in 1865. The Scottish Midland Junction Railway opened in 1848 from Perth to Forfar, giving onward access to Aberdeen. The SMJR and the Aberdeen Railway amalgamated in 1856 to form the Scottish North Eastern Railway in 1856.

Fly me, I'm Freddie!, pp. 58, 61, 165/6 When Britain's African colonies became independent, Safari/colonial coach was converted into a fully fledged scheduled service. To secure their traffic rights between the UK and the newly independent African nations, Hunting-Clan and Airwork began participating in revenue-sharing agreements with BOAC and the destination countries' flag carriers.following Hunting- Clan's's absorption into BUA and that airline's subsequent acquisition by Caledonian Airways to form British Caledonian (BCal), these arrangements continued to be the legal basis of BUA's and BCal's UK—Africa scheduled servicesThe Caledonian punchbag, Flight International, 21 March 1987, p.

If the Caledonian did nothing, all the traffic from north of the central belt would go to other railways. Strenuous efforts resulted in agreement with the Scottish Central to form a junction with them near Castlecary (west of Falkirk), and a branch to that point was added to the Caledonian proposals. In fact the branch was complicated: the Caledonian already proposed to run over the Glasgow, Garnkirk and Coatbridge Railway (GG&CR;) from Whifflat. Another coal railway, the Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway (M&KR;) ran alongside the GG&CR; at Gartsherrie, continuing north to the canal basin at Kirkintilloch.

The Matignon Agreements were approved by French and New Caledonian voters in a referendum held on 6 November 1988, in which voters were asked "Do you agree to allow New Caledonian residents to vote for self-determination in 1998?".Décret du 5 octobre 1988 décidant de soumettre un projet de loi au référendum A majority voters – 80% – voted for New Caledonian residents to determine whether or not to institute self- determination. The voter participation in the referendum was 37%, with 12% of the ballots blank or void. On 5 May 1998 the Nouméa Accord was signed under the aegis of Lionel Jospin.

BCal ceased to exist as a legal entity at 00.01 hrs. on 14 April 1988. Cal Air International,when the Rank Organisation gained full control of Cal Air on 25 May 1988, its name changed to Novair International Airways, followed by the replacement of BCal's lion rampant with a shooting star logo on the aircraft's tails the former British Caledonian Charter operation,Airliner World (Mediterranean Package Tours — Cal Air/Novair International Airways), Key Publishing, Stamford, UK, October 2010, pp. 70/1 and British Caledonian Flight Training were not included in BA's acquisition of the British Caledonian Group.

The Callander and Oban Railway had in fact been absorbed by the Caledonian Railway but continued to be managed semi-autonomously. The Caledonian was a far larger concern that had money problems, and priorities, elsewhere. Nevertheless, as time went on, extension of the first line to Oban was resumed in stages, and finally completed on 30 June 1880. The people of Killin petitioned the Callander and Oban company for a branch line, but this was refused, and when the Caledonian Railway itself was persuaded to obtain Parliamentary authority to build the branch, the Bill failed in Parliament.

Monday to Saturday, northbound, Bridge of Orchy has three services to Mallaig and one service to Fort William (the Highland Caledonian Sleeper). Southbound, there are three services to Glasgow Queen Street and one service to London Euston (Highland Caledonian Sleeper, Saturdays excepted). On Sundays, there is just one service northbound to Mallaig all year, with a second in the summer months only (May to late October), one service southbound to Glasgow Queen Street (two in summer) and one service (the Highland Caledonian Sleeper) to London Euston. This can also be used by regular travellers to both Glasgow Queen Street (L.

The Stobcross line opened on 20 October 1874, for goods and mineral traffic only. The route from the NBR line out of Queen Street was extremely circuitous, but for the time being any more direct routing was unthinkable. The NBR went to considerable lengths to make the exercise of the Caledonian Railway's running powers as inconvenient as possible; this included various forms of delay for supposed operational reasons, and the refusal to allow stabling of Caledonian locomotives at Stobcross, resulting in much wasteful light running. However the NBR and the Caledonian each had their own goods yard at Partick.

It was destroyed by a fire started by children while abandoned in August 1968.Evening Times, Glasgow, August 1968, held at Mitchell Library The outer walls with some decorative stonework as well as the base of an entrance vestibule with the pattern and fragments of the black and white checked floor tiles remain. Above the station site and mouth of the tunnel is Caledonian Mansions which was built by the Caledonian Railway company on land it purchased for tunnel construction. The company's monogram is still visible on the east side of the mansions on Caledonian Crescent, just uphill from the station site.

The C&DJR; decided that the Caledonian Railway would be a better partner than the E&GR;, and in 1847 successfully presented another Bill to Parliament, proposing an alteration of the terminal in Glasgow so as to connect with the Caledonian. In fact the G&DJR; had serious trouble raising capital, and only succeeded in constructing its line from Bowling through Dumbarton to Balloch. The terminal at Bowling was at the basin of the Forth and Clyde Canal; the canal was in the process of being acquired by the Caledonian Railway at the time. The G&DJR; opened in 1850.

The SMJR was to link Perth and Forfar. Together the three railways would connect central Scotland to Perth, Forfar and Aberdeen, and with the Caledonian and its allies they would link to London as well. Even before authorisation the Caledonian had strategic plans to control these, and other, lines, forming a widespread Caledonian area of control in Scotland. As its capital would all be required to build its railway, it was unable to purchase the lines; instead it agreed leases of the other (as yet unauthorised) companies; this required no cash down payment, but a heavy commitment to periodical lease charges later.

BCal ceased to exist as a legal entity at 00.01 hrs. on 14 April 1988. Cal Air International,when the Rank Organisation gained full control of Cal Air on 25 May 1988, its name changed to Novair International Airways, followed by the replacement of BCal's lion rampant with a shooting star logo on the aircraft's tails the former British Caledonian Charter operation,Airliner World (Mediterranean Package Tours — Cal Air/Novair International Airways), Key Publishing, Stamford, UK, October 2010, pp. 70/1 and British Caledonian Flight Training were not included in BA's acquisition of the British Caledonian Group.

The other two stations were located a short distance to the east of Gretna, over the border in England. Gretna (Caledonian) railway station was opened on 9 September 1847 by the Caledonian Railway on its main line between Carlisle and Glasgow and Edinburgh.Butt, page 110 The station closed on 10 September 1951. The North British Railway built Gretna (Border Union) railway station next to the Caledonian station, at Gretna junction, on its short link to the Border Union Railway. The station opened on 1 November 1861 and closed during World War One on 9 August 1915.

During the process of obtaining Parliamentary authorisation for its line, the Caledonian discovered that an independent Clydesdale Junction Railway was also being authorised. The Caledonian quickly took control of the Clydesdale Junction by leasing it during construction; it opened throughout on 1 June 1849. Its route left the Wishaw and Coltness line at Motherwell, and ran via Uddingston and Rutherglen to a terminus called Southside in Glasgow, at the junction of Cathcart Road and Pollokshaws Road. This too was inconveniently located for the city centre, but the Caledonian now had two routes to two terminal stations in Glasgow.

On the west side of the country the Glasgow and South Western Railway (G&SWR;) had a route between Glasgow and Carlisle; however it was hampered by reliance on the Caledonian Railway route for the final approach to Carlisle, and primacy of the Caledonian Railway and its English ally, the LNWR, there. The G&SWR; route was uncompetitive for traffic to and from Edinburgh. A third route was another North British Railway route that became known as the Waverley Route between Edinburgh and Carlisle. This route too suffered from the dominance of the Caledonian and LNWR at Carlisle.

The average daily net paid circulation has dipped from a peak of about 12,500 about 1999 to the six months ending March 2013 at 10,204. Penetration of the primary market area of St. Johnsbury and Lyndonville was under 93%. For the area immediately surrounding St. Johnsbury the Caledonian provided coverage of 80% of the occupied households.Us, The Caledonian Record Online.

Existing Mark 2 and Mark 3 coaching stock was to be replaced by 2018.Serco wins franchise for Caledonian sleeper train service BBC News 28 May 2014 Serco Caledonian Sleepers Limited took over the operation of the train on 31 March 2015. In December 2015 staff called a two-day strike because of health and safety concerns with the trains then in use.

Movement on these detachments led to deposition of thick sequences of continental clastic sediments in their hanging walls and was in part responsible for the exhumation of late Caledonian ultra high-pressure metamorphic rocks, including eclogites, in their footwalls. The displacements on these structures range from nearly orthogonal to the Caledonian chain in the south to being strongly oblique in mid-Norway.

Herd, J. and Griffiths, G.J. (1980) Discovering Dunedin. Dunedin: John McIndoe. . p. 38 The original Caledonian Ground hosted New Zealand's first National Athletics Championships in December 1889, and also New Zealand's first international football (soccer) match, albeit not officially a full international. On 23 July 1904 New Zealand lost 0-1 at the Caledonian to a New South Wales representative XI. p.

As of 2018, there are 14 seats in the province's congress held by six parties: the nationalist Caledonian Union holds four, the anti-independence Rally for Caledonia in the Republic holds two, and the National Union for Independence-Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front, Socialist Kanak Liberation, Renewed Caledonian Union and Union of Pro-Independence Co- operation Committees each have two.

Caledonian Airways was the brainchild of Adam Thomson, a former British European Airways (BEA) Viscount pilot and ex-Britavia captain, and John de la Haye, a former BEA flight steward and Cunard Eagle's erstwhile New York office manager.High Risk: The Politics of the Air, pp. 159, 241Fly me, I'm Freddie!, pp. 131/2Jets Monthly (Airline History – The BCal STORY ...: Caledonian Routes), pp.

It was worked by the Caledonian, although the company retained its independence until 1923. The Glasgow Central Railway was authorised as an independent company to build a surface line from Rutherglen to Maryhill. It encountered fierce opposition, and the scheme was taken over by the Caledonian and converted into a route mainly in tunnel. It opened in 1896, further encouraging suburban passenger travel.

159 The rapid expansion of British Caledonian suffered a temporary setback during the recession following in the wake of the 1973 oil crisis. This undermined its financial stability during its formative years and threatened its survival at that stage. Following economic revival during that decade's second half, British Caledonian regained its financial stability, enabling it to expand again and to become profitable.

The Caledonian Railway 439 Class is a class of 0-4-4T steam locomotive. It was a development of earlier Caledonian Railway 0-4-4T locomotives, including the 19 Class and 92 Class, and predecessor of the 431 Class. The 439 Class was introduced by John F. McIntosh in 1900 and a modified version was introduced by William Pickersgill in 1915.

He made two starts and five substitute appearances for the League Two club, with his contribution at Vale Park also limited by call-ups to the Northern Ireland squad. Little played his first SPL game of the 2011–12 season on 26 February, and justified Ally McCoist's selection at the Caledonian Stadium by scoring in a 4–1 win over Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

The West Coast fleet contained several 'celebrity' locomotives, including no. 86245 "Caledonian", which was repainted into a variant of the Virgin livery using Caledonian Railway blue in place of the standard red, to celebrate the company's 150th Anniversary. In 2002, no. 86233 was specially repainted into original electric blue to commemorate the last few months in traffic for the fleet.

Monday to Saturday, northbound, Upper Tyndrum has three services to Mallaig and one service to Fort William (Highland Caledonian Sleeper). Southbound, there are three services to Glasgow Queen Street and one service to London Euston (Highland Caledonian Sleeper, Saturdays excepted). On Sundays, there is just one service northbound to Mallaig and two services southbound to Glasgow Queen Street and London Euston.

Port Bannatyne lies on the Firth of Clyde, approximately north of Rothesay on the Scottish Isle of Bute. Rhubodach is a further north away on the A886 and a Caledonian MacBrayne ferry service to the Cowal peninsula. This ferry runs every 30 minutes during the day. In Rothesay there is a Caledonian MacBrayne ferry service to Wemyss Bay in Inverclyde.

The Caledonian Road at the junction with Northdown Road The Caledonian Road passes for about a mile and a half north-south through the London Borough of Islington. It connects North London, from Camden Road near its junction with Holloway Road, and central London's Pentonville Road in the south. It is known colloquially as the "Cally" and forms the entirety of the A5203.

Kingsmills Park was a football ground in Inverness, Scotland. It was the home ground of Inverness Thistle F.C. Following the merger of Inverness Thistle with Caledonian F.C. in 1994, the new team played at Caledonian's ground, Telford Street Park. In 1996 the club moved to the newly built Caledonian Stadium. A Care Home currently sits upon the location of the former ground.

Many served during the Boer War, World War I, and with numerous receiving decorations for their part in conflicts during World War II. From that point the band became known, as they are today, as The Pipes and Drums of the Royal Caledonian Society. Pipes and Drums of the Royal Caledonian Society of South Australia, performing at the Laura Folk Fair 2015.

The Caledonian acquired the line in 1865. The Portpatrick Railway had opened in 1861-1862 and the Caledonian worked it. This gave it access from Lockerbie to Stranraer and Portpatrick, enabling it to develop ferry services to the north of Ireland. It routed traffic from there to Glasgow and Edinburgh via Lockerbie, bringing considerable additional traffic to the main line.

The 1993–1994 Highland Football League was won by Huntly. This was the final season that Ross County, Caledonian and Inverness Thistle would compete.

The 2020–21 Inverness Caledonian Thistle season will be the club's 27th season in Scottish Football, and their 4th consecutive season in the Championship.

JS Baco is a New Caledonian football team playing at the top level. It is based in Koné. Their home stadium is Stade Yoshida.

Invergordon Football Club are a Scottish football club from Invergordon. They compete in the North Caledonian Football League and play at the Recreation Grounds.

The 2009–10 season was Inverness Caledonian Thistle's first in the Scottish First Division since relegation from the Scottish Premier League the previous season.

The station opened on 1 April 1850 by the Caledonian Railway. It closed to the both passengers and goods traffic on 11 June 1956.

Robbie Deas (born 27 February 2000) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a defender for Inverness Caledonian Thistle of the Scottish Championship.

The Clydesdale Junction Railway opened on 1 June 1849, and some Caledonian Railway passenger trains used that route to the Glasgow South Side terminus.

It once had its own railway station on the Caledonian Railway's Edinburgh to Carstairs Line. The station was located north of Auchengray railway station.

The Caledonian orogeny united the northern and southern portions of present-day Great Britain. The Iapetus Suture runs from the Solway Firth to Lindisfarne.

Midway through the 2018–19 season, Tokely made a return to senior football when he joined Tain based North Caledonian League club St Duthus.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed the New Caledonian stingaree under Least Concern, as it faces no substantial fishery threats.

The New Caledonian gracile dwarf skink, gracile dwarf skink, or slender elf skink (Nannoscincus gracilis) is a species of skink found in New Caledonia.

A number of mountain building periods were involved in the formation of the Central Pangean Mountains, including the Acadian, Caledonian, Alleghenian and Mauritanide orogenies.

The Hamilton Branch is a historic railway in Scotland, running from the Newton railway station to Ross Junction with the Caledonian Railway Coalburn Branch.

Matheus Machado (born 9 July 2001) is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder, most recently for Scottish club Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

Harburn railway station was situated on the Caledonian Railway line between Carstairs railway station and Edinburgh. It was closed in 1966 by the Beeching Axe.

Dimitri Petemou (born 3 August 1980) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Thio Sport in the New Caledonia Super Ligue.

Georges Béaruné (born 27 July 1989) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a defender for AS Magenta in the New Caledonia Super Ligue.

Loic Wakanumuné (born 27 March 1985) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a defender for AS Magenta in the New Caledonia Super Ligue.

Olivier Dokunengo (born 4 September 1979) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a midfielder for AS Magenta in the New Caledonia Super Ligue.

During the Caledonian orogeny Finland was likely a sunken foreland basin covered by sediments, subsequent uplift and erosion would have eroded all of these sediments.

On the 24th, she then headed to Oban awaiting her sale. By March 2018, the vessel had been handed back to owner Caledonian Maritime Assets.

AS Lössi is a New Caledonian football team playing at the top level. It is based in Nouméa. Their home stadium is Stade Numa-Daly.

Jacques Haeko (born 23 April 1984) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a striker for AS Lössi in the New Caledonia Division Honneur.

Pindaia is a genus of fly in the family Dolichopodidae from the Australasian realm. The genus is named after the New Caledonian place name "Pindai".

The Caledonian Mercury was a Scottish newspaper, published three times a week between 1720 and 1867. In 2010 an online publication launched using the name.

On 31 August 2016, McKay signed for Inverness Caledonian Thistle on a two-year contract after being released by fellow Scottish Premiership side St Johnstone.

The Laurence Hutton Prize in History is awarded annually to the department's top student."The Laurence Hutton Prize Fund," The Caledonian (April 1915), p. 152.

Captain Roi Edgerton "Tug" Wilson, CBE, DFC (1 June 1921 – 17 March 2009) was a Royal Navy officer and Master of the Royal Caledonian Schools.

BUA, British Eagle and Transglobe Airways simultaneously applied for similar licences. Caledonian objected to the other independent airlines' applications. BOAC opposed all the independents' applications.

Wallace Duffy (born 12 April 1999) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays for Inverness Caledonian Thistle as a right back or a centre back.

Steven James Hislop (born 14 June 1978) is a Scottish former footballer. He played in the Scottish Premier League for Inverness Caledonian Thistle and Livingston.

Fallside railway station served the town of Uddingston, South Lanarkshire, Scotland from 1873 to 1953 on the Clydesdale Junction section of the Caledonian main line.

Her crew were rescued."Shipping and Commercial List". Caledonian Mercury (12646), 30 September 1802. Of her crew of 43, 13 had died on the voyage.

The Caledonian line opened much later than the LL&DR;, on 1 March 1867. The Caledonian and NBR stations were not immediately adjacent, being respectively west and east of the road that is now the A702. Each station had the usual facilities, including a locomotive turntable each. There was an exchange siding between the two stations for wagon exchange, but no through movements took place.

This structure has been conserved, since it was little affected by the Caledonian orogeny. This sandstone formation is very different from the rock one typically finds in Sweden (granite and gneiss). It is also very different from the rest of the Scandes, which are part of the Caledonian orogen. This sandstone is called the Dalecarlian sandstone, or the sandstone of Trysil on the Norwegian side.

Laurentia and Baltica collided in the Silurian and Devonian, producing a Himalayas-sized mountain range named the Caledonian Mountains roughly over the same area as the present-day Scandinavian Mountains.Gabrielsen, Roy H.; Faleide, Jan Inge; Pascal, Christophe; Braathen, Alvar; Nystuen, Johan Petter; Etzelmuller, Bernd; O'Donnel, Sejal (2010). "Latest Caledonian to Present tectonomorphological development of southern Norway". Marine and Petroleum Geology. 27: 709–723. doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.06.004.

598New BUA Airline, Air Transport ..., Flight International, 17 October 1968, p. 599Independence for BUIA, Air Transport, Flight International, 30 July 1970, p. 151 When British & Commonwealth (B&C;), the BUA group's majority shareholder, decided to sell BUA to Caledonian Airways in November 1970, BUIA was not part of this deal. Prior to BUA's sale to Caledonian, BUIA changed its name to British Island Airways (BIA).

Joël Wakanumuné (born 30 September 1986) is a New Caledonian international footballer who plays for the New Caledonian side Magenta in the New Caledonia Super Ligue, and the New Caledonia national team. Wakanumuné represented New Caledonia in ten qualifying matches for the 2014 FIFA World Cup, as well as the 2012 OFC Nations Cup.FIFA. "FIFA Player Statistics: Joel WAKANUMUNE". Retrieved on April 15, 2013.

The Caledonian went to considerable lengths to improve the harbour (and the canal generally). The volume of rail traffic increased over time as Grangemouth became the dominant port, and a second route into Grangemouth, diverging from the Grahamston line west of Falkirk, was opened in 1908, both the NBR and the Caledonian having constructed their section, joining at the swing bridge over the canal.

The Glasgow, Paisley and Greenock Railway opened between Bridge Street station in Glasgow and Greenock on 31 March 1841; it amalgamated with the Caledonian Railway on 7 August 1851. The independent Greenock and Wemyss Bay Railway opened on 15 May 1865; it was absorbed by the Caledonian Railway on 27 July 1893. The extension to Gourock opened on 1 June 1889. The route was electrified in 1967.

114, No. 2917, p. 18, Temple Press, London, 13 September 1967Aeroplane (In Brief: Caledonian Airways is to ... announce an order for three short-haul jet aircraft ...), Vol. 115, No. 2925, p. 9, Temple Press, London, 8 November 1967 As the 737 was an all-American aircraft like the previously ordered 707, Caledonian needed to approach the BOT once more to request an import tax exemption.

The GPK&AR; had declined to give Kilmarnock a direct route; it opened its line via Dalry in 1843. In 1848 the Glasgow, Barrhead and Neilston Direct Railway (GB&NDR;) opened from a South Side terminus in Glasgow. The line was friendly to the Caledonian Railway. In 1865 both the Caledonian Railway and the G&SWR; obtained Parliamentary authority to build a line from Glasgow to Kilmarnock.

Dedication of the London Edition to the Caledonian Hunt. The volume was again dedicated to the Noblemen and Gentlemen of the Caledonian Hunt. The 1787 London and Edinburgh editions contain an extra seventeen poems and five new songs. In addition most of the poems present in the 1786 Kilmarnock Edition are reprinted such as "Halloween", "The Twa Dogs", "The Cotter's Saturday Night", "To a Mouse", etc.

All over New Zealand, the Scots developed different means to bridge the old homeland and the new. Many Caledonian societies were formed, well over 100 by the early twentieth century, who helped maintain Scottish culture and traditions. From the 1860s, these societies organised annual Caledonian Games throughout New Zealand. The Games were sports meets that brought together Scottish settlers and the wider New Zealand public.

With the addition of the BAC One-Eleven, Nairobi and Johannesburg were added to the fleet network. In February 1972, the airline leased a Vickers VC-10 from British Caledonian, and it entered service on a route from Blantyre to London. British Caledonian sold the aircraft to Air Malawi in November 1974, and the service to Gatwick Airport in London, via Nairobi, began on 3 December 1974.

The Ravens attended the Caledonian Thebans RFCThe Caledonian Thebans rugby clinic in 2006, 2007 and 2008. The 2007 tournament was capped with a mini 7s tournament and 15s game. The Ravens achieved a 3-1 win over the Thebans and a 0-0 draw with the Cardiff Lions. The 2008 and 2009 clinics finished with a 10s tournament, both of which were won by the Ravens.

New Caledonian crows have shown they are able to process information from mirrors, a cognitive ability possessed by only a small number of species. By using a mirror, wild-caught New Caledonian crows are able to find objects they cannot see with a direct line of sight. However, the crows were unable to recognise themselves in the mirror - other corvids have tested positive for this capability.

Howard Smith owned Caledonian Collieries that controlled five collieries in South Maitland and the Cockle Creek Power Station. It also owned the Invincible Colliery at Cullen Bullen. In 1960 Caledonian Collieries merged with J & A Brown and Abermain & Seaham Collieries to form Coal & Allied Industries with Howard Smith owning 48%. By 1989 this was down to down to 6% with this sold in 1991.

Irvine Caledonian Stadium was a greyhound racing stadium in Irvine, North Ayrshire, Scotland. The first greyhound meeting at Irvine took place on 21 August 1933. Known as the Caledonian Stadium it was located between Bank Street and Quarry Road. It is not to be confused with the location of a football ground and running track that was built adjacent on the north side some years later.

When determining its route, the SCR had assumed friendly terms with the E&GR; would give it access to Glasgow over their line; but the E&GR; had opposed the SCR Bill in Parliament, having its own designs on reaching Stirling. The newly incorporated SCR therefore negotiated with the Caledonian, also newly incorporated. The Caledonian proposed to enter Glasgow from the south over the Glasgow, Garnkirk and Coatbridge Railway, a renamed and modernised incarnation of the early Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway. This ran from Coatbridge in a broad northern sweep to a terminus at Townhead in Glasgow, and the Caledonian was going to lease or buy it.

The station was once part of the Caledonian Railway and later, the London, Midland and Scottish Railway. It was originally opened by the Caledonian in September 1849, as the terminus of their branch line from Newton and was originally known simply as Hamilton."Railscot - Hamilton Branch (Caledonian Railway)" Crawford, Ewan Railscot.co.uk; Retrieved 4 July 2016 The branch was then extended to and also to Ferniegair (to join existing routes southwards to Strathaven & Coalburn) in December 1876 - a new Hamilton Central station serving the town was opened on this route at the same time, with the former terminus renamed Hamilton West and rebuilt for through traffic.

The North British Railway had been subject to the frenzy of proposed schemes linking central Scotland with the developing English network and the Smith-Barlow Commission, referred to above. In fact a race was in progress to be the first railway to offer a through service to London from Edinburgh and Glasgow, and the North British Railway had an effective rival in the Caledonian Railway. However at the crucial time for presenting a Parliamentary Bill, the Caledonian was unable to generate sufficient subscriptions, and had to delay a year to the following session, giving the North British a lead. Nonetheless the Caledonian Railway reached Carlisle and served both Edinburgh and Glasgow.

On 3 June 1882, the Caledonian opened the new Carron Dock at Grangemouth. The port was capable of handling large steamships, and hydraulic coal elevators made rapid loading possible. Although the Act did not allow the Caledonian Railway to use the NBR Grahamston station, NBR conceded the use of it from 1 August 1883 after the Caledonian threatened to obtain powers to build an independent railway between Larbert and the Grangemouth branch. The port was said to be capable of handling a considerable additional volume of shipping, but already by 1893 "coal companies were demanding more quays at Grangemouth because of congestion in that port".

The Scottish Central Railway and the Caledonian were physically joined at Greenhill Junction (near Castlecary) on 7 August 1848. The SCR had opened on 22 May 1848 with a junction to the E&GR; at Greenhill. The original plan had been for the Caledonian to lease the SCR but that had fallen through. In the run-up to the day of making the connection, another attempt was made to agree arrangements—the SCR did not have enough engine power to work its line itself—but the SCR wanted more payment than the Caledonian was prepared to pay, and the agreement fell through once again.

British Airtours (branded as British aırtours) was a British charter airline with flight operations out of London Gatwick and Manchester Airport. Originally established as BEA Airtours in 1969, it became a wholly owned subsidiary of then state-owned British Airways (BA) following the British European Airways (BEA) — British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) merger of the early 1970s. British Airtours adopted the Caledonian Airways name when the newly privatised British Airways completed the acquisition of the rival British Caledonian (BCal) in April 1988. Caledonian Airways was eventually sold to UK tour operator Inspirations in 1995, marking BA's exit from the mainstream inclusive tour (IT) market.

The Caledonian Sleeper (left) and a First ScotRail Glasgow to Mallaig service As of the summer 2019 timetable, Fort William has three daytime trains per day in each direction on Mondays to Saturdays, running between and . There is also a daily early morning service to Mallaig that starts at Fort William, with a similar return service in the evening (this connects into/out of the Caledonian Sleeper). The Caledonian Sleeper operates six nights per week (not Saturdays) from , starting/terminating at Fort William. The sleeper also carries seated coaches and can thus be used as a regular service train to/from Glasgow Queen Street and Edinburgh Waverley.

Monday to Saturday, northbound, Tulloch has three services to and one service to Fort William (the Highland Caledonian Sleeper). Southbound, there are three services to Glasgow Queen Street and one service to London Euston (Highland Caledonian Sleeper, Saturdays excepted). On Sundays, there is just one service northbound to Mallaig (plus a second from May to late October), one service southbound to Glasgow Queen Street (two in summer) and one service (Highland Caledonian Sleeper) to London Euston.GB eNRT May 2016 Edition, Table 227 (Network Rail) The sleeper also carries seated coaches and can thus be used by regular travellers to both Glasgow and Edinburgh Waverley.

The importance to the city of free rail access was such that the rival Caledonian Railway was granted running powers over the line by Parliament; the Caledonian got access to the NBR system from Sighthill via Springburn. The siding complex at Stobcross was 70 feet (21 m) above the level of the quayside lines and a steeply graded connecting line was built; the Caledonian got joint ownership of that short section. The G&SWR; also applied for access but their line was to run west from Dunlop Street across St Enoch square, continuing along the bank of the Clyde, and this scheme was refused by Parliament.

A Caledonian Sleeper double berth in the UK In the United Kingdom, a network of trains with sleeping cars operates daily between London and Scotland (Caledonian Sleeper), and between London and the West Country as far as Cornwall (Night Riviera). Using rolling stock designed and formerly operated by British Rail, these services offer a choice of single- or double-occupancy bedrooms. These services operate all week, except Saturdays and usually depart London (Euston and Paddington) in the evening, arriving at their destinations at approx 08:00. The West Country service uses British Rail Mk3 sleeper coaches, whereas Caledonian Sleeper replaced their Mk3 coaches with Mk 5 coaches.

British Caledonian (BCal) was a British private independent airline which operated out of Gatwick Airport in south-east England during the 1970s and 1980s. It was created as an alternative to the British government-controlled corporation airlines and was described as the "Second Force" in the 1969 Edwards report. It was formed by the UK's second-largest, independent charter airline Caledonian Airways taking over British United Airways (BUA), then the largest British independent airline and the United Kingdom's leading independent scheduled carrier. The carrier slogan was Let's go British Caledonian in the 1970s and We never forget you have a choice in the 1980s.

In March 1979 the Government Council of New Caledonia – controlled by the pro-independence Caledonian Union – was dismissed by the French government after failing to vote in favour of a ten-year plan for the territory. High Commissioner Claude Charbonniaud given executive power.Caledonia: HiCom rules Pacific Islands Monthly May 1979, p37 A 10% electoral threshold was introduced for the elections, which was reported by Pacific Islands Monthly to mainly affect the prospects of indigenous and pro-independence parties. As a result, the pro- independence Caledonian Union, Caledonian Socialist Party, Melanesian Progressive Union, Party of Kanak Liberation and United Front of Kanak Liberation formed the Independence Front.

In 2012, the Orkney Amateur Football Association (OAFA) embarked on a strategy of seeking further games against teams from the Highlands & Islands. That year, the Orkney Football Club were formed for entry in the North Caledonian Football Association's cup competitions. The club's formation had been driven by a desire for several decades for Orkney football players to be given more opportunities to compete at a higher level with the aim of improving the standard of Orkney’s most popular sport. Orkney gained full membership of the North Caledonian FA ahead of the 2014–15 season, becoming the first non-mainland club to play in the North Caledonian League itself.

The Caledonian saw its future as the controller of a large railway network throughout much of Scotland, and it engaged in continuing absorptions of smaller concerns. Parliament began to take the view that this was anti-competitive and granted running powers to the rival North British Railway (NBR) over much of the northern part of the Caledonian Railway system. The NBR opened the Tay bridge in 1878, giving it direct access to the north shore of the Firth of Tay. Its objective was to reach Aberdeen, and it requested the transfer of the Dundee and Arbroath line to joint ownership (between the Caledonian Railway and the NBR).

Until 2014, the Melanesian whistler was considered conspecific with the New Caledonian whistler. Formerly, it has also been treated as a subspecies of the golden whistler.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. competed in the Scottish Second Division in season 1997–98 and the Scottish League Cup, the Scottish Challenge Cup and Scottish Cup.

The prominent Hutchison Memorial on the north end of Kerrera that commemorates David Hutchison, one of the founders of Caledonian MacBrayne, is visible from Maiden Island.

Hienghène Sport (), known in Fwâi language as Hyehen Sport is a New Caledonian football team from Hienghène playing in the New Caledonia Super Ligue, New Caledonia.

The New Caledonia national under-17 football team is the national U-17 team of New Caledonia and is controlled by the New Caledonian Football Federation.

The club has won the North Caledonian League on four occasions. They were given the Scottish Football Association's prestigious Quality Mark Development Award in July 2011.

Main competitors include The Chronicle, The Caledonian-Record, radio stations WIKE, WMOO, WJJZ (FM), and television station NEK-TV. The paper grosses about $1 million annually.

The New Caledonia national under-20 football team is the national U-20 team of New Caledonia and is controlled by the New Caledonian Football Federation.

The local amateur football team Doune Castle A.F.C. play in the Caledonian Amateur Football League. The local cricket team play in the Strathmore & Perthshire Cricket Union.

In the final SPL game of 2008–09 for Falkirk, Higdon scored the winning goal to save Falkirk from relegation and thus relegating Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

Opened by the Caledonian Railway, it became part of the London Midland and Scottish Railway during the Grouping of 1923. It was closed by British Railways.

In common with numerous stations on the Caledonian Railway system, Lochearnhead station was closed as an economy measure between 1 January 1917 and 1 February 1919.

He also enjoyed running, tramping, deerstalking and skydiving. He was also the President of the Auckland Lions Club and President of the Auckland Caledonian Dancing Society.

The New Caledonia national under-23 football team is the national U-23 team of New Caledonia and is controlled by the New Caledonian Football Federation.

Wyness holds the Inverness Caledonian Thistle scoring record, with a total of 101 goals. He netted his 100th goal for Inverness against his first club, Aberdeen.

The station opened on 1 August 1879 by the Caledonian Railway. It closed on 30 April 1962. The platforms survive and the trackbed became a footpath.

Thémereau resigned on July 24, 2007.Cooney, Campbell. "New Caledonian President quits", ABC News, 07-24-2007. She was succeeded in the Congress by Pascal Vittori.

AS Magenta is a New Caledonian football team playing at the top level. It is based in Nouméa. Their home stadium is Stade Numa-Daly Magenta.

The Glasgow, Bothwell, Hamilton and Coatbridge Railway systemThe boom in coal and iron in the Monklands was massive, but as years passed, the best seams began to be worked out, and discoveries were made further south; the general area around Hamilton was found to be especially fruitful, and once again the Caledonian Railway found itself well placed to handle the traffic: it already had a line to Hamilton, and branches from that line and from Motherwell gave access to many pits; the smelting and other finishing activities still took place in the Monklands, so that much mineral traffic went to that area from the pits around Hamilton. The Caledonian Railway had a monopoly of this lucrative traffic, but further pits were opening, and the Caledonian had priorities elsewhere. At the same time the pit owners resented the monopoly of the Caledonian over the pits that were connected.

ILG launched its first takeover bid, which valued British Caledonian Group at £36 million, in May 1986. (That bid materialised after several rounds of inconclusive talks exploring ways of combining the short-haul businesses of Air Europe and British Caledonian (BCal) in a new joint venture, which had taken place between ILG and British Caledonian Group since the end of 1985.) At the time BCal's senior management dismissed ILG's bid as "derisory" because it valued the entire British Caledonian Group's assets far below their minimum expectations. ILG decided to launch a new counter bid for the entire British Caledonian Group at the end of July 1987, following British Airways' outright rejection of ILG chairman Harry Goodman's offer to purchase BCal's short-haul operation for a fair price and to merge that operation with the short-haul operations of ILG subsidiary Air Europe, in return for not having the proposed BA-BCal deal referred to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission (MMC). Air Europe was concerned that a new entity combining BA and BCal had the power to destroy the UK's remaining independent airlines, especially with regard to their ability to compete with such a behemoth.

The site covers 1531 ha, and was acquired by the RSPB in 1997. The RSPB are working to restore Caledonian Forest, for the benefit of Black Grouse.

Thomas Albert Hagen (13 December 1919 – 24 June 1985) was a New Caledonian politician. He served in the General Council and Territorial Assembly from 1953 to 1967.

USC Nouméa is a New Caledonian football team playing at the New Caledonia Second Level. It is based in Nouméa. Their home stadium is Stade Numa-Daly.

Kai Alexander Kennedy (born 28 March 2002) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a winger for Scottish Championship club Inverness Caledonian Thistle, on loan from Rangers.

Legislative elections were held in New Caledonia on 7 December 1958. The result was a victory for the Caledonian Union, which won 18 of the 30 seats.

The drawing for round one took place on Saturday September 20. Caledonian drew a bye to Round 2. Matches to be played on or before October 18.

The station is close to Pentonville Prison and Caledonian Park, the site of the former Victorian Metropolitan Cattle Market, is a short distance away on Market Road.

During the Caledonian orogeny the crater was buried under a several kilometre thick mountain chain. The overlaying mountains were later eroded, and the crater was again exposed.

It was restored by the Port Lincoln Caledonian Society in 1972. Both the homestead ruins and the eating house are listed on the South Australian Heritage Register.

Loch Ness Football Club is a Scottish football club playing in the North Caledonian Football League currently based in the city of Inverness in the Scottish Highlands.

Opened by the Caledonian Railway, it became part of the London Midland and Scottish Railway during the Grouping of 1923 and was then closed by that company.

The Scottish Transport Group was also formed at the beginning of 1969. It combined the state-owned Scottish Bus Group and Caledonian Steam Packet Company shipping line.

Inverness Athletic Football Club is a Scottish football club playing in the North Caledonian Football League currently based in the city of Inverness in the Scottish Highlands.

Matthew Cooper (born 1 July 1994) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays for Elgin City, as a defender. He began his career with Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

The first Class 73/9 hauled stock movement for the Caledonian Sleeper contract came when 73966 worked 5B26, the lowland sleeper empties from Edinburgh Waverley to Polmadie.

Dick Ukeiwé (13 December 1928 – 3 September 2013) was a New Caledonian politician. Born in Lifou, France, he represented the island in the French Senate from 1983 until 1992, and was a member of the Rally for the Republic. He served as President of the Congress of New Caledonia from 1985 to 1988.Le Congrès du territoire - Le président His son, Bernard Ukeiwé (1953–2008), was also a New Caledonian politician.

Bunillidh Thistle joined the North Caledonian League in the early 1970s, where they competed until their withdrawal at the end of the 2008–09 season. They enjoyed their most successful period in the mid 1980s, winning the league championship on two occasions, first in 1982–83 and again in 1988–89. In 2017, the club were reformed and readmitted to the North Caledonian League ahead of the 2017–18 season.

Caledonian Railway Single No. 123 is a preserved Scottish steam locomotive. The unique 4-2-2 was built by Neilson and Company in 1886, works No. 3553, as an exhibition locomotive. In 1914 it was placed on the Caledonian Railway duplicate list, and renumbered 1123. It entered London, Midland and Scottish Railway service in 1923 and the LMS renumbered it 14010 and gave it the power classification 1P.

Other roads are secondary B roads, narrow roads or tracks. At Colintraive the Caledonian MacBrayne vehicle ferry takes five minutes to cross the strait to Rhubodach on Bute. The ferry from Portavadie to Tarbert on Kintyre across Loch Fyne takes 25 minutes. A service operated by Caledonian MacBrayne connects Dunoon to Gourock in Inverclyde where there is easy access the Abellio ScotRail train service to Glasgow Central railway station.

In 1968, Bristow took over from Laker as the chairman of independent airline British United Airways. After leading the 1970 merger with Caledonian Airways to form British Caledonian, he then returned to chair Bristow Helicopters. A keen equestrian, Bristow represented Great Britain at four-in-hand carriage driving with the Duke of Edinburgh. In the late 1980s, he developed an, ultimately unsuccessful, driverless urban rapid transit system called Briway.

Henri Lafleur (1902 – 1974) was a New Caledonian politician. A member of the Senate of France from 1959 until 1974, he sat as an Independent Republican. He was elected to the General Assembly in the 1946–47 elections, and was subsequently elected as the New Caledonian member of the Council of the Republic. He did not contest the 1953 elections, but was re-elected to the renamed Territorial Assembly in 1957.

Causal reasoning is not unique to humans; animals are often able to use causal information as cues for survival. Rats are able to generalize causal cues to gain food rewards. Animals such as rats can learn the mechanisms required for a reward by reasoning about what could elicit a reward (Sawa, 2009). New Caledonian Crow (Corvus moneduloides) New Caledonian crows have been studied for their ability to reason about causal events.

Reasons for the species' rarity are unknown. There seems to have been a marked decline in the numbers of two of the other three parrots native to New Caledonia (the New Caledonian red-crowned parakeet and the horned parakeet. Deplanche's lorikeet is still common), also for unknown reasons. New Caledonian bird populations decline wherever habitat is modified, which supports the hypotheses that human interference impacts the birds in a serious way.

Mondays to Saturdays, there are three services to Oban and Mallaig and one service to Fort William (Highland Caledonian Sleeper) northbound. Southbound, there are four services to Glasgow Queen Street (three on Saturdays) and one service to London Euston (Highland Caledonian Sleeper does not run on Saturday). On Sundays, there is just one train northbound to Oban and Mallaig and two trains southbound to Glasgow Queen Street and London Euston.

Rowan was born on 4 October 1855.Archie Rowan's gravestone, Cathcart Cemetery He played club football for Caledonian, Third Lanark and Queen's Park, and made two appearances for Scotland. He later served on the committee at Queen's Park, and was elected president once and chairman twice. Rowan was also a cricketer (playing for the Caledonian Cricket Club and the West of Scotland Cricket Club) golfer and billiard player.

Locomotive 78046 calls at Colinton station with Scottish Rambler No4 in April 1965 The Balerno line was a short loop railway in Scotland. It was some 6 miles in length leaving the main Caledonian Edinburgh to Carstairs line at Slateford in Edinburgh. It was built by the Caledonian Railway (CR) mainly to service the many enterprises situated along the upper Water of Leith. However, passenger trains also ran.

The competition features 70 teams from the Lowland Football League (16), East of Scotland Football League (39), South of Scotland Football League (14), as well as SFA member club Glasgow University of the Caledonian Amateur Football League. The reserve teams of Stirling University, Caledonian Braves, and Stranraer do not take part. The draw is unseeded, with matches proceeding to extra time and penalties if they are tied after 90 minutes.

The New Caledonian parakeet (Cyanoramphus saisseti) or New Caledonian red- crowned parakeet, is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is endemic to New Caledonia. The species was once considered to be conspecific with the red-fronted parakeet of New Zealand but is now considered a full species and is known to be the basal species in the genus Cyanoramphus, which had its origins in New Caledonia.

The Forfar and Brechin Railway was promoted as a possible alternative main line to part of the Caledonian Railway route between Perth and Aberdeen. It was opened in 1895, having been sold while incomplete to the Caledonian Railway. The hopes to become a main line were never realised and it remained a purely local concern. Its low traffic volumes led to early closure to passengers in 1952 and completely in 1967.

Södra Sytertoppen in the foreground and Norra Sytertoppen in the background. Vindelfjällen is part of the Scandinavian Alps, reminiscent of the Caledonian belt. The latter is also the origin of the mountains of Scotland, Ireland, Greenland and Svalbard. The Caledonian orogeny is the era associated with the collision of Laurentia and Baltica plates peak between 420 and 400 MYA, with the disappearance of the Iapetus Ocean by subduction.

Melanesian settlement on Grande Terre dates back at least as far as the Lapita culture. However, the origin of Kanak people is unclear. Obsidian transported from New Guinea was found with the earliest New Caledonian Lapita pottery. In addition, some researchers have claimed there is evidence of New Caledonian human habitation dating from 3000 BC (predating Lapita culture by 1500 years), while others claim to have found pre-Lapita pottery.

Glasgow Caledonian University GAC (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Ollscoile Chailleannacht Ghlaschú) is the university Gaelic Football club representing Glasgow Caledonian University. The club was established by the university's Irish Student Society in 2007 and formed a link up with local club Tir Conaill Harps. The club competed in the British University Gaelic football Championship in 2008 but was forced to withdraw from the 2009 tournament after it was postponed.

The Caledonian Railway main line in Scotland connected Glasgow and Edinburgh with Carlisle, via Carstairs and Beattock. It was opened in 1847 by the Caledonian Railway. The approach to Glasgow used railways already built, primarily for mineral traffic; these were later by-passed by a more direct route. Today, the route forms the northern section of the West Coast Main Line, and was electrified in the early 1970s.

Twelve teams participated in the 2010–11 season, eleven of which competed in the 2009–10 season. Inverness Caledonian Thistle was promoted from the 2009–10 First Division.

Thurso Football Club are a senior football club from Thurso in Caithness, Scotland. They play in the North Caledonian Football League and are based at Sir George's Park.

Neptune's Staircase on the Caledonian Canal is looked after by Scottish Canals. The following are public bodies of the Scottish Government, with notes on their areas of responsibility.

James Russell Garth (1 May 1922 – June 1972) was a Scottish footballer who played for Drumchapel Amateurs, Greenock Morton, Preston North End, Clyde, Raith Rovers and Inverness Caledonian .

The E&GR; itself was taken over by the North British Railway on 1 August 1865. The Scottish Central Railway was absorbed by the Caledonian Railway in 1865.

The 2016 issues are volume 29. Dr Jon Sutton, who joined the Society in March 2000, from a psychology lectureship at Glasgow Caledonian University, is the Managing Editor.

Bridge of Dun is a privately owned station in Angus. The adjacent platforms and line are independently operated as a preserved railway by the Caledonian Railway (Brechin) Ltd.

Robert Clark also acquired a majority shareholding in the Inverness-based Caledonian Associated Cinemas Ltd, Scotland's biggest exhibition chain, and remained Chairman of this group until his death.

Islington North: Finsbury Park, Highbury East, Highbury West, Hillrise, Junction, Mildmay, St George's, Tollington. Islington South and Finsbury: Barnsbury, Bunhill, Caledonian, Canonbury, Clerkenwell, Holloway, St Mary's, St Peter's.

Nearby places include Islington, St. Pancras and Finsbury. Pentonville is not the location of HM Prison Pentonville, which is located on Caledonian Road, some distance north in Barnsbury.

Mniarogekko chahoua, like all of the New Caledonian geckos, are omnivores. Their diet in the wild consists of various insects and fruits. They may also consume small lizards.

The Caledonian Sleeper rolling stock was not treated with the Transport Scotland livery as it was transferred to a separate franchise operated by Serco on 1 April 2015.

The neighbouring golf courses are world-renowned. In 2008, it was revealed that Caledonian Crescent and another street in Auchterarder had the most expensive house prices in Scotland.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. in their 12th season in Scottish football competing in the Scottish Premier League, Scottish League Cup and the Scottish Cup in season 2005–06.

McNaughton signed for Inverness Caledonian Thistle during the 2016 close season. In August 2016, McNaughton suffered an achilles injury. He retired from football in July 2017, aged 34.

The South Province (French province Sud) is one of three administrative subdivisions in New Caledonia. It corresponds to the southern and southwestern portion of the New Caledonian mainland.

133 The army command may have resented Domitian's decision to retreat, but to him the Caledonian territories never represented anything more than a loss to the Roman treasury.

In 1845 the Caledonian Railway was authorised to construct a line from both Glasgow and Edinburgh to Carlisle, crossing the Southern Uplands at Beattock Summit, above sea level.

However, further testing revealed that Ixerba was closely related to the New Caledonian genus Strasburgeria and it was assigned to the Strasburgeriaceae by the APG III in 2009.

The size of the completed station was therefore a symbol of the might of the North British, and an indication to the Caledonian of its dominance in Leith.

Caledonian Brewery is a Scottish brewery founded in 1869 in Edinburgh, primarily specialising in Scottish ale. Between 2004 and 2008, the brewery was bought by Scottish and Newcastle.

The total fleet value was estimated at £130m in 2017. and ceased operation with Caledonian MacBrayne in early 2018, and are now no longer part of the fleet.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. in their 13th season in Scottish football competing in the Scottish Premier League, Scottish League Cup and the Scottish Cup in season 2006–07.

Orkney Football Club is a senior association football club from the Orkney Islands, Scotland. The club was founded in 2012 and competes in the North Caledonian Football League.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. in their 11th season in Scottish football competed in the Scottish Premier League, Scottish League Cup and the Scottish Cup in season 2004–05.

Enneapterygius paucifasciatus, the New Caledonian striped triplefin or reticulate triplefin, is a species of triplefin blenny in the genus Enneapterygius. It was described by Ronald Fricke in 1994.

Of the original teams, two are still playing in the league today (Clachnacuddin and Forres Mechanics) and two merged to become current Scottish League club Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

Paul Poatinda (born 7 December 1978) is a New Caledonian retired international footballer who played as a forward. He represented New Caledonia at the 2003 South Pacific Games.

To get access to Glasgow, the Caledonian secured agreement from the Wishaw and Coltness Railway and the Glasgow Garnkirk and Coatbridge Railway to use their lines for the approach to the city. The Caledonian took a lease of the Wishaw and Coltness from 1 January 1847, guaranteeing 10.5% on the W&C; capitalisation of £240,000. (Agreement to lease the GG&CR; had been obtained a year earlier at 8%.)David Ross, The Caledonian: Scotland's Imperial Railway: A History, Stenlake Publishing Limited, Catrine, 2014, For the time being the Caledonian used the GG&CR; Townhead terminus in Glasgow, but soon extended to a new terminal at Glasgow, Buchanan Street. Parts of the Wishaw and Coltness routes remain in use at the present day: the section from the original Motherwell station, just south-east of the present-day station, to Garriongill Junction, and the section from Whifflet to Mossend South Junction follows the original construction.

The Caledonian Railway at first used the services of various early private operators of Clyde steamers, then began operating steamers on its own account on 1 January 1889 to compete better with the North British Railway and the Glasgow and South Western Railway. It extended its line to bypass the G&SW;'s Prince's Pier at Greenock and continue on to the fishing village of Gourock, where they had purchased the harbour. After years of fierce competition between all the fleets, the Caledonian and G&SW; were merged in 1923 into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and their fleets were amalgamated into the Caledonian Steam Packet Company. Their funnels were painted yellow with a black top.

Monday to Saturday, northbound, Rannoch has three services to Mallaig and one service to Fort William (Highland Caledonian Sleeper). Southbound, there are three services to Glasgow Queen Street and one service to London Euston (Highland Caledonian Sleeper, Saturdays excepted). The sleeper also carries seated coaches and can therefore be used by regular passengers to/from Edinburgh Waverley and Glasgow Queen Street (Low Level) as it is booked to pick up/set down at both stations. On Sundays, there is just one service northbound to Mallaig all year, plus a second between May and late October; one service southbound to Glasgow Queen Street (two in summer) and one service (Highland Caledonian Sleeper) to London Euston.

The Caledonian headboard The Caledonian was a British express passenger train of the 1950s and 1960s running between and , up in the morning, due into London in mid-afternoon, and down in the afternoon, with a Glasgow arrival in the late evening. It was operated by the London Midland Region of British Railways and was non-stop between and London. Coronation pacific 46240 City of Coventry with The Caledonian at Carlisle in 1957 The service was introduced on 17 June 1957 and ran as a named express until 4 September 1964. It ran daily, although for the summer of 1958 there was a trial of running it twice daily, with morning and afternoon services in each direction.

Christie rejoined Caledonian in 1989, in the combined role of player and commercial manager. In 1994, when Inverness Thistle and Caledonian merged to form Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Christie joined the new club, where he combined his playing role with running the Centenary Club lottery. Initially he played as a striker, before eventually moving back to a midfield role. He was the only player to play for Caley Thistle during all of the club's first ten seasons and played in many of the club's most memorable games during this period, including the 3-1 Scottish Cup defeat of Celtic on 8 February 2000, his performance in this game earning him the sponsor's Man of the Match award.

By July 1847 the L&CR; had advanced £56,490 on the station, and the Caledonian had only paid in £5,000. It was not until 1854, when the station works had cost £178,324, that the Caledonian Railway then paid £85,391 as its portion. This great leniency of the L&CR; over a long and difficult period was probably motivated by the desire that the Caledonian Railway should emerge as a vigorous partner in the Anglo-Scottish trade. The level crossing of the N&CR; Canal Branch was hardly appropriate for a main line railway, and on 7 July 1877 a new L&CR; alignment came into use carrying the main line over the Canal Branch, which was itself realigned.

In 1890 there was bitter competition between the North British Railway and the Caledonian Railway, for the traffic northwards from central Scotland. When the railways of Great Britain were nationalised in 1948, they were brought under unified management, and the loss of traffic to road-based alternatives caused an examination of what were then duplicate routes. Naturally the Forth and Tay bridges continued in use, and the North British Railway route between them became the main line to Aberdeen, at the expense of the Caledonian Railway route via Strathmore. However the North British Railway route from Edinburgh to Perth via Cowdenbeath, Kinross and Glenfarg was closed, the Caledonian line via Falkirk and Stirling becoming the sole route.

It was opened in July 1850 by the Caledonian and Dumbartonshire Junction Railway on their line from (on the north bank of the River Clyde) to .Caledonian & Dumbartonshire Junction Railway Crawford, Ewan Railscot; Retrieved 21 July 2016 Through running to Glasgow didn't commence until 1858, when the Glasgow, Dumbarton and Helensburgh Railway was opened; prior to this travellers had to transfer to steamships at Bowling to continue their journey southwards. The C&DJR; subsequently became part of the North British Railway, but from 1896 was jointly managed by the NBR and Caledonian Railway as the Dumbarton and Balloch Joint Railway. The line through the station used to be double, but was reduced to single track around 1986.

Under LMS ownership they were transferred to the former Caledonian Railway shed at Carlisle Kingmoor, after which they were also used on runs over the Caledonian Main Line and occasionally the Settle-Carlisle Line. As new LMS 'Crab' 2-6-0s took over their duties in the early 1930s most were displaced from Kingmoor to various LMS sheds throughout Scotland, with some even operating from Inverness for a time. In addition to their fuel economy, the type had the significant advantage that unlike most G&SWR; locomotives it was possible to fit a Caledonian Railway type boiler. This saved them from being withdrawn by the LMS as non-standard as soon as their boilers became due for replacement.

Cal Air International was initially conceived in early 1982 after the sudden demise of Laker Airways which had left a large gap in the UK Inclusive tour/charter market. The airline was a joint set up between British Caledonian and the Rank Organisation which already had its interests firmly established in the travel industry with its own tour operators: Blue Sky Travel/Holidays, Wings Holidays, Ellerman Travel and OSL Holidays. The airline was initially named 'British Caledonian Charter' with exactly the same livery as its parent company British Caledonian. Two ex Laker Airways/Skytrain DC-10-10s were acquired along with many highly experienced ex Laker Airways Pilots, Flight Engineers and Cabin Crew.

Caledonian schist and gneiss form a hard cap at the top of Saivaara (a mountain in Enontekiö) covering the sedimentary rocks of the lower part of the mountain The youngest rocks in Finland are those found near Kilpisjärvi in Enontekiö (the northwesternmost part of the country's northwestern arm).Puustinen, K., Saltikoff, B. and Tontti, M. (2000) Metallic Mineral Deposits Map of Finland, 1:1 million, Espoo, Geological Survey of Finland These rocks belong to the Scandinavian Caledonides that assembled in Paleozoic times. During the Caledonian orogeny Finland was likely a sunken foreland basin covered by sediments; subsequent uplift and erosion would have eroded all of these sediments. In Finland, Caledonian nappes overlie shield rocks of Archean age.

A senior Scottish FA registered competition, the North Caledonian League is an annual league competition which runs from September to April, with teams playing each other both home and away with the champion determined after all games have been played. Over the years, the North Caledonian League has often been characterized by the number of clubs who have used it as a 'stepping-stone' to the professional ranks of Scottish football. Among those to have 'graduated' from the league are Rothes, Wick Academy and Fort William who left to join the Highland Football League as well as the reserve teams of the Scottish Football League clubs Inverness Caledonian Thistle and Ross County.

Opened by a small local independent company, the Dumfries, Lochmaben and Lockerby Junction Railway (DL&LJR;), when it opened the line between and on 1 September 1863.Butt (1995), page 147 The line was operated by the Caledonian from the outset, and in 1865 the DL&LJR; was amalgamated into the Caledonian Railway by Act of Parliament. It was then used by the Caledonian as a strategic link to access Nithsdale and the Portpatrick line by running powers over the Glasgow and South Western Railway (GSWR).Thomas & Paterson (1984), page 151 In its early days Lochmaben station had a single platform on the south west side of the running line with a goods yard behind the platform.

Cédric Sansot, also written as Cédrick (born 13 April 1989) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Hienghène Sport in the New Caledonia Super Ligue.

Hawthornden Castle Fellowship Recent restoration work has used reclaimed stone available from the demolished Caledonian Railway station in Edinburgh. The castle and caves are a Category A listed building.

The last ever Caledonian game was against Huntly on Saturday 14 May 1994 at Christie Park, Huntly. The match ended 1–1 with Wilson Robertson scoring the Caley goal.

The Caledonian train had got in 16 minutes earlier – with only four carriages. Page 4. Quoting a "Special correspondent of the Times" writing on 20 (and 21) August 1895.

In 2002, Phil was appointed MBE for services to Scottish music. He was awarded an honorary Doctor of Letters, at Glasgow Caledonian University's graduation ceremony on 27 November 2007.

Malmö Devilants came fourth in Union Cup 2007. Beating NOP Amsterdam 20–10 before losing to Cardiff Lions (5–35), Emerald Warriors (5–60) and Caledonian Thebans (15–20).

The club struggles to compete for players with the wide proliferation of football clubs in Inverness, in particular Inverness Caledonian Thistle but still manages to put out two teams.

Sylvie Robineau (born May 23, 1956 in Dakar) is a New Caledonian politician. She has served in the Congress of New Caledonia as a member of The Rally-UMP.

Marianne Devaux (born October 27, 1962 in Nouméa) is a New Caledonian politician. She has served in the Congress of New Caledonia as a member of The Rally-UMP.

Keddie holds an honours degree in Chartered Surveying from Glasgow Caledonian University, and after leaving full-time football in 2012, opened a barber shop in Glasgow with his sister.

The New Caledonian leopard skink (Lacertoides pardalis) is a species of skink monotypic in the genus Lacertoides. It is endemic to New Caledonia."Lacertoides pardalis ". The Reptile Database. www.

Galt then returned to London and married Elizabeth Tilloch, daughter of Alexander Tilloch. They had three boys. In 1815, he became Secretary of the Royal Caledonian Asylum in London.

Greenock Morton announced on 22 February that they had agreed to sign Baird on an emergency loan from Inverness Caledonian Thistle for the rest of the 2017–18 season.

In 1849, they supplied one of 2-2-2 formation for use on the Caledonian and Dumbartonshire Junction Railway, which later became part of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway.

They were formed and admitted to the North Caledonian Football Association in May 2016. In the Summer of 2017, the club were awarded the SFA Quality Mark 'Standard' award.

He was part of the Royal Caledonian Curling Club team which won the first Olympic Gold medal in curling at the inaugural Winter Olympics in Chamonix, France, in 1924.

Inverness Rowing Club is a rowing club on the Caledonian Canal next to the River Ness based at Torvean, Inverness, Scottish Highlands. The club is affiliated to Scottish Rowing.

Lanarkshire VII.14 (Bothwell; Glasgow; Old Monkland) Publication date:1913. Revised:1910. Levelled:1910 The line to the west cut over the Caledonian Railway's Rutherglen and Coatbridge Railway line.

Rose Wélépa (born 19 January 1986) is a New Caledonian Paralympic athlete who competes in discus throw, javelin throw and shot put events representing France in international level events.

The Canterbury Caledonian Society Pipe Band is a grade one pipe band based in Christchurch, New Zealand. The band's Pipe Major is Jamie Hawke; lead drummer is Brayden Drummond.

"Summer Timetables". Caledonian MacBrayne. Retrieved 5 February 2011. Private companies operate services from Arran to Holy Isle and from McInroy's Point (Gourock) to Hunter's Quay on the Cowal peninsula.

The Caledonian was receptive to the SCR approach, no doubt preferring that the SCR should ally itself with it rather than the hostile E&GR;, and offered the SCR the option of joint ownership of the GG&CR.; Fearing too close a relationship with the Caledonian, the SCR refused the offer. For the time being it had no assured route to Glasgow. Interest had arisen in a line serving Callander, branching from the Scottish Central.

During the construction period, the Company decided to extend the line to Peebles, which was an important Burgh. The extension was clearly prompted by the Caledonian Railway, and they advanced £6,000 for the Parliamentary deposit, and promised to subscribe 20% of the extension's capital cost of £75,000. It was agreed that when the line was open to Peebles, the Caledonian would purchase the line at cost. The extension was authorised on 3 July 1860.

The funnel of Caledonian MacBrayne (), usually shortened to CalMac, is the major operator of passenger and vehicle ferries, and ferry services, between the mainland of Scotland and 22 of the major islands on Scotland's west coast. Since 2006 the company's official name has been CalMac Ferries Ltd although it still operates as Caledonian MacBrayne. In 2006 it also became a subsidiary of holding company David MacBrayne, which is owned by the Scottish Government.

On 31 August 2011, Chippendale joined Scottish Premier League side Inverness Caledonian Thistle on loan until January 2012. He made his debut for Inverness on 10 September 2011 as an 81st-minute substitute against Hearts at the Caledonian Stadium in a 1–1 draw. He returned to Huddersfield on 9 January after his loan expired. He left Huddersfield club in June 2012, after not being offered a new contract by manager Simon Grayson.

Bain (2013) lists 38 ancient pinewood sites in Britain which have been identified as the most genuinely native and natural. All of them occur in the Scottish Highlands. The Caledonian Pinewood Inventory breaks these down into 84 smaller sub-units of the main sites. In March 2019, as part of the implementation of the Forestry and Land Management (Scotland) Act 2018, the Scottish Government listed 84 sites as Caledonian pinewood in regulations, given below.

This may have been an optimistic publicity statement. The authorised capital needed to be extended (by Act of 19 June 1882) in order to allow an extension to the Caledonian Railway's Beattock station: the original intention was to join the railway some distance north of the station, but the modification resulted in the line running parallel with the Caledonian Railway main line to the Beattock station. The line opened on 2 April 1883.

The area contains many tenements as well as "Diggers" pub, so called because the gravediggers from the large graveyard in the Ardmillan-Dalry area would go in there after work. Another pub in the area, the Caledonian Sample Room, is often mistakenly assumed to be owned by the nearby Caledonian Brewery (actually it is owned by Punch Taverns). Ardmillan has two churches. The first is St Michael's Parish Church, which is an ecumenical church.

The Black Wood of Rannoch, a fragment of the former Caledonian Forest, lies on the southern shore of Loch Rannoch. It is designated as a Special Area of Conservation (SAC), and is the largest remaining area of Caledonian Forest in Perth and Kinross. The forest supports a number of rare plants including species such as coralroot Corallorhiza trifida and serrated wintergreen Orthilia secunda. It also supports populations of Scottish crossbill and capercaillie.

Joining the Caledonian Railway, the L&AR; was absorbed into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway during the Grouping of 1923. The station was renamed Ardrossan North on 2 June 1924. Other alternative names for the station were Ardrossan Montgomerie Street and Ardrossan Caledonian. The station closed to regular passenger services on 4 July 1932, however it was reopened for a time within two years when a special return fare price was introduced.

Glasgow Caledonian University (informally GCU, Caledonian or Caley) is a public university in Glasgow, Scotland. It was formed in 1993 by the merger of The Queen's College, Glasgow (founded in 1875) and Glasgow Polytechnic (founded in 1971). In June 2017, the university's New York partner institution, which was founded in 2013, was granted permission to award degrees in the state, the first higher education institution founded by a foreign university to achieve this status.

Bromfield was a railway station which served Bromfield, a small settlement in Cumbria on the English side of the Solway Firth. The station opened in 1873 by the Caledonian Railway on a line constructed from the Caledonian Railway Main Line at Kirtlebridge across the Glasgow South Western Line, then forming the Solway Junction Railway over the Solway Viaduct to Brayton. The line opened in 1869 and freight has run from it since 13 September 1869.

The southern group of rocks and Ruadh Sgeir are formed from potassium-feldspar-phyric monzogranite intruded as part of the Caledonian Igneous Supersuite towards the end of the Caledonian orogeny (late Silurian to early Devonian period) and form an outlying part of the Ross of Mull pluton. Dearg Sgeir and Torr an t-Saothaid are monzogranite to granodiorite and hybridised with diorite enclaves. Na Torrain and McPhail's Anvil are formed from equigranular biotite monzogranite.

The Caledonian Railway 191 Class were 4-6-0 passenger engines designed by William Pickersgill and built in 1922 by the North British Locomotive Company. The class was intended for use on the Callander and Oban line, to augment the 55 Class 4-6-0s and replace elderly 179 Class 4-4-0s, and they were thus known as the New Oban Bogies, however, they were also used on other Caledonian lines.

In February 2019, the stadium was renamed the "Caledonian Stadium" after long- time sponsors Tulloch gifted the stadium to the club. In 2007, the club added a very small stand opposite the Main Stand - called the West Stand. It has a capacity of around 400 and was initially intended to be a 'singing section'. The highest football attendance recorded at the Caledonian Stadium is 7,753, set on 20 January 2008 against Rangers.

However, relationships among New Caledonian species remain difficult to elucidate even if their relatively recent origin is confirmed by phylogeny based on combination of plastid and nuclear data, and the use of molecular clock. While this study seems to corroborate with overwater dispersal consecutively to the submersion of New Caledonia, New Caledonian Araucaria species seems too old to originate from one single dispersal from Australia to Norfolk Island, and then to New Caledonia.

This was preceded on 6 August 1897 when the Paisley and Barrhead District Railway was authorised. It was nominally independent, but friendly to the Caledonian, and was intended as a competitive response to the G&SWR; route. It was to be a complex system amounting to over 12 miles (20 km), making several linkages with existing lines. It was supported by the Caledonian Railway: £132,000 of the £188,000 capital was provided by the larger company.

MV Argyle being prepared to enter service in 2007. The Caledonian MacBrayne fleet is the largest fleet of car and passenger ferries in the United Kingdom, with 34 units in operation and another 2 under construction. The company provides lifeline services to 23 islands off the west coast of Scotland, as well as operating routes in the Firth of Clyde. Caledonian MacBrayne (Calmac) vessels can be readily identified by their black hulls and white superstructures.

Allan Andrew Colin Smart (born 8 July 1974) is a Scottish football manager and former player who most recently managed Southern Football League club Daventry Town, where he also briefly served as club chairman. In a 16-year playing career, Smart appeared as a Striker for Caledonian, Caledonian Thistle, Preston North End, Carlisle United, Northampton Town, Watford, Hibernian, Stoke City, Oldham Athletic, Dundee United, Crewe Alexandra, Milton Keynes Dons, Bury, Portadown, Burscough and Southport.

This article describes the Caledonian Railway from its conception down to the year 1850. In the 1830s and 1840s much thought was given to building a railway from central Scotland to join the growing English railway network. The hilly terrain and sparse population of the Southern Uplands made the choice of route contentious. The Caledonian Railway succeeded in opening its line by way of a summit at Beattock in 1847 and 1848.

A compromise temporary arrangement was agreed in early October 1848. With the opening of the Scottish Midland Junction Railway main line on 20 August 1848, a through route from Dundee to London was available. The line was to be leased jointly to the Caledonian and the E&GR.; The Caledonian and the E&GR; had agreed to lease the Scottish Central Railway (which itself held leases of other companies), but Parliamentary authority was required.

This article traces the Caledonian Railway branches in South Lanarkshire. South Lanarkshire contained a huge resource of coal reserves, and the collieries needed an efficient transport medium to get the mineral to market. The Caledonian Railway, in association with friendly independent promoters, generated a network of lines in South Lanarkshire. New lines were constructed right up to 1905, but in the subsequent decades the coal extraction declined and the railway activity with it.

The most important events in the geolocical evolution of the North Sea are outlined as: # Precambrian events - formation of Highlands and basement elements. # The Caledonian plate cycle - Late Cambrian to Late Silurian Athollian and Caledonian Orogenies. # The Variscan plate cycle - Devono-Carboniferous rifting, Variscan Orogency, and creation of the Pangaea supercontinent. # Permo-Triassic rifting and thermal subsidence - Late Permian subsidence of the Moray Firth and east-west trending of the Permian Basin.

These in turn would have become ordinary shares following greater market liberalisation.Aircraft (Gone but not forgotten ... BRITISH CALEDONIAN), Vol 42, No 12, p. 44, Ian Allan Publishing, Hersham, December 2009 The SAS executives discussed these ideas with BCal's senior management and the unions representing its staff at the British Caledonian Group's Crawley headquarters as well as with Government officials in London.BCal choice rests with 3i, World News, Flight International, 19 December 1987, p.

Later bought by Ultra Electronics ;Ferranti Thomson Sonar Systems: A 50% share was acquired by GEC-Marconi. Now owned by Thales and renamed Thales Underwater Systems. ;Ferranti Helicopters: Acquired by British Caledonian Airways in April 1979 to become British Caledonian Helicopters which was in turn acquired by Bristow Helicopters in 1987 ;Ferranti Subsea Systems: Management buyout in the early 1990s, renamed FSSL. Kværner bought more shares in 1994 and then turned to Kværner FSSL.

The deed of agreement to sell the Company to the Caledonian Railway was executed on 7 May 1901, and it took effect (after Parliamentary approval) on 1 August 1902. During the period awaiting the final approval, a contract was let for the extension to Lochearnhead, with Caledonian money. Unfortunately the contractor died suddenly during the construction, throwing the progress of the work into confusion. At length a new contractor was found to resume the works.

The Caledonian Railway subscribed £82,000 to the building of the line, but the majority of the capital was readily subscribed by industrialists in the area to be served; efficient and convenient transport was essential to the heavy industries. The Caledonian agreed to work the line for 4% of the capital. Work on construction started on 6 October 1891. On 26 November 1894 the line opened for goods between Maryhill and Balornock Junction.

Share subscription proceeded satisfactorily, but on 22 November 1882 the company asked the Caledonian to agree to a proposal to construct only the eastern arm of the circle, "due to a lack of support in the district". This meant building only the section from Cathcart Junction via Queens Park and Mount Florida to Cathcart. The Caledonian agreed to this.From Kernahan, page 16; it seems a remarkably casual way to cancel half the "circle" route.

Although it was the opening day, no ceremony or music was played, nor was the opening advertised with banners. Soon after that first event, the Highland Games began being held at the Basin Reserve. The games were organised by the Wellingtonian Caledonian Society, of which their headquarters, The Caledonian Hotel, still stands towards the south of the Basin Reserve. The society offered up prize money which brought many competitors to the region.

The 2004–2005 Scottish Challenge Cup was the 14th season of the competition, competed for by all 30 members of the Scottish Football League. The defending champions were Inverness Caledonian Thistle, who defeated Airdrie United 2–0 in the 2003 final. Inverness Caledonian Thistle did not compete in the tournament after being promoted to the Scottish Premier League. The final was played on 7 November 2004, between Falkirk and Ross County, at McDiarmid Park, Perth.

The Caledonian Railway (Brechin) Ltd is a private limited company formed by a group of steam railway enthusiasts, the Brechin Railway Preservation Society, with the object of operating a railway service on the former Caledonian Railway line between Brechin and Montrose, Angus, Scotland. This line was built by the Aberdeen Railway in the 1840s. It closed for passenger traffic during the early 1950s with final closure undertaken by British Rail in 1981.

These included the original pair of 399C series 707 aircraft that had been delivered to Caledonian Airways direct from the manufacturer in 1967/68. BCal inaugurated its two transatlantic flagship services from London Gatwick to John F. Kennedy Airport (JFK) on 1 April 1973,Caledonian Western, Flight International, 12 April 1973, p. 568 followed by Gatwick — Los Angeles International a few days later."BCAL starts Atlantic schedules" Flight International, 5 April 1973, p.

These in turn would have become ordinary shares following greater market liberalisation.Aircraft (Gone but not forgotten ... BRITISH CALEDONIAN), Vol 42, No 12, p. 44, Ian Allan Publishing, Hersham, December 2009 The SAS executives discussed these ideas with BCal's senior management and the unions representing its staff at the British Caledonian Group's Crawley headquarters as well as with Government officials in London.BCal choice rests with 3i, World News, Flight International, 19 December 1987, p.

This method of feeding indicates the New Caledonian crow is capable of tool use. They are also able to make hooks. This species is also capable of solving a number of sophisticated cognitive tests which suggest that it is particularly intelligent. As a result of these findings, the New Caledonian crow has become a model species for scientists trying to understand the impact of tool use and manufacture on the evolution of intelligence.

The New Caledonian crow also spontaneously makes tools from materials it does not encounter in the wild. In 2002, researcher Alex Kacelnik and colleagues at the University of Oxford observed of a couple of New Caledonian crows called Betty and Abel: This observation was further investigated in a series of studies. Out of ten successful retrievals, Betty bent the wire into a hook nine times. Abel retrieved the food once, without bending the wire.

In 1847, the railway changed its gauge to the standard 4 ft 8½ in. The Caledonian Railway was being promoted about the same time, with the object of participating in forming a main line route between Central Scotland and Carlisle, connecting there with the English railway trunk network. At the time the Grand Junction Railway was planning an approach from the south to Carlisle. The Caledonian Railway promoters planned an entry through Annandale.

The forest forms part of the wider Abernethy National Nature Reserve. There is approximately 4,000 hectares of forest within the reserve, and just under half of this is native caledonian pine forest. Abernethy Forest is one of the largest remaining remnant of caledonian pine forest in Scotland. The forest is home to a variety of birds and mammals, including Scottish crossbill, red squirrel, wildcat, red deer, black grouse, crested tit and osprey.

"Lamlash" Ayrshireroots.com. Retrieved 20 January 2011. From the 1850s to the late 20th century the Clyde Puffer, made famous by the Vital Spark, was the workhorse of the islands, carrying all kinds of produce and products to and from the islands. The Caledonian Steam Packet Company (CSP) was formed in May 1889 to operate steamer services to and from Gourock for the Caledonian Railway and soon expanded by taking over rival steamer operators.

Elie Emile William Auguste Solier (17 May 1914 – 2 July 1984) was a New Caledonian lawyer and politician. He was a member of the General Council from 1953 to 1957.

The accords also specify a gradual devolution of powers to the local New Caledonian assembly. The referendum's result was that New Caledonia would remain a part of the French Republic.

Olympique de Nouméa is a New Caledonian football team playing at the second level New Caledonia Second Level. It is based in Nouméa. Their home stadium is Stade Numa-Daly.

Sloan was born in Dumfries, Scotland. She went to Glasgow Caledonian University, studying sport and active lifestyle promotion with the help of a Winning Student award. She lives in Stirling.

Bunillidh Thistle Football Club is a senior Scottish football club playing in the North Caledonian Football League based at Couper Park representing the village of Helmsdale in the Scottish Highlands.

Presently they participate in the Caledonian Amateur Football League and other cup competitions. Westerton United (1997) and Baljaffray FC, established 2002, are the most recent new football clubs in Bearsden.

This was put to a Special Shareholders' Meeting on 9 February 1898. The shareholders agreed and the company was vested in the Caledonian Railway by Act of 1 August 1898.

George Brewster went on to play for Lovells Athletic in Wales, Wallasey Athletic, Brooklyn Athletic in New York (March–June 1924), and had a spell as player/manager at Caledonian.

Since he was 12 years old, Skrein has been a swimming coach for Greenwich Leisure Limited working at leisure centres such as Caledonian Road Pool and Gym and Archway Pool.

Canal Park The pitch is on the north west side of Caol. On one side it is bounded by the Caledonian Canal and on the other side is Loch Linnhe.

Shane Sutherland (born 23 October 1990) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a striker for Inverness Caledonian Thistle. Sutherland has also previously played for Elgin City and Peterhead.

Jean-Claude Briault (born 21 August 1947 in Nouméa) is a New Caledonian politician. He has served in the Congress of New Caledonia as a member of The Rally-UMP.

In 1999, Thomas Cook acquired Inspirations and merged Caledonian Airways with Flying Colours to form JMC Air Services, a forerunner of the UK arm of the later Thomas Cook Airlines.

"Leisure: Sports for All". 25 July 2003. Retrieved 2009-05-04. The junction of Andersons Bay Road and Hillside Road, located nearby, is still sometimes referred to as "Caledonian Corner".

Professor Gillies in 2014 Pamela Gillies, CBE, FRSA, FAcSS, FRSE (born 1953) is a Scottish academic and educator, appointed as Principal/Vice-Chancellor of Glasgow Caledonian University in March 2006.

The New Caledonian giant gecko is propagated with captive breeding. Wild populations are protected. This species may live over 20 years in captivity.Guide to the Largest Geckos in the World.

Sleeping suite. Accessible room. Club room. The British Rail Mark 5 is the designation given to locomotive-hauled rail carriages built by Spanish manufacturer CAF for operation with Caledonian Sleeper.

Because there are no commercial trawl fisheries operating within the range of the New Caledonian stingaree, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed it under Least Concern.

PS Caledonia was built by William Denny and Brothers of Dumbarton for the Caledonian Steam Packet Company. She was launched on Thursday 1 February 1934 and completed later that year.

A predominantly white body with a red sash-like diagonal stripe incorporating large "Cal Air" titling. The tail logo had a large British Caledonian style Scottish Lion Rampant in red.

Mackie, a product of the Aberdeen youth system, started his professional career with the club in 1998. He also had a brief loan spell at Inverness Caledonian Thistle in 2004.

In 2000 he was awarded an honorary doctorate of laws from Glasgow Caledonian University. In 2004, he was awarded an honorary doctorate in commercial sciences by the University of Stellenbosch.

In fact the Caledonian Railway absorbed the SCR in 1865, and the work was not completed until 31 August 1868. The original Newtyle station was retained as a goods depot.

Georges Naturel (born November 21, 1955 in Nouméa) is a New Caledonian politician. He has been mayor of Dumbéa since March 21, 2008, and is a member of The Rally–UMP.

Barry John Wilson (born 16 February 1972 in Kirkcaldy) is a Scottish former football player and manager. He is currently a first-team coach at Scottish Championship club Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

In September 1867, an agreement whereby the Caledonian subscribed to £60,000 of 5% preference shares in the Solway Junction and operated the line was ratified by the shareholders of both companies.

During the 2015–16 season, Inverness Caledonian Thistle have used twenty-three different players in competitive games. The table below shows the number of appearances and goals scored by each player.

Barrabé L., Mouly A., Lowry II P. P. & Munzinger J. 2011. — Reinstatement of the endemic New Caledonian genus Thiollierea Montrouz. (Rubiaceae) necessitated by the polyphyly of Bikkia Reinw. as currently circumscribed.

Georgetown railway station was a railway station serving the village of Houston, Renfrewshire, Scotland, originally as part of the Glasgow, Paisley and Greenock Railway and later owned by the Caledonian Railway.

During the 2017–18 season, Inverness Caledonian Thistle have used twenty-four different players in competitive games. The table below shows the number of appearances and goals scored by each player.

Lionel Cherrier (born 17 November 1929 in Nakéty, near Canala) is a New Caledonian politician. He served in the Senate of France from 1974 until 1983, and was an Independent Republican.

Kingsknowe station was opened by the Caledonian Railway on 15 February 1848. It was closed to passenger services by British Railways on 6 July 1964 and reopened on 1 February 1971.

Kalaje Gnipate (born 24 July 1985)Profile is a New Caledonian international footballer for AS Mont-Dore and the New Caledonia national team. He played in the 2012 OFC Nations Cup.

The two routes from central Scotland to Aberdeen were unsustainable and the Caledonian route through Strathmore was closed in 1967; all through trains to Aberdeen now travelled via Dundee and Arbroath.

The Sound is traversed on a regular basis in the summer by a ferry operating between Glenelg and Kylerhea. A Caledonian MacBrayne ferry operates between Mallaig and Armadale throughout the year.

Nathan Austin (born 15 February 1994) is an English professional footballer, who plays as a striker for Kelty Hearts. He has previously played for East Fife, Falkirk and Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

The New Caledonian sea krait (Laticauda saintgironsi) is a species of venomous snake in the subfamily Hydrophiinae of the family Elapidae. The species is native to the waters around New Caledonia.

Caledonian Airways operated 27 aircraft during its 12 years in operation including three McDonnell Douglas DC-10s, seven Lockheed L-1011s, seven Boeing 757s, one Boeing 747 and eight Airbus A320s.

The main basin is considered to be an intramontane basin resulting from crustal rifting associated with post- Caledonian extension, possibly accompanied by strike-slip faulting along the Great Glen Fault system.

The New Caledonian long-eared bat, species Nyctophilus nebulosus, is a vespertilionid bat found in New Caledonia. They are only recorded at Mount Koghis, near Nouméa, and the population is decreasing.

Rock, N.M.S, Gaskarth J.W., Rundle C.C., 1986. Late Caledonian dyke- swarms in southern Scotland: A regional zone of primitive K-rich Lamprophyres and associated vents. Journal of Geology, vol. 94, pp.

The racing at the Caledonian Stadium ended in 1993. Both the football ground and the greyhound stadium have since been demolished and form the west area of a large recreation park.

The Symington, Biggar and Broughton Railway operated initially between 1858 and 1861 between and Peebles (West), with nine stations, including Stobo railway station. Its successor was the Caledonian Railway Main Line.

During the 2016–17 season, Inverness Caledonian Thistle have used twenty-nine different players in competitive games. The table below shows the number of appearances and goals scored by each player.

The Caledonian Railway 944 Class were 4-6-2T passenger tank locomotives designed by William Pickersgill and built in 1917, at the North British Locomotive Company's Hyde Park Works in Glasgow.

The largest and most populous are Arran and Bute, and Great Cumbrae and Holy Island are also served by dedicated ferry routes."Destinations". Caledonian MacBrayne. Retrieved 22 January 2011."Getting Here".

Caledonian lines to Edinburgh on the opening of the Shotts lineThe Wishaw and Coltness Railway had long since opened its line, principally for mineral haulage, reaching as far east as Cleland by way of Holytown, and leased by the Caledonian Railway. In 1869 the line was extended from Cleland to a junction at Midcalder on the Carstairs - Edinburgh line; it ran via Hartwood, Fauldhouse, Addiewell and West Calder. The last two places were already established industrial centres, and shale extraction was a major activity; the industries were now brought in to the Caledonian network. The dominant traffic on the line was to be minerals, and numerous mines, shale pits and works were connected, from the start, or in the immediately succeeding years.

The Balerno railway of the Caledonian RailwayThe main line from Carstairs to Edinburgh ran in a direct line, and approaching Slateford the line ran parallel to, and some distance on the north side of, the Water of Leith. Considerable industrial development took place adjacent to the watercourse: there were three paper mills, two quarries, a salt works and a tannery on the proposed line. On 29 June 1865 the Caledonian obtained Parliamentary authorisation to build a double track railway, the Balerno Branch, from a junction near Slateford, serving the industrial sites. Authorised share capital was £150,000, but when the Caledonian had raised most of the money, other priorities intruded and the cash was spent on other schemes for the time being.

The overnight service was relaunched as the Caledonian Sleeper from 4 June 1996. Each portion had its own identity, with the Night Caledonian to Glasgow, Night Scotsman to Edinburgh, Night Aberdonian to Aberdeen, Royal Highlander to Inverness and West Highlander to Fort William."Caledonian Sleepers relaunched" Rail Privatisation News issue 33 27 June 1996 page 4"Sleeper service relaunch" Rail issue 283 17 July 1996 page 11 On 31 March 1997 it became part of the ScotRail franchise which was initially operated by National Express."ScotRail prize goes to National Express" The Railway Magazine issue 1152 April 1997 page 9 They continued to use the Mark 3 sleeping cars that had been operated by British Rail but did not have suitable locomotives.

Williams' interests in the soft drinks market continued following the termination of his interests in Currie's. In 1992 he set up Caledonian Bottlers in Netherthird, Cumnock."The Friday interview: Fearless Freddie is racing's odds-on favourite", The Scotsman, 2008-04-18 A successful operation, Caledonian bottle premium branded drinks such as Smirnoff Ice. At one time Williams also operated Caledonian Clear, his own premium bottled water brand from the same factory. In April 2002, the Sunday Mail reported Williams as being a “boss from hell”."Fearless Freddie is 'boss from hell' Bottling plant workers slam treatment by bookie owner", Daily Record, 2002-04-03 Following his death, Williams 50,000 shares in the bottling operation were valued at over £4.5 million.

A.G. Cross, Scoto- Russian contacts in the reign of Catherine the great (1762–1796), in The Caledonian Phalanx, 1987 These include Admiral Thomas Gordon, Commander-in- Chief of Kronstadt, Patrick Gordon, Paul Menzies, Samuel Greig, Charles Baird, Charles Cameron, Adam Menelaws and William Hastie. Several doctors to the Russian court were from Scotland,John H. Appleby, Through the looking-glass: Scottish doctors in Russia (1704–1854), in The Caledonian Phalanx, 1987 the best known being James Wylie. The next wave of migration established commercial links with Russia.John R. Bowles, From the banks of the Neva to the shores of Lake Baikal: some enterprising Scots in Russia, in The Caledonian Phalanx, 1987 The 19th century witnessed the immense literary cross-references between Scotland and Russia.

Boeing 707-320C at Gatwick Airport June 1975. On St. Andrew's Day (30 November) in 1970, Caledonian Airways acquired British United Airways (BUA) from British and Commonwealth (B&C;) for £6.9 million. Caledonian Airways also purchased three new BAC One-Eleven 500 aircraft, which B&C; had leased to BUA, for a further £5 million. Caledonian's acquisition of BUA from B&C; did not include the assets of British United Island Airways (BUIA), BUA's regional affiliate."Independence for BUIA", Flight International, 30 July 1970, p. 151 BCal was a wholly owned subsidiary of Caledonian Airways Ltd.the new name of Airways Interests (Thomson)"Staff signed up", Flight International, 1 April 1971, p. 444 BCal itself had a number of subsidiaries as well.

Glen Tanar, along with the side glens formed by the Water of Gairney and the Water of Allachy, comprises the third largest area of Caledonian Forest in Scotland, which grows from the valley floor up to an altitude of 450 metres. As a Caledonian Forest, the predominant tree species is Scots pine, although broad-leaved tree species including birch, alder, rowan, holly, aspen and oak are also present. Juniper grows at the boundary between the forest and the open moorland above, and areas of blaeberry, heather and feather mosses can also be found. the woodland floor provides a habitat for many of the species typically found in the Caledonian Forest, including twinflower, creeping lady's-tresses, toothed wintergreen and intermediate wintergreen.

The station was opened along with the first section of the Caledonian Railway's main line from in September 1847. The line initially terminated at , but was completed through to Glasgow & Edinburgh early the following year. A branch line from here to via Lochmaben was completed in September 1863 – this was constructed by the independent Dumfries, Lochmaben & Lockerbie Railway, but was absorbed by the Caledonian company two years later. Though this route allowed the Caledonian company to reach Dumfries and thus compete with the rival Glasgow and South Western Railway, it never developed beyond country branch status. On 4 May 1883, an accident occurred when the branch service from Stranraer via the Dumfries, Lochmaben and Lockerbie Railway passed a signal and entered the station at 23:25.

This was subsequently replaced by a larger depot at in 1870, though it was more than twenty years thereafter before the station was fully completed. What is now the main line to the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway at (originally known as the Duff Street Spur) was opened by the Caledonian company in 1853 and the station along with it.Railscot - Edinburgh Station and Branches www.railbrit.co.uk; Retrieved 2014-01-25 The Caledonian had planned to use this link to access the E&G; station at Haymarket and hence run through to Waverley, but it would be another century before this actually came to pass as agreement with the E&G; over running powers couldn't be reached, forcing the Caledonian to develop its own terminus instead.

The Railways Act 1921 caused the main line railways of Great Britain to be "grouped" into one of four large concerns; the Caledonian Railway was a constituent of the new London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and the North British Railway was a constituent of the new London and North Eastern Railway (LNER). This took effect on 1 January 1923.For practical purposes; delay in tidying up the administration caused the Caledonian to enter the LMS formally on 1 July 1923, but the Caledonian share of the Dundee and Arbroath Joint Line was schemed across to the LMS on 1 January. The train service pattern did not change fundamentally; residential traffic around Dundee had built up in the twentieth century and this continued.

The original Wishaw and Coltness Railway had a branch line to Cleland, where there was an iron works (and a passenger station named Newarthill), and a line to Morningside, close to further iron works. All the coal railways had worked together in a state of competitive collaboration, but the Caledonian acquisition of the Wishaw and Coltness and the Garnkirk line resulted in a polarisation: the other lines moved away from the Caledonian sphere of influence, and together formed the Monkland Railways in 1848; that group eventually became part of the rival North British Railway. The Monkland Railways too had converted the line to standard gauge so that interchange of traffic continued. The Caledonian Railway had expended considerable resources in opening its main line.

System map of the Lanarkshire and Dumbarton RailwayThe Caledonian Railway was authorised in 1845 to build its trunk line from Glasgow and Edinburgh to Carlisle: that line opened in 1847 - 1848. During the lengthy period of planning the route and obtaining its Act of Parliament, the Caledonian set about gaining control of other Scottish railway companies. Many other lines were being promoted at that time of easy availability of capital, and the Caledonian quickly secured the Glasgow, Paisley and Greenock Railway and agreed leases of several other lines, mostly north of the central belt. There was much industry in the valley of the River Leven and at Dumbarton itself, and independent promoters put forward a line that would run from Glasgow to Dumbarton and Balloch.

Caledonian Lane Caledonian Lane is a short, quiet and narrow (4-metre wide) open laneway, running north from Little Bourke Street between Little Bourke Street and Lonsdale Street. Caledonian Lane is most notable as the former home to the St Jerome's Laneway Festival. It is also notable due to controversial developments in 2009 involving the redevelopment of the Post Office precinct and Department Store precinct also involving the shutting down of both St Jerome's and the festival. A consortium involving Myer and Colonial First State applied for exemption from the City of Melbourne Heritage Overlay to widen the lane by 4 metres to improve access for delivery trucks and in the process demolish the art deco landmark Lonsdale House in 2009.

An Abellio ScotRail calls with an Inverness to Edinburgh service In 2020, all Highland main line services between Perth and Inverness call here. From Monday to Saturday, 11 trains per day in each direction provide links to both Glasgow Queen Street and Edinburgh Waverley, as well as the daytime and sleeper services to London, operated by LNER and Caledonian Sleeper respectively, where the sleeper service does not run southbound on Saturday nights. On Sunday, there are seven northbound trains each way per day to Inverness, where 2 extend to Elgin, and 8 southbound trains, 4 to Edinburgh, 2 to Glasgow, as well as two services to London by both LNER and Caledonian Sleeper. The Caledonian Sleeper service does not run northbound on Sundays.

The Symington, Biggar and Broughton Railway was a railway company in southern Scotland. It built a line connecting Biggar, and later Peebles, to the main line railway at Symington. It was taken over by the Caledonian Railway in 1861, and was completed in 1864. The Caledonian saw it as a strategic acquisition, potentially giving it access to the Borders towns more widely, but this aim never materialised, and the line did not develop beyond its purely local status.

Diagram of Metropolitan Cattle Market, Islington The newly opened market on a contemporary etching The Metropolitan Cattle Market (later Caledonian Market), just off the Caledonian Road in the parish of Islington (now the London Borough of Islington) was built by the City of London Corporation and was opened in June 1855 by Prince Albert. The market was supplementary to the meat market at Smithfield and was established to remove the difficulty of managing live cattle at that latter site.

National University of Science and Technology (NUST) is a private university in Oman which was established in 2018 by merger of two professional colleges, Caledonian College of Engineering and Oman Medical College (which offered degree programs in medicine and pharmacy). Around 4300 international students from 33 countries have graduated from the university. NUST has academic partnerships with three international universities: Glasgow Caledonian University in Scotland, West Virginia University, U.S. and the University of South Carolina, U.S.

Nidoïsh Naisseline (born in Guahma on Maré Island, June 27, 1945 – died June 3, 2015 in Nouméa) was a New Caledonian politician. A Kanak of the Nétché tribe, born on the island of Maré, he was an advocate of New Caledonian independence. He succeeded his father Henri as high chief of the Guahma district in 1973; on June 6, 2007, he stepped aside in favor of his son, Dokucas. He has also served in the Congress of New Caledonia.

The 'Forbidden Path' between the girls' and the boys' entrance Spier's in 2011. A bird of prey 'plucking post' in the grounds of the old school A Hart's-tongue fern (Phyllitis scolopendrium) growing in the lime mortar of an old wall Celandine-dominated woodland in early spring The Spier's dawn redwood Planting the dawn redwood tree at the Coronation Garden in 1953. The Royal Caledonian Horticultural Society list Spier's as an important designed landscape.Royal Caledonian Horticultual Society.

Then financial difficulties – the SRU's high debt, partly as a result of the redevelopment of Murrayfield – called for retrenchment. After two seasons, financial difficulties forced the SRU to merge the four teams into two. Edinburgh merged with the Border Reivers to form a team to be known as Edinburgh Reivers. Glasgow merged with Caledonian to form a team to be known as Glasgow Caledonian. The Borders was resurrected in 2002 and joined the second season of the Celtic League.

Whitrigg was a railway station on the Bowness Moss which served Whitrigg, a hamlet in Cumbria on the English side of the Solway Firth. The station opened on 8 August 1870 by the Caledonian Railway on a line constructed from the Caledonian Railway Main Line at Kirtlebridge across the Glasgow South Western Line, then forming the Solway Junction Railway over the Solway Viaduct to Brayton. The line opened in 1869, but freight had run from 13 September 1869.

The line opened on 15 May 1865 and was worked by the Caledonian Railway. Although the Wemyss Bay company was friendly to the Caledonian, relations were sometimes strained; a joint committee oversaw the operation of the line. The year 1865 saw a more ominous development, when the Greenock and Ayrshire Railway (G&AR;) was authorised. It was to join with the Glasgow and South Western Railway and would form a directly competing line for Glasgow to Greenock traffic.

The Caledonian Railway 179 Class and 184 Class were 4-6-0 mixed-traffic locomotivesEssery, Bob & Jenkinson, David (1986), An Illustrated History of L.M.S. Locomotives, Volume Three: Absorbed Pre-Group Classes, Northern Division, OPC, p.104 designed by John F. McIntosh and built in two batches in 1913-14 and 1914-15 respectively, at the Caledonian Railway's own St. Rollox Works. The differences between the two batches were minor, and they are often considered to be a single class.

It acquired Donaldson's 20% stake.Aeroplane (Commercial continued ... CALEDONIAN ...), Vol. 115, No. 2953, p. 12, Temple Press, London, 22 May 1968 Caledonian re-applied to the ATLB for a licence to launch transatlantic scheduled services from Gatwick, Heathrow or Stansted via Prestwick to New York JFK, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Toronto, and from Birmingham via Prestwick to New York, in 1967. These services were to be gradually introduced between 1969/70 and 1970/71 utilising the new 707s.

It gave an alternative, and shorter access to another Glasgow passenger terminal, named South Side, and to the Clyde Quays at General Terminus (over the connected General Terminus and Glasgow Harbour Railway). The South Side station was already being used by the Glasgow, Barrhead and Neilston Direct Railway, worked by the Caledonian. One day, they hoped, they might extend that line into Ayrshire. Meanwhile, the line was leased (for 999 years) to the Caledonian in 1849.

If the Caledonian Railway had been formed as an inter-city trunk line, its attention was early on turned to other demands. Local interests in Lanark promoted a branch line to their town, opening in 1855. Coal owners in South Lanarkshire pressed for a railway connection, and the Lesmahagow Railway was formed by them, opening in 1856. It was later absorbed by the Caledonian, but other lines followed in the sparsely populated but mineral-rich area.

Often described as the most beautiful glen in Scotland, Glen Affric contains the third largest area of ancient Caledonian pinewoods in Scotland, as well as lochs, moorland and mountains. The area is a Caledonian Forest Reserve, a national scenic area and a national nature reserve, as well as holding several other conservation designations. The forests and open landscapes of the glen, and the mountains on either side, are a popular destination for hikers, climbers and mountain bikers.

Peebles Junction was to the south of the goods station and allowed direct access from the Caledonian Railway to the Peebles Railway. During 1905 the facilities were improved by the North British Railway. The original station buildings were used as temporary waiting rooms while a new one was constructed. On 25 September 1950 the station had the suffix 'East' added to its name, while the Caledonian station, which was open for goods traffic, was renamed Peebles West.

The World Curling Federation (WCF), the governing body for international curling, originated as a committee (formed in Perth, Scotland in March 1965) of the Royal Caledonian Curling Club, and became an independent organisation in 1982. The WCF officially recognises the Royal Caledonian Curling Club, as the Mother Club of Curling. The WCF is still based in Perth, although for a brief period between 1994 and 2000 it too was based in Edinburgh with the mother club.

International Aviation Services Ltd was an air transport consultancy formed in 1966. It commenced worldwide cargo charters from London Gatwick in 1967 with leased, second-hand Bristol Britannia 300F turboprop equipment.these aircraft comprised two former Caledonian Britannia 314s acquired from British Caledonian Airways in 1971 (one of which entered service while the other was used for spares)World Airline directory, Flight International, 28 April 1979, p. 1380New British airline, Air Transport, Flight International, 5 October 1972, p.

The Southern Uplands consist mainly of Silurian sedimentary deposits deposited in the Iapetus Ocean from 500–400 million years ago. These rocks were pushed up from the sea bed into an accretionary wedge during the Caledonian orogeny, roughly 400 million years ago (Ma), when the continents and terranes of Laurentia, Baltica and Avalonia collided. The Caledonian orogeny is named for Caledonia, a Latin name for Scotland. The majority of the rocks are weakly metamorphosed coarse greywacke.

The Rhenohercynian basin was situated north of the Rheic Ocean, the ocean that spread between the continents of Laurussia (north) and Gondwana (south) from the Silurian onwards. The southern margin of Laurussia was formed during the Caledonian orogeny of the Silurian period, about 420 million years ago. In the Gedinnian/Lochkovian (Early Devonian) the southern part of the Caledonian mountain belt became a region of north–south extension. An elongated basin was formed parallel to the continental margin.

Mackie scored his 50th league goal for Aberdeen on 20 December 2008 in an SPL match against Inverness Caledonian Thistle at the Caledonian Stadium and signed a new three- year contract with the Dons in February 2009. On 19 July 2011, Aberdeen played La Liga side Villarreal at Pittodrie in a testimonial match to mark Mackie's thirteen years with the club. The match ended 1–0 to Villarreal, with striker Giuseppe Rossi scoring the only goal after 53 minutes.

It was absorbed by the Scottish Central Railway Company in 1863, which in turn was taken over by the Caledonian Railway Company in 1865. Three years later, the Hatton incline was eliminated, and a deviation built into Newtyle. The Caledonian Railway became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway Company under the Railways Act 1921. Severe snow storms hit Angus in February 1947, and a passenger train was snowed in at Dronley cutting for over a week.

Goods services ran until 1986, when the lines were lifted. In 1861, the Caledonian Railway opened a line to Granton from Dalry, providing a goods service to Granton harbour. They agreed a contract to run passenger services to the new gas works from central Edinburgh. In 1864, the Caledonian built a line to Leith, with stations at Newhaven Road (near Trinity Academy), Granton Road, East Pilton, Craigleith, Murrayfield and Dalry Road running to Edinburgh Princes Street.

However, France maintains control over justice, security and public order, currency, defence, and foreign policy. New Caledonia, which has the unique status of a sui generis collectivity, is also sometimes incorrectly referred to as an overseas country. The people of New Caledonia voted against becoming an overseas country and chose to remain part of France in the 2018 New Caledonian independence referendum and 2020 New Caledonian independence referendum, although the legislature may choose to hold another referendum in 2022.

Soon after leaving Falkirk, Welsh joined fellow Championship side Inverness Caledonian Thistle. Welsh scored his first goal for the club in August 2018, as he scored a penalty against Alloa Athletic F.C.

Brown Hill is home to many schools including the campus of Ballarat Secondary College, Caledonian Primary School, Saint Francis Xavier College (a Catholic Prep - Year 6 Primary School) and Brown Hill Kindergarten.

The green-backed white-eye (Zosterops xanthochroa) is a species of bird in the family Zosteropidae. It is also known as the New Caledonian white-eye. It is endemic to New Caledonia.

Upper Greenock railway station was a railway station serving the town of Greenock, Inverclyde, Scotland, originally as part of the Greenock and Wemyss Bay Railway and later owned by the Caledonian Railway.

Wéjième started his career in the youth of OMS Paita. In 2015 he moved to the first team and made his debut. In 2017 he moved to New Caledonian powerhouse AS Magenta.

By now the Caledonian had taken over the SNER as well, and commenced running through passenger trains from Dundee to Alyth, which "became a busy country terminus over the next few years".

These rocks were folded by two orogeny mountain building events --the Hercynian orogeny, and Caledonian Orogeny. Paleozoic basement rocks cover much of the country and are overlain by Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediments.

Rocks of the Lewisian complex were caught up in the Caledonian orogeny, appearing in the hanging walls of many of the thrust faults formed during the late stages of this tectonic event.

Joseph Chalmers (born 3 January 1994) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a left back for Ayr United. He previously played for Celtic, Falkirk, Motherwell, Inverness Caledonian Thistle and Ross County.

Emile Béaruné (born 7 February 1990) is a New Caledonian international footballer who plays as a defender for Hienghène Sport in the New Caledonia Super Ligue and the New Caledonia national team.

The Caledonian section was not opened until 1911, then completing the through route. There was a large swing bridge over the Forth and Clyde Canal. This section never carried local passenger trains.

Starting at the car park at the end of the public road, walkers follow the glen through the native Caledonian Forest into open moorland before crossing the river to begin the ascent.

A traffic separation scheme operates in the Little Minch, with northbound traffic proceeding close to Skye, and southbound close to Harris. Commercial ferry services across the Minch are operated by Caledonian MacBrayne.

The New Caledonia national beach soccer team represents New Caledonia in international beach soccer competitions and is controlled by the New Caledonian Football Federation, the governing body for football in New Caledonia.

Jamie McCart (born 20 June 1997) is a Scottish footballer, who plays as a defender for St Johnstone. McCart has previously played for Celtic, St Mirren, Alloa Athletic and Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

Martin Paul Glancy (born 24 March 1976) is a Scottish former footballer who played for Dumbarton, Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Clydebank, Berwick Rangers, Queen of the South, Stranraer, Airdrie United and Stirling Albion.

South Alloa station was closed on 1 October 1885 when the Caledonian Railway opened a new line, the Alloa Railway to Alloa from the south using a swing bridge to cross the Forth.

Louis Kotra Uregei (born February 4, 1951 in Nouméa) is a New Caledonian syndicalist and politician. He is a member of the Labour Party, and is a Kanak who supports independence from France.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. in their seventh season in the Scottish Football League competed in the Scottish First Division, Scottish League Cup, Scottish Challenge Cup and the Scottish Cup in season 2000–01.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. in their eighth season in the Scottish Football League competed in the Scottish First Division, Scottish League Cup, Scottish Challenge Cup and the Scottish Cup in season 2001–02.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. in their ninth season in the Scottish Football League competed in the Scottish First Division, Scottish League Cup, Scottish Challenge Cup and the Scottish Cup in season 2002–03.

Paul Jewine Katrei (died 10 April 1967)La composition Congress was a New Caledonian chief and politician. He served as a member of the Territorial Assembly between 1957 and his death in 1967.

Dochgarroch () is a settlement that lies at the start of the Caledonian Canal, at the head of Loch Ness in Inverness-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.

Michael Alan Fraser (born 8 October 1983 in Inverness, Scotland) is a Scottish former football goalkeeper. During his career he played for Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Motherwell, Montrose, Birkirkara, Ross County and Elgin City.

The class number used for Caledonian Railway engines was the stock number of the first member of the class to reach traffic. Hence earlier numbered classes could well have appeared later in time.

Isabelle Champmoreau (born 1974 in Nouméa) is a New Caledonian politician. She is a member of The Rally-UMP, and served in the government of Harold Martin. She is a teacher by profession.

The New Caledonian whistler was originally classified in the genus Muscicapa. It has also been treated as a subspecies of the golden whistler. Until 2014, it was considered conspecific with the Melanesian whistler.

In 1975, British Rail constructed Buchanan House (later named 'ScotRail House' between January 1985 and April 1994) and Glasgow Caledonian University occupy the site of the station. The Station Bar, nearby, still exists.

Institute for Informatics & Digital Innovation #University of Glasgow. School of Computing Science #Glasgow Caledonian University. School of Engineering and Computing #Heriot-Watt University. School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences #The Robert Gordon University.

It had several branches serving pits and ironworks. In 1849 it became part of the Caledonian Railway and sections of the original network form part of the modern West Coast Main Line railway.

The name of the football club is also known to be the longest football club name in the world. However, Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. holds the record when it comes to professional football.

As a Scottish Premier League club, Aberdeen started in the third round where they played St. Mirren at home and won 2–0 at Pittodrie Stadium. In the fourth round they were drawn away at Scottish Football League First Division Inverness Caledonian Thistle who had knocked out Old Firm Celtic in the previous round. After a 1–1 draw at Caledonian Stadium, Aberdeen progressed after a 1–0 win at Pittodrie. In the quarter finals they played Dundee United away.

The SCR shareholders would receive 7% on their capital. This drew strong opposition from the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway, which had assumed a working arrangement would be possible, and they threatened opposition in Parliament; and indeed in June 1848 a Bill to authorise leasing the Scottish Central line to the Caledonian was rejected. The Scottish Central had promised the Caledonian a loan of £6,000 towards their building of a branch to Castlecary, to join the Scottish Central there. The offer was now withdrawn.

At the insistence of the Caledonian, the land was to be acquired for double track, although only single track was to be laid at first: the Caledonian clearly saw the line as a future trunk route. The Symington, Biggar and Broughton Railway was authorised by Act of Parliament on 21 May 1858. Although the continuation to Broughton was very simple, along the broad valley of the Biggar Water, it is not clear what was the intended benefit of this lengthy extension.

Drummond's grave in Brookwood Cemetery In 1882 he moved to the Caledonian Railway. In April 1890 he tendered his resignation to enter business, establishing the Australasian Locomotive Engine Works at Sydney, Australia. The scheme failed rapidly and he returned to Scotland, founding the Glasgow Railway Engineering Company. Although the business was moderately successful, Drummond accepted the post as locomotive engineer of the London and South Western Railway in 1895, at a salary considerably less than that he had received on the Caledonian Railway.

Tulloch Caledonian Stadium The club's highest 'home' (league) attendance actually occurred while they were groundsharing with Aberdeen at Pittodrie. With Inverness fans in the traditional home end, and Aberdeen fans filling the away end, a record attendance of 9,530 was set on 16 October 2004. This record may stand for some time, as the crowd that day was bigger than the current capacity of Caledonian Stadium. The club's highest cup attendance was also recorded in a venue other than their home ground.

The Glasgow School for Business and Society is the largest business school in Scotland. It is part of Glasgow Caledonian University, and was established in 2002, originally named the Caledonian Business School. It offers programs in business studies, law and the social sciences. Its main campus is located in Glasgow, and it has an additional campus in London (GCU London). The school is also home to the Moffat Centre, one of the world’s leading university research centres in tourism and travel.

Tri-Ang released a model of No.123 in the 1960s, in Caledonian livery and labelling. This model shared its chassis with the model of the Dean Single released at the same time, and was powered by its single driving wheel. Following the other styles of modelling at the time, the model was produced up until the 1970s. Later it was revived in the 1980s in LMS Crimson livery, and was subsequently released in a limited-edition pack in its Caledonian colors.

When the Caledonian Railway opened throughout in 1848 it reached Glasgow from Garriongill Junction via Wishaw and Motherwell, and then Whifflet and Coatbridge, then via Gartsherrie and Garnkirk to Townhead. The Glasgow terminus was soon altered to be at Buchanan Street, nearer the city centre. While the Caledonian Railway Bill was going through the Parliamentary process, another Bill was in the system, for the Clydesdale Junction Railway. This was to run from Motherwell to a Glasgow terminus called South Side.

This represented a loss of one seat for the Caledonian Union (Kamandji Ouamambare) and gain of one seat for the Caledonian Rally (Berge and Parazols, replacing Albert Rapadzi). Gaston Belouma resigned from the Assembly on 26 October and was replaced by Thène Fonguimoin Boahoumé- Arhou, who was next on the party's list. Théophile Wakolo Pouyé resigned on 4 December the same year and was replaced by Austien Dalap Touyada. Maurice Lenormand resigned on 21 March 1964 and was replaced by Henri Teambouéon.

In 2005, Lochhead became the Poet Laureate for Glasgow, a position she held until stepping down in 2011, when she was named as the second Scots Makar, or national poet of Scotland, succeeding Edwin Morgan who had died the previous year. She stepped down from this role in February 2016, and was succeeded by Jackie Kay in March 2016. She is currently the Honorary President of the Caledonian Cultural Fellows at Glasgow Caledonian University. and holds honorary doctorates from ten of Scotland's universities.

The Caledonia Building, also known as Caledonian Hall or The Caledonian, is a historic commercial building located at 185-193 High Street in downtown Holyoke, Massachusetts. Built in 1874, it is one of that commercial district's finest examples of Victorian architecture and a rare representative example of the development of the city's Scottish immigrant community. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 3, 1979, and was included in the North High Street Historic District on June 26, 1986.

Whiteinch railway station (above) in 1958 with a Caledonian Railway 264 Class 0-4-0ST locomotive shunting in South Street below on the street level lines which served the shipyards, lairage and granary adjacent to the Clyde. The station was located in an elevated position and was served by Caledonian Railway passenger trains from Glasgow (Central) via Partick Central and onwards to Dumbarton railway station and Balloch. From January 1923, the service was operated by the London Midland & Scottish Railway.

Golspie Sutherland Football Club are a Scottish football club from Golspie, Sutherland, that competes in the North Caledonian Football League. They are full members of the Scottish Football Association, and therefore automatically qualify for entry to the Scottish Cup. Their home matches are played at King George V Park. Golspie Sutherland have been champions of the North Caledonian Football League in 1974–75, 1975–76, 1992–93, 1998–99, 2003–04, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2014–15 and 2018–19.

Halkirk United joined the North Caledonian League ahead of the 1993–94 season and in their first season they were crowned league champions. It would take the club seventeen years until their next league success in 2010–11. They then enjoyed a period of dominance during the 2010s which saw them capture the title on four occasions. Over the years, the club have developed a prominent rivalry with Caithness neighbours Thurso F.C., who joined the North Caledonian League in 1998.

31, Temple Press, London, 9 December 1965 Caledonian carried 148,000 passengers and earned a net profit of just over £200,000 in its 1965–66 financial year. The ATLB granted Caledonian five licences to operate scheduled services from Scotland to the Med in 1966. These were the airline's first scheduled service licences. By the end of September 1966, Industrial and Commercial Finance Corporation (ICFC), one of the two predecessors of Investors in Industry,3i's former name acquired a 14% stake in Caledonian's holding company.

The erosion has left remaining massifs of Caledonian rocks and windows of Precambrian rock. The Caledonian orogeny resulted from the collision of the Laurentia and Baltica plates, 450 to 250 million years ago, with the disappearance of the Iapetus Ocean by subduction. This happened just before the formation of the chain and was caused by the appearance of a rift, which finally led to the creation of the Atlantic Ocean. The chain, once split open, continued to erode until it formed a peneplain.

Ross Tokely (born 8 March 1979) is a Scottish professional football player and coach who plays for St. Duthus FC in the North Caledonian League. Tokely previously played for Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Ross County and Brora Rangers as a right back. Tokely joined Inverness from Highland League club Huntly in 1996 and remained at the club until June 2012, for a total of 16 seasons at the Inverness club. Tokely was ICT's longest serving player and currently holds their appearance record.

Braniff International Airways, another major US air carrier, also ordered the One- Eleven. Aloha Airlines selected the One-Eleven as its first jet type for interisland service in the Hawaiian Islands. British Caledonian One-Eleven, 1975 Several British operators, including Dan Air and British Caledonian, made extensive use of the type. Dan Air increased the number of One-Elevens it had in service in the 1970s, eventually replacing its aging de Havilland Comets with the One-Eleven entirely in the 1980s.

The Westinghouse brake was used in normal train operation. Loch Tay station had a single platform also, but there was a small engine shed there and goods facilities. Loch Tay was intended solely for connections to steamers. In 1921 the Caledonian Railway acquired the Loch Tay Steamship Company which owned two steamers on the loch; the company was loss-making, and the Caledonian wished to continue the tourist trade over the Callander and Oban line; the Killin Railway obviously benefitted also.

In May 2007, she presented an evening in Holyrood Palace in the presence of HRH Prince Charles, The Duke of Rothesay, to help celebrate the 30th anniversary of the trust. Blythe was Chieftain of Bute Highland Games in 2009 and Chieftain of the Cowal Games in 2011. She was given an Honorary Doctorate in June 2011 from Glasgow Caledonian University for her outstanding contribution to the performing arts.Website of Glasgow Caledonian University and in 2012 was made a Cultural Fellow.

During the later part of the Silurian period, the western margin of the Baltic Plate was affected by the main collisional event of the Caledonian orogeny, known as the Scandian phase. This led to large-scale thrusting and the development of a mountain belt similar in scale to the Himalayas. Soon after the collision finished during the Early Devonian, the thickened crust began to extend. Initially the extension took place by reactivation of Caledonian thrust faults, known as Mode 1 extension.

Alloa goods station was a goods railway station operated by the Caledonian Railway in Alloa, Clackmannanshire, Scotland, from 1885 to 1980. The station was the planned terminus of the Alloa Railway as authorised by Parliament in 1884 when the Caledonian Railway absorbed the Alloa Railway. The station opened on 1 October 1885, when the complete line from Dunmore Junction on the South Alloa branch opened. The station was located on the western side of Glasshouse Loan to the north of Craigward Cooperage.

For many years the North British Railway had an effective monopoly of nearly all of the North Clyde coast west of Glasgow. As industrial and residential development became ever more important in the area, the rival Caledonian Railway sought to enter into the area, and it encouraged a nominally independent company to promote a line. This became the Lanarkshire and Dumbartonshire Railway (L&DR;).Like the Caledonian and Dumbartonshire Junction Railway, the Dumbarton and Balloch Joint Railway also used the spelling Dumbartonshire.

John Grant Robertson (born 2 October 1964) is a Scottish professional football coach and former player, currently in his second spell of managing Inverness Caledonian Thistle. His playing career included spells at Newcastle United, Dundee and Livingston, but he is best known for his two spells at Heart of Midlothian totalling about 18 years, where he is the club's all-time leading goalscorer. He has since managed Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Heart of Midlothian, Ross County, Livingston, Derry City and East Fife.

In 1881 the line was doubled between Busby Junction and Busby. On 18 July 1881 an Act was passed authorising the Caledonian Railway to absorb the Busby Railway, and in December 1881 it was determined to buy out the remaining shareholders of the Busby Railway Company, and the line passed fully into Caledonian Railway ownership on 2 February 1882. The Caledonian Railway built a line eastwards from East Kilbride to join the Strathaven line near High Blantyre, where there was considerable mining activity; the intervening land was very thinly populated. When the Lanarkshire and Ayrshire Railway (L&AR;) line was opened between Cathcart and Neilston in 1903 a south curve connection was built so that trains could run direct from Blantyre via East Kilbride and Neilston (High) to Ardrossan.

The Caledonian line and the North British connecting line both opened on 1 October 1885, there were no stations opened on the line at this time. The Edinburgh Evening News reported the first train: > To-day the new Alloa Railway and Bridge were opened for traffic by the > Caledonian and North British Railway Companies. The first train which left > Alloa N.B. station for the new bridge line was a Caledonian one, consisting > of three new carriages having all the latest improvements and fitted with > gas tanks, so that the gas light will be supplied in place of the old oil > lamps. A large number of people witnessed the departure of the train, which > had about a dozen passengers, most of whom intended going to Larbert > junction and return with the following train.

Ardrossan lines in 1890, after the arrival of the Caledonian RailwaySome of the early rationale in building the line had been to pre-empt incursion into the area by the rival Caledonian Railway. On 4 September 1888 the Lanarkshire and Ayrshire Railway (L&AR;), worked by the Caledonian Railway, opened its line to Ardrossan. At first it used a temporary connection to the G&SWR; line there, as its own pier facility was not ready;John Thomas revised J S Paterson, A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: Volume 6, Scotland, the Lowlands and the Borders, David and Charles, Newton Abbot, 1984, but on 30 May 1890 it was fully operational, at Montgomerie Pier. There were now two railway-connected piers in Ardrossan, and the Firth of Clyde steamer services were in competition.

Their technology was primitive and horse traction was dominant in the early years. In 1845 the Caledonian Railway obtained an authorising Act of Parliament to build a main line from Glasgow and Edinburgh to Carlisle. To gain access to Glasgow the Caledonian arranged to take over the Garnkirk and Glasgow line and an associated railway, the Wishaw and Coltness Railway, and the main line was planned to follow the route of those railways. The Caledonian Railway opened in 1848 and gained control of the railways connecting the iron industry to Glasgow; at the time onward conveyance by sea from quays in Glasgow was significant, and the Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway too retained its share of the traffic, although its routes were not well suited for connecting to Glasgow and the west coast.

The Caledonian would soon have its own line, albeit somewhat longer than the E&GR;, between Glasgow and Edinburgh, and its predatory behaviour led to alarm in the E&GR; board room that further Caledonian acquisitions and leases would result in serious harm to the E&GR.; Accordingly, the board proposed an amalgamation with the Monkland Railways, the Wilsontown, Morningside and Coltness RailwayPaterson, page 69 lists these but says Wishaw and Coltness Railway instead of Wilsontown, Morningside and Coltness Railway. This must be a mistake; the Wishaw and Coltness was already leased by the Caledonian Railway, from 1 January 1847, whereas the Wilsontown line was proposed for amalgamation with the E&GR; in 1847. and the Scottish Central Railway, and the Forth and Clyde Canal, the Union Canal and the Monkland Canal.

The former British Airtours 737s were re-configured in British Airways's contemporary short-haul two-class cabin arrangement and began replacing the BAC One-Eleven 500s British Airways had inherited from British Caledonian on the UK flag carrier's short-haul Gatwick routes. In 1995, British Airways decided to exit the short- to medium-haul package holiday market and sell Caledonian Airways to UK-based tour operator Inspirations, then part of the US-owned Carlson group, along with its core fleet of five Tristars. Following Caledonian's sale to Inspirations, the 757s were returned to British Airways. Inspirations became part of the Thomas Cook Group in 1999, when Caledonian Airways was merged with the Flying Colours airline to form JMC Air Services, which in turn became the UK arm of the now- defunct Thomas Cook Airlines.

Caledonian lines are shown in red on this 1905 Railway Clearing House map of Edinburgh. The Caledonian Railway entered Edinburgh from Carstairs on 15 February 1848; its terminus was a one-platform station named Lothian Road. This was the first line to offer travel without change of carriage between Edinburgh and England: passengers on the rival North British Railway needed to cross the River Tweed on foot to continue their rail journey. The unsatisfactory Edinburgh terminus needed improvement but funds were limited, and the Caledonian built a short spur to Haymarket; talks had taken place about using the E&GR; and NBR station, later named Waverley; but the NBR rejected the idea. Eventually in 1870 the Lothian Road station was much improved and extended, and the new terminus was named Princes Street.

Incidentally, Ferry-Port-on-Craig station became renamed Tay-Port, and later Tayport. The Caledonian Railway and the NBR became deadly rivals, each seeking to establish monopolistic primacy in areas they served, while at the same time seeking to penetrate the rival's territory. The Caledonian became dominant north of the Tay and in the central belt and to Carlisle, while the North British Railway had a near-monopoly in Fife, rich in mineral resources, and also from Edinburgh to Berwick where it connected with partner railways in England. The North British sought to extend northwards, and to create its own route beyond Dundee to Aberdeen, but the two ferry crossings, of the Forth and the Tay, were a major limitation in addition to the competitive tactics of the rival Caledonian Railway.

The Caledonian Railway in North Lanarkshire in 1850The Caledonian Railway was authorised in 1845 as a trunk railway: its purpose was to connect Glasgow and Edinburgh to Carlisle, and the growing English network, carrying passengers and goods. Intermediate business from towns on the route was of course welcome; the goods traffic was predominantly agricultural and manufacturing. Other promoters were planning routes elsewhere in Scotland, especially further north, and already a Scottish network was being brought into action. The first main line of the Caledonian was a huge undertaking by the standards of the time: the capital authorised was £1.5 million, and the promoters had negotiated with two of the coal railways, the Wishaw and Coltness and the Glasgow Garnkirk and Coatbridge, to use their lines to reach Glasgow.

The Caledonian Railway in North Lanarkshire in 1865There were considerable mineral resources in South Lanarkshire, and when the Caledonian Railway was unable to fund the building of a railway to serve the collieries, an independent line, the Lesmahagow Railway, was built. It ran south from Motherwell: the present-day junction at Motherwell station is named Lesmahagow Junction. The former Wishaw and Coltness station at Motherwell was inconveniently located some distance to the south east, at the point where the W&C; line turned north. The coal from the Lesmahagow area was destined for Coatbridge, and to make a through line the Caledonian built a short connection, the Motherwell Deviation Line, from Lesmahagow Junction northwards to Jerviston, joining the W&C; line there; the northern part of the by-passed section of line was closed.

The site of the stadium is only 550 yards away from the North Sea, and with only the King's Links golf course between the stadium and the beach, the ground is one of the coldest football grounds in Britain. As a result of a ground sharing agreement, Pittodrie was used by Inverness Caledonian Thistle for their home matches during the early part of the 2004–05 season. This was required because Inverness CT's own Caledonian Stadium did not meet the requirements for entry into the Scottish Premier League until improvements were carried out and the seating capacity increased. In 2005 the stadium size criterion for entry to the SPL was reduced to 6,000, thereby allowing Inverness Caledonian Thistle to return to their home stadium partway during the season.

It proposed to build from the Caledonian system in Glasgow to a pier on Loch Lomond, tapping the important steamer trade to Lomondside piers, and also the textile industry locations in the valley of the River Leven. The new line would have closely paralleled the existing NBR lines, and especially in the narrow Leven valley this was seen as objectionable. A compromise was reached by which the L&DR; would build only as far as Dumbarton and the line from there to Balloch would be made joint between the NBR, the LD&R;, and the Caledonian Railway. (The Caledonian Railway worked the L&DR; line, and absorbed it on 1 August 1909.) This took effect from 1 October 1896; the junction was made some distance east of Dumbarton station.

The extent of the Caledonian sacrifice to the Australian War effort can be seen in that all but five of the regular first team players in this squad made the supreme sacrifice while serving in the First World War. The Caledonian players killed in action were ‘Barney’ Cowan, ‘Barney’ Henry, ‘Dickie’ Leonard, Dave McKinnon, Jamie Simpson, Frank Lyon, William Chalmers MM and Charlie Monteath. On the first of August 1919, the Fremantle Herald reported that the Fremantle Caledonian Society held a minute silence in remembrance of their fallen comrades in the soccer team. The same newspaper later recorded that at its 11th Annual General Meeting on 4 June 1920 the Society had erected a large plaque inscribed with the names of the 106 members who had served in the Anzac forces.

Glen Ogle viaduct The Caledonian had expended a lot of energy and much money in securing leases of local railways; they had committed themselves to perpetual annual lease charges; at the same time they were expanding their hold in the Lanarkshire coal and iron fields. The Scottish Central had committed to a major investment in the Callander and Oban, and the Caledonian now assumed that obligation; when they examined the situation they were not happy with what they had acquired. Local investors in the thinly populated area had to find £400,000; if they did not, the Caledonian would be asked to make up the shortfall. However their policy of securing territory would be at risk if they cancelled the project: the rival North British Railway might pick up the scheme.

The principal effect of this on the main line was the construction of a branch line from Gartsherrie to Greenhill Junction, there meeting the Scottish Central Railway, and giving access to Stirling and Perth. A first, short section of this branch used the route of the earlier Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway (M&KR;), another modernised coal railway. The M&KR; was not brought into the Caledonian family, and through trains from the Caledonian at Motherwell towards Stirling used a rival company's track until nationalisation of the railways in 1948. A development that had not been foreseen was the emergence of the Monklands iron industry, which generated a huge demand for good quality iron ore and coal, and the Caledonian was fortunate that considerable reserves lay in areas served by it, or otherwise accessible over it.

The agaric fungus Mycena purpureofusca is commonly found in Caledonian pine woods, and it is considered an indicator species for that habitat type. Fire appears to increase the natural recruitment of Scots pine seedlings.

Ravenscraig railway station was a railway station serving Ravenscraig Hospital near the town of Greenock, Inverclyde, Scotland, originally as part of the Greenock and Wemyss Bay Railway and later owned by the Caledonian Railway.

The Hamilton Caledonian Pipe Band otherwise known as The Callies is an organisation with two bands. One in grade "2" and one non-competing, with over 50 playing members based in Hamilton, New Zealand.

John Lambie was a Scottish engineer. He was born in Saltcoats, Ayrshire, in 1833 and died in Glasgow on 1 February 1895. He was Locomotive Superintendent of the Caledonian Railway from 1891 to 1895.

Georges Gope-Fenepej (born 23 October 1988) is a New Caledonian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Ligue 2 club Le Mans. He is the brother of fellow footballer John Gope-Fenepej.

Founded by Scottish immigrants (mainly railway men and miners) in 1906. The club's original full name was Germiston Caledonian Society Amateur Football Club, the name was changed when the club turned professional in 1959.

Gretna railway station was a railway station close to Gretna Green in Scotland. The Caledonian Railway, however, built the station just south of Gretna Junction and the England/Scotland border, in Cumberland (now Cumbria).

Gope-Iwate started his career in the youth of FC Auteuil-Dumbea. In 2015 he moved to the first team and made his debut. In 2017 he moved to New Caledonian powerhouse AS Wetr.

In January 2019 he returned to Peterhead. On 16 January 2020, Elgin announced that Sutherland would be leaving at the conclusion of the 2019–20 season to rejoin his first club, Inverness Caledonian Thistle.

Muter was a member of the German Reformed Church in Lexington, Kentucky.Faust, p. 379 He was also the first president of the Caledonian Society, a nod to his Scottish heritage on his mother's side.

David Winters (born 7 March 1980) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a striker for Lowland Football League side Caledonian Braves. He has previously played in the Scottish Premier League for Dundee United.

A large number of units were re- branded into this livery, including the Class 322 units re-acquired and refurbished for North Berwick service and the Class 90 locomotives used on Caledonian Sleeper services.

The NBR wished to prevent the Caledonian gaining access to Galashiels, which the curve would have enabled. When the line opened throughout, the NBR operated passenger trains through from Edinburgh to Galashiels via Peebles.

Born in Aberdeen, Rhind played club football for Queen's Park, and he made only one appearance for Scotland in 1872 during the first official international football match. He later served as president of Caledonian.

"Voices of the Cloth: A Documentary Film", YouTube. 23 November 2011. The company currently sponsors eight scholarships in MSc International Fashion Marketing to Glasgow Caledonian University, London."GCU London Scholarships Program ", GCU London Website.

The station opened on 2 July 1900 by the Caledonian Railway. It closed to passengers on 30 April 1962.Passengers No More by G.Daniels and L.Dench second edition page 69 The line remained open.

In January 2004, Mackie moved on loan to Inverness Caledonian Thistle. He made six league appearances for Inverness, but failed to score a goal and returned to Aberdeen at the end of the season.

The Caledonian Research Foundation since 1990 has funded scholarships identical to the Carnegie Scholarships, except that they must be held within Scotland. The scholarships are administered by the Carnegie Trust on the Foundation's behalf.

Woodside and Burrelton railway station was in the Scottish county of Perth and Kinross. The station was opened by the Caledonian Railway on the former Scottish Midland Junction Railway running between Perth and Arbroath.

The only scheduled trans-Atlantic service Eastern provided was Miami to London Gatwick, commencing on July 15, 1985 and was discontinued in 1986 and replaced with codeshare flights from Atlanta via British Caledonian Airways.

The minutes of the Caledonian Steam Packet Company for 4 February 1902 record that: Duchess of Montrose was launched on 8 May 1902 and achieved the contracted speed during trials on 4 June 1902.

Sonia Lagarde (born 29 August 1948) is a French New Caledonian politician and the current mayor of Nouméa. She has been a member of the National Assembly for New Caledonia's 1st constituency since 2012.

The building was opened by the Caledonian Railway, prior to 1901, as a carriage shed. From 1958 to 1972, Class 06 and 08 shunters and Class 21 locomotives could be seen at the depot.

Its closest relatives are the Australian Athertonia and the Asian Heliciopsis. The genus is named after Robert Virot, pioneer of ecological studies in New Caledonia and author of a monograph of New Caledonian Proteaceae.

Retrieved 27 June 2011. The final was played on 21 November 1999,Scottish Challenge Cup 1999/00, Soccerbase. Retrieved 27 June 2011. between Inverness Caledonian Thistle and Alloa Athletic at Excelsior Stadium in Airdrie.

Woodford, Sanderson (or Saunderson), master, was driven ashore on Læsø on 22 November 1837 and wrecked; her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Riga to Plymouth. "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury (18357). Edinburgh.

The station opened on 8 January 1866 by the Caledonian Railway. To the west was the Langloan Weights signal box and to the north was the goods yard. The station closed on 5 October 1964.

A New Caledonian crow showing sequential tool use in the laboratory Corvids are a family of birds characterised by relatively large brains, remarkable behavioural plasticity (especially highly innovative foraging behaviour) and well-developed cognitive abilities.

From its sheltered port, Caledonian MacBrayne ferries run to Tarbert on Harris and Lochmaddy on North Uist providing links with the Outer Hebrides. Uig Tower is a prominent local landmark associated with the Highland Clearances.

Iain Angus Vigurs (born 7 May 1988) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a midfielder and captains Scottish Premiership side Ross County. He has previously played for Elgin City, Inverness Caledonian Thistle and Motherwell.

Dundee will be top seeded in the draw for the Scottish League Cup group stage, and will face off against Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Raith Rovers, Peterhead and Cove Rangers in Group D of the tournament.

David William Proctor (born 4 May 1984) is a Scottish football player who last played for East Kilbride. Proctor has also played for Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Dundee United, Canadian club FC Edmonton, Airdrieonians (two spells).

Caledonia F.C.,March 24, 1920 New York Times also known as Caledonian F.C. or Caleys was a U.S. soccer team from Detroit, Michigan which had a short period of national prominence in the early 1920s.

The 1998–99 Scottish Second Division was won by Livingston who, along with second placed Inverness Caledonian Thistle, were promoted to the First Division. East Fife and Forfar Athletic were relegated to the Third Division.

The last Swedo-Norwegian formations are evident in large formations of granite. There are also incidences of gabbro and diorite, less commonly eclogite. The Caledonian orogeny did not affect this area. Faults run southwest–northeast.

The 2007–08 season was Inverness Caledonian Thistle's fourth in the Scottish Premier League and 14th since the merger that created the club. They also competed in the Scottish League Cup and the Scottish Cup.

The North Province (French province Nord) is one of three administrative subdivisions in New Caledonia. It corresponds to the northern and northeastern portion of the New Caledonian mainland. The provincial government seat is at Koné.

Maxwell Park station was built in 1894 by the Caledonian Railway, as an extension of the earlier Cathcart District Railway back towards Glasgow Central. The station is now protected as a category B listed building.

In 1997, at the age of 35, he returned to his native Highlands to join Inverness Caledonian Thistle, where he played for two-and-a-half seasons, making 55 league appearances and scoring 17 goals.

James Louis Daly (14 December 1897 – 23 March 1963) was a New Caledonian businessman and politician. He served as a member of the General Council from 1930 until 1940, and again from 1953 until 1957.

The current lintel stone (its second) notes the 1836 rebuild and another by the Merchant's House in 1874. A plaque commemorates its most recent refurbishment by Tennent Caledonian Breweries in 1983. The Ladywell remains capped.

The Caledonian Canal connects the Scottish east coast at Inverness with the west coast at Corpach near Fort William in Scotland. The canal was constructed in the early nineteenth century by Scottish engineer Thomas Telford.

Mayka Zima (born 11 April 1992, Nouméa) is a New Caledonian female tennis player. Zima first year Playing for Pacific Oceania at the 2016 Fed Cup, Zima has a win–loss record of 3–1.

Bonar Bridge Football Club is a Scottish football club based in the town of Bonar Bridge in the Scottish Highlands. They play in the North Caledonian League. Formed in 1968,Late winner keeps 10-man Golspie's cup hopes alive The Northern Times, 6 March 2008 they were regular members of the North Caledonian League for over thirty-five years before they dropped out in 2010 and fell into an extended period of abeyance. The club was revived in 2019 with the intention of returning to the league.

Geological map of the Hebridean Terrane The Hebridean Terrane is one of the terranes that form part of the Caledonian orogenic belt in northwest Scotland. Its boundary with the neighbouring Northern Highland Terrane is formed by the Moine Thrust Belt. The basement is formed by Archaean and Paleoproterozoic gneisses of the Lewisian complex, unconformably overlain by the Neoproterozoic Torridonian sediments, which in turn are unconformably overlain by a sequence of Cambro-Ordovician sediments. It formed part of the Laurentian foreland during the Caledonian continental collision.

In this they were unsuccessful, and the new entity, Caledonian Thistle (subsequently renamed Inverness Caledonian Thistle) were elected along with Ross County to membership of the Scottish League's Third Division for season 1994–95. The last game of Inverness Thistle Football Club was against Lossiemouth on Saturday, 14 May 1994. The club was 110 years old. Part of Inverness Thistle lives on at the Harmsworth Park, home of Wick Academy, as the floodlight pylons from Kingsmills Park were relocated there for their admission into the Highland League.

The station was opened as Ferniegair on 1 December 1866 as a terminus for trains approaching from the south on the Caledonian Railway's Coalburn Branch. Passengers for Glasgow had to transfer to Hamilton by coach. It was rebuilt and relocated as a through station on 2 October 1876, with trains continuing to Motherwell railway station on the Clydesdale Junction Railway. The Caledonian Railway closed the station on 1 January 1917, though the line itself continued to carry passengers until October 1965 and freight until 1968.

The New Caledonian snipe (Coenocorypha neocaledonica) is an extinct species of austral snipe described from late Holocene cave deposits of New Caledonia. Although austral snipe are small birds, the endemic New Caledonian form was larger than all its congeners, with the exception of the Viti Levu snipe (C. miratropica). Examination of its wing bones suggest that it was a relatively strong flier. It became extinct within about 1000 years of human settlement of the island, probably as a result of predation by introduced rats.

The Paisley and Barrhead District Railway was a railway in Scotland that ran between the towns of Paisley and Barrhead. It was intended to serve industrial premises and develop local passenger and goods business. The Caledonian Railway managed the construction, but when the line was nearly complete, tramway competition had become obviously dominant for local passenger journeys, and the Caledonian decided not to start the intended passenger service. The line opened for goods trains only in 1905 and 1906, and served industrial sites on the route.

Sutherland made his senior début for Elgin City in the Third Division on 23 January 2010, while on loan from Inverness Caledonian Thistle. He was released by Inverness Caledonian Thistle at the end of the 2012–13 season, and signed for Elgin City in July 2013. After two season with Elgin, Sutherland moved to Scottish League One side Peterhead in June 2015, signing a one-year contract. At the end of his contract Sutherland returned to Borough Briggs for his third spell with Elgin.

In 1888 the Lanarkshire and Ayrshire Railway opened a line from Giffen on the Glasgow, Barrhead and Kilmarnock Joint Railway to Ardrossan. Its purpose was to shorten the route for Caledonian mineral traffic, and it was worked by the Caledonian. In 1903–04 it was extended eastwards to Cathcart and Newton, enabling the heavy mineral trains to avoid the Joint Line and the congested area around Gushetfaulds from the Lanarkshire coalfields to Ardrossan Harbour.John Thomas, Forgotten Railways: Scotland, David and Charles, Newton Abbot, 1976, , pp.

At this early stage the Caledonian Railway saw itself as the future creator of an extensive network in Scotland, and it set about gaining control of as many other railways as possible. It did so not by purchasing them, but by leasing them. This had the advantage that no payment was required at first, only a periodical payment much later. The Caledonian negotiated with the SCR, the SMJR and the Aberdeen Railway and believed it had captured them, but the SCR had other ideas.

"BCAL Atlantic growth", Flight International, 20 September 1973, p. 466 This entailed expanding the inherited scheduled network to provide effective competition to established rivals on a number of key routes, as well as augmenting the acquired fleet with the latest generation narrow-, widebody and supersonic transport airliners to maintain a competitive edge."Airline Profile: Number Forty-Two in the Series — British Caledonian", Flight International, 3 August 1972, p. 156"Airline Profile: Number Forty-Two in the Series — British Caledonian", Flight International, 3 August 1972, p.

She then made over 100 applications before securing a job as pilot at Genair, a small commuter airline based at Humberside Airport. In March 1984, Harmer joined British Caledonian and flew BAC One-Elevens for three years. She then started flying the long haul McDonnell Douglas DC-10. In 1987, British Caledonian merged with British Airways, the airline operating Concorde in the UK. At that time, British Airways employed over 3000 pilots, but only 60 of them were women and no woman had ever piloted Concorde.

Most of these packs are produced by the philatelic departments of national post offices. However, there is nothing to stop anyone from producing a pack by taking a set of stamps and designing their own holder. A number of private packs have been created in Britain to promote products, events, or simply as souvenirs including British Caledonian Airways for the Queen's Silver Jubilee in 1977Packs and Cards: British Caledonian Airways, Queen's Silver Jubilee 1977. and Scottish Wildlife Trust for the 1981 British Butterflies stamps.

603x603px Caledonian Lane is a street in Melbourne. It is a short, quiet and narrow (4 metre wide) open laneway, running between Little Bourke Street and Lonsdale Street in the central business district of Melbourne. Caledonian Lane is most notable as the former home to the St Jerome's Laneway Festival. It is also notable due to controversial developments in 2009 involving the redevelopment of the Post Office precinct and Department Store precinct also involving the shutting down of both St Jerome's and the festival.

Construction costs considerably exceeded estimates, and the Caledonian agreed to take over the line and make up the shortfall. Passenger operation started on 2 February 1863, and the Caledonian takeover was authorised by Act of Parliament of 25 July 1864. A connection from Quarter Junction to a colliery at Eddlewood was made some time after the opening. Passing through high country, the line was single at first although progressively doubled later: to Meikle Earnock on 11 January 1875 and to Quarter Road on 35 March 1875.

At this late date this would have been a prodigious commercial undertaking, and it is not clear how realistic it was. Nonetheless the Caledonian Railway was moved to promote a line itself, linking its Lesmahagow network with the G&SWR; at Darvel. The Caledonian opened the line from Strathaven to Darvel on 1 May 1902. The original Strathaven terminus was on the north-east side of the town, and the new line left the earlier route at Whiteshawgate Junction, a short distance north of the terminus.

The committee had eight directors, four each from the boards of the Caledonian and the London and North Western Railway (L&NWR;) which had absorbed the Lancaster & Carlisle in 1859. To improve freight services the Carlisle Goods Traffic Committee was formed after the Carlisle Citadel Station Act of 1873. The London & North Western, Midland, Caledonian and Glasgow & South Western each had two directors on the committee. To minimise the danger to passengers, a goods avoidance line was constructed to divert freight trains around the station.

The Highland managed to sell all six locomotives to the Caledonian Railway, and legend has it that they made a profit of £500 per engine in the process. They were out of gauge to the 'Caley' as well, but the modifications required were slight and quickly made. In Caledonian service they proved reliable and were well liked by their crews, despite their being outside-cylindered and the 'Caley' being an inside-cylinder line. They spent most of their lives on fast goods between Aberdeen and Carlisle.

The station was rebuilt and the junction remodelled by the Caledonian Railway in 1919 following their takeover of the Scottish Central Railway. The Caledonian Railway built the nearby Gleneagles Hotel, which opened in 1925. The hotel served as the location for the G8 summit in 2005 and is a well-known golf resort; Gleneagles hosted the 2014 Ryder Cup. In anticipation of the 2014 Ryder Cup, Gleneagles railway station underwent a major refurbishment as part of a £7 million program to improve transport infrastructure in the area.

This was the Stobcross Railway. Traffic started on 20 October 1870, and it formed an important goods artery for NBR. The Caledonian Railway were granted running powers to reach the dock from Sighthill, a long and difficult transit over NBR tracks, and the NBR placed every obstacle in the way of the Caledonian. Next the NBR sponsored another nominally independent company, the Glasgow, Yoker and Clydebank Railway, which left the GD&HR; line near Jordanhill and ran to industrial locations, especially shipyards, on the Clyde.

The Caledonian Railway had no access to any of the industry and dock sites on the north bank of the Clyde west of Stobcross (except at the Bowling canal basin of the Forth and Clyde Canal, having bought out the canal in 1853). The company used a variant spelling of 'Dunbartonshire'. In 1891 a Parliamentary Bill was submitted for the Lanarkshire and Dumbartonshire Railway (L&DR;). It was nominally independent, although promoted with heavy Caledonian support, and the authorising Act was passed on 5 August 1891.

The Kilsyth and Bonnybridge line opened on 2 July 1888.John Thomas, Forgotten Railways: Scotland, David and Charles, Newton Abbot, 1976, Immediately prior to the opening the Company agreed with the NBR and the Caledonian to operate the railway as a "common line" with both those companies permitted to operate trains over it; the NBR had running powers to Larbert over the Caledonian Railway. Station staffing was at the expense of the K&BR; itself. Infrastructure maintenance was carried out by each company in alternate years.

The 2003–04 Scottish Challenge Cup was the 13th season of the competition, competed for by all 30 members of the Scottish Football League. The defending champions were Queen of the South, who defeated Brechin City 2–0 in the 2002 final. Queen of the South were eliminated in the first round after defeat against Stranraer The final was played on 26 October 2003, between Inverness Caledonian Thistle and Airdrie United at McDiarmid Park, Perth. Inverness Caledonian Thistle won 2–0, to claim their first 'major' cup.

The Caledonian had agreed to work the line; there were to be two trains each way daily. The Caledonian paid the C&OR; a toll for the use of the Callander station and the short section of line to the DD&CR; section. Anderson had arranged for (road) coach connections at Killin for tourists and others; he described Glen Ogle as the Khyber Pass of Scotland. Summer passenger carryings were better than Anderson had expected, and soon a third daily return trip was added to the timetable.

As part of its SFL membership bid, Caledonian Thistle had pledged to find a new ground by August 1995. The league granted an extension to August 1996, as the proposed new site required £900,000 of funding from Inverness District Council. The club threatened to resign from the SFL if the funding was not provided, but it was authorised by a 14-12 majority in December 1995. The new Caledonian Stadium was opened in 1996 and Telford Street Park was demolished to make way for a retail park.

On 7 July 2017, Middlesbrough announced that Elsdon would be joining Inverness Caledonian Thistle on an initial 6-month loan deal, with a view to an extension until the end of the season. Elsdon made his debut for the club in the Scottish League Cup, coming on as a late substitute against Brechin City for Iain Vigurs. He would later make his league debut on the first day of the Scottish Championship season, starting in a 0–1 loss against Dundee United at the Caledonian Stadium.

It was caused by the closure of the Iapetus Ocean when the continents and terranes of Laurentia, Baltica and Avalonia collided. The Caledonian orogeny is named for Caledonia, the Latin name for Scotland. The name was first used in 1885 by Austrian geologist Eduard Suess for an episode of mountain building in northern Europe that predated the Devonian period. Geologists like Émile Haug and Hans Stille saw the Caledonian orogeny as one of several episodic phases of mountain building that had occurred during Earth's history.

The league has been somewhat weakened by the departure of many former members who have subsequently joined the SFL. This happened in 1994 when Caledonian, Inverness Thistle and Ross County left. Until then the HFL had operated with 18 clubs; this was reduced by the departure of the three mentioned clubs, but Wick Academy from the North Caledonian Football League were elected, to create a league of 16 clubs. This was the state of affairs till 2000 when Elgin City and Peterhead were elected into the SFL.

In 1902 the Friockheim viaduct (on the spur between Friockheim Junction and Glasterlaw) was in need of major reconstruction work; this was carried out over two years at considerable expense to the Caledonian: the major user was the NBR. Nonetheless traffic soon declined; Caledonian Railway trains between Dundee and Aberdeen were discontinued from 1 February 1908 and the spur line closed once again, this time finally.Ferguson, page 115; on page 161 he says January 1908. Between 1907 and 1912 the Arbroath station was reconstructed and modernised.

The Caledonian main line in 1879 The first main line cemented the configuration of the Caledonian Railway route to England. It was enhanced by subsequent improvement of the route into Glasgow, as well as extension of the Edinburgh terminal named Princes Street, completed in 1870 and the expansion of goods facilities in Carlisle. The final development of the route had taken place by 1879, when the Glasgow terminal at Glasgow Central was opened. The station was considerably more convenient than the terminals previously in use.

Sean Welsh (born 15 March 1990) is a Scottish footballer, who plays as a midfielder for Inverness Caledonian Thistle in the Scottish Championship. He has previously played for Hibernian, Stenhousemuir, Stirling Albion, Partick Thistle and Falkirk.

He has a personal best of and is the New Caledonian national record holder. He won three straight national titles at the French Athletics Championships from 2007 to 2009.Bertrand Vili. IAAF. Retrieved 22 April 2018.

In November 2004, Brewster accepted the job of player–manager with Inverness Caledonian Thistle. He helped to establish the club in the Scottish Premier League after John Robertson had left to take the position at Hearts.

The Koniambo mine and smelter, a multibillion-dollar operation, entered production in 2014. Dang, now in his late 70s, is President and CEO of SMSP, and strongly protective of New Caledonian ownership in its mining interests.

The University has been working with the Caledonian College of Engineering (now the National University of Science and Technology, Oman) since 1996 and offers its largest programme of transnational education there to undergraduate and postgraduate students.

82 YEARS LATER on behalf of the families of the eight Brits who won the first curling gold medals. The winning team was selected by the Royal Caledonian Curling Club, Perth, the mother club of curling.

Jack Smith (born 27 December 1994) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a striker for Caledonian Braves. He previously played for St Mirren, East Fife, Greenock Morton, Arbroath, East Kilbride, Stenhousemuir, BSC Glasgow and Spartans.

It contains samples from a Caledonian MacBrayne ferry and the waves on Calgary Bay in Mull. "Barcode Bypass" is about a small shopkeeper threatened by the supermarkets, and "Watching Xanadu" is about watching the film Xanadu.

Between 1853 and 1935 twenty-five 'Grand Matches' or bonspiels were held at the Royal Caledonian Curling Club's own pond at Carsebreck Loch in Perth and Kinross served by the society's own private Carsbreck railway station.

From 21 January 2019 the Argyll Ferries service was transferred by Transport Scotland into the existing Caledonian MacBrayne Clyde and Hebrides Ferry Service contract, and from 12 November 2019 Ali Cat was seen in CalMac livery.

Patrick "Rocky" Nyikeine (born 26 May 1992)Profile is a New Caledonian international footballer for who plays as goalkeeper for Hienghène Sport and the New Caledonia national team. He played in the 2012 OFC Nations Cup.

Geological map of Fennoscandia. The Svecofennian orogen is shown in yellow. The blue areas to the west are the Transscandinavian Igneous Belt. The nappes emplaced by the much younger Caledonian orogeny are shown in light green.

Air Caledonian was an airline based in Prestwick, Scotland. It was a short- lived airline operating services from Prestwick to the Scottish islands. Its main base was Glasgow Prestwick International Airport. It ceased operations in 2005.

Lady Henrietta appears as one of the only two female curlers in the large assembly of famous curlers known as Curling at Carsebeck, painted for the Royal Caledonian Curling Club by Charles Martin Hardie in 1899.

The National Union for Independence (, UNI) is a militant socialist pro- independence alliance of political parties in New Caledonia. It is a component of the Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS) along with the Caledonian Union.

On one occasion, the loss of an engine forced a Lerwick to make an emergency landing in the Caledonian Canal. The aircraft was then towed to Oban at the end of a string of coal barges.

The remaining three blocks are called the Clock tower blocks after the market Clock Tower which still stands in Caledonian Park. This contains a working clock used as a prototype for the mechanism of Big Ben.

He was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Caledonian Railway (CR) from 1847–1856, the Eastern Counties Railway (ECR) from 1856–1862 and, following a merger of railways, of the Great Eastern Railway (GER) from 1862–1865.

The Caledonian Cricket Club was founded c.1850 and used this ground for their matches, together with another ground in Kelvinbridge (where Glasgow Academy is now situated – the school took over the Kelvinbridge site in 1878).

Cumulative frequency figure for GFMT (short version). The Glasgow Face Matching Test (GFMT) was created by researchers at the University of Glasgow and at Glasgow Caledonian University.The Glasgow face matching test. Burton, A. M., White,D.

The Edinburgh and Glasgow formed an increasingly close alliance with the North British Railway, and it was clear that this would result in polarisation into an East Coast group; the obvious consequence was closer alliance between the SCR and the Caledonian, and amalgamation was seriously discussed: it resulted in formal amalgamation by Act of Parliament on 5 July 1865, taking effect on 1 August 1865. The Scottish Central Railway ceased to exist, except to wind up the company. The operation of SCR trains to Glasgow into Queen Street over the E&GR; continued: it had done so even during the period when the Caledonian was working the SCR. However this changed from 1 January 1870, by which time the Caledonian had enlarged its Buchanan Street terminal in Glasgow, and SCR trains now ran to that station.

For some years the relationship between the Wemyss Bay company and the Caledonian had been prickly, the smaller company believing that its interests were not being taken into account. In January 1887 the Wemyss Bay company applied to the Railway and Canal Commissioners to compel the Caledonian to transfer their trains to Glasgow Central station: at that time they were still using the less convenient (to the public) Bridge Street; but the application failed. (Bridge Street continued to be used for Caledonian operations from the Paisley direction until 1905.M E Quick, Railway Passenger Stations in England Scotland and Wales—A Chronology, The Railway and Canal Historical Society, 2002 The more stable financial situation enabled more harmonious working, and the disadvantageous circumstances of the Caledonian's operation at Greenock made the Wemyss Bay route more attractive to them.

Drummond adapted No. 123's design from his recently- introduced 66 Class 4-4-0 design (new examples of which were still being introduced to service when No. 123 was constructed). As locomotive superintendent of the Caledonian and designer of the 66 Class, protocol of the time dictated that Drummond was credited with the design of No. 123. However it is believed that William Weir (Drummond's chief draughtsman at the St. Rollox railway works) and Edward Snowball (Weir's counterpart at Neilson's) carried out the actual adaptation and design of the new Single. Drummond and the Caledonian also co-operated with another major Scottish locomotive builder, Dübs and Company, to produce a second engine for the same Exhibition. This resulted in Caledonian No. 124, a 4-4-0 which was, in essence, a more powerful 66 Class.

In 1998 the stadium hosted Group D of the 1998 UEFA European Under-16 Championship, specifically Russia, Ukraine and Croatia. With Israel being hosted in neighbouring Dingwall. The Caledonian Stadium also hosted a 4–1 win of Portugal over Israel in the Quarter Finals. The stadium also hosted Scotland in a 1–1 draw against the Czech Republic in an unsuccessful attempt of qualifying for the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup, despite topping their group, losing 7–1 on aggregate to Spain. When the club won promotion to the Scottish Premier League (SPL) in 2004, they faced a problem in that the Caledonian Stadium did not meet a SPL requirement for stadiums to have 10,000 seats. At that time, the Caledonian Stadium had a total capacity of 6,280 and only 2,280 seats. Inverness CT agreed to groundshare with Aberdeen at Pittodrie.

The former British Airtours 737s were re-configured in British Airways' contemporary short-haul two-class cabin arrangement and began to replace the BAC One-Eleven 500s which British Airways had inherited from British Caledonian on the UK flag carrier's short-haul Gatwick routes. During 1995, British Airways decided to exit the short- to medium-haul package holiday market; accordingly, the airline sold Caledonian Airways to British- based tour operator Inspirations, which was then a part of the American-owned Carlson group, along with the firm's core fleet of five Tristars. Following Caledonian's sale to Inspirations, the Boeing 757s were returned to British Airways. During 1999, Inspirations became part of the Thomas Cook group when Caledonian Airways was merged with the Flying Colours airline to form JMC Air Services, which in turn became the British arm of the present day Thomas Cook Airlines.

South Lanarkshire Railways in 1856The original purpose of the Caledonian had been the carriage of passengers and goods over long distances, but during the lengthy period before the opening of the main line, the mineral potential of the lands around the Caledonian route became significant. This was enhanced by the flourishing iron industry in the Monklands and elsewhere, which generated a demand for coal and iron ore. The minerals were readily available, and all that was needed was cheap transport. In 1846 a branch line to collieries in Lesmahagow and Coalburn had been proposed; 63 million tons of workable coal deposits were believed to exist, and an Act authorising its construction was obtained in 1847, but the financial slump of that period, and the serious financial difficulties in which the Caledonian found itself, prevented raising the money to build the line.

Passenger services on the line are operated by Abellio ScotRail and Caledonian Sleeper: six daily return services between Glasgow Queen Street and Oban, three daily return services between Glasgow Queen Street and Mallaig, and one nightly (except Saturdays) Caledonian Sleeper service between London Euston and Fort William. During the summer season from May until October a steam locomotive-hauled daily return service between Fort William and Mallaig known as The Jacobite is operated by West Coast Railways. There is one train a day in May, September and October, and two trains per day from June until the end of August. Onward ferry connections operated by Caledonian MacBrayne are available from Mallaig to the Isle of Skye, to the small isles of Rùm, Eigg, Muck, and Canna, to South Uist, and to Inverie on the Knoydart peninsula.

The NBR had agreed a takeover arrangement with the moribund Port Carlisle Dock and Railway Company and the Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Company. These two lines had a Carlisle station; a connecting line to the Caledonian Railway at Carlisle Citadel station was planned, and they had a west coast port, at Silloth. On 21 July 1859 the Border Union (North British Railway) Act authorising the Carlisle Extension (now named the Border Union Railway) and permitting the acquisition of the Carlisle minor railways received the Royal Assent. It specified that the line "should not be used for the purposes of undue competition with the Caledonian Railway in respect of traffic between Edinburgh and Carlisle", but it did give the NBR power to enter Citadel station, over the short connecting line to the Caledonian, authorised the previous year.

The company had physical access to the WCML via Port Carlisle Junction and Port Carlisle Branch Junction and legal access via running rights, but the Caledonian and LNWR conspired to make life difficult, by, for example, refusing through bookings for passengers from the NBR. Indirect evidence that the NBR never used Canal station is given by the short- lived station at . To get to Carlisle Canal station trains from Silloth, Port Carlisle and the Waverley Route had to swing south east at Port Carlisle Junction; to get to Carlisle Citadel they had to swing north east at the junction then join what is now the West Coast Main Line at Port Carlisle Branch Junction. The Caledonian Railway (Caledonian) then charged monies for (and created obstructions against) using the last nine tenths of a mile to Citadel.

Sonia Backès (born 21 May 1976) is a French politician in New Caledonia. She is the current leader of the Caledonian Republicans party and the President of the Provincial Assembly of South Province since May 17, 2019.

Adrien Kela (born 23 July 1991) is a New Caledonian middle distance athlete whose main event is the 800 metres. Kela currently holds two of New Caledonia's national records (800m and 1000m).Adrien Kela's profile. All- Athletics.

"Annales Cambriae." In Lacy, Norris J. (Ed.), The New Arthurian Encyclopedia, p. 65. New York: Garland. . Cat Coit Celidon is probably a reference to the Caledonian Forest (Coed Celyddon) which once covered the Southern Uplands of Scotland.

Like its neighbour Paicî, Cèmuhî is one of the few Austronesian languages which have developed contrastive tone. However, unlike other New Caledonian tonal languages, Cèmuhî has three tonal registers: high, mid, and low tones. Rivierre (1972, 1980).

The A83 road runs southwest from Tarbert to Campbeltown. The village is served by a Caledonian MacBrayne ferry service, which connects Tarbert with Portavadie in the Cowal peninsula during the summer, and Lochranza on Arran in winter.

Glasgow Caledonian University is one of only two universities in Scotland to meet the Scottish Government's Commission for Widening Access target, which requires students from deprived areas to make up 20 per cent of entrants by 2030.

MacIntosh, Jim. (2006). Glasgow and the Caledonian Railway. Chapter 2, In: Cameron (2006). In 1883, St Enoch railway station became the headquarters of the Glasgow and South Western Railway, and all services were diverted to St Enoch.

Thomas Schmidt (born 4 June 1996) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Lössi. He made his debut for the national team on March 25, 2016 in their 1–0 loss against Vanuatu.

This marine species occurs off the Maldives, New Caledonia and New South Wales (Australia). The New Caledonian occurrence may actually be Trochus (Monilea) rhodomphalus Souverbie, 1875.Souverbie, Journal de Conchyliologie, 1875, p. 36, PI. 4, fig. 3.

Little is known of the New Caledonian stingaree's natural history. It is presumed to be aplacental viviparous, bearing small litters, like other members of its family. Newborns measure roughly long; males attain sexual maturity at roughly long.

Inspirations became part of the Thomas Cook in 2000. Caledonian Airways was merged with Flying Colours Airlines to form JMC Air. Who then renamed to Thomas Cook Airlines, being part of the newly formed Thomas Cook AG.

Following a brief period with Bishop Auckland, Jackson was signed by Inverness Caledonian Thistle in February 2006, playing till the end of the season. He then returned to the Northern League, to sign for Horden Colliery Welfare.

She has received Honorary degrees from several institutions: in 2009 a Doctorate of Letters from Glasgow Caledonian University, in 2015 an honorary degree from the University of Stirling and from the Open University on 29 October 2016.

Enneapterygius rhothion, the New Caledonian blackhead surf triplefin or surf triplefin, is a species of triplefin blenny in the genus Enneapterygius. It was described by Ronald Fricke in 1997. This species occurs in New Caledonia and Vanuatu.

Simplified geological map of Fennoscandia. The Caledonian nappes are shown in green. Note the windows of bedrock belonging to the Transscandinavian Igneous Belt in blue. The Svecofennian and Sveconorwegian provinces are shown in yellow and salmon respectively.

Christie was born in Inverness in 1995; he is the son of footballer Charlie Christie, who was playing for Caledonian Thistle at the time and who had previously been a reserve player with Celtic. Christie joined the Inverness Caledonian Thistle youth system aged 10, before eventually signing his first professional contract in 2011. He signed a new deal with the club under Terry Butcher, and was among several youngsters to be promoted to the club's first team. Christie made his debut in the Scottish Premiership against Celtic on 29 December 2013.

Formed in 1969 as the British Caledonian Airways Pipe Band, the band won the World Pipe Band Championships (Grade 2) in 1977. By then known as the British Caledonian Airways (Gatwick) Pipe Band, the group was upgraded to Grade 1 the following year. After a change in sponsorship, the band became known as Power of Scotland (in 1989) and, finally, ScottishPower in the early 1990s. 1995 marked a new area for the band as they switched from their distinctive Ancient Caledonia kit to the newly developed ScottishPower tartan.

A product of the Scottish Highland Football League, Park was educated at Lochaber High School in the Highlands of North West Scotland. Donald Park joined Highland League club Inverness Caledonian as a 16-year-old in 1969. He was good friends with George Campbell, who became a professional footballer for Aberdeen FC. As a youth Park also played shinty. Park was capped several times at amateur international level by Scotland whilst with both Inverness Caledonian FC and Hearts FC. Park turned professional when he signed for Heart of Midlothian in 1972.

Lord Elgin had declared that he would oppose the Bill unless the railway were carried through tunnel at Neidpath on his property. The Caledonian declined to do this, but in the face of determined opposition finally conceded the point. The original directors of the SB&BR; were local men and the power politics and large capital sums were making them uncomfortable, so that they petitioned the Caledonian in 1860 to take over the entire SB&BR; system. This was agreed and an Act authorising the amalgamation was passed on 1 August 1861.

System map of the Dolphinton BranchesThe Caledonian Railway opened its main lines between Glasgow, Edinburgh and Carlisle in 1848 - 1849. From the outset the company strove to capture as much territory as possible by leasing locally promoted lines, intending to achieve early dominance in areas against the rival North British Railway (NBR), the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway, and the Glasgow and South Western Railway. This aggressive stance against large competitors characterised the Caledonian for many decades. In 1855 the independent Peebles Railway opened its line, connecting Edinburgh with Peebles.

The Caledonian Railway lines to Edinburgh started with the main line that reached Edinburgh in 1848 as part of its route connecting the city with Glasgow and Carlisle. The potential of the docks at Granton and Leith led to branch line extensions, and residential development encouraged branch lines in what became the suburbs of Edinburgh. In 1869 a line was opened from Carfin through Shotts giving the Caledonian a shorter route between Glasgow and Edinburgh. In the twentieth century the industrial decline of the areas served resulted in closures.

The first Caledonian Railway main lineThe Caledonian Railway entered Edinburgh on 15 February 1848 when it opened its Edinburgh line from Carstairs to a terminus at Lothian Road. A locomotive depot was established at Dalry Road. This completed the first continuous railway line between Edinburgh and England; trains from Edinburgh combined with trains from Glasgow at Carstairs, and ran to London in combination. The rival North British Railway had already opened southwards from Edinburgh but for the time being passengers had to change at Berwick-upon-Tweed to cross the River Tweed on foot.

Born in Brora, Sutherland began his career at Inverness Caledonian Thistle, making his senior debut in January 2015. He spent time on loan at Highland League club Brora Rangers during the second half of the 2015–16 season, and signed his first professional contract with Inverness Caledonian Thistle at the end of that season. After being released by Caley Thistle in January 2017, Sutherland signed for Scottish League Two side Elgin City on a deal until the end of the 2016–17 season, subsequently signing a new contract in June 2017.

In the same 1845 session several other lines were promoted. Not all of them were as ambitious as the Caledonian scheme, but among them were the Scottish Central Railway linking Perth with the two dominant railways in central Scotland, the (as yet unbuilt) Caledonian and the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway. Also authorised was the Scottish Midland Junction Railway from Perth to Forfar. Already in existence was the Arbroath and Forfar Railway, on a broadly west to east axis, and with the distinctive track gauge of 5 ft 6in (1,676 mm).

The line between Aberdeen and Kinnaber Junction remains in use; passenger services are operated (2015) by Abellio ScotRail with a limited through passenger service to London operated by London North Eastern Railway. In addition a night sleeper service to London Euston is operated by Caledonian Sleeper. The section between Brechin and Bridge of Dun is operated as a heritage railway by the Caledonian Railway (Brechin). On 12 August 2020, a derailment occurred near the site of the former Carmont railway station; three people - the driver, a conductor and a passenger - were killed.

The project was a partnership between Glasgow Caledonian University, Northwestern University, Michigan State University and BBC Information and Archives. The lead British institution was Glasgow Caledonian University, with the team based at the Saltire Centre. The project had a unique ‘legal deposit’ agreement with the BBC that allows access to the BBC archives "for educational uses only". Television and radio programmes from the BBC archives and other sources were then made available in a digital form through the website to educational users across the UK, the EU, the US and beyond.

The cafeteria and servery was situated aft of the saloon and in common with vessels of the time, she was fitted out with a number of sleeping berths allowing passengers to embark the night before an early departure. Early in her Caledonian MacBrayne career, she was fitted with stabilisers, improving stability. Suilven was the first vessel in the Caledonian MacBrayne fleet to carry the fleet branding on the hull side in large steel letters, welded to the hull side. Air conditioning was fitted for her service in Fiji.

The highest point on the Caledonian Railway Main Line north of the border (built by the Caledonian Railway and opened on 15 February 1848), it is located 52 miles (83 km) south of Glasgow Central and 349 miles (558 km) north of London Euston stations. The height of the summit is 1,033 feet (315 m) above sea level. The signboard by the rail track records the elevation as . The summit is the watershed between the River Clyde to the north and Evan Water, a tributary of the River Annan to the south.

The Improved Precedent ("Jumbo") 2-4-0 was as fast but could not take such a heavy load. Caledonian was still running the Drummond 4-4-0s but now complemented by the Lambie version with increased boiler pressure and estimated by Nock to have averaged over an stretch. In August up until the time of the serious racing the express trains ran 8 to 15 carriages ("comparatively light", up to ) with LNER and Caledonian double-heading when there were more than about 12 carriages. GNR never ran double-headed, pulling up to .

The Cincinnati Caledonian Pipes and Drums was first formed around 1912, making it one of the oldest bands in the United States, by a Scottish immigrant, William Lorne Nimmo, whose family first moved to Canada then to Cincinnati. William Nimmo was a Lieutenant in the police force. After moving to Cincinnati, Nimmo set about putting together a pipe band, and as he states in his autobiography “I organized a pipe band, assisted by some good businessmen of the Caledonian Society.” When the band was first started, it had some 20 members.

On the other hand, the early Paleozoic rocks were deformed and metamorphosed to a higher degree during the Caledonian orogeny (about 450 million years ago). Both the Caledonian basement and the low grade cover rocks were deformed again during the Hercynian orogeny (about 350-280 million years ago). This phase of deformation created a large northeast-southwest oriented anticline that runs across the Belgian part of the Rhenish Massif (the Ardennes anticline). In the core of this anticline a number of massifs of early Paleozoic rocks crop out.

All that remains of the former ground is a gymnasium and a bowling club. The gymnasium is a World War II war memorial. The original Caledonian complex dated back to 1876, when the city's Caledonian society moved to South Dunedin from their home at the North Ground in Dunedin North. The ground, and its grandstand, were purchased by the Dunedin City Council in 1943, and were extensively developed after public meetings in late 1950 to decide on a public utility which could also serve as a war memorial.

The Caledonian Railway 60 Class were 4-6-0 passenger engines designed by William Pickersgill and introduced in 1916. Six were built by the Caledonian Railway at its own St Rollox works in 1916–17, and all of them passed into LMS ownership in 1923. A further twenty locomotives of a slightly modified design were built by the LMS under the auspices of George Hughes in the period 1925–1926. The 60 Class were rugged and free steaming, but were unsophisticated and of lethargic performance for their size.

When the Caledonian Railway opened its line throughout in 1848, it had a connection to Greenhill, joining the E&GR; and the Scottish Central Railway there. The SCR gave access to Stirling and Perth and was an important connecting route. Moreover, the Caledonian and the SCR concluded a working arrangement which they expected to lead to formal merger. The E&GR; needed to ensure that it got access to the Stirling and Perth line from the Edinburgh direction, and to do so it sponsored the Stirlingshire Midland Junction Railway.

The Siege of Burnswark Hill was a battle for control of a Caledonian hillfort fought between the defending Caledonian Selgovae tribe and Roman legions taking part in Quintus Lollius Urbicus' conquest of the Scottish Lowlands. The siege took place at present day Burnswark in southwestern Scotland near Lockerbie and resulted in a Roman victory. Little is known about the actual battle from historical texts save from its context which has been well documented. Much of what is known including troop positions and movements has been gleaned from archaeological work at the site of the battle.

At that time both the Caledonian trains and the G&SWR; trains were using Bridge Street station in Glasgow; that station became very congested. The desperate competition for business, and duplication of steamer sailings, continued for some time, until in March 1871 a traffic pooling agreement was reached: the CR would receive 57.67% of traffic income. The Wemyss Bay company now protested: it had not been involved in the pooling negotiations and it demanded a better share. The dispute went to arbitration, and the arbitrator's award went against the Caledonian Railway.

The SPL initially rejected the groundsharing application, but accepted it on appeal. The SPL also voted to reduce the 10,000 seat requirement to 6,000. Inverness CT played at Pittodrie for the first two rounds of fixtures of the 2004–05 season, while redevelopment works were carried out at the Caledonian Stadium. St Mirren in May 2008 at the Caledonian Stadium. The redevelopment in 2004–05 included the construction of two new stands at either end of the ground, which made the stadium all-seater and increased its capacity to over 7,500.

The New Caledonian owlet-nightjar (Aegotheles savesi), also known as the enigmatic owlet-nightjar, is a large owlet-nightjar with vermiculated grey- brown and black plumage. It has a long, slightly rounded tail, short, rounded wings, and long, stout legs. Its voice is unknown, but other owlet-nightjar species make churring and whistling sounds. It is the second-largest known owlet-nightjar (only the extinct New Zealand owlet-nightjar was larger), much larger than the Australian owlet-nightjar. The New Caledonian owlet-nightjar is endemic to New Caledonia’s Melaleuca savanna and humid forests.

Veillon described how the morphology of New Caledonian Araucaria conforms to these models and noticed that species following the Rauh model have bigger leaves. He also designed a key to help in field identification, based on characters fixed in adults, so ecological factors impacting tree morphology won't interfere with identification. New Caledonian Araucaria species belong to the Eutacta section, one of the four sections defined by Wilde and Eames in 1952.Wilde MH, AJ Eames. 1952. The ovule and “seed” of Araucaria bidwillii with discussion of the taxonomy of the genus.

This strong homology and A. heterophylla as a sister group of New Caledonian species (the Norfolk Island being relatively young, less than 3 million years old) are first elements suggesting a recent differentiation of Araucaria trees in New Caledonia. This hypothesis comes in opposition of an older Gondwanan origin. Gaudeul et al. attempted in 2012 to better describe the evolutionary relationships and diversification of New Caledonian species by using AFLP markers and by performing Bayesian, genetic distances and cladistics analyses.Gaudeul M., Rouhan G., Gardner MF. and Hollingsworth PM. 2012.

He then signed for Inverness Caledonian Thistle, where he was given a twelve-month professional contract and then signed a one-year contract extension with Caley Thistle in May 2008. He made his home debut for Inverness Caledonian Thistle in May 2008 in a 6–1 win over Gretna. He assisted Ross Tokely's goal and then a minute later scored a goal with a volley. In the 2008–09 season, Vigurs first team opportunities were limited under managers Craig Brewster and Terry Butcher; which saw Inverness relegated to Scottish Division One.

The land belonged to Sir Graham Graham-Montgomery, and was purchased from him for £20,425. The location of the proposed reservoir was remote and large quantities of construction materials would be required to construct the earth dam. The Water Trust decided to construct a private railway for the purpose: the Talla Railway. The Peebles branch of the Caledonian Railway (which had been built as the Symington, Biggar and Broughton Railway) ran west to east through Broughton, and the Trust negotiated with the Caledonian Railway over a private branch line connection.

In subsequent years several approaches were made, but the Caledonian had clearly evaluated the potential loss from agreeing to operate a branch line to such a small community, and continued to decline to do so. In 1910 a contract was awarded to P J Maclennan Ltd of Glasgow to remove the track, in the sum of £6,431 and this was done over the following two years, using a hired-in Caledonian locomotive. The track materials were completely stripped. Only the ballast and formation remain, and can still be traced.

During its ten-year existence Caledonian suffered two accidents, one of which was fatal. The fatal accident occurred on 4 March 1962. A Douglas DC-7C named Star of Robbie Burns (registration: G-ARUD) operating the Douala—Lisbon sector of Caledonian Airways flight 153 (a Lourenço Marques – Luxembourg charter on behalf of Trans Africa Air Coach of London) crashed shortly after a night takeoff from Douala Airport's runway 12, killing all 111 occupants (ten crew and 101 passengers). At the time of the accident, the weather was very hot and humid.

Douglas DC-7C wearing the original colour scheme at Manchester in July 1964 when operating an inclusive tour service to Barcelona Bristol 175 Britannia 314 G-ATMA in the later scheme at Manchester in August 1966 Caledonian Airways was a wholly private, independentindependent from government-owned corporations Scottish charter airline formed in April 1961. It began with a single 104-seat Douglas DC-7C leased from Sabena.Aeroplane (Commercial Aviation Affairs: Caledonian Equipment), Vol. 101, No. 2613, p. 636, Temple Press, London, 16 November 1961Flying to the sun – A history of Britain's holiday airlines: 10.

The fare level was to be similar to Loftleiðir's. Douglas DC-6B G-ASRZ in the original scheme at Berlin Tempelhof in June 1964 During summer 1964, Caledonian added two leased Douglas DC-6Bssourced from Sabena to its fleet to complement the DC-7Cs. The additional aircraft enabled Caledonian to operate an expanded European IT charter programme from Gatwick, Manchester and Prestwick.serving 17 destinations by the end of the decade On 21 September 1964, the ATLB announced its decision to reject Caledonian's application for a licence to operate transatlantic scheduled services.

From July 1865, the Caledonian Railway adopted "a version of the Scottish arms, without, so far as is known, getting the blessing of the Lord Lyon King of Arms". This was a lion rampant with a riband bearing the motto of the Order of the Thistle, Nemo me impune lacessit. Above there was a crest showing helmet surmounted by a crown; the supporters were unicorns. This was slightly modified in August 1866 and from September 1888 a further riband was added below the motto; this bore the words Caledonian Railway Company.

The Caledonian Railway first main lineThe main line was opened from Carlisle to Beattock on 10 September 1847, and throughout between Glasgow and Carlisle on 15 February 1848. A continuous railway route between Glasgow and London existed for the first time. (It had been possible to travel via Edinburgh and Newcastle upon Tyne since 1846, but this involved crossing the River Tweed at Berwick by road, and the River Tyne at Newcastle by ferry.) The Caledonian Railway's Edinburgh line from Carstairs opened on 1 April 1848. The terminal at Edinburgh was Lothian Road.

33 were also among the shareholders of the newly constituted airline. They included The Automobile Association (AA), Great Universal Stores (GUS), Hogarth Shipping,"£30m value put on Caledonian". Flight International, 26 May 1979, p. 1714 Lyle Shipping, Industrial and Commercial Finance Corporation (ICFC) – one of the two predecessors of Investors in Industry,3i's former name Kleinwort Benson, the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) and Schroders."British Airways Plc and British Caledonian Group plc; A report on the proposed merger" , Chapter 4, Competition Commission website"Second Force at last", Flight International, 29 October 1970, p.

View along Glen Affric Glen Affric is listed in the Caledonian Pinewood Inventory, and contains the third largest area of ancient Caledonian pinewoods in Scotland. Due to the importance of this woodland it has been classified as a national nature reserve since 2002, and holds several other conservation designations. The pinewood consists predominantly of Scots pine, but also includes broadleaved species such as birch, rowan, aspen, willows and alder. The forest floor hosts many plant species typically found in Scotland's pinewoods, including creeping ladies tresses, lesser twayblade, twinflower, and four species of wintergreen.

The Holyoke Caledonian Pipe Band is a pipe band based out of Holyoke, Massachusetts. Founded in 1910, it is the oldest pipe band in continuous existence in the United States. A regular feature in the Holyoke Saint Patrick's Day Parade since the first in 1952, the band also performs at Smith College's annual commencement, as well as charity and private events. The pipe band was first founded by two Scottish immigrants Bob Ramsay and Jim Robbie, soon after arriving in Holyoke, and was initially connected to the Holyoke Caledonian Benefit Club.

Agreement was secured to run over 1,170 yards (1,070 m) of that line, then diverging at Garnqueen to run north-east to Castlecary. The M&KR; was still using the old track gauge, but, now feeling its track to be outdated, it too agreed to convert the gauge to suit the Caledonian. Finally, the Caledonian promoters saw that the Clydesdale Junction Railway was being put forward. It was to connect the Wishaw and Coltness Motherwell and the south side of Glasgow, incorporating and upgrading an earlier horse-operated mineral line, the Polloc and Govan Railway.

The newly rebranded Caledonian Airways transferred its Gatwick operation from the airport's South Terminal into the then brand-new North Terminal, thereby concentrating the majority of the British Airways group's Gatwick services within the new terminal."BA pulls out of Gatwick South." Flight International, 16 July 1988. p. 12. Shortly thereafter, Caledonian Airways commenced the replacement of its Boeing 737 narrow-bodies with additional ex- British Airways L-1011 Tristar widebodies as well as with a number of brand- new Boeing 757s sourced from the large 757 orders placed by its parent company.

System map of the Glasgow Central Railway In 1845 the Caledonian Railway was authorised to build its line from Glasgow and Edinburgh to Carlisle. This was a main line railway, with no thought of local travel within the cities. By acquiring interests in other lines, the Caledonian soon had three terminal stations in Glasgow: Buchanan Street, South Side, and Bridge Street. None of these was very convenient to the city centre for passengers, and goods to and from shipping on the River Clyde was carted through the streets.

The station was opened on 15 July 1850 by the Caledonian and Dumbartonshire Junction RailwayRailscot - Caledonian & Dumbartonshire Junction Railway www.railbrit.co.uk; Retrieved 2013-10-10 on their route from to , where travellers could join steamships on the River Clyde to get to Glasgow. Connections with the Glasgow, Dumbarton and Helensburgh Railway at Dalreoch Junction and at Bowling put the station on a through route between and by 1858. The company was subsequently absorbed by the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway in 1862 and eventually became part of the North British Railway three years later.