Jackalls burthen 86 tons; Prince Lee Boos was 56 tons. (Burthen was a volumetric measure of cargo capacity, though expressed in tons.) As her burthen and several accounts attest, Prince Lee Boo was somewhat smaller than Jackal.Howay, Frederic W. A List of Trading Vessels in the Maritime Fur Trade, 1785–1825. Edited by Richard A Pierce.
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As a cutter she had a burthen of 202 tons (bm), and carried twelve 4-pounder guns.Winfield (2008), p.388. As a brig she had a burthen of 210 tons, was armed with 16 guns, and had a crew of 60 men.
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Thames was a -long, three- masted sailing ship of 370 tons burthen, built in Britain in 1801.
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This vessel served from 15 July 1809 to 17 October 1809. She was of 77 tons burthen.
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This made her 1,614 tons burthen (bm). Her build cost the Admiralty £33,621.9.1d plus a further £5,855.9.6d for finishing.
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With a burthen of 350 tons, she was much larger than Aladdin. She also had been sold in 1803.
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The hired armed lugger Hero served the Royal Navy in 1809 and is described as being of 40 tons burthen.
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For instance, when the British measured the captured , their calculations gave her a burthen of 1533 tons, whereas the American calculations gave the burthen as 1444 tons.Henderson, James, CBE (1994) The Frigates: An account of the lighter warships of the Napoleonic Wars, 1793-1815. (London:Leo Cooper), p.167. The British measure yields values about 6% greater than the American.
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They are close together. In 1792 Butterworths burthen changed to 390 tons after a "great repair" in 1791.Lloyd's Register (1792), Seq.№453.
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Inconstant displaced Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 47 and had a tonnage of 4,066 tons burthen. She carried a complement of 600 officers and ratings.Winfield & Lyon, p.
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The Commissioners of the Navy listed Epervoir, of 254 tons burthen, for sale at Plymouth in August 1801. She was sold on 7 September 1801.
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Lloyd's Register (1834) still listed Cretan but with no information beyond her burthen and location (London).Lloyd's Register (1834): №C827. She was no longer listed in 1835.
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They had a depth of hold of Canney, p. 114 and a draft of six feet. The ships were 970 tons burthen and displaced .Chesneau & Kolesnik, p.
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It is not entirely certain when Stirling first entered Lloyd's Register (LR). A Sterling, of 283 tons burthen, launched at Quebec in 1812, entered in 1813 with Greenwood, master, Burrows, owner, and trade Liverpool–St Croix.LR (1813), Supple. pages "S", Seq.№S11. Lloyd's Register for 1818 showed Sterling, launched in Quebec in 1812, of 383 tons burthen, with W. Fryer, master, changing to Bathgate, and Cook & Co., owners.
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Surry was a square-rigged transport ship of 443 tons burthen. She had an overall length of 117 ft. 6 ins., a breadth above the gunwales of 29 ft.
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Fame entered the Register of Shipping in 1813 with Shivewright, master, changing to Gardner, Linthorn, owner, changing to Bell & Co., burthen 475 tons, changing to 489 tons, and trade "London", changing to "London transport".Register of Shipping (1813), "F" supplemental pages. Lloyd's Register had Gardner, master, Linthorne, owner, burthen 489 tons, and trade London. The Register of Shipping for 1816 had Gardner, master, changing to Dale, and trade "London transport" changing to London—Botany Bay.
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The second Duchess of Cumberland was a cutter of eight guns and 65 tons burthen (bm). She served from 2 April 1793 to 27 October 1800.Winfield (2008), p.387.
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Gröner, p. 41 Measured at the gundeck, Thetis had a length of , a beam of and a depth of hold of . She was 1533 tons burthen in size and displaced .
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Winnebago was long overall and had a beam of . The ship had a depth of hold of Canney, p. 114 and a draft of . She was 970 tons burthen and displaced .
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Chickasaw was long overall and had a beam of . The ship had a depth of hold of Canney, p. 114 and a draft of . She was 970 tons burthen and displaced .
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The ship had a displacement of 93 tons burthen and was long at the keel, with a beam of and a draught of . The ship had a depth of hold of .
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However, gunnery was Broke's area of expertise, and the crew of Shannon were exceptionally well drilled for the era. At the time the official rating of a ship did not accurately reflect the number of cannon mounted. Thus HMS Shannon (1065 tons burthen) was classed as a 38 gun ship but mounted 48 guns in total. USS Chesapeake (1135 tons burthen) was variously rated a 36 or 38 gun ship but mounted 49 guns in total.
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Forward, the ships had a draught of , but aft they drew . They displaced from and had a burthen of 1,322 tons. The hull was built entirely from wood except for iron crossbeams.
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The Principal Officers and Commissioners of His Majesty's Navy offered "Rifleman, brig, 387 tons burthen", lying at Portsmouth, for sale on 21 January 1836. Rifleman sold on 21 January 1836 for £1,010.
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USS Milwaukee Milwaukee was long overall and had a beam of . The ship had a depth of hold of Canney, p. 114 and a draft of . She had 970 tons burthen and displaced .
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The John Adam was an Indian- built ship of about 580 tons burthen, appointed in 1821 for the accommodation of the mission of John Crawfurd to the Courts of Siam and Cochin China.
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Gröner, p. 41 Measured at the gundeck, Niobe had a length of , a beam of and a depth of hold of . She was 1051 tons burthen in sizeWinfield & Lyon, p. 116 and displaced .
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Kickapoo was long overall and had a beam of . The ship had a depth of hold of Canney, p. 114 and a draft of . She had a tonnage of 970 tons burthen and displaced .
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In 1838–9 Cumberland underwent conversion from steam to sail. She apparently was repaired/restored and became a barque. The removal of her engines and coal bunkers increased her burthen, i.e., her cargo capacity.
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As built, Eagle had an overall length of with a gundeck of . Her beam was with a hold depth of . She measured 1130 tons burthen. Construction costs were £14,767 exclusive of armament and rigging.
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She had a maximum speed of . Enlarged to accommodate the steam engine and its boilers, she displaced and the ship measured 2,631 tons burthen. She now measured between perpendiculars and her beam was increased to .
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The ship was long between perpendiculars and had a beam of . Forward, she had a draught of , and aft she drew . The ship displaced Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 49 and had a burthen of 1,322 tons.
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Amethyst was long between perpendiculars, had a beam of and had a draught of . The ship displaced and had a burthen of 1,405 tons. Her crew consisted of 225 officers and enlisted men.Lyon & Winfield, p.
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Canney, pp. 21–22 As built, Galena was long between perpendiculars and long overall. She had a beam of , a depth of hold of , and a draft of . The ship displaced and had 738 tons burthen.
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Ballard, p. 55 The Volage-class ships were long between perpendiculars and had a beam of . Forward, the ships had a draught of , but aft they drew . They displaced and had a burthen of 2,322 tons.
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In 1796 R. Owen became Unions master, and her trade changed to London—East Indies.Lloyd's Register (1796), Seq.№U45. That year Union was also rebuilt, and her burthen changed to 476 tons.Lloyd's Register (1799), Seq. №U36.
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The ship was long overall, had a beam of and had a maximum draft of . Tecumseh had a tonnage of 1,034 tons burthen and displaced .Silverstone, p. 7 Her crew consisted of 100 officers and enlisted men.
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The hired armed lugger Daphne served the Royal Navy from 2 November 1794 to 19 December 1796. She was armed with twenty-two 4-pounder guns and was of 160 tons burthen (bm).Winfield (2008), p. 388.
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This letter gave her burthen as 296 tons (bm), her complement as 40 men, and her armament as twenty 4, 6, and 9-pounder guns.Register of Letters of Marque against France 1793-1815 - accessed 11 June 2011.
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The ship was long overall, had a beam of and had a maximum draft of . Catawba had a tonnage of 1,034 tons burthen and displaced .Silverstone, p. 7 Her crew consisted of 100 officers and enlisted men.
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The ship was long overall, had a beam of and had a maximum draft of . Oneota had a tonnage of 1,034 tons burthen and displaced .Silverstone, p. 7 Her crew consisted of 100 officers and enlisted men.
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The ship was long overall, had a beam of and had a maximum draft of . She had a tonnage of 1,034 tons burthen and displaced .Silverstone, p. 7 Her crew consisted of 100 officers and enlisted men.
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The ship was long overall, had a beam of and had a maximum draft of . Manhattan had a tonnage of 1,034 tons burthen and displaced .Silverstone, p. 7 Her crew consisted of 100 officers and enlisted men.
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1640) remarked: "the very foundation is ready to reel under the burthen".Risdon, Tristram (d.1640), Survey of Devon, 1811 edition, London, 1811, with 1810 Additions, p.219 His contemporary the Devon historian Sir William Pole (d.
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The ship was long overall, had a beam of and had a maximum draft of . Ajax had a tonnage of 1,034 tons burthen and displaced .Silverstone 2006, p. 7 Her crew consisted of 100 officers and enlisted men.
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Sirius was long from stem to stern and a depth of hold of . She had a beam of and a draught of . The ship had a capacity of 412 tons burthen and a gross tonnage of 703gt.Sheppard, pp.
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In 1790 Othello underwent lengthening and repairs.Lloyd's List (1793), Seq. №O55. Her burthen increased from 122 to 208 tons. Captain John Powell sailed Othello on 16 March 1790 for the Bight of Biafra and Gulf of Guinea islands.
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Then on 31 January 1826 Hebe put back into Saint John, New Brunswick in distress. She unloaded and was hauled up for survey.Lloyd's List №6101. Later that year Hebe underwent a large repair, subsequent to which her burthen increased.
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London Chronicle, 26–28 August 1800, Vol. 87, p. 206. The Principal Officers and Commissioners of His Majesty's Navy offered the "Spy 275 tons burthen" for sale at Plymouth on 7 September 1801. She sold that day for £710.
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Elk was long, with a beam (width) of . Elk was expected to be 60 tons burthen. Elk was expected to be able to carry 50 or 60 tons of cargo. Elk was driven by twin steam engines, horizontally mounted.
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Liberty entered Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1787 with T.Clark, master, Lucas, owner, and trade London–Southern Fishery.LR (1787), Seq.№L342. LR for 1789 amended her burthen downward and showed that she had undergone small repairs in 1789.LR (1789), Seq.№L110.
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The contract for this Courier was from 23 July 1804 to 18 August 1806.Winfield (2008), p. 394. She was a cutter of 114 tons burthen and carried twelve 4-pounder guns. Her commander throughout the contract was Lieutenant James Boxer.
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In keeping with the other vessels in her group, she measured 140 tons burthen. Construction and fit-out cost £3,304.7s, including provision of 8 three-pounder cannons along her upper deck, supported by ten -pounder swivel guns ranged along her sides.
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The first schooner Princess Charlotte served from 7 July 1804 to 1805. She was of 95 tons burthen (bm), and carried eight 12-pounder carronades. Her owner was Henshaw Latham and she had a crew of 30 men.Mariner's Mirror, Vol.
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As rebuilt, her dimensions were in keeping with other vessels of the Establishment. Her overall length was with a lower gundeck of , a broad beam of , hold depth of and measuring 1286 tons burthen. Rebuilding costs were £17,117 including fittings.
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Their plough-shaped ram was also more prominent than that of Achilles.Parkes, pp. 60–61 Northumberland was long between perpendiculars and had a beam of and a draught of . The ship displaced and had a tonnage of 6,621 tons burthen.
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Niles' Weekly Register, Vol 8, p.407."Ship News". Providence Patriot, Columbian Phenix (Providence, Rhode Island), 22 April 1815; Issue 15. Young Wasp had a burthen of 418 tons, was armed with 20 guns, and had a crew of 150 men.
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Built at Whitby in 1774, the ship was named the Grand Duchess of Russia and she was chartered by the Navy Board to serve as a transport at the beginning of 1775. While being modified at Deptford Dockyard in February, the ship was surveyed and found to be barque-rigged and just over 308 tons burthen in size. A survey in New York two years later gave her length as , measured at the keel, with a beam of . Naval historian Rif Winfield quotes her burthen as 684 tons with a length at the gundeck of and beam of .
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The Spanish brig Nostra Seignora del Carmen was steered into Liverpool with a cargo valued at over £10,000. The Royal Gazette reported that on May 21, 1799 Wentworth returned to Liverpool with four Spanish vessels following. The Royal Gazette says that the reported prizes were a "brig of 14 guns, and 140 tones of burthen, laden with Wine, Brandy and Flour', a copper-bottomed schooner of 140 tons burthen, mounting 6 guns, laden with Cocoa, a schooner of 60 tons, and another 40 tons, coasters, laden with dry goods and sundry other valuable articles." The value of the cargo was £16,000.
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Dart then took Falcon into Guernsey.Maclay (2004), p.200. This may have been the cutter Dart, under the command of Thomas Guilbert, of 114 tons burthen, armed with six 4-pounder guns and with a letter of marque dated 20 May 1812.
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Tippecanoe as originally constructed The ship was long overall, had a beam of and had a maximum draft of . Wyandotte had a tonnage of 1,034 tons burthen and displaced .Silverstone 2006, p. 7 Her crew consisted of 100 officers and enlisted men.
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Triton appears in the 1804 volume of the Register of Shipping with N. Ansties, master, Scott & Co., owners, and trade London–India. She is of 828 tons burthen, and is listed as having been built on the Thames.Register of Shipping (1804), Seq. №360.
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Lloyd's Register for 1835 has H. Crouch, master, and Gould, owner. It also gives her burthen as 538 tons, and her launch year as 1807.Lloyd's Register (1835), Seq.№288. Lloyd's Register for 1836 has Smith, master, Gould, owner, and trade London—"LoS'ol".
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It also gives her burthen as 393 (bm). The next year her master becomes J. Redpert. By 1826, her master's name has been corrected to J. Redpeth, and her trade was again London—Quebec. She last appears in Lloyd's Register is in 1832.
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As built, Roebuck was long at the gundeck, with a beam of and a depth in the hold of . She measured 879 tons burthen. Launched on 24 April 1774 and completed by 4 August 1775, Roebuck cost £18,911.0.6d plus a further £1,749.5.
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Haabet, of near 800 tons burthen, Jannsen, master, had lost her main and mizzen mast and was waterlogged. Her crew had abandoned her. She had been bringing timber from Memel. Two days later Coquette took Haabet into Leith, arriving on 21 November.
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Vulture had a length at the gun deck of and at the keel. She had a beam of , and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 1,190 tons burthen and she displaced . Her crew numbered 175–195 officers and ratings.
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Prince William served from 3 May 1804 to 2 November 1812. She was described as being of 307 tons burthen (bm), and was armed with fourteen 18-pounder carronades. "Captain Waller" was appointed to command her in 1804,Naval Chronicle, Vol. 12, p. 254.
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When launched on 21 September 1785, Romulus was along the gun deck, had a beam of and a depth in the hold of . She was 879 tons burthen and drew between and . When fully manned, she carried a complement of 270.Winfield (2007) p.
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The smaller sixth- rates were often popularly called frigates, though not classed as "frigates" by the Admiralty officially. Only the larger sixth-rates (those mounting 28 carriage guns or more) were technically frigates. The ton in this instance is the burthen tonnage (bm). From c.
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"Echo" details: Of Glasgow, Captain James Price, Master, Burthen 1189 Tons. Sir William Pickles Hartley's Family Tree The Hartley legacy has now been passed down to Emma Hartley who is currently studying in Manchester. She is following the tradition and making her own jam.
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The "Principle Officers and Commissioners of His Majesty's Navy" offered the hull of "Diana, Burthen 668 Tons" for sale at Deptford on 16 May 1793. The purchasers had to post a bond of £2000 that they would break her up in a limited time.
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No loss of life occurred. At the time of her loss, Prony was under the command of Capitaine de corvette De Fontanges with a crew of 140 and 6 30-pound guns. She was of roughly 700 tons burthen and her engines were of .
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The third Duchess of Cumberland was a cutter of six 3-pounder guns and 65 tons burthen (bm). She served from 17 June 1803 to 5 January 1805.Winfield (2008), p.391. Her owner was Henshaw Latham and she had a crew of 23 men.
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She displaced and had a burthen of 3,400 tons. Roanokes hull was strongly reinforced by wrought iron straps. Her crew numbered 674 officers and enlisted men. The ship had one horizontal two-cylinder trunk steam engine driving a single propeller using steam provided by four Martin boilers.
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When launched she proved to have a draft deeper than planned and she measured 523 tons burthen. Neosho had four steam boilers powering a two- cylinder, western steamboat-type engine that drove the sternwheel.Silverstone, p. 149 The ship had a maximum speed of in serviceCanney, p.
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She appeared twice in Lloyd's Register for 1839. The first entry described her as a steam vessel of 201 tons burthen. Her master was still C. Little, and her owner the St George Company. The entry also had a notation referring the reader to the supplemental pages.
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The Magicienne-class ships had a length at the gun deck of and at the keel. They had a beam of , and a depth of hold of . The ships' tonnage was 1,256 tons burthen and they had a draught of . Their crew numbered 175 officers and ratings.
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The Royal Navy took her back into service as Lauretsinus. On 21 May, Unicorn captured the American schooner Miranda, of Rhode Island. She had a crew of six men, a burthen of 104 tons, and was sailing for Matunzas with a cargo of lumber.Naval Chronicle, Vol.
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Bristol was long between perpendiculars and at the keel. She had a beam of , a draught of at deep load and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 3,027 tons burthen and Bristol displaced . The ship had a crew of 550 officers and ratings.
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Fénix was a Spanish, two deck, ship of the line built in Havana from mahogany.Winfield, (2007) p. 37 Launched in 1749, her dimensions were along the gun deck, at the keel, with a beam of and a depth in the hold of . This made her 2,184 tons burthen (bm).
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The entry in the 1825 issue reports a burthen of 475 tons, and an origin of Cochin in 1819.Lloyd's Register (1825), Seq.R444. Neither of these sources is consistent with Phipps. He reports that M. Smith launched Royal Charlotte in 1816 at Calcutta, but under the name Asia.
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The Canonicus class was an enlarged and improved version of the preceding . They were long overall, had a beam of and had a maximum draft of . Canonicus had a tonnage of 1,034 tons burthen and displaced .Silverstone, p. 7 Her crew consisted of 100 officers and enlisted men.
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The Navy Board renamed her HMS Buffalo, designated her a sixth rate, and employed her as a storeship. The Navy Board also purchased the similar Severn (550 tons burthen), that it renamed . Horsburgh had part- financed the building of both Severn and Hindostan in the partnership of Horsburgh & Colman.
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The vessel measured 165 tons burthen and Duke of Gloucesters draught was shallow enough to allow the brig access to any port in any season. The vessel was armed with ten guns. By the War of 1812, the vessel was armed with six long guns and rated a schooner.
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Brenton, p. 387 Examination of the relative size and strength of the combatants shows that they were well-matched: the respective broadside weights were 984 lbs on Mars to 985 lbs on Hercule; Hercules at 1,876 tons burthen measured only 34 tons more than Mars, Pp. 161, 217.
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Onondaga had an overall length of and a beam of . She was overweight and her draft of was almost a foot deeper than intended. The ship had a depth of hold of , a tonnage of 1,250 tons burthen and displaced . Her crew consisted of 130 officers and enlisted men.
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Overall the ship was long, and at the keel. She had a beam of and a depth of hold of . Her tonnage was given as 1,447 tons, with a burthen of 2,500 tons. A large crowd gathered to witness the launch, and the ship was christened by Mrs.
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Mecdiye was a paddle frigate. She was long overall, with a beam of and a draft of . Her tonnage was 1,443 tons burthen. She was propelled by a pair of paddlewheels that were driven by a direct-acting steam engine, with steam provided by two coal-fired boilers.
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Taif was a paddle frigate. She was long overall, with a beam of and a draft of . Her tonnage was 1,443 tons burthen. She was propelled by a pair of paddlewheels that were driven by a direct-acting steam engine, with steam provided by two coal-fired boilers.
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On 10 May Scout captured a Spanish settee, St. Antonio Abad, of nine men and 20 tons burthen. She was sailing from Marabella to Ceuta with a cargo of bricks, leather and the like. Two days later, Scout captured a Spanish brig carrying bale goods and loaf sugar.
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The Neosho-class ships were long overall and had a beam of . When launched, they proved to have a draft deeper than planned and they measured 523 tons burthen. The ships had four steam boilers powering one two- cylinder, western steamboat-type engine that drove the sternwheel.Silverstone, p.
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Manguin, Pierre-Yves. (1993). 'The Vanishing Jong: Insular Southeast Asian Fleets in Trade and War (Fifteenth to Seventeenth Centuries)', in Anthony Reid (ed.), Southeast Asia in the Early Modern Era (Ithaca: Cornell University Press), 197-213. The jongs that plied the archipelago post-1600s were ranging of 20-200 tons deadweight, with possible average of 100 tons, but there are still several of them ranging from 200 to 300 lasts burthen (about 360-400 to 540-600 metric tons burthen)A last was originally unit of freight volume, subsequently a unit of weight, varying according to the nature of the freight, an equalling roughly to between 1.8 and 2 metric tons. in early 1700s.
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In the War of 1812 between the United Kingdom and the United States, American Captain David Porter, in the thirty-six gun frigate , led a fleet of armed vessels in the South Pacific in a commerce raiding operation. At the time of the action, Essex was accompanied by two smaller vessels, recently captured from the British and classified as sloops-of-war by Captain Porter. They were the 10-gun of 338 tons burthen and the 8-gun of 280 tons burthen. Porter had sent the rest of his fleet to Valparaiso, Chile, to be sold while he and the remaining vessels patrolled for British whalers between Tumbes, Peru and the Galapagos.
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Brant also bought a slave, a seven-year-old African-American girl named Sophia Burthen Pooley. She served him and his family for six years before he sold her to an Englishman named Samuel Hatt for $100. Drew 192–196. She stayed with Hatt for seven years before running away.
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Star took the prisoners to Île de France. Wood and his men returned to the Cape Colony in their prize, a small boat of 15 tons burthen that they had built, and some small vessels that were prizes to the Cape squadron.Marshall (1823), Vol. 1, Part 2, pp.791-2.
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The second Kent served from 23 to 29 September 1804 when she was returned to her owners. She had a burthen of 121 tons. On 9 March 1805, a Kent, under the command of Robert Hosier and of 121 tons (bm) and twelve 12-pounder cannon, received a letter of marque.
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Here he built some 25 (or 27) vessels. By 1795 he had built up a fleet of eleven vessels of a total burthen of 1,750 tons (bm). Brocklebank died in 1801. His two sons then took over the firm, which they renamed Thomas and John Brocklebank; later it became Thos.
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Ozark had a tonnage of 578 tons burthen. She was powered by a pair of two-cylinder steam engines, each driving two four-bladed, propellers, using steam generated by four boilers. The engines were designed to reach a top speed of . They had a bore of and a stroke of .
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Lord Eldon returned to the 1814 Register of Shipping with R. Simey, master, J. Spence, owner, and trade London transport. During her absence from the lists she had been lengthened, with the result that her burthen had increased. Her owners had also reduced her armament.Register of Shipping (1814), Seq. №L446.
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His Majesty's hired armed schooner Sir Sidney Smith (or Sidney Smith) served the Royal Navy during the French Revolutionary Wars from 12 October 1799 to 13 October 1801. She was of 151 tons burthen (bm), and carried twelve 12-pounder carronades.Winfield (2008), p.390. She was named for Admiral Sidney Smith.
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His Majesty's hired armed lugger Lark served the Royal Navy from 3 January 1799 to 6 November 1801.Winfield (2008), p.389. She was armed with two 4-pounder guns and twelve 12-pounder carronades. She had a burthen of 170 tons (bm), and a crew of 50 men and boys.
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Feyzâ-i Bahrî was a paddle frigate. She was long overall, with a beam of and a draft of . Her tonnage was 1,443 tons burthen. She was propelled by a pair of paddlewheels that were driven by a direct- acting steam engine, with steam provided by two coal-fired boilers.
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Her master was Duncan Sinclair. Lloyd's Register for 1786 gives her master as J. Metcalf, and her trade as Petersburg- London. An amendment to the entry gives the name of a new master as W. Hunter. Lastly, it shows her launch year as 1784, and her burthen as 650 tons (bm).
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Scarborough spent her first four years transporting timber from the Baltic and North America. She first enters Lloyd's Register in 1783. Her entry gives her burthen as 600 tons (bm), her master as "Scorbdle", her owner as T. Hooper, and her trade as "London Transport".Lloyd's Register (1783), Seq. №301.
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Built in Lisbon in 1589, she was in length, had a beam of , measured 1,600 tons burthen, and could carry 900 tons of cargo. She had seven decks, thirty-two guns in addition to other arms, 600 to 700 crew members, a gilded superstructure and a hold filled with treasure.
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St Barbe, Green, and Bignell offered Zephyr, and another brig, Aurora, to the Committee of Shipping of the EIC.Proceedings..., p.943. The next day the Committee replied that as the EIC had decided not to engage any vessels of under 400 tons burthen, it would decline the offer.Proceedings..., pp.816-7.
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Saik-i Şadi was a paddle frigate. She was long overall, with a beam of and a draft of . Her tonnage was 1,443 tons burthen. She was propelled by a pair of paddlewheels that were driven by a direct-acting steam engine, with steam provided by two coal-fired boilers.
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The "Principal Officers and Commissioners of His Majesty's Navy" offered "His Majesty's Brig Pilote, of the Burthen of 218 Tons, Coppered and Copper-fastened, with Masts, Yards, Furniture, and Stores, as per Inventory" at Sheerness on 29 April 1799. They sold Pilote at Sheerness in May to Robert Elliot for £920.
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By 1833, Lloyd's Register showed her as having been built in a King's Yard in 1808. It also showed her as having been lengthened and almost rebuilt in 1819,LR (1833), Seq.№558. something that explains the increase in her burthen between her naval service and her service as a whaler.
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She had two decks, and was fitted with passenger accommodations in addition to her cargo capacity. Her registered tonnage was 1,608 tons burthen. According to some authorities, Hurricane was "the sharpest sailing ship ever constructed by any builder"Fairburn 1945–55. III. p. 2129.--that is, the most extreme clipperKnoblock 2014. p. 37.
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All four were sailing from Cape François to Jacquemel. Solebay captured Egyptienne, which was of 300 tons burthen, was armed with 18 guns and had a crew of 140 men. One of the vessels was the 16 or 18-gun Eole, which the British took into service as .Winfield (2008), p.267.
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1905 - accessed 25 August 2015. The 1789 Lloyd's Register gave Mohawks origin as "New England", before changing it to "Philadelphia". Her master was J. Moring, her owner St Barbe, and her trade was London-Smyrna. The register did give her burthen as 204 tons (bm), but that is almost certainly a typo.
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She had been sailing from Bayonne with a cargo of wine, silks, brandy, and the like.Lloyd's List, -accessed 15 December 2013. Curlew captured the Sally on 24 April. She was of 143 tons burthen, out of Salem, and sailing to St Margaret's. On 2 May the American frigates and fell in with Curlew.
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Leviathan had nearly caught up with Argo when Argo got alongside the Santa Theresa about midnight. Argo fired a broadside that wounded two men and badly damaged Santa Theresas rigging. At this point the Spaniard surrendered. She was of upwards of 950 tons burthen, carrying 42 guns plus coehorns and swivel guns.
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It is currently not possible to identify Alexanders name before she became an English prize. Alexander appeared in Lloyd's Register for 1794 with Js. Boulton, master, Thompson, owner, and trade London-Ostend. Her burthen is given as 257 tons (bm),Lloyd's Register (1794). but that was corrected to 357 tons the next year.
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J.Montgomery purchased Squirrel, renamed her Union, and used her as a whaler in the waters off Greenland.Lloyd's Register (1784), Seq. №U81. particularly Davis Strait. Lloyd's Register (1786) reports that she underwent repairs in 1786, and the listing also gives her burthen as 400 tons, instead of 300 tons as in the 1784 volume.
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This allowed the designers to make savings in the vessel's capacity. The shipwrights constructing the vessel believed they were building a ship larger than that of the flagship of Horatio Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar, . As built St Lawrence measured 2,304 tons burthen. The gundeck's length was and the beam was .
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Mubir-i Sürur was long overall, with a beam of and a draft of . Her tonnage was 1,477 tons burthen. She was propelled by a horizontal, two- cylinder steam engine manufactured by Miller & Ravenhill, with steam provided by two coal-fired boilers. Her propulsion system was rated at for a top speed of .
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Volage was long between perpendiculars and had a beam of . Forward the ship had a draught of , but aft she drew . Volage displaced and had a burthen of 2,322 tons. Her iron hull was covered by a layer of oak that was sheathed with copper from the waterline down to prevent biofouling.
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Feyz-i Cihat a wooden-hulled paddle steamer. She was long between perpendiculars, with a beam of and a draft of . Her tonnage was 2,909 tons burthen. She was propelled by a pair of paddlewheels that were driven by a 2-cylinder marine steam engine, with steam provided by two coal-fired boilers.
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Active was long between perpendiculars and had a beam of . Forward the ship had a draught of , but aft she drew . Active displaced and had a burthen of 2,322 tons. Her iron hull was covered by a layer of oak that was sheathed with copper from the waterline down to prevent biofouling.
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Falmouth had a length at the gundeck of and at the keel. She had a beam of and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 1,046 tons burthen. Her armament consisted of twenty- two 24-pounder guns on the lower gundeck and twenty-two 12-pounder guns on the upper deck.
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She was the oldest ship in the Navy at the time of her decommissioning around 1800. The Principal Officers and Commissioners of His Majesty's Navy offered the hull of "William and Mary, 172 Tons Burthen, Copper fastened" for sale at Deptford Yard on 14 September 1801. She sold at auction on that day for £210.
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Train bought his first ships in the late 1830s and early 1840s. Dorchester, Cario, and Governor Davis served as trading vessels between Boston and South America. He then decided to move into the Baltic cotton trade with St. Petersburg (built by Waterman & Ewell, in Medford, Massachusetts, 814 tons burthen, 160 ft. long, 33 ft. beam).
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Register of Shipping (1810), Seq.№C759. Commerce de Londres appears in the 1811 issue of Lloyd's Register with M. De Silva, master, Capt. & Co. owner, and trade London–Pernambuco. She had undergone a thorough repair in 1807, her burthen is 270 tons, and her origin is Spain with a launch year of 1794.Seq. №C670.
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Princess Charlotte was designed by George Record of the Kingston Royal Naval Dockyard in Kingston, Upper Canada. The frigate was constructed under private contract by the master shipwright John Goudie. The vessel measured 755 tons burthen and was long overall and long at the keel. The frigate had a beam of and a draught of .
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241 The ships displaced and had a tonnage of 3,710 tons burthen. Unlike their predecessors, they were fitted with a ram in the shape of a plough. The ends of the hull were subdivided by watertight transverse bulkheads and had a partial double bottom. Each ship had a complement of 460 (officers and enlisted men).
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On 9 April 1800, the tenders Pickle and Garland recaptured the schooner Hero. She had a crew of seven men and was 136 tons burthen (bm). She was out of Guadeloupe, sailing from Pointe Petre to Saint Bartholomew with a load of cordwood. A week later, the same two vessels captured the Dutch schooner Maria.
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This made her 970 tons burthen (bm). Although classed as a 36-gun fifth rate, Aigle was armed with a main battery of twenty-six on her upper gun deck, four on the quarter deck and two on the forecastle. She additionally carried ten carronades, eight on the quarter deck and two on the forecastle.
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Starling, of 383 tons burthen, built at Quebec in 1812, last appeared in the Register of Shipping (RS), in 1820. She was listed with Kennion, master and owner, and trade Liverpool–Demerara.RS (1820), Seq.№842. Sterling last appeared in Lloyd's Register in 1821 with W. Bathgate, master, Waring & Co., owners, and trade Liverpool–Calcutta.
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American records state that the privateer was Yankee American, 77 tons burthen, T. Pillsbury, master.Emmons (1853), p. 196. In 1813, under Commander George Kippen, Peruvian was on the American Station. On 6 February, she was returning to her station from St. Thomas, when around east by north of Sombrero, she encountered an American privateer.
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She was of 300 tons burthen and had a flush deck. Pierced for 20 guns, she carried eighteen 9-pounders, and she and her crew of 161 men were under the command of Citizen Dupan. In the attack she lost 25 men killed, including Dupan, and 40 wounded. British casualties amounted to four killed, 23 wounded and one missing.
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They traveled as far as Ghana or even Brazil in ancient times.Cartas de Afonso de Albuquerque, Volume 1, p. 64, April 1, 1512 The average burthen was 400-500 deadweight tons,The tonnage used in this page is DWT or deadweight tonnage, a measure of how much a ship can carry. with a range of 85-2000 tons.
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The French vessel was the privateer San Joseph, of Saint Malo, under the command of a Joseph Wittevronghel, a Dane. San Joseph was one year old, about 100 tons burthen (bm), and armed with 14 guns though she was pierced for 16. She had only been out one day when the British captured her and had taken nothing.
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However, the Register of Shipping for 1811 shows her origin as Shields, and her launch year as 1810.Register of Shipping (1811), Seq.№IJ335. The most complete history of Whitby shipping has no listing for Indian. By contrast, Hackman has precise launch data and burthen, suggesting that his launch year of 1810 and place of Jarrow/Shields is correct.
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Captain William Selby took command of Cerberus in April 1803. On 13 August Cerberuss boats made an attack on Concalle Bay. There they captured a large fishing boat but had to abandon a sloop they had captured after she grounded. At Cas Bay another cutting out party captured seven fishing boats of 16-18 tons burthen each.
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His Majesty's hired armed ship Charles served the Royal Navy from 17 May 1804 to 13 May 1814. She had a burthen of 309 tons (bm), and an armament of fourteen 18-pounder carronades.Winfield (2008), p. 393. Prize money notices and other accounts referred to her interchangeably as the "hired armed brig", "hired armed ship", and "hired sloop".
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The four ships of the Frolic class were repeats of the preceding Beacon class despite being begun four years later.Ballard, pp. 137–38 The ships were long between perpendiculars and had a beam of . Forward, the ships had a draught of , but aft they drew . They displaced as built and had a burthen of 462 tons.
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She was fitted out later in the Naval Dockyard in Erith. In all she mounted 43 heavy guns and 141 light guns. She was the first English two-decker and when launched she was, at 1500 tons burthen, the largest and most powerful warship in Europe. Very early on it became apparent that the ship was top heavy.
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She was of 300 tons burthen and had a flush deck. Pierced for 20 guns, she carried eighteen 9-pounders, and she and her crew of 161 men were under the command of Citizen Dupan. In the attack she lost 25 men killed, including Dupan, and 40 wounded. British casualties amounted to four killed, 23 wounded and one missing.
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St Vincent was a hired armed cutter that served the Royal Navy from 16 March 1798 to 29 April 1802, during the French Revolutionary Wars. She was of 194 13/94 tons burthen, and carried fourteen 6-pounder guns.Winfield (2008), p.389. In 1800 she was under the command of Lieutenant John Leckle, (also Leekly or Lackey) at Falmouth.
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His Majesty's hired armed lugger Spider served the Royal Navy from 15 August 1795 to 4 April 1796.Winfield (2008), p.388. She was armed with eighteen 4-pounder guns and had a burthen of 172 tons (bm). She took part in one notable action before she was lost in a collision with the 74-gun .
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Lloyd's Register for 1790 had a legible entry for Alexander. It gave her master as L.D. Bruce, and her trade as London-Dominica. The year of launch was still 1784. Issues of Lloyd's Register for 1799 to 1801 described Alexander as built in 1783 in Hull, of 468 tons burthen, and as trading between London and Petersburg.
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Alexander was barque-built in Hull in 1783 with three masts and two decks. She was a plain-looking vessel, without galleries or a figurehead. At 452 tons burthen, she was the largest transport in the Fleet and carried at least 30 crew. Her owners were Walton & Company, a firm of Southwark merchants headed by master mariner William Walton.
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By the time Britannia sailed war with France had resumed. Captain Jonathan Birch acquired a letter of marque on 3 October 1803.The number of guns is high for a merchantman of 700 tons (bm), and the number of men is double what one would expect on a vessel twice her burthen. The reasons are currently unclear.
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Sir Charles Price first entered Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1815 with Whiteouse, master, Bennett & Sons, owner and trade London–South Seas. Before that, though, she received a special license on 19 July 1814 to sail to the East Indies. She required a special license because she had a burthen of under 350 tons.Parliamentary Reports: Accounts &c;, Volume 10 (1816).
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He sailed her for Jamaica on 22 November 1791. However, after she returned to Britain she was laid up at Deptford in November 1792. The Principal Officers and Commissioners of His Majesty's Navy offered the "Hull of His Majesty's Sloop Flirt. Burthen 200 tons, copper fastened, with Copper on her Bottom", for sale at Deptford on 1 December 1795.
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Falmouth had a length at the gundeck of and at the keel. She had a beam of and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 700 tons burthen. Officially rated at 50 guns, her armament consisted of 22 twelve-pounder guns on the lower gundeck and 22 six- pounder guns on the upper deck.
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Emerald was a 36-gun, 18-pound, Amazon- class frigate built to William Rule's design.Winfield p. 148 She and her sister ship, , were ordered on 24 May 1794 and were built to the same dimensions: along the gun deck, at the keel, with a beam of and a depth in the hold of . They measured 933 tons burthen.
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Amazon was one of four 36-gun, 18-pound, Amazon- class frigates built to a design by William Rule. She and her sister ship, , were ordered on 24 May 1794. Built to the same dimensions, they were: along the gun deck with a beam of and a depth in the hold of . They were 933 tons burthen a piece.
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Cornwall had a length at the gundeck of and at the keel. She had a beam of , a draught of at deep load and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 1,751 tons burthen. Her armament consisted of twenty-eight 32-pounder guns on the lower gundeck and twenty-eight 18-pounder guns on the upper deck.
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The Vanguard class was designed by Sir William Symonds, Surveyor of the Navy, with each ship built with a slightly different hull shape to evaluate their speed and handling characteristics. Centurion had a length at the gundeck of and at the keel. She had a beam of , a draught of and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 2,589 tons burthen.
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The Vanguard class was designed by Sir William Symonds, Surveyor of the Navy, with each ship built with a slightly different hull shape to evaluate their speed and handling characteristics. Lion had a length at the gundeck of and at the keel. She had a beam of , a draught of and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 2,589 tons burthen.
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The Vanguard class was designed by Sir William Symonds, Surveyor of the Navy, with each ship built with a slightly different hull shape to evaluate their speed and handling characteristics. Superb had a length at the gundeck of and at the keel. She had a beam of , a draught of and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 2,583 tons burthen.
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Cherokee was ordered on 30 March 1807, based on a design by Henry Peake. The ship was laid down in December 1807 by John Perry at Blackwall Yard, London. As built, the ship had a burthen of 237 tons, and was long at the gun deck, and at the keel. She was wide, and drew at the bows and aft.
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The Vanguard class was designed by Sir William Symonds, Surveyor of the Navy, with each ship built with a slightly different hull shape to evaluate their speed and handling characteristics. Superb had a length at the gundeck of and at the keel. She had a beam of , a draught of and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 2,583 tons burthen.
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In June—July 1824 she was off the coast of Japan, reportedly with 450 barrels. In September she was at Timor with 600 barrels. She returned to Britain on 9 November 1825 with 500 casks of whale oil and one cask of ambergris. Lloyd's Register for 1825, gave her master's name as J. Gibson, and her burthen was given as 385 tons (bm).
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Affronteur became Caroline. This is something all authors agree on. All British authors also agree that she was of about 158 tons burthen (bm). There is, however, ambiguity in the accounts about whether Caroline was a lugger or a brig, and whether she was a vessel belonging to the Royal Navy or a hired vessel serving the Royal Navy under contract.
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As built, Frigate B was long between perpendiculars and long at the keel. The vessel had a beam of , a depth of hold of and a draught of . The frigate measured 769 tons burthen and had a complement of 280 officers and sailors. Frigate B was armed with 28 long guns on its lower deck and 28 carronades on its upper deck.
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Puritan was long overall, had a beam of and had a draft of . The ship had a tonnage of 3,265 tons burthen and displaced . She was powered by a two-cylinder vibrating-lever steam engine with a bore of and a stroke of . The engine drove two propeller shafts using steam provided by six Martin water-tube boilers and the designed speed was .
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Alceste was built to a design by Pierre Rolland for the French Navy as Minerve, an Armide-Class frigate. Her construction began at Rochefort in May 1804, she was launched in September 1805 and finished that November.Winfield, p. 178 Measuring along her gundeck with a beam of and a depth in the hold of ; she had a capacity of 1,097 tons burthen.
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Prince Regent was designed by the shipwright John Dennis as a standard topsail schooner for use by the Provincial Marine on the Great Lakes. As built, the vessel was pierced for ten guns and was long at the gun deck and at the waterline. The schooner had a beam of and a depth of hold of . Prince Regent measured 142 tons burthen.
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She was a small craft, single-masted and with an overall length of including bowsprit, a keel, and measuring 82 tons burthen. Her beam was . Admiralty records indicate she was French-built and had been at sea as a merchant vessel since 1758. On 12 February 1763 the newly purchased cutter was sailed to Sheerness Dockyard for fitting out as a Navy craft.
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In 1840 Goodridge briefly expanded to an additional barbershop in Philadelphia. That only lasted a year, but may have established important business contacts. In 1838 the railroad had come to York from Baltimore and in 1842 Goodridge opened a freight delivery service, the "Reliance Line of Burthen Cars", which served 22 towns along the railroad line between York and Philadelphia.
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Belfast was launched in August 1829 at the Port Glasgow shipyard of John Wood & Co. With a wooden hull, her side-paddles were powered by a two-cylinder beam engine of nominal, made by David Napier at Camlachie, Glasgow. Belfasts initial tonnage was given as 180 tons burthen by Builder's Old Measurement and 123 tons nrt; she was long, with a beam of .
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Doris and captured in the China Sea an American ship named Rebecca. They brought her into Bombay where the new Vice admiralty court condemned her. Her cargo of 4,000 bags of Batavian sugar and 13,710 pieces of sapan-wood were auctioned on 7 March 1810. Then on 10 March Rebecca, of 600 tons burthen, teak-built at Pegu, too was auctioned off.
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The vessel's keel was laid in 1557, for a ship of 800 tons burthen to replace Henry VIII's prestige warship, the Henry Grace à Dieu, which had been destroyed by fire in 1553.Winfield 201, p. 8 Originally intended to be named Edward after Edward VI of England, she was renamed when Elizabeth I came to the throne.Winfield 2009, p.
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HMS Warrior is long between perpendiculars and long overall. She has a beam of and a draught of . The ship displaces and has a tonnage of 6,109 tons burthen. The ship's length made her relatively unmanoeuvrable, making it harder for her to use her strengthened stem for ramming, an ancient tactic that was coming back into use at the time.
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Medea was a 40-gun frigate of the Spanish Navy designed by Julian Martin de Retamosa. She was launched in Ferrol in November 1797, and was given the religious alias Santa Bárbara. Her dimensions were along the gun deck, at the keel, with a beam of and a depth in the hold of . This made her 1,045 tons burthen (bm).
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Both registers gave her launch year as 1813. There were three vessels built for the Navy in Ipswich in 1813 that were sold in 1828 or 1829 and of a burthen similar to Harriets. All three were Cruizer-class brig sloops of about 386 tons (bm): , , and . Fly was sold in Bombay in 1828, and Harlequin was sold in Jamaica in September 1829.
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Prince of Wales was a square-sterned barque measuring between 300 and 350 tons burthen, being long and wide and with a height between decks of amidships and fore and aft.Gillen 1989, p.429. Sources vary as to her origins. By one account, she was built in 1779 at Sidmouth, as a West Indiaman under the command of ship's master James Johnston.
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As built, Liverpool was slightly longer and narrower than her sister ships in the Coventry-class, being long with a keel, a beam of and with a hold depth of . Her tons burthen were measured at 589 tons. Navy frigates were routinely fitted out and armed at Royal Dockyards, but Liverpool received her guns while still at the builder's yard.
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This raises the possibility that Arrogant was Shah Ardasheer raised and rebuilt, which would also account for the increase in burthen. HMS Arrogant was registered as a third rate in 1827. She was moved to Trincomalee on 19 November 1822. (She may have been hulked there earlier as she described in 1819 as a hulk there.) She was sold in 1842.
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His Majesty's Hired armed lugger Speedwell served the Royal Navy on contract between 11 June 1796 and 31 October 1801. She had a burthen of 152 tons (bm), and was armed with fourteen 4-pounder guns. On 28 May 1797, , , and Speedwell detained Frederickstadt. At some point, Speedwell, under the command of Lieutenant Robert Tomlinson, recaptured St Patrick, Harford, master.
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Les Amis was very small, with a burthen of 12 tons (bm). Three days later, Speedwell captured another French privateer in the same area, after a five hour chase. The privateer was Telemachus, of six brass 6-pounder guns and six swivels, with a crew of 35 men. Tomlinson put a prize crew aboard her and sent her into Plymouth.
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Heureuse Esperance had thrown eight guns overboard during the chase. Heureuse Espereance was a small vessel with a burthen of 49 tons (bm). The next day,Speedwell and Valiant chased another privateer brig for nine hours (the last hour and ten minutes being a running fight). The British vessels forced the privateer to strike some two miles north of the Swin (sic) Islands.
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The tongkang was an unmotorised open cargo boat, propelled by a variety of methods, including rowing, punt poles and sail. The early tongkangs were about 20 ton burthen or less; they were propelled by about ten rowers and guided by a steersman. Long punt poles were used to propel them in shallower water. The size of the tongkang increased around 1860.
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Endymion was long, with a beam of , and a draught of . She was designed with a beam of and a burthen of 2,478 tons BOM and displaced 3,197 tons. She was to be fitted with 36 guns and had a complement of 450. Propulsion was by a steam engine of 500 nominal horsepower, which was built by Napier & Sons, Glasgow.
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The ship was long overall, had a beam of and had a maximum draft of . Monitor had a tonnage of 776 tons burthen and displaced . Her crew consisted of 49 officers and enlisted men.Silverstone, p. 4 The ship was powered by a single-cylinder horizontal vibrating-lever steam engine, also designed by Ericsson, which drove a propeller,Thompson, 1990, p. 228.
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Cornwall had a length at the gundeck of and at the keel. She had a beam of , and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 1,186 tons burthen. As built, the lower gundeck carried 24 broadside demi- cannon and a pair of chase culverins and the upper deck mounted 26 more culverins on the broadside and another pair as chase guns.
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The vessel was constructed with the sail plan of a schooner for service on the Great Lakes. The schooner measured 137 tons burthen and was long at the gundeck and had a beam of .Malcomson (2001a), p. 327. When in service with the Provincial Marine as Sir Sydney Smith, the vessel was armed with two long guns and ten carronades.
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The French vessel was the privateer San Joseph, of Saint Malo, under the command of a Joseph Wittevronghel, a Dane. San Joseph was one year old, about 100 tons burthen (bm), and armed with 14 guns though she was pierced for 16. She had only been out one day when the British captured her and had taken nothing. had been in company with Wolverine at the time.
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There was also a Nimrod of 69 tons burthen, eight 3-pounder guns, and under the command of Thomas Tapley, that received a letter of marque on 15 September 1795. She may have been the same vessel as the first Nimrod above, but if so she would not have been operating simultaneously under a contract with the Royal Navy and a letter of marque.
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Prince William served from 24 April 1797 to 26 November 1801. She was described as being of 306 tons burthen (bm), and was armed with fourteen 24-pounder carronades. Her commander was Commander Thomas Whitwronge Clayton, her master was W. Nicholson, and she served on the North Sea station.Naval Chronicle, Vol. 1, p. 301. In 1797, Prince William, under Clayton's command, recaptured the London Packet, of Aberdeen.
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One of these frigates was the 40-gun Caroline, which was built in Antwerp in 1806 and had a burthen of 1,078 tons (bm). Caroline was commanded by Jean-Baptiste-Henri Féretier, newly promoted following the sudden death of her previous captain.James, p. 199 Féretier was the first of Hamelin's captains to find a British convoy, spotting three sails on the horizon on 31 May.
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Prince Regent, rated by the Royal Navy as a fourth-rate frigate, measured 1,293 tons burthen and was long at the keel and overall. Prince Regent was of similar design to and , constructed in 1813, and was the first frigate to ever be constructed on inland waters. The vessel had a beam of and a maximum draught of . The frigate's depth of hold was .
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This allowed a minimal pair in final position like loath:loathe. Other changes that affected these phonemes included a shift → when followed by unstressed suffix -er. Thus Old English fæder became modern English father; likewise mother, gather, hither, together, weather (from mōdor, gaderian, hider, tōgædere, weder). In a reverse process, Old English byrþen and morþor or myþra become burden and murder (compare the obsolete variants burthen and murther).
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His Majesty's Hired armed lugger Duke of York served the Royal Navy from 14 October 1794 to 2 January 1799 when she foundered in the North Sea. She was of 57 44/94 tons burthen (bm) and was armed with eight 4-pounder guns.Winfield (2008), p.388. She may have been the lugger by the same name that on 28 October 1793 received a letter of marque.
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Impatient was armed with 20 guns, some of which she had thrown overboard during the chase. She and her crew were sailing from Senegal to Rochefort when Naiad captured her. Two days later Naiad captured the French merchant ship Chasseur, of 359 tons burthen. She was under the command of Citizen Lamar, Lieutenant de Vaisseau, and was carrying sugar, cotton and coffee from San Domingo to Lorient.
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The tonnage account for the past year must have been great, as some of the ships were of large burthen, several of them ranging from 500 to 900 tons. Since the new year dawned, several ships have arrived from the Baltic ports, laden with deals, sleepers &c; , and which ships were in the Eye several days before the expiration of the year just closed.
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During construction shipwright Thomas Moore tested that the hull was watertight by filling it with water from the inside, and repairing any visible leaks. Her hold also incorporated a partition that her crew could move to or away from the forecastle bulkhead to vary her cargo capacity. Governor King's direction had been for a vessel measuring around 46 tons burthen,Bladen (ed.) 1979, vol. 4, p. 901.
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52 As built, Fairfax was along her keel with a beam of and a hold depth of . She was a large vessel, measuring 789 tonnes burthen with a draft of . Her crew complement at launch was not recorded. However at the time of her transfer to the Royal Navy in 1660 she carried 220 men, rising to 300 in 1666 and 400 in 1672.
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She was of upwards of 950 tons burthen, carrying 42 guns plus coehorns and swivel guns. In addition to her crew of 280 seamen and marines under the command of Don Pablo Perez, she had 250 soldiers on board. Santa Theresa had recently been completely refurbished and provisioned for a four-month cruise. Her consort Proserpine, which had escaped, though smaller, was equally well-armed.
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Although John was captured in 1797, she did not enter Lloyd's Register until 1798. It showed her master as Tucker, her owner as McDowall, changing to Tremlow, and her trade as Liverpool–Königsberg, changing to Liverpool-Charleston.Lloyd's Register (1798), Seq.№J564. The entry in 1799 corrected her burthen from 260 tons to 287, and indicated that she had undergone a small repair in 1798.
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As built, the vessel had three masts and measured 112 tons burthen builder's old measurement. The ship had a keel length of and a beam of . The ship had a complement of 101 in French service, 75 in British service and 81 in American service. Originally, the vessel was armed with 12 guns, a mix of 6-pounder and 8-pounder guns along with swivel guns.
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While this time requirement was not met, Admiralty retained sufficient confidence in Bird's capacity that he was engaged to build a second vessel, , in 1759.Winfield 2007, pp. 342–343 Infernals dimensions were in keeping with other vessels of her class, with an overall length of , a beam of and measuring 307 tons burthen. Construction costs were ₤3,355 with an additional ₤2,082 for fitting out.
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137 After her capture, her secondary armament was upgraded so she carried eight long guns and six carronades on the quarter deck, and two 9-pounders with two 32-pounder carronades on the forecastle.Winfield (2008) p. 159 The British recorded Melpomene's dimensions as: along the gundeck with a keel length of , a beam of and a depth in the hold of . She was 1,013 tons burthen.
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Latona was a 36-gun frigate designed by the senior surveyor John Williams and ordered on 22 March 1779. Her keel, of was laid down at Limehouse in November 1782 by the shipwright company, Greaves and Purnell. When finished, she was along the gun deck, had a beam of and a depth in the hold of . She was 944 tons burthen and drew between and .
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She had a beam of and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 760 tons burthen. Her armament was upgraded and now consisted of 22 eighteen-pounder guns on the lower gundeck and 22 nine-pounder guns on the upper deck. The number of six-pounder guns on the quarterdeck was reduced to four, but the pair on the forecastle were retained.
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The ship's tonnage seems to have been inflated in advertisements from its 1181 tons burthen, perhaps to make it appear safer to prospective passengers. Pomona was captained by Captain Charles Merrihew for her whole service. She arrived in New York for the first time 29 September 1856. She cleared New York to Liverpool for her first voyage on 20 October 1856 and arrived 17 November 1856.
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There are references to the fable in two other texts six centuries apart. The Aramaic collection of wise sayings by Ahiqar, dating from 500 BCE, mentions that 'An ass which leaves its load and does not carry it shall take a load from its companion and take the burden which is not its [own with its own] and shall be made to bear a camel's load.'The Words of Ahiqar The historian Plutarch has a version in which an ox and a camel feature where, 'as the ox said to his fellow-servant the camel, when he refused to ease him of his burthen, It won’t be long before you carry my burthen and me too: which fell out to be true, when the ox died.' The fable does not appear in William Caxton's collection of Aesop's Fables although it does in later English compilations.
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Captain Charles Penrose of the third rate captured Guachapin in the Leeward Islands.Marshall (1828), Supplement 2, pp.461-2. The London Gazette reports that on 9 April 1800, Sans Pareil captured the Spanish letter of marque trader Guakerpin, of 165 tons burthen (bm), ten guns and 38 men. She belonged to Saint Andero, and was sailing from there to Vera Cruz with a cargo of iron, porter, and linens.
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His Majesty's hired armed lugger Black Joke was a lugger of ten 12-pounder carronades and 108 tons burthen that entered into the service of the Royal Navy on 22 May 1808.Winfield (2008), p.394. Lieutenant James Leach, late of , captained Black Joke on a special service to the Spanish coast before taking command of the bomb vessel on the Downs station.Marshall (1832), Vol. 3, Part 2, pp.408-9.
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Winfield 2009, p. 140 She was a large vessel, measuring 567 tons burthen. Castle included a total of 56 gun ports in Mordaunts design but several were too constrained by internal fittings to house a gun, and in practice the vessel was not capable of carrying more than 48 cannons. The vessel's stern featured a carved crest displaying the Mordaunt family coat of arms: a chevron beneath three stars.
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The vessel was at the waterline, long at the deck and overall. The ship had a beam of and a depth of hold of , capable of carrying up to 350 barrels of cargo. Nancy was 67 tons burthen with two raked masts, square topsails and fore-and-aft mainsails. A figurehead in the shape of a fashionably-dressed lady with a hat and feather was situated on the bow.
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The first Kent served the Royal Navy from 22 December 1798 until 19 October 1801 when she was returned to her owners. Kent had a burthen of 131 tons, and carried twelve 12-pounder carronades. In 1799 Kent recaptured two colliers, the brig Autumn and the schooner Zephyr. Between April and July 1799, Kent sailed in company with the 28-gun sloop and the 14-gun brig-sloop .
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These were two brigs. Mohawk returned to Bristol on 30 October. Her owners must have been dissatisfied with their investment because they put her up for sale in November at Trent's Floating Dock. The 1799 Lloyd's Register listed Mohawks master as "Kempthorn", her burthen as 284 tons (bm), her owner as "Hunters", and her trade as Bristol to Naples. James Kempthorne received a letter of marque on 20 November 1800.
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These rather contradictory requirements forced Reed to discard traditional wooden framing for these ships and the Beacon class became the first ships of the Royal Navy to be framed in iron with wooden planking.Ballard, pp. 132–34 The ships were long between perpendiculars and had a beam of . Forward, the ships had a draught of , but aft they drew . They displaced as built and had a burthen of 464 tons.
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The waterfront at Deptford, where Trial was constructed in 1743–44. Admiralty orders for Trials construction were issued on 18 August 1743, with work commencing in September. Her dimensions were in keeping with other vessels of her class, as a two-masted snow-rigged brig, with a gundeck length of above a keel, a beam of and measuring 272 tons burthen. The initial construction costs were ₤5,050, including fittings.
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Opposite the mouth of the Bhukhi is a large drift called Alia Bet or Kadaria Bet. The tidal rise is felt up to above Bharuch, where the neap tides rise to about a metre and spring tide . The river is navigable for vessels of the burthen of 95 tonnes (i.e., 380 Bombay candies) up to Bharuch and for vessels up to 35 tonnes (140 Bombay candies) up to Shamlapitha or Ghangdia.
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Prescott sailed Mercury to Newfoundland in April 1780. On 23 July she returned from a cruise, having, on the 19th, retaken the ship Elizabeth, which the 32-gun American privateer Dean had taken a few days earlier. Elizabeth was of 240 tons burthen, armed with 14 guns but with only 10 crewmen. When first taken she had been sailing from London to Newfoundland with a cargo of salt.
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10, p.171. On 30 January 1804, Hydra and , operating independently, encountered a French flotilla of 20 vessels off Cape La Hogue, and captured three gun brigs and a lugger. The gun brigs were of 100 tons burthen and new, having been launched only ten days earlier and having been rigged while still in the stocks. They had troops aboard that had embarked the day after the launch.
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The Spanish word toneladas is a unit of capacity of a ship's hold, roughly equivalent to English terms ton, tonnage, or tons burthen. The exact size of a tonelada varied but was usually somewhat smaller than the English ton. For older ships it is difficult if not impossible to convert between English tons and Spanish toneladas. See Glossary of Spanish Names, Blue Water Ventures The vessel's draft was , forward, and aft.
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232–233 Endeavour was the smallest of the new vessels, with a keel, a beam of and measuring 59 tonnes burthen. She was ketch-rigged, with a deep hold measuring and capacity to provide mountings for a single 13-inch mortar. Her purchase price was £444, paid to London merchant Richard Beach. A further £473 was spent by Admiralty on Endeavours conversion to bomb vessel status, and £200 for fittings.
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Lucy Maria cost sicca rupees 191,000 (c.£38,200) to build. She was built of teak and her actual carrying capacity (as distinct from her registered burthen), may have been on the order of 1300 tons. Captain Walter James, or more correctly Walter Dawes, sailed Lucy Maria from Calcutta on 7 February 1801, bound for England. She was at Saugor on 21 March and Simon's Bay on 31 July.
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Lloyd's Register for 1787 shows her master as W. Hunter and her trade as London-St. Petersburg. However, a later addition to the entry shows her master as D. Sinclair, and her trade as London-Botany Bay. It does not report any armament, which is not surprising as Britain was not at war with anyone. It still shows her launch year as 1784 and her burthen as 650 tons (bm).
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In consequence only regional shipwrights were invited to bid for Stork, with the contract awarded on 17 December 1755 to Daniel Stow and Benjamin Bartlett of Shoreham-by-Sea. Contract terms stipulated that the vessel be completed within seven months at a cost of £7.12s.6d per ton burthen, well below the average rate of £9.0s per ton quoted by Thames River shipyards for Navy vessels of similar size.Baugh 1965, pp.
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Inverlyon was a fishing smack of 59 tons burthen that was a part of the fishing fleet at Lowestoft on the Suffolk coast. The wooden boat had a flush deck, two masts, and no engine. Inverlyons sails were fore-and-aft rigged and may have been red ochre in colour, the traditional sail colour for British smacks. In February 1915, Germany began its first submarine offensive of the First World War.
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Bellone was recommissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS Junon. In June 1812, Junon escorted a convoy from Portsmouth to India. On 8 February 1813, nine boats and 200 men of the squadron of which Junon was part captured the letter of marque schooner Lottery. Lottery was of 210 tons burthen (bm), copper-bottomed and fastened, and carried six 12-pounder carronades, though she was pierced for 16 cannon.
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Her crew quarters were comfortably designed, with a headroom of between and , and a captain's cabin measuring . The ship as a whole measured 382 tons burthen; nearly one quarter larger than the Navy Board's specifications in making the purchase. The merchant vessel Union had been unarmed, so dockyard workers now cut five gunports on each side of her upper deck and filled these with four-pounder cannons.Syrett 1988, pp.
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109-110 Construction was completed over 1687 and 1688, with Salamander built at Deptford Dockyard and Firedrake at Woolwich. Both vessels were broadly similar to ketches but with two 12 inch mortars installed in fixed positions before the main mast. Firedrake was by far the larger of the two, measuring 279 tonnes burthen with a gundeck length of and a keel of . Her initial complement was 50 men.
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Cornish Hero first appeared in easily accessible records when Captain John Hartney acquired a letter of marque on 4 March 1797. She had a burthen of 182 tons and a crew of 80 men, indicating that she was a privateer. She carried fourteen 6–pounder guns and eight swivel guns. On 20 March he sailed from Falmouth on a cruise.Lloyd's List 24 March 1797, №2909, Ship arrival and departure (SAD) data.
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She may have undergone some lengthening as her burthen and length after 1817 are slightly greater than those of her naval service. On 29 September 1818 Columbo was at , on her was back to Britain from Bombay and Saint Helena. She encountered Lord Hobart Packet, returning from the , and informed Lord Hobart Packet of the loss of Calbibia in July, together with Calbibias captain and 12 crew.Lloyd's List №5326.
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Admiralty Orders of 14 November 1755 indicated that the Alderney-class vessels were to be built at private dockyards, and on 17 December 1755 the contract for Alderney was issued to commercial shipwright John Snooks of Saltash. Contract terms stipulated that the vessel be completed within seven months at a cost of £7.13s per ton burthen. The new vessel's keel was laid in January 1756 and work commenced on the hull.
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He wrote to his uncle and some of his letters were later published. He described her as a leaky and that she should be taken out of service. He reported that the owners had hired her out for 15s/month/ton (or £1795 per annum, based on a burthen of 195 tons). The owners also had agreed to provide 45 men at a rate of £5 10s each, per month.
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329Winfield 2005, pp. 334–335 In keeping with her class, Constant was two-masted and brig-rigged, with an overall length of including bowsprit, a keel, and measuring 179 tons burthen. Her draft was , sufficiently shallow to permit operations close to shore. She was also heavily armed relative to her size, with two 18 or 32-pounder bow carronades and ten 18-pounder carronades in side ports along her deck.
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Dutarte detained her for several days, plundered her, and then permitted her to proceed on her voyage.Asiatic Annual Review, "Chronicle for November 1800", pp.46-7. Malartic encountered and engaged in an action with the American vessel Rebecca, purchased at Calcutta and sailing for Baltimore under the command of Captain John W. Bronaugh. Rebecca, of about 1000 tons burthen was armed with eighteen 9-pounder guns and carried a well-armed crew of 85 men.
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Amelia captured the corvette-built privateer Charles of Bordeaux on 8 November 1810 about 400 miles west of Finisterre (). Amelia chased Charles for 13 hours, with the speed reaching as much as 12.5 knots. Charles, of 300 tons burthen (bm), was pierced for 22 guns but mounted twelve 6-pounder guns and eight 18-pounder carronades, all English measurement. She had a crew of 170 men under the command of Pierre Alexandre Marrauld.
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Admiralty Orders for her purchase were issued on 29 December 1762, and the transaction was completed on 8 February 1763 at a cost of £650. She was a small craft, single-masted and with an overall length of including bowsprit, a keel, and measuring 79 tons burthen. Her beam was . At the time she was purchased by the Navy, she had been at sea as a merchant vessel for at least fifteen years.
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227 Admiralty contracts for Aquilons construction were issued to commercial shipwright Robert Inwood of Rotherhithe on 23 May 1757, with a stipulation that work be completed within twelve months. Her keel was laid down on 15 June 1757 and work proceeded apace, with completion on 24 May 1758, just outside the contracted time.Winfield 2007, p.230 As built, Aquilon was long with a keel, a beam of , and measuring 599 tonnes burthen.
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Inquires were made of the army as to the heaviest tank that might be employed in a landing operation. The army wanted to be able to land a 12-ton tank, but the ISTDC, anticipating weight increases in future tank models specified 16 tons burthen for Mechanised Landing Craft designs. Another governor on any design was the need to land tanks and other vehicles in less than approximately 2 ½ feet of water.Ladd, 1976, p.
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The Mexicana was long with a beam of , a depth of hold of , and a tonnage of 33 toneladas.The Spanish word toneladas is a unit of capacity of a ship's hold, roughly equivalent to English terms ton, tonnage, or tons burthen. The exact size of a tonelada varied but was usually somewhat smaller than the English ton. For older ships it is difficult if not impossible to convert between English tons and Spanish toneladas.
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Between January and February 1810, Melampus was involved in the capture of Guadeloupe. In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Guadaloupe" to all surviving claimants from the campaign. Melampus was in company with the sloop when they captured a French corvette brig letter of marque on 28 May. The vessel was the Fantôme, of 300 tons burthen (bm), pierced for 20 heavy carronades, and with a crew of 74 men.
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Rowley joined the Royal Navy in 1785. He received his first command in late 1789 when Admiral Milbanke appointed him to commission the newly launched sloop HMS Trepassey. Trepassey was a tiny vessel of 42 tons burthen, often referred to as a cutter, with a crew of six men. Rowley was given command of HMS Lynx in 1794, HMS Cleopatra in 1795, HMS Hussar also in 1795 and HMS Unite in 1796.
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Alexander carried with her to England the last papers of the French navigator Lapérouse, who was subsequently shipwrecked and never seen again. Lloyd's Register for 1789 showed Alexanders master as D. Sinclair, and her trade as London-Botany Bay. A later amendment to the entry gave the name of a new master, and a new trade, neither of which is legible. However, the amendment did correct the burthen from 650 to 445 tons (bm).
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Falmouth had a length at the gundeck of and at the keel. She had a beam of , and a depth of hold of . The ship's tonnage was 610 tons burthen. Records of Falmouths original armament have not survived, but one of her sister ships was armed with 21 culverins, 18 eight-pounder cannon and 10 minions while another had 22 twelve-pounder guns, 22 six-pounder guns and 6 minions in 1696.
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As built, Stag was along the gun deck, had a beam of and a depth in the hold of . She was 792 tons burthen and drew between and .Winfield p.142 As a fifth-rate frigate, Stag was designed to carry a main battery of twenty-six guns on the upper deck with a secondary armament of four guns and four carronades on the quarterdeck and two guns and two carronades on the forecastle.
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India was controlled by the East India Company, a commercial organisation that maintained its own army and navy in Indian waters and owned a fleet of large merchant ships known as East Indiamen. These vessels ranged in size between 400 and 1500 tons burthen (bm), carried up to 30 cannons and were capable in certain conditions of fighting warships, although a frigate was usually more than a match for an individual East Indiaman.Clowes, Vol. 5, p.
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The hull was of composite construction - teak planking over an iron frame. Sobraon was the largest composite-hull sailing vessel ever built.The Aberdeen Journal compared Sobraon with the ship Schomberg, from the same builder in 1855. The latter was length 288 feet, breadth 45 feet, depth of hold 29 feet; 2400 register tons (the measurement system changed and under the old system was 2600 tons), burthen 3000-4000 tons; but she was not a composite vessel.
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Maurice (right) depicted with Thomas Carlyle in Ford Madox Brown's painting Work (detail) "The demand for political and economic righteousness is one of the principal themes of Maurice's theology." Maurice practiced his theology by going "quietly on bearing the chief burthen of some of the most important social movements of the time." Living in London the "condition of the poor pressed upon him with consuming force." Working men trusted him when they distrusted other clergymen and the church.
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The steam-powered gun turret of the Osage was at the bow and she had a deckhouse between the funnel and the sternwheel, although another was later added between the turret and the funnel. Her pilothouse was positioned above the rear deckhouse, next to the forward face of the sternwheel. The ship was long overall and had a beam of . When launched she proved to have a draft deeper than planned and she measured 523 tons burthen.
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Bache was built in Wilmington, Delaware, in 1871. Modern NOAA sources show her built by Harlan and Hollingsworth, while Shipbuilding History shows her as hull #92 at Pusey and Jones. She was a steamer with sail, "two hundred and eighty tons burthen," with later specifications showing "registered tonnage" of 182, in length, beam and draft .Recent sources, including NOAA, treat the hulls of 1871 and 1901 as one while the contemporary sources cited show clear differences.
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Julia was a schooner constructed at Oswego, New York and launched in 1811 for trade on the Great Lakes. Measuring 53 tons burthen, Julia was taken as a prize in June 1812 on the upper Saint Lawrence River by armed boats of the United States Navy for having violated President James Madison embargo of trade with the British. The master of Julia had failed to gain the proper certification showing that the schooner had cleared its last American port.
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Also found under construction on the ways were a frigate and a brig, which were destroyed, and the newly built 38-gun frigate Fidèle, which had been launched in June but had not yet been completed. Fidèle was sailed to England and completed there as . Chatham was launched from Woolwich on 14 February 1812 and had been completed by 25 April 1812. As completed Chatham was 1,860 tons burthen, long on the gun deck, and at the keel.
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On the property transfer document Frank described his occupation as "carpenter" so that may have been his trade in the Navy. Meanwhile, he built for himself a sailboat Musquito then Petrel, which was eventually a two-masted ketch of 13 tons burthen. In 1842 he moved to American River, Kangaroo Island, fishing, farming, harvesting salt and trading with Adelaide on Petrel. And while there, he built the larger ketch Kangaroo with John Buick, considered the "father" of American River.
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The British withdrew after destroying the Danish frigate Najaden. On 2 August the same year, boats of , which was under the command of Captain Lord George Stuart, captured two Danish vessels, under the command of Lieutenant Hans Buderhof, and their prize, an American vessel of about 400 tons burthen (bm). The two Danish vessels were schooner No. 114 (of six 6-pounders and 30 men), and cutter No. 97 (of four 6-pounders and 22 men).
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She was a small craft, single-masted and with an overall length of including bowsprit, a keel, a beam of and measuring 60 tons burthen. At the time of purchase she had been at sea as a merchant vessel for three years. On 8 April 1763 the newly purchased cutter was sailed to Woolwich Dockyard for fitting out as a Navy craft. Works ran for two months until 17 June, at a total cost of £501.
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On the following morning as a heavy fog cleared, the Americans spotted an incoming brig. After the engagement it turned out that she was the letter of marque , originally commanded by Captain N. Dalmahoy (or Dalmarhoy), of 237 tons burthen, mounting fourteen long 9-pounders with a crew of thirty-six men. She had been at sea for 57 days. Dalmahoy had died two weeks before the battle so her first mate, named Alexander, was captain.
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She was 1,828 tons burthen and drew between and .Winfield (2007) p. 89 The ship was initially designed to carry a main battery of twenty-eight guns on the lower deck and thirty on the upper deck, with a secondary armament of twelve guns on the quarter deck and four on the forecastle. She was launched on 30 April 1790 and taken down the Thames to Woolwich where she was fitted-out between 17 May and 18 June.
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His Majesty's hired armed schooner Lady Charlotte served the British Royal Navy on contract between 28 October 1799 and 28 October 1801. She had a burthen of 120 tons (bm), and was armed with twelve 12-pounder carronades. As a hired armed vessel she captured several privateers and recaptured a number of British merchant vessels. After her service with the Royal Navy, she apparently sailed as a letter of marque until the French captured her in 1806.
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On 24 February, Nymphe, in company with Amethyst, captured the French letter of marque Modeste, of about 600 tons burthen. She was pierced for 16 guns and had a crew of 70 men. She had left the Île de France some nine weeks earlier and was sailing for Bordeaux with a cargo of cotton, coffee, tea, sugar, indigo, and the like. Still in company with Nymphe, Amethyst captured Julius Pringle and recaptured Active (4 March) and Amity (21 March).
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HMS Hermione was the lead ship of a six-ship class of frigates designed by Edward Hunt and termed the Hermione class. She was long with a keel, a beam of , a draft of , and a hold depth of . She was 714 70/94(bm) tons burthen. She was ordered 20 March 1780, and the keel was laid down in June 1780.Winfield (2008) link She was launched on 9 September 1782 from Teast's of Bristol, having cost £11,350.14s.
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The East India company had a monopoly on trade with India and China, supporting this design. East Indiamen were the largest merchant ships regularly built during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, generally measuring between 1100 and 1400 tons burthen (bm). Two of the largest were the Earl of Mansfield and Lascelles being built at Deptford in 1795. The Royal Navy purchased both, converted them to 56-gun fourth rates, and renamed them Weymouth and Madras respectively.
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796–797 note, Suffolk to Paget, 1 August 1545: Letters & Papers, Henry VIII, vol.20 part 2 (1907), nos. 2, 3, 14, 16, 38, 39, 81, abbreviated The two ships to be used as hulks were Jesus of Lübeck and Samson, each of 700 tons burthen and similar in size to the Mary Rose. Brandon was so confident of success that he reassured the king that it would only be a matter of days before they could raise the Mary Rose.
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There was a Nimrod of 75 tons burthen and six 3-pounder guns that served from 11 October 1808 to 20 May 1814. On 1 January 1809 Nimrod was under the command of Master's Mate Edward Tapley and shared in the proceeds of the recapture of the ship Crawford by . In April 1809 Nimrod served at the Battle of the Basque Roads. William Congreve, who had arrived with a transport, fitted Whiting, Nimrod and the other hired armed cutter, King George, with rockets.
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Danae remained at anchor for the next six months while Admiralty contemplated her potential reuse. There were obstacles to returning her to service. First, her 8-pounder guns were considered a relic of previous wars in an era where 12- and 18-pounder naval cannons were common. Second, recent advances in frigate design had left Danae slower and less seaworthy than her contemporaries in British service, being more than 100 tons burthen larger than similar vessels without notable improvements in durability.
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Early in the morning of 24 April 1805 sighted twenty-six French vessels rounding Cap Gris Nez. Honyman immediately ordered , , , , , , , , , Monkey, , and to intercept. After a fight of about two hours, Starling and Locust had captured seven armed schuyts in an action within pistol-shot of the shore batteries on Cap Gris Nez. The schuyts were all of 25 to 28 tons burthen, and carried in all 117 soldiers and 43 seamen under the command of officers from the 51st.
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Advice was one of six frigates ordered by the Commonwealth of England in 1649. Her design was proposed to be modeled on that of two 1647 vessels then in active service, and . On 4 January 1650, the Admiralty Committee reached agreement with master shipwright Peter Pett to construct the vessel under private contract at Woodbridge docks, for a fee of £6.10d a ton. Initial plans were for a vessel of 34 guns with a keel and beam, measuring 511 tonnes burthen.
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At Filey By JAMES RICHARDSON. At FOORD'S HOTEL, On Wednesday, 7 November 1855, at One o'clock, The Brig HEBE, of Wisbech, 220 tons burthen, seven years old, as she now lies on the Beach in Bay, with all her stores. The ship appears to have sustained but little damage, and is an excellent coaster. On 3 September 1856 the schooner Redstart was launched from Hinson's yard and towed to Boston for rigging, and a week later, the schooner Imperial Prince of Messrs.
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Typically measuring around 2000 tons burthen and carrying a crew of 750, the second-rates by the second half of the 18th century carried 32-pounder guns on the gun deck, with 18-pounders instead of 24-pounders on the middle deck, and 12-pounders on the upper deck (rather than 18- or 24-pounders on first rates), although there were exceptions to this. Both first and second rates carried lighter guns (and, after 1780, carronades) on their forecastles and quarterdecks.
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Infernal was the first of seven bomb vessels designed by Surveyor of the Navy Thomas Slade to strengthen the Navy's shore bombardment capacity during the Seven Years' War. Admiralty Orders for her construction were issued on 5 October 1756, followed by a contract to master shipwright Henry Bird to build the vessel at the civilian dockyard in Northam, Southampton. The contract specified that Infernal should be ready for launch within six months in return for payment of £11.5.0 per ton burthen.
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A comparison of clinker and carvel construction. Carvel frames are much heavier than clinker ribs. Cogs were a type of round ship, characterized by a flush-laid flat bottom at midships which gradually shifted to overlapped strakes near the posts. They were propelled by a single, large, rectangular sail. Typical seagoing cogs ranged from about 15 to 25 meters (49 to 82 ft) in length with a beam of 5 to 8 meters (16 to 26 ft) and were 40–200 tons burthen.
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Cogs were rarely as large as 300 tons, although a very small number were considerably larger, over 1,000 tons. A rule of thumb for crew size was that one sailor, exclusive of any dedicated fighting men, was required for every 10 tons burthen of the cog, although this may generate a suggested crew size on the low side of Medieval practice. Crews of up to 45 for civilian cogs are recorded, and 60 for a 240 ton cog being used for military transportation.
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Plans of the Courageux, 1761 Another view of the Courageux, 1761 Courageux was a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Royal Navy. Her keel of was laid down at Brest in April 1751, and her dimensions as built were along the gun deck, with a beam of and a depth in the hold of . At 1,721 tons burthen, her size was typical for French 74s, which were at least 100 tons larger than their British equivalents.Winfield (2008) p.
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The Admiralty Board also considered Brilliant too lightly armed for her size. She measured an additional 50 tons burthen over a standard 32-gun frigate but carried only four more cannon. For these reasons, Brilliant was the last vessel to be built in the Venus-class. Subsequent generations of Royal Navy frigates preserved elements of her design, but with an extended hull to allow for additional gun ports and the carrying of larger weapons including the 18-pounder long gun.
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The ship was 950 tons burthen frigate designed by engineer Bouyón in the Balearic Islands. After the defeat in the Battle of Chacabuco the Spanish government ordered Esmeralda to sail from Cadiz on 6 May 1817 under the command of Captain Luis Goic with a convoy that included the ships Reina de los Ángeles, San José, San Juan, Castilla, Tagle, and Primorosa Mariana. The convoy arrived in Callao on 30 September 1817; Tagle had already arrived on 21 August.Pérez Turrado (1996), p. 96.
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A 1960 reconstruction of His Majesty's Armed Vessel (HMAV) Bounty, or HMS Bounty, was built in 1784 at the Blaydes shipyard in Hull, Yorkshire as a collier named Bethia. It was renamed after being purchased by the Royal Navy for £1,950 in May 1787. It was three-masted, long overall and across at its widest point, and registered at 230 tons burthen. Its armament was four short four- pounder carriage guns and ten half-pounder swivel guns, supplemented by small arms such as muskets.
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Clonmel was built in England and launched in 1836, at Birkenhead, near Liverpool. She was long and about broad across the paddle boxes. She had two 110 horsepower engines, and was rated at 500 tons burthen, so with 300 tons of cargo she could steam for five days. She ran around the British Isles for about 15 months before being sold to Sydney owners, was newly copper sheathed and despatched under Captain Tollervey, leaving The Downs on 20 May and arriving in Sydney on 5 October 1840.
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There was a Nimrod of 69 tons burthen and six 3-pounder guns that served from 25 June 1803 to 10 October 1808. She joined the blockade of Brest on 16 July and Admiral William Cornwallis placed her inshore, after warning her to be careful as she was not strongly armed. On 17 August captured the French privateer Messager in sight of Nimrod, commanded by William Marsh. In January 1805 head and prize money from the proceeds of Messager was due to be paid.
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Wolf was the first of three small, fast vessels built for coastal patrol and Atlantic service and designated by Admiralty as the "Wolf" class. Her design was similar to that of the preceding Drake class sloops but larger and more heavily armed. Construction was contracted to civilian shipwright Thomas West, who had overseen construction of a year earlier. As designed, Wolfs dimensions were in keeping with other vessels of her class with an overall length of , a beam of and measuring 243 tonnes burthen.
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As built, Actaeon was long with a keel, a beam of , and a hold depth of . She was the smallest vessel in the Coventry class, measuring 584 tons burthen compared to an average of 590 tons. Construction and fit-out cost £11,228.17s, including provision of 24 nine-pounder cannons located along her gun deck, supported by four three-pounder cannons on the quarterdeck and twelve -pounder swivel guns ranged along her sides. She was named in July 1757 after Actaeon, a hero from Greek mythology.
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Her keel was laid on 13 June 1757 and work proceeded apace, with the new-built vessel launched ahead of schedule on 11 January 1758. As built, Active was long with a keel, a beam of , and with a burthen of 594 tons (bm). Construction costs were £6,229, paid on a contract rate of £10 and 12 shillings per ton (bm). In late February 1758 Active sailed to Deptford Dockyard to receive her guns and naval stores, and to embark her crew of 200 officers and men.
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Hindostan was built of teak by James Bonner and James Horsburgh, of Firth, in 1813 at Sulkea, on the Hoogly near Calcutta. The Calcutta Gazette, reporting on her launch, described her as a merchantman built to carry grain rice. Her hull was pierced at the upper deck to be able to carry 20 guns, and she measured about 578 tons burthen. In August 1813, after a six-month maiden voyage, Hindostan arrived in the East India Dock, London to discharge and was offered for sale.
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On 12 August they took the fishing vessel The Gennet. Then five days later they captured the sloop Endeavor, sailing from Castine to Boston. In between, on 14 August, Nymphes yawl (armed with a carronade), and supported by Curlews boats, chased a schooner for eight hours off Cape Cod, in little wind, before they captured her. The schooner was the letter of marque , of 157 tons burthen, 20 men, and pierced for 16 guns but carrying four, two 12-pounders and two 9-pounders.
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The Grand Turk was apparently the first American vessel to call there. The original purpose of the Grand Turk was privateering, which she did well, capturing 25 ships and yielding great wealth from the sales. She was of 300 tons burthen and was designed for speed, while still having a good cargo capacity. Thomas Barstow, at his Two Oaks yard in Hanover, Massachusetts, built Grand Turk for the firm controlled by Elias Hasket Derby, launched her in May 1781, and fitted her for 28 guns.
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Kemp had increased her size to long by wide and 225 tons burthen (bm). She was fitted out as a trader though she carried a crew of 40 men and was armed with six 12-pounder long guns. She cost a little under $10,000. Lynx was a letter of marque costing the owners $34,000 to secure the L of M. That is, she was an armed merchantman with the warrant to take as prizes enemy merchantmen during the normal course of business, should the opportunity arise.
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During the Napoleonic Wars, the British economy depended on its ability to trade with the British Empire, particularly the valuable colonies in British India. The intercontinental trade was conducted by the governors of India, the Honourable East India Company (HEIC), using their fleet of large, well-armed merchant vessels known as East Indiamen.The Victory of Seapower, Gardiner, p. 101 These ships were of between 500 and 1200 nominal tons burthen (bm) and could carry up to 36 guns for defence against pirates, privateers and small warships.
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The hired armed ship Sir Thomas Troubridge or Thomas Troubridge, or Troubridge, or Trowbridge) was a ship that the Royal Navy put her under contract from 7 July 1804 to 9 May 1806. She was of 473 tons burthen (bm), and carried eighteen 6-pounder guns and eight 18-pounder carronades. She had a brief, astonishingly unremarkable career while under contract to the Navy. Troubridge was one of four vessels that Mr. T. Lockyer, of Plymouth, owned that the government hired at the same time.
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Monument in Pictou, Nova Scotia dedicated to abolitionist James Drummond MacGregor, who helped free Black Nova Scotian slaves The Canadian climate made it uneconomic to keep slaves year-round, unlike the plantation agriculture practised in the southern United States and Caribbean. Slavery within the colonial economy became increasingly rare. For example, the powerful Mohawk leader Joseph Brant bought an African American named Sophia Burthen Pooley, whom he kept for about 12 years before selling her for $100.Black History in Guelph and Wellington County Drew, p. 192.
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In addition, Sophie and a number of other vessels shared in the prize money for the capture of the brigs George and Betsey, both taken on 23 December. By 26 December 1813 Sophie was operating in company with the 36-gun fifth rate frigate , and together they captured the merchant vessel Mary Ann, sailing from Philadelphia to Charleston. On 31 December, Sophie burnt the privateer Pioneer in the Chesapeake. Pioneer, of 320 tons burthen, was armed with 17 guns and had a crew of 170 men.
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Honyman led the rest of his squadron, consisting of , Harpy, , Bruiser, Archer, , , , and , in chase. After an engagement of about two hours the British succeeded in capturing seven schuyts (including the one that Watchful had captured earlier). All were from 25 to 28 tons burthen, six were armed with from two to three guns and howitzers ranging from 6 to 24-pounders, and were carrying troops from Dunkirk to Ambleteuse. Most were under the command of army officers. One, No. 3, was a transport.
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She had a crew of 19 men, armed with small arms, and was of 35 tons burthen (bm). She was from Curaçao, sailing from Curaçao to Guadeloupe with a cargo of dry goods. Then on 9 May, Pickle alone took the schooner Jack, of Boston, sailing from Boston to Martinique with a cargo of cattle. Pickles commander is given as Mr. William Black. Later, on 26 May, Pickle, described as the tender to Captain William Browell's ship of the line recaptured the schooner John, William Jeffrey, Master.
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Roebuck was one of the 1741 Establishment group of Royal Navy fifth-rates. Originally ordered 1 December 1742 as a 40-gun ship, she was completed with 44 guns; 20 x 18pdrs on her lower deck, 20 x 9pdrs on her upper deck and 4 x 6pdrs on the quarter deck. Her keel, long, was laid down on 2 January 1743. As built, Roebuck was long at the gundeck, had a beam of , and a depth in the hold of , making her 708 tons burthen.
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During the initial exchange of fire three of Thistles carronades had been dismounted. According to Dutch sources, Havik, Lieutenant Steelingh, captain, had an estimated burthen of 200–250 tons. She had been built in Batavia and was on her way to Europe. She was armed with six 3-pounder guns and two 1-pounder swivel guns. (This gave her a broadside of 10 pounds, versus Thistles broadside of 66 pounds.) Her complement consisted of 32 men: 30 crew, and two passengers – the Admiral, and his aide.
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His Majesty's Hired armed cutter Spider served the Royal Navy on contract between 9 July 1803 and 8 December 1804. She had a burthen of 114 tons (bm) and was armed with ten 12-pounder carronades. She may have been the brig Spider, of 113 tons (bm) and fourteen 12 and 2-pounder guns, that had received a letter of marque on 29 January 1801 under Captain John Friend.Letters of Marque In March 1804, Spider detained two vessels, Maria, Anslack, master, and Atalante, Hennersman, master.
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Pendennis was one of twenty new third rate ships of the line ordered in April 1677 under the naval programme of that year, known as the Thirty Ships Programme, which was requested by Samuel Pepys in response to the Dutch and French navies surpassing England in the total number of ships of the line despite the English victory in the Third Anglo-Dutch War.Winfield, p. 61 She had a length of at her gundeck, a beam of , and a hold depth of . She measured 1,051 tons burthen and had a draught of .
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South Carolina was not launched until 1793, however, due to the recalcitrance of state officials who were loath to support or enforce the United States' customs and navigation laws. Nevertheless, Cochran drew his pay during the time of her construction and so therefore probably chartered a private vessel to conduct patrols until the South Carolina entered service. Little is known about this cutter other than that she was a schooner 38 tons burthen. Her journals and official correspondence have not survived and there is little mention of her in local papers.
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On 18 July 1812, the Baltimore schooner Falcon, of 172 tons, four guns and sixteen men, under the command of Captain John Wilson, was sailing from Boston to Bordeaux. Off the coast of France she encountered the "British cutter Hero", of five guns and 50 men. Hero sailed off after failing in three attempts during the two-hour running fight to board Falcon. This Hero may have been the cutter under the command of John Feaste, of 72 tons burthen, that sailed under a letter of marque dated 28 April 1812.
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The British were able to recover St Joseph, which Searle described as being of 145 tons burthen (bm), six years old, copper-fastened, well-found, pierced for 16 guns, a "remarkably fast sailer", and suitable for service in the Royal Navy. In the engagement Grasshopper had two men wounded. Searle had no estimate of enemy casualties, but believed that many men had drowned when they jumped overboard to avoid capture. The head and prize money was remitted from Gibraltar and Renommees share was paid out to her officers and crew in December 1813.
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The first lugger Nile had a burthen of 176, and was armed with two 6-pounder guns and ten 12-pounder carronades. She served on a contract from 23 March 1799 to 21 November 1801. From 1799 to 1800 Nile was under the command of Lieutenant Ricard Whitehead. On 12 January 1800 Nile was under the command of her master, Stephen Butcher (or Bucher), Lieutenant Whitehead being ill on shore, when she captured the French privateer lugger Moderé. Modere was armed with four 4-pounder guns and had a crew of 42 men.
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The second lugger Nile had a burthen of 170, was armed with fourteen 12-pounder carronades, and had a crew of 50 men. She served on a contract from 26 April March 1804 to 25 October 1806. The Admiralty paid an annual charge of £4576 for her hire."Answers" (1911) Mariner's Mirror. Vol. 1, №6, pp.187-8. She may have been the lugger Nile of 174 tons, fourteen 12-pounder guns, and 55 men under the command of John Blake, that received a letter of marque on 21 July 1803.
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Kidd and his acquaintance Colonel Robert Livingston orchestrated the whole plan; they sought additional funding from a merchant named Sir Richard Blackham. Kidd also had to sell his ship Antigua to raise funds. The new ship, Adventure Galley, was well suited to the task of catching pirates, weighing over 284 tons burthen and equipped with 34 cannon, oars, and 150 men. The oars were a key advantage, as they enabled Adventure Galley to manoeuvre in a battle when the winds had calmed and other ships were dead in the water.
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She measured 619 tons burthen. Construction and fit-out cost £9,979.7s, including provision of 24 nine-pounder cannons located along her gun deck, supported by four three-pounder cannons on the quarterdeck and twelve -pounder swivel guns ranged along her sides. She was named on 30 April 1763 after Sole Bay in Southwold in Suffolk. In selecting her name the Board of Admiralty continued a tradition dating to 1644, of using prominent geographic features; Sole Bay having been the site of a naval engagement between the English and the Dutch in 1672. 17.
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The Admiralty orders for Caledonias construction were issued in November 1794, for a 100-gun vessel measuring approximately 2,600 tons burthen. There were considerable delays in obtaining dockyard facilities and in assembling a workforce, and actual building did not commence until 1805 when the keel was laid down at Plymouth Dockyard. By this time the designs had also been amended to stipulate construction of a 120-gun vessel of 2,616 tons. When completed to this new design in 1808, Caledonia entered Royal Navy service as the largest and most heavily armed vessel of the time.
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As she required a new deck, FitzRoy had the upper deck raised considerably, by aft and forward. The Cherokee-class brig-sloops had the reputation of being "coffin brigs", which handled badly and were prone to sinking. By helping the decks to drain more quickly with less water collecting in the gunnels, the raised deck gave Beagle better handling and made her less liable to become top-heavy and capsize. Additional sheathing to the hull added about seven tons to her burthen and perhaps fifteen to her displacement.
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The hired armed ship Harlequin probably was the ship Harlequin that received a letter of marque on 27 August 1803. Her master was John Dyer and her description on the warrant gave her burthen as 180 tons, her armament as twenty 6 and 12-pounder cannon, and her crew as consisting of 70 men. In late May the privateer Harlequin, under the command of Captain Jenkins, arrived at Fowey from Oporto. She reported that while at Oporto in early 1804, Harlequins boat, with Captain Dyer and five other men, was swamped.
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The eight ships of the line were ordered as part of a naval expansion program aimed at strengthening the Russian Black Sea Fleet during a period of increased tension with Britain and France over the decline of one of Russia's traditional enemies, the Ottoman Empire. Beginning in the 1830s, Russia ordered a series of 84-gun ships in anticipation of a future conflict, and the Sultan Makhmuds accounted for nearly half of the nineteen vessels built. Sviatoslav was long, with a beam of and a draft of to . She displaced and measured 2,500 tons burthen.
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The eight ships of the line were ordered as part of a naval expansion program aimed at strengthening the Russian Black Sea Fleet during a period of increased tension with Britain and France over the decline of one of Russia's traditional enemies, the Ottoman Empire. Beginning in the 1830s, Russia ordered a series of 84-gun ships in anticipation of a future conflict, and the Sultan Makhmuds accounted for nearly half of the nineteen vessels built. Iagudiil was long, with a beam of and a draft of to . She displaced and measured 2,500 tons burthen.
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The eight ships of the line were ordered as part of a naval expansion program aimed at strengthening the Russian Black Sea Fleet during a period of increased tension with Britain and France over the decline of one of Russia's traditional enemies, the Ottoman Empire. Beginning in the 1830s, Russia ordered a series of 84-gun ships in anticipation of a future conflict, and the Sultan Makhmuds accounted for nearly half of the nineteen vessels built. Varna was long, with a beam of and a draft of to . She displaced and measured 2,500 tons burthen.
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The eight ships of the line were ordered as part of a naval expansion program aimed at strengthening the Russian Black Sea Fleet during a period of increased tension with Britain and France over the decline of one of Russia's traditional enemies, the Ottoman Empire. Beginning in the 1830s, Russia ordered a series of 84-gun ships in anticipation of a future conflict, and the Sultan Makhmuds accounted for nearly half of the nineteen vessels built. Uriil was long, with a beam of and a draft of to . She displaced and measured 2,500 tons burthen.
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The eight ships of the line were ordered as part of a naval expansion program aimed at strengthening the Russian Black Sea Fleet during a period of increased tension with Britain and France over the decline of one of Russia's traditional enemies, the Ottoman Empire. Beginning in the 1830s, Russia ordered a series of 84-gun ships in anticipation of a future conflict, and the Sultan Makhmuds accounted for nearly half of the nineteen vessels built. Selafail was long, with a beam of and a draft of to . She displaced and measured 2,500 tons burthen.
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Under Hare's command Bream engaged in a successful campaign of guerre de course against American shipping on the Maine coast. Typical of the prizes made was the capture made on 23 April, when Bream captured the 85-ton (burthen) sloop Semiramis on her way to Boston from Portsmouth river. Most of these captures were made off the Kennebec River in the general vicinity of Monhegan Island, but occasional forays further south were made. On 19 May, Rattler, with Bream's assistance, captured the American 18-gun privateer Alexander off Kenebank (Kennebunk, Maine).
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By 1812, Horatio was under the command of Captain Lord George Stuart. On 2 August, boats from the frigate captured two Danish vessels, under the command of Lieutenant Hans Buderhof, and their prize, an American vessel of about 400 tons burthen (bm). The two Danish vessels were schooner No. 114 (with six 6-pounders and 30 men), and cutter No. 97 (with four 6-pounders and 22 men). Nine men from Horatio were killed and 16 wounded, of whom two died later; the Danes lost ten men killed and 13 wounded.
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Clephan reported that the schooner Blockade had captured was a small one out of St Lucia and that two days earlier Blockade had abandoned her prize while a British brig was chasing the privateer. Clephan described Blockade as a fine schooner of 128 tons burthen that had had her keel laid only three months earlier. American reports stated that the capture took place after an action of one hour and 20 minutes during which Blockade lost 28 men killed and the British had eight men killed.Niles Weekly Register, V.3, #17, p.268.
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Anne was one of twenty new third rate ships of the line ordered in April 1677 under the naval programme of that year, known as the Thirty Ships Programme, which was requested by Samuel Pepys in response to the Dutch and French navies surpassing England in the total number of ships of the line despite the English victory in the Third Anglo-Dutch War.Winfield, p. 61 She had a length of at her gundeck, a beam of , and a hold depth of . She measured 1,051 tons burthen and had a draught of .
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Its master was John Thomas junior and it traded to Liverpool, Malta, Ancona, Venice and as far as San Francisco, where the whole crew deserted the ship to join the Californian gold rush. Consequently, the ship was anchored, with hundreds of others, in San Francisco harbour for several years. She was later sold, along with many other ships, by the United States Marshall. John Thomas also owned a sloop of 29 tons burthen called the "SEDULOUS", which was built in Cardigan and registered at Llanelli on 15 February 1842.
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On 13 October 1778, the squadron under Captain Joseph Deane in captured Comte de Maurepas off Cap-François on 13 October 1778.That same day the squadron captured the merchant vessel Astrėe, which the Royal Navy took into service as the sixth-rate frigate , and which Captain Horatio Nelson would briefly command. Comte de Maurepas was of 500 tons burthen (bm), was armed with eight guns, and had a crew of 32 men under Charles Bailly, master. She had been carrying a cargo of bricks and bale goods from Nantes.
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Under the terms of the act, ships could transport 1.67 slaves per ton up to a maximum of 207 tons burthen, after which only one slave per ton could be carried. The well-known slave ship Brookes was limited to carrying 454 people; it had previously transported as many as 609 enslaved.Walvin 2011, p. 27. Olaudah Equiano was among the supporters of the act but it was opposed by some abolitionists, such as William Wilberforce, who feared it would establish the idea that the slave trade simply needed reform and regulation, rather than complete abolition.
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A week later, Pickle and Garland captured the Dutch schooner Maria. Maria had a crew of 19 men, armed with small arms, and was of 35 tons (bm) burthen. She was from Curaçao, sailing from Curaçao to Guadeloupe with a cargo of dry goods. On 15 January 1801, while the 20-gun post-ship , 18-gun ship-sloops and , and schooner Garland (tender to Daphne), were at an anchor in the harbour of the Saintes, they observed a convoy of French coasters, escorted by an armed schooner, sailing towards Vieux-Fort, Guadeloupe.
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Swift was the third of three small, fast vessels designed by Surveyor of the Navy Jacob Acworth to guard merchant shipping between North America and Britain after the declaration of war against Spain in 1739.Winfield 2007, p.299 She was ordered in December 1740 to be constructed by civilian shipwright Robert Carter on the waterfront at Limehouse, then fitted out, armed and commissioned at Deptford Dockyard. Her dimensions were in keeping with other vessels of her class, with an overall length of , a beam of and measuring 203 tons burthen.
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From this point on the history of Sphinx becomes conjectural, highly plausible, but still conjectural as there are missing links. What ties the vessels together are names, launching in Genoa in 1813-4, similarity of dimensions, including a burthen of 350 to 359 tons (bm), number of guns, and description as a brig. There was a British brig called Regent that the Royal Navy acquired in 1816. It is known that she was Italian-built, being captured on the stocks at Genoa when that port was taken in 1814.
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Durham boats replaced the use of bateaux on the Niagara River. Porter Barton & Co. ran them on a regular schedule carrying salt from Little Niagara (Fort Schlosser) to Black Rock beginning about 1805. At least one Durham boat “of about ten tons burthen” was reported built at the Black Rock shipyard on the Niagara River in 1809. In 1810, a “salt boat” with a crew of four bound to Black Rock with 150 barrels of salt was upset and drifted down the river, and went over the falls.
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After 1700s, the role of jong has been replaced by European type of ships, namely the bark and brigantine, built at local shipyards of Rembang and Juwana (the former shipbuilding place for jong), such ships may reach 400-600 tons burthen, with the average of 92 lasts (165.6-184 metric tons).Lee, Kam Hing (1986): 'The Shipping Lists of Dutch Melaka: A Source for the Study of Coastal Trade and Shipping in the Malay Peninsula During the 17th and 18th Centuries', in Mohd. Y. Hashim (ed.), Ships and Sunken Treasure (Kuala Lumpur: Persatuan Muzium Malaysia), 53-76.
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Albany was one of a group of eight full-rigged, three-masted wooden sloops built in the early 1840s that were the last American sailing sloops to be commissioned.E. B. Potter,Sea Power: A Naval History. Chapter 11: Navies in Transition (Administrative Changes). Naval Institute Press, Jun 15, 2014. 9781612517674 The ship measured long between perpendiculars and she had a beam of . Albany had a draft of and had a tonnage of 1042 tons burthen. The ship had a crew of 210 officers and enlisted men.Paul H. Silverstone. The Sailing Navy 1775-1854 Routledge, 2006, 0415978726 p.
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After the privateer left, Antelope resumed loading slaves.Noonan: 13-14, 29 A hermaphrodite brig of a little less than 200 tons burthen named Baltimore, under the flag of the Venezuelan revolutionary Luis Brión, arrived in Baltimore in 1819. In December 1819 the ship, now named Columbia, sailed from Baltimore under a letter of marque issued by the Uruguayan revolutionary José Gervasio Artigas. The crew of Columbia had all sworn that they were not citizens of the United States, but a United States Revenue-Marine cutter removed four of the crewmen as U.S. citizens before escorting the ship out to sea.
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18th-century diagram of a hoy, with the names of essential parts and a legend giving dimensions A hoy was a small sloop-rigged coasting ship or a heavy barge used for freight, usually with a burthen of about 60 tons (bm). The word derives from the Middle Dutch hoey. In 1495, one of the Paston Letters included the phrase, An hoye of Dorderycht (a hoy of Dordrecht), in such a way as to indicate that such contact was then no more than mildly unusual. The English term was first used on the Dutch Heude-ships that entered service with the Royal Navy.
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The reduction in crew size is indicative that Mohawks primary objective would now be trade, not privateering. In June 1800, an advertisement appeared stating that Mohawk, Captain James Kempthorne, was prepared to sail in 10 days, without convoy, for Palermo and Naples. The 1800 and 1801 Lloyd's Registers repeated the information from 1799, but gave her name as Mohawke, added an armament of twenty-two 3 and 4-pounder guns, and gave her burthen as 284 tons (bm). On 27 March 1800 Mowhawk had a brush with a 14-gun French ship in the Bay of Biscay.
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The eight ships of the line were ordered as part of a naval expansion program aimed at strengthening the Russian Black Sea Fleet during a period of increased tension with Britain and France over the decline of one of Russia's traditional enemies, the Ottoman Empire. Beginning in the 1830s, Russia ordered a series of 84-gun ships in anticipation of a future conflict, and the Sultan Makhmuds accounted for nearly half of the nineteen vessels built. Arkhangel Gavriil was long, with a beam of and a draft of to . She displaced and measured 2,500 tons burthen.
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The eight ships of the line were ordered as part of a naval expansion program aimed at strengthening the Russian Black Sea Fleet during a period of increased tension with Britain and France over the decline of one of Russia's traditional enemies, the Ottoman Empire. Beginning in the 1830s, Russia ordered a series of 84-gun ships in anticipation of a future conflict, and the Sultan Makhmuds accounted for nearly half of the nineteen vessels built. Trekh Ierarkhov was long, with a beam of and a draft of to . She displaced and measured 2,500 tons burthen.
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The eight ships of the line were ordered as part of a naval expansion program aimed at strengthening the Russian Black Sea Fleet during a period of increased tension with Britain and France over the decline of one of Russia's traditional enemies, the Ottoman Empire. Beginning in the 1830s, Russia ordered a series of 84-gun ships in anticipation of a future conflict, and the Sultan Makhmuds accounted for nearly half of the nineteen vessels built. Sultan Makhmud was long, with a beam of and a draft of to . She displaced and measured 2,500 tons burthen.
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The second Swan was a cutter of ten 12-pounder carronades and 119 tons burthen (bm) that served the Royal Navy from 3 August 1807 until the Danes captured her on 24 April 1811 during the Gunboat War.Anderson gives the day as 23 April, Winfield gives it as 24 April, and Gossett gives it as 25 April. During Swans contract she was under the command of Lieutenant Mark Robinson Lucas. On 24 August 1807, Swan captured the Haabet, Joost, Master. On 24 May 1808 she found herself in action off the island of Bornholm with a Danish cutter-rigged vessel.
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The Spaniard was able to take a position under Gibraltars lee quarter and to rake her from there. Anderson then struck. Gibraltars captor was the 34-gun Murciano.Murciano (which also carried the religious name of San Fulgencio), was a 467-ton (burthen) xebec launched on 30 January 1779, the first of three sisters (the others being Valenciano and Catalán), ordered on 16 May 1778 and all launched at Cartagena during 1779; she measured 150 pies in length (the Spanish pie was 278.6 mm, about 91.4% of an English foot), 39 pies in breadth, and 14½ pies in depth of hold.
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It also showed her burthen as 248 tons.LR (1804), Seq.№M879. 4th slave voyage (1804–1805): captain George Adams sailed from London on 2 September 1804. Minerva started gathering slaves on the Gold Coast on 16 November. She arrived at Cumingsberg (British Guiana), on 7 March 1805. There she landed 256 slaves. She left on 1 April and arrived back at London on 10 June.Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – Minerva voyage #82753. 5th slave voyage (1805–1806): Captain James Boswell left London on 5 July 1805. Minerva gathered her slaves at Accra and landed 116 slaves at Demerara on 6 May 1806.
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Like most of her sister third rates of the Thirty Ship Programme Burford was rebuilt in the peace between the War of English Succession and the War of Spanish Succession. Her rebuild was ordered in June 1697 and was carried out by Edward Snelgrove at Deptford. She was docked on 1 November 1697 and relaunched on 12 September 1698. After the rebuild she was 5 inches longer on the gun deck, nearly 5 inches broader in the beam and 11 inches less in her hold depth, for an increase in burthen of nearly 62 tons, or 5.9%.
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David Thomas was born at Court Farm during the tenancy of the Mansels, when the house was divided into two. He was a gifted, but unqualified, bone setter from an illustrious family practising bone setting, and is buried in St Illtud's Church, Pembrey. The Thomas family proved to have other talents, and many vocations. Three generations are listed in the Church's registers as farmers, butchers, shopkeepers, and shipowners of vessels that traded from Pembrey, Old Harbour. On 24 July 1843, John Thomas, a farmer, and David Thomas, a shopkeeper, jointly registered a brigantine of 185 tons burthen known as the "ELIZA" at Llanelli.
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Despite this close connection with the sea, when King Charles I asked Sir Walter Vaughan if he could supply the Crown with a ship of 30 tons, Sir Walter avoided the issue by claiming that Carmarthenshire was an inland county with only a few creeks. However, this did not prevent Sir Walter from acquiring possession of at least two ships at auction, after mishaps led to them running aground at Pembrey. One of these was of 60 tons burthen and known as "DOROTHY". She was registered at Burry and leased for a voyage from Laugharne to Chester, with a cargo of salt.
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Poole suggests that Breakspear's promotion was Eugenius' method of alleviating the monks' complaints, as Eugenius told them to "go forth [and] elect you a father with whom ye can or will live in peace; he [Breakspear] shall no longer be a burthen to you". When Breakspear was later pope, however, he seemed to favour St Ruf well, for example authorising them to send a delegation to the chapter of Pisa Cathedral to cut stone and columns. The chapter was requested, says Egger, to "help them in every possible way to conduct their business". Poole questions the reasoning for Breakspear's episcopal promotion.
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The Bristol Classic Boat Company is a boat building and restoration company based at Bristol's Floating Harbour, England. The company has its origins in Storms'l Services a group of shipwrights who formed in about 1986 to undertake the complete rebuild of Aello Beta, a gaff schooner designed and built by Max Oertz in 1920. Storms'l Services completed major restorations on a number of ships including the yawls Voluta and Samphire and the Clyde cutter Tigris. Most famously members of the company built the 50 tons burthen replica of John Cabot's 15th century caravel, the Matthew, with Colin Mudie in 1996 at Redcliffe Wharf.
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Santa María was probably a medium-sized nau (carrack), about long on deck, and according to Juan Escalante de Mendoza in 1575, Santa Maria was "very little larger than 100 toneladas" (about 100 tons, or tuns) burthen, or burden, and was used as the flagship for the expedition. Santa María had a single deck and three small masts. The other ships of the Columbus expedition were the smaller caravel-type ships Santa Clara (known as La Niña ("The Girl")), and La Pinta ("The Painted"). All these ships were second-hand (if not third- or more) and were not intended for exploration.
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The cottage shown on the map is near the southern end of Jeffrey Street. In January 1805, Campbell returned to England and was involved in a famous court case in London which precipitated the breaking of the monopoly of the British East India Company. Before leaving for England Campbell had approached Philip Gidley King with a plan for to construct a ship in Sydney of 136-tons burthen, and had identified the site of the proposed shipyard in Kirribilli. His agent, John Palmer, purchased the land while Campbell was in England from Charles Grimes, the Surveyor General.
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Sexton was a member of the Committee, chaired by Hugh Childers, to enquire into the financial relations between Great Britain and Ireland. In the report of the committee, published in 1896, he wrote a minority report showing that the tax burden on Ireland had been steadily increased throughout the nineteenth century, at the same time as its people were steadily impoverished."Ireland's Financial Burthen", Auckland Star, 11 January 1897, p. 3 He was hostile to the Irish Land Acts (1903) on financial grounds, and regarded by William O'Brien as one of the principal players involved in his subsequent marginalisations from the Irish Party.
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More damage was inflicted but this time from the gale damaging more sails and rigging. At about midnight Argo got alongside the Santa Theresa and fired a broadside that wounded two men and badly damaged Santa Theresas rigging. At this point the Spanish captain of Santa Theresa Don Pablo Perez realized that further resistance was futile and after a conference with his men struck her colours. Santa Theresa was upwards of 950 tons burthen, carrying 42 guns plus coehorns and swivel guns and in addition to her crew of 280 seamen and marines, she had 250 soldiers on board.
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299 She was ordered in August 1740, to be constructed by contract by shipwrights Grevill and Whetstone on the waterfront at Limehouse on the River Thames, and was then fitted out, armed and commissioned at Deptford Dockyard. Her dimensions were in keeping with other vessels of her class, with an overall length of , a beam of and measuring 205 tons burthen. Construction costs were low, being ₤1,550 in shipwright fees and building expenses and a further ₤1,505 for fittings. Hawk had two masts, supported by a trysail mast aft of the main mast, being square-rigged on the fore and main masts.
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Then on the day after Christmas, Indefatigable and captured the American ship Eliza. On 7 January 1808 Indefatigable and captured the French galiot Fanny and her cargo. Then on 31 July, Indefatigable, in company with the gun-brig , captured the letter of marque Diane, which was on her way to Île de France, carrying naval stores, as well as letters and dispatches that she threw overboard during the chase. She was six years old, had a burthen of 482 tons (bm), was armed with fourteen 9 and 6-pounder guns, and had a crew of 68 men.
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Plan and elevation of Sea Witch Sea Witch was 192 feet in length, had a 43-foot beam, and was of 908 tons burthen. She was designed and built by the shipbuilding firm of Smith & Dimon in New York City as a purpose- built vessel for the speedy movement of high-value freight, such as porcelain and tea, from China to the United States East Coast. To this end, she was very heavily sparred and built with especially tall masts for a vessel of her size. Her 140-foot mainmast carried five tiers of sails, as did the shorter foremast and mizzenmast.
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Those who consider Le Griffon to have been the first ship on the lakes—and hence, the first Queen—also consider her to have been the first lost.See LaSalle's Griffin and Thompson, pp. 13-14 Other sources say the first ship was a smaller vessel built by LaSalle at Fort Frontenac beginning in September 1678, for the purpose of conveying supplies and material to Niagara. This vessel, which is called Frontenac in some reports,Mansfield, John Brandt (ed.), History of the Great Lakes, J.H. Beers & Co., Chicago, 1899, p. 81 is said to have been about 10 tons burthen, measuring from long.
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He cruised with great success against smugglers until he was promoted to the rank of Commander in 1790, and soon after appointed to the brig with orders to resume his former station on the coast of Cornwall. In 1790 Barracouta was under the command of Lieutenant Alexander Douglas for the Yorkshire coast. She underwent fitting at Sheerness in 1790 and then in 1791 she was under the command of Lieutenant James Malcolm. The "Principal Officers and Commissioners of his Majesty's Navy" offered "His Majesty's Cutter Barracouta, Burthen 197 Tons, lying at Sheerness" for sale on 12 January 1792.
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Brilliant was commissioned in October 1757 under the command of post-captain Hyde Parker and entering Navy service during the early stages of the Seven Years' War against France. Her first engagement was on 19 December 1757 when, in company with the 28-gun , she encountered the French privateer Diamond. A contemporary report described the Quebec-built Diamond as "a very fine vessel" of 200 tons burthen, carrying 14 carriage guns and a cargo of furs. Diamond opened fire on Brilliant as she approached, but before the British could retaliate the French vessel exploded and sank.
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Pilgrim was a brig-rigged sailing vessel built in 1825 by Sprague & James at Medford, Massachusetts for Joshua Blake, Francis Stanton and George Hallett, and later sold to Bryant & Sturgis of Boston. She measured 180.5 tons burthen, had a length of and a beam of . Richard Henry Dana, Jr., a Harvard College undergraduate suffering from the effects of measles, joined the crew in 1834 as an ordinary sailor for a voyage from Boston, Massachusetts via Cape Horn to California to trade for hides from the ranches around the Franciscan missions. That voyage is covered in the first part of his classic memoire Two Years Before the Mast.
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The fourth King George may have been the same vessel as one or the other, or both, of the first two. She was of 129 tons burthen and carried twelve 12-pounder carronades. She served from 22 August 1803 until 25 September 1804 when she grounded and her crew set her on fire to prevent her capture. In 1804 King George had officially been renamed Georgiana (though the continuing reference to her under her old name suggests that this had not taken universally), and was under the command of Lieutenant Joshua Kneeshaw.Winfield (2008), p. 392.The United service magazine, Volume 1855, Issue 3, p.377.
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The second hired armed cutter Nile had a burthen of 166 tons. She carried ten 12-pounder carronades and two 6-pounder bow guns. Her contract ran from 30 May 1804 to 1 March 1805. In 1804 she was renamed Phyllis. In 1806 she resumed the name Nile and served a second contract, this time from 18 February 1806 to 12 December 1806.Winfield (2008), p.393. 1804 Nile, under the command of Lieutenant John Nugent, recaptured several vessels in 1804: Excellent (21 June), Mary of Newcastle (6 July), and Providence (7 July). Excellent, Davis, master, had been sailing from Carmarthen to London when a French privateer captured her.
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114Albion 2000, p. 27 Orders from Admiralty to build the Coventry-class vessels were made after the outbreak of the Seven Years' War, and at a time in which the Royal Dockyards were fully engaged in constructing or fitting-out the Navy's ships of the line. Consequently, and despite some Navy Board misgivings, contracts for Coventry-class vessels were intended to be issued to private shipyards, with an emphasis on rapid completion of the task. However only one offer was received, from shipwright Thomas Stanton of Rotherhithe, and Admiralty rejected his fee of £9.0 per ton burthen as being too high for a fir-built ship.
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In early 1813 Captain David Porter entered the Pacific, via Cape Horn, in the thirty-two gun frigate USS Essex. Originally Porter was assigned to rendezvous with two other warships but both encountered British warships and Porter went around the Horn alone. The mission was to harass the British whaling industry off South America and around the Galapagos Islands. Around the Galapagos, Porter and his men captured numerous British vessels and recaptured an American ship from the Peruvians. One of the vessels he captured was the letter of marque Greenwich, of 338 tons burthen, armed with 10 guns and having a crew of 25 men under the command of Captain Shuttleworth.
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Winfield 2007, pp. 5859 It was the only vessel built to these specifications; all subsequent 74-gun vessels launched during the Seven Years' War were designed directly by Slade. There was little room available in the Royal Dockyards for the new vessel. Consequently, despite some Navy Board misgivings regarding quality and cost, contracts for her construction were issued to a private shipwright, Henry Bird of Rotherhithe, for £17.2s per ton burthen and with an emphasis on completion and launch by May 1758. Fames keel was laid down 28 May 1756 but work proceeded slowly, with the vessel not finally ready for launch until 1 January 1759.
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The ship measured 305 tons burthen (bm) and was long between perpendiculars with a beam of , a depth of hold of and a draught of . After capture by the Americans in 1813, the dimensions of Detroit were reported as long with a beam of and a draught of 12 ft, but this has been discredited as an attempt by Jesse Elliott to claim larger ships to receive larger payouts from the prize courts as it produced disproportionate measurements. The Americans give the displacement of the vessel as . No design drawings remain, though from contemporary art, Detroit was seen to have a flush, corvette-style upper deck, pierced for 20 guns.
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Lieutenant Smith took in the boats and destroyed the polacca, which was of about 200 tons burthen (bm) and which had been carrying a cargo of iron hoops and staves. The cutting out expedition suffered no casualties though it came under fire from a tower with two guns located no more than a pistol-shot away. After dark on 8 August, Porcupine, still under the command of Duncan, had her cutter and jolly boat under Lieutenant Francis Smith cut out a vessel she had run ashore on the island of Pianosa. The cutting out party was successful, bringing out Concepcion, which was armed with four guns.
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Launched in 1821, Aaron Manby was the first steamship to be built of iron. She was the brainchild of the eccentric but far-seeing naval officer Captain (later Admiral) Charles Napier, who had conceived the idea of a fleet of steamships for service on the River Seine. The ship was named after the master of the Horseley Ironworks, Tipton, Staffordshire, where she was pre-fabricated to a design jointly formulated by Captain Napier, Aaron Manby and his son Charles. She was then shipped in pieces to Rotherhithe on the Thames and assembled there. Of 116 tons burthen, the ship was 120 feet (36.6 m) long.
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On 16 October she captured the French privateer Vantour after a six-hour chase. Vautour was armed with seven 4-pounder guns and two 12-pounder carronades. She was of 130 tons burthen, with a crew of 78 men. She had sailed from Morlaiz on 13 October and not taken anything. The next year, on 19 August 1797, Dryad captured the French privateer Éclair. Éclair was armed with ten 4-pounder and four 8-pounder guns. She had a crew of 108 men and had sailed from L'Orient on 11 August, and had not taken anything. Then on 9 September Dryad sank the 12-gun French privateer Cornélie.
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Shortly after General Anthony Wayne took control of Detroit in 1796, a ship was ordered for construction by the United States Army. Construction of the 125-tons burthen vessel at the United States Shipyard on the River Rouge began in 1797. Some accounts of the vessel indicate that the process of salting for preservation of the wood used in the construction was utilized aboard Adams. However, the process was done incorrectly and in a refit performed ten years after the brig's construction, it was found that the salt had been packed too tightly and had not dissolved into the wood, and remained hard and dry between the frames.
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168 He was then appointed to HMS Pyramus, a 36-gun frigate fitting for the Baltic station. Cruising on those latitudes, Dashwood captured a Danish privateer, giving notice of his feat: > Sir, I beg to acquaint you, that the Danish three-masted schooner privateer > Norsk Mod, of six guns, four swivels, 28 men, and of 100 tons burthen, > commanded by Mathias Bergt, was captured at two o'clock this morning by the > Pyramus. – This privateer had left Arundel only six hours, and sailed for > the express purpose of annoying the very large convoy that sailed yesterday > from Gottenburgh for England. I have the honour to be, &c.
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Woad (Isatis tinctoria) was shipped out from the port. Inevitably some trade was carried out illicitly. 'By the General Pilot Act of the fifty second of George III, masters of vessels piloted or conducted by any other than a Licensed Pilot, are liable to forfeit double the amount of the Pilotage, and also a penalty Five Pounds for every fifty tons burthen and persons taking charge vessels or acting Pilots without being duly licensed, or without having registered their licences with the proper Officer of the Customs, are liable to a penally of £50'. NOTICE IS HEREBY ALSO GIVEN That the following persons, viz.
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A Modest Proposal For preventing the Children of Poor People From being a Burthen to Their Parents or Country, and For making them Beneficial to the Publick, commonly referred to as A Modest Proposal, is a Juvenalian satirical essay written and published anonymously by Jonathan Swift in 1729. The essay suggests that the impoverished Irish might ease their economic troubles by selling their children as food to rich gentlemen and ladies. This satirical hyperbole mocked heartless attitudes towards the poor, as well as British policy toward the Irish in general. In English writing, the phrase "a modest proposal" is now conventionally an allusion to this style of straight-faced satire.
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Leave the Americans as they anciently stood, and these > distinctions, born of our unhappy contest, will die along with it. […] Be > content to bind America by laws of trade; you have always done it […] Do not > burthen them with taxes […] But if intemperately, unwisely, fatally, you > sophisticate and poison the very source of government by urging subtle > deductions, and consequences odious to those you govern, from the unlimited > and illimitable nature of supreme sovereignty, you will teach them by these > means to call that sovereignty itself in question. […] If that sovereignty > and their freedom cannot be reconciled, which will they take? They will cast > your sovereignty in your face.
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On 29 August, in Vigo Bay, Admiral Sir Samuel Hood assembled a cutting-out party from the vessels under his command consisting of two boats each from Amethyst, , , , and , four boats from , as well as the boats from , , and Impetueux. The party went in and after a 15-minute fight captured the French privateer Guêpe, of Bordeaux, and towed her out. She was of 300 tons burthen and had a flush deck. Pierced for 20 guns, she carried eighteen 9-pounders, and she and her crew of 161 men were under the command of Citizen Dupan. In the attack she lost 25 men killed, including Dupan, and 40 wounded.
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During the winter months, timbers had to be brought overland, then in early 1810, the Provincial Marine vessels Earl of Camden and were sent to Pelee Island to load cedar while shipwrights from the Provincial Marine shipyard at Kingston, Upper Canada were sent to augment those at Amherstburg. The ship was constructed of oak for the large members and hull planking, cedar for the beams and futtocks and pine for the deck planking. The ship was long with a beam of and a depth of hold of and a draught of . Queen Charlotte had a displacement of 254 tons burthen and had a ship's company of 126 officers and ratings.
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Hennepin called this vessel a "great bark." One source says the loss occurred on January 8, 1679. Supplies and extra clothing were lost, but LaSalle and his men rescued material for the ship, dragged them to the mouth of the Niagara, rested a few days in an Indian village, and arrived at the settlement above the falls on January 20.Cox, Isaac Joslin; The journeys of Rene Robert Cavelier, sieur de La Salle. Volume 1, (hosted by the Portal to Texas History ) Some say the lost vessel was Frontenac. Historian Francis Parkman says that by 1677, there were already four vessels on Lake Ontario between 25 and 40 tons burthen.
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Télémaque was a little larger with a burthen of 39 tons (bm). A Speedwell, either the hired lugger or the cutter , next appears as a participant in the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland (27 August 1799 – 19 November 1790). On 24 September Admiral Andrew Mitchell reported that he detached Captain Boorder, in , with Speedwell, to scour the Coast from Steveren to Lemmer. Subsequently, both Speedwells were among the vessels that shared in the proceeds of the Vlieter Incident on 28 August 1799, when the Dutch fleet, with 632 guns and 3700 men, surrendered to Admiral Mitchell, without a shot being fired. December 1799 gave Speedwell her last two captures.
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Sir Charles Ottley, the Secretary to the Committee of Imperial Defence, wrote to Lord Esher that Blatchford's appeal was not based on a partisan, political basis as he had said that the country did not want a Liberal or Unionist government but a MAN: "His strength is that he knows what he wants and is not afraid to ask for it in plain language...The burthen of the song is—compulsory service, a strong navy and a general raising of the standard of education and living of the masses of the British people".Morris, p. 214. Lord Cromer publicly declared that he shared Blatchford's patriotism.Morris, p. 216.
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Burford was one of the four newly built 70-gun third rates of the 1719 Establishment and was ordered on 12 March 1720 to replace the first , which was wrecked on the Italian coast in 1719. She was named for her predecessor and also the Earl of Burford, grandson of King Charles II and Nell Gwynne. Master Shipwright Richard Stacey constructed her at Deptford Dockyard though she was 4 inches broader in the beam and 18 tonne burthen bigger than the 1719 Establishment allowed. After being launched on 19 July 1722, she was completed less than a month later on 7 August but not immediately commissioned.
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Additional sheathing added to the hull added about seven tons to her burthen and perhaps fifteen to her displacement. The ship was one of the first to be fitted with the lightning conductor invented by William Snow Harris. FitzRoy spared no expense in her fitting out, which included 22 chronometers, and five examples of the Sympiesometer, a kind of mercury-free barometer patented by Alexander Adie which was favoured by FitzRoy as giving the accurate readings required by the Admiralty. To reduce magnetic interference with the navigational instruments, FitzRoy proposed replacing the iron guns with brass guns, but the Admiralty turned this request down.
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Exeter was one of six new third rate ships of the line ordered on 20 February 1678 under the 1677 naval programme, known as the Thirty Ships Programme, which was requested by Samuel Pepys in response to the Dutch and French navies surpassing England in the total number of ships of the line despite the English victory in the Third Anglo-Dutch War. Unlike most previous ships of the program, she was built by a private yard as Royal Navy dockyards had fallen behind schedule with the earlier ships. She had a length of at her gundeck, a beam of , and a hold depth of . She measured 1,031 tons burthen and had a draught of .
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From 5 February 1813 to May 1815 Armide was under the command of Captain Edward Thomas Troubridge. On 14 May, he brought her into Nova Scotia, together with a convoy of three store ships from Cork. On 7 August 1813 Armide captured an American schooner laden with munitions of war on the Rappahannock River at Windmill Point and with two ladies as passengers. Armide forwarded the ladies to their place of destination but kept their two male escorts and three sailors as British prisoners.Flournoy (1892), p.275. On 15 August, Armide was in company with and Pique when she captured the American privateer Herald of 230 tons burthen (bm), 17 guns and 100 men.
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She was armed with 16 guns but had thrown ten overboard. She was of 331 tons burthen (bm) and had a crew of 60 men. Little Belt was an American sloop of 18 tons (bm) and 3 men, sailing from New York to Charleston, that destroyed on 26 September off "the Capes" after taking off Little Belts cargo. To prepare for the attack on New Orleans, in early December 1814 Vice Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane hoisted his flag in Armide and took her together with the 38-gun frigate HMS Seahorse and the 18-gun Cruizer-class brig-sloop HMS Sophie off Pensacola to an anchorage at the Isle of Vaisseau at the beginning of December 1814.
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Antelope was a ship of a little more than 112 tons burthen built in Freeport, Maine, in 1802. In 1809 she was sold to a foreign owner, and in 1819 she passed to a Spanish owner in Cadiz, who renamed her Fenix. The new owner of Antelope was licensed in August 1819 by the Spanish government of Cuba to trade for new slaves from Africa. In early March 1820 Antelope was at Cabinda loading African slaves when a privateer flying the flag of an unspecified Latin American republic (several of which were then rebelling against Spanish rule) accosted Antelope and seized goods and supplies and the best of the slaves from the ship.
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She was plagued with heavy rolling in rough seas and her poor stability adversely affected gun accuracy and general performance as a fighting platform. To correct this, she underwent a substantial remodeling in Erith in 1536 (the same year as Mary Rose), during which the height of the hull was reduced. In this new form she was 1000 tons burthen and carried 151 guns of varying size, including 21 of bronze; her full crew was reduced to between 700 and 800. She was given an improved and innovative sailing arrangement with four masts, each divided into three sections; the forward two square rigged with mainsail, topsail and topgallants; and the aft two carrying five lateen sails between them.
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Another possibility for succession was the Council of Fifty, a group of trusted men, some of them non-Mormon, who campaigned for Smith's 1844 run for President of the United States, and sought the establishment of a theocratic government. Rigdon had moved to Pennsylvania in order to legally run as Vice President. In a meeting of the Council of Fifty in the spring of 1844, Smith told those with him, “I roll the burthen [burden] and responsibility of leading this Church off from my shoulders on to yours,” Joseph Smith proclaimed. “Now, round up your shoulders and stand under it like men; for the Lord is going to let me rest a while”.
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She then served in the Baltic during the Gunboat War. On 23 April 1808 boats from Daphne and , supported by the brig , drove ashore a Dano-Norwegian convoy at Flodstrand, near The Skaw on 22 April. The convoy was taking supplies for the relief of Norway as a result of food shortages that had occurred there after the British had begun their blockade between Denmark and Norway in 1807. The British went in under heavy fire from the shore and a castle there and brought out five brigs, three galliots, a schooner and a sloop (totalling some 870 tons burthen), for the loss of five men wounded, four on Daphne and one on Tartarus.
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Bredah was one of the new new third rate ships of the line ordered on 9 July 1678 under the 1677 naval programme, known as the Thirty Ships Programme, which was requested by Samuel Pepys in response to the Dutch and French navies surpassing England in the total number of ships of the line despite the English victory in the Third Anglo-Dutch War. She had a length of at her gundeck, a beam of , and a hold depth of . She measured 1,021 tons burthen and had a draught of . She carried 70 guns with 13 gunports on the sides of each deck and had a crew of 460 men, reduced from a planned 470.
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Two examples of the LCM 1 on an exercise prior to the 1942 Dieppe Raid Following the Inter-Service Training and Development Centre ’s (ISTDC) successful development of the infantry carrying LCA, attention turned to the means of efficiently delivering a tank to a beach in 1938. Enquiries were made of the army as to the heaviest tank that might be employed in a landing operation. The army wanted to be able to land a 12-ton tank, but the ISTDC, anticipating weight increases in future tank models specified 16 tons burthen for Mechanised Landing Craft designs. Another limit on any design was the need to land tanks and other vehicles in less than approximately .
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Water Witch was launched on 6 August 1835 by George Graham in the former Royal Naval Dockyard at Harwich, Essex,Water Witch was sometimes referred to as "government-built", presumably on the basis of being built in a former naval dockyard. completed her final outfitting on the River Thames, and arrived at Dover on 24 September 1835. She initially measured 89 tons burthen and the hull was long, in beam and deep.As a consequence of changes in regulations she was later measured as 130GRT, 74NRT, with dimensions x x She was engined with a 2-cylinder beam engine, made by Maudslay, Sons and Field at Lambeth, of 80 horse power and driving two side paddle wheels.
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A replica of the Bremen cog: note the stern deck, partially enclosing the hold, and the crow's nest A cog is a type of ship that first appeared in the 10th century, and was widely used from around the 12th century on. Cogs were clinker-built, generally of oak. These vessels were fitted with a single mast and a square-rigged single sail. They were mostly associated with seagoing trade in north-west medieval Europe, especially the Hanseatic League. Typical seagoing cogs ranged from about 15 to 25 meters (49 to 82 ft) in length, with a beam of 5 to 8 meters (16 to 26 ft) and were 30–200 tons burthen.
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After revealing this to Victoria, the Count goes on to tell the story of what transpired since he faked Victoria's death and his son's death and then left. The Count admits that he was unable to live peacefully as what he did weighed heavily on his mind. He also confesses how fearful he was that what he did would one day be discovered, going so far as to admit that “life became a burthen (burden) to me” (, p151). Furthermore, the Count details how he searched the Countess’ apartment, found evidence of Matilda being there and soon after drugged Joseph with opium, locked all the windows and doors, and then set fire to the castle.
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The construction of a weir in Liverpool happened at the same time as major infrastructure projects in Sydney including the construction of Busby's Bore (Sydney's second water supply, after the Tank Stream) and was immediately followed by the construction of Circular Quay. Liverpool Weir also appears to have been one of the first weirs constructed and still surviving in south and western Sydney. While bars and riffles are present, it is thought that the river was navigable upsteam of the weir site before the weir was constructed. Governor Macquarie noted in his journal that Liverpool was "admirably calculated for Trade and Navigation ....where the Depth of Water is sufficient to float Vessels of very considerable Burthen".
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Song, "I have slept beneath the water" - The Lady of the Lake (Lemmens-Sherrington) ::The Lady of the Lake describes awakening after centuries, to the merry, golden present, and rising to meet the queen. :4. "Let Fauns the cymbal ring" - Quartet (Lemmens-Sherrington, Palmer, Cummings, and Santley) and male chorus of sylvans ::The Fauns, Sylvans and Dryads welcome Oriana (a nickname for Elizabeth) with music and tribute, and celebrate her bravery and beauty. :5. Slow Dance with a Burthen (Women's Chorus) :6. Song, "I am a ruler on the sea" - Arion (Santley) ::The Greek poet Arion sings of Britain's mastery of the sea and praises the mariners who guard her glorious crown.
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Regular ships were on a long term contract with the EIC, and extra ships were vessels the EIC had chartered for one or more voyages. The data in the table below comes primarily from an 1814 report from a Select Committee of the House of Commons of the British Parliament, which provided the data only on country ships, giving the names of a large number of vessels, and their burthen (bm). Also, transliteration of non-English names shows no consistency across sources, making it extremely difficult to try to find more information about the vessels in question. The British government chartered some nine of these vessels as cartels to carry back to France the French troops that they had captured in these campaigns.
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Only a few bags of cotton and some rigging were saved.Lloyd's List 3 June 1814. On 30 April 1814 Captain Nathaniel Snow and others brought libel for condemnation in the United States court at Boston for one case of goods taken from Union ‘which she did seize, take and capture, mounting ten carriage guns, and about 280 tons burthen with a cargo of cotton, coffee and various other articles of merchandise. The case of goods in question contained lace shawls, dresses and handkerchiefs which brought $1800 at auction.’ Shortly thereafter, a group of Boston merchants, headed by J. & T.H. Perkins and Bryant & Sturgis, dispatched three letters-of-marque to Canton: Rambler, ship Jacob Jones, and schooner Tamaamaah (contemporary spelling of Kamehameha).
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Levants keel was laid down in June 1757 but work proceeded slowly and the vessel was not ready for launch until July 1758. As built, Levant was long with a keel, a beam of , and a hold depth of . After Adams' modifications, she was of 595 tons burthen, nearly ten tons more than the figure specified in the contract. Her armament comprised 24 nine-pounder cannon located along her gun deck, supported by four three-pounder cannon on the quarterdeck and twelve -pounder swivel guns ranged along her sides. The Admiralty-designated complement was 200, comprising two commissioned officers a captain and a lieutenant overseeing 40 warrant and petty officers, 91 naval ratings, 38 Marines and 29 servants and other ranks.
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Major portion of mayang hull is built using teak wood. The hull shape is broad, flat-bottomed with pronounced bow and stern. It is deckless, but may have covered "house" in the middle of the boat. Mayang also built with watertight bulkhead. In 18th century, Mayang is described as having a crew of 6, 9,15 to 12,2 meter long; with 7,24 metric tons burthen. A boat from 1850 had a beam of 3 m, a length of 12 m, and a depth of 1 m. There were at least 9 compartments for storing fish (called petak), three of them in front of the mast separated from each other by bulkheads. The planks are all fixed by treenails (pasak) into the bulkheads.
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In 1519 he received a grant in reversion of the offices of steward, constable and gatekeep of the castle and lordship of Bamborough, Northumberland. In 1525, as a knight for the body, he was granted the reversion of the office of governor of Jersey, and of the castle of Mont Orgueil in that island. Ughtred also pursued mercantile interests and was able to obtain, in 1525, a licence to export wools, woollen cloths, hides, lead, tin, and other English merchandise in a ship of 200 tons 'burthen, once within the next two years, beyond the straits of Marrock (Morocco), without payment of customs, provided they do not exceed 50 marks.' There was a further licence granted in 1527 to export woollen cloths.
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HMS Terror was a bomb ship built over two years at the Davy shipyard in Topsham, Devon, for the Royal Navy. Her deck was long, and the ship measured 325 tons burthen. The vessel was armed with two heavy mortars and ten cannon, and was launched in June 1813. Terror saw service in the War of 1812 against the United States, during which the ships of the North America and West Indies Station of the Royal Navy blockaded the Atlantic ports of the United States and launched amphibious raids from its base in Bermuda, leading up to the 1814 Chesapeake campaign, a punitive expedition that included the Raid on Alexandria, the Battle of Bladensburg, the Burning of Washington, and the Battle of Baltimore.
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Battle of Zealand Point Boats from and , supported by the brig , drove ashore a Dano-Norwegian convoy at Flodstrand, near The Skaw on 22 April. The convoy was taking supplies for the relief of Norway as a result of food shortages that had occurred there after the British had begun their blockade between Denmark and Norway in 1807. The British went in under heavy fire from the shore and a castle there and brought out five brigs, three galliots, a schooner, and a sloop (totalling some 870 tons burthen), for the loss of five men wounded. The British frigate also approached Bergen under Dutch colours on 15 May in order to attack the Dutch frigate Guelderland, which had been undergoing repairs there.
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On 12 October 1832 the Cambridge Chronicle reported 'The river that runs through this town, in consequence of the great outfall, was so low last week, that the stones on its bed, under the bridge, were visible and dry at low water'. Mr Cook, a sailmaker (died 1834) was just one of the many craftsmen supporting ship building in the town, there were also at least two ropewalks. By 1838 the river level was sufficient to allow the port to receive the largest vessel ever to enter the River Nene; a vessel from Prussia over 300 tons burthen, with a full load of timber. In May 1839 the steam towing company were advertising to purchase one or two steam tugs.
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In 1693, John Locke published Some Thoughts Concerning Education. In describing the teaching of children, he declares, > None of the things they are to learn, should ever be made a burthen to them, > or impos'd on them as a task. Whatever is so propos'd, presently becomes > irksome; the mind takes an aversion to it, though before it were a thing of > delight or indifferency. Let a child but be order'd to whip his top at a > certain time every day, whether he has or has not a mind to it; let this be > but requir'd of him as a duty, wherein he must spend so many hours morning > and afternoon, and see whether he will not soon be weary of any play at this > rate.
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Two examples of the LCM 1 on an exercise prior to the 1942 Dieppe Raid Following the successful development of the infantry carrying LCA by the Inter-Service Training and Development Centre (ISTDC), attention turned to the means of efficiently delivering a tank to a beach in 1938. Inquires were made of the army as to the heaviest tank that might be employed in a landing operation. The army wanted to be able to land a 12-ton tank, but the ISTDC, anticipating weight increases in future tank models specified 16 tons burthen for mechanised landing craft designs. Another limit on any design was the need to land tanks and other vehicles in less than approximately 2½ feet of water.
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At the same time he made it illegal for the future to secure debts upon the person of the debtor.Aristotle, Constitution of Athens, 6In ancient Greece, the power of creditors over the persons of their debtors was absolute; and, as in all cases where despotic control is tolerated, their rapacity was boundless. They compelled the insolvent debtors to cultivate their lands like entile, to perform the service of beasts of burthen, and to transfer to them their sons and daughters, whom they exported as slaves to foreign countries. For more, see Reports of Committees of The House Of Representatives at the First Session of the Twenty-Second Congress, Begun and Held at The City of Washington, December 7, 1831. 74.
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The Whydah was commissioned in 1715 in London, England, by Sir Humphrey Morice, a member of parliament (MP), who was known as 'the foremost London slave merchant of his day'.1985 gathering of Atlantic Slave Trade Scholars at the University of Nantes A square-rigged three-masted galley ship, it measured in length, with a tonnage rating at 300 tuns burthen, and could travel at speeds up to . Christened Whydah after the West African slave-trading Kingdom of Whydah, the vessel was configured as a heavily armed trading and transport ship (which included the Atlantic slave trade). It set out for its maiden voyage in early 1716, carrying a variety of goods from different businesses to exchange for delivery, trade, and slaves in West Africa.
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The rate was based on a burthen of 793 tons. EIC voyage #7 (1804–1806): Captain Wood acquired a new letter of marque on 7 June 1804. He sailed from Portsmouth on 10 July 1804, bound for Bengal, Madras, and Bombay. Worcester was at Madeira on 24 July and arrived at Kedgeree on 2 November. She was at Madras on 12 February 1805, Cannanore on 3 April, and Goa on 18 April. She arrived at Bombay on 27 April. Homeward bound, she reached St Helena on 30 August and arrived back at the Downs on 23 December. EIC voyage #8 (1807–1808): Captain Woods sailed from Portsmouth on 4 March 1807, bound for St Helena, Madras, and Bombay. Worcester reached St Helena on 13 May and arrived at Madras on 20 September.
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Country ships were vessels that were registered in ports of British India such as Bombay and Calcutta, and that traded around India, with Southeast Asia, and China, but that did not sail to England without special authorization from the EIC. In addition, some were "regular ships" of the British East India Company (EIC), and some were "extra ships". Regular ships were on a long term contract with the EIC, and extra ships were vessels the EIC had chartered for one or more voyages. The data in the table below comes primarily from an 1814 report from a Select Committee of the House of Commons of the British Parliament, which provided the data only on country ships, giving the names of a large number of vessels, and their burthen (bm).
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Captain Hustwick had contracted the disease but recovered as did Dr. Bowler of the Rattlesnake. These three were popularly regarded as heroes; John Marshall, the London shipping agent whose duty it was to select prospective migrants and arrange their transportation, was the villain, dubbed "dealer in human flesh" for overcrowding the ship. Government regulations stipulated a maximum of 2 persons (including crew) for every 5 tons of Registered Burthen; Lady MacNaghten, of 550 tons should have carried no more than 334; she was carrying an equivalent of 336 adults, so certainly the ship was overcrowded, but the previous year she carried 300 convicts, a crew of 37 and 49 guards; 386 in all, but only lost two. Sixty-one Lady McNaghten passengers were lost, though probably not all to typhus.
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Aberthaw Lime Works Rhoose Quarry and Aberthaw Cement Works Aberthaw's maritime trade continued throughout the 18th century, but by the 1840s, its role as a port declined: the harbour 'is resorted to by a few coasting-vessels of inferior burthen', as the Topographical Dictionary of Wales in 1849 reported. In 1851, Aberthaw had a population of 495 people. The principal material then being exported, however, was the local lias limestone, called Aberthaw tarras, which was used to make hydraulic lime, which sets under water and was therefore very useful for building light houses (including the Eddystone Lighthouse) and canal locks. This limestone, considered to be of high quality, was to play a key role in the local economy during the ensuing years, beginning with the opening of Aberthaw Lime Works in January 1888.
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She was possibly functioning as a hospital ship and therefore may have had more people on board than the official amount. During the voyage half the fleets medical supplies were transferred to the Santa Maria de Vison from the Casa de Paz which had been deemed unseaworthy. La Lavia, a Venetian merchantman from Naples and the vice- flagship of the squadron, mounted 25 guns, displaced 728 tons, had a crew of 71 sailors and transported 271 soldiers. The Juliana was a Catalan merchantman from Barcelona 32 guns, displaced 860 tons Built in 1570, she had 65 crew 290 soldiers estimated 325-520 tons burthen this ship was perhaps carrying siege train parts and tools and potentially heavy guns as part of the siege train for use against fortifications.
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The letter of marque described her as a sloop of 100 tons burthen (bm), armed with twelve 4-pounder guns and four swivel guns, and having a crew of 40 men.Letter of Marque - accessed 15 May 2011. The British later recaptured Active and sent her into Guernsey.This may have been the Actif, which the Royal Navy took into service as . The next day Sémillante captured the Guernsey privateer Betsey, of 10 guns and 55 men. On 27 May 1794 Sémillante encountered the British frigate . In the ensuing combat, which lasted some two hours, Sémillante lost 20 men killed and 40 wounded, Gaillard being among the dead. When Venus lost her main top mast, Sémillante was able to extricate herself and escape to Brest, where she arrived on 2 June.
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The preeminent database on the trans- Atlantic slave trade confuses two vessels. It gives Spy the origins and dimensions of , of 337 tons (bm). Stag was launched in 1774 in France and captured circa 1779. It then attributes to Stag the burthen (200 tons), of Spy. The probable source of the confusion is that in 1786 Captain Thomas Wilson transferred from Spy to Stag, which had been renamed Spy in 1784, with the change of name not making it into Lloyd's Register until 1787.LR (1787), Seq.No.525. 1st slave voyage (1784-1785): Captain Thomas Wilson sailed from London on 12 August 1784. Spy started acquiring her slaves on 1 December at Cape Coast Castle. She sailed from Africa on 1 March 1785 and arrived at Montego Bay, Jamaica on 4 May with 350 slaves.
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The outbreak of the American Revolutionary War in 1775, and the need to service substantial fleets at sea, strained Royal Navy resources and necessitated the purchase of additional storeships, transports and victualler vessels. As part of this process, on 13 June 1776 the Admiralty instructed the Navy Board to obtain two new ships of around 300 tons burthen, which would resupply naval vessels then operating off the Gulf of St Lawrence in North America. Only one such ship was immediately available a merchant barque named Union, was offered for sale by shipping agent James Wilkinson, with an asking price was £9 per ton for hull, masts and yards. A Navy Board counter-offer of £6.4s per ton was refused, and on 10 July the vessel was purchased on Wilkinson's terms for £3,438.
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His Majesty's Hired armed cutter George was a cutter that served the Royal Navy between 6 June 1798 and 12 November 1801 under contract. She had a burthen of 125 tons (bm), and was armed two 6-pounder guns and twelve 12-pounder carronades. She captured one French privateer. During the Napoleonic Wars the French captured her and she served the French Navy until September 1813; she was struck from the French Navy's lists ca. 1816. ;Hired armed cutter She was under the command of Lieutenant Charles Patey when on 18 November 1798 she captured the French privateer lugger Enterprise, off Alderney after a chase of four hours. Enterprise mounted two swivel guns, and had a crew of 16 men under the command of Jacques Adam, master, all well supplied with small arms.
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All landing craft designs (and landing ship designs for ships intended to beach) must find a compromise between two divergent priorities; the qualities that make a good sea boat are opposite those that make a craft suitable for beaching.Saunders 1943, p. 11. In 1938, following the Inter-Service Training and Development Centre 's (ISTDC) successful development of the infantry carrying LCA and close support LCS, attention turned to the means of efficiently delivering a tank to a beach. Inquires were made of the army as to the heaviest tank that might be employed in a landing operation. The army wanted to be able to land a 12-ton tank, but the ISTDC, anticipating weight increases in future tank models specified 16 tons burthen for Mechanised Landing Craft designs.
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Private interests purchased her, increased her burthen from 181 to 195 tons by cutting her in half and lengthening her, and changed her rig to that of a brig. The Admiralty hired her and she commenced service as His Majesty's hired brig (HMhb) Cockatrice on 6 August 1804. In 1804 she was under the command of Lieutenant Nicholas Kemp (or Kempe) when on 18 June she came into Portsmouth with a convoy from the Downs, and on 22 June sailed with a convoy for the westward.Naval Chronicle, Vol. 12, pp.163-4. On 2 October she escorted the recaptured West Indiaman into Liverpool. Later, on 10 January 1805, Cockatrice recaptured the brig Padgey. Padgey had been sailing from Cardiff to London when a privateer captured her near Land's End.
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The ships of the Sultan Makhmud class varied slightly in dimensions; they were to long, with a beam of to and a draft of to . They displaced and measured 2,500 tons burthen. The ships were built with a round stern to increase its strength. The ships carried an armament that varied between members of the class and changed over time. Sultan Makhmud was armed with a battery of twenty-eight 36-pounder long guns on the lower gun deck and another thirty-two 36-pound short-barreled guns on the upper gun deck. Most of the other members of the class carried an identical battery in their lower and upper decks, though with just twenty-six guns in their lower deck, with the exception of Sviatoslav, which four 68-pound Paixhans guns in addition to twenty-eight of the 36-pounder guns.
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Lincoln did not see a tariff as a tax on low-income Americans because it would only burden the consumer according to the amount the consumer consumed. By the tariff system, the whole revenue is paid by the consumers of foreign goods ... the burthen of revenue falls almost entirely on the wealthy and luxurious few, while the substantial and laboring many who live at home, and upon home products, go entirely free. Lincoln argued that a tariff system was less intrusive than domestic taxation: The tariff is the cheaper system, because the duties, being collected in large parcels at a few commercial points, will require comparatively few officers in their collection; while by the direct tax system, the land must be literally covered with assessors and collectors, going forth like swarms of Egyptian locusts, devouring every blade of grass and other green thing.
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Smith quickly built a small model boat to test his invention, which was demonstrated first on a pond at his Hendon farm, and later at the Royal Adelaide Gallery of Practical Science in London, where it was seen by the Secretary of the Navy, Sir William Barrow. Having secured the patronage of a London banker named Wright, Smith then built a , canal boat of six tons burthen called Francis Smith, which was fitted with a wooden propeller of his own design and demonstrated on the Paddington Canal from November 1836 to September 1837. By a fortuitous accident, the wooden propeller of two turns was damaged during a voyage in February 1837, and to Smith's surprise the broken propeller, which now consisted of only a single turn, doubled the boat's previous speed, from about four miles an hour to eight.
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Caloric ship Ericsson, 2,200 tons burthen, built for John B Kitching and Associates, A B Lowber, Commander The caloric ship, powered by the 4th Ericsson engine was built in 1852. A group of New York merchants and financiers headed by John B Kitching, Edward Dunham, President of the Corn Exchange Bank, and G.B. Lamar, president of the Bank of the Republic, backed the project and in April, 1852, the keel of the ship was laid at the yard of Perine, Patterson, and Stack in Williamsburgh. At about the same time the construction of the engine was commenced by Messrs Hogg and Delamater. Hull and machinery were built in the greatest possible secrecy, both Ericsson and his financial backers being convinced that their ship would revolutionize ocean transport by its economy and safety, and that competitors would if possible copy the design of at least the engine.
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Griffin was an oak-built 28-gun sixth-rate, one of 18 vessels forming part of the Coventry-class of frigates. As with others in her class she was loosely modeled on the design and dimensions of , launched in 1756 and responsible for capturing five French privateers in her first twelve months at sea.Winfield 2007, p. 227 Admiralty contracts for Griffins construction were issued to commercial shipwright Moody Janverin of Bursledon on 16 May 1757, with a stipulation that work be completed within twelve months. Her keel was laid down in June 1757 but work proceeded slowly and the vessel was not launched until 18 October 1758. On 26 October she was sailed to the Royal Navy dockyard at Portsmouth where she was armed and supplied for service at sea.Winfield 2007, p.230 As built, Griffin was long with a keel, a beam of , and measuring 598 tonnes burthen.
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He would later revise the patent, reducing the length to one turn. Smith quickly built a small model boat to test his invention, which was demonstrated first on a pond at his Hendon farm, and later at the Royal Adelaide Gallery of Practical Science in London, where it was seen by the Secretary of the Navy, Sir William Barrow. Having secured the patronage of a London banker named Wright, Smith then built a , canal boat of six tons burthen called Francis Smith, which was fitted with a wooden propeller of his own design and demonstrated on the Paddington Canal from November 1836 to September 1837. By a fortuitous accident, the wooden propeller of two turns was damaged during a voyage in February 1837, and to Smith's surprise the broken propeller, which now consisted of only a single turn, doubled the boat's previous speed, from about to .
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In 1808, Bell moved to the modern town of Helensburgh, on the north shore of the Firth of Clyde, where his wife undertook the superintendence of the public baths, and at the same time kept the principal inn, whilst he continued to prosecute his favourite scheme, without much regard to the ordinary affairs of the world. In 1809 Henry Bell was elected as the first Provost of Helensburgh.The Ingenious Mr Bell by Brian D Osborne, 1995 PS Comet sailing on passenger service on the River Clyde 1812 In 1812 he and John Robertson built the steam-boat the PS Comet, of 30 tons burthen, with an engine of three horsepower. The Comet, named after a great comet which had been visible for several months in 1811–12, was built by Messrs John Wood and Co., at Port Glasgow which lies 3 miles to the east of Greenock, as adjacent towns on the south bank of the River Clyde as it widens into the Firth of Clyde.
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Sir Thomas Slade, naval architect for Solebay in 1760 Solebay was one of three Royal Navy vessels designed according to a 1760 schematic drawn up by Sir Thomas Slade, a naval architect and newly appointed Surveyor of the Navy. Slade had been impressed with the sailing qualities of a captured French vessel, Abénaquise, and used this vessel as his template for Solebay with modifications to incorporate a heavier hull and better sailing qualities in poor weather. His plans for the new 28-gun sixth-rate were approved by Admiralty on 30 January 1762.Winfield 2007, pp.231-232 At the time, the Royal Dockyards were fully engaged in maintaining and fitting-out the Navy's ships of the line.Consequently, the contracts for Solebay were issued to a private shipyard, Thomas Airey and Company of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, with a requirement that the vessel be completed within 14 months at a cost of £9.3s per ton burthen.
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In other cases, it could be a basis for statist nationalism According to the Privy Council, military conscription, which was at a high in the late sixteenth century, gave "great ease and good to the country to be ridd of those kinde of people whoe otherwyse wil be a burthen to the country." Such attempts to channel and appropriate the power of the commoners did not escape their notice. In Pierce Pennilesse, Thomas Nashe wrote, "If they have no service abroad, they will make mutinies at home..." Popular awareness of such strategies to channel the power of the commons toward royal interests did not generate resistance, but offered a chance for the commons to insert their own interests into the transaction. Perhaps this is why in the Elizabethan era, Piers and Piers-like figures began to appear as itinerant laborers and tradesmen: tinkers, coblers and shoemakers who claimed to represent true Englishness over against effete, pretentious elites.
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Bridport mustered ten ships of the line to maintain the watch on Brest, although detachments of the fleet had been cruising in the region since 25 January and with notice he could call on 28 ships of the line. The French fleet had suffered a series of setbacks in the early years of the war: in addition to the losses at Groix, seven ships had been lost at the Glorious First of June in 1795 and more were wrecked during the failed Croisière du Grand Hiver operation of 1795 and the Expédition d'Irlande in 1796.Clowes, p. 553 To replenish these losses, the French Navy was building new ships at its major fleet bases and in April 1798 a ship had been commissioned at Lorient: the Hercule, a 74-gun ship of 1,876 tons burthen launched in July 1797 and commanded by the experienced Captain Louis L'Héritier, veteran of the Glorious First of June, and with a crew of 680, 20 short of a full complement.
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There she landed 270 slaves. She sailed from St Vincent on 21 July and arrived back at Liverpool on 20 August. She had left with 36 crew members and suffered eight crew deaths on the voyage. On 3 March 1789 Captain John Gillis replaced Rives..å At some point she underwent repairs that increased her burthen to 205 tons. 4th slave voyage (1790–1791): Captain William Lace sailed Lady Penrhyn from Liverpool on 13 September 1790. She gathered her slaves at Calabar and delivered them to Grenada on 1 June 1791. There she landed 228 slaves. At some point Captain Thomas Smith replaced Lace. She sailed from Grenada on 19 July and arrived back at Liverpool on 7 September. She had left Liverpool with 20 crew members and she suffered seven crew deaths on the voyage. In 1792 Lady Penrhyn underwent a large repair.Lloyd's Register (1793) Seq. №L39. 5th slave voyage (1792–1793): In 1793 her captain was initially Nathaniel Ireland.
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Amelia lost 2 killed and 17 wounded. On 29 August 1800, in Vigo Bay, Admiral Sir Samuel Hood assembled a cutting-out party from the vessels under his command consisting of two boats each from Amelia, , , and Cynthia, four boats from , as well as the boats from , and Impetueux The party went in and after a 15-minute fight captured the French privateer Guêpe, of Bordeaux and towed her out. She was of 300 tons burthen and had a flush deck. Pierced for 20 guns, she carried eighteen 9-pounders, and she and her crew of 161 men were under the command of Citizen Dupan. In the attack she lost 25 men killed, including Dupan, and 40 wounded. British casualties amounted to four killed, 23 wounded and one missing. In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "29 Aug. Boat Service 1800" to all surviving claimants from the action. During a dark and stormy night on 5 February 1801 Amelia captured the French privateer brig Juste of St Malo.
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The Ship Master was named Robert Batten. One voyage in May of 1638 carried 61 settlers from Southampton, England, leaving before 12 May 1638 in which they were “some Dayes gone to sea”, to "Newengland", all one word. The ship's passenger destinations included: Newbury, Weymouth, Wells, Maine, Newport, Salisbury, and Charlestown."The Planters of the Commonwealth in Massachusetts" by Charles E. Banks No verified details of this merchant ship, its age or fate is known other than "Beuis(t) of Hampton of CL. Tonnes". This translates to “Bevis of Hampton, 150 tons.” The (t) was actually a footnote reference symbol in the form of a Latin cross (✝️). The “burthen” or weight bearing capacity of cargo of the Bevis was 150 tons. This does not mean the ship weighed only 150 tons because it more likely weighed three times (450 gross weight) or more of its cargo capacity.The Passenger List of The Bevis (1638) Many of the three masted merchant ships traveling across the Atlantic Ocean about this same time period were in the 450 to 650 ton range.
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Consequently, despite Navy Board misgivings about reliability and cost, contracts for all but one of Coventry-class vessels were issued to private shipyards with an emphasis on rapid completion of the task. Contracts for Lizards construction were issued on 13 April 1756 to shipwright Henry Bird of Globe Stairs, Rotherhithe. It was stipulated that work should be completed within twelve months for a 28-gun vessel measuring approximately 590tons burthen. Subject to satisfactory completion, Bird would receive a fee of £9.9s per ton to be paid through periodic imprests drawn against the Navy Board.Winfield 2007, pp. 229–230Baugh 1965, pp. 255–256 Private shipyards were not subject to rigorous naval oversight, and the Admiralty therefore granted authority for "such alterations withinboard as shall be judged necessary" in order to cater for the preferences or ability of individual shipwrights, and for experimentation with internal design. Lizards keel was laid down on 5 May 1756, and work proceeded swiftly with the fully built vessel ready for launch by April 1757, well within the stipulated time.
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Winfield 2007, p. 227 Orders from Admiralty to build the Coventry-class vessels were made after the outbreak of what was later called the Seven Years' War, at a time when the Royal Dockyards were fully engaged in constructing or fitting-out the Navy's ships of the line. Consequently, and despite some Navy Board misgivings, contracts for most Coventry-class vessels were issued to private shipyards, with an emphasis on rapid completion. The contract for Levants construction were issued on 20 May 1757 to shipwright Henry Adams of Buckler's Hard in Hampshire. It was stipulated that work should be completed within ten months for the 28-gun vessel measuring approximately 586tons burthen. Subject to satisfactory completion, Adams would receive a comparatively modest fee of £9.5s per ton to be paid through periodic imprests drawn against the Navy Board.Winfield 2007, pp. 229230Baugh 1965, pp. 255256 As private shipyards were not subject to rigorous naval oversight, the Admiralty also granted authority for "such alterations withinboard as shall be judged necessary" in order to cater to the preferences or ability of individual shipwrights.
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News of the probable loss of Fly was reported by Captain Allan M'Askell of Castle of Good Hope when it arrived in Sydney in February 1803 to find that Fly had never arrived. The Ship News in the Sydney Gazette & New South Wales Advertiser of 5 March 1803 reported the loss "we have been informed of the more than probable loss of the Fly, a vessel of about 100 tons burthen, laden with piece and other valuable goods, also bound for this place" (Sydney)", and belonging to the House of Campbells, at Calcutta" (Kolkata) ". She left Calcutta in the month of April last" (1802) ", and has not since been heard of; was commanded by Mr. John Black, a young man much esteemed here by all who knew him." Black's death was not publicly confirmed until April 1804 when the Ship News in the Sydney Gazette & New South Wales Advertiser of 15 April 1804 reported: "The brig Fly, Captain Black, that sailed from Calcutta for this colony in April 1802 has never been heard of".
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The Yangtze River, with its calmer waters, may have been navigable for such large but unseaworthy ships. Zheng He would not have had the privilege in rank to command the largest of these ships. The largest ships of Zheng He's fleet were the 6 masted 2000-liao ships. This would give burthen of 500 tons and a displacement tonnage of about 800 tons. Xin Yuan'ou, professor of the history of science at Shanghai Jiaotong University, argued that Zheng He’s ships could not have been as large as recorded in the History of Ming. Xin’s main reasons for concluding that the ships could not have been this size are: # Ships of the dimensions given in the Ming shi would have been 15,000-20,000 tons according to his calculations, exceeding a natural limit to the size of a wooden ocean-going ship of about 7,000 tons displacement.Church (2005). p. 3. # With the benefit of modern technology it would be difficult to manufacture a wooden ship of 10,000 tons, let alone one that was 1.5-2 times that size.
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Four days later, in Vigo Bay, Admiral Sir Samuel Hood assembled a cutting-out party from the vessels under his command consisting of two boats each from Cynthia, , , and , four boats from , as well as the boats from , and Impetueux The party went in and after a 15-minute fight captured the French privateer Guêpe, of Bordeaux and towed her out. She was of 300 tons burthen and had a flush deck. Pierced for 20 guns, she carried eighteen 9-pounders, and she and her crew of 161 men were under the command of Citizen Dupan. In the attack she lost 25 men killed, including Dupan, and 40 wounded. British casualties amounted to four killed, 23 wounded and one missing. In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "29 Aug. Boat Service 1800" to all surviving claimants from the action. On 5 December Cynthia and the gunvessel were in company with the 36-gun frigate when Florentina captured the French polacre Union, bound from Alexandria to France with a cargo of rice and coffee.
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Over time these castles became higher and larger, and eventually were built into the structure of the ship, increasing overall strength. This aspect of the cog remained in the newer-style carrack designs and proved its worth in battles like that at Diu in 1509. The Mary Rose was an early 16th-century English carrack or "great ship". She was heavily armed with 78 guns and 91 after an upgrade in the 1530s. Built in Portsmouth in 1510–1512, she was one of the earliest purpose-built men-of-war in the English navy. She was over 500 tons burthen, had a keel of over 32 m (106 ft) and a crew of over 200 sailors, 185 soldiers and 30 gunners. Although the pride of the English fleet, she accidentally sank during the Battle of the Solent, 19 July 1545. Henri Grâce à Dieu (English: "Henry Grace of God"), nicknamed "Great Harry", was another early English carrack. Contemporary with Mary Rose, Henri Grâce à Dieu was 165 feet (50 m) long, weighing 1,000–1,500 tons and having a complement of 700–1,000.
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Following the American War of Independence, which left Bermuda the only British territory between Nova Scotia and the West Indies, the Royal Navy bought the island to use for a lighthouse and dockyard. A dozen years were spent surveying Bermuda's encompassing reef for a channel sufficient to enable ships of burthen to reach Ireland Island and the Great Sound. Although the Admiralty had already begun acquiring Ireland Island and other properties around the Great Sound, in 1795 it first established a base at the East End, where Admiralty House was first located at Rose Hill, beside St. George's town with the fleet anchoring at Murray's Anchorage, off the northern shore off St. George's Island while construction began at Ireland Island. The lighthouse was never built, but the dockyard became a strategically important one for the navy during the wars of 1812–15. It first served as the winter headquarters and base for what was to become the North America and West Indies Station (with Halifax, Nova Scotia, filling these roles during the summers), but became the year-round headquarters, main-base and dockyard by the 1820s.
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Measuring on the gundeck and on the keel, she had a beam of , measured 1,612 tons burthen and mounted 74 guns. This armament consisted of twenty-eight 32-pounder guns on her lower gundeck, twenty-eight 18-pounder guns on the upper gundeck, fourteen 9-pounder guns on the quarterdeck and four 9-pounder guns on the forecastle. The ship was named Bellerophon, a decision that had been arrived at by at least April 1782, when it was entered into the minutes of the Surveyor's Office. The First Lord of the Admiralty at the time, John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, had apparently selected the name from Lemprière's Classical Dictionary, which he kept on his desk. The recently ordered 74-gun ship was thereafter to be named after the Greek warrior Bellerophon who rode the winged horse Pegasus and slew the monster Chimera. The pronunciation proved difficult for the ordinary sailors of the period, and she was widely known by variants, most commonly "Billy Ruffian" or "Billy Ruff'n", although "Belly Ruff One" appears in a satirical 1810 print by Thomas Rowlandson, and "Bellyruffron" in the novel Poor Jack by Frederick Marryat.
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She arrived at Hobart 99 days later, which established a record that would stand until 1837. She delivered one set of convicts to Hobart and then sailed with the remainder to Port Jackson, where she arrived on 30 September, for a total transit time of 113 days. She had embarked 121 female convicts and she landed 50 at Hobart and 71 at Port Jackson, with no deaths en route. Convict voyage #4 (1822-1823): Captain George Holliday (or Halliday) sailed from The Downs on 25 September 1822 for Hobart. Morley arrived there on 11 January 1823. She had embarked 172 male convicts and she landed 170, having suffered two deaths en route. On her return from Australia Morley traded between London and Calcutta under a license from the EIC.Lloyd's Register (1826), "Licensed Ships". At some point prior to her next voyage transporting convicts Morley underwent extensive repairs that increased her burthen from 480 to 492 tons. Convict voyage #5 (1827-1828): Captain Henry Williams sailed Dublin on 3 November 1828. Morley stopped at Teneriffe and then arrived at Port Jackson on 3 March 1828. She had embarked 195 male convicts and she landed 193, having suffered three convict deaths en route.
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Their distresses were humanely relieved by the Commandant of Newcastle; Having obtained passage on the sloop Windsor back to Sydney, Hibbs, George and his passenger were again wrecked at Long Reef (near Collaroy Beach) and again had to walk along the coast with the crew and other passengers of the Windsor until able to obtain a further passage to Sydney, there being none of the modern bridges across Port Jackson that today would have allowed them to walk all the way: :and obtaining a passage for Sydney in another small vessel, the sloop Windsor, of about twenty two tons burthen, belonging to Henry Major, were again cast away, this vessel having been unfortunately wrecked upon the Long Reef, from whence they walked in. In 1821 Hibbs received another grant of 60 acresPowell (1994), Place names of the greater Hawkesbury region, p. 32, quoted at Hawkesbury People & Places - Names Gazetteer - Courangra Point, Retrieved 21 February 2013 of land at Courangra Point at Haycock Reach, Hawkesbury River.Surveyor General's Office, Sydney, 1821, Sydney Gazette, 5 May 1821, Retrieved 21 February 2013Continuation of Land, The Sydney Monitor, 14 January 1834, Retrieved 21 February 2013 The deed for this land was, however, not registered until 30 June 1823.
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Consequently, despite Navy Board misgivings about reliability and cost, contracts for all but one of Coventry-class vessels were issued to private shipyards with an emphasis on rapid completion of the task. Contracts for Liverpools construction were issued on 3 September 1756 to commercial shipwrights John Gorill and William Pownall. As Gorill and Pownall's shipyard was in the city of Liverpool, Admiralty determined that this would also be the name of the vessel herself. It was stipulated that work should be completed within eleven months for a 28-gun vessel measuring approximately 590tons burthen. Subject to satisfactory completion, Gorill and Pownall would receive a modest fee of £8.7s per ton the lowest for any Coventry-class vessel to be paid through periodic imprests drawn against the Navy Board.Winfield 2007, pp. 229–230Baugh 1965, pp.255–256 Private shipyards were not subject to rigorous naval oversight, and the Admiralty therefore granted authority for "such alterations withinboard as shall be judged necessary" in order to cater for the preferences or ability of individual shipwrights, and for experimentation with internal design. Liverpools keel was laid down on 1 October 1756, but work proceeded slowly and the completed vessel was not ready for launch until 10 February 1758, a full six months behind schedule.
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