Binge eaters also showed higher initial levels of ghrelin when they started the regimen in the evening, compared to starting in the morning, while those who weren't binge eaters had the reverse pattern.
|
|
For binge eaters or compulsive over-eaters, they receive dopamine responses from eating beyond satiety.
|
|
They often thought they were binge eaters ... but in reality, they were just really hungry.
|
|
Overweight binge eaters may be particularly susceptible to the influence of fluctuations in these appetite-regulating hormones, the researchers found.
|
|
The binge eaters also reported feeling less sated after the liquid meal and the exposure to the stressor in the evening.
|
|
Throw us in front of a bowl of this stuff with a bag of Ruffles and we're the hungriest and most helpless of binge-eaters our couch has ever seen.
|
|
Even in recovery, as my fellow binge-eaters and I pat each other on the back and comment on how wonderful we all look, I can't help but feel like I'm missing the mark.
|
|
In the Michigan study, conducted with undergraduate students, researcher Adam Kern concluded that those who watched either educational cooking shows or "edutainment" (competition-type) shows were far more likely to be binge eaters than those who watched little food TV. Combine this with a 2012 study showing that increased exposure to fast-food advertising causes increases in body fat in adolescents, especially males, and 2011 academic research concluding that children who see enough ads for soft drinks and fast food will eat and drink more of those items, and there are strong indications that the more junk one sees on TV, the more likely one will eat junk.
|
|
Some research has found the average length of abstinence for bulimics in OA was significantly higher than the average length for binge eaters. Paradoxically, bulimics were also found to attend fewer meetings, and had less of a commitment to write their thoughts and feelings down daily. However, the frequency of relapse for bulimics and binge eaters was not significantly different. The differences may be explained by the predictable nature of the bulimic cycle.
|
|
Binge-eaters, obese individuals and those with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa scored higher than restrictive type and normal weight college students. A decrease in PFS score leads to better success in weight loss.
|
|
An increase in dopamine in the caudate and putamen have been found in binge eaters,Wang, G.J., Volkow, N.D., Thanos, P.K., & Fowler, J.S. (2004). Similarity between obesity and drug addiction as assessed by neurofunctional imaging: a concept review. J. Addict. Dis. 23, 39e53.
|
|
In 2002 a dissertation compared the results of a survey of 231 OA members in the Washington, DC area of North America undertaken in 2001 with the findings from surveys of OA members taken in 1981, twenty years previously. The 2001 survey showed that 84% of OA members identified as binge eaters, 15% as bulimic, and 1% as anorexic. The 1981 survey had found that 44.5% of OA members identified as binge eaters, 40.7% as bulimic, and 14.8% as anorexic. The survey also found an increase in the percentage of males in OA from 9% in 1981 to 16% in 2001. Both figures are generally in line with estimates made by the American Psychological Association that the male to female ratio of those with eating disorders ranges from 1:6 to 1:10.
|
|
Other research has found binge eaters in OA had better success than bulimics. Most OA members who have reported negative experiences in the program are anorexic. This could be caused by OA's focus on problems of eating too much rather than too little. Some OA practices, such as refraining from eating certain kinds of foods, are antithetical in the case of anorexics.
|
|
The same type of CBT used for bulimia nervosa has demonstrated that it can be helpful in the treatment of binge-eating disorder. However, one of the problems with administering CBT to those suffering from this disorder is that it does not traditionally encourage weight loss. This can be problematic for binge-eaters who are overweight or obese. As a result of issues like these CBT has not yet been established as the most effective treatment for binge-eating disorder.
|
|
OA has been an object of feminist criticism for encouraging bulimic and binge-eating women to accept powerlessness over food. Feminists assert that the perception of powerlessness adversely affects women's struggle for empowerment; teaching people they are powerless encourages passivity and prevents binge eaters and bulimics from developing coping skills. These effects would be most devastating for women who have experienced oppression, distress and self-hatred. Twelve-step programs are described as predominantly male organizations which force female members to accept self-abasement, powerlessness and external focus, and reject responsibility.
|
|