A precursor to bifocals, maybe, or an early surgical microscope.
|
|
By middle age, most of us need bifocals or reading glasses.
|
|
If you're reading this with bifocals, you can thank Benjamin Franklin.
|
|
He's also credited with inventing bifocals: glasses with two distinct optical lenses.
|
|
And it only works for people wearing standard lenses, not bifocals, for example.
|
|
You don't need Fenty bifocals (wouldn't those be cool) to read the subtext here.
|
|
Even though she is retired, she uses only the top half of her bifocals.
|
|
It's why my middle-aged friends are getting fitted for bifocals or graduated lenses.
|
|
She is Swiss, in her sixties, with leopard-print bifocals and a banana clip.
|
|
Focals won't work with bifocals, however, and can only handle prescriptions between +2 and -4.
|
|
"I have some unfortunate news for you, today … " says the middle-aged man wearing bifocals.
|
|
The congresswoman, who had been "rocking' bifocals since 2nd grade," asked fellow female lawmakers including Reps.
|
|
Benjamin Franklin's design for bifocals has remained mostly the same since he invented them around 1784.
|
|
"I had to use a magnifying glass to see small print," said Thompson, who now wears bifocals.
|
|
Our eyes are less able to focus at different distances; we end up squinting, or fumbling with bifocals.
|
|
Any year now, I figured my eye doctor would tell me it was time to talk about bifocals.
|
|
It's a nice option, but the hard work and price probably mean that the bifocals market will remain strong.
|
|
Reed is a tall, anxious man with thinning hair, whose darting eyes are hidden behind a set of tinted bifocals.
|
|
For instance, don't dress old, don't wear glasses, and if your young-bunned beauty sees you in bifocals, forget it.
|
|
Winners this week answered correctly that Franklin invented a lightning rod, bifocals and swim fins, but not the light bulb.
|
|
Once you receive the bad news about your eyesight, Costco is ready to offer you the latest style of bifocals.
|
|
The top floor features artifacts like letters, sketches, the desk at which Mr. Geisel drew and the bifocals he wore.
|
|
Iris Apfel, the 94-year-old fashion icon often seen with wide-eyed bifocals, debuted her own collection of luxury wearables.
|
|
THAT'S WHAT WE ARE LOOKING FOR SO WE ARE NOT LOOKING TO THE NEXT QUARTER WE WANT THEM TO WEAR BIFOCALS.
|
|
"The people who are dying daily are our wives, our children, our brothers," said paramedic Mohamed, the sun glinting off his bifocals.
|
|
The "Ghost Adventures" star tells TMZ ... he dropped a whopping $50k after a crime collectibles site put the bifocals up for sale.
|
|
Mr. Marshall, a soft-spoken, professorial man with a salt-and-pepper beard and bifocals hanging around his neck, doesn't carry himself like a firebrand.
|
|
In a photo that hangs on a friend's wall today, Esau wears purple-and-green plaid and Napoleon-Dynamite bifocals, a knowing, understanding smile on his lips.
|
|
"If you're wearing bifocals and stepping down off a curb, that changes your depth perception," said Ms. Burns, who recommends a single-focus lens for walking outside.
|
|
But if it's always been about Bea Arthur, come sit back here, with me, in your Eileen Fisher tunic and the newish bifocals you haven't quite mastered.
|
|
So. I ran out of lenses & had no choice but to wear these in public, something I never, ever do, although I've been rockin' bifocals since 2nd grade.
|
|
With her honey-and-silver hair loosely coiled in a chignon, bifocals slung from her neck, she was the picture of a granny straight out of central casting.
|
|
He puts on his ice blue bifocals and then busts out his Wite-Out, his scorecard and his rainbow assortment of pens: yellow, green, blue, orange, red, purple.
|
|
The officers earn trust by participating in a range of neighborhood activities — everything from buying bifocals for older people to helping start a farmers' market and sports leagues for kids.
|
|
The producers dares to assume the audience will want to watch people who have gray hair or bifocals or a body mass index over 19, and their bet pays off.
|
|
Photo: Sam Rutherford (Gizmodo)Sure, things like text and quick settings icons look small, and if you're someone who thinks about bifocals a lot, this may not be the device for you.
|
|
Robbin Thorp, then 82, a retired entomologist from University of California-Davis, wore a safari hat, tinted bifocals and a T-shirt with an image of Franklin's bumblebee printed on the chest.
|
|
This scene—though nowhere captured in the familiar imagery of Franklin flying his kite and inventing bifocals—was, in its day, as significant as that of the signing of the Declaration of Independence.
|
|
Assembled by the numbers and filmed (by John Pardue) as if it matters, "Finding Your Feet" boasts an embarrassingly on-the-nose soundtrack and plot twists you can see coming without your bifocals.
|
|
Bifocals or graduated lenses can help those with presbyopia read, but they also contribute to falls and accidents because they can impair contrast sensitivity (the ability to distinguish between shades of gray) and depth perception.
|
|
For now the company only sells in the U.S. If your prescription is really complicated, like you need bifocals that have amber transitional lenses and are very thin, it costs a bit more than a straightforward clear prescription lens or non-prescription shades.
|
|
There are, of course, bifocals and progressive lenses that bend light in such a way as to bring such objects into focus — purely optical solutions, and cheap as well, but inflexible, and they only provide a small "viewport" through which to view the world.
|
|
The website Gawker, before closing last year, routinely took shots at us, including this post imagining our staff at work: I envision, just so you know, a room of ladies peering skeptically over their bifocals at announcement submissions, occasionally pausing to consult worn leather bound address books — "I could have sworn Swoosie Remington was from Darien and not New Canaan," they sniff — while Bob Woletz sits in his office lighting copies of Town & Country on fire.
|
|
Far-sighted or aging colonial Americans imported spectacles from Europe. Spectacles were primarily for the affluent and literate colonists, who required a valuable and precious appliance. Benjamin Franklin in the 1780s developed the bifocals. Bifocal lenses advanced little in the first half of the 19th century. The terms bifocal and trifocal were introduced in London by John Isaac Hawkins, whose trifocals were patented in 1827. In 1884 B. M. Hanna was granted patents on two forms of bifocals which become commercially standardized as the "cemented" and "perfection" bifocals.
|
|
Correction of presbyopia (a need for a reading prescription different from the prescription needed for distance) presents an additional challenge in the fitting of contact lenses. Two main strategies exist: multifocal lenses and monovision. Multifocal contact lenses (e.g. bifocals or progressives) are comparable to spectacles with bifocals or progressive lenses because they have multiple focal points.
|
|
Multifocal contact lenses (e.g. bifocals or progressives) are comparable to spectacles with bifocals or progressive lenses because they have multiple focal points. Multifocal contact lenses are typically designed for constant viewing through the center of the lens, but some designs do incorporate a shift in lens position to view through the reading power (similar to bifocal glasses).
|
|
Archbold, like Franklin, was balding and required the use of bifocals and cane. He wore period clothing, including a frilly shirt, a vest, and shoes with buckles, making his appearance historically accurate.
|
|
It was an autobiography of Robert Hutchings Goddard, who invented the first liquid-propellant rocket that make space flight possible. Jones, Carrie P. “Miniature Books: Grab Your Bifocals.” Antiques & Collecting Magazine, September 2009, Vol.
|
|
Inventions of the early modern period included the floating dock, lifting tower, newspaper, grenade musket, lightning rod, bifocals, and Franklin stove. Early attempts at building a practical electrical telegraph were hindered because static electricity was the only source available.
|
|
The Independent (London), has also referred to these style of sunglasses as the Murphy Lens. Double gradient lenses are dark at the top, light in the middle and dark at the bottom. Gradients should not be confused with bifocals and progressive lenses.
|
|
A portrait of Francisco de Quevedo y Villegas, 1580–1645 Harry S. Truman, 33rd President of the United States, was known to have poor vision. The American scientist Benjamin Franklin, who suffered from both myopia and presbyopia, invented bifocals. Historians have from time to time produced evidence to suggest that others may have preceded him in the invention; however, a correspondence between George Whatley and John Fenno, editor of The Gazette of the United States, suggested that Franklin had indeed invented bifocals, and perhaps 50 years earlier than had been originally thought. The first lenses for correcting astigmatism were designed by the British astronomer George Airy in 1825.
|
|
Escobar suspects Evelyn of the murder and tells Gittes to produce her quickly. At Evelyn's mansion, Gittes finds her servants packing her things. He realizes her garden pond is salt water and discovers a pair of bifocals in it. He confronts Evelyn about Katherine, whom Evelyn now claims is her daughter.
|
|
Both had the serious faults of ugly appearance, fragility, and dirt-collection at the dividing line. At the end of the 19th century the two sections of the lens were fused instead of cemented At the turn of the 20th century, there was a considerable increase in the use of bifocals.
|
|
Trifocal lenses are similar to bifocals, except that the two focal areas are separated by a third area (with intermediate focus correction) in the middle. This segment corrects the wearer's vision for intermediate distances roughly at arms' length, e.g. computer distance. This lens type has two segment lines, dividing the three different correcting segments.
|
|
The need for constant adjustment when the person's attention switches to an object at a different distance is a design challenge of such a lens. Manual adjustment is more cumbersome than bifocals or similar lenses. Automated systems require electronic systems, power supplies, and sensors that increase the cost, size, and weight of the correction.
|
|
Cross admits his intention to annex the Northwest Valley into the City of Los Angeles, then irrigate and develop it. Gittes accuses Cross of murdering Mulwray. Cross has Mulvihill take the bifocals at gunpoint, and they force Gittes to drive them to the women. When they reach the Chinatown address, the police are already there and detain Gittes.
|
|
Presbyopia can be corrected using glasses, contact lenses, multifocal intraocular lenses, or LASIK (presbyLASIK) surgery. Most common treatment is glass correction using appropriate convex lens. Glasses used to correct presbyopia may be simple reading glasses, bifocals, trifocals, or progressive lens. People over 40 are at risk for developing presbyopia and all people become affected to some degree.
|
|
These bifocals are upside down as they rest on the surface. The add segment of the lens for near vision is the "D" shaped area. A bifocal is a lens with two sections, separated by a line (see image to the right). Generally, the upper part of the lens is used for distance vision, while the lower segment is used for near vision.
|
|
After Gittes slaps her, she tells him that Katherine is her sister and her daughter; her father raped her when she was 15. She says that the glasses are not Mulwray's, as he did not wear bifocals. Gittes arranges for the women to flee to Mexico and instructs Evelyn to meet him at her butler's home in Chinatown. He summons Cross to the Mulwray home to settle their deal.
|
|
The Sons of Ben logo, designed by co-founder Andrew Dillon, incorporates various components alluding to Philadelphia's history and the achievements of Benjamin Franklin. The oar and the scythe represent the city's nautical and agricultural roots. Franklin invented bifocals, while the key, lightning bolts, and lozenge-shaped kite symbolize his exploration into the nature of electricity. The crack in Franklin's skull resembles that of the historic Liberty Bell.
|
|
The area of the lens that caters to near vision is called the add segment. There are many different shapes, sizes, and positions for the add segment that are selected for functional differences as well as the visual demands of the patient. Bifocals allow people with presbyopia to see clearly at distance and near without having to remove the glasses, which would be required with single vision correction.
|
|
Bifocals and trifocals result in a more complex lens profile, compounding multiple surfaces. The main lens is composed of a typical ophthalmic lens. Thus the base curve defines the front surface of the main part of the lens while the back surface geometry is changed to achieve the desired distance power. The "bifocal" is a third spherical segment, called an add segment, found on the front surface of the lens.
|
|
Johnston travels to the American headquarters of the ITC Corporation, his project's sponsor, to inquire whether or not they have tampered with the site. The students later discover a pair of Johnston's bifocals and a note begging for help, although both date over 600 years old. When the students contact ITC, the company invites them to its headquarters. There, the team is introduced to ITC president Robert Doniger and vice- president Steven Kramer.
|
|
The power or focal length of adjustable or variable focus can be changed to suit the needs of the wearer. A typical application of such a lens is to refocus the correction allowing clear vision at any distance. Unlike with bifocals, near-vision correction is achieved over the entire field of view, in any direction. Switching between distance and near vision is accomplished by re- adjusting the lens, instead of by tilting and/or rotating the head.
|
|
Nystagmus-damping surgery can also be performed, to reduce the "shaking" of the eyes back and forth. The effectiveness of all these procedures varies greatly and depends on individual circumstances. Glasses, low vision aids, large-print materials, and bright angled reading lights can help individuals with albinism. Some people with albinism do well using bifocals (with a strong reading lens), prescription reading glasses, hand-held devices such as magnifiers or monoculars or wearable devices like eSight and Brainport.
|
|
Carey adopted his crew cut hairstyle while serving in the United States Marine Corps. Carey underwent refractive surgery to correct his vision and, for a time, did not require glasses, but continued to wear them in public for purposes of recognition and celebrity identity. However, while this was true for several years, on the May 17, 2006, episode of Jimmy Kimmel Live! he revealed that when he turned 40, he actually developed a need for bifocals.
|
|
That was taking an unreasonable risk and, therefore, his behaviour broke the chain of causation. But where the claimant’s response is not sufficiently unreasonable, the chain of causation will be unbroken and the defendant will remain liable. In Wieland v Cyril Lord Carpets (1969) 3 AER 1006 the defendant's negligence caused an injury to the claimant's neck that necessitated the wearing of a surgical collar. The claimant also wore bifocals and the collar inhibited the normal compensatory movement of her head to maintain perfect vision.
|
|
Adjustable focus eyeglasses are eyeglasses with an adjustable focal length. They compensate for refractive errors (such as presbyopia) by providing variable focusing, allowing users to adjust them for desired distance or prescription, or both. Current bifocals and progressive lenses are static, in that the user has to change their eye position to look through the portion of the lens with the focal power corresponding to the distance of the object. This usually means looking through the top of the lens for distant objects and down through the bottom of the lens for near objects.
|
|
The explosion burned their passports, "thirty rolls of exposed film, three pairs of Ernest's bifocals, all of their money, and their $15,000 letter of credit." The group traveled to Entebbe by road, where journalists from around the world had gathered to report his death. On January 26 Hemingway briefed and joked with the reporters, and spent the next few weeks in Nairobi recuperating and reading his obituaries. During his recuperation Hemingway immediately prepared the piece for Look. The magazine paid him an additional $20,000 for an exclusive about the plane crashes.
|
|
He continued to use them, encouraged by his teacher to do so. Shortly afterward, he was encouraged by Dr. Kenneth Ogel at the Dartmouth Eye Institute to place a +3.5 diopter lens on the left objective lens of the bifocals. This created a "giant bifocal system" which allowed him to see the blackboard through the right side, then use the left side to write down what he had seen. He used this system throughout the rest of his schooling, and also while employed at the Bureau of Standards and at RAND.
|
|
Dual rotating axis grinding can be used for high index glass that isn't easily spin molded, as the CR-39 resin lens is. Techniques such as laser ablation can also be used to modify the curvature of a lens, but the polish quality of the resulting surfaces is not as good as those achieved with lapidary techniques. Standards for the dispensing of prescription eyeglass lenses discourage the use of curvatures that deviate from definite focal lengths. Multiple focal lengths are accepted in the form of bifocals, trifocals, vari-focals, and cylindrical components for astigmatism.
|
|
Soon he was able to save enough money to open his first retail shop, selling glasses by day and working nights to fulfil orders. At first, Hakimi offered glasses for $8/pair ($12 for bifocals), which far undersold any competitors. He was able to raise his prices 50% from this starting point while still underselling his competitors and assuring continued demand for his glasses. From this beginning as a single retail outlet, Hakimi has built Hakim Optical into a national chain of over 150 outlets with over 600 employees serving the eastern provinces of Canada.
|
|
So, for someone with a distance prescription of −4 diopters and a reading addition of +3, the reading portion of their trifocals would have a net power of −1, and the intermediate segment would be −2.5 diopters. Trifocal lenses are made in similar styles to bifocals, but with an additional segment for intermediate vision above the reading section. A common style is the 7×28 flat-top or D-shaped segment, 28 mm wide, with a 7 mm high intermediate segment. Larger intermediate segments are available, and are particularly useful for people who spend a lot of time using computers.
|
|
Unlike with bifocals, near-vision correction is achieved over the entire field of view, in any direction. Distance vision corrections are made by re- adjusting the lens for distance, instead of by tilting and/or rotating the head to view object through the best part of the lens for the distance. Adjustable focus lenses, like single-focus lenses, also reduce image-jump and spatial distortion in the field of view associated with traditional multi- focal lenses. Additionally, the ideal near-vision correction can be achieved with precision, because the variable lenses emulate the focusing action of the youthful (non-presbyopic) eye.
|
|
People who need glasses to see often have corrective lens restrictions on their driver's licenses that require them to wear their glasses every time they drive or risk fines or jail time. Some militaries issue prescription glasses to servicemen and women. These are typically GI glasses Many state prisons in the United States issue glasses to inmates, often in the form of clear plastic aviators. Adjustable-focus eyeglasses might be used to replace bifocals or trifocals, or might be used to produce cheaper single-vision glasses (since they don't have to be custom- manufactured for every person).
|
|
Eventually Amos aids in Franklin's publishing, inventing, and political career. Amongst Amos' contributions were making bifocals, inspiring Franklin to build the Franklin stove and suggesting how to fix a major problem with it, and encouraging Franklin to print an event-oriented newspaper which Amos names the Pennsylvania Gazette. After Ben's experiments with electricity endanger Amos' life, especially in Ben's kite experiment, Amos leaves Ben, ignoring Ben's pleas for him to return, and moves back in with his family. Years later, Franklin is sent to England as part of a colonial attempt to reason with the king.
|
|
"What is a miniature book?". Miniature Book Society. Retrieved November 27, 2019 Along with etiquette books, Victorian women that had copies of The Little Flirt learned to attract men by using items already in their possession, such as, gloves, handkerchiefs, a fan and parasol. Jones, Carrie P. “Miniature Books: Grab Your Bifocals.” Antiques & Collecting Magazine, September 2009, Vol. 114 Issue 7, p38-44, 6p. Retrieved November 27, 2019. In 1922, miniature books regained popularity when 200 postage stamp sized books were created to be displayed in the miniature library of Queen Mary's miniature doll house. "What is a miniature book?". Miniature Book Society.
|
|
Discovery science (also known as discovery-based science) is a scientific methodology which emphasizes analysis of large volumes of experimental data with the goal of finding new patterns or correlations, leading to hypothesis formation and other scientific methodologies. Discovery-based methodologies are often viewed in contrast to traditional scientific practice, where hypotheses are formed before close examination of experimental data. However, from a philosophical perspective where all or most of the observable "low- hanging fruit" has already been plucked, examining the phenomenological world more closely than the senses alone (even augmented senses, e.g. via microscopes, telescopes, bifocals etc.) opens a new source of knowledge for hypothesis formation.
|
|
In the architecture of the shrine of Gradac Monastery that is example of monumental Serbian-Byzantine style of Raska school of architecture there are numerous Gothic, Romanesque elements, especially on the portals and on all bifocals, windows divided by a colonnette into two arches. The architectural plastic of the Gradac Monastery carries the properties of the mature and late Romanesque art, like some early Gothic, all being reflected primarily in the finishing of the portal capitol, mostly marble framed windows and a series of blind arcades of the roof corona. The monastery was devastated at the end of the 14th century. It was partially restored at the end of the 16th century.
|
|
Hamilton appeared as a police inspector in the John Huston film In This Our Life in 1942, and got several lines as DA Bryan quizzing Humphrey Bogart's Sam Spade in "The Maltese Falcon" (1941). Modern-day serial fans can see Hamilton's iconic persona already developing as Professor Gordon, the outwardly no- nonsense but secretly compassionate father of young, man-of-action Flash Gordon in Flash Gordon Conquers the Universe (1940). He became much more widely known when he was cast as the irascible Daily Planet newspaper editor Perry White in the 1950s TV classic Adventures of Superman (1951). After that, he appeared in television commercials for a brand of bifocals termed "Inviso No-Line Glasses".
|
|
Thermonectus marmoratus is a relatively colorful North American species of diving beetle known by the common names sunburst diving beetle and spotted diving beetle. The behavior of this diving beetle has been compared to a scuba diver, since it carries with it a bubble of air as it dives down into the water. The beetle has recently become notable when it was discovered that its aquatic larval stage is the first ever recorded use of bifocal technology in the animal world. The beetle uses in its principal eyes two retinas and two distinct focal planes that are substantially separated, in the manner of bifocals to switch their vision from up-close to distance, for easy and efficient capture of their prey.
|
|
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has compiled certain known risk factors that have been found responsible for STFs in the workplace setting. While falling can occur at any time and by any means in the workplace, these factors have been known to cause same-level falls, which are less likely to occur than falls to a lower level. Workplace factors: spills on walking surfaces, ice, precipitation (snow/sleet/rain), loose mats or rugs, boxes/containers, poor lighting, uneven walking surfaces Work organization factors: fast work pace, work tasks involving liquids or greases Individual factors: age; employee fatigue; failing eyesight / use of bifocals; inappropriate, loose, or poor- fitting footwear Preventive measures: warning signs For certain professions such as stunt performers and skateboarders, falling and learning to fall is part of the job. Coleman Skatepark.
|
|
Their closest neighbour is a sprightly Italian widow, Signora Angiolina, who helps them navigate their way through the intricacies of social life in their neighbourhood, as well as the Dada family who own several acres of vineyards and cook stupendous meals whenever the Newbys visit them at the Casa Dada. There is a very colourful description of the vendemmia, the annual grape harvest, during which Eric is roped into lifting bigonci, large barrel-shaped vessels full of crushed grapes, that nearly break his shoulder. Although the work is hard, there are merenda, consisting of huge outside picnics at which copious quantities of food are eaten, last year's wine drunk and bawdy gossip exchanged between the contadini. Another interesting description is when the Newbys join their neighbours in the annual funghi harvest in a very bountiful year, managing to gather ten full baskets between the four of them (less successful is a harvesting of wild asparagus when Eric forgets his bifocals and cannot see anything).
|
|