In addition, wartime quilts were sometimes a means of behavior modification.
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She also cited the possible use of robots in behavior modification therapies.
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Clubs geared toward socializing, rather than treatment or behavior modification, are rarer still.
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"It's better suited as a prescribed tool for behavior modification," Dr. Dandala said.
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And of course, psychologist B.F. Skinner's behavior modification series came from working with pigeons.
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Doctors typically recommend a few treatment options for children: medication, behavior modification or both.
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"It's so specific that it suggests it's Toxoplasma causing the behavior modification," Ms. Poirotte said.
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But the practice has become a trusted form of treatment for pain management and behavior modification.
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Behavior modification, he argues, is morally neutral and should be used for the betterment of society.
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Pediatricians and child psychiatrists typically give parents a few treatment options: medication, behavior modification or both.
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There isn't any precedent for a whole society being put under continuous behavior modification surveillance and control.
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Like other "behavior modification empires," as Lanier calls social media sites, Twitter offers positive reinforcement for negativity.
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"Nail shops had more regulation at that time than these behavior modification programs did," Fox told BuzzFeed News.
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From addiction to weight management, studies show that shame and stigma are counterproductive to long-term behavior modification.
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To their credit, Donvan and Zucker do acknowledge Lovaas's reprehensible use of pain as a means of behavior modification.
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Their product: Certain predictions about what we will do next, often set in motion using techniques of behavior modification.
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The guidelines recognize that being transgender is not a disorder and explicitly reject "coercive treatment or forced behavior modification".
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"The popular ones are designed for behavior modification," he says, wearing his usual black T-shirt and black pants.
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"I can't call these things social networks anymore — I call them behavior modification empires," said VR pioneer Jaron Lanier.
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What his decree accomplishes is the mitigation of risk through behavior modification, not the diminution of hazards on the peak.
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These RCTs are invaluable laboratories for learning about what is effective therapeutic behavior modification, or improving efficacy — and it's not toxic.
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It delivers an established behavior-modification treatment for addiction — which traditionally involves face-to-face outpatient therapy — entirely in digital form.
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It was originally developed in the late 1990s by behavior modification researchers who digitized long-established methods of in-person addiction therapy.
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The cure was surprisingly simple: I became aware of how my body was reacting and changed it through self-induced behavior modification.
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Gamification is increasingly used as a tool for behavior modification in many fields, from dating (ever been Super Liked?) to language-learning.
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Stewart earned his GED in 2009 and completed 1,400 hours of educational programs, including subjects on behavior modification, anger management, and African studies.
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The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry also does not support the use of corporal punishment as a method of behavior modification.
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"We really need to focus a lot more on behavior modification and giving officers more tools to manage these prison populations," he said.
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What it's about is behavior modification, so putting more modification, so putting more pressure on individual bad actors that are powerful in Russia.
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"What started out as advertising really can't be called advertising anymore — it turned into behavior modification," he said, referring mostly to Facebook and Google.
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"While doctors seem to readily encourage patch usage, few get any more involved—offering advice, discussing side effects suggesting behavior modification," the memo states.
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Moulitsas describes the Feinstein challenge as partly "a behavior modification tool" to show other Democratic officials the danger of losing touch with their base.
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"I believe there is something much more sinister going on with these videos, like mind control or behavior modification," one r/elsagate member told me.
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One parent, Shanda Ellsworth-Lobatos, called it "a cognitive behavior modification program to sexualize and groom your children" at a protest not far from Western.
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The program is based on a behavior modification model and during their stay, Fellows are introduced to many worlds outside the traditional artist residency bubble.
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I could, I literally have ... I have behavior modification so I don't, I start thinking about other things, mostly the medals you got for journalism.
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This is helping the transition to the consumerization of healthcare: increased convenience, better patient tracking and behavior modification and, ultimately, improved outcomes at a lower cost.
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We have an ethical responsibility to create environments that let people feel empowered, inspired, and encouraged rather than these behavior-modification empires that are being built.
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We do expert handling for removal from properties, we evaluate the dogs's behavior and we set up enrichment and simple behavior modification programs in our temporary shelters.
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So for the new study, which was published recently in Behavior Modification, a group of researchers at the University of Kansas in Lawrence began wondering about exercise.
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The company is encouraging employers to cover the costs for their workers to use Sleepio, an insomnia app featuring a cartoon therapist that delivers behavior modification lessons.
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Miller said her life prior included criminal activity, and she turned to Community Housing Partnership, a housing advocacy group, for a behavior-modification program on the island.
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Habit reversal training is a well-established behavior modification technique that helps people stop a variety of seemingly automatic behaviors, such as nervous tics, nail-biting, and stuttering.
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In a career that spanned five decades, Mr. Segel founded 220 companies in fields as diverse as publishing, minting, photography, aviation, software, hospitality, television broadcasting and behavior modification.
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During the one-year study period, participants attended 22 educational sessions taught by highly qualified health educators who emphasized emotional awareness and behavior modification to support the weight loss.
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Proponents of sin taxes point to their value as behavior modification techniques — if a harmful item costs more, people will buy it less, and taxes make the item cost more.
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In relationships, there are going to be moments when your partner does something that doesn't make you happy, "but criticism is rarely an effective technique for behavior modification," Dr. Ludden says.
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Pre-acquisition, the startup was focused on democratizing access to research, behavior modification techniques and other tools that were previously only available through expensive programs run by hospitals or other centers.
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Patients and their caretakers often try a variety of approaches—usually in tandem: from behavior modification therapies and anti-psychotic medications to special diets, but there is no "one" true cure.
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The stakes could not be higher: a global architecture of behavior modification threatens human nature in the twenty-first century just as industrial capitalism disfigured the natural world in the twentieth.
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ROSS: WELL, AS FOR THE LATTER QUESTION ABOUT GLOBAL TRADE, NOW THE EU AND JAPAN HAVE JOINED US VERY MUCH IN THE PURSUIT OF BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION ON THE PART OF CHINA.
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Think of it as the Pavlovian approach: It's a form of ''behavior modification,'' a psychological tactic in which food refusal is classified as negative behaviors to be systematically replaced with positive ones.
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"AI-initiated actions may also include notifying the offender through their mobile device to suggest a cooling-off period in a safe space, or to promote behavior modification techniques," the document states.
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"Since 1975, self-help books — nonfiction books that offer advice for behavior modification and make explicit promises for positive change — have doubled as a percentage of all book titles," Dr. Whelan said.
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" He says that Silicon Valley has turned out both better and worse than he expected: "As far as the worse part, creating a global behavior-modification empire is worse than I thought.
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His parents also learned behavior modification techniques like setting time limits during meals ("You have 30 seconds to take your first bite") and using points that could be traded in for prizes.
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"Once a dog is screened, and if found to be anxious or impulsive, there are many treatment options, such as behavior modification programming, medication, alternative techniques such as a pressure wrap," she said.
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When proper self-regulation of medication, practice of behavior modification and choosing a career that works with ADD/ADHD come together, he said, the outcomes are beneficial to the patient and everyone around them.
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Over a short period of time, things that inmates used for years to abate stress and depression were confiscated, visitation privileges were decreased and discouraged, and a different method of behavior modification was implemented.
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Two years before Teen Rescue launched, a similar religious school for rebellious girls, Victory Christian Academy, closed down after California's social services department decided it was a boarding home using "behavior modification" and needed to be licensed.
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In addition to the behavior modification programs and medication therapy mentioned in the article, comprehensive and effective treatment for most children with A.D.H.D. also needs to include training parents to provide continuing assistance with planning and organization.
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Two and a half years after a denial-of-service attack froze a Boston hospital's network, the alleged attacker is staging a hunger strike to protest abuse in juvenile behavior modification facilities and political prosecutions by US Attorneys.
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The BA Jewelry designer spent time volunteering in prisons and has translated her experience into hand-sewn badges made from deconstructed brown paper bags, an idea she got after reading about behavior modification inside the US prison system.
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The product ships with an "evidence" dossier, explaining that while "Pavlok is not a medical device and no medical studies have been conducted to test its efficacy," scientists have been studying the effects of electric shocks on behavior modification.
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In Weight Watchers' own research, the average weight loss in any behavior-modification program is about a 5 percent reduction of body weight after six months, with a return of a third of the weight lost at two years.
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Diagnosed in 2012, Ellie could use a service dog from the Ohio-based 4 Paws for Ability — which costs over $22,000 to raise and train — in so many ways, the donation page says, including mobility assistance, seizure alert and behavior modification.
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PEOPLE Pets spoke to veterinarian Dr. Sophia Yin, author of Low Stress Handling, Restraint and Behavior Modification of Dogs & Cats, for her advice on avoiding dog bites, and tips on what you can do to keep your dog from biting others.
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The Department of Health did not respond to questions on clean needle programs in Cebu, but said it was implementing a "behavior modification program" which included community members teaching others about the dangers of drugs, as well as HIV testing.
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Comparing the immediate efficacy of two algorithms for lifestyle behavior modification on two different populations can happen not just over years or months — as a RCT would have to be — but over weeks and even days, improving our responses and lifestyles that much faster.
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Shortly after his wife's ultimatum, he entered a local clinic where patients are weaned off opioids and spend up to five weeks going through six hours of training each day in alternative pain management techniques such as physical therapy, relaxation exercises and behavior modification.
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The same kind of A/B testing that Amazon does, for example, to optimize ecommerce — everything from the look of the website to the flow of the experience to the nature of the shipping that you get — can be now applied to behavior modification for health.
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Even at a time of growing acceptance of LGBT individuals and a rejection of programs designed to change a child's sexual identity, schools like River View enjoy remarkable independence that lets them try controversial behavior-modification methods, which critics say can be damaging to kids of all sexual orientations.
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The new study shows that "a program of lifestyle behavior modification that is usually delivered by the health care system can be delivered in the church setting," said coauthor Dr. Gbenga Ogedegbe, a professor of population health and medicine at the NYU School of Medicine in New York City.
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Throughout the 22010s and early 22015s, disability rights advocates tried and failed to convince the Autism Society of America to prohibit the Judge Rotenberg Center — a facility in Canton, Massachusetts, infamous for using electric shock devices on children with disabilities as a means of pain-based behavior modification — from exhibiting at its conference.
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But second, it was because if you have this many hundreds of smart and educated people trying to figure this out, and nobody has anything for me but superfood and behavior modification and an insertable balloon and the removal of an organ, it must be that there is no way to solve fatness.
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But a new report from the world of child psychology has turned up something that is good news to those who preach the "treat the cause, not the symptom" brand of care: that children diagnosed with ADHD improve more quickly when their treatment involves behavior modification first, and then medication, rather than the other way around -- which, of course, is the more common route.
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Despite a concerted effort to dissuade a large bloc of supporters from routinely shouting a particularly vulgar word during Mexico's matches at the Gold Cup, the regional championship tournament being played across the United States this month, officials from Concacaf — the Confederation of North, Central America and Caribbean Association Football — now concede, less than a week into the tournament, that such behavior modification remains a long-term challenge.
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Miltenberger, R. (2012). Behavior modification: principles and procedures. (5 ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
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Non- drug treatments for overactive bladder include sacral nerve stimulation, acupuncture, and behavior modification.
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Practices and service quality in such program vary greatly. The behavior modification methodologies used vary, but a combination of positive and negative reinforcement is typically used.Martin, G., & Pear, J. (2007). Behavior modification: What it is and how to do it (Eighth Edition).
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Psychological behaviorism's approach has been supported and advanced in the field of behavior analysis.Staats, Arthur W. (1973). Behavior analysis and token reinforcement in educational behavior modification and curriculum research. Behavior modification in education: 72nd yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education.
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Level of training and consumer protection remain of critical importance in applied behavior analysis and behavior modification.
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Behavior management is similar to behavior modification. It is a less intensive version of behavior therapy. In behavior modification, the focus is on changing behavior, while in behavior management the focus is on maintaining order. Behavior management skills are of particular importance to teachers in the educational system.
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B. F. Skinner is the father of behavior modification and developed the concept of positive reinforcement. Positive reinforcement occurs when a positive stimulus is presented in response to a behavior, increasing the likelihood of that behavior in the future.Miltenberger, R. G., (2004). Behavior Modification Principles and Procedures (3rd ed).
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Behavior Modification (BMO) is a peer-reviewed academic journal that presents insightful research, reports, and reviews on applied behavior modification. The editor is Alan S. Bellack (University of Maryland). It was established in 1977 and is currently published by SAGE Publications. This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
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Peter was even able to play with the rabbit afterwards. This form of behavior modification is a technique today called systematic desensitization.
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Alan E. Kazdin (2001). Behavior Modification in Applied Settings. Wadsworth Publishing Company. . Alan E. Kazdin, Carol D. Goodhart, Robert J. Sternberg (2006).
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With the Squadron, he battled a group of rebel soldiers at Fort Largo.Squadron Supreme #4 The Squadron then battled the Institute of Evil.Squadron Supreme #5 Dore then discovered that the Golden Archer had used the Behavior Modification Device on Lady Lark, and called for the Archer's dismissal from the team.Squadron Supreme #6 Blue Eagle was captured by Nighthawk's Redeemers and placed under Master Menace's Behavior Modification machine.
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Radical behaviorism and the field of clinical behavior analysis have strong scientific support.Kazdin, A. E. (2001). Behavior modification in applied settings (6th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
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Behavior modification programs form the core of many residential treatment facility programs. They have shown success in reducing recidivism for adolescents with conduct problems and adult offenders.
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Rosenberg wrote two non- fiction books for Paladin Press (Assassination: Theory and Practice and Behavior Modification: The Art of Mind Murdering) with Camellion as the narrator/listed author.
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With children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one study showed that over a several year period, children in the behavior modification group had half the number of felony arrests as children in the medication group. These findings have yet to be replicated, but are considered encouraging for the use of behavior modification for children with ADHD. There is strong and consistent evidence that behavioral treatments are effective for treating ADHD. A recent meta-analysis found that the use of behavior modification for ADHD resulted in effect sizes in between group studies (.83), pre-post studies (.70), within group studies (2.64), and single subject studies (3.78) indicating behavioral treatments are highly effective.
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He enlisted in the Army and was posted to the Deceptive Warfare Center at Fort Bragg, and there continued his pioneering work in the field of wave-induced behavior modification.
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148 Skinner notes that behavior modification is ethically neutral p.150 "Such a technology is ethically neutral. It can be used by villain or saint." Skinner, B.F. Beyond Freedom and Dignity.
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In W.S. Wood (Ed.), Issues in evaluating behavior modification. Champaign, Ill.: Research Press, 131–152 However, recent research questions the use of token systems with very young children.Filcheck, H.A., & McNeil, C.B. (2004).
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Behavioral interventions have been very helpful in reducing problem behaviors in residential treatment centers. The type of clients receiving services in a facility (children with emotional or behavioral disorders versus mental retardation versus psychiatric disorders) is a factor in the effectiveness of behavior modification. Behavioral intervention has been found to be successful even when medication interventions fail.Luiselli, J.K. & Evans, T.P. (1987) However, there is evidence that certain populations may benefit more from interventions that fall outside of the behavior-modification paradigm.
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Behavior therapy empowers persons with severe mental illness. Behavior Modification, 21, 45–61Corrigan, P.W. & Holmes, E.P. (1994). Patient identification of "street skills" for a psychosocial training module. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 45, 273–6.
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Jossey Bass This book even contained an introduction from the leading behaviorist at the time, B.F. Skinner hailing the achievements. Independent analysis of multiple sites with thousands of adolescents found behavior modification to be more effective than treatment as usual, a therapeutic milieu, and as effective as more psychologically intense programs such as transactional analysis with better outcomes on behavioral measures;Jesness, C.F. (1975). Comparative effectiveness of behavior modification and transactional analysis programs for delinquents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 43(6), 758-779.
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Academy at Dundee Ranch was a behavior modification facility for United States teenagers, located on La Ceiba Cascajal, west of Orotina, province of Alajuela, Costa Rica. It was promoted as a residential school, offering a program of behavior modification, motivational "emotional growth seminars," a progressive academic curriculum, and a structured daily schedule, for teenagers struggling in their homes, schools, or communities.Academy at Dundee Ranch website, accessed January 31, 2007, archived December 23, 2007. The facility was associated with World Wide Association of Specialty Programs and Schools (WWASP).
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At the Judge Rotenberg Educational Center, aversion therapy is used to perform behavior modification in students as part of the center's applied behavioral analysis program. The center has been condemned by the United Nations for torture.
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He also claims that the PlayStation 2's DualShock controller "gives you a pleasurable buzz back into your hands with each kill. This is operant conditioning, behavior modification right out of B. F. Skinner's laboratory."Thompson, Jack. .
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ABA is controversial within the autism rights movement due to its emphasis on normalization instead of acceptance and a history of, in some embodiments of what was then called behavior modification, the use of aversive electric shocks.
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Kitchen was born in Augusta, Georgia. She graduated from Antioch University in 1979 with a bachelor's degree in Human Services and attended Temple University. She received certificates in Child Care, Behavior Modification and Economic Development from Temple.
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Dyssomnia is a class of sleep disorders which includes Primary insomnia, primary hypersomnia, narcolepsy, breathing-related sleep disorders, circadian rhythm sleep discorer, and other conditions. Primary insomnia is a disorder in which a patient has difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep. Behavior modification and a reduction in neurologically active substances such as caffeine and alcohol seem to be among the most promising treatments. Although the mechanism is unknown, brain plasticity and behavior modification are utilized to train patients to only go to bed when tired, associating the bed itself with a sleepy state.
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Behavior Modification is abstracted and indexed in Scopus and the Social Sciences Citation Index. According to the Journal Citation Reports, its 2017 impact factor is 2.024, ranking it 60 out of 127 journals in the category "Psychology, Clinical".
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Behavior modification: Principles and applications in corrections. In D. Glasser (Ed.), Handbook of Criminology. Chicago: Rand McNally The goal was to redesign the behavioral architecture around delinquent teens to lessen chances of recidivismCohen, H.L. June, 1964). Behavioral architecture.
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Besides the three basic requirements, other features are often present: social reinforcement, shaping, immediacy of reinforcement, forward planning, and consistency.: Token economy approaches for psychiatric patients. Progress and pitfalls over 25 years. Behavior Modification, 1990, 14, 383-407.
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While Lovaas is credited with popularizing the use of aversives in behavior modification, he later renounced their use. Lovaas also found that the punishments became less effective over time. He therefore argued that behavioral treatment should consist of positive support only.
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Evaluating student discipline practices in a public school through behavioral assessment of office referrals. Behavior Modification, 27, 505–523. Sprague et al., 2001; Sugai et al., 2000; Tidwell, Flannery, & Lewis-Palmer, 2003;Tidwell, A., Flannery, K.B., & Lewis-Palmer, T. (2003).
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Psychologists have been employed to promote "green" behavior, i.e. sustainable development. In this case, their goal is behavior modification, through strategies such as social marketing. Tactics include education, disseminating information, organizing social movements, passing laws, and altering taxes to influence decisions.
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The film sheds light on controversial behavior modification methods used on children, sent there by their parents, at an Evangelical Christian reform school in the Dominican Republic. The film was sold to Showtime, to be released on television July 10, 2014.
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Behavior modification programs have been shown to reduce recidivism in sex offenders.Marshall, W.L., Jones, R., Ward, T., Johnston, P. & Bambaree, H.E.(1991). Treatment of sex offenders. Clinical Psychology Review, 11, 465-485 Often, such programs use principles of applied behavior analysis.
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In the 1930s, Voegtlin and psychiatrist Frederick Lemere at the Shadel Sanatorium in Seattle promoted the use of aversion therapy to treat alcoholics.Bellack, Alan S; Hersen, Michel; Kazdin, Alan E. (1985). International Handbook of Behavior Modification and Therapy. Plenum Press. pp. 20-21.
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"Cherry Hill Tries In-school Program For Problem Pupils Disruptive Students Will Attend Special Classes. They Will Receive Behavior Modification Counseling.", The Philadelphia Inquirer, August 31, 1997, backed up by the Internet Archive as of October 28, 2011. Accessed October 21, 2016.
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Previous research in the early 1990s has shown covert conditioning to be effective with sex offenders as part of a behavior modification treatment package. Clinical studies continue to find it effective with some generalization from office to natural environment with this population.
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Eagle Academy is a behavior modification facility. The facility is located on 33800 State Road 80, Belle Glade, Florida. The academy featured in the show High School Boot Camp. The target group is "at-risk" girls and boys between 13 and 16 years of age.
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Poland Community School, last expanded in 2002, serves Poland's K-6 students. Elan School, a private 8-12 behavior modification boarding school that faced numerous reports of abuse throughout its existence, opened in Poland in 1970 and remained until 2011."About Elan School." Elan School.
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D. Baer, R.F.; Peterson, J.A. Sherman Psychological Modeling: Conflicting Theories, 2006 Several people have criticized the level of training required to perform behavior modification procedures, especially those that are restrictive or use aversives, aversion therapy, or punishment protocols. Some desire to limit such restrictive procedures only to licensed psychologists or licensed counselors. Once licensed for this group, post-licensed certification in behavior modification is sought to show scope of competence in the area through groups like the World Association for Behavior Analysis. Still others desire to create an independent practice of behavior analysis through licensure to offer consumers choices between proven techniques and unproven ones (see Professional practice of behavior analysis).
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Residential Programs and Boarding Schools Links , Equine Assisted Growth and Learning Association website, accessed January 4, 2009 A graduate of the program stated that the school used behavior modification to give students structure and provided psychoanalytic counseling to help students understand the sources of their negative behaviors.
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CEDU Educational Services, Inc., known simply as CEDU (pronounced see-doo), was founded in 1967 by Mel Wasserman and his wife Brigitta. The company owned and operated several therapeutic boarding schools and behavior modification programs in California and Idaho. The company's schools have faced numerous allegations of abuse.
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Beyond Freedom and Dignity is consistent with Walden Two, a 1948 novel by Skinner, depicting a utopian community based on his ideas regarding behavior modification. In Beyond Freedom and Dignity Skinner extends his argument for explicit cultural engineering of which Walden Two may be seen as an example.
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Kingsley, D. (2006). The Teaching- Family Model and Post-Treatment Recidivism: A Critical Review of the Conventional Wisdom. International Journal of Behavioral and Consultation Therapy, 2, 481–96. BAO The Teaching-Family Model has been suggested as a model program for residential treatment facility and behavior modification facility.
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Extinction is a behavioral phenomenon observed in both operantly conditioned and classically conditioned behavior, which manifests itself by fading of non- reinforced conditioned response over time. When operant behavior that has been previously reinforced no longer produces reinforcing consequences the behavior gradually stops occurring.Miltenberger, R. (2012). Behavior modification, principles and procedures.
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Over time, interest faded in Cohen's CASE project.Rutherford, A. (2009). Beyond the Box: B. F. Skinner's Technology of behavior from laboratory to life, 1950s-1970s. Toronto: University of Toronto Press Other studies found that in proper supervision of staff in behavior modification facilities could lead to greater use of punishment procedures.
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To obtain the best results, treatment should include a behavior modification plan under the guidance of multiple professionals. If the child has oral motor difficulties related to the feeding disorder a pediatric occupational or speech therapist who is trained in feeding disorders and oral motor function should help develop a plan.
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She may have had romantic feelings for Bourne before his final mission and resultant amnesia. Bourne finally comes face to face with the person who oversaw his behavior modification as the first Treadstone operative some years earlier, memories of which resurface. Those responsible for Treadstone and Blackbriar are exposed, and Bourne goes underground.
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A device incorporating biological materials designed to result in the dispersal of vector borne biological material for the purpose of creating a primary patho-physiological toxic effect (morbidity and mortality), or secondary psychological effect (causing fear and behavior modification) on a larger population. Such devices are fabricated in a completely improvised manner.
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Some veterinarians have proposed that diet can affect compulsive behaviors in dogs. Drugs may be used until behavior modification has had time to take effect. Antidepressants are most commonly used, including doxepin, amitriptyline, fluoxetine, and clomipramine. If the psychological factors are not corrected, the pet will usually relapse after the drugs are discontinued.
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Psychotherapists-in-training are typically exposed to a variety of different methods and theories. Eclectic psychotherapy might include using a behavior modification approach for one symptom and a psychoanalytic approach for a second symptom. An eclectic psychotherapist may use one mode of treatment for one patient and a different one for another patient.
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However, a slip from Buffy indicating her prior knowledge of the Initiative's behavior modification research (viz. Spike's chip) does not go unnoticed. Tara tries to give a crystal to Willow, a family heirloom, but Willow refuses to accept the powerful magical implement. Tara invites Willow to try some spells with the crystal that night.
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Pacifier use which lasts longer than 18 months, may cause this malocclusion. It is shown that as long as the sucking habit stops before the eruption of permanent teeth, the open bite self-corrects. In some cases, behavior modification may be necessary to eliminate the dental habits. If all else fails, then a tongue crib can be used.
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On the function of the sub-elytral cavity in desert Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 100 148-51. Pimelia have tubercles on the surface of their elytra which scatter and reflect incident energy. Burrowing is probably the most important behavior modification for heat regulation in Pimelia, because it permits access to a broad range of ambient temperatures.
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Treatment can include behavior modification therapy, medication, and family therapy. The evidence base criteria for BFRBs is strict and methodical. Individual behavioral therapy has been shown as a "probably effective" evidence-based therapy to help with thumb sucking, and possibly nail biting. Cognitive behavioral therapy was cited as experimental evidence based therapy to treat trichotillomania and nail biting.
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Treatment therapies may target semantic differences related to phonemic differences (e.g., teaching a child the difference between toe and toad, underlining the importance of the final consonant), physical-motor differences (e.g., using a mirror to show a child the correct tongue placement for a particular sound), or behavior- modification techniques (e.g., repetitive production through prompts and fun learning games).
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International Journal of Health Services, 18, 659–74. Health psychologists also aim to change health behaviors for the dual purpose of helping people stay healthy and helping patients adhere to disease treatment regimens (also see health action process approach). Health psychologists employ cognitive behavioral therapy and applied behavior analysis (also see behavior modification) for that purpose.
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While some behavioral changes can be beneficial, others can cause serious harm to the individual experiencing them. Sometimes, a change can be due to something as small as an environmental cue, whereas other cases may take a more multifaceted approach. In those cases, there are several treatment options available. Behavior modification is one method used to correct harmful behaviors.
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Unconditioned aversive stimuli naturally result in pain or discomfort and are often associated with biologically harmful or damaging substances or events. Examples include extreme heat or cold, bitter flavors, electric shocks, loud noises and pain. Aversives can be applied naturally (such as touching a hot stove) or in a contrived manner (such as during torture or behavior modification).
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In the late 1960s, behavior modification or practice referred to as applied behavior analysis began to move rapidly into residential treatment facilities.Cohen, H.L., Filipczak, J., Bis, J., Cohen, J., Golddiamond, I. & Larkin, P. (1968). Case II- Model: A contingency oriented twenty-four-hour learning environment in a juvenile correctional Institution. Silver Spring, Md IBR PressMilan, M.A. & McKee, J.M. (1974).
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Each home has from 6-8 boys in it with two "parents" trained in behavior modification principles. The token system for the program was divided into 3 levels. Outcome studies have found that Achievement place and other teaching family homes reduce recidivism and increase pro-social behavior, as well as self-esteem.Braukenmann, C.J., Wolf, M.M., Kirgin- Ramp, K.A (1985).
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A security guard is hit with their freeze ray during the incident. The three are later confronted by Spike, who wants Warren to examine his defective behavior modification chip that forbids him from harming humans. Warren agrees only after Spike threatens to break their Boba Fett action figure. The Trio fight over a device that can turn objects invisible.
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Treatment is based on a person's age. Most pre-school age children outgrow the condition if it is managed conservatively. In young adults, establishing the diagnosis and raising awareness of the condition is an important reassurance for the family and patient. Non-pharmacological interventions, including behavior modification programs, may be considered; referrals to psychologists or psychiatrists may be considered when other interventions fail.
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Those clinicians that continue to regularly use systematic desensitization were trained before 1986. It is believed that the decrease of systematic desensitization by practicing psychologist is due to the increase in other techniques such as flooding, implosive therapy, and participant modeling.McGlynn, F., Smitherman, T., Gothard, K.. 2004 “Comment on the Status of Systematic Desensitization”. Behavior Modification, 28: 2, pp. 194–205.
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A specific treatment plan is usually laid out for the child because of the wide range of behaviors and abilities in each child. Treatment often involves promoting better communication and socializing, and reducing behaviors that can be disruptive. Children with pervasive developmental disorders may be placed in special education classes, receive behavior modification training, speech, physical or occupational therapy, or medication.
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To be a Crimson Guard is to swear absolute loyalty to Cobra and Cobra Commander. Many members also become part of a "series", undergoing plastic surgery and behavior modification to look and act like one another within a series. This allows one series member to completely replace another should the need arise without arousing suspicion. The most commonly depicted is the "Fred" Series.
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Traditional spaying (removal of uterus and ovaries) is performed commonly on household pets (such as cats and dogs) as a method of birth control. It is performed less commonly on livestock, as a method of birth control or for other reasons. In mares, these other reasons include behavior modification. A complete ovariohysterectomy may involve removal of the ovaries, uterus, oviducts, and uterine horns.
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A behavior modification facility (or youth residential program) is a residential educational and treatment institution enrolling adolescents who are perceived as displaying antisocial behavior, in an attempt to alter their conduct. As of 2008 there were about 650 nongovernmental, residential programs in the United States offering treatment services for adolescents.Lon Woodbury, Are We Ready for the Panic Button Yet?, by Lon Woodbury, strugglingteens.
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Its power rests on persuasion, in the behavior modification proposals that it formulate in its recommendations, in the development of preventive protection strategies, in the power as a mediator to find solutions, and in their power of public denunciation in extreme cases. The first Peruvian Ombudsperson was Jorge Santistevan de Noriega, followed by Beatriz Merino. The Current Ombudsperson is Walter Gutiérrez Camacho.
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The basic underlying principles of Pavlov's classical conditioning have extended to a variety of settings, such as classrooms and learning environments. Classical conditioning focuses on using preceding conditions to alter behavioral reactions. The principles underlying classical conditioning have influenced preventative antecedent control strategies used in the classroom. Classical conditioning set the groundwork for the present day behavior modification practices, such as antecedent control.
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Obesity medicine physicians should be skilled in identifying factors which have contributed to obesity and know how to employ methods (behavior modification, pharmacotherapy, and surgery) to treat obesity. No two people with obesity are alike, and it is important to approach each patient as an individual to determine which factors contributed to their obesity in order to effectively treat each patient.
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The consultant will visit the client and animal in its current environment, and observe the animal. If practically and ethically possible, the consultant will observe the animal engaging in the problem behavior and identify the antecedents and consequences of that behavior. # Intervention design. Certified animal behavior consultants will design interventions that conform to the Least Invasive, Minimally Aversive (LIMA) model of behavior modification.
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Behavior modification is a primary consideration in chronic heart failure management program, with dietary guidelines regarding fluid and salt intake. Fluid restriction is important to reduce fluid retention in the body and to correct the hyponatremic status of the body. The evidence of benefit of reducing salt, however, is poor as of 2018. Exercise should be encouraged and tailored to suit individual capabilities.
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Organizational reward systems drive the strengthening and enhancing of individual team member efforts; such efforts contribute towards reaching team goals.Luthans, F.; Kreitner, R. (1985). Organizational Behavior Modification and Beyond: An Operant and Social Learning Approach (2nd ed.). Glenview, Illinois: Scott, Foresman In other words, rewards that are given to individual team members should be contingent upon the performance of the entire team.
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RTCs for adolescents, sometimes referred to as teen rehab centers provide treatment for issues and disorders such as oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, depression, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), educational issues, some personality disorders, and phase-of-life issues, as well as drug and alcohol abuse. Most use a behavior modification paradigm. Others are relationally oriented. Some utilize a community or positive peer-culture model.
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In March 2016, Maine State Police announced they had opened a cold case investigation into the death of former Élan resident Phil Williams, who died on December 27, 1982 after participating in Élan's "ring," where students were forced to fight each other as a means of behavior modification. The State Police later announced no charges would be filed as a result of their investigation, citing insufficient evidence.
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A device incorporating the toxic attributes of chemical materials designed to result in the dispersal of toxic chemical materials for the purpose of creating a primary patho-physiological toxic effect (morbidity and mortality), or secondary psychological effect (causing fear and behavior modification) on a larger population. Such devices may be fabricated in a completely improvised manner or may be an improvised modification to an existing weapon.
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Library Trends, 59(3), p. 491. The purpose of the library was to increase religious devotion and modify behaviour. In many prisons during this time period the library collection consisted only of the Bible and sometimes prayer books. According to Lehmann (2011), “The main purpose of reading was believed to be strengthening of character, religious devotion, and what we today would call behavior modification.
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Behavioral change can be very beneficial to an individual, an annoying side-effect, or a life-altering condition which takes considerable effort to repair. Two such theories on the subject include behavior modification theory and cognitive behavioral theory. Both of these seek to help a patient engage in a positive behavioral change. Both legal and illegal drugs have been shown to alter behavior, both acutely and chronically.
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Fast food Lifestyle medicine is prescribed to prevent and decrease the progression of chronic diseases. Unlike traditional medicine, lifestyle medicine focuses on behavior modification, making it an effective means of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. The interventions include nutrition, physical activity, sleep, and substance use. Diet interventions are particularly difficult to implement into someone's life due to the interference with a biological drive: hunger.
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From 2007–2008, Yin was president of the American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior. She also served on the American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP) Handling Guidelines Committee. She lectured around the world to veterinarians and animal professionals, teaching seminars and workshops on animal behavior and low stress handling for dogs and cats. Her behavior modification programs are based on the science of learning.
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While this reduction appears to be modest, it holds potention in the U.S. given the large number of people in the prison system. Increasingly, behavior modification models based on the principles of applied behavior analysis, cognitave behavioral therapy, and dialectic behavioral therapy are being developed to model and reduce delinquency and are being integrated into programs of all types.Stumphauzer, J. S.(1985). Understanding Delinquency: A Behavioral Analysis.
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Consistency, firmness and respect are all important components of positive discipline. The goal of positive discipline is to teach, train and guide children so that they learn, practice self-control and develop the ability to manage their emotions, and make wise choices regarding their personal behavior. Cultural differences exist among many forms of child discipline. Shaming is a form of discipline and behavior modification.
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MK-ULTRA was started on the order of CIA director Allen Dulles, largely in response to alleged Soviet, Chinese, and North Korean use of mind-control techniques on U.S. prisoners of war in Korea. The goal of the experiments was to study mind-control in order to develop methods of interrogation and behavior modification and manipulation, as well as to develop a possible truth drug.
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Generalist programs are usually large (80-plus clients and as many as 250) and level-focused in their treatment approach. That is, in order to manage clients' behavior, they frequently put systems of rewards and punishments in place. Specialist programs are usually smaller (less than 100 clients and as few as 10 or 12). Specialist programs typically are not as focused on behavior modification as generalist programs are.
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Children usually "grow out" of their elimination disorders by the time they reach their teens. If treatment is necessary, the most effective choice for enuresis is behavior modification, which involves a special pad that the child sleeps on at night. If the pad gets wet, an alarm goes off and the child is directed to go to the bathroom. Stool softeners or laxatives are the choice of treatment for encopresis.
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Human beings have, in principle, control over their conduct. Behavior modification can contribute to the success of self-control, and health-enhancing behaviors. Risky behaviors can be eliminated including physical exercise, weight control, preventive nutrition, dental hygiene, condom use, or accident prevention. Health behavior change refers to the motivational, volitional, and action based processes of abandoning such health-compromising behaviors in favor of adopting and maintaining health- enhancing behaviors.
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Defeating ISIS details tactics of ISIS manipulation including psychological manipulation, behavior modification, and brainwashing. Nance writes that these strategies lead to gross violations of human rights, including sexual assault and child soldiers. Defeating ISIS describes ISIS combat tactics, with analysis of their armaments. Nance writes that ISIS usually engages in the military tactics of mountain warfare and frontal assault, later encouraging each other through social media discussing their combat operations.
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An implementation intention (II) is a self-regulatory strategy in the form of an "if-then plan" that can lead to better goal attainment, as well as help in habit and behavior modification. It is subordinate to goal intentions as it specifies the when, where and how portions of goal-directed behavior. The concept of implementation intentions was introduced in 1999 by psychologist Peter Gollwitzer.Gollwitzer, P. M. (1999).
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Other books authored by Yin include Low Stress Handling, Restraint and Behavior Modification of Dogs & Cats, and How to Behave So Your Dog Behaves and Perfect Puppy in 7 Days. Her DVDs include Creating a Pet-Friendly Hospital, Animal Shelter or Petcare Business; Towel Wrap Techniques for Handling Cats with Skill and Ease; and Creating the Perfect Puppy. Yin also had her own publishing company, Cattle Dog Publishing.
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A variety of psychotherapeutic and behavior modification approaches to managing ADHD including psychotherapy and working memory training may be used. Improving the surrounding home and school environment with parent management training and classroom management can improve the behavior of children with ADHD. Specialized ADHD coaches provide services and strategies to improve functioning, like time management or organizational suggestions. Self-control training programs have been shown to have limited effectiveness.
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Outside, Bourne meets Landy and gives her the Blackbriar files before going inside. Vosen also figures out Landy's code and warns Dr. Albert Hirsch, who ran Treadstone's behavior modification program, that Bourne is coming. He follows Landy inside the building but is too late to stop her from faxing the Blackbriar documents out. Meanwhile, on an upper floor, Hirsch is confronted by Bourne, who now remembers that he volunteered for Treadstone.
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Infected bees can be found walking in circles, as well as losing the ability to stand. Disorientation is likely caused by mechanical interference or by pressure of the growing larvae on the internal organs and nervous system. Inactivity during the daytime, along with activity during cold or inclement weather, has been observed in infected bees. Hive abandonment, particularly at night, has been implicated as a behavior modification of A. borealis.
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Applied behavior analysis (ABA)--also called behavioral engineering--is a scientific discipline that applies the principles of behavior analysis to change behavior. ABA derived from much earlier research in the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, which was founded by B.F. Skinner and his colleagues at Harvard University. Nearly a decade after the study "The psychiatric nurse as a behavioral engineer" (1959) was published in that journal, which demonstrated how effective the token economy was in reinforcing more adaptive behavior for hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and intellectual disability, it led to researchers at the University of Kansas to start the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis. Although ABA and behavior modification are similar behavior-change technologies in that the learning environment is modified through respondent and operant conditioning, behavior modification did not initially address the causes of the behavior (particularly, the environmental stimuli that occurred in the past), or investigate solutions that would otherwise prevent the behavior from reoccurring.
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As the evolution of ABA began to unfold in the mid-1980s, functional behavior assessments (FBAs) were developed to clarify the function of that behavior, so that it is accurately determined which differential reinforcement contingencies will be most effective and less likely for aversive consequences to be administered. In addition, methodological behaviorism was the theory underpinning behavior modification since private events were not conceptualized during the 1970s and early 1980s, which contrasted from the radical behaviorism of behavior analysis. ABA--the term that replaced behavior modification--has emerged into a thriving field. The independent development of behaviour analysis outside the United States also continues to develop. In the US, the American Psychological Association (APA) features a subdivision for Behavior Analysis, titled APA Division 25: Behavior Analysis, which has been in existence since 1964, and the interests among behavior analysts today are wide-ranging, as indicated in a review of the 30 Special Interest Groups (SIGs) within the Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI).
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Ole Ivar Løvaas (8 May 1927 – 2 August 2010) was a Norwegian-American clinical psychologist and professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. He is most well-known for his research on early behavior modification to teach autistic children through prompts, modeling, and positive reinforcement. The technique also had a history of using aversives to reduce undesired behaviors. Lovaas founded the Lovaas Institute and co-founded the Autism Society of America.
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There are many factors that contribute to a person's weight, including: diet, physical activity, genetics, environmental factors, medications, and illnesses. Each of these factors affect weight in different ways and to varying degrees, but health professionals most often stress the importance of diet and physical activity above all other factors because they can be affected by conscious behavior modification. The following is a review of some of the key components of weight management in humans.
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The Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB) offers a technical certificate in behavior analysis. This certification is internationally recognized. This certification states the level of training and requires an exam to show a minimum level of competence to call oneself a board certified behavior analyst (BCBA). Certification came about because of many ethical issues with behavioral interventions being delivered including the use of aversive and humiliating treatments in the name of behavior modification.
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Behavior therapy is important especially when children are in their primary dentition in the pre-adolescent age. Improving habits at this time may lead to self-correction of open bite in many cases. Sometimes presence of infantile swallowing into early childhood may lead to an anterior open bite. Habit control through appliances such as Tongue crib or Tongue spurs may be used in adolescents if behavior modification fails to stop the habit.
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Help at Any Cost: How the Troubled-Teen Industry Cons Parents and Hurts Kids is a non-fiction book by Maia Szalavitz analyzing the controversy surrounding the tough love behavior modification industry. The book was published February 16, 2006, by Riverhead Books. Szalavitz focuses on four programs: Straight, Incorporated, a copy of the Straight Inc. program called KIDS, North Star wilderness boot camp, and the World Wide Association of Specialty Programs and Schools.
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Behavior therapy, also known as behavior modification, is a sub-category of psychotherapy. The emphasis is placed on observable, measurable behavior and the alteration of maladaptive behaviors via rewards and punishment. Behavior therapies for depression first emerged in the mid-1960s with Saslow's positive group reinforcement, which focused on increasing social skills. Three alternative therapies emerged over the next 4 years: Lweinsohn's social learning theory, Patterson's anti-depression milieu, and Lazarus' behavioral deprivation.
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Behavioral principles have also been researched in emerging peer groups, focusing on status. Research shows that it takes different social skills to enter groups than it does to maintain or build one's status in groups. Research also suggests that neglected children are the least interactive and aversive, yet remain relatively unknown in groups. Children suffering from social problems do see an improvement in social skills after behavior therapy and behavior modification (see applied behavior analysis).
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Perceived air pollution behavior modification was further separated by air quality index awareness status. It was found that 23.8% of respondents modified their behavior based on perceived poor air quality and were familiar with the index, and only 11.2% of respondents modified their behavior and were unfamiliar with this tool. Finally, 26.2% of respondents modified their behavior in response to an air quality report at least once over the course of 1 year.
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Bazelon promotes community-based services on the basis that it considers more effective and less costly than residential placement.U.S. Supreme Court to Decide Forest Grove v. T.A.: Parents Should Win, But Bazelon Center Opposes Therapeutic Boarding Schools , Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, Retrieved May 1, 2009 While the behavior modification programs can be delivered as easily in residential programs as in community-based programs Thoder, V., Hesky, J. & Cautilli, J.D. (2010).
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Handbook of Clinical Psychopharmacology for Psychologists. Wiley. However, a medical psychologist does not automatically equate with a psychologist who has the authority to prescribe medication. In fact, most medical psychologists do not prescribe medication and do not have the authority to do so. Medical psychologists apply psychological theories, scientific psychological findings, and techniques of psychotherapy, behavior modification, cognitive, interpersonal, family, and life-style therapy to improve the psychological and physical health of the patient.
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Attempts to change sexual orientation are rare in China. In India, psychiatry and psychology scholars have "preserved an almost complete silence on the subject of homosexuality". One paper discusses behavior modification methods used to treat the sexual orientation of thirteen gay patients. They use the WHO classification of egodystonic sexual orientation, but the People's Union for Civil Liberties reports that doctors will often diagnosis the patient as egodystonic even if the patient really is egosyntonic.
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Both he and Dr. Elliot Kupferberg are urging her to cease treating her gangster patient, whose name she inadvertently reveals to Kupferberg. She has her own doubts: "I've been charmed by a sociopath," she says. She believes it is now time for him to be treated by a behavior modification therapist, but Tony is reluctant to talk to anyone else. In the parking garage one evening after work, Dr. Melfi is attacked and raped.
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Civilian Student Training Program is a state funded program that provides a structured, discipline base and military style, behavior modification environment. the program accepts adjudicated male nonviolent offenders ranging in age from 13–17. The nine-week residential multi-phase program stresses value-based learning, physical fitness, academic and life skills education, and community service. The program was proposed by the Arkansas National Guard and established by the state legislature in 1993.
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There is no national system of certifying school counselors. Most are trained in Western-developed cognitive methods including REBT, Rogerian, Family Systems, Behavior Modification, and Object Relations.(Thomason & Qiong, 2007) School Counselors also recommend Chinese methods such as qi-gong (deep breathing) and acupuncture, as well as music therapy.(Zhiyong, 2006) Chinese school counselors work within a traditional Chinese world view of a community and family-based system that lessens the focus on the individual.
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Blau earned his bachelor's, master's and Ph.D. degrees from Pennsylvania State University and completed his residency at the Veterans Administration hospital in Perry Point, Maryland. He was an early adherent to B. F. Skinner and Kenneth B. Clark. After moving to Tampa, Florida in 1955, he developed a successful private clinical practice, specializing in child psychology, cognitive psychology, and behavior modification. Blau became prominent over the next 30 years in academic and clinical psychology.
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Ole Ivar Løvaas (8 May 1927 – 2 August 2010) was a Norwegian-American clinical psychologist and professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. He is most well-known for his research on early behavior modification to teach autistic children through prompts, modeling, and positive reinforcement. The technique also had a history of using aversives to reduce undesired behaviors. Lovaas founded the Lovaas Institute and co-founded the Autism Society of America.
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It is this effect of observation that is called the "Hawthorne Effect". This is interesting because if a child who is behaving very poorly, no matter what, is put in an experiment, they might increase their good behavior because they are getting attention from the researcher. The point of operant conditioning in behavior modification is to regulate the behavior. It is a method to use different techniques and tie them all together to monitor how one behaves.
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Additional services include massage therapy, resting metabolic rate measurement and Bodpod body composition measurement. When not eating or exercising, clients attend lectures from experts in the 4 pillars of comprehensive weight management: nutrition, fitness, behavior modification and medicine. Clients of Duke Diet & Fitness Center experience multiple health benefits during and after completion of the program. In addition to weight loss, clients experience improvements in blood pressure, blood sugar, blood cholesterol/lipids, mobility, pain, sleep and mood.
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There are two major conceptualizations of autism within autism advocacy. Those who favour the pathology paradigm, which aligns with the medical model of disability, see autism as a disorder to be treated or cured. Those who favor the pathology paradigm argue that atypical behaviors of autistic individuals are detrimental and should therefore be reduced or eliminated through behavior modification therapies. Their advocacy efforts focus primarily on medical research to identify genetic and environmental risk factors in autism.
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Meanwhile, everyone stops for chips, sodas, and hot dogs on the way out of the zoo. The book explores solutions from behavior modification to willpower to change diet and exercise habits. One of the main messages of the book is that big changes in diet are actually easier than small ones, that the addictive nature of junk food means that, after a few days, eating no cookies or chips is easier than eating fewer cookies or chips.
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The Judge Rotenberg Center provides behavioral treatment using the methodologies of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA). JRC's behavior modification program relies heavily on aversion therapy, with treatment directed exclusively towards promoting normalization. Aversives used to modify behavior include: food deprivation, restraint, solitary confinement, and GED skin shocks (before the FDA ban on such in 2020). While the center often claims that it uses aversives only as last resort against self-harm and aggression, these claims have been refuted.
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The side stage will feature many up and coming young artists from the greater Atlanta area. Speakers included local veterinarians from Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and Amber Burckhalter, Certified Master Trainer and Animal Behavior Consultant and renowned expert in canine obedience and behavior modification. Presenting sponsors for 2015 were Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and Unleashed by Petco. Boxerstock 2016 will again be held at Jim Miller Park in Marietta, Georgia on Sunday October 23, 2015 from 12-6pm.
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Presenters included local veterinarians from Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and Amber Burckhalter, Certified Master Trainer and animal behavior consultant and renowned expert in canine obedience and behavior modification. Presenting sponsors for 2014 were Paces Ferry Veterinary Clinic and Unleashed by Petco. Boxerstock 2015 was held at Jim Miller Park in Marietta, Georgia on Sunday October 11, 2015 from 12-6pm. Featured bands on the main stage included Laughlin, Justin Dukes, Cody Matlock, Falling Through April, TheSAGAS and Cumberland Blue.
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After adopting the GED, the school phased out spankings, pinches, and muscle squeezes, but continued to use restraints, sensory deprivation, and the withholding of food. These older punishments were often used in combination with the GED: For example, a student could be restrained to a board and then given several GED shocks in succession. While the school advertises its behavior modification program as safe, effective, and backed by science, these claims are disputed by independent experts.
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These allowed the mail software to query the RBL and reject mail from listed sites on a per-mail-server basis instead of blackholing all traffic. Soon after the advent of the RBL, others started developing their own lists with different policies. One of the first was Alan Brown's Open Relay Behavior-modification System (ORBS). This used automated testing to discover and list mail servers running as open mail relays—exploitable by spammers to carry their spam.
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Skinner's teaching machine, a mechanical invention to automate the task of programmed instruction Psychologists take human behavior as a main area of study. Much of the research in this area began with tests on mammals, based on the idea that humans exhibit similar fundamental tendencies. Behavioral research ever aspires to improve the effectiveness of techniques for behavior modification. The film of the Little Albert experimentEarly behavioral researchers studied stimulus–response pairings, now known as classical conditioning.
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This is intended as a behavior modification strategy: since those at risk know that it may operate unfairly, they may be induced to take even unreasonable steps to avoid breaking the rule. This is a standard policy in rule- and law-based systems around the world on "offenses" as minor as traffic violations to major health and safety legislation for the protection of employees and the environment.Ghezzi, Patti. "Zero tolerance for zero tolerance" Atlanta Constitution, March 20, 2006.
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Backpackers at a wilderness therapy program Wilderness therapy (also known as outdoor behavioral healthcare) is an adventure-based therapy treatment modality for behavior modification and interpersonal self-improvement, combining experiential education, individual and group therapy in a wilderness setting. The success of the Outward Bound outdoor education program in the 1940s inspired the approach taken by many current-day wilderness therapy programs, though some adopted a survivalist methodology. Young individuals aged 12–17 are the most frequent clients.
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The neurodiversity paradigm falls in contrast with medical model of autism, which considers autism a pathology. Those who favour the pathology paradigm, which aligns with the medical model of disability, see autism as a disorder to be treated or cured. Proponents of the pathology paradigm argue that atypical behaviors of autistic individuals are detrimental and should therefore be reduced or eliminated through behavior modification. Their efforts focus primarily on medical research to identify genetic and environmental risk factors in autism.
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British psychologist Hans Eysenck presented behavior therapy as a constructive alternative. At the same time as Eysenck's work, B. F. Skinner and his associates were beginning to have an impact with their work on operant conditioning. Skinner's work was referred to as radical behaviorism and avoided anything related to cognition. However, Julian Rotter, in 1954, and Albert Bandura, in 1969, contributed behavior therapy with their respective work on social learning theory, by demonstrating the effects of cognition on learning and behavior modification.
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Psychosocial interventions can be used for managing acute depressive episodes and for maintenance treatment to aid in relapse prevention. This includes psycho education, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), family-focused therapy (FFT), interpersonal and social-rhythm therapy (IPSRT), and peer support. Information on the condition, importance of regular sleep patterns, routines and eating habits and the importance of compliance with medication as prescribed. Behavior modification through counseling can have positive influence to help reduce the effects of risky behavior during the manic phase.
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Troy, NY: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. – via University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, MI. [Ramsey attempts to analyze Walden Two, Beyond Freedom and Dignity, and other Skinner works in the context of Skinner's life; lists over 500 sources.] In 1967, Kat Kinkade and others founded the Twin Oaks Community, using Walden Two as a blueprint. The community still exists and continues to use the Planner-Manager system and other aspects of the community described in Skinner's book, though behavior modification is not a community practice.
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He used behavior modification techniques and the philosophy that exercise, discipline, and affection are required "in that order" for dogs to be healthy and balanced. The series premiered on September 13, 2004, on the National Geographic Channel in half-hour episodes and in 2005 was expanded to one hour and moved to prime time. In 2011, the series aired its seventh season broadcast in more than 80 countries worldwide. Produced by Sheila Emery and Kay Sumner in association with MPH Entertainment, Inc.
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He goes on to demonstrate behavior modification techniques with the dog and shows his expertise at establishing dominance over the troubled canine. Millan frequently brings one or more of his own dogs to a training session, which Millan describes as transferring another dog's "balanced energy". Sometimes, the dog is taken to his Dog Psychology Center where it stays with Millan's own dogs for days or weeks. Each episode ends with a demonstration of the dog's altered behavior and the amazement of the owner.
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The applicability of the affirmations to female alcoholic's lives may limit the appeal of the WFS program. Kirkpatrick has stated the affirmations were derived from observing her thoughts as she felt good enough to stop drinking. The intention of the affirmations is behavior modification, asking WFS members not to dwell on past problems is intended to prevent them from drinking. The purpose is not to deny the past, but not to indulge it as this is likely to cause negative thinking.
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IJBCT, 3(1), pp. 77–87 ) Another area of research that has been strongly supported has been behavioral activation for depression. One way of giving positive reinforcement in behavior modification is in providing compliments, approval, encouragement, and affirmation; a ratio of five compliments for every one complaint is generally seen as being effective in altering behavior in a desired manner and even in producing stable marriages. Of notable interest is that the right behavioral intervention can have profound system effects.
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Based on the conceptual premises of classical behaviorism and reinforcement theory, the Organizational Behavior Modification Model (aka O.B. Mod) represents a behavioral approach to the management of human resources in organizational settings. The application of reinforcement theory to modification of behavior as it relates to job performance first requires analysis of necessary antecedents (e.g., job design, training) of the desired behavior. After it has been determined that the necessary antecedents are present, managers must first identify the behaviors to change.
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During 2001 Xtra and Actrix (another New Zealand Internet service provider) won a High Court injunction to force Alan Brown, the maintainer of the Open Relay Behavior-modification System (ORBS) anti-spam blacklist, to remove them from the list. ORBS was a blacklist of IP addresses relating to open mail relays like those run by Xtra, which enable spammers to send unsolicited bulk e-mail. Hundreds of organisations subscribed to the list, including Bigfoot.com and at least one other large free mail provider.
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Faculty of Law, University of Toronto. In Weinrib's theories he sees the world of private law (that is tort, contract and restitution) as being composed of "bilateral relationships between individuals whereby one person's right is always a function of another person's duty."Peter Cane, Corrective Justice and Correlativity in Private Law, 16 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies (1996) (3): 471. Because of this he argues that private law cannot explain factors like punitive damages and other remedies used for behavior modification.
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Many theorists, including Alfred Adler, Carl Jung, Karen Horney, Anna Freud, Otto Rank, Erik Erikson, Melanie Klein and Heinz Kohut, built upon Freud's fundamental ideas and often developed their own systems of psychotherapy. These were all later categorized as psychodynamic, meaning anything that involved the psyche's conscious/unconscious influence on external relationships and the self. Sessions tended to number into the hundreds over several years. Behaviorism developed in the 1920s, and behavior modification as a therapy became popularized in the 1950s and 1960s.
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After leaving Loyola University, Linehan started a post doctoral internship at The Suicide Prevention and Crisis Service in Buffalo, New York between 1971 and 1972. During this time, Linehan served as an adjunct assistant professor at University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. From Buffalo, Linehan completed a Post-Doctoral fellowship in Behavior Modification at Stony Brook University. Linehan then returned to her alma mater Loyola University in 1973 and served as an adjunct professor at the university until 1975.
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Gordon Howard Bower (December 30, 1932 – June 17, 2020) was a cognitive psychologist studying human memory, language comprehension, emotion, and behavior modification. He received his Ph.D. in learning theory from Yale University in 1959. He held the A. R. Lang Emeritus Professorship at Stanford University. In addition to his research, Bower also was a notable adviser to numerous students, including John R. Anderson, Lawrence W. Barsalou, Lera Boroditsky, Keith Holyoak, Stephen Kosslyn, Alan Lesgold, Mark A. Gluck, and Robert Sternberg, among others.
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He was told by one of his teachers that would not amount to anything in life and that he would end up in the blue-collar industry like his father. In addition, Farrow was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and dyslexia. The doctors recommended that he be put on a consistent course of Ritalin but his mother refused. Following this decision, Farrow decided to take matter into his own hands and began exploring behavior modification approaches to manage his disability.
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New York: The Guilford Press. Although the majority of children who receive services in RTCs present emotional and behavioral disorders (EBDs), such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), and Conduct Disorder (CD), behavior-modification techniques can be an effective way of decreasing the maladaptive behavior of these clients. Interventions such as response cost, token economies, social skills training groups, and the use of positive social reinforcement can be used to increase prosocial behavior in children (Ormrod, 2009).Ormrod, J.E. (2009).
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In a Year 3 elementary classroom in South Wales a teacher was having difficulty keeping three girls on task during designated private study times. The teacher reached for aid from behavior analysts, and a delayed gratification behavior modification plan was put into place. The study gave limits on the numbers of questions the children could ask, and if they did not exceed the limit, they were given tokens for rewards. The token economy for rewards is an example of delayed gratification, by way of cool processing.
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In 1950s and 1960s, the main therapeutic approaches for dealing with inappropriate behavior in individuals were (psychodynamic, nondirective, and behavior modification). These three types of therapy focused on helping individuals to express their pre-existing effective, satisfying, or healthy behaviors. After the deinstitutionalization movement of the 1960s resulted in the discharge of large numbers of people from mental health and other institutions into local communities, Arnold P. Goldstein developed Structured Learning Therapy,Goldstein, A. P. (1973). Structured Learning Therapy: Toward a psychotherapy for the poor.
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A device making use of exothermic chemical reactions designed to result in the rapid spread of fire for the purpose of creating a primary patho-physiological effect (morbidity and mortality), or secondary psychological effect (causing fear and behavior modification) on a larger population or it may be used with the intent of gaining a tactical advantage. Such devices may be fabricated in a completely improvised manner or may be an improvised modification to an existing weapon. A common type of this is the Molotov cocktail.
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A speculative device incorporating radioactive materials designed to result in the dispersal of radioactive material for the purpose of area denial and economic damage, and/or for the purpose of creating a primary patho-physiological toxic effect (morbidity and mortality), or secondary psychological effect (causing fear and behavior modification) on a larger population. Such devices may be fabricated in a completely improvised manner or may be an improvised modification to an existing nuclear weapon. Also called a Radiological Dispersion Device (RDD) or "dirty bomb".
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In Gerald Davison's (AABT's 8th president) public "Statement on Behavior Modification from the AABT", he asserted that "it is a serious mistake ... to equate behavior therapy with the use of electric shocks applied to the extremities..." and "a major contribution of behavior therapy has been a profound commitment to full description of procedures and careful evaluation of their effects". From this point, AABT became instrumental in enacting legislative guidelines that protected human research subjects, and they also became active in efforts to educate the public.
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The Judge Rotenberg Center's behavior modification program uses the methods of applied behavior analysis, and relies heavily on aversion therapy. Aversives used by the JRC include contingent food programs, long-term restraints, sensory deprivation, and GED shocks (before the device was banned in 2020). Students may also be forced to take part in behavior rehearsal lessons, in which they are provoked into a target behavior for the sole purpose of punishing that behavior. If they refuse to perform the target behavior, they are punished anyway for noncompliance.
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Teenagers have been participating in tough love behavior modification programs since the 1960s. Many of these programs take place in the wilderness in the style of military recruit training (also known as boot camps) and the teenagers are subjected to rigid discipline, including mandatory marches, physical abuse, solitary confinement, and deprivation of food and sleep. These programs have little to no oversight from the United States federal or state governments. Teenagers' claims of abuse at these facilities have not been investigated because the programs are not regulated.
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The program offered a range of critical support services to troubled teens, including a therapeutic, positive peer environment and individual, group and family therapy (generally by teleconference as most students were from out of the area). Specifically, residents received intensive therapies, behavior modification, psychopharmacology, nursing assessment and intervention, diagnostic evaluation, and educational planning. Residents typically received seven therapy sessions a week, in the form of five group, one individual, and one family therapy session. Residents were given "jobs" to perform within their team with unique names (i.e.
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He was named professor emeritus in 1994. Lovaas also established the Lovaas Institute for Early Intervention (LIFE), which performs interventions based on his research. Lovaas taught now prominent behaviorists, such as Robert Koegel, Laura Schreibman, Tristram Smith, John McEachin, Ron Leaf, Doreen Granpeesheh, Jacquie Wynn, and thousands of UCLA students who took his "Behavior Modification" course during his 50 years of teaching. He also co-founded what is today the Autism Society of America (ASA), published hundreds of research articles and several books, and received many accolades for his research.
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The family eventually moved to Sebastopol, California. After graduating from The American School In Switzerland, Hodges attended Sonoma State University, where she studied psychiatric nursing. During this time she began work at Sonoma State Hospital with a rotation at Napa State Hospital as a psychiatric technician. Her career choice seemed far removed from where life would take her in the future, but, today, Hodges attributes her studies in psychology—especially her work in behavior modification science—to be at the core of her understanding of and her ability to communicate with mules and donkeys.
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It can cause a problem when talking about Maslow's Hierarchy of needs because in this model Maslow goes on to explain how no one's needs are fully met. The highest point on Maslow's pyramid is self-actualization which Maslow argues is the goal in which we do not reach. This can pose a problem when it comes to behavior modification because one might think if that individual can not reach that ultimate goal, why try at all. Self-actualization is the goal in which humans have this sense of belonging or accomplishment.
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The pathology paradigm is the traditional view of autism through a biomedical lens, in which it is seen as a disorder characterized by various impairments, mainly in communication and social interaction. Those taking this perspective believe that autism is generally a kind of harmful dysfunction. Ways of functioning which diverge from a typical brain are "incorrect" or "unhealthy" and must therefore be treated or cured. The atypical behaviors of autistic individuals are considered a detriment to social and professional success and should therefore be reduced or eliminated through behavior modification therapy.
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Naïve D. melanogaster will also attempt to court females that are not yet sexually mature, and other males. D. melanogaster males show little to no preference for D. melanogaster females over females of other species or even other male flies. However, after D. simulans or other flies incapable of copulation have rejected the males’ advances, D. melanogaster males are much less likely to spend time courting nonspecifically in the future. This apparent learned behavior modification seems to be evolutionarily significant, as it allows the males to avoid investing energy into futile sexual encounters.
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A 1965 article in Life magazine entitled Screams, Slaps and Love has a lasting impact on public attitudes towards Lovaas's therapy. Giving little thought to how their work might be portrayed, Lovaas and parent advocate Bernie Rimland, M.D., were surprised when the magazine article appeared, since it focussed on text and selected images showing the use of aversives, including a close up of a child being slapped. Even after the use of aversives had been largely discontinued, the article continued to have an effect, galvanizing public concerns about behavior modification techniques.
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The Judge Rotenberg Center is a school in Canton, Massachusetts that uses the methods of ABA to perform behavior modification in children with developmental disabilities. Before it was banned in 2020, the center used a device called a Graduated Electronic Decelerator (GED) to deliver electric skin shocks as aversives. The Judge Rotenberg center has been condemned by the United Nations for torture as a result of this practice. While many human rights and disability rights advocates have campaigned to shut down the center, as of 2020 it remains open.
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Behavioral interventions are based on the learning theory, which is the basis for many parenting and professional strategies and interventions. Along with ordinary parenting styles, such strategies are frequently used by default for treating those with FAS, as the diagnoses oppositional defiance disorder (ODD), conduct disorder, reactive attachment disorder (RAD) often overlap with FAS (along with ADHD), and these are sometimes thought to benefit from behavioral interventions. Frequently, a person's poor academic achievement results in special education services, which also utilizes principles of learning theory, behavior modification, and outcome-based education.
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Behavior modification is critiqued in person-centered psychotherapeutic approaches such as Rogerian Counseling and Re-evaluation Counseling, which involve "connecting with the human qualities of the person to promote healing", while behaviorism is "denigrating to the human spirit". B.F. Skinner argues in Beyond Freedom and Dignity that unrestricted reinforcement is what led to the "feeling of freedom", thus removal of aversive events allows people to "feel freer". Further criticism extends to the presumption that behavior increases only when it is reinforced. This premise is at odds with research conducted by Albert Bandura at Stanford University.
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Azrin's successful job club concept soon spread throughout North America and continues to help people with obtaining employment. Azrin served on the editorial boards of seventeen peer-reviewed journals, including the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, which he founded. He was also the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior and a contributor to the Encyclopedia of Behavior Modification and Cognitive Behavior Therapy. As an author he published more than 100 behavioral studies in additional peer-reviewed publications,Hersen, volume one, page xii and eleven books.
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Behavior modification to reduce the risk of developing cancer is a major public health concern due to health care costs associated with individuals being treated for cancer. Behavior change falls squarely within the interests of the field of psycho-oncology due to the psychological factors associated with implementing behavior change. Chief among behaviors that are targeted to decrease individuals' risk for cancer are smoking and alcohol consumption, diet and exercise, and sun exposure. These health behaviors are known to increase the likelihood of developing cancer in addition to myriad other health conditions.
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Insufficient justification and insufficient punishment are broad terms. They encompass and involve ideas ranging from operant conditioning and behavior psychology to cognitive dissonance and intrinsic desires/motivation. According to the American Heritage Medical Dictionary, operant conditioning is "the process of behavior modification in which a subject is encouraged to behave in a desired manner through positive or negative reinforcement, so that the subject comes to associate the pleasure or displeasure of the reinforcement with the behavior." This term is an example of, and serves as a representative of, behavior psychology as a whole.
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In general, these types of programs take a behavioral engineering approach to reducing problem behavior and building skills. In general, behavior modification programs, including military style boot camps that follow modern curriculum, that are used in facilities or in the natural environment have a large effect size and lead to an estimated 15 to 40 %0reduction in recidivism.TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS AND RECIDIVISM: ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROGRAMMES APPLIED IN EUROPE Santiago Redondo Illescas, Julio Sánchez-Meca and Vicente Garrido Genovés Psychology in Spain, 2001, Vol. 5 47-62.
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The use of aversive conditioning is not a medically accepted treatment for self-harm or aggression. The medically accepted treatment for these and other concerning behaviors is functional analysis, which is not practiced at the Judge Rotenberg Center. As better positive behavior support interventions have been developed, it is more and more frequently viewed as unethical the use of aversives to modify behavior in children and adults with disabilities. There is medical consensus that positive behavior support alone is safer and more effective than behavior modification with the use of aversives.
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He experimented by pairing a diet with a psychological approach, and behavior modification during clinical sessions. During these sessions, he discovered that a patient’s relationship with food—their behavior in actually dealing with food could be altered. Structure House has been featured on The Today Show, The New York Times, Associated Press, 60 Minutes, Glamour Magazine, the Wall Street Journal, The Guardian, CNN, Fox & Friends, USA TODAY, WebMD and Best Life. Musante has also contributed to and helped to publish over 30 papers and given numerous talks on the subject.
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Directive Communication Psychology is the science of group dynamics. it identifies How and Why people act and react in groups, and the small modifications in behavior that leads to influencing those groups. Directive Communication became the science of organisational peak performance and was commercially applied to developing leadership, improving corporate culture, Team Development, workforce enhancement and group behavior modification, and in high yield training and development. In a non-commercial environment, Directive Communication serves to cultivate better personal relationships, raising children, and becoming more fulfilled and responsible citizens.
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Zappala was on the board of directors of Straight, Incorporated, a non-profit drug rehabilitation program for teenagers and young adults, which he co-founded in 1976. The program later received harsh criticism for their employment of harmful "behavior modification" techniques like 12-hour confrontational group therapy, beatings and isolation. Zappala served on George Bush’s Presidential campaign and was the National Co-Chairman of Finance for the American Bicentennial Presidential Inaugural. He was a donor to the Republican Party in the 1980s and donated $100,000 to the Bush campaign.
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In the 1980s, during a visit to West Point, B.F. > Skinner identified modern military marksmanship training as a near-perfect > application of operant conditioning. Lt. Col. Dave Grossman states about operant conditioning and US Military training that: > It is entirely possible that no one intentionally sat down to use operant > conditioning or behavior modification techniques to train soldiers in this > area…But from the standpoint of a psychologist who is also a historian and a > career soldier, it has become increasingly obvious to me that this is > exactly what has been achieved.
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The "Lovaas Method" went on to become known as early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI), or 30 to 40 hours per week of DTT. Over the years, "behavior analysis" gradually superseded "behavior modification"; that is, from simply trying to alter problematic behavior, behavior analysts sought to understand the function of that behavior, what antecedents promote and maintain it, and how it can be replaced by successful behavior. This analysis is based on careful initial assessment of a behavior's function and a testing of methods that produce changes in behavior.
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What the lower class crystals' abilities were was never revealed. It was mentioned in the episode "Metraplex" that advanced electronic entertainments known as "wave games" and "gratification intensifiers" existed. How these devices functioned was never revealed but it was also mentioned in the same episode that the province also produced "particle beam" weaponry had access to a "disintegration chamber" and subjugated an entire underclass population with "Vibratory Behavior Modification Modules". In another episode, weapons called "electrum bolts" are mentioned; they are supposedly deadly and exotic in what they do to living tissue.
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The persuasive effect of fear appeals is thought to be influenced by several factors such as individual characteristics, self- efficacy, perception of norms, fear strength, perceived threat, perception of treatment efficacy, and defense mechanisms. Mixed results have been produced from studies that attempt to demonstrate the effectiveness of fear appeals for behavior modification, and a recent meta-analysis recommended extreme caution in the use of fear appeals.Peters, G. J. Y., Ruiter, R. A. C, & Kok, G. (2014). Threatening communication: a critical re-analysis and a revised meta- analytic test of fear appeal theory.
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Treadstone explores the origin story and present-day actions of a fictional CIA black-ops program known as Operation Treadstone — a covert program that uses a behavior-modification protocol to turn recruits into nearly-superhuman assassins. The series follows sleeper agents across the globe as they’re mysteriously 'awakened' to resume their deadly missions. The program breaks down these assassins' personalities, erases their memories, and eliminates their moral code so they can effectively kill targets around the world. The series explores Treadstone's legacy and begins in an East Berlin incident that transpires in 1973.
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Behaviorists focus on the acquisition and teaching of delayed gratification, and have developed therapeutic techniques for increasing ability to delay. Behavior analysts capitalize on the effective principles of reinforcement when shaping behavior by making rewards contingent on the person's current behavior, which promotes learning a delay of gratification. It is important to note that for a behavior modification regimen to succeed, the reward must have some value to the participant. Without a reward that is meaningful, providing delayed or immediate gratification serves little purpose, as the reward is not a strong reinforcer of the desired behavior.
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Francisco Tenório Júnior (known as Tenorinho), a Brazilian piano player, was subjected to the parrilla during the military dictatorship in Brazil. Advocates for the mentally ill and some psychiatrists such as Thomas Szasz have asserted that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is torture when used without a bona fide medical benefit against recalcitrant or non-responsive patients. The Judge Rotenberg Center has been condemned for torture by the United Nations special rapporteur on torture for its use of electric shocks as punishment as part of its behavior modification program. Japanese serial killer Futoshi Matsunaga used electric shocks to control his victims.
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SBCC employs a systematic process beginning with formative research and behavior analysis, followed by communication planning, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation. Audiences are carefully segmented, messages and materials are pre-tested, and mass media (which include radio, television, billboards, print material, internet), interpersonal channels (such as client-provider interaction, group presentations) and community mobilisation are used to achieve defined behavioral objectives. BCC should not be confused with behavior modification, a term with specific meaning in a clinical psychiatry setting. SBCC differentiates itself from Social impact entertainment (SIE) primarily through its "impact first", rather than "story first", approach.
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Petry conducted research that aimed to improve behavioral treatments for individuals with addictive disorders, ranging from substance use disorder to pathological gambling to Internet addiction. She aimed to increase patient adherence to treatment through contingency management, which is a form of behavior modification. Petry was involved analyzing data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, a large-scale study involving a diverse sample of over 36,000 individuals. Petry's work on this study examined various forms of impulsive behavior including gambling and shoplifting, and comorbidity of addictive behavior with other conditions including obesity and other medical problems.
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The Okeechobee Youth Development Center (formerly known as Eckerd Youth Development Center) is a high-risk residential program that treats male inmates ages 13–21 who are sentenced by the courts. Most inmates stay in the program for 9 to 12 months and it includes a transitional program which includes a less secure "cottage" setting outside of the fenced-in area. The program offers education and vocational training, mental health services, substance abuse counseling, case management, social training, behavior modification, transition planning. It is considered a level 8 program in the state of Florida, often referred to as a juvenile detention center.
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In Denmark, some welfare benefits can be confiscated for a period if the child does not attend school. However, not all cities use this approach to keep the children in school.Det virker at inddrage børnechecken (It works confiscating the child benefit check), by Anette Sørensen, Denmarks Radio, October 25, 2008 Most cities watch for families who have not returned their children to school after the summer vacation because some groups exiled their children to their ethnic home countries for behavior modification. In the city of Aarhus, 155 children had not turned up one week after the school started.
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Behavior therapies use behavioral techniques, including applied behavior analysis (also known as behavior modification), to change maladaptive patterns of behavior to improve emotional responses, cognitions, and interactions with others. Functional analytic psychotherapy is one form of this approach. By nature, behavioral therapies are empirical (data-driven), contextual (focused on the environment and context), functional (interested in the effect or consequence a behavior ultimately has), probabilistic (viewing behavior as statistically predictable), monistic (rejecting mind-body dualism and treating the person as a unit), and relational (analyzing bidirectional interactions). Cognitive therapy focuses directly on changing the thoughts, in order to improve the emotions and behaviors.
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ABA is an applied science devoted to developing procedures which will produce observable changes in behavior. It is to be distinguished from the experimental analysis of behavior, which focuses on basic experimental research, but it uses principles developed by such research, in particular operant conditioning and classical conditioning. Behavior analysis adopts the viewpoint of radical behaviorism, treating thoughts, emotions, and other covert activity as behavior that is subject to the same rules as overt responses. This represents a shift away from methodological behaviorism, which restricts behavior-change procedures to behaviors that are overt, and was the conceptual underpinning of behavior modification.
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Smaller scratching surfaces may consist of something as simple as a piece of carpet turned upside down, or a flat pad of woven sisal with a loop to allow it to hang from a doorknob. Others are made from corrugated fiberboard. Scratching posts may be purchased at most stores that carry pet supplies and online, but many people build their own. In many cases, the knowledge feline companions have about how to train cats to claw approved surfaces and nothing else can require understanding simple behavior modification techniques and finding a reward the cat will perform for.
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Proponents of Complete Streets policies believe that they improve safety, lower transportation costs, provide transportation alternatives, encourage health through walking and biking, stimulate local economies, create a sense of place, improve social interaction, and generally improve adjacent property values. Opponents may consider automobile-only infrastructure to be a better use of public funds, or consider efforts to encourage other forms of transportation to be coercive.O'Toole, Randal "Secretary of Behavior Modification", "Cato@Liberty", May 29, 2009, accessed April 15, 2011 Individual projects and policies have sometimes faced specific local opposition, typically based on concerns over traffic flow and automobile access.Goodman, J. David.
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It is revealed by Proteus himself that his mind is able to recall all memories and feelings of his previous hosts. Following the death of Mimic, when Proteus transferred into Morph, Blink tricks Proteus into wearing a portable Behavior Modification System (from the Squadron Supreme's world), which she teleported into the crown he was wearing. The device brainwashes him into believing he is actually Morph and leaves him able to recall only Morph's memories prior to his possession. Unaware of his true identity, he begins behaving exactly like Morph and a member of the Exiles, much to the discomfort of the other Exiles.
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Sustainability efforts include a permanent sustainability office, a campus cogeneration plant, building upgrades and energy efficient building standards, behavior modification programs, purchasing local produce for campus dining, a farmers market, and student groups, as well as a branch of the Salt Lake City Bicycle Collective. Sustainability and transportation are also a large part of the university's campus master plan. The Sustainable Endowments Institute gave the university a "B+" in its College Sustainability Report Card 2011, with A's for climate change and energy, food and recycling, student involvement, and transportation. The expanded recycling program launched on July 1, 2007.
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It is estimated that up to 75% of people on the autism spectrum have exhibited echolalia. A symptom of some children with ASD is the struggle to produce spontaneous speech. Studies have shown that in some cases echolalia is used as a coping mechanism allowing an autistic person to contribute to a conversation when unable to produce spontaneous speech. Studies in the 1980s showed that there may be communicative intent with delayed echolalia, "depending on the context in which it occurs"; this research on autistic children "raised questions related to behavior modification programs that defended the revocation or replacement of immediate echolalia".
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Swearing revenge, the Exiles tracked Proteus down to the Future Imperfect reality, but were unable to prevent the madman from taking another life. This time Proteus took the body of Morph, but with Blink's quick thinking she was able to trap Proteus in Morph's body by blinking a behavior modification crown onto his head, causing him to believe he really is Morph. With the hunt for Proteus at an end, Blink remained an Exile to continue fixing damaged realities. She and the other Exiles returned all former members of the Exiles and Weapon X that were trapped in the Stasis Gallery to their home realities, dead or alive.
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The Seed was a controversial drug rehabilitation program in the United States that operated between 1970 and 2001.Florida Division of Corporations; THE SEED, INC Aimed at youths, the program was modeled after adult treatment programs, with its techniques having been compared to those of the cult Synanon. In a 1974 U.S Senate report, its techniques were also compared to the North Korean brainwashing technique used on Prisoners of War during the Korean War.United States Senate Investigation - Individual Rights and the Federal Role in Behavior Modification, November 1974 At its height in the 1970s The Seed had locations in Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Dade County, and St. Petersburg.
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The Behaviour Change Counselling Scale (BCCS) is a tool used to assess lifestyle counselling using BCC, focusing on feedback on the skill achieved. "Items of BCCS were scored on 1-7 Likert scales and items were tallied into 4 sub-scales, reflecting the 3 skill-sets: MI and readiness assessment, behavior modification, and emotion management". The data obtained is then presented on: item characteristics, sub-scale characteristics, interrater reliability, test-retest reliability and construct validity. Based on a study conducted by Vallis, the results suggest that BCCS is a potentially useful tool in assessing BCC and aid to training practitioners as well as assessing training outcomes.
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The department's letter to Ivy Ridge stated that the institution had been determined to be principally a behavior modification program, not a school.Ivy Ridge Academy accreditation rejected, News Watch 50 WWTI TV Following this ruling, the school's enrollment dropped from about 500 to less than 100 students. In connection with the incident, the Idaho-based Northwest Association of Accredited Schools, which had accredited Ivy Ridge, was criticized for accrediting a school outside of its service area and for violating its own procedures by not requiring a state license as a prerequisite to accreditation.Boise accreditation firm questioned by Ami Joi Bryson, Deseret Morning News, April 27, 2005.
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An attorney diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome, whose quirks include purring whenever he feels anxious and upset; constantly exclaiming "Bingo!" as an affirmative; hopping when excited; and awkwardly walking with his hands pressed to his thighs (which earned him the moniker "Hands Espenson" among the other CP&S; attorneys). Since his diagnosis, Jerry has received mental and behavior modification therapy which has increased his confidence in dealing with people. Before his disorder was diagnosed, he was arrested for holding a knife to Shirley's throat after being denied partnership in the firm for the third time. Shirley dropped the charges against him after Alan promised to get Jerry the therapy he needed.
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Killing Castro is a graphic novel published in 2015 by Caliber Comics written by Jason Ciaccia and illustrated by Aaron Norhanian. The various bizarre incidents and names in the graphic novel are taken from documents released by the CIA.Project MKUltra, The CIA's program in behavior modification - Joint Hearing Before the Senate Committee on Intelligence The book was self- published under the title The Sinister Truth: MkUltra by Ciaccia and Norhanian in 2009 and received positive reviews. It was named one of the best graphic novels of 2010 by R.C.Baker in the Village Voice. It was included in the syllabus of Brooklyn College’s Core Curriculum in 2011.
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A study in 1991 showed that behavior modification was effective in sex offender treatment and covert sensitization, and it has been shown to have some effects on reducing recidivism. However Gene Able, who has done extensive research in this area, suggests that it is not as effective outside of the package which contains odor aversion, satiation therapy (masturbatory reconditioning), and various social skills training programs including empathy training. Current behavior analysis programs offer this type of comprehensive treatment approach. In addition they use a combination of functional assessment, behavior chain analysis and risk assessment to create relapse prevention strategies and to help the offender to develop better self- control.
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In another study conducted in 2015, dogs expressing symptoms of separation anxiety were given fluoxetine tablets and a standard behavior modification plan for two months. Owner interviews, spatial cognitive bias tests, questionnaires and relations between cognitive bias and drug treatment were all taken into consideration. Results showed that the clinical treatment of fluoxetine seemed to produce a shift in cognitive bias in the canine subjects, emphasizing that pharmacological therapy not only can positively affect behavior, but also an animal's psychological state. The most common adverse effects were decreased appetite, experienced by 23% of the dogs in the study, and lethargy, experienced by 39% of the dogs in the study.
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Behavior modification refers to behavior-change procedures that were employed during the 1970s and early 1980s. Based on methodological behaviorism, overt behavior was modified with presumed consequences, including artificial positive and negative reinforcement contingencies to increase desirable behavior, or administering positive and negative punishment and/or extinction to reduce problematic behavior. For the treatment of phobias, habituation and punishment were the basic principles used in flooding, a subcategory of desensitization. Applied behavior analysis (ABA)--the application of behavior analysis--is based on radical behaviorism, which refers to B. F. Skinner's viewpoint that cognition and emotions are covert behavior that are to be subjected to the same conditions as overt behavior.
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The model was a major contributor to the development and understanding of attitude change and persuasion, however it is now only one part of many perspectives on persuasion. Research in persuasion is considering the effects of the unconscious, with scholars beginning to explore the possibility of "priming in inducing non-conscious effects". This idea, new to social psychology, is beginning to shed light on the relationship between the individual unconscious and the social environment. The study of persuasion has always been an integral part of social psychology with the focus slowly moving from attitude change and behavior modification to communications, literature, art and the other humanities.
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In particular psychologists with behavioral training Hunter, R.D. (2001) Improving Outcomes Requires More, Not Less, From Psychology. The Behavior Analyst Today, 2 (1), 4 -14 BAO American psychological association offers a diplomat (post Ph.D. and licensed certification) in behavioral psychology.Dowd, E.T. (2001) Board Certification (Diplomat) in Behavioral Psychology The Behavior Analyst Today, 2 (1), l5- 28 BAO Often the practice of behavior modification in facilities comes into question (see recent interest in Judge Rotenberg Educational Center, Aspen Education Group and the World Wide Association of Specialty Programs and Schools). Often these types of restrictive issues are discussed as part of ethical and legal standards (see Professional practice of behavior analysis).
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Ferster received his bachelor's degree at Rutgers University in 1947 followed by his Master's in 1948 and Ph.D. in 1958 from Columbia University. He then worked as a colleague with B. F. Skinner at Harvard University, where they established the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior in 1958. While at Harvard, he devised errorless learning to train animals, and used other forms of what was then termed behavior modification for clients with depression and obesity. While serving as an assistant professor of psychology at Indiana University School of Medicine from 1957 to 1962, Ferster employed errorless learning to instruct young autistic children how to speak.
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Duff was subjected to a regimen of conversion therapy. This involved aversion therapy, which consisted of being forced to watch same-sex pornography while smelling ammonia. She was also subjected to hypnosis, psychotropic drugs, solitary confinement, and therapeutic messages linking lesbian sex with "the pits of hell". Behavior modification techniques were also used, including requiring girls to wear dresses, unreasonable forms of punishment for small infractions similar to hazing like having to cut the lawn with small scissors and scrubbing floors with a toothbrush, and "positive peer pressure" group sessions in which patients demeaned and belittled each other for both real and perceived inadequacies.
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The Family Foundation School program was based upon three core goals: maximize academic potential; develop spiritually and emotionally through a 12-step program of recovery; grow and mature psychologically through the 12-Step program as well as group and individual therapies. Students at the school were divided into "families" of roughly 30 students and 6 staff members. The family groups ate together, during which time "Table Topics" served as an opportunity for the group to address any negative issues presented by individual students. The school operated year-round, with two 25-week school terms, and employed a residential behavior modification program that was chiefly based on the twelve-step approach.
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Project MKULTRA was a CIA program which involved, among other projects, research on the use of drugs in behavior modification. One of the most controversial cases arising from the program was the death of Dr. Frank Olson, a scientist who worked in the Special Operations Division of the U.S. Army Biological Center in Camp Detrick, Maryland.Final Report of the Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, Book I, pp. 392-399. According to the Church Committee, as part of the MK-ULTRA experiments, Olson was given a dose of LSD without his knowledge, and eventually suffered a severe psychiatric response.
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The defendant, Jeffrey Beard, served as Secretary for the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections. The Deputy Superintendent of Corrections testified in a deposition that the Department of Corrections policy was aimed at behavior modification by using written material as an incentive to encourage good behavior. The prison official testified that inmates in Level 2 confinement were deprived of privileges as punishment with the incentive that if their behavior improved they would be moved to Level 1 with its added privileges. Such rules also allegedly served prison security, as the prison official described how tightly rolled newspapers could be as effective a weapon as clubs and paper can be used to start fires.
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This issue remains a debate in the field and within the organization, particularly with the emergence of the term "cognitive behavioral therapies." This resulted in yet another name change in 2005 to the Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies. The Association for Advancement of Behavioral Therapies/Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies has been at the forefront of the professional, legal, social, and ethical controversies and dissemination efforts that have accompanied the field's evolution. The 1970s was perhaps the most "explosive" (see Stuart, 1974) and controversial decade for the field of behavior therapy, as it suffered from an overall negative public image and received numerous attacks from the press regarding behavior modification and its possible unethical uses.
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The Judge Rotenberg Center (JRC, founded in 1971 as the Behavior Research Institute) is a residential school in Canton, Massachusetts, United States for children with developmental disabilities, emotional disorders, and autistic- like behaviors. The school has been condemned for torture by the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture. Before the practice was banned in 2020, the school used to punish students by administering electric shocks through a device called the Graduated Electronic Decelerator (GED), which was designed by Matthew Israel, the school's founder. While it is now illegal in the United States to use electric shocks as punishment, the JRC continues to employ other means to inflict pain on students for the purpose of behavior modification.
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Our concern is the > synthesis of all areas of the personality. That means psychosynthesis is > holistic, global and inclusive. It is not against psychoanalysis or even > behavior modification but it insists that the needs for meaning, for higher > values, for a spiritual life, are as real as biological or social needs. We > deny that there are any isolated human problems. Assagioli noted that Carl Jung, "of all modern psychotherapists, is the closest in theory and practice to psychosynthesis", and further expanded on the similarities between his own and Jung's views: > In the practice of therapy we both agree in rejecting ‘pathologism’ that is, > concentration upon morbid manifestations and symptoms of a supposed > psychological ‘disease’.
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At a joint press conference, Richmond resigns as President of the United States and the Squadron announces its plans to the public; Richmond comes prepared to kill Hyperion, but cannot bring himself to do so. The Squadron assumes control of the United States and remakes the nation into a virtual utopia. The team implements a series of sweeping changes, including revealing their secret identities; instituting a program of behavior modification in prisons; enforcing a strict gun control policy, and developing medical technology to resurrect the dead. Predicting a nightmarish outcome to the Squadron's so-called "Utopia Program", Nighthawk attempts in vain to solicit the aid of the Avengers,Captain America #314 (Feb. 1986).
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Within the domain of parent–child consultation, standard intervention includes teaching parents skills such as basic reinforcement, time-out and how to manipulate different factors to modify behavior. Direct therapy involves the relationship of behavior analyst and client, usually one-on-one, in which the analyst is responsible for directly modifying the behavior of their client. Direct therapy is also used in schools but can also be found in group homes, in a behavior modification facility and in behavior therapy (where the focus may be on tasks such as quitting smoking, modifying behaviors for sex offenders or other types of offenders, modifying behaviors related to mood disorders) or to encourage job seeking behavior in psychiatric patients.
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One particular program that is of interest is teaching-family homes (see Teaching Family Model), which is based on a social learning model that emerged from radical behaviorism. These particular homes use a family style approach to residential treatment, which has been carefully replicated over 700 times.Dean L. Fixsen, Karen A. Blasé, Gary D. Timbers and Montrose M. Wolf (2007) In Search of Program Implementation: 792 Replications of the Teaching-Family Model. Behavior Analyst Today Volume 8, No. 1, pp. 96–106 Behavior Analyst Online Recent efforts have seen a push for the inclusion of more behavior modification programs in residential re-entry programs in the U.S. to aid prisoners in re-adjusting after release.
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Maryville Treatment Center is a Missouri Department of Corrections minimum security prison for male inmates on the grounds of the former Mount Alverno motherhouse of the Sisters of St. Francis of Maryville in Polk Township, Nodaway County, just outside Maryville, Missouri. The facility is a (custody level 2) facility with a designed capacity to house 561 offenders. The center currently provides the 561 offenders housed there with at least six-months of treatment and behavior modification as part of the Offenders Under Treatment (OUT) Program and the Board Substance Abuse Program (BDSAP). The Franciscan motherhouse was built in 1947 and its distinctive yellow belltower on the bluff above the One Hundred and Two River is a distinctive landmark.
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The field has been especially influential in Latin America, where it has a regional organization known as ALAMOC: La Asociación Latinoamericana de Análisis y Modificación del Comportamiento. Behaviorism also gained a strong foothold in Japan, where it gave rise to the Japanese Society of Animal Psychology (1933), the Japanese Association of Special Education (1963), the Japanese Society of Biofeedback Research (1973), the Japanese Association for Behavior Therapy (1976), the Japanese Association for Behavior Analysis (1979), and the Japanese Association for Behavioral Science Research (1994). Today the field of behaviorism is also commonly referred to as behavior modification or behavior analysis.Ruben Ardila, "Behavior Analysis in an International Context", in Brock (ed.), Internationalizing the History of Psychology (2006).
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One of the first and most important was the "zap" in May 1970 by the Los Angeles GLF at a convention of the American Psychiatric Association (APA). At a conference on behavior modification, during a film demonstrating the use of electroshock therapy to decrease same-sex attraction, Morris Kight and GLF members in the audience interrupted the film with shouts of "Torture!" and "Barbarism!" They took over the microphone to announce that medical professionals who prescribed such therapy for their homosexual patients were complicit in torturing them. Although 20 psychiatrists in attendance left, the GLF spent the hour following the zap with those remaining, trying to convince them that homosexual people were not mentally ill.
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Conversations with owners typically revolve around his philosophy: that healthy, balanced dogs require strong "pack leadership" from their owners, while Millan demonstrates how owners can achieve and maintain a leadership role with their dogs. In some cases, Millan takes dogs with severe behavioral problems to his Dog Psychology Center for an extended period of more intensive rehabilitation. The programs are not intended as a dog training guide, and each episode contains repeated warnings that viewers should not try the behavior modification techniques at home without the guidance of a professional. While working with a dog, Millan often uses vocal marks such as tsch, gestures, and body language to communicate with dogs rather than speech or the dog's name.
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Independent researchers have called into question the wilderness therapy industry's claims, expressing ethical concerns and criticizing its use of 'bad science' due to methodological flaws in the research. Given the proliferation of such programs, lax regulation, and absence of research setting uniform standards of care across programs, advocates have called for increased accountability to ensure programs are capable of providing care that is consistent with their marketing claims. Some programs which advertise as "wilderness therapy" are actually boot camps similar in style to military recruit training in a wilderness environment. These can sometimes be distinguished from other wilderness therapy by such programs promising behavior modification for troubled teens, but it is hard to tell just from the ads.
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Lovaas established the Young Autism Project clinic at UCLA in 1968, where he began his research, authored training manuals, and recorded tapes of him and his graduate students implementing errorless learning--based on operant conditioning and what was then referred to as behavior modification--to instruct autistic children. He later coined the term "discrete trial training" to describe the procedure, which was used to teach listener responding, eye contact, fine and gross motor imitation, receptive and expressive language, and a variety of other skills. In an errorless discrete trial, the child sits at a table across from the therapist who provides an instruction (i.e., "do this", "look at me", "point to", etc.), followed by a prompt, then the child's response, and a stimulus reinforcer.
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Fantastic Four #333 (1989) Titania permanently overcomes her fear of Spider-Man during the 1989-1990 "Acts of Vengeance" crossover, in which a conspiracy between Loki and the Wizard teams supervillains to fight enemies not usually their own. Titania is dismayed when Doctor Doom, her partner, tells her she would face not She-Hulk, but Spider-Man. With the help of a behavior modification device secretly affixed to Titania, Doom stokes her pride and anger, allowing her to engage Spider-Man at the Daily Bugle offices. After the Puma's claws tear Doom's device from her, she cowers from Spider- Man, but when he makes her realize that she had been fighting him the whole time, she finally overcomes her fear and resumes attacking.
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A patent drawing for the GED The graduated electronic decelerator (GED) is an aversive conditioning device that delivers a powerful electric skin shock to punish behaviors considered undesirable. The GED was created by Matthew Israel for use on students at the Judge Rotenberg Center as part of the school's behavior modification program. The school has since been condemned for torture by the United Nations special rapporteur on torture for its use of the GED and other inhumane treatments. In 2020, the device was banned by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Matthew Israel created the GED to replace the older punishments of spankings, pinches, and muscle squeezes because “A lot of injuries were occurring” and because the GED supplied a more consistent dose of pain.
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The name "applied behavior analysis" has replaced behavior modification because the latter approach suggested attempting to change behavior without clarifying the relevant behavior- environment interactions. In contrast, ABA tries to change behavior by first assessing the functional relationship between a targeted behavior and the environment. Further, the approach often seeks to develop socially acceptable alternatives for aberrant behaviors. ABA has been utilized in a wide range of areas, including early behavioral interventions for autism, rehabilitation of brain injury, research on the principles influencing criminal behavior, as well as HIV prevention, conservation of natural resources, education, gerontology, health and fitness, industrial safety, language acquisition, littering, medical procedures, parenting, psychotherapy, seatbelt use, severe mental disorders, sports, substance abuse, phobias, pediatric feeding disorders, and zoo management and care of animals.
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Reinforcement theory has also been applied in an organizational setting. A version of reinforcement theory, organizational behavior modification theory (Bandura 1969, 1986; Luthans and Stajkovic 1999; Stajkovic and Luthans 1997) is concerned with modifying employee behavior on the job through the systematic implementation of reinforcement interventions. The central tenet of the theory is 'you get what you reinforce' (Luthans and Stajkovic 1999: 52) According to Stajkovic and Luthans (1997), there are three types of positive reinforcers that result in an increase in performance- related behaviors when contingently administered: pay, performance feedback and social recognition. Social recognition is defined as 'the use of verbal consequences, typically expressed by individuals, such as attention, recognition, commendations, compliments, and praise' (Stajkovic and Luthans 1997: ).
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Runtime verification can be used for many purposes, such as security or safety policy monitoring, debugging, testing, verification, validation, profiling, fault protection, behavior modification (e.g., recovery), etc. Runtime verification avoids the complexity of traditional formal verification techniques, such as model checking and theorem proving, by analyzing only one or a few execution traces and by working directly with the actual system, thus scaling up relatively well and giving more confidence in the results of the analysis (because it avoids the tedious and error-prone step of formally modelling the system), at the expense of less coverage. Moreover, through its reflective capabilities runtime verification can be made an integral part of the target system, monitoring and guiding its execution during deployment.
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Frequent use of such maladaptive assumption such as, "It is awful and catastrophic when things are not the way one would very much like them to be" may provoke further anxiety over the course of events. Thus rational-emotive therapy, a form of cognitive behavioral therapy, may be implemented to counter clients' maladaptive assumptions, and educate them about the part excessive worrying plays in resulting cognitive interpretations across a span of social situations. Components of CBT for GAD includes psychoeducation, self-monitoring, stimulus control techniques, relaxation, self-control desensitization, cognitive restructuring, worry exposure, worry behavior modification, and problem-solving. The first step in the treatment of GAD is informing of the patient about the issues and the plan of the solution.
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Other professionals, typified by Dr. Kenneth Zucker, the Head of the Gender Identity Service, Child, Youth, and Family Program and Psychologist-in-Chief at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, believe in behavior modification to minimize childhood gender dysphoria. Dr. Zucker asks the rhetorical question of whether it would be ethical to treat an African American child who wishes to identify as Caucasian with cosmetic surgeries to facilitate this identity, though his critics point out that gender identity is completely non-analogous to ethnic identity. He has also been criticized for statements suggesting that children with nonnormative gender might be autistic and hyperfocusing on gender. There is no one universal set of behavioral interventions designed to reduce stress in children with GID.
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Rekers co-authored four papers with Ole Ivar Lovaas, a psychology professor at the same university, on children with atypical gender behaviors. The subject of the first of these studies, a 'feminine' young boy who was homosexual of 4 and half years old at the inception of treatment, committed suicide as an adult; his family attribute the suicide to this treatment. Following his suicide in 2010, the man's sister told the news that she read his journal which described how he feared disclosing his sexual orientation because when receiving the behavior modification treatment as a young boy, his father would give him spankings if he was given a different color "poker chip" as punishment for feminine-like behavior such as playing with dolls.
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Rogers believes that the individual must have an internal awareness of right and wrong. Uses of behavior management Many of the principles and techniques used are the same as behavior modification yet delivered in a less intensively and consistent fashion. Usually, behavior management is applied at the group level by a classroom teacher as a form of behavioral engineering to produce high rates of student work completion and minimize classroom disruption. In addition, greater focus has been placed on building self-control. Brophy (1986) writes: In general behavior management strategies have been very effective in reducing classroom disruption.Brophy, J.E. (1983) "Classroom Organization and Management." The Elementary School Journal 83/4, 265–285. In addition, recent efforts have focused on incorporating principles of functional assessment into the process.Angela Waguespack, Terrence Vaccaro & Lauren Continere (2006).
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The Dog Whisperer with Cesar Millan is a documentary-style reality television program centering on animal behaviorist Cesar Millan as he works to rehabilitate dogs with behavior problems ranging from excessive barking to behaviors that could leave the owners little choice but to medicate or euthanize their dogs if not corrected. Millan said in a number of interviews that the program is not a guide to training, but a demonstration of his rehabilitation techniques. Each episode begins with the statement, "Do not attempt the techniques you are about to see without consulting a professional" and repeats warnings that viewers should not attempt the behavior-modification techniques at home. Viewers are introduced to the difficult dogs and their owners through home- movie style footage of their dogs engaging in the behavior its owners find problematic.
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Suspension of judgment is used in civil law to indicate a court's decision to nullify a civil judgment. Motions to set aside judgments entered in civil cases in the United States district courts are governed by Rule 60 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure which opens with the statement, "On motion and just terms, the court may relieve a party or its legal representative from a final judgment, order, or proceeding...". The rule is quite straightforward and court room application is mostly as stated. In the New York Law Journal David Bliven argues that suspended judgement ought to be an alternative disposition in family offenses (a type of civil case), particularly in cases where a family judgement is being used as behavior modification rather than a reason to arrest.
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As well, he claims that there have been multiple animal experiments which resulted in "changes in brain chemistry and the central nervous system, abnormalities of the blood-forming systems and birth defects." Later in the interview he cautions that the amount of radiation that the average household microwave oven leaks is "500 times higher than Eastern European and Soviet standards for worker exposure and 5,000 times the recommended limits for the general population." Concerns arose from Americans that microwaves could be used as a weapon for behavior modification, or even mind control. What may have started out as a "tin-foil hat" theory, soon spiralled into full-blown paranoia that gave birth to many suspicions some still hold to this day, such as not to watch food while it warms up in the microwave.
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Shoshana Zuboff is an American author, Harvard professor, social psychologist, philosopher, and scholar. She is the author of the books In the Age of the Smart Machine: The Future of Work and Power and The Support Economy: Why Corporations Are Failing Individuals and the Next Episode of Capitalism, co- authored with James Maxmin. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power, integrates her lifelong themes: the digital revolution, the evolution of capitalism, the historical emergence of psychological individuality, and the conditions for human development. Zuboff's work is the source of many original concepts including 'surveillance capitalism', 'instrumentarian power', 'the division of learning in society', 'economies of action', 'the means of behavior modification', 'information civilization', 'computer-mediated work', the 'automate/informate' dialectic, 'abstraction of work' and 'individualization of consumption'.
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Dr. M.J. Willard Monkey from Helping Hands On June 23, 1995, NTI was started by the 3 founders, Dr. Paul Corcoran, Chairman of the Rehabilitation Department at the Tufts New England Medical Center; Dr. Mark Schlesinger, Chairman of Health Economics Department at Yale; and Dr. M.J. Willard, Behavioral Psychologist who had spent the prior 15 years working with individuals with severe physical disabilities function within their home environment. Prior to NTI, Dr. Willard had spent three years as a research assistant to famed psychologist B.F. Skinner and concluded that his behavior- modification methods could be used to train monkeys to help the disabled. Dr. Willard then focused her efforts on a non-profit called Helping Hands: Simian Aides for the Disabled which was started in 1977. She spearheaded the concept of using moneys to assist quadriplegics in daily tasks.
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Homework is generally associated with improved patient outcomes, but it is still uncertain what other factors may moderate or mediate the effects that homework has on how much patients improve. That is, some researchers have hypothesized that patients who are more motivated to complete homework are also more likely to improve; other researchers have suggested that only individuals with less severe psychopathologies are even capable of completing homework, so it would be effective only for a subset of individuals.Keijsers, G. P. J., Schaap, C. P. D. R., & Hoogduin, C. A. L. (2000). The Impact of Interpersonal Patient and Therapist Behavior on Outcome in Cognitive-Behavior Therapy A Review of Empirical Studies. Behavior Modification, 24(2), 264–297. To test these possibilities, Burns and Spengler (2000) used structural equation modeling to estimate the causal relations between homework compliance and depressive symptomatology before and after psychotherapy.
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Western State Hospital is a psychiatric hospital located at 9601 Steilacoom Boulevard SW in Lakewood, Washington. Administered by the Washington Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS), it is a large facility with 806 beds, and Washington's second-oldest state-owned enterprise (after the University of Washington). One of two state-owned adult psychiatric hospitals, the other being Eastern State Hospital in Medical Lake, the hospital currently treats patients using psychiatric medications, mental health counseling, group therapy, drug, psychiatric rehabilitation, and behavior modification therapies. The hospital is divided into 4 specific acute treatment areas: PTRC Central and South for the treatment of civil and voluntarily committed adult patients, PTRC East for the treatment of older and geriatric patients, both civil and voluntary, the Center for Forensic Services that provides court- ordered evaluations and treatment for patients with legal charges and/or convictions, and the Child Study and Treatment Center, which provides treatment for children under the age of 18 years.
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Some studies on exposure (desensitization) therapies--which refer to an array of interventions based on the respondent conditioning procedure known as habituation and typically infuses counterconditioning procedures, such as meditation and breathing exercises--have recently been published in behavior analytic journals since the 1990s, as most other research are conducted from a cognitive-behavior therapy framework. When based on a behavior analytic research standpoint, FBAs are implemented to precisely outline how to employ the flooding form of desensitization (also called direct exposure therapy) for those who are unsuccessful in overcoming their specific phobia through systematic desensitization (also known as graduated exposure therapy). These studies also reveal that systematic desensitization is more effective for children if used in conjunction with shaping, which is further termed contact desensitization, but this comparison has yet to be substantiated with adults. Other widely published behavior analytic journals include Behavior Modification, The Behavior Analyst, Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, Behavior and Philosophy, Behavior and Social Issues, and The Psychological Record.
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Observers of transitional justice application and processes, such as Makau W. Mutua (2000) emphasized on the difficulties of achieving actual justice through one of the most prominent mechanisms of transitional justice, trials. Commenting on the international tribunal established in Rwanda in 1994, he argued that it “serves to deflect responsibility, to assuage the consciences of states which were unwilling to stop the genocide... [and] largely masks the illegitimacy of the Tutsi regime”. In sum, Matua argues that criminal tribunals such as those in Rwanda and Yugoslavia are “less meaningful if they cannot be applied or enforced without prejudice to redress transgressions or unless they have a deterrent effect such as behavior modification on the part of would be perpetrators”. More recently, Lyal S. Sunga has argued that unless truth commissions are set up and conducted according to international human rights law, international criminal law and international humanitarian law, they risk conflicting or undermining criminal prosecutions, whether these prosecutions are supposed to be carried out at the national or international levels.
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On February 3, 2010, David A. Larson, an elected official in California who has a relationship with government contract personnel, made disclosures to the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), Office of the Inspector General (OIG) alleging that under the Bush Administration, prisoners detained at Abu Ghraib, Guantanamo Bay, and undisclosed "black sites" were being used as involuntary research subjects for human biomedical experimentation, behavior modification research, and drug-testosterone delivery in a manner similar to past CIA Project MKULTRA activities investigated in 1977 by Senators Kennedy and Inuoye. The allegation supports information contained in an International Red Cross report relative to the expanded role of CIA medical personnel in torture and interrogation.On the Issues, David A. Larson, Candidate and Elected official In 2010, the last of the prisons were turned over to the Iraqi government to run. An Associated Press article said In September 2010 Amnesty International warned in a report titled New Order, Same Abuses; Unlawful Detentions and Torture in Iraq that up to 30,000 prisoners, including many veterans of the US detention system, remain detained without rights in Iraq and are frequently tortured or abused.
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Meredith Hodges jumping with champion jack donkey, Little Jack Horner In 1980 Hodges purchased a former sheep ranch in Loveland, Colorado and christened it the Lucky Three Ranch. She began breeding and training what would become a top-quality line of mules and donkeys, some of them future champions. Her purpose was to prove that mules could do everything that horses could do in all kinds of recreational equestrian disciplines to further their use in modern America. As she learned more about these equines’ personalities and abilities, she began to develop her own training program utilizing her own observations and her background in behavior modification. Over the next ten years, guided by the resistance-free training techniques of Richard Shrake and merging the knowledge of many other trainers from multiple equestrian disciplines (such as Major Anders Lindgren in dressage, Rick Noffsinger in driving, Bruce Davidson and Denny Emerson in Combined Training, Al Dunning in reining), she coalesced her theories and techniques into a comprehensive method called “Training Mules and Donkeys: A Logical Approach To Longears.” Peyre-Ferry, M. (1990), "Sport Mules Leaving the Plows Behind", HorsePlay Concurrently, Hodges’ evolving technique proved successful in showing her animals in both horse and mule shows.
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Marvel Comics. Hyperion and the Squadron Supreme are manipulated by the Serpent Crown into battling the Avengers.Avengers #141 -144 (Nov. 1975 - Feb. 1976). Marvel Comics. The Defenders travel to their world to fight the villain Overmind and his ally Null, the Living Darkness, who have placed the Squadron under their control.Defenders #112 - 115 (Oct. 1982 - Jan. 1983). Marvel Comics. Following the societal instability caused by Overmind's takeover of the planet, Hyperion and other Squadron members resolve, against their teammate Nighthawk's advice, to assume control of their United States government, instituting programs aimed at increasing quality of life; for instance Hyperion helps establish a behavior modification program,Squadron Supreme #2 (Oct. 1985). Marvel Comics. which the team uses to brainwash the Institute of Evil and numerous other criminals.Squadron Supreme #5 - 6 (Jan. - Feb. 1986). Marvel Comics. He becomes trapped in an inter-dimensional zone and is impersonated by the Squadron Sinister Hyperion (Zhib-Ran). Forced to ally himself with Master Menace to escape, Hyperion battles Zhib-Ran to the death; although he wins, he is blinded in the fight. After a battle to the death with Nighthawk and the Redeemers, a team formed to stop the domineering Squadron, Hyperion relents and relinquishes power.
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