A few materials, such as the HY-80 series of high-strength steels, require a non-autogenous process to control their metallurgy. However advanced processes, such as hybrid laser arc welding, have been used to achieve the same effect autogenously.
|
|
This alloy is designed for use in specialized electric and electronic applications. Alloy 401 is readily autogenously welded by the gas-tungsten-arc process. Resistance welding is a very satisfactory method for joining the material. It also exhibits good brazing characteristics.
|
|
AsnC is autogenously regulated, which is where the product of a structural gene regulates the expression of the operon in which the genes reside. The stimulating effect of AsnC on AsnA transcription is downregulated by asparagine. However, the autoregulation of AsnC is not affected by asparagine.
|
|
Autogenous healing is the natural ability of cementitious materials to repair cracks. This ability is principally attributed to further hydration of unhydrated cement particles and carbonation of dissolved calcium hydroxide. Cementitious materials in fresh-water systems can autogenously heal cracks up to 0.2 mm over a period of 7 weeks.
|
|
ACES relies on a technology called Integrated Vehicle Fluids (IVF). IVF is an auxiliary power unit not unlike those used on aircraft centered on an internal combustion engine that uses waste hydrogen and oxygen that boils off of cryogenic tanks. IVF reduces weight and cost by reducing the need for helium, hydrazine, and batteries. IVF produces electric power, maintains stage attitude, and helps keep propellant tanks autogenously pressurized.
|
|
The IVF technology uses a lightweight internal combustion engine to use hydrogen and oxygen propellant boil-off (normally wasted when boil-off gases are vented to space) to operate the stage. This includes producing power, maintaining stage attitude and keeping the propellant tanks autogenously pressurized. Using these fluids eliminates the need for hydrazine fuel, helium for pressurization, and nearly all batteries in the vehicle. IVF is optimal for depot operations, since only LH2 and LO2 need be transferred, and it extends mission lifetimes from the present dozens of hours to multiple days.
|
|
Some arc welding processes, including such major process such as Manual Metal Arc (stick) welding and MAGS (wire-feed) welding, cannot be used autogenously, as they rely on the consumption of a filler rod to provide the arc. Some processes are typically autogenous. These include some gas welding processes such as lead burning (although fillers may optionally be used) and oxy-acetylene welding in some positions, such as seam welding the edges of two overlapping sheets. Resistance welding, both spot welding and seam welding, is inherently autogenous as there is no convenient way to apply a filler.
|
|
Further, females with certain genotypes are anautogenous by default but can be triggered to reproduce autogenously by mating with a male, possibly because of hormones released or acquired during mating or possibly because of some nutritional supplement the mating provides. Individuals of the same species can be found to exhibit autogeny or anautogeny depending on their genotypes as well as on environmental circumstances and the type and amount of nourishment they obtained in their larval stage. Mathematical models have indicated that anautogeny can be an advantageous strategy for insect reproduction under favorable conditions (particularly when hosts are easy to find, when the insects have a good chance of surviving the blood-feeding, and when anautogeny contributes to increased fecundity).
|
|
Adult female Aedes taeniorhynchus Ae. taeniorhynchus eggs can mature both autogenously and anautogenously, with autogenous eggs feeding on sugar and anautogenous eggs requiring a blood meal. These food sources promote maturation by producing hormones from the corpora allata (CA) and medial neurosecretory cell perikarya (MNCA), of which only MNCA hormone release is responsible for anautogenous maturation. Larval dependence on a blood meal can be influenced to make mosquitoes less autogenous, by not allowing females to feed on sugar and imposing other dietary changes. Aedes taeniorhynchus is an ectoparasite of waved albatrosses Adult mosquitoes feed on a combination diet of blood and sugar, with the optimal diet consisting of sugar for males and both blood and sugar for females.
|
|
Robert Lemlich showed how foam fractionation columns can be operated in stripping, enriching, or combined modes (depending on whether the feed is sent to the top, bottom or middle of the column), and can be operated with or without an external reflux stream at the top of the column. It helps to think of the process as similar to a gas-liquid absorption column. The differences are that: #The target molecules adsorb to a surface, rather than absorb by travelling into the bulk of one phase from another, and #The foam autogenously provides the packing within the column. Just as in gas-liquid absorption, the adoption of reflux at the top of the column can engender multiple equilibrium stages within the column.
|
|
Among humans, the feeding preferences of mosquitoes typically include: those with type O blood, heavy breathers, an abundance of skin bacteria, high body heat, and pregnant women. Individuals' attractiveness to mosquitoes also has a heritable, genetically-controlled component. When a female reproduces without such parasitic meals, it is said to practice autogenous reproduction, as in Toxorhynchites; otherwise, the reproduction may be termed anautogenous, as occurs in mosquito species that serve as disease vectors, particularly Anopheles and some of the most important disease vectors in the genus Aedes. In contrast, some mosquitoes, for example, many Culex, are partially anautogenous: they do not need a blood meal for their first cycle of egg production, which they produce autogenously; however, subsequent clutches of eggs are produced anautogenously, at which point their disease vectoring activity becomes operative.
|
|